Populations of Pacific common eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum) breeding in Alaska, USA, have declined markedly over the past 40 years. We studied survival of adult female Pacific common eiders using capture—recapture of nesting hens at 3 sites on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD), Alaska from 1994 to 2004. We used data consisting of 268 recapture events from 361 uniquely marked individuals to investigate temporal, geographic, and environmental variation in adult female survival. Our results suggest apparent annual survival of adult eiders from the YKD was high (0.892, SE = 0.022) and spatially and temporally invariant (σ2 = 0.005), a pattern consistent with other long-lived marine birds. Moreover, our results suggest adult survival may be functionally fixed for Pacific common eiders, and at the present, adult survival may be relatively unresponsive to environmental or management perturbations. Our data did not support hypothesized variation in survival relative to mortality factors such as predation on breeding grounds, physiologic costs of reproduction, and wintering conditions. Although changes in adult survival likely have a large potential effect on prospective population growth, our results suggest viable management actions aimed at increasing survival may be extremely limited.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2193/2005-776","issn":"00225","usgsCitation":"Wilson, H., Flint, P.L., Moran, C.L., and Powell, A., 2007, Survival of breeding Pacific common eiders on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 2, p. 403-410, https://doi.org/10.2193/2005-776.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"403","endPage":"410","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212158,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2005?776"}],"volume":"71","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2c6e4b08c986b31f956","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, H.M.","contributorId":37306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Christine L.","contributorId":6621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moran","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":427885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Powell, A.N.","contributorId":66194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030584,"text":"70030584 - 2007 - The USGS national geothermal resource assessment: An update","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-30T11:06:49.800965","indexId":"70030584","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The USGS national geothermal resource assessment: An update","docAbstract":"The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) is working with the Department of Energy's (DOE) Geothermal Technologies Program and other geothermal organizations on a three-year effort to produce an updated assessment of available geothermal resources. The new assessment will introduce significant changes in the models for geothermal energy recovery factors, estimates of reservoir volumes, and limits to temperatures and depths for electric power production. It will also include the potential impact of evolving Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) technology. An important focus in the assessment project is on the development of geothermal resource models consistent with the production histories and observed characteristics of exploited geothermal fields. New models for the recovery of heat from heterogeneous, fractured reservoirs provide a physically realistic basis for evaluating the production potential of both natural geothermal reservoirs and reservoirs that may be created through the application of EGS technology. Project investigators have also made substantial progress studying geothermal systems and the factors responsible for their formation through studies in the Great Basin-Modoc Plateau region, Coso, Long Valley, the Imperial Valley and central Alaska, Project personnel are also entering the supporting data and resulting analyses into geospatial databases that will be produced as part of the resource assessment.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Geothermal Resources Council - Annual Meeting of the Geothermal Resources Council 2007","conferenceDate":"September 30-Ocobter 3, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","issn":"01935","usgsCitation":"Williams, C., Reed, M., Galanis, S., and DeAngelo, J., 2007, The USGS national geothermal resource assessment: An update, in Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 31, Reno, NV, September 30-Ocobter 3, 2007, p. 99-104.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"104","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239075,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba954e4b08c986b3221c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, C.F. 0000-0003-2196-5496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-5496","contributorId":20401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":427747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, M.J.","contributorId":35308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galanis, S.P. Jr.","contributorId":55005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galanis","given":"S.P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeAngelo, J.","contributorId":27670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelo","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70174220,"text":"70174220 - 2007 - Signatures of mountain building: Detrital zircon U/Pb ages from northeast Tibet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T15:38:46","indexId":"70174220","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Signatures of mountain building: Detrital zircon U/Pb ages from northeast Tibet","docAbstract":"Although detrital zircon has proven to be a powerful tool for determining provenance, past work has focused primarily on delimiting regional source terranes. Here we explore the limits of spatial resolution and stratigraphic sensitivity of detrital zircon in ascertaining provenance, and we demonstrate its ability to detect source changes for terranes separated by only a few tens of kilometers. For such an analysis to succeed for a given mountain, discrete intrarange source terranes must have unique U/Pb zircon age signatures and sediments eroded from the range must have well-defined depositional ages. Here we use ∼1400 single-grain U/Pb zircon ages from northeastern Tibet to identify and analyze an area that satisfies these conditions. This analysis shows that the edges of intermontane basins are stratigraphically sensitive to discrete, punctuated changes in local source terranes. By tracking eroding rock units chronologically through the stratigraphic record, this sensitivity permits the detection of the differential rock uplift and progressive erosion that began ca. 8 Ma in the Laji Shan, a 10-25-km-wide range in northeastern Tibet with a unique U/Pb age signature.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G23057A.1","issn":"0091-7613","usgsCitation":"Lease, R.O., Burbank, D.W., Gehrels, G.E., Wang, Z., and Yuan, D., 2007, Signatures of mountain building: Detrital zircon U/Pb ages from northeast Tibet: Geology, v. 35, no. 3, p. 239-242, https://doi.org/10.1130/G23057A.