{"pageNumber":"151","pageRowStart":"3750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10458,"records":[{"id":70134312,"text":"70134312 - 2014 - Aboveground allometric models for freeze-affected black mangroves (Avicennia germinans): Equations for a climate sensitive mangrove-marsh ecotone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-31T20:21:16.752585","indexId":"70134312","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-27T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Aboveground allometric models for freeze-affected black mangroves (<i>Avicennia germinans</i>): Equations for a climate sensitive mangrove-marsh ecotone","title":"Aboveground allometric models for freeze-affected black mangroves (Avicennia germinans): Equations for a climate sensitive mangrove-marsh ecotone","docAbstract":"<p><span>Across the globe, species distributions are changing in response to climate change and land use change. In parts of the southeastern United States, climate change is expected to result in the poleward range expansion of black mangroves (</span><i>Avicennia germinans</i><span>) at the expense of some salt marsh vegetation. The morphology of&nbsp;</span><i>A. germinans</i><span>&nbsp;at its northern range limit is more shrub-like than in tropical climes in part due to the aboveground structural damage and vigorous multi-stem regrowth triggered by extreme winter temperatures. In this study, we developed aboveground allometric equations for freeze-affected black mangroves which can be used to quantify: (1) total aboveground biomass; (2) leaf biomass; (3) stem plus branch biomass; and (4) leaf area. Plant volume (i.e., a combination of crown area and plant height) was selected as the optimal predictor of the four response variables. We expect that our simple measurements and equations can be adapted for use in other mangrove ecosystems located in abiotic settings that result in mangrove individuals with dwarf or shrub-like morphologies including oligotrophic and arid environments. Many important ecological functions and services are affected by changes in coastal wetland plant community structure and productivity including carbon storage, nutrient cycling, coastal protection, recreation, fish and avian habitat, and ecosystem response to sea level rise and extreme climatic events. Coastal scientists in the southeastern United States can use the identified allometric equations, in combination with easily obtained and non-destructive plant volume measurements, to better quantify and monitor ecological change within the dynamic, climate sensitive, and highly-productive mangrove-marsh ecotone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0099604","usgsCitation":"Osland, M.J., Day, R.H., Larriviere, J.C., and From, A.S., 2014, Aboveground allometric models for freeze-affected black mangroves (Avicennia germinans): Equations for a climate sensitive mangrove-marsh ecotone: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 6, e99604, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099604.","productDescription":"e99604, 7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055156","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099604","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296371,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","city":"Port Fourchon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.7635498046875,\n              28.924035288388865\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.20074462890625,\n              28.924035288388865\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.20074462890625,\n              29.450360671054415\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.7635498046875,\n              29.450360671054415\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.7635498046875,\n              28.924035288388865\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ee2bae4b09357f05f8a3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osland, Michael J. 0000-0001-9902-8692 mosland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9902-8692","contributorId":3080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osland","given":"Michael","email":"mosland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, Richard H. 0000-0002-5959-7054 dayr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-7054","contributorId":2427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Richard","email":"dayr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larriviere, Jack C. jlarriviere@usgs.gov","contributorId":5839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larriviere","given":"Jack","email":"jlarriviere@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"From, Andrew S. 0000-0002-6543-2627 froma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-2627","contributorId":5038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"From","given":"Andrew","email":"froma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70160091,"text":"70160091 - 2014 - Modeling turbidity type and intensity effects on the growth and starvation mortality of age-0 yellow perch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-11T16:52:18","indexId":"70160091","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling turbidity type and intensity effects on the growth and starvation mortality of age-0 yellow perch","docAbstract":"<p>We sought to quantify the possible population-level influence of sediment plumes and algal blooms on yellow perch (Perca flavescens), a visual predator found in systems with dynamic water clarity. We used an individual-based model (IBM), which allowed us to include variance in water clarity and the distribution of individual sizes. Our IBM was built with laboratory data showing that larval yellow perch feeding rates increased slightly as sediment turbidity level increased, but that both larval and juvenile yellow perch feeding rates decreased as phytoplankton level increased. Our IBM explained a majority of the variance in yellow perch length in data from the western and central basins of Lake Erie and Oneida Lake, with R2 values ranging from 0.611 to 0.742. Starvation mortality was size dependent, as the greatest daily mortality rates in each simulation occurred within days of each other. Our model showed that turbidity-dependent consumption rates and temperature are key components in determining growth and starvation mortality of age-0 yellow perch, linking fish production to land-based processes that influence water clarity. These results suggest the timing and persistence of sediment plumes and algal blooms can drastically alter the growth potential and starvation mortality of a yellow perch cohort.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2013-0528","collaboration":"University of Toledo; Ohio Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Manning, N.M., Bossenbroek, J.M., Mayer, C.M., Bunnell, D., Tyson, J.T., Rudstam, L.G., and Jackson, J.R., 2014, Modeling turbidity type and intensity effects on the growth and starvation mortality of age-0 yellow perch: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 71, no. 10, p. 1544-1553, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0528.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1544","endPage":"1553","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049840","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science 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B.","email":"dbunnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tyson, Jeff T.","contributorId":68430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyson","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rudstam, Lars G.","contributorId":56609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jackson, James R.","contributorId":55709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell 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,{"id":70188052,"text":"70188052 - 2014 - Differentiating moss from higher plants is critical in studying the carbon cycle of the boreal biome","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T16:12:50","indexId":"70188052","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differentiating moss from higher plants is critical in studying the carbon cycle of the boreal biome","docAbstract":"<p><span>The satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), which is used for estimating gross primary production (GPP), often includes contributions from both mosses and vascular plants in boreal ecosystems. For the same NDVI, moss can generate only about one-third of the GPP that vascular plants can because of its much lower photosynthetic capacity. Here, based on eddy covariance measurements, we show that the difference in photosynthetic capacity between these two plant functional types has never been explicitly included when estimating regional GPP in the boreal region, resulting in a substantial overestimation. The magnitude of this overestimation could have important implications regarding a change from a current carbon sink to a carbon source in the boreal region. Moss abundance, associated with ecosystem disturbances, needs to be mapped and incorporated into GPP estimates in order to adequately assess the role of the boreal region in the global carbon cycle.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/ncomms5270","usgsCitation":"Yuan, W., Liu, S., Dong, W., Liang, S., Zhao, S., Chen, J., Xu, W., Li, X., Barr, A., Black, T.A., Yan, W., Goulden, M., Kulmala, L., Lindroth, A., Margolis, H.A., Matsuura, Y., Moors, E., van der Molen, M., Ohta, T., Pilegaard, K., Varlagin, A., and Vesala, T., 2014, Differentiating moss from higher plants is critical in studying the carbon cycle of the boreal biome: Nature Communications, v. 5, Article 4270: 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5270.","productDescription":"Article 4270: 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-054943","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5270","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341879,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592e84c8e4b092b266f10db6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuan, Wenping","contributorId":83435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"Wenping","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Shuguang 0000-0002-6027-3479 sliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3479","contributorId":147403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shuguang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dong, Wenjie","contributorId":192433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dong","given":"Wenjie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liang, Shunlin","contributorId":192428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liang","given":"Shunlin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhao, Shuqing","contributorId":9152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"Shuqing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chen, Jingming","contributorId":192434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Jingming","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Xu, Wenfang","contributorId":192430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Wenfang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Li, Xianglan","contributorId":192435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Xianglan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barr, Alan","contributorId":192436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barr","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Black, T. Andrew","contributorId":192437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Black","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Yan, Wende","contributorId":192438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yan","given":"Wende","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Goulden, Michael","contributorId":192006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goulden","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kulmala, Liisa","contributorId":192439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kulmala","given":"Liisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Lindroth, Anders","contributorId":192440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindroth","given":"Anders","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Margolis, Hank A.","contributorId":192441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Margolis","given":"Hank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Matsuura, Yojiro","contributorId":192442,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matsuura","given":"Yojiro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Moors, Eddy","contributorId":192443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moors","given":"Eddy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"van der Molen, Michiel","contributorId":192444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van der Molen","given":"Michiel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Ohta, Takeshi","contributorId":192445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ohta","given":"Takeshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Pilegaard, Kim","contributorId":192446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pilegaard","given":"Kim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Varlagin, Andrej","contributorId":192447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varlagin","given":"Andrej","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Vesala, Timo","contributorId":192448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vesala","given":"Timo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}}
