{"pageNumber":"1510","pageRowStart":"37725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70044298,"text":"70044298 - 2012 - Fold-to-fault progression of a major thrust zone revealed in horses of the North Mountain fault zone, Virginia and West Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T15:44:43","indexId":"70044298","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2308,"text":"Journal of Geological Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fold-to-fault progression of a major thrust zone revealed in horses of the North Mountain fault zone, Virginia and West Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"The method of emplacement and sequential deformation of major thrust zones may be deciphered by detailed geologic mapping of these important structures. Thrust fault zones may have added complexity when horse blocks are contained within them. However, these horses can be an important indicator of the fault development holding information on fault-propagation folding or fold-to-fault progression. The North Mountain fault zone of the Central Appalachians, USA, was studied in order to better understand the relationships of horse blocks to hanging wall and footwall structures. The North Mountain fault zone in northwestern Virginia and eastern panhandle of West Virginia is the Late Mississippian to Permian Alleghanian structure that developed after regional-scale folding. Evidence for this deformation sequence is a consistent progression of right-side up to overturned strata in horses within the fault zone. Rocks on the southeast side (hinterland) of the zone are almost exclusively right-side up, whereas rocks on the northwest side (foreland) of the zone are almost exclusively overturned. This suggests that the fault zone developed along the overturned southeast limb of a syncline to the northwest and the adjacent upright limb of a faulted anticline to the southeast.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geological Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","doi":"10.1155/2012/294093","usgsCitation":"Orndorff, R.C., 2012, Fold-to-fault progression of a major thrust zone revealed in horses of the North Mountain fault zone, Virginia and West Virginia, USA: Journal of Geological Research, v. 2012, 294093; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/294093.","productDescription":"294093; 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-027226","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2012/294093","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":272770,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272769,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/294093"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia;West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"North Mountain Fault Zone","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.68,36.54 ], [ -83.68,40.6 ], [ -75.24,40.6 ], [ -75.24,36.54 ], [ -83.68,36.54 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2012","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f3a64e4b0687ba0506baa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orndorff, Randall C. 0000-0002-8956-5803 rorndorf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-5803","contributorId":2739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Randall","email":"rorndorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044291,"text":"70044291 - 2012 - Determination of nonylphenol isomers in landfill leachate and municipal wastewater using steam distillation extraction coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-24T15:26:20","indexId":"70044291","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2214,"text":"Journal of Chromatography A","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of nonylphenol isomers in landfill leachate and municipal wastewater using steam distillation extraction coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"4-Nonylphenols (4-NPs) are known endocrine disruptors and by-products of the microbial degradation of nonylphenol polyethoxylate surfactants. One of the challenges to understanding the toxic effects of nonylphenols is the large number of isomers that may exist in environmental samples. In order to attribute toxic effects to specific compounds, a method is needed for the separation and quantitation of individual nonylphenol isomers. The pre-concentration methods of solvent sublimation, solid-phase extraction or liquid–liquid extraction prior to chromatographic analysis can be problematic because of co-extraction of thousands of compounds typically found in complex matrices such as municipal wastewater or landfill leachate. In the present study, steam distillation extraction (SDE) was found to be an effective pre-concentration method for extraction of 4-NPs from leachate and wastewater, and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) coupled with fast mass spectral data acquisition by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ToFMS) enhanced the resolution and identification of 4-NP isomers. Concentrations of eight 4-NP isomers were determined in leachate from landfill cells of different age and wastewater influent and effluent samples. 4-NP isomers were about 3 times more abundant in leachate from the younger cell than the older one, whereas concentrations in wastewater effluent were either below detection limits or <1% of influent concentrations. 4-NP isomer distribution patterns were found to have been altered following release to the environment. This is believed to reflect isomer-specific degradation and accumulation of 4-NPs in the aquatic environment.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Chromatography A","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.109","usgsCitation":"Zhang, C., Eganhouse, R., Pontolillo, J., Cozzarelli, I.M., and Wang, Y., 2012, Determination of nonylphenol isomers in landfill leachate and municipal wastewater using steam distillation extraction coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry: Journal of Chromatography A, v. 1230, p. 110-116, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.109.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"116","ipdsId":"IP-030281","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268627,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.109"}],"volume":"1230","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5178fee3e4b0d842c705f6d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Caixiang","contributorId":61321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Caixiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eganhouse, Robert P. eganhous@usgs.gov","contributorId":2031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eganhouse","given":"Robert P.","email":"eganhous@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pontolillo, James jpontoli@usgs.gov","contributorId":2033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pontolillo","given":"James","email":"jpontoli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wang, Yanxin","contributorId":81389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Yanxin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70044280,"text":"70044280 - 2012 - Calibration and intercomparison of acetic acid measurements