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"242","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f2c9e4b07dd077c6aa7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lease, Richard O. 0000-0003-2582-8966 rlease@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-8966","contributorId":5098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lease","given":"Richard","email":"rlease@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burbank, Douglas W.","contributorId":44214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burbank","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gehrels, George E.","contributorId":59795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gehrels","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Zhicai","contributorId":172595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Zhicai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yuan, Daoyang","contributorId":172596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yuan","given":"Daoyang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70035203,"text":"70035203 - 2007 - Neogene transpressional foreland basin development on the north side of the central alaska range, usibelli group and nenana gravel, tanana basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035203","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neogene transpressional foreland basin development on the north side of the central alaska range, usibelli group and nenana gravel, tanana basin","docAbstract":"Neogene strata of the Tanana basin provide a long-term record of a northwardpropagating, transpressional foreland-basin system related to regional shortening of the central Alaska Range and strike-slip displacement on the Denali fault system. These strata are ???2 km thick and have been deformed and exhumed in thrust faults that form the foothills on the north side of the Alaska Range. The lower part of the sedimentary package, the Usibelli Group, consists of 800 m of mainly Miocene strata that were deposited in fluvial, lacustrine, and peat bog environments of the foredeep depozone of the foreland-basin system. Compositional data from conglomerate and sandstone, as well as recycled Upper Cretaceous palynomorphs, indicate that the Miocene foreland-basin system was supplied increasing amounts of sediment from lithologies currently exposed in thrust sheets located south of the basin. The upper part of the sedimentary package, the Nenana Gravel, consists of 1200 m of mainly Pliocene strata that were deposited in alluvial-fan and braidplain environments in the wedge-top depozone of the foreland-basin system. Compositional data from conglomerate and sandstone, as well as 40Ar/39Ar dating of detrital feldspars in sandstone and from granitic clasts in conglomerate, indicate that lithologies exposed in the central Alaska Range provided most of the detritus to the Pliocene foreland-basin system. 40Ar/39Ar dates from detrital feldspar grains also show that two main suites of plutons contributed sediment to the Nenana Gravel. Detrital feldspars with an average age of 56 Ma are interpreted to have been derived from the McKinley sequence of plutons located south of the Denali fault. Detrital feldspars with an average age of 34 Ma are interpreted to have been derived from plutons located north of the Denali fault. Plutons located south of the Denali fault provided detritus for the lower part of the Nenana Gravel, whereas plutons located north of the Denali fault began to contribute sediment during deposition of the upper part of the Nenana Gravel. This age distribution documented in detrital feldspars of the Nenana Gravel is interpreted as representing a progressive northward exhumation of plutons that were located south of the Pliocene Tanana basin. In contrast to previous studies, we interpret the Usibelli Group and Nenana Gravel to represent a continuum in the evolution of a transpressional foreland basin that began during Miocene time on the north side of the Alaska Range. Copyright ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2007.2431(20)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Ridgway, K., Thoms, E., Layer, P., Lesh, M., White, J.M., and Smith, S.V., 2007, Neogene transpressional foreland basin development on the north side of the central alaska range, usibelli group and nenana gravel, tanana basin: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 431, p. 507-547, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(20).","startPage":"507","endPage":"547","numberOfPages":"41","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215244,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(20)"},{"id":243034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6454e4b0c8380cd7298c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ridgway, K.D.","contributorId":62792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridgway","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thoms, E.E.","contributorId":88969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thoms","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Layer, P.W.","contributorId":42398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layer","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lesh, M.E.","contributorId":53619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesh","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, J. M.","contributorId":40268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, S. V.","contributorId":89284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030545,"text":"70030545 - 2007 - Glacier mass-balance fluctuations in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:13","indexId":"70030545","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Glacier mass-balance fluctuations in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"The more than 40 year record of net and seasonal mass-balance records from measurements made by the United States Geological Survey on South Cascade Glacier, Washington, and Wolverine and Gulkana Glaciers, Alaska, shows annual and interannual fluctuations that reflect changes in the controlling climatic conditions at regional and global scales. As the mass-balance record grows in length, it is revealing significant changes in previously described glacier mass-balance behavior, and both inter-glacier and glacier-climate relationships. South Cascade and Wolverine Glaciers are strongly affected by the warm and wet maritime climate of the northeast Pacific Ocean. Their net balances have generally been controlled by winter accumulation, with fluctuations that are strongly related to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Recently, warm dry summers have begun to dominate the net balance of the two maritime glaciers, with a weakening of the correlation between the winter balance fluctuations and the PDO. Non-synchronous periods of positive and negative net balance for each glacier prior to 1989 were followed by a 1989-2004 period of synchronous and almost exclusively negative net balances that averaged -0.8 m for the three glaciers.","largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Glaciology","language":"English","doi":"10.3189/172756407782871314","issn":"02603","usgsCitation":"Josberger, E., Bidlake, W.R., March, R., and Kennedy, B., 2007, Glacier mass-balance fluctuations in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, USA, in Annals of Glaciology, v. 46, p. 291-296, https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871314.","startPage":"291","endPage":"296","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477159,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871314","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212155,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871314"}],"volume":"46","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2917e4b0c8380cd5a687","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Josberger, E.G.","contributorId":61161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bidlake, W. R.","contributorId":28953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidlake","given":"W.