,{"id":70114455,"text":"70114455 - 2014 - Interpretation of high-resolution imagery for detecting vegetation cover composition change after fuels reduction treatments in woodlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-25T16:23:38","indexId":"70114455","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-25T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpretation of high-resolution imagery for detecting vegetation cover composition change after fuels reduction treatments in woodlands","docAbstract":"The use of very high resolution (VHR; ground sampling distances < ∼5 cm) aerial imagery to estimate site vegetation cover and to detect changes from management has been well documented. However, as the purpose of monitoring is to document change over time, the ability to detect changes from imagery at the same or better level of accuracy and precision as those measured in situ must be assessed for image-based techniques to become reliable tools for ecosystem monitoring. Our objective with this study was to quantify the relationship between field-measured and image-interpreted changes in vegetation and ground cover measured one year apart in a Piñon and Juniper (P–J) woodland in southern Utah, USA. The study area was subject to a variety of fuel removal treatments between 2009 and 2010. We measured changes in plant community composition and ground cover along transects in a control area and three different treatments prior to and following P–J removal. We compared these measurements to vegetation composition and change based on photo-interpretation of ∼4 cm ground sampling distance imagery along similar transects. Estimates of cover were similar between field-based and image-interpreted methods in 2009 and 2010 for woody vegetation, no vegetation, herbaceous vegetation, and litter (including woody litter). Image-interpretation slightly overestimated cover for woody vegetation and no-vegetation classes (average difference between methods of 1.34% and 5.85%) and tended to underestimate cover for herbaceous vegetation and litter (average difference of −5.18% and 0.27%), but the differences were significant only for litter cover in 2009. Level of agreement between the field-measurements and image-interpretation was good for woody vegetation and no-vegetation classes (r between 0.47 and 0.89), but generally poorer for herbaceous vegetation and litter (r between 0.18 and 0.81) likely due to differences in image quality by year and the difficulty in discriminating fine vegetation and litter in imagery. Our results show that image interpretation to detect vegetation changes has utility for monitoring fuels reduction treatments in terms of woody vegetation and no-vegetation classes. The benefits of this technique are that it provides objective and repeatable measurements of site conditions that could be implemented relatively inexpensively and easily without the need for highly specialized software or technical expertise. Perhaps the biggest limitations of image interpretation to monitoring fuels treatments are challenges in estimating litter and herbaceous vegetation cover and the sensitivity of herbaceous cover estimates to image quality and shadowing.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.05.017","usgsCitation":"Karl, J., Gillan, J.K., Barger, N., Herrick, J.E., and Duniway, M.C., 2014, Interpretation of high-resolution imagery for detecting vegetation cover composition change after fuels reduction treatments in woodlands: Ecological Indicators, v. 45, p. 570-578, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.05.017.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"570","endPage":"578","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-052454","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289059,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.05.017"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.561994,37.983039 ], [ -109.561994,37.993271 ], [ -109.554012,37.993271 ], [ -109.554012,37.983039 ], [ -109.561994,37.983039 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53abe154e4b0dad35f8e8ca6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karl, Jason W.","contributorId":22616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Jason W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gillan, Jeffrey K.","contributorId":51656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillan","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barger, Nichole N.","contributorId":102392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barger","given":"Nichole N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herrick, Jeffrey E.","contributorId":26054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrick","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12627,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":495320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70125291,"text":"70125291 - 2014 - Testing for multiple invasion routes and source populations for the invasive brown treesnake (<i>Boiga irregularis</i>) on Guam: implications for pest management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-16T11:50:47","indexId":"70125291","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-19T11:49:46","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing for multiple invasion routes and source populations for the invasive brown treesnake (<i>Boiga irregularis</i>) on Guam: implications for pest management","docAbstract":"The brown treesnake (<i>Boiga irregularis</i>) population on the Pacific island of Guam has reached iconic status as one of the most destructive invasive species of modern times, yet no published works have used genetic data to identify a source population. We used DNA sequence data from multiple genetic markers and coalescent-based phylogenetic methods to place the Guam population within the broader phylogeographic context of <i>B. irregularis</i> across its native range and tested whether patterns of genetic variation on the island are consistent with one or multiple introductions from different source populations. We also modeled a series of demographic scenarios that differed in the effective size and duration of a population bottleneck immediately following the invasion on Guam, and measured the fit of these simulations to the observed data using approximate Bayesian computation. Our results exclude the possibility of serial introductions from different source populations, and instead verify a single origin from the Admiralty Archipelago off the north coast of Papua New Guinea. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis that<i>B. irregularis</i> was accidentally transported to Guam during military relocation efforts at the end of World War II. Demographic model comparisons suggest that multiple snakes were transported to Guam from the source locality, but that fewer than 10 individuals could be responsible for establishing the population. Our results also provide evidence that low genetic diversity stemming from the founder event has not been a hindrance to the ecological success of <i>B. irregularis</i> on Guam, and at the same time offers a unique ‘genetic opening’ to manage snake density using classical biological approaches.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Invasions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/s10530-014-0733-y","usgsCitation":"Richmond, J.Q., Wood, D.A., Stanford, J.W., and Fisher, R.N., 2014, Testing for multiple invasion routes and source populations for the invasive brown treesnake (<i>Boiga irregularis</i>) on Guam: implications for pest management: Biological Invasions, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-014-0733-y.","ipdsId":"IP-056130","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293944,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293873,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-014-0733-y"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54195157e4b091c7ffc8e870","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richmond, Jonathan Q. 0000-0001-9398-4894 jrichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-4894","contributorId":5400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Jonathan","email":"jrichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Dustin A. 0000-0002-7668-9911 dawood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7668-9911","contributorId":4179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Dustin","email":"dawood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanford, James W.","contributorId":65775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanford","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70112920,"text":"70112920 - 2014 - The response of stream periphyton to Pacific salmon: using a model to understand the role of environmental context","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-18T13:43:10","indexId":"70112920","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-18T13:39:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The response of stream periphyton to Pacific salmon: using a model to understand the role of environmental context","docAbstract":"<p>1. In stream ecosystems, Pacific salmon deliver subsidies of marine-derived nutrients and disturb the stream bed during spawning. The net effect of this nutrient subsidy and physical disturbance on biological communities can be hard to predict and is likely to be mediated by environmental conditions. For periphyton, empirical studies have revealed that the magnitude and direction of the response to salmon varies from one location to the next. Salmon appear to increase periphyton biomass and/or production in some contexts (a positive response), but decrease them in others (a negative response).</p>\n<br>\n<p>2. To reconcile these seemingly conflicting results, we constructed a system dynamics model that links periphyton biomass and production to salmon spawning. We used this model to explore how environmental conditions influence the periphyton response to salmon.</p>\n<br>\n<p>3. Our simulations suggest that the periphyton response to salmon is strongly mediated by both background nutrient concentrations and the proportion of the stream bed suitable for spawning. Positive periphyton responses occurred when both background nutrient concentrations were low (nutrient limiting conditions) and when little of the stream bed was suitable for spawning (because the substratum is too coarse). In contrast, negative responses occurred when nutrient concentrations were higher or a larger proportion of the bed was suitable for spawning.</p>\n<br>\n<p>4. Although periphyton biomass generally remained above or below background conditions for several months following spawning, periphyton production returned quickly to background values shortly afterwards. As a result, based upon our simulations, salmon did not greatly increase or decrease overall annual periphyton production. This suggests that any increase in production by fish or invertebrates in response to returning salmon is more likely to occur via direct consumption of salmon carcasses and/or eggs, rather than the indirect effects of greater periphyton production.</p>\n<br>\n<p>5. Overall, our simulations suggest that environmental factors need to be taken into account when considering the effects of spawning salmon on aquatic ecosystems. Our model offers researchers a framework for testing periphyton response to salmon across a range of conditions, which can be used to generate hypotheses, plan field experiments and guide data collection.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12356","usgsCitation":"Bellmore, J.R., Fremier, A., Mejia, F., and Newsom, M., 2014, The response of stream periphyton to Pacific salmon: using a model to understand the role of environmental context: Freshwater Biology, v. 59, no. 7, p. 1437-1451, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12356.