using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-05T09:44:59","indexId":"70044280","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":926,"text":"Atmospheric Measurement Techniques","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calibration and intercomparison of acetic acid measurements using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS)","docAbstract":"Acetic acid is one of the most abundant organic acids in the ambient atmosphere, with maximum mixing ratios reaching into the tens of parts per billion by volume (ppbv) range. The identities and associated magnitudes of the major sources and sinks for acetic acid are poorly characterized, due in part to the limitation in available measurement techniques. This paper demonstrates that Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) can reliably quantify acetic acid vapor in ambient air. Three different PTR-MS configurations were calibrated at low ppbv mixing ratios using permeation tubes, which yielded calibration factors between 7.0 and 10.9 normalized counts per second per ppbv (ncps ppbv<sup>−1</sup>) at a drift tube field strength of 132 townsend (Td). Detection limits ranged from 0.06 to 0.32 ppbv with dwell times of 5 s. These calibration factors showed negligible humidity dependence. Using the experimentally determined calibration factors, PTR-MS measurements of acetic acid during the International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT) campaign were validated against results obtained using Mist Chambers coupled with Ion Chromatography (MC/IC). An orthogonal least squares linear regression of paired data yielded a slope of 1.14 ± 0.06 (2σ), an intercept of 0.049 ± 20 (2σ) ppbv, and an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.78. The median mixing ratio of acetic acid on Appledore Island, ME during the ICARTT campaign was 0.530 ± 0.025 ppbv with a minimum of 0.075 ± 0.004 ppbv, and a maximum of 3.555 ± 0.171 ppbv.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Atmospheric Measurement Techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","publisherLocation":"Munich, Germany","doi":"10.5194/amtd-5-4635-2012","usgsCitation":"Haase, K., Keene, W., Pszenny, A., Mayne, H., Talbot, R., and Sive, B., 2012, Calibration and intercomparison of acetic acid measurements using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS): Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, v. 5, no. 4, p. 4635-4665, https://doi.org/10.5194/amtd-5-4635-2012.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"4635","endPage":"4665","ipdsId":"IP-041862","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/amtd-5-4635-2012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268741,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268740,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-5-4635-2012"}],"volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"513721f3e4b02ab8869bffbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haase, K.B.","contributorId":80940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haase","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keene, W.C.","contributorId":71457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keene","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pszenny, A.A.P.","contributorId":62482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pszenny","given":"A.A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mayne, H.R.","contributorId":21016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayne","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Talbot, R.W.","contributorId":18645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sive, B.C.","contributorId":66518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sive","given":"B.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70044270,"text":"70044270 - 2012 - Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-23T13:14:56","indexId":"70044270","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle","docAbstract":"In the Arctic Ocean, the cold and relatively fresh water beneath the sea ice is separated from the underlying warmer and saltier Atlantic Layer by a halocline. Ongoing sea ice loss and warming in the Arctic Ocean have demonstrated the instability of the halocline, with implications for further sea ice loss. The stability of the halocline through past climate variations is unclear. Here we estimate intermediate water temperatures over the past 50,000 years from the Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca values of ostracods from 31 Arctic sediment cores. From about 50 to 11 kyr ago, the central Arctic Basin from 1,000 to 2,500 m was occupied by a water mass we call Glacial Arctic Intermediate Water. This water mass was 1–2 °C warmer than modern Arctic Intermediate Water, with temperatures peaking during or just before millennial-scale Heinrich cold events and the Younger Dryas cold interval. We use numerical modelling to show that the intermediate depth warming could result from the expected decrease in the flux of fresh water to the Arctic Ocean during glacial conditions, which would cause the halocline to deepen and push the warm Atlantic Layer into intermediate depths. Although not modelled, the reduced formation of cold, deep waters due to the exposure of the Arctic continental shelf could also contribute to the intermediate depth warming.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/ngeo1557","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., Dwyer, G.S., Farmer, J., Bauch, H., Spielhagen, R., Jakobsson, M., Nilsson, J., Briggs, W.M., and Stepanova, A., 2012, Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle: Nature Geoscience, v. 5, p. 631-634, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1557.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"631","endPage":"634","ipdsId":"IP-034585","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d83777bd","text":"External Repository"},{"id":271398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271397,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1557"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,70.0 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,70.0 ], [ -180.0,70.