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"March, R.S.","contributorId":16431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"March","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kennedy, B.W.","contributorId":78772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035256,"text":"70035256 - 2007 - Pre-, syn-, and postcollisional stratigraphic framework and provenance of upper triassic-upper cretaceous strata in the northwestern talkeetna mountains, alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70035256","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pre-, syn-, and postcollisional stratigraphic framework and provenance of upper triassic-upper cretaceous strata in the northwestern talkeetna mountains, alaska","docAbstract":"Mesozoic strata of the northwestern Talkeetna Mountains are located in a regional suture zone between the allochthonous Wrangellia composite terrane and the former Mesozoic continental margin of North America (i.e., the Yukon-Tanana terrane). New geologic mapping, measured stratigraphic sections, and provenance data define a distinct three-part stratigraphy for these strata. The lowermost unit is greater than 290 m thick and consists of Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic mafic lavas, fossiliferous limestone, and a volcaniclastic unit that collectively we informally refer to as the Honolulu Pass formation. The uppermost 75 m of the Honolulu Pass formation represent a condensed stratigraphic interval that records limited sedimentation over a period of up to ca. 25 m.y. during Early Jurassic time. The contact between the Honolulu Pass formation and the overlying Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous clastic marine strata of the Kahiltna assemblage represents a ca. 20 m.y. depositional hiatus that spans the Middle Jurassic and part of Late Jurassic time. The Kahiltna assemblage may to be up to 3000 m thick and contains detrital zircons that have a robust U-Pb peak probability age of 119.2 Ma (i.e., minimum crystallization age/maximum depositional age). These data suggest that the upper age of the Kahiltna assemblage may be a minimum of 10-15 m.y. younger than the previously reported upper age of Valanginian. Sandstone composition (Q-43% F-30% L-27%-Lv-71% Lm-18% Ls-11%) and U-Pb detrital zircon ages suggest that the Kahiltna assemblage received igneous detritus mainly from the active Chisana arc, remnant Chitina and Talkeetna arcs, and Permian-Triassic plutons (Alexander terrane) of the Wrangellia composite terrane. Other sources of detritus for the Kahiltna assemblage were Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic plutons of the Taylor Mountains batholith and Devonian-Mississippian plutons; both of these source areas are part of the Yukon-Tanana terrane. The Kahiltna assemblage is overlain by previously unrecognized nonmarine strata informally referred to here as the Caribou Pass formation. This unit is at least 250 m thick and has been tentatively assigned an Albian-Cenomanian-to-younger age based on limited palynomorphs and fossil leaves. Sandstone composition (Q-65% F-9% L-26%-Lv-28% Lm-52% Ls-20%) from this unit suggests a quartz-rich metamorphic source terrane that we interpret as having been the Yukon-Tanana terrane. Collectively, provenance data indicate that there was a fundamental shift from mainly arc-related sediment derivation from sources located south of the study area during Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Aptian) time (Kahiltna assemblage) to mainly continental margin-derived sediment from sources located north and east of the study area by Albian-Cenomanian time (Caribou Pass formation). We interpret the threepart stratigraphy defined for the northwestern Talkeetna Mountains to represent pre- (the Honolulu Pass formation), syn- (the Kahiltna assemblage), and post- (the Caribou Pass formation) collision of the Wrangellia composite terrane with the Mesozoic continental margin. A similar Mesozoic stratigraphy appears to exist in other parts of south-central and southwestern Alaska along the suture zone based on previous regional mapping studies. New geologic mapping utilizing the three-part stratigraphy interprets the northwestern Talkeetna Mountains as consisting of two northwest-verging thrust sheets. Our structural interpretation is that of more localized thrust-fault imbrication of the three-part stratigraphy in contrast to previous interpretations of nappe emplacement or terrane translation that require large-scale displacements. Copyright ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2007.2431(16)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Hampton, B.A., Ridgway, K., O’Neill, J., Gehrels, G.E., Schmidt, J., and Blodgett, R.B., 2007, Pre-, syn-, and postcollisional stratigraphic framework and provenance of upper triassic-upper cretaceous strata in the northwestern talkeetna mountains, alaska: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 431, p. 401-438, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(16).","startPage":"401","endPage":"438","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215547,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(16)"},{"id":243359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a80bee4b0c8380cd7b195","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hampton, B. A.","contributorId":19798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hampton","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ridgway, K.D.","contributorId":62792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridgway","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neill, J.M.","contributorId":85562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gehrels, G. E.","contributorId":9660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gehrels","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmidt, J.","contributorId":95713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blodgett, R. B.","contributorId":25176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70035277,"text":"70035277 - 2007 - WSR-88D observations of volcanic ash","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:53","indexId":"70035277","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"WSR-88D observations of volcanic ash","docAbstract":"Conclusions that may impact operations are summarized below: ??? Current VCPs may not be optimal for the scharacterization of volcanic events. Therefore, the development of a new VCP that combines the enhanced low level elevation density and increased temporal resolution of VCP 12 with the enhanced sensitivity of VCP 31. ??? Given currently available scan strategies, this preliminary investigation would suggest that it is advisable to use VCP 12 during the initial explosive phase of an eruptive event. Once the maximum reflectivity has dropped below 30 dBZ, VCP 31 should be used. ??? This study clearly indicates that WSR-88D Level II data offers many advantages over Level III data currently available in Alaska. The ability to access this data would open up greater opportunities for research. Given the proximity of WSR-88D platforms to active volcanoes in Alaska, as well as in the western Lower 48 states and Hawaii, radar data will likely play a major operational role when volcanic eruptions again pose a threat to life and property. The utilization of this tool to its maximum capability is vital.","largerWorkTitle":"87th AMS Annual Meeting","conferenceTitle":"87th AMS Annual Meeting","conferenceDate":"14 January 2007 through 18 January 2007","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio, TX","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Wood, J., Scott, C., and Schneider, D., 2007, WSR-88D observations of volcanic ash, in 87th AMS Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, 14 January 2007 through 18 January 2007.","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243168,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc3b3e4b08c986b32b329","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, J.","contributorId":105039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, C.","contributorId":92507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schneider, D.","contributorId":52752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035283,"text":"70035283 - 2007 - Early Tertiary transtension-related