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1437","endPage":"1451","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-051251","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288801,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12356"}],"volume":"59","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7870e4b0abf75cf2d4e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bellmore, J. Ryan","contributorId":104790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bellmore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fremier, Alexander K.","contributorId":104403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fremier","given":"Alexander K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mejia, Francine","contributorId":106804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mejia","given":"Francine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newsom, Michael","contributorId":16753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newsom","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189606,"text":"70189606 - 2014 - Analysis of induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs – An overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T10:03:10","indexId":"70189606","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs – An overview","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this overview we report results of analysing induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs in various tectonic settings within the framework of the European&nbsp;</span><i>G</i><span>eothermal<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>E</i><span>ngineering<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>I</i><span>ntegrating Mitigation of Induced<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Se</i><span>ismicity in<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>R</i><span>eservoirs (GEISER) project. In the reconnaissance phase of a field, the subsurface fault mapping, in situ stress and the seismic network are of primary interest in order to help assess the geothermal resource. The hypocentres of the observed seismic events (seismic cloud) are dependent on the design of the installed network, the used velocity model and the applied location technique. During the stimulation phase, the attention is turned to reservoir hydraulics (e.g., fluid pressure, injection volume) and its relation to larger magnitude seismic events, their source characteristics and occurrence in space and time. A change in isotropic components of the full waveform moment tensor is observed for events close to the injection well (tensile character) as compared to events further away from the injection well (shear character). Tensile events coincide with high Gutenberg-Richter<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>b</i><span>-values and low Brune stress drop values. The stress regime in the reservoir controls the direction of the fracture growth at depth, as indicated by the extent of the seismic cloud detected. Stress magnitudes are important in multiple stimulation of wells, where little or no seismicity is observed until the previous maximum stress level is exceeded (Kaiser Effect). Prior to drilling, obtaining a 3D<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>P</i><span>-wave (</span><i>Vp</i><span>) and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S</i><span>-wave velocity (</span><i>Vs</i><span>) model down to reservoir depth is recommended. In the stimulation phase, we recommend to monitor and to locate seismicity with high precision (decametre) in real-time and to perform local 4D tomography for velocity ratio (</span><i>Vp</i><span>/</span><i>Vs</i><span>). During exploitation, one should use observed and model induced seismicity to forward estimate seismic hazard so that field operators are in a position to adjust well hydraulics (rate and volume of the fluid injected) when induced events start to occur far away from the boundary of the seismic cloud.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.06.005","usgsCitation":"Zang, A., Oye, V., Jousset, P., Deichmann, N., Gritto, R., McGarr, A.F., Majer, E., and Bruhn, D., 2014, Analysis of induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs – An overview: Geothermics, v. 52, p. 6-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.06.005.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-057945","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_455903","text":"External Repository"},{"id":344025,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fbce4b0d1f9f065a8f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zang, Arno","contributorId":194794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zang","given":"Arno","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oye, Volker","contributorId":194795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oye","given":"Volker","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jousset, Philippe","contributorId":194796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jousset","given":"Philippe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Deichmann, Nicholas","contributorId":194797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deichmann","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gritto, Roland","contributorId":194798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gritto","given":"Roland","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGarr, Arthur F. 0000-0001-9769-4093 mcgarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-4093","contributorId":3178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"Arthur","email":"mcgarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Majer, Ernest","contributorId":139408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Majer","given":"Ernest","affiliations":[{"id":6670,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bruhn, David","contributorId":194799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruhn","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70189761,"text":"70189761 - 2014 - The earthquake cycle in the San Francisco Bay region: A.D. 1600–2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T17:11:31.821686","indexId":"70189761","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The earthquake cycle in the San Francisco Bay region: A.D. 1600–2012","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stress changes produced by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake had a profound effect on the seismicity of the San Francisco Bay region (SFBR), dramatically reducing it in the twentieth century. Whether the SFBR is still within or has emerged from this seismic quiescence is an issue of debate with implications for earthquake mechanics and seismic hazards. Historically, the SFBR has not experienced one complete earthquake cycle (i.e., the accumulation of stress, its release primarily as coseismic slip during surface‐faulting earthquakes, its re‐accumulation in the interval following, and its subsequent rerelease). The historical record of earthquake occurrence in the SFBR appears to be complete at about&nbsp;</span><strong>M</strong><span>&nbsp;5.5 back to 1850 (</span><span id=\"xref-ref-2-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\">Bakun, 1999</span><span>). For large events, the record may be complete back to 1776, which represents about half a cycle. Paleoseismic data provide a more complete view of the most recent pre‐1906 SFBR earthquake cycle, extending it back to about 1600. Using these, we have developed estimates of magnitude and seismic moment for alternative sequences of surface‐faulting paleoearthquakes occurring between 1600 and 1776 on the region’s major faults. From these we calculate seismic moment and moment release rates for different time intervals between 1600 and 2012. These show the variability in moment release and suggest that, in the SFBR regional plate boundary, stress can be released on a single fault in great earthquakes such as that in 1906 and in multiple ruptures distributed on the regional plate boundary fault system on a decadal time scale.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120120322","usgsCitation":"Schwartz, D.P., Lienkaemper, J.J., Hecker, S., Kelson, K.I., Fumal, T.E., Baldwin, J.N., Seitz, G.G., and Niemi, T., 2014, The earthquake cycle in the San Francisco Bay region: A.D. 1600–2012: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120322.","ipdsId":"IP-053346","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344265,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.5,\n              37.2\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.1,\n              36.4\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.5,\n              38.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -122,\n              39\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59770753e4b0ec1a48889fa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200 dschwartz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":1940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","email":"dschwartz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lienkaemper, James J. 0000-0002-7578-7042 jlienk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-7042","contributorId":1941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"James","email":"jlienk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hecker, Suzanne 0000-0002-5054-372X shecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-372X","contributorId":3553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hecker","given":"Suzanne","email":"shecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelson, Keith I.","contributorId":192585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelson","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fumal, Thomas E.","contributorId":195091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fumal","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baldwin, John N.","contributorId":195092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baldwin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Seitz, Gordon G.","contributorId":139062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Niemi, Tina","contributorId":195093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niemi","given":"Tina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70156379,"text":"70156379 - 2014 - An integrated approach to the Taxonomic identification of prehistoric shell ornaments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-20T13:27:22","indexId":"70156379","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An integrated approach to the Taxonomic identification of prehistoric shell ornaments","docAbstract":"<p><span>Shell beads appear to have been one of the earliest examples of personal adornments. Marine shells identified far from the shore evidence long-distance transport and imply networks of exchange and negotiation. However, worked beads lose taxonomic clues to identification, and this may be compounded by taphonomic alteration. Consequently, the significance of this key early artefact may be underestimated. We report the use of bulk amino acid composition of the stable intra-crystalline proteins preserved in shell biominerals and the application of pattern recognition methods to a large dataset (777 samples) to demonstrate that taxonomic identification can be achieved at genus level. Amino acid analyses are fast (&lt;2 hours per sample) and micro-destructive (sample size &lt;2 mg). Their integration with non-destructive techniques provides a valuable and affordable tool, which can be used by archaeologists and museum curators to gain insight into early exploitation of natural resources by humans. Here we combine amino acid analyses, macro- and microstructural observations (by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy) and Raman spectroscopy to try to identify the raw material used for beads discovered at the Early Bronze Age site of Great Cornard (UK). Our results show that at least two shell taxa were used and we hypothesise that these were sourced locally.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Plos One","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0099839","usgsCitation":"Demarchi, B., O’Connor, S., Ponzoni, A.D., Ponzoni, R.D., Sheridan, A., Penkman, K., Hancock, Y., and Wilson, J., 2014, An integrated approach to the Taxonomic identification of prehistoric shell ornaments: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 6, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099839.","productDescription":"12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099839","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307033,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d6fa2fe4b0518e3546bc1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demarchi, Beatrice","contributorId":146780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Demarchi","given":"Beatrice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Connor, Sonia","contributorId":146781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Connor","given":"Sonia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ponzoni, Andre de Lima","contributorId":146782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ponzoni","given":"Andre","email":"","middleInitial":"de Lima","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ponzoni, Raquel de Almeida Roch","contributorId":146783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ponzoni","given":"Raquel","email":"","middleInitial":"de Almeida Roch","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sheridan, Alison","contributorId":146784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheridan","given":"Alison","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Penkman, Kirsty","contributorId":146785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Penkman","given":"Kirsty","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hancock, Y.","contributorId":146786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hancock","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wilson, Julie","contributorId":146787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Julie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70112521,"text":"70112521 - 2014 - Atrazine reduces reproduction in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T16:02:09","indexId":"70112521","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-16T14:31:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":874,"text":"Aquatic Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Atrazine reduces reproduction in Japanese medaka (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>)","title":"Atrazine reduces reproduction in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)","docAbstract":"Atrazine is an effective broadleaf herbicide and the second most heavily used herbicide in the United States. Effects along the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonad axis in a number of vertebrate taxa have been demonstrated. Seasonally elevated concentrations of atrazine in surface waters may adversely affect fishes, but only a few studies have examined reproductive effects of this chemical. The present study was designed to evaluate a population endpoint (egg production) in conjunction with histological (reproductive stage, gonad pathology) and biochemical (aromatase activity, sex hormone production) phenotypes associated with atrazine exposure in Japanese medaka. Adult virgin breeding groups of one male and four females were exposed to nominal concentrations of 0, 0.5, 5.0, and 50 μg/L (0, 2.3, 23.2, 231 nM) of atrazine in a flow-through diluter for 14 or 38 days. Total egg production was lower (36–42%) in all atrazine-exposed groups as compared to the controls. The decreases in cumulative egg production of atrazine-treated fish were significant by exposure day 24. Reductions in total egg production in atrazine treatment groups were most attributable to a reduced number of eggs ovulated by females in atrazine-treated tanks. Additionally, males exposed to atrazine had a greater number of abnormal germ cells. There was no effect of atrazine on gonadosomatic index, aromatase protein, or whole body 17 β-estradiol or testosterone. Our results suggest that atrazine reduces egg production through alteration of final maturation of oocytes. The reduced egg production observed in this study was very similar to our previously reported results for fathead minnow. This study provides further information with which to evaluate atrazine's risk to fish populations.