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5177ad64e4b095699adf274d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dwyer, G. S.","contributorId":39951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farmer, J.","contributorId":26419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauch, H.A.","contributorId":46860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauch","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spielhagen, R.F.","contributorId":97797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spielhagen","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jakobsson, M.","contributorId":86970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jakobsson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nilsson, J.","contributorId":97798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Briggs, W. M. Jr.","contributorId":60249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stepanova, A.","contributorId":69441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stepanova","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70044255,"text":"70044255 - 2012 - Assessing confidence in Pliocene sea surface temperatures to evaluate predictive models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:15:38","indexId":"70044255","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing confidence in Pliocene sea surface temperatures to evaluate predictive models","docAbstract":"In light of mounting empirical evidence that planetary warming is well underway, the climate research community looks to palaeoclimate research for a ground-truthing measure with which to test the accuracy of future climate simulations. Model experiments that attempt to simulate climates of the past serve to identify both similarities and differences between two climate states and, when compared with simulations run by other models and with geological data, to identify model-specific biases. Uncertainties associated with both the data and the models must be considered in such an exercise. The most recent period of sustained global warmth similar to what is projected for the near future occurred about 3.3–3.0 million years ago, during the Pliocene epoch. Here, we present Pliocene sea surface temperature data, newly characterized in terms of level of confidence, along with initial experimental results from four climate models. We conclude that, in terms of sea surface temperature, models are in good agreement with estimates of Pliocene sea surface temperature in most regions except the North Atlantic. Our analysis indicates that the discrepancy between the Pliocene proxy data and model simulations in the mid-latitudes of the North Atlantic, where models underestimate warming shown by our highest-confidence data, may provide a new perspective and insight into the predictive abilities of these models in simulating a past warm interval in Earth history. This is important because the Pliocene has a number of parallels to present predictions of late twenty-first century climate.","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","publisherLocation":"London, U.K.","doi":"10.1038/nclimate1455","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H.J., Robinson, M.M., Haywood, A.M., Hill, D.J., Dolan, A.M., Stoll, D.K., Chan, W., Abe-Ouchi, A., Chandler, M.A., Rosenbloom, N.A., Otto-Bliesner, B.L., Bragg, F.J., Lunt, D.J., Foley, K.M., and Riesselman, C., 2012, Assessing confidence in Pliocene sea surface temperatures to evaluate predictive models: Nature Climate Change, v. 2, p. 365-371, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1455.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"365","endPage":"371","ipdsId":"IP-036067","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20140011360","text":"External Repository"},{"id":270690,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270689,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1455"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51653864e4b077fa94dadf72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, Marci M. 0000-0002-9200-4097 mmrobinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-4097","contributorId":2082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci","email":"mmrobinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haywood, Alan M.","contributorId":86663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haywood","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hill, Daniel J.","contributorId":80993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dolan, Aisling M.","contributorId":30117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolan","given":"Aisling","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stoll, Danielle K.","contributorId":88236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoll","given":"Danielle","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chan, Wing-Le","contributorId":94941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chan","given":"Wing-Le","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Abe-Ouchi, Ayako","contributorId":94942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abe-Ouchi","given":"Ayako","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Chandler, Mark A.","contributorId":101768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rosenbloom, Nan A.","contributorId":104788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbloom","given":"Nan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.","contributorId":85022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto-Bliesner","given":"Bette","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bragg, Fran J.","contributorId":97793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bragg","given":"Fran","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lunt, Daniel J.","contributorId":101168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunt","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Foley, Kevin M. 0000-0003-1013-462X kfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-462X","contributorId":2543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Kevin","email":"kfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Riesselman, Christina R.","contributorId":42501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riesselman","given":"Christina R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70044993,"text":"70044993 - 2012 - Industrial sand and gravel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-28T20:32:17","indexId":"70044993","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Industrial sand and gravel","docAbstract":"Domestic production of industrial sand and gravel in 2011 was about 30 Mt (33 million st), increasing slightly compared with 2010. Some important end uses for industrial sand and gravel include abrasives, filtration, foundry, glassmaking, hydraulic fracturing sand (frac sand) and silicon metal applications.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Dolley, T., 2012, Industrial sand and gravel: Mining Engineering, v. 64, no. 6, p. 65-65.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"65","ipdsId":"IP-005453","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271563,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517e44ebe4b0eff6bc0031cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dolley, T.P.","contributorId":24171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolley","given":"T.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044214,"text":"70044214 - 2012 - Dwarf char, a new form of chars (the genus <i>Salvelinus</i>) in Lake Kronotskoe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T12:26:26","indexId":"70044214","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1401,"text":"Doklady Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dwarf char, a new form of chars (the genus <i>Salvelinus</i>) in Lake Kronotskoe","docAbstract":"<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p><span>Lake Kronotskoe is situated in the Kronotskii State Nature Reserve and is a unique natural heritage of Kamchatka. The lake&ndash;river system of the reserve includes numerous springs and small streams and three large inflowing rivers, Listvennichnaya, Unana, and Uzon, which form the main bays of Lake Kro\uDBFF\uDC00notskoe; one river (Kronotskaya) flows from the lake. This river is characterized by several rapids, which are assumed to be unsurmountable barriers for fish migration. The ichthyofauna of the lake has been isolated for a long time, and some endemic fishes appeared, including char of the genus </span><i><span>Salvelinus </span></i><span>and the residen\uDBFF\uDC00tial form of red salmon </span><i><span>Oncorhynchus nerka </span></i><span>(the local name is kokanee). These species are perfect model objects to study microevolution processes. Char of Lake Kronotskoe are characterized by significant polymorphism and plasticity [1&ndash;3]; therefore, they are extremely valuable for studying the processes of speciation and form development. That is why the populations of char in Lake Kronotskoe are unique and attract special attention of researchers.