deformation and magmatism along the Tintina fault system, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T14:02:08","indexId":"70035283","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early Tertiary transtension-related deformation and magmatism along the Tintina fault system, Alaska","docAbstract":"Transtensional deformation was concentrated in a zone adjacent to the Tintina strike-slip fault system in Alaska during the early Tertiary. The deformation occurred along the Victoria Creek fault, the trace of the Tintina system that connects it with the Kaltag fault; together the Tintina and Kaltag fault systems girdle Alaska from east to west. Over an area of ???25 by 70 km between the Victoria Creek and Tozitna faults, bimodal volcanics erupted; lacustrine and fluvial rocks were deposited; plutons were emplaced and deformed; and metamorphic rocks cooled, all at about the same time. Plutonic and volcanic rocks in this zone yield U-Pb zircon ages of ca. 60 Ma; 40Ar/ 39Ar cooling ages from those plutons and adjacent metamorphic rocks are also ca. 60 Ma. Although early Tertiary magmatism occurred over a broad area in central Alaska, meta- morphism and ductile deformation accompanied that magmatism in this one zone only. Within the zone of deformation, pluton aureoles and metamorphic rocks display consistent NE-SW-stretching lineations parallel to the Victoria Creek fault, suggesting that deformation processes involved subhorizontal elongation of the package. The most deeply buried metamorphic rocks, kyanite-bearing metapelites, occur as lenses adjacent to the fault, which cuts the crust to the Moho (Beaudoin et al., 1997). Geochronologic data and field relationships suggest that the amount of early Tertiary exhumation was greatest adjacent to the Victoria Creek fault. The early Tertiary crustal-scale events that may have operated to produce transtension in this area are (1) increased heat flux and related bimodal within-plate magmatism, (2) movement on a releasing stepover within the Tintina fault system or on a regional scale involving both the Tintina and the Kobuk fault systems, and (3) oroclinal bending of the Tintina-Kaltag fault system with counterclockwise rotation of western Alaska. ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America. All rights reserved.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2007.2434(11)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Till, A., Roeske, S.M., Bradley, D.C., Friedman, R., and Layer, P., 2007, Early Tertiary transtension-related deformation and magmatism along the Tintina fault system, Alaska: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, v. 434, p. 233-264, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2434(11).","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"264","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215460,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2434(11)"}],"volume":"434","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a047fe4b0c8380cd50a05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Till, A.B.","contributorId":37755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roeske, S. M.","contributorId":96865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roeske","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradley, D. C.","contributorId":17634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friedman, R.","contributorId":22557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Layer, P.W.","contributorId":42398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layer","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70035386,"text":"70035386 - 2007 - The geophysical character of southern Alaska - Implications for crustal evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T16:53:29","indexId":"70035386","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The geophysical character of southern Alaska - Implications for crustal evolution","docAbstract":"The southern Alaska continental margin has undergone a long and complicated history of plate convergence, subduction, accretion, and margin-parallel displacements. The crustal character of this continental margin is discernible through combined analysis of aeromagnetic and gravity data with key constraints from previous seismic interpretation. Regional magnetic data are particularly useful in defining broad geophysical domains. One of these domains, the south Alaska magnetic high, is the focus of this study. It is an intense and continuous magnetic high up to 200 km wide and ∼1500 km long extending from the Canadian border in the Wrangell Mountains west and southwest through Cook Inlet to the Bering Sea shelf. Crustal thickness beneath the south Alaska magnetic high is commonly 40–50 km. Gravity analysis indicates that the south Alaska magnetic high crust is dense. The south Alaska magnetic high spatially coincides with the Peninsular and Wrangellia terranes. The thick, dense, and magnetic character of this domain requires significant amounts of mafic rocks at intermediate to deep crustal levels. In Wrangellia these mafic rocks are likely to have been emplaced during Middle and (or) Late Triassic Nikolai Greenstone volcanism. In the Peninsular terrane, the most extensive period of mafic magmatism now known was associated with the Early Jurassic Talkeetna Formation volcanic arc. Thus the thick, dense, and magnetic character of the south Alaska magnetic high crust apparently developed as the response to mafic magmatism in both extensional (Wrangellia) and subduction-related arc (Peninsular terrane) settings. The south Alaska magnetic high is therefore a composite crustal feature. At least in Wrangellia, the crust was probably of average thickness (30 km) or greater prior to Triassic mafic magmatism. Up to 20 km (40%) of its present thickness may be due to the addition of Triassic mafic magmas. Throughout the south Alaska magnetic high, significant crustal growth was caused by the addition of mafic magmas at intermediate to deep crustal levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2007.2431(01)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Saltus, R.W., Hudson, T.L., and Wilson, F.H., 2007, The geophysical character of southern Alaska - Implications for crustal evolution: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, v. 431, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(01).","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215525,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(01)"}],"volume":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac81e4b08c986b32353d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saltus, R. W.","contributorId":85588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"R.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudson, T. L.","contributorId":13992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035387,"text":"70035387 - 2007 - Detrital zircon geochronology of some neoproterozoic to triassic rocks in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T12:23:41.724548","indexId":"70035387","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detrital zircon geochronology of some neoproterozoic to triassic rocks in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geolgical Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2007.2431(07)","usgsCitation":"Bradley, D.C., McClelland, W., Wooden, J.L., Till, A., Roeske, S.M., Miller, M.L., Karl, S.M., and Abbott, J., 2007, Detrital zircon geochronology of some neoproterozoic to triassic rocks in interior Alaska: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 431, p. 