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.05.022","usgsCitation":"Papoulias, D.M., Tillitt, D.E., Talykina, M.G., Whyte, J.J., and Richter, C., 2014, Atrazine reduces reproduction in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes): Aquatic Toxicology, v. 154, p. 230-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.05.022.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"230","endPage":"239","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-053237","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288654,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288653,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.05.022"}],"volume":"154","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7634e4b0abf75cf2bed4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Papoulias, Diana M. 0000-0002-5106-2469 dpapoulias@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5106-2469","contributorId":2726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papoulias","given":"Diana","email":"dpapoulias@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Talykina, Melaniya G.","contributorId":98646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talykina","given":"Melaniya","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whyte, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":100738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whyte","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richter, Catherine A.","contributorId":100990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"Catherine A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70110811,"text":"sir20145012 - 2014 - Dissolved-solids sources, loads, yields, and concentrations in streams of the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T13:40:28","indexId":"sir20145012","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-16T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5012","title":"Dissolved-solids sources, loads, yields, and concentrations in streams of the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"<p>Recent studies have shown that excessive dissolved-solids concentrations in water can have adverse effects on the environment and on agricultural, domestic, municipal, and industrial water users. Such effects motivated the U.S. Geological Survey&rsquo;s National Water Quality Assessment Program to develop a SPAtially-Referenced Regression on Watershed Attributes (SPARROW) model that has improved the understanding of sources, loads, yields, and concentrations of dissolved solids in streams of the conterminous United States.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Using the SPARROW model, long-term mean annual dissolved-solids loads from 2,560 water-quality monitoring stations were statistically related to several spatial datasets that are surrogates for dissolved-solids sources and land-to-water delivery processes. Specifically, sources in the model included variables representing geologic materials, road deicers, urban lands, cultivated lands, and pasture lands. Transport of dissolved solids from these sources was modulated by land-to-water delivery variables that represent precipitation, streamflow, soil, vegetation, terrain, population, irrigation, and artificial drainage characteristics. Where appropriate, the load estimates, source variables, and transport variables were statistically adjusted to represent conditions for the base year 2000. The nonlinear least-squares estimated SPARROW model was used to predict long-term mean annual conditions for dissolved-solids sources, loads, yields, and concentrations in a digital hydrologic network representing nearly 66,000 stream reaches and their corresponding incremental catchments that drain the Nation.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Nationwide, the predominant source of dissolved solids yielded from incremental catchments and delivered to local streams is geologic materials in 89 percent of the catchments, road deicers in 5 percent of the catchments, pasture lands in 3 percent of the catchments, urban lands in 2 percent of the catchments, and cultivated lands in 1 percent of the catchments. Whereas incremental catchments with dissolved solids that originated predominantly from geologic sources or from urban lands are found across much of the Nation, incremental catchments with dissolved solids yields that originated predominantly from road deicers are largely found in the Northeast, and incremental catchments with dissolved solids that originated predominantly from cultivated or pasture lands are largely found in the West. The total amount of dissolved solids delivered to the Nation&rsquo;s streams is 271.9 million metric tons (Mt) annually, of which 194.2 million Mt (71.4%) come from geologic sources, 37.7 million Mt (13.9%) come from road deicers, 18.2 million Mt (6.7%) come from pasture lands, 13.9 million Mt (5.1%) come from urban lands, and 7.9 million Mt (2.9%) come from cultivated lands.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Nationwide, the median incremental-catchment yield delivered to local streams is 26 metric tons per year per square kilometer [(Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup>]. Ten percent of the incremental catchments yield less than 4 (Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup>, and 10 percent yield more than 90 (Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup>. Incremental-catchment yields greater than 50 (Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup> mostly occur along the northern part of the West Coast and in a crescent shaped band south of the Great Lakes. For example, the median incremental-catchment yield is 81 (Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup> for the Great Lakes, 78 (Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup> for the Ohio, and 74 (Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup> for the Upper Mississippi water-resources regions. Incremental-catchment yields less than 10 (Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup> mostly occur in a wide band across the arid lowland of the interior West that excludes areas along the coast and the extensive, higher mountain ranges. For example, the median incremental-catchment yield is 3 (Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup> for the Lower Colorado, 5 (Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup> for the Rio Grande, and 8 (Mt/yr)/km<sup>2</sup> for the Great Basin water-resources regions.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Predicted incremental loads were cascaded down through the reach network, with loads accumulating from reach to reach. For most stream reaches, the entire incremental load of dissolved solids delivered to the reach was transported to either the ocean or to one of the large streams flowing along the U.S. international boundary without losses occurring along the way. The exceptions to this include streams in the southwestern part of the country, such as the Colorado River, Rio Grande, and streams of internally drained drainages in the Great Basin, where dissolved-solids loads decreased through streamflow diversion for off-stream use, or by infiltration through the streambed.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Long-term mean annual flow-weighted concentrations were derived from the predicted accumulated-load and stream-discharge data. Widespread low concentrations, generally less than 100 milligrams per liter (mg/L), occur in many reaches of the New England, South Atlantic-Gulf, and Pacific Northwest water-resources regions as a result of moderate dissolved-solids yields and high runoff rates. Widespread moderate concentrations, generally between 100 and 500 mg/L, occur in many reaches of the Great Lakes, Ohio, and Upper Mississippi River water-resources regions. Whereas dissolved-solids yields are generally high in these regions, runoff rates are also high, which helps moderate concentrations in these regions. Widespread higher concentrations, generally greater than 500 mg/L, occur across a belt of reaches that extends almost continuously from Canada to Mexico in the Midwest, cutting through the Souris-Red-Rainy, Missouri, Arkansas-White-Red, Texas-Gulf, and Rio Grande water-resources regions. Although dissolved-solids yields are moderate to low in these areas, low runoff rates result in the high concentrations for these areas.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>In 12.6 percent of the Nation&rsquo;s stream reaches, predicted concentrations of dissolved solids exceed 500 mg/L, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency&rsquo;s secondary, nonenforceable drinking water standard. While this standard provides a metric for evaluating predicted concentrations in the context of drinking-water supplies, it should be noted that it only applies to drinking water actually served to customers by water utilities, and it does not apply to all stream reaches in the Nation nor does it apply during times when water is not being withdrawn for use. Exceedance of 500 mg/L is more pronounced in certain water-resources regions than others. For example, about half of the reaches in the Souris-Red-Rainy region have concentrations predicted to exceed 500 mg/L, and between 25 and 37 percent of the reaches in the Missouri, Arkansas-White-Red, Texas-Gulf, Rio Grande, and Lower Colorado regions are predicted to exceed 500 mg/L.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Development of stream-load data for use in the SPARROW model also provided long-term temporal trend information in dissolved-solids concentrations at the monitoring stations for their period of record, which was constrained between 1980 and 2009. For the 2,560 monitoring stations used in this study, long-term trends in flow-adjusted dissolved-solids concentrations increased over time at 23 percent of the stations, decreased at 18 percent of the stations, and did not change over time at 59 percent of the stations. Long-term trends show a strong regional spatial pattern where from the western parts of the Great Plains to the West Coast, concentrations mostly either did not change or decreased over time, and from the eastern parts of the Great Plains to the East Coast, concentrations mostly either did not change or increased over time.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Results from the trend analysis and from the SPARROW model indicate that, compared to monitoring stations with no trends or decreasing trends, stations with increasing trends are associated with a smaller percentage of the predicted dissolved-solids load originating from geologic sources, and a larger percentage originating from urban lands and road deicers. Conversely, compared to stations with increasing trends or no trends, stations with decreasing trends have a larger percentage of the predicted dissolved-solids load originating from geologic sources and a smaller percentage originating from urban lands and road deicers. Stations with decreasing trends also have larger percentages of predicted dissolved-solids load originating from cultivated lands and pasture lands, compared to stations with increasing trends or no trends.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145012","collaboration":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Anning, D.W., and Flynn, M., 2014, Dissolved-solids sources, loads, yields, and concentrations in streams of the conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5012, Report: viii, 101 p.; Appendixes 1-4, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145012.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 101 p.; Appendixes 1-4","numberOfPages":"113","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-037458","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287816,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145012.jpg"},{"id":287811,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5012/pdf/sir2014-5012.pdf"},{"id":287813,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5012/downloads/sir20145012_app02.xlsx"},{"id":287812,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5012/downloads/sir20145012_app01.xlsx"},{"id":287814,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5012/downloads/sir20145012_app03.xlsx"},{"id":287815,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5012/downloads/sir20145012_app04.docx"},{"id":287810,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5012/"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", 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,{"id":70110814,"text":"70110814 - 2014 - Focused campaign increases activity among participants in <i>Nature's Notebook</i>, a citizen science project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T10:28:41","indexId":"70110814","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-15T13:56:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2836,"text":"Natural Sciences Education","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Focused campaign increases activity among participants in <i>Nature's Notebook</i>, a citizen science project","docAbstract":"<p>Citizen science projects, which engage non-professional scientists in one or more stages of scientific research, have been gaining popularity; yet maintaining participants&rsquo; activity level over time remains a challenge. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential for a short-term, focused campaign to increase participant activity in a national-scale citizen science program. The campaign that we implemented was designed to answer a compelling scientific question. We invited participants in the phenology-observing program, Nature&rsquo;s Notebook, to track trees throughout the spring of 2012, to ascertain whether the season arrived as early as the anomalous spring of 2010. Consisting of a series of six electronic newsletters and costing our office slightly more than 1 week of staff resources, our effort was successful; compared with previous years, the number of observations collected in the region where the campaign was run increased by 184%, the number of participants submitting observations increased by 116%, and the number of trees registered increased by 110%. In comparison, these respective metrics grew by 25, 55, and 44%, over previous years, in the southeastern quadrant of the United States, where no such campaign was carried out. The campaign approach we describe here is a model that could be adapted by a wide variety of programs to increase engagement and thereby positively influence participant retention.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","doi":"10.4195/nse2013.06.0019","usgsCitation":"Crimmins, T., Weltzin, J., Rosemartin, A.H., Surina, E.M., Marsh, L., and Denny, E.G., 2014, Focused campaign increases activity among participants in <i>Nature's Notebook</i>, a citizen science project: Natural Sciences Education, v. 43, no. 1, p. 64-72, https://doi.org/10.4195/nse2013.06.0019.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"72","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043446","costCenters":[{"id":433,"text":"National Phenology Network","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287830,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"538848d0e4b0318b93124a28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crimmins, Theresa","contributorId":103579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crimmins","given":"Theresa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weltzin, Jake F.","contributorId":51005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weltzin","given":"Jake F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosemartin, Alyssa H.","contributorId":30910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosemartin","given":"Alyssa","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Surina, Echo M.","contributorId":28898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Surina","given":"Echo","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marsh, Lee","contributorId":16755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Denny, Ellen G.","contributorId":79803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70112283,"text":"70112283 - 2014 - Evidence against a Pleistocene desert refugium in the Lower Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T16:15:06","indexId":"70112283","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-12T13:36:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence against a Pleistocene desert refugium in the Lower Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Aim</strong><br /> The absence of Sonoran Desert plants in late Pleistocene-aged packrat middens has led to speculation that they survived glacial episodes either in refugia as intact associations (Clementsian community concept) or in dry microsites within chaparral or woodland according to individualistic species responses (Gleasonian community concept). To test these hypotheses, we developed a midden record from one likely refugium in north-eastern Baja California, Mexico. We also measured stomatal guard cell size in fossil leaves to further evaluate site-level individualistic responses of <i>Larrea tridentata</i> (creosote bush) ploidy races to climatic changes, including monsoonal history, over the late Quaternary.</p>\n<p><strong>Location</strong><br /> Sierra Ju&aacute;rez, Lower Colorado River Basin, north-eastern Baja California, Mexico.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods</strong><br /> Packrat (<i>Neotoma</i>) middens were collected from &lt;300 m elevation on the eastern piedmont of the Sierra Ju&aacute;rez. Plant macrofossils and pollen were analysed from 50 dated middens, including determination of <i>Larrea tridentata</i> ploidy races.</p>\n<p><strong>Results</strong><br /> Pleistocene middens dating back to &gt;55,000 cal. yr BP contained a mix of extralocal species characteristic of chaparral and pinyon&ndash;juniper&ndash;oak woodland, along with some modern desert elements. Many other desert taxa were absent during the Pleistocene, although most had arrived by the beginning of the Holocene 11,700 years ago.</p>\n<p><strong>Main conclusions</strong><br /> The assemblage of chaparral, woodland and select desert elements refutes the hypothesis that the Lower Colorado River Basin served as a late Pleistocene refugium for Sonoran Desert flora. The rapid arrival of most missing desert species by the early Holocene suggests they did not have far to migrate. They probably survived the last glacial period as smaller, disparate populations in dry microsites within chaparral and pinyon&ndash;juniper&ndash;oak woodlands. Diploid and tetraploid races of Larrea tridentata were present during the Pleistocene, but hexaploids did not appear until the mid-Holocene. This demonstrates that individualistic responses to climate involved genetic variants, in this case cytotypes, and not just species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Scientific Publications","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/jbi.12337","usgsCitation":"Holmgren, C.A., Betancourt, J.L., Penalba, M.C., Delgadillo, J., Zuravnsky, K., Hunter, K.L., Rylander, K., and Weiss, J.L., 2014, Evidence against a Pleistocene desert refugium in the Lower Colorado River Basin: Journal of Biogeography, v. 41, no. 9, p. 1769-1780, https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12337.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1769","endPage":"1780","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054902","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288505,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Baja California","otherGeospatial":"Lower Colorado River Basin, Sierra Juarez, Sonoran Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.0,28.5 ], [ -120.0,35.0 ], [ -110.0,35.0 ], [ -110.0,28.5 ], [ -120.0,28.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539abdcfe4b0e83db6d08e9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holmgren, Camille A.","contributorId":75258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmgren","given":"Camille","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Penalba, M. Cristina","contributorId":22250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penalba","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Cristina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Delgadillo, Jose","contributorId":97003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delgadillo","given":"Jose","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zuravnsky, Kristin","contributorId":40901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuravnsky","given":"Kristin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hunter, Kimberly L.","contributorId":58998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rylander, Kate A.","contributorId":73324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rylander","given":"Kate A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Weiss, Jeremy L.","contributorId":37191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70112147,"text":"70112147 - 2014 - Strategies for preventing invasive plant outbreaks after prescribed fire in ponderosa pine forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T16:39:27","indexId":"70112147","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-11T11:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strategies for preventing invasive plant outbreaks after prescribed fire in ponderosa pine forest","docAbstract":"Land managers use prescribed fire to return a vital process to fire-adapted ecosystems, restore forest structure from a state altered by long-term fire suppression, and reduce wildfire intensity. However, fire often produces favorable conditions for invasive plant species, particularly if it is intense enough to reveal bare mineral soil and open previously closed canopies. Understanding the environmental or fire characteristics that explain post-fire invasive plant abundance would aid managers in efficiently finding and quickly responding to fire-caused infestations. To that end, we used an information-theoretic model-selection approach to assess the relative importance of abiotic environmental characteristics (topoedaphic position, distance from roads), pre-and post-fire biotic environmental characteristics (forest structure, understory vegetation, fuel load), and prescribed fire severity (measured in four different ways) in explaining invasive plant cover in ponderosa pine forest in South Dakota’s Black Hills. Environmental characteristics (distance from roads and post-fire forest structure) alone provided the most explanation of variation (26%) in post-fire cover of Verbascum thapsus (common mullein), but a combination of surface fire severity and environmental characteristics (pre-fire forest structure and distance from roads) explained 36–39% of the variation in post-fire cover of Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle) and all invasives together. For four species and all invasives together, their pre-fire cover explained more variation (26–82%) in post-fire cover than environmental and fire characteristics did, suggesting one strategy for reducing post-fire invasive outbreaks may be to find and control invasives before the fire. Finding them may be difficult, however, since pre-fire environmental characteristics explained only 20% of variation in pre-fire total invasive cover, and less for individual species. Thus, moderating fire intensity or targeting areas of high severity for post-fire invasive control may be the most efficient means for reducing the chances of post-fire invasive plant outbreaks when conducting prescribed fires in this region.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2014.04.022","usgsCitation":"Symstad, A., Newton, W.E., and Swanson, D.J., 2014, Strategies for preventing invasive plant outbreaks after prescribed fire in ponderosa pine forest: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 324, p. 81-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2014.04.022.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-054235","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288325,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288284,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2014.04.022"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Black Hills","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.7945,43.2665 ], [ -104.7945,44.7866 ], [ -102.7523,44.7866 ], [ -102.7523,43.2665 ], [ -104.7945,43.2665 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"324","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53996c50e4b0a59b26496943","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Symstad, Amy J.","contributorId":11721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symstad","given":"Amy J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, Wesley E. 0000-0002-1377-043X wnewton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-043X","contributorId":3661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Wesley","email":"wnewton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Daniel J.","contributorId":54515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70158681,"text":"70158681 - 2014 - Multiseason occupancy models for correlated replicate surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-05T13:19:20","indexId":"70158681","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-11T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiseason occupancy models for correlated replicate surveys","docAbstract":"<div class=\"para\"><ol id=\"mee312186-list-0001\" class=\"numbered\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p>Occupancy surveys collecting data from adjacent (sometimes correlated) spatial replicates have become relatively popular for logistical reasons. Hines <i>et&nbsp;al</i>. (<a class=\"referenceLink\" title=\"Link to bibliographic citation\" rel=\"references:#mee312186-bib-0015\" href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/2041-210X.12186/full#mee312186-bib-0015\">2010</a>) presented one approach to modelling such data for single-season occupancy surveys. Here, we present a multiseason analogue of this model (with corresponding software) for inferences about occupancy dynamics. We include a new parameter to deal with the uncertainty associated with the first spatial replicate for both single-season and multiseason models. We use a case study, based on the brown-headed nuthatch, to assess the need for these models when analysing data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS), and we test various hypotheses about occupancy dynamics for this species in the south-eastern United States.