&nbsp;</span></p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1134/S0012496612010048","usgsCitation":"Pavlov, S., Pivovarov, E., and Ostberg, C.O., 2012, Dwarf char, a new form of chars (the genus <i>Salvelinus</i>) in Lake Kronotskoe: Doklady Biological Sciences, v. 442, no. 1, p. 20-23, https://doi.org/10.1134/S0012496612010048.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036125","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271909,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia","otherGeospatial":"Lake Kronotskoe","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              159.949951171875,\n              54.667477840945715\n            ],\n            [\n              160.48828125,\n              54.667477840945715\n            ],\n            [\n              160.48828125,\n              54.95238569063361\n            ],\n            [\n              159.949951171875,\n              54.95238569063361\n            ],\n            [\n              159.949951171875,\n              54.667477840945715\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"442","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518a2263e4b061e1bd53336d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pavlov, S.D.","contributorId":66150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlov","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pivovarov, E.A.","contributorId":32807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pivovarov","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ostberg, Carl O. 0000-0003-1479-8458 costberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1479-8458","contributorId":3031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostberg","given":"Carl","email":"costberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044193,"text":"70044193 - 2012 - Dinocyst taphonomy, impact craters, cyst ghosts, and the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-25T11:29:32","indexId":"70044193","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3006,"text":"Palynology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dinocyst taphonomy, impact craters, cyst ghosts, and the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM)","docAbstract":"Dinocysts recovered from sediments related to the Chesapeake Bay impact structure in Virginia and the earliest Eocene suboxic environment in Maryland show strange and intriguing details of preservation. Features such as curled processes, opaque debris, breakage, microborings and cyst ghosts, among others, invite speculation about catastrophic depositional processes, rapid burial and biological and chemical decay. Selected specimens from seven cores taken in the coastal plain of Virginia and Maryland show abnormal preservation features in various combinations that merit illustration, description, discussion and further study. Although the depositional environments described are extreme, many of the features discussed are known from, or could be found in, other environments. These environments will show both similarities to and differences from the extreme environments here.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Palynology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01916122.2012.679205","usgsCitation":"Edwards, L.E., 2012, Dinocyst taphonomy, impact craters, cyst ghosts, and the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM): Palynology, v. 36, no. 1, p. 80-95, https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2012.679205.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"95","ipdsId":"IP-032726","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271462,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271459,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2012.679205"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl;Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.4633,36.9078 ], [ -76.4633,37.9656 ], [ -75.6353,37.9656 ], [ -75.6353,36.9078 ], [ -76.4633,36.9078 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517a5068e4b072c16ef14b12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044181,"text":"70044181 - 2012 - Kinetics of uncatalyzed thermochemical sulfate reduction by sulfur-free paraffin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-18T15:26:00","indexId":"70044181","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kinetics of uncatalyzed thermochemical sulfate reduction by sulfur-free paraffin","docAbstract":"To determine kinetic parameters of sulfate reduction by hydrocarbons (HC) without the initial presence of low valence sulfur, we carried out a series of isothermal gold-tube hydrous-pyrolysis experiments at 320, 340, and 360 °C under a constant confined pressure of 24.1 MPa. The reactants used consisted of saturated HC (sulfur-free) and CaSO<sub>4</sub> in an aqueous solution buffered to three different pH conditions without the addition of elemental sulfur (S<sub>8</sub>) or H<sub>2</sub>S as initiators. H<sub>2</sub>S produced in the course of reaction was proportional to the extent of the reduction of CaSO<sub>4</sub> that was initially the only sulfur-containing reactant. Our results show that the in situ pH of the aqueous solution (herein, in situ pH refers to the calculated pH value of the aqueous solution at certain experimental conditions) can significantly affect the rate of the thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) reaction. A substantial increase in the TSR reaction rate was observed with a decrease in the in situ pH.\n\nOur experimental results show that uncatalyzed TSR is a first-order reaction. The temperature dependence of experimentally measured H<sub>2</sub>S yields from sulfate reduction was fit with the Arrhenius equation. The determined activation energy for HC (sulfur-free) reacting with View the MathML sourceHSO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> in our experiments is 246.6 kJ/mol at pH values ranging from 3.0 to 3.5, which is slightly higher than the theoretical value of 227.0 kJ/mol using ab initio quantum chemical calculations on a similar reaction. Although the availability of reactive sulfate significantly affects the rate of reaction, a consistent rate constant was determined by accounting for the HSO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> ion concentration. Our experimental and theoretical approach to the determination of the kinetics of TSR is further validated by a reevaluation of several published experimental TSR datasets without the initial presence of native sulfur or H<sub>2</sub>S. When the effect of reactive sulfate concentration is appropriately accounted for, the published experimental TSR data yield kinetic parameters that are consistent with our values. Assuming MgSO<sub>4</sub> contact-ion-pair ([MgSO<sub>4</sub>]CIP) as the reactive form of sulfate in petroleum reservoir formation waters, a simple extrapolation of our experimentally derived HSO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> reduction kinetics as a proxy for [MgSO<sub>4</sub>]CIP to geologically reasonable conditions predicts onset temperatures (130–140 °C) that are comparable to those observed in nature.