155-189, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(07).","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"189","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fffee4b0c8380cd4f50c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, D. C.","contributorId":17634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClelland, W.C.","contributorId":66929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClelland","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Till, A.B.","contributorId":37755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roeske, S. M.","contributorId":96865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roeske","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Karl, Susan M. 0000-0003-1559-7826 skarl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-7826","contributorId":502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Susan","email":"skarl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Abbott, J.G.","contributorId":47188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70174300,"text":"70174300 - 2007 - Adjusting for telemetry bias in behavior data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T17:50:34","indexId":"70174300","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Adjusting for telemetry bias in behavior data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Alaska Chapter of the American Statistical Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Annual Meeting of the Alaska Chapter of the American Statistical Association","conferenceDate":"July 24-26, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"American Statistical Association","usgsCitation":"Udevitz, M.S., Jay, C.V., Fischbach, A.S., and Garlich-Miller, J.L., 2007, Adjusting for telemetry bias in behavior data, in Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Alaska Chapter of the American Statistical Association, Anchorage, AK, July 24-26, 2007.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324819,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"577f7d2de4b0ef4d2f45fa92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischbach, Anthony S. 0000-0002-6555-865X afischbach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X","contributorId":2865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischbach","given":"Anthony","email":"afischbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garlich-Miller, Joel L.","contributorId":10696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garlich-Miller","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70174301,"text":"70174301 - 2007 - Dietary and spatial overlap between sympatric ursids relative to salmon use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T17:35:06.86194","indexId":"70174301","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dietary and spatial overlap between sympatric ursids relative to salmon use","docAbstract":"We hypothesized that there would be minimal dietary overlap between sympatric brown bears (Ursus arctos) and American black bears (U. americanus) relative to salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) utilization when alternative foods (e.g., fruits) are abundant. To maximize the chance that we would reject this hypothesis, we examined the diets of brown and black bears known to have visited salmon streams. Species, sex, and individual identification of bears visiting salmon streams were determined by DNA analysis of hair and feces collected in 2002-2004 along those streams. Diets were estimated from fecal residues and stable isotope analyses of hair. Assimilated diets of brown bears were 66.0% (SD = 16.7%) salmon, 13.9% (SD = 7.5%) terrestrial animal matter, and 20.1% (SD = 17.2%) plant matter. Assimilated diets of black bears were 8.0% (SD = 5.4%)salmon, 8.4% (SD = 9.7%) terrestrial animal matter, and 83.6% (SD = 7.7%) plant matter. Male and female brown bears did not differ in either the proportion of dietary salmon, terrestrial animal matter, or plant matter. The relative amounts of fruit residues in the feces of brown bears (87.0%, SD = 15.2%) and black bears (91.8%, SD = 7.2%) did not differ. Both sexes of brown bears visited salmon streams and consumed significant amounts of salmon, but only male American black bears visited streams and then consumed minimal amounts of salmon. Thus, brown bears were largely carnivorous and black bears were largely herbivorous and frugivorous. This reduced dietary overlap relative to salmon and fruit use is understandable in light of the concentrated, defendable nature of salmon in small streams, the widely dispersed, non-defendable nature of abundant fruits, the dominance of brown over black bears, the higher energy requirement of the larger brown bear, and, therefore, the differing ability of the species to efficiently exploit different food resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.2192/1537-6176(2007)18[19:DASOBS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Fortin, J., Farley, S.D., Rode, K.D., and Robbins, C.T., 2007, Dietary and spatial overlap between sympatric ursids relative to salmon use: Ursus, v. 18, no. 1, p. 19-29, https://doi.org/10.2192/1537-6176(2007)18[19:DASOBS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2192/1537-6176(2007)18[19:dasobs]2.0.co;2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":324821,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"577f7d2ee4b0ef4d2f45faa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fortin, Jennifer K. jfortin-noreus@usgs.gov","contributorId":5419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortin","given":"Jennifer K.","email":"jfortin-noreus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":641733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farley, Sean D.","contributorId":27642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farley","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robbins, Charles T.","contributorId":32436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robbins","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5132,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030204,"text":"70030204 - 2007 - Regional magnetic anomalies, crustal strength, and the location of the northern Cordilleran fold-and-thrust belt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030204","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional magnetic anomalies, crustal strength, and the location of the northern Cordilleran fold-and-thrust belt","docAbstract":"The northern Cordilleran fold-and-thrust belt in Canada and Alaska is at the boundary between the broad continental margin mobile belt and the stable North American craton. The fold-and-thrust belt is marked by several significant changes in geometry: cratonward extensions in the central Yukon Territory and northeastern Alaska are separated by marginward re-entrants. These geometric features of the Cordilleran mobile belt are controlled by relations between lithospheric strength and compressional tectonic forces developed along the continental margin. Regional magnetic anomalies indicate deep thermal and compositional characteristics that contribute to variations in crustal strength. Our detailed analysis of one such anomaly, the North Slope deep magnetic high, helps to explain the geometry of the fold-and-thrust front in northern Alaska. This large magnetic anomaly is inferred to reflect voluminous mafic magmatism in an old (Devonian?) extensional domain. The presence of massive amounts of malic material in the lower crust implies geochemical depletion of the underlying upper mantle, which serves to strengthen the lithosphere against thermal erosion by upper mantle convection. We infer that deep-source magnetic highs are an important indicator of strong lower crust and upper mantle. This stronger lithosphere forms buttresses that play an important role in the structural development of the northern Cordilleran fold-and-thrust belt. ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G23470A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Saltus, R.W., and Hudson, T.L., 2007, Regional magnetic anomalies, crustal strength, and the location of the northern Cordilleran fold-and-thrust belt: Geology, v. 35, no. 6, p. 567-570, https://doi.org/10.1130/G23470A.1.","startPage":"567","endPage":"570","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211824,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G23470A.1"}],"volume":"35","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a538e4b0e8fec6cdbd96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saltus, R. W.","contributorId":85588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"R.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudson, T. L.","contributorId":13992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030203,"text":"70030203 - 2007 - Young cumulate complex beneath Veniaminof caldera, Aleutian arc, dated by zircon in erupted plutonic blocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-07T11:19:17.056569","indexId":"70030203","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Young cumulate complex beneath Veniaminof caldera, Aleutian arc, dated by zircon in erupted plutonic blocks","docAbstract":"Mount Veniaminof volcano, Alaska Peninsula, provides an opportunity to relate Quaternary volcanic rocks to a coeval intrusive complex. Veniaminof erupted tholeiitic basalt through dacite in the past ∼260 k.y. Gabbro, diorite, and miarolitic granodiorite blocks, ejected 3700 14C yr B.P. in the most recent caldera-forming eruption, are fragments of a shallow intrusive complex of cumulate mush and segregated vapor-saturated residual melts. Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) analyses define 238U-230Th isochron ages of 17.6 ± 2.7 ka, 5 +11/–10 ka, and 10.2 ± 4.0 ka (2σ) for zircon in two granodiorites and a diorite, respectively. Sparse zircons from two gabbros give 238U-230Th model ages of 36 ± 8 ka and 26 ± 7 ka. Zircons from granodiorite and diorite crystallized in the presence of late magmatic aqueous fluid. Although historic eruptions have been weakly explosive Strombolian fountaining and small lava effusions, the young ages of plutonic blocks, as well as late Holocene dacite pumice, are evidence that the intrusive complex remains active and that evolved magmas can segregate at shallow levels to fuel explosive eruptions.
[1] Perfettini et al. (2005) suggested that the temporal dependence of surface displacements u(t) measured in the epicentral area following an earthquake is related to N(t), the cumulative number of aftershocks, by the equation u(t) = a + bt + cN(t) + d(1 − e−αt), where a, b, c, d, and α are constants chosen to fit the data and t is the postearthquake time. N(t) appears in the expression for u(t) because both the aftershocks and a portion of u(t) are thought to be driven by the same source, postseismic fault creep at subseismogenic depths on the downdip extension of the coseismic rupture. We show that this equation with the actually observed N(t) fits the postseismic displacements recorded on several baselines following each of five earthquakes: 1999 M7.6 Chi-Chi (Taiwan), 1999 M7.1 Hector Mine (southern California), 2002 M7.9 Denali (central Alaska), 2003 M6.5 San Simeon (central California), and 2004 M6.0 Parkfield (central California) earthquakes. Although there are plausible physical interpretations for each of the terms in the expression for u(t), the large number of adjustable constants (a, b, c, d, and α) involved in fitting the rather simple postseismic displacements diminishes the significance of the fit. Because the observed N(t) is well fit by the modified Omori's law, fault creep at depth presumably exhibits the same temporal dependence. That dependence could be explained if the rheology of the fault downdip from the coseismic rupture is consistent with ordinary transient creep. Montesi (2004) demonstrated that power law creep across a shear zone at depth would also produce that temporal signal.
We compared body size and mass of the whole body, organs, adipose tissue, and muscles of adult Pacific Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans (Lawrence, 1846)) collected concurrently in Alaska and Baja California during the fall, winter, and spring of 2002–2003. Head and tarsal lengths of males were similar between sites and slightly larger for females in Alaska than in Baja California. Brant appear to operate under similar physiological bounds, but patterns of nutrient allocation differ between sites. Birds wintering in Alaska lost similar amounts of adipose tissue during early winter as birds in Baja California gained during late winter before migration. Masses of the body, adipose tissue, and flight muscles during mid-winter were similar between sites. Seasonal adipose tissue deposition may, therefore, equally favor winter residency or long-distance migration. Gonad and liver masses increased in late winter for birds in Alaska but not for those in Baja California, suggesting birds wintering in Baja may delay reproductive development in favor of allocating reserves needed for migration. Phenotypic flexibility allows Brant to use widely divergent wintering sites. The wintering location of Brant likely depends more upon changes in environmental conditions and food availability, than upon physiological differences between the two wintering populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/Z07-050","issn":"00084301","usgsCitation":"Mason, D., Barboza, P., and Ward, D.H., 2007, Mass dynamics of wintering Pacific Black Brant: Body, adipose tissue, organ, and muscle masses vary with location: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 85, no. 6, p. 728-736, https://doi.org/10.1139/Z07-050.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"728","endPage":"736","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Alaska, Baja California","volume":"85","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a524de4b0c8380cd6c2f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mason, D.D.","contributorId":13426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barboza, P.S.","contributorId":44261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barboza","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030055,"text":"70030055 - 2007 - Recovery of three arctic stream reaches from experimental nutrient enrichment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70030055","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recovery of three arctic stream reaches from experimental nutrient enrichment","docAbstract":"1. Nutrient enrichment and resulting eutrophication is a widespread anthropogenic influence on freshwater ecosystems, but recovery from nutrient enrichment is poorly understood, especially in stream environments. We examined multi-year patterns in community recovery from experimental low-concentration nutrient enrichment (N + P or P only) in three reaches of two Arctic tundra streams (Kuparuk River and Oksrukuyik Creek) on the North Slope of Alaska (U.S.A.). 2. Rates of recovery varied among community components and depended on duration of enrichment (2-13 consecutive growing seasons). Biomass of epilithic algae returned to reference levels rapidly (within 2 years), regardless of nutrients added or enrichment duration. Aquatic bryophyte cover, which increased greatly in the Kuparuk River only after long-term enrichment (8 years), took 8 years of recovery to approach reference levels, after storms had scoured most remnant moss in the recovering reach. 3. Multi-year persistence of bryophytes in the Kuparuk River appeared to prevent recovery of insect populations that had either been positively (e.g. the mayfly Ephemerella, most chironomid midge taxa) or negatively (e.g. the tube-building chironomid Orthocladius rivulorum) affected by this shift in dominant primary producer. These lags in recovery (of >3 years) were probably driven by the persistent effect of bryophytes on physical benthic habitat. 4. Summer growth rates of Arctic grayling (both adults and young-of-year) in Oksrukuyik Creek (fertilised for 6 years with no bryophyte colonisation), which were consistently increased by nutrient addition, returned to reference rates within 1-2 years. 