</p>\n</div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p>The new model permits inference about local probabilities of extinction, colonization and occupancy for sampling conducted over multiple seasons. The model performs adequately, based on a small simulation study and on results of the case study analysis.</p>\n</div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p>The new model incorporating correlated replicates was strongly favoured by model selection for the BBS data for brown-headed nuthatch (<i>Sitta pusilla</i>). Latitude was found to be an important source of variation in local colonization and occupancy probabilities for brown-headed nuthatch, with both probabilities being higher near the centre of the species range, as opposed to more northern and southern areas.</p>\n</div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p>We recommend this new occupancy model for detection&ndash;nondetection studies that use potentially correlated replicates.</p>\n</div>\n</li>\n</ol></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Hoboken, NJ","publisherLocation":"John Wiley","doi":"10.1111/2041-210X.12186","usgsCitation":"Hines, J.E., Nichols, J.D., and Collazo, J., 2014, Multiseason occupancy models for correlated replicate surveys: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, v. 5, no. 6, p. 583-591, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12186.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"591","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055414","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309556,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Georgia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.34374999999999,\n              37.28279464911045\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.66259765625,\n              37.020098201368114\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9814453125,\n              36.50963615733049\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              35.85343961959182\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.13525390624999,\n              35.15584570226544\n            ],\n            [\n              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jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":140652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":576483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":576484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70111960,"text":"70111960 - 2014 - Reducing fatigue damage for ships in transit through structured decision making","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-10T10:43:53","indexId":"70111960","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-10T10:32:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2677,"text":"Marine Structures","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reducing fatigue damage for ships in transit through structured decision making","docAbstract":"Research in structural monitoring has focused primarily on drawing inference about the health of a structure from the structure’s response to ambient or applied excitation. Knowledge of the current state can then be used to predict structural integrity at a future time and, in principle, allows one to take action to improve safety, minimize ownership costs, and/or increase the operating envelope. While much time and effort has been devoted toward data collection and system identification, research to-date has largely avoided the question of how to choose an optimal maintenance plan. This work describes a structured decision making (SDM) process for taking available information (loading data, model output, etc.) and producing a plan of action for maintaining the structure. SDM allows the practitioner to specify his/her objectives and then solves for the decision that is optimal in the sense that it maximizes those objectives. To demonstrate, we consider the problem of a Naval vessel transiting a fixed distance in varying sea-state conditions. The physics of this problem are such that minimizing transit time increases the probability of fatigue failure in the structural supports. It is shown how SDM produces the optimal trip plan in the sense that it minimizes both transit time and probability of failure in the manner of our choosing (i.e., through a user-defined cost function). The example illustrates the benefit of SDM over heuristic approaches to maintaining the vessel.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Structures","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2014.04.002","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Fackler, P., Pacifici, K., Murphy, K., and Nichols, J., 2014, Reducing fatigue damage for ships in transit through structured decision making: Marine Structures, v. 38, p. 18-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2014.04.002.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"26","ipdsId":"IP-054791","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288208,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288207,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2014.04.002"}],"volume":"38","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53981ad5e4b09e5ae91f9db6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.M.","contributorId":18080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fackler, P.L.","contributorId":30859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fackler","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pacifici, K.","contributorId":71667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pacifici","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murphy, K.D.","contributorId":50004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70111934,"text":"70111934 - 2014 - Modeling Hawaiian ecosystem degradation due to invasive plants under current and future climates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-10T09:37:24","indexId":"70111934","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-10T09:14:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling Hawaiian ecosystem degradation due to invasive plants under current and future climates","docAbstract":"Occupation of native ecosystems by invasive plant species alters their structure and/or function. In Hawaii, a subset of introduced plants is regarded as extremely harmful due to competitive ability, ecosystem modification, and biogeochemical habitat degradation. By controlling this subset of highly invasive ecosystem modifiers, conservation managers could significantly reduce native ecosystem degradation. To assess the invasibility of vulnerable native ecosystems, we selected a proxy subset of these invasive plants and developed robust ensemble species distribution models to define their respective potential distributions. The combinations of all species models using both binary and continuous habitat suitability projections resulted in estimates of species richness and diversity that were subsequently used to define an invasibility metric. The invasibility metric was defined from species distribution models with <0.7 niche overlap (Warrens I) and relatively discriminative distributions (Area Under the Curve >0.8; True Skill Statistic >0.75) as evaluated per species. Invasibility was further projected onto a 2100 Hawaii regional climate change scenario to assess the change in potential habitat degradation. The distribution defined by the invasibility metric delineates areas of known and potential invasibility under current climate conditions and, when projected into the future, estimates potential reductions in native ecosystem extent due to climate-driven invasive incursion. We have provided the code used to develop these metrics to facilitate their wider use (Code S1). This work will help determine the vulnerability of native-dominated ecosystems to the combined threats of climate change and invasive species, and thus help prioritize ecosystem and species management actions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0095427","usgsCitation":"Vorsino, A.E., Fortini, L., Amidon, F.A., Miller, S.E., Jacobi, J.D., Price, J.P., `Ohukani`ohi`a Gon, S., and Koob, G.A., 2014, Modeling Hawaiian ecosystem degradation due to invasive plants under current and future climates: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 5, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095427.","productDescription":"18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-054741","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095427","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288198,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095427"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -159.9917,18.7288 ], [ -159.9917,22.4876 ], [ -154.4937,22.4876 ], [ -154.4937,18.7288 ], [ -159.9917,18.7288 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"9","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53981ad4e4b09e5ae91f9daa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vorsino, Adam E.","contributorId":71102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vorsino","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fortini, Lucas B.","contributorId":10693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortini","given":"Lucas B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amidon, Fred A.","contributorId":107200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amidon","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Stephen E.","contributorId":31683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jacobi, James D. 0000-0003-2313-7862 jjacobi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-7862","contributorId":3705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobi","given":"James","email":"jjacobi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Price, Jonathan P.","contributorId":8736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"`Ohukani`ohi`a Gon, Sam III","contributorId":60961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"`Ohukani`ohi`a Gon","given":"Sam","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Koob, Gregory A.","contributorId":61752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koob","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70102224,"text":"70102224 - 2014 - Use of genetic data to infer population-specific ecological and phenotypic traits from mixed aggregations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-21T13:19:15","indexId":"70102224","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-09T13:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of genetic data to infer population-specific ecological and phenotypic traits from mixed aggregations","docAbstract":"Many applications in ecological genetics involve sampling individuals from a mixture of multiple biological populations and subsequently associating those individuals with the populations from which they arose. Analytical methods that assign individuals to their putative population of origin have utility in both basic and applied research, providing information about population-specific life history and habitat use, ecotoxins, pathogen and parasite loads, and many other non-genetic ecological, or phenotypic traits. Although the question is initially directed at the origin of individuals, in most cases the ultimate desire is to investigate the distribution of some trait among populations. Current practice is to assign individuals to a population of origin and study properties of the trait among individuals within population strata as if they constituted independent samples. It seemed that approach might bias population-specific trait inference. In this study we made trait inferences directly through modeling, bypassing individual assignment. We extended a Bayesian model for population mixture analysis to incorporate parameters for the phenotypic trait and compared its performance to that of individual assignment with a minimum probability threshold for assignment. The Bayesian mixture model outperformed individual assignment under some trait inference conditions. However, by discarding individuals whose origins are most uncertain, the individual assignment method provided a less complex analytical technique whose performance may be adequate for some common trait inference problems. Our results provide specific guidance for method selection under various genetic relationships among populations with different trait distributions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0098470","usgsCitation":"Moran, P., Bromaghin, J.F., and Masuda, M., 2014, Use of genetic data to infer population-specific ecological and phenotypic traits from mixed aggregations: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 6, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098470.