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2012.08.010","usgsCitation":"Zhang, T., Ellis, G.S., Ma, Q., Amrani, A., and Tang, Y., 2012, Kinetics of uncatalyzed thermochemical sulfate reduction by sulfur-free paraffin: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 96, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.08.010.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-033954","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273953,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273952,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.08.010"}],"volume":"96","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c18167e4b0dd0e00d921db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Tongwei","contributorId":107595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Tongwei","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ma, Qisheng","contributorId":35219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"Qisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amrani, Alon","contributorId":49258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amrani","given":"Alon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tang, Yongchun","contributorId":103166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"Yongchun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70044180,"text":"70044180 - 2012 - Inter-laboratory calibration of natural gas round robins for δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>13</sup>C using off-line and on-line techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-12T13:49:42","indexId":"70044180","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inter-laboratory calibration of natural gas round robins for δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>13</sup>C using off-line and on-line techniques","docAbstract":"Compound-specific carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of three natural gas round robins were calibrated by ten laboratories carrying out more than 800 measurements including both on-line and off-line methods. Two-point calibrations were performed with international measurement standards for hydrogen isotope ratios (VSMOW and SLAP) and carbon isotope ratios (NBS 19 and L-SVEC CO<sub>2</sub>). The consensus δ<sup>13</sup>C values and uncertainties were derived from the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) based on off-line measurements; the consensus δ<sup>2</sup>H values and uncertainties were derived from MLE of both off-line and on-line measurements, taking the bias of on-line measurements into account. The calibrated consensus values in ‰ relative to VSMOW and VPDB are:\n\n    NG1 (coal-related gas):\n\n        Methane: δ<sup>2</sup>H<sub>VSMOW</sub> = − 185.1‰ ± 1.2‰, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> = − 34.18‰ ± 0.10‰\n\n        Ethane: δ<sup>2</sup>H<sub>VSMOW</sub> = − 156.3‰ ± 1.8‰, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> = − 24.66‰ ± 0.11‰\n\n        Propane: δ<sup>2</sup>H<sub>VSMOW</sub> = − 143.6‰ ± 3.3‰, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> = − 22.21‰ ± 0.11‰\n\n        i-Butane: δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> = − 21.62‰ ± 0.12‰\n\n        n-Butane: δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> = − 21.74‰ ± 0.13‰\n\n        CO2: δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> = − 5.00‰ ± 0.12‰\n\n    NG2 (biogas):\n\n        Methane: δ<sup>2</sup>H<sub>VSMOW</sub> = − 237.0‰ ± 1.2‰, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> = − 68.89‰ ± 0.12‰\n\n    NG3 (oil-related gas):\n\n        Methane: δ<sup>2</sup>H<sub>VSMOW</sub> = − 167.6‰ ± 1.0‰, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> = − 43.61‰ ± 0.09‰\n\n        Ethane: δ<sup>2</sup>H<sub>VSMOW</sub> = − 164.1‰ ± 2.4‰, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> = − 40.24‰ ± 0.10‰\n\n        Propane: δ<sup>2</sup>H<sub>VSMOW</sub> = − 138.4‰ ± 3.0‰, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> = − 33.79‰ ± 0.09‰\n\nAll of the assigned values are traceable to the international carbon isotope standard of VPDB and hydrogen isotope standard of VSMOW.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.03.008","usgsCitation":"Dai, J., Xia, X., Li, Z., Coleman, D.D., Dias, R.F., Gao, L., Li, J., Deev, A., Li, J., Dessort, D., Duclerc, D., Li, L., Liu, J., Schloemer, S., Zhang, W., Ni, Y., Hu, G., Wang, X., and Tang, Y., 2012, Inter-laboratory calibration of natural gas round robins for δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>13</sup>C using off-line and on-line techniques: Chemical Geology, v. 310-311, p. 49-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.03.008.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"55","ipdsId":"IP-033612","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273645,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.03.008"}],"volume":"310-311","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b99867e4b07b9df6070f8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dai, Jinxing","contributorId":19066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dai","given":"Jinxing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xia, Xinyu","contributorId":54494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"Xinyu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, Zhisheng","contributorId":62505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Zhisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coleman, Dennis D.","contributorId":65750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dias, Robert F. rfdias@usgs.gov","contributorId":3746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dias","given":"Robert","email":"rfdias@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":475011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gao, Ling","contributorId":60522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gao","given":"Ling","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Li, Jian","contributorId":89433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Jian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Deev, Andrei","contributorId":17124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deev","given":"Andrei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Li, Jin","contributorId":105203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Jin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Dessort, Daniel","contributorId":92152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dessort","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Duclerc, Dominique","contributorId":69448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duclerc","given":"Dominique