5. Rates of recovery of these virtually pristine Arctic stream ecosystems from low-level nutrient enrichment appeared to be controlled largely by duration of enrichment, mediated through physical habitat shifts caused by eventual bryophyte colonisation, and subsequent physical disturbance that removed bryophytes. Nutrient enrichment of oligotrophic Arctic stream ecosystems caused by climate change or local anthropogenic activity may have dramatic and persistent consequences if it results in the colonisation of long-lived primary producers that alter physical habitat. ?? 2007 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01723.x","issn":"00465070","usgsCitation":"Benstead, J., Green, A., Deegan, L.A., Peterson, B.J., Slavik, K., Bowden, W., and Hershey, A., 2007, Recovery of three arctic stream reaches from experimental nutrient enrichment: Freshwater Biology, v. 52, no. 6, p. 1077-1089, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01723.x.","startPage":"1077","endPage":"1089","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212988,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01723.x"},{"id":240564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a344e4b0e8fec6cdb7eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benstead, J.P.","contributorId":107892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benstead","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, A.C.","contributorId":48391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deegan, Linda A.","contributorId":34094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deegan","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":27818,"text":"The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA 02543.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, B. J.","contributorId":53749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Slavik, K.","contributorId":83744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slavik","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bowden, W.B.","contributorId":83237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowden","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hershey, A.E.","contributorId":58469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershey","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70030054,"text":"70030054 - 2007 - Intertidal sand body migration along a megatidal coast, Kachemak Bay, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-03T11:29:15.58499","indexId":"70030054","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intertidal sand body migration along a megatidal coast, Kachemak Bay, Alaska","docAbstract":"[1] Using a digital video-based Argus Beach Monitoring System (ABMS) on the north shore of Kachemak Bay in south central Alaska, we document the timing and magnitude of alongshore migration of intertidal sand bed forms over a cobble substrate during a 22-month observation period. Two separate sediment packages (sand bodies) of 1–2 m amplitude and ∼200 m wavelength, consisting of well-sorted sand, were observed to travel along shore at annually averaged rates of 278 m/yr (0.76 m/d) and 250 m/yr (0.68 m/d), respectively. Strong seasonality in migration rates was shown by the contrast of rapid winter and slow summer transport. Though set in a megatidal environment, data indicate that sand body migration is driven by eastward propagating wind waves as opposed to net westward directed tidal currents. Greatest weekly averaged rates of movement, exceeding 6 m/d, coincided with wave heights exceeding 2 m suggesting a correlation of wave height and sand body migration. Because Kachemak Bay is partially enclosed, waves responsible for sediment entrainment and transport are locally generated by winds that blow across lower Cook Inlet from the southwest, the direction of greatest fetch. Our estimates of sand body migration translate to a littoral transport rate between 4,400–6,300 m3/yr. Assuming an enclosed littoral cell, minimal riverine sediment contributions, and a sea cliff sedimentary fraction of 0.05, we estimate long-term local sea cliff retreat rates of 9–14 cm/yr. Applying a numerical model of wave energy dissipation to the temporally variable beach morphology suggests that sand bodies are responsible for enhancing wave energy dissipation by ∼13% offering protection from sea cliff retreat.
Ringed seals (Phoca hispida Schreber, 1775 = Pusa hispida (Schreber, 1775)) and bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus (Erxleben, 1777)) represent the majority of the polar bear (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) annual diet. However, remains of lower trophic level bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus L., 1758) are available in the southern Beaufort Sea and their dietary contribution to polar bears has been unknown. We used stable isotope (13C/12C, δ13C, 15N/14N, and δ15N) analysis to determine the diet composition of polar bears sampled along Alaska’s Beaufort Sea coast in March and April 2003 and 2004. The mean δ15N values of polar bear blood cells were 19.5‰ (SD = 0.7‰) in 2003 and 19.9‰ (SD = 0.7‰) in 2004. Mixing models indicated bowhead whales composed 11%–26% (95% CI) of the diets of sampled polar bears in 2003, and 0%–14% (95% CI) in 2004. This suggests significant variability in the proportion of lower trophic level prey in polar bear diets among individuals and between years. Polar bears depend on sea ice for hunting seals, and the temporal and spatial availabilities of sea ice are projected to decline. Consumption of low trophic level foods documented here suggests bears may increasingly scavenge such foods in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/Z07-036","issn":"00084301","usgsCitation":"Bentzen, T., Follmann, E.H., Amstrup, S.C., York, G., Wooller, M.J., and O'Hara, T., 2007, Variation in winter diet of southern Beaufort Sea polar bears inferred from stable isotope analysis: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 85, no. 5, p. 596-608, https://doi.org/10.1139/Z07-036.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"596","endPage":"608","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212819,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/Z07-036"}],"volume":"85","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc16ce4b08c986b32a577","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bentzen, T.W.","contributorId":97324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bentzen","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Follmann, Erich H.","contributorId":24828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Follmann","given":"Erich","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"York, G.S.","contributorId":103857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wooller, M. J.","contributorId":17049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O'Hara, T. M.","contributorId":64610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Hara","given":"T. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029998,"text":"70029998 - 2007 - Coupling contaminants with demography: Effects of lead and selenium in Pacific common eiders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-13T12:34:44","indexId":"70029998","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coupling contaminants with demography: Effects of lead and selenium in Pacific common eiders","docAbstract":"We coupled intensive population monitoring with collection of blood samples from 383 nesting Pacific common eiders (Somateria mollisima v-nigrum) at two locations in Alaska (USA) from 2002 to 2004. We investigated annual, geographic, and within-season variation in blood concentrations of lead and selenium; compared exposure patterns with sympatrically nesting spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri); and examined relationships with clutch size, egg viability, probability of hatching, and apparent survival of adult females. Lead concentrations were elevated in 3.6% of females, and all individuals exhibited elevated selenium, most (81%) at concentrations associated with death in captive waterfowl. Blood lead and selenium concentrations varied both within and among site-years and were lower than those of spectacled eiders. During incubation, blood lead concentrations in females increased significantly (possibly via re-release of stored lead from bone), whereas selenium concentrations decreased (likely because of natural excretion). Probability of a nest containing at least one nonviable egg was positively related to blood selenium in hens, but adverse effects in other life-history variables were not supported. Although reproduction appeared to be sensitive to selenium toxicity, our data suggest that high rates of nonviability are unlikely in this population and that selenium-related reductions to clutch size would be inconsequential at the scale of overall population dynamics. We conclude that Pacific common eiders and other wild marine birds likely have higher selenium tolerances than freshwater species and that interspecific differences in exposure levels may reflect differences in reproductive strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/06-537R.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Wilson, H., Flint, P.L., and Powell, A., 2007, Coupling contaminants with demography: Effects of lead and selenium in Pacific common eiders: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 7, p. 1410-1417, https://doi.org/10.1897/06-537R.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1410","endPage":"1417","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240187,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212665,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/06-537R.1"}],"volume":"26","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc8ce4b0c8380cd4e2ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, H.M.","contributorId":37306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, A.N.","contributorId":66194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029980,"text":"70029980 - 2007 - Using a bioenergetic model to assess growth reduction from catch-and-release fishing and hooking injury in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-31T13:43:22","indexId":"70029980","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using a bioenergetic model to assess growth reduction from catch-and-release fishing and hooking injury in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss","docAbstract":"A bioenergetic model was used to predict the potential effects of feeding cessation caused by catch-and-release capture and a reduction in feeding efficiency from hooking injuries on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), growth in southwest Alaska, USA. Simulations indicated that a 1-day feeding cessation for a rainbow trout captured one to two times during summer months resulted in deviations from expected growth of −3% to −15%. To represent debilitating hooking injuries, the proportion of the maximum feeding potential was decreased by 5–50% resulting in deviations from expected growth of −9% to −164%. Simulated growth effects were most prominent from captures during months when salmon eggs and flesh constituted the majority of the trout diet. Simulated growth effects from reduced foraging efficiency were most prominent when hooking injuries occurred early in the fishing season. These simulations suggest that rainbow trout are most vulnerable to decreases in growth when salmon are abundant and spawning and, coincidentally, during the months when most fishing occurs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2400.2007.00533.x","issn":"0969997X","usgsCitation":"Meka, J.M., and Margraf, F., 2007, Using a bioenergetic model to assess growth reduction from catch-and-release fishing and hooking injury in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 14, no. 2, p. 131-139, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2007.00533.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"139","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212898,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2007.00533.x"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc023e4b08c986b329f54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meka, Julie M.","contributorId":44713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meka","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Margraf, F.J.","contributorId":47738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margraf","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029935,"text":"70029935 - 2007 - Flyway-scale variation in plasma triglyceride levels as an index of refueling rate in spring-migrating western sandpipers (Calidris mauri)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T16:28:55","indexId":"70029935","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flyway-scale variation in plasma triglyceride levels as an index of refueling rate in spring-migrating western sandpipers (Calidris mauri)","docAbstract":"We combined radiotelemetry, plasma metabolite analyses, and macro-invertebrate prey sampling to investigate variation in putative fattening rates (estimated as plasma triglyceride levels) at the flyway scale in Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) migrating between Punta Banda, Mexico (31°N), and Hartney Bay, Alaska (60°N), a distance of 4,240 km. Birds were caught at a wintering site (San Francisco Bay) and eight stopover sites along this Pacific Flyway. Body mass was higher in females than in males at six sites, but variation was not correlated with latitude for either sex, and the relationship of change in mass by date within sites was uninformative with regard to possible latitudinal variation in fattening rates. At San Francisco Bay, triglyceride levels were higher in the spring than in the winter. Mean plasma triglyceride varied among stopover sites, and there was a significant linear trend of increasing triglyceride levels with latitude as birds migrated north. At San Francisco Bay, length of stay was negatively related to triglyceride levels. However, plasma triglyceride levels at wintering or initial stopover sites (San Francisco and Punta Banda) did not predict individual variation in subsequent rates of travel during migration. We found no significant relationship between triglyceride levels and prey biomass at different stopover sites, which suggests that the latitudinal pattern is not explained by latitudinal changes in food availability. Rather, we suggest that differences in physiology of migratory birds at southern versus northern stopover sites or behavioral differences may allow birds to sustain higher fattening rates closer to the breeding grounds.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[886:FVIPTL]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Williams, T., Warnock, N., Takekawa, J.Y., and Bishop, M., 2007, Flyway-scale variation in plasma triglyceride levels as an index of refueling rate in spring-migrating western sandpipers (Calidris mauri): The Auk, v. 124, no. 3, p. 886-897, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[886:FVIPTL]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"886","endPage":"897","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12aae4b0c8380cd543c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, T.D.","contributorId":53968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6953,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":424966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warnock, N.","contributorId":80615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warnock","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":424967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bishop, M.A.","contributorId":95426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}