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050953","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098470","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288179,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288178,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098470"}],"volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5396c953e4b0f7580bc0a8c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moran, Paul","contributorId":42140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bromaghin, Jeffrey F. 0000-0002-7209-9500 jbromaghin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-9500","contributorId":139899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromaghin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbromaghin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Masuda, Michele","contributorId":24280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masuda","given":"Michele","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70128991,"text":"70128991 - 2014 - Hierarchical spatial genetic structure in a distinct population segment of greater sage-grouse","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T12:11:21","indexId":"70128991","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-07T09:51:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical spatial genetic structure in a distinct population segment of greater sage-grouse","docAbstract":"<p>Greater sage-grouse (<em>Centrocercus urophasianus</em>) within the Bi-State Management Zone (area along the border between Nevada and California) are geographically isolated on the southwestern edge of the species&rsquo; range. Previous research demonstrated that this population is genetically unique, with a high proportion of unique mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes and with significant differences in microsatellite allele frequencies compared to populations across the species&rsquo; range. As a result, this population was considered a distinct population segment (DPS) and was recently proposed for listing as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. A more comprehensive understanding of the boundaries of this genetically unique population (where the Bi-State population begins) and an examination of genetic structure within the Bi-State is needed to help guide effective management decisions. We collected DNA from eight sampling locales within the Bi-State (N = 181) and compared those samples to previously collected DNA from the two most proximal populations outside of the Bi-State DPS, generating mtDNA sequence data and amplifying 15 nuclear microsatellites. Both mtDNA and microsatellite analyses support the idea that the Bi-State DPS represents a genetically unique population, which has likely been separated for thousands of years. Seven mtDNA haplotypes were found exclusively in the Bi-State population and represented 73 % of individuals, while three haplotypes were shared with neighboring populations. In the microsatellite analyses both STRUCTURE and FCA separate the Bi-State from the neighboring populations. We also found genetic structure within the Bi-State as both types of data revealed differences between the northern and southern part of the Bi-State and there was evidence of isolation-by-distance. STRUCTURE revealed three subpopulations within the Bi-State consisting of the northern Pine Nut Mountains (PNa), mid Bi-State, and White Mountains (WM) following a north&ndash;south gradient. This genetic subdivision within the Bi-State is likely the result of habitat loss and fragmentation that has been exacerbated by recent human activities and the encroachment of singleleaf pinyon (<em>Pinus monophylla</em>) and juniper (<em>Juniperus</em> spp.) trees. While genetic concerns may be only one of many priorities for the conservation and management of the Bi-State greater sage-grouse, we believe that they warrant attention along with other issues (e.g., quality of sagebrush habitat, preventing future loss of habitat). Management actions that promote genetic connectivity, especially with respect to WM and PNa, may be critical to the long-term viability of the Bi-State DPS.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-014-0618-8","usgsCitation":"Oyler-McCance, S.J., Casazza, M.L., Fike, J.A., and Coates, P.S., 2014, Hierarchical spatial genetic structure in a distinct population segment of greater sage-grouse: Conservation Genetics, v. 15, no. 6, p. 1299-1311, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-014-0618-8.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1299","endPage":"1311","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052505","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295364,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295348,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-014-0618-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","volume":"15","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5440de2de4b0b0a643c732db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oyler-McCance, Sara J. 0000-0003-1599-8769 sara_oyler-mccance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1599-8769","contributorId":1973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"Sara","email":"sara_oyler-mccance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fike, Jennifer A. fikej@usgs.gov","contributorId":4564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fike","given":"Jennifer","email":"fikej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70173453,"text":"70173453 - 2014 - Comparative bioenergetics modeling of two Lake Trout morphotypes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T12:20:20","indexId":"70173453","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-06T06:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative bioenergetics modeling of two Lake Trout morphotypes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Efforts to restore Lake Trout&nbsp;</span><i>Salvelinus namaycush</i><span>&nbsp;in the Laurentian Great Lakes have been hampered for decades by several factors, including overfishing and invasive species (e.g., parasitism by Sea Lampreys&nbsp;</span><i>Petromyzon marinus</i><span>&nbsp;and reproductive deficiencies associated with consumption of Alewives&nbsp;</span><i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i><span>). Restoration efforts are complicated by the presence of multiple body forms (i.e., morphotypes) of Lake Trout that differ in habitat utilization, prey consumption, lipid storage, and spawning preferences. Bioenergetics models constitute one tool that is used to help inform management and restoration decisions; however, bioenergetic differences among morphotypes have not been evaluated. The goal of this research was to investigate bioenergetic differences between two actively stocked morphotypes: lean and humper Lake Trout. We measured consumption and respiration rates across a wide range of temperatures (4&ndash;22&deg;C) and size-classes (5&ndash;100&nbsp;g) to develop bioenergetics models for juvenile Lake Trout. Bayesian estimation was used so that uncertainty could be propagated through final growth predictions. Differences between morphotypes were minimal, but when present, the differences were temperature and weight dependent. Basal respiration did not differ between morphotypes at any temperature or size-class. When growth and consumption differed between morphotypes, the differences were not consistent across the size ranges tested. Management scenarios utilizing the temperatures presently found in the Great Lakes (e.g., predicted growth at an average temperature of 11.7&deg;C and 14.4&deg;C during a 30-d period) demonstrated no difference in growth between the two morphotypes. Due to a lack of consistent differences between lean and humper Lake Trout, we developed a model that combined data from both morphotypes. The combined model yielded results similar to those of the morphotype-specific models, suggesting that accounting for morphotype differences may not be necessary in bioenergetics modeling of lean and humper Lake Trout.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2014.954051","usgsCitation":"Kepler, M.V., Wagner, T., and Sweka, J.A., 2014, Comparative bioenergetics modeling of two Lake Trout morphotypes: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 6, p. 1592-1604, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.954051.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1592","endPage":"1604","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052962","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Comparative_Bioenergetics_Modeling_of_Two_Lake_Trout_Morphotypes/1246729","text":"External Repository"},{"id":323990,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"143","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913b4e4b07657d19fefed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kepler, Megan V.","contributorId":172106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kepler","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sweka, John A.","contributorId":80945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweka","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70110939,"text":"70110939 - 2014 - Fifteen-year patterns of soil carbon and nitrogen following biomass harvesting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-02T09:49:39","indexId":"70110939","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-02T09:43:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fifteen-year patterns of soil carbon and nitrogen following biomass harvesting","docAbstract":"The substitution of forest-derived woody biofuels for fossil fuel energy has garnered increasing attention in recent years, but information regarding the mid- and long-term effects on soil productivity is limited. We investigated 15-yr temporal trends in forest floor and mineral soil (0–30 cm) C and N pools in response to organic matter removal treatments (OMR; stem-only harvest, SOH; whole-tree harvest, WTH; and whole-tree plus forest floor removal, FFR) at three edaphically distinct aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i> Michx. and <i>P. grandidentata</i> Michx.) forests in the Great Lakes region. The OMR and temporal effects were generally site specific, and both were most evident in the forest floor and combined profile (mineral soil and forest floor) compared with the mineral soil alone. Forest floor and combined profile C and N pools were generally similar in the SOH and WTH treatments, suggesting that slash retention has little impact on soil C and N in this time frame. Temporal changes in C and N at one of the three sites were consistent with patterns documented following exotic earthworm invasion, but mineral soil pools at the other two sites were stable over time. Power analyses demonstrated that significant effects were more likely to be detected for temporal differences than the effects of OMR and in the combined profile than in the mineral soil. Our findings are consistent with previous work demonstrating that OMR effects on soil C and N pools are site specific and more apparent in the forest floor than the mineral soil.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0360","usgsCitation":"Kurth, V., D’Amato, A.W., Palik, B.J., and Bradford, J.B., 2014, Fifteen-year patterns of soil carbon and nitrogen following biomass harvesting: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 78, no. 2, p. 624-633, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0360.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"624","endPage":"633","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-051390","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287945,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287944,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0360"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.6753,44.2915 ], [ -94.6753,47.8472 ], [ -83.2909,47.8472 ], [ -83.2909,44.2915 ], [ -94.6753,44.2915 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"78","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae76c3e4b0abf75cf2bff7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurth, Valerie J.","contributorId":7624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurth","given":"Valerie J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":28140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6735,"text":"University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":494208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Palik, Brian J.","contributorId":78619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palik","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70103152,"text":"70103152 - 2014 - Estimating sample size for landscape-scale mark-recapture studies of North American migratory tree bats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-01T15:17:53","indexId":"70103152","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-01T15:13:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":629,"text":"Acta Chiropterologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating sample size for landscape-scale mark-recapture studies of North American migratory tree bats","docAbstract":"Concern for migratory tree-roosting bats in North America has grown because of possible population declines from wind energy development. This concern has driven interest in estimating population-level changes. Mark-recapture methodology is one possible analytical framework for assessing bat population changes, but sample size requirements to produce reliable estimates have not been estimated. To illustrate the sample sizes necessary for a mark-recapture-based monitoring program we conducted power analyses using a statistical model that allows reencounters of live and dead marked individuals. We ran 1,000 simulations for each of five broad sample size categories in a Burnham joint model, and then compared the proportion of simulations in which 95% confidence intervals overlapped between and among years for a 4-year study. Additionally, we conducted sensitivity analyses of sample size to various capture probabilities and recovery probabilities. More than 50,000 individuals per year would need to be captured and released to accurately determine 10% and 15% declines in annual survival. To detect more dramatic declines of 33% or 50% survival over four years, then sample sizes of 25,000 or 10,000 per year, respectively, would be sufficient. Sensitivity analyses reveal that increasing recovery of dead marked individuals may be more valuable than increasing capture probability of marked individuals. Because of the extraordinary effort that would be required, we advise caution should such a mark-recapture effort be initiated because of the difficulty in attaining reliable estimates. We make recommendations for what techniques show the most promise for mark-recapture studies of bats because some techniques violate the assumptions of mark-recapture methodology when used to mark bats.