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Li, Liwu","contributorId":96572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Liwu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Liu, Jinzhong","contributorId":66155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Jinzhong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Schloemer, Stefan","contributorId":62506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloemer","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Zhang, Wenlong","contributorId":88250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Wenlong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Ni, Yunyan","contributorId":35628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ni","given":"Yunyan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Hu, Guoyi","contributorId":105997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"Guoyi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Wang, Xiaobo","contributorId":15917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Xiaobo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Tang, Yongchun","contributorId":103166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"Yongchun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}}
,{"id":70042741,"text":"70042741 - 2012 - A perspective on modern pesticides, pelagic fish declines, and unknown ecological resilience in highly managed ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-30T14:15:29.322183","indexId":"70042741","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A perspective on modern pesticides, pelagic fish declines, and unknown ecological resilience in highly managed ecosystems","docAbstract":"Pesticides applied on land are commonly transported by runoff or spray drift to aquatic ecosystems, where they are potentially toxic to fishes and other nontarget organisms. Pesticides add to and interact with other stressors of ecosystem processes, including surface-water diversions, losses of spawning and rearing habitats, nonnative species, and harmful algal blooms. Assessing the cumulative effects of pesticides on species or ecological functions has been difficult for historical, legal, conceptual, and practical reasons. To explore these challenges, we examine current-use (modern) pesticides and their potential connections to the abundances of fishes in the San Francisco Estuary (California). Declines in delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), and other species have triggered mandatory and expensive management actions in the urbanizing estuary and agriculturally productive Central Valley. Our inferences are transferable to other situations in which toxics may drive changes in ecological status and trends.","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Biological Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1525/bio.2012.62.4.13","usgsCitation":"Scholz, N.L., Fleishman, E., Brown, L., Werner, I., Johnson, M.L., Brooks, M.L., Mitchelmore, C., and Schlenk, D., 2012, A perspective on modern pesticides, pelagic fish declines, and unknown ecological resilience in highly managed ecosystems: BioScience, v. 62, no. 4, p. 428-434, https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2012.62.4.13.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"428","endPage":"434","ipdsId":"IP-021615","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2012.62.4.13","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268394,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.4,32.5 ], [ -124.4,42.0 ], [ -114.1,42.0 ], [ -114.1,32.5 ], [ -124.4,32.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4a42e4b0b290850efa8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholz, Nathaniel L.","contributorId":51618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholz","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleishman, Erica","contributorId":11863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleishman","given":"Erica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Larry 0000-0001-6702-4531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":69398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Werner, Inge","contributorId":38030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Inge","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Michael L.","contributorId":97781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brooks, Marjorie L.","contributorId":30108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Marjorie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mitchelmore, Carys L.","contributorId":28499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchelmore","given":"Carys L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schlenk, Daniel","contributorId":99845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlenk","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70042748,"text":"70042748 - 2012 - Exploring the Earth's crust: History and results of controlled-source seismology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-17T14:09:36.604527","indexId":"70042748","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":176,"text":"GSA Memoir","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"208","title":"Exploring the Earth's crust: History and results of controlled-source seismology","docAbstract":"This volume contains a comprehensive, worldwide history of seismological studies of the Earth’s crust using controlled sources from 1850 to 2005. Essentially all major seismic projects on land and the most important oceanic projects are covered. The time period 1850 to 1939 is presented as a general synthesis, and from 1940 onward the history and results are presented in separate chapters for each decade, with the material organized by geographical region. Each chapter highlights the major advances achieved during that decade in terms of data acquisition, processing technology, and interpretation methods. For all major seismic projects, the authors provide specific details on field observations, interpreted crustal cross sections, and key references. They conclude with global and continental-scale maps of all field measurements and interpreted Moho contours. An accompanying DVD contains important out-of-print publications and an extensive collection of controlled-source data, location maps, and crustal cross sections.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","usgsCitation":"Prodehl, C., and Mooney, W.D., 2012, Exploring the Earth's crust: History and results of controlled-source seismology: GSA Memoir 208, 764 p.","productDescription":"764 p.","ipdsId":"IP-030032","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272250,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527a2183e4b051792d01951b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prodehl, Claus","contributorId":81082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prodehl","given":"Claus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70042750,"text":"70042750 - 2012 - Crustal seismicity and the earthquake catalog maximum moment magnitudes (Mcmax) in stable continental regions (SCRs): Correlation with the seismic velocity of the lithosphere","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T16:26:24.96964","indexId":"70042750","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Crustal seismicity and the earthquake catalog maximum moment magnitudes (<i>M</i><sub>cmax</sub>) in stable continental regions (SCRs): Correlation with the seismic velocity of the lithosphere","title":"Crustal seismicity and the earthquake catalog maximum moment magnitudes (Mcmax) in stable continental regions (SCRs): Correlation with the seismic velocity of the lithosphere","docAbstract":"<p><span>A joint analysis of global seismicity and seismic tomography indicates that the seismic potential of continental intraplate regions is correlated with the seismic properties of the lithosphere. Archean and Early Proterozoic cratons with cold, stable continental lithospheric roots have fewer crustal earthquakes and a lower maximum earthquake catalog moment magnitude (</span><i>M</i><sub>cmax</sub><span>). The geographic distribution of thick lithospheric roots is inferred from the global seismic model S40RTS that displays shear-velocity perturbations (δ</span><i>V</i><sub>S</sub><span>) relative to the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM). We compare δ</span><i>V</i><sub>S</sub><span>&nbsp;at a depth of 175</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km with the locations and moment magnitudes (</span><i>M</i><sub>w</sub><span>) of intraplate earthquakes in the crust (</span><a class=\"workspace-trigger\" name=\"bbib45\" href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X12004608?via%3Dihub#bib45\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X12004608?via%3Dihub#bib45\">Schulte and Mooney, 2005</a><span>). Many intraplate earthquakes concentrate around the pronounced lateral gradients in lithospheric thickness that surround the cratons and few earthquakes occur within cratonic interiors. Globally, 27% of stable continental lithosphere is underlain by δ</span><i>V</i><sub>S</sub><span>≥3.0%, yet only 6.5% of crustal earthquakes with&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub>w</sub><span>&gt;4.5 occur above these regions with thick lithosphere. No earthquakes in our catalog with&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub>w</sub><span>&gt;6 have occurred above mantle lithosphere with δ</span><i>V</i><sub>S</sub><span>&gt;3.5%, although such lithosphere comprises 19% of stable continental regions. Thus, for cratonic interiors with seismically determined thick lithosphere (1) there is a significant decrease in the number of crustal earthquakes, and (2) the maximum moment magnitude found in the earthquake catalog is&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub>cmax</sub><span>=6.0. We attribute these observations to higher lithospheric strength beneath cratonic interiors due to lower temperatures and dehydration in both the lower crust and the highly depleted lithospheric root.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2012.08.032","usgsCitation":"Mooney, W.D., Ritsema, J., and Hwang, Y.K., 2012, Crustal seismicity and the earthquake catalog maximum moment magnitudes (Mcmax) in stable continental regions (SCRs): Correlation with the seismic velocity of the lithosphere: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 357-358, p. 78-83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.08.032.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"78","endPage":"83","ipdsId":"IP-042943","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"357-358","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51765be7e4b0f989f99e00e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ritsema, Jeroen","contributorId":50070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritsema","given":"Jeroen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hwang, Yong Keun","contributorId":30900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hwang","given":"Yong","email":"","middleInitial":"Keun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044155,"text":"70044155 - 2012 - Correlation of resource plays and biodiversity patterns: accumulation of organic-rich shale tracks taxonomic turnover","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-19T11:03:26","indexId":"70044155","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1717,"text":"GCAGS Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of resource plays and biodiversity patterns: accumulation of organic-rich shale tracks taxonomic turnover","docAbstract":"Similar paleogeographic and paleotectonic settings characterize most self-sourced shale hydrocarbon plays. Their deposition occurred within similar orders of magnitude of eustatic events and during geologic periods characterized by “warm” (or transitional) climates and calcitic seas. In addition, the stratigraphic occurrence of shale plays parallels certain historical patterns of marine metazoan biodiversity. Such strong agreement among several correlation tools elucidates why these resources may be limited to discrete intervals of geological time. Correlation of self-sourced shale with biodiversity trends indicates that the factors controlling the deposition of marine organic matter may not be independent of those that induced taxonomic turnover. Paleoecological changes promoted accumulation and preservation of Type II kerogen. Deposition of self-sourced shale appears to correspond to reductions in absolute biodiversity and declining percentages of bioturbating taxa, with concomitant increases in proportions of pelagic taxa relative to infaunal and epifaunal organisms. Whereas upwelling and anoxia may have contributed to the deposition of kerogen in source rocks throughout much of the sedimentary record, diminished consumption of biomass by benthic metazoans likely augmented the preservation of organic carbon during deposition of this shale type. Rapid tectonic-plate reconfiguration induced coeval events, creating basins with sufficiently high rates of accommodation creation necessary to preserve additional organic material accumulating as the heterotrophic benthos suffered in response to rapidly changing environments. Combining sea-level curves, paleogeography, climate, and seawater chemistry provides a first-order approximation of the distribution of potential self-sourced shale in the geologic record. A model that predicts the stratigraphic distribution of self-sourced-shale deposition can aid in exploration of continuous hydrocarbon accumulations in self-sourced reservoirs globally.","language":"English","publisher":"GCAGS","usgsCitation":"Eoff, J.D., 2012, Correlation of resource plays and biodiversity patterns: accumulation of organic-rich shale tracks taxonomic turnover: GCAGS Journal, v. 1, no. 2012, p. 1-12.