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Acta Chiropterologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.3161/150811014X683426","usgsCitation":"Ellison, L.E., and Lukacs, P., 2014, Estimating sample size for landscape-scale mark-recapture studies of North American migratory tree bats: Acta Chiropterologica, v. 16, no. 1, p. 231-239, https://doi.org/10.3161/150811014X683426.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"239","ipdsId":"IP-056218","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294737,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294736,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3161/150811014X683426"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542d179ae4b092f17defc5a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellison, Laura E. ellisonl@usgs.gov","contributorId":3220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Laura","email":"ellisonl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lukacs, Paul M.","contributorId":43285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukacs","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70121922,"text":"70121922 - 2014 - Benzo[<i>b</i>]naphthothiophenes and alkyl dibenzothiophenes: molecular tracers for oil migration distances","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-26T11:38:59","indexId":"70121922","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-01T11:33:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Benzo[<i>b</i>]naphthothiophenes and alkyl dibenzothiophenes: molecular tracers for oil migration distances","docAbstract":"<p>The secondary migration of petroleum is one of the most critical geological processes responsible for the accumulation of hydrocarbons in a sedimentary basin. Pyrrolic nitrogen compounds such as carbazoles and benzocarbazoles are thought to be practical molecular indicators for estimating relative migration distances of oil. In light oils or condensates, however, considerable analytical errors are usually caused by low concentrations of NSO-compounds. Here we show that polycyclic sulfur aromatic hydrocarbons such as dibenzothiophene, C<sub>1</sub>∼C<sub>3</sub> alkylated dibenzothiophenes and benzo[<i>b</i>]naphthothiophenes, which are present in relatively higher concentrations than the pyrrolic nitrogen compounds, exhibit changes in both absolute and relative concentrations that correlate with migration distances. The polycyclic sulfur aromatic hydrocarbons related parameters — benzo[<i>b</i>]naphtho[2,1-<i>d</i>]thiophene/{benzo[<i>b</i>]naphtho[2,1-<i>d</i>]thiophene + benzo[<i>b</i>]naphtho[1,2-<i>d</i>]thiophene} (abbreviated as [2,1]BNT/([2,1]BNT+[1,2]BNT) and the concentration of total dibenzothiophenes plus benzo[<i>b</i>]naphthothiophenes — are proposed by this paper to trace the oil migration distances.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.06.012","usgsCitation":"Li, M., Wang, T., Shi, S., Liu, K., and Ellis, G.S., 2014, Benzo[<i>b</i>]naphthothiophenes and alkyl dibenzothiophenes: molecular tracers for oil migration distances: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 57, p. 403-417, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.06.012.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"403","endPage":"417","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-042970","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293025,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292984,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.06.012"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Tarim Basin;Tahe Oil Field","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 76.14,36.59 ], [ 76.14,41.7 ], [ 90.74,41.7 ], [ 90.74,36.59 ], [ 76.14,36.59 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"57","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fd9f47e4b0adaeea6c4df0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Meijun","contributorId":73478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Meijun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, T.-G.","contributorId":56387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"T.-G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shi, Shengbao","contributorId":32419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"Shengbao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, Keyu","contributorId":54120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Keyu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70150322,"text":"70150322 - 2014 - Fish biodiversity sampling in stream ecosystems: a process for evaluating the appropriate types and amount of gear","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-24T11:26:18","indexId":"70150322","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":862,"text":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish biodiversity sampling in stream ecosystems: a process for evaluating the appropriate types and amount of gear","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"aqc2420-list-0001\" class=\"numbered\">\n<li id=\"aqc2420-li-0001\">Because human impacts and climate change threaten aquatic ecosystems, a need exists to quantify catchment-scale biodiversity patterns and identify conservation actions that can mitigate adverse human impacts on aquatic biota.</li>\n<li id=\"aqc2420-li-0002\">Whereas many traditional aquatic resource questions can be answered by repeatedly sampling a few target species with limited types of gear in the same habitats, sampling fish biodiversity patterns at larger scales requires a different approach. Researchers and managers need to determine the types of sampling gear and amount of effort that provide a representative estimate of biodiversity in a range of habitats across a catchment.</li>\n<li id=\"aqc2420-li-0003\">Using a randomized block design within a 90-m stream reach that contained the same habitats as the scientific study area, fish assemblages were compared using three different types of gear (minnow traps, backpack electrofishing, and hoop nets) at three levels of effort (one, two, and three mixed-gear units) over four replicate days.</li>\n<li id=\"aqc2420-li-0004\">A mixture of gear types best quantified fish assemblages. A combination of 10 minnow traps, 20-m of backpack electrofishing, and two hoop nets caught the most species. Additional gear added few new species. Resampling confirmed these results.</li>\n<li id=\"aqc2420-li-0005\">When researchers and managers initiate sampling on a new stream or river system, they do not know how effective each gear type is and whether their sampling effort is adequate. Although the types and amount of gear may be different for other studies, systems, and research questions, the five-step process described here for making sampling decisions and evaluating sampling efficiency can be applied widely to any system to restore, manage, and conserve aquatic ecosystems. It is believed that incorporating this gear-evaluation process into a wide variety of studies and ecosystems will increase rigour within and across aquatic biodiversity studies.</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/aqc.2420","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.M., Wells, S.P., Mather, M.E., and Muth, R.M., 2014, Fish biodiversity sampling in stream ecosystems: a process for evaluating the appropriate types and amount of gear: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, v. 24, no. 3, p. 338-350, https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2420.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"338","endPage":"350","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044030","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305955,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Fish Brook","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.0870361328125,\n              42.622844161937174\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0870361328125,\n              42.69959515809203\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.93116760253906,\n              42.69959515809203\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.93116760253906,\n              42.622844161937174\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0870361328125,\n              42.622844161937174\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b361b2e4b09a3b01b5daa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Joseph M.","contributorId":106712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":17855,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, Sarah P.","contributorId":145927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wells","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muth, Robert M.","contributorId":41682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70155238,"text":"70155238 - 2014 - Transformation products and human metabolites of triclocarban and tricllosan in sewage sludge across the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:39:55","indexId":"70155238","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transformation products and human metabolites of triclocarban and tricllosan in sewage sludge across the United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Removal of triclocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS) from wastewater is a function of adsorption, abiotic degradation, and microbial mineralization or transformation, reactions that are not currently controlled or optimized in the pollution control infrastructure of standard wastewater treatment. Here, we report on the levels of eight transformation products, human metabolites, and manufacturing byproducts of TCC and TCS in raw and treated sewage sludge. Two sample sets were studied: samples collected once from 14 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) representing nine states, and multiple samples collected from one WWTP monitored for 12 months. Time-course analysis of significant mass fluxes (&alpha; = 0.01) indicate that transformation of TCC (dechlorination) and TCS (methylation) occurred during sewage conveyance and treatment. Strong linear correlations were found between TCC and the human metabolite 2&prime;-hydroxy-TCC (</span><i>r</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.84), and between the TCC-dechlorination products dichlorocarbanilide (DCC) and monochlorocarbanilide (</span><i>r</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.99). Mass ratios of DCC-to-TCC and of methyl-triclosan (MeTCS)-to-TCS, serving as indicators of transformation activity, revealed that transformation was widespread under different treatment regimes across the WWTPs sampled, though the degree of transformation varied significantly among study sites (&alpha; = 0.01). The analysis of sludge sampled before and after different unit operation steps (i.e., anaerobic digestion, sludge heat treatment, and sludge drying) yielded insights into the extent and location of TCC and TCS transformation. Results showed anaerobic digestion to be important for MeTCS transformation (37&ndash;74%), whereas its contribution to partial TCC dechlorination was limited (0.4&ndash;2.1%). This longitudinal and nationwide survey is the first to report the occurrence of transformation products, human metabolites, and manufacturing byproducts of TCC and TCS in sewage sludge.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es5006362","usgsCitation":"Pycke, B.F., Roll, I.B., Brownawell, B., Kinney, C.A., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., and Halden, R.U., 2014, Transformation products and human metabolites of triclocarban and tricllosan in sewage sludge across the United States: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 48, p. 7881-7890, https://doi.org/10.1021/es5006362.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"7881","endPage":"7890","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053412","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1021/es5006362","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306436,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c333b0e4b033ef52106aa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pycke, Benny F.G.","contributorId":15056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pycke","given":"Benny","email":"","middleInitial":"F.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roll, Isaac B.","contributorId":146303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roll","given":"Isaac","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brownawell, Bruce J.","contributorId":108264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownawell","given":"Bruce J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kinney, Chad A.","contributorId":56952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinney","given":"Chad","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Halden, Rolf U.","contributorId":73865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halden","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
]}