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-035672","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271353,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271352,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.gcags.org/Journal/GCAGS.Journal.Vol.1.html"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2012","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51765be5e4b0f989f99e00cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eoff, Jennifer D. jeoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":3418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eoff","given":"Jennifer","email":"jeoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044151,"text":"70044151 - 2012 - Ages of pre-rift basement and synrift rocks along the conjugate rift and transform margins of the Argintine Precordillera and Laurentia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-07T10:23:18","indexId":"70044151","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ages of pre-rift basement and synrift rocks along the conjugate rift and transform margins of the Argintine Precordillera and Laurentia","docAbstract":"New geochronologic data from basement rocks support the interpretation that the Argentine Precordillera (Cuyania) terrane was rifted from the Ouachita embayment of the Iapetan margin of Laurentia. New data from the Ozark dome show a range of ages in two groups at 1466 ± 3 to 1462 ± 1 Ma and 1323 ± 2 to 1317 ± 2 Ma, consistent with existing data for the Eastern Granite-Rhyolite province and Southern Granite-Rhyolite province, respectively. Similarly, a newly determined age of 1364 ± 2 Ma for the Tishomingo Granite in the Arbuckle Mountains confirms previously published analyses for this part of the Southern Granite-Rhyolite province. Along with previously reported ages from basement olistoliths in Ordovician slope deposits in the Ouachita embayment, the data for basement ages support the interpretation that rocks of the Southern Granite-Rhyolite province form the margin of Laurentian crust around the corner of the Ouachita embayment, which is bounded by the Ouachita rift and Alabama-Oklahoma transform fault. In contrast, both west and east of the corner of the Ouachita embayment, Grenville-Llano basement (approximately 1325–1000 Ma) forms the rifted margin of Laurentia.\n\nNew U/Pb zircon data from basement rocks in the southern part of the Argentine Precordillera indicate crystallization ages of 1205 ± 1 Ma and 1204 ± 2 Ma, consistent with previously reported ages (approximately 1250–1000 Ma) of basement rocks from other parts of the Precordillera. These data document multiple events within the same time span as multiple events in the Grenville orogeny in eastern Laurentia, and are consistent with Grenville-age rocks along the conjugate margins of the Precordillera and Laurentia. Ages from one newly analyzed collection, however, are older than those from other basement rocks in the Precordillera. These ages, from granodioritic-granitic basement clasts in a conglomerate olistolith in Ordovician slope deposits, are 1370 ± 2 Ma and 1367 ± 5 Ma. These older ages from the Precordillera are consistent with indications that the Iapetan margin in the Ouachita embayment of Laurentia truncated the Grenville front and left older rocks of the Southern Granite-Rhyolite province (1390–1320 Ma) at the rifted margin.\n\nChronostratigraphic correlations of synrift and post-rift sedimentary deposits on the Precordillera and on the Texas promontory of Laurentia document initial rifting in the Early Cambrian. Previously published data from synrift plutonic and volcanic rocks in the Wichita and Arbuckle Mountains along the transform-parallel intracratonic Southern Oklahoma fault system inboard from the Ouachita embayment document crystallization ages of 539–530 Ma. New data from synrift volcanic rocks in the Arbuckle Mountains in the eastern part of the Southern Oklahoma fault system yield ages of 539 ± 5 Ma and 536 ± 5 Ma, confirming the age of synrift volcanism.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/GES00800.1","usgsCitation":"Thomas, W., Tucker, R.D., Astini, R.A., and Denison, R.E., 2012, Ages of pre-rift basement and synrift rocks along the conjugate rift and transform margins of the Argintine Precordillera and Laurentia: Geosphere, v. 8, no. 6, p. 1366-1383, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00800.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1366","endPage":"1383","ipdsId":"IP-038677","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00800.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270641,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00800.1"}],"country":"Argentina","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.6,-55.1 ], [ -73.6,-21.8 ], [ -53.6,-21.8 ], [ -53.6,-55.1 ], [ -73.6,-55.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5162956be4b0c25842758cef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, William A.","contributorId":77438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"William A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tucker, Robert D. 0000-0001-8463-4358 rtucker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8463-4358","contributorId":2007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Robert","email":"rtucker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Astini, Ricardo A.","contributorId":48067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Astini","given":"Ricardo","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Denison, Rodger E.","contributorId":42994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denison","given":"Rodger","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042756,"text":"70042756 - 2012 - A process-based hierarchical framework for monitoring glaciated alpine headwaters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-26T19:44:28","indexId":"70042756","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A process-based hierarchical framework for monitoring glaciated alpine headwaters","docAbstract":"Recent studies have demonstrated the geomorphic complexity and wide range of hydrologic regimes found in alpine headwater channels that provide complex habitats for aquatic taxa. These geohydrologic elements are fundamental to better understand patterns in species assemblages and indicator taxa and are necessary to aquatic monitoring protocols that aim to track changes in physical conditions. Complex physical variables shape many biological and ecological traits, including life history strategies, but these mechanisms can only be understood if critical physical variables are adequately represented within the sampling framework. To better align sampling design protocols with current geohydrologic knowledge, we present a conceptual framework that incorporates regional-scale conditions, basin-scale longitudinal profiles, valley-scale glacial macroform structure, valley segment-scale (i.e., colluvial, alluvial, and bedrock), and reach-scale channel types. At the valley segment- and reach-scales, these hierarchical levels are associated with differences in streamflow and sediment regime, water source contribution and water temperature. Examples of linked physical-ecological hypotheses placed in a landscape context and a case study using the proposed framework are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of this approach for monitoring complex temporal and spatial patterns and processes in glaciated basins. This approach is meant to aid in comparisons between mountain regions on a global scale and to improve management of potentially endangered alpine species affected by climate change and other stressors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00267-012-9957-8","usgsCitation":"Weekes, A.A., Torgersen, C., Montgomery, D.R., Woodward, A., and Bolton, S.M., 2012, A process-based hierarchical framework for monitoring glaciated alpine headwaters: Environmental Management, v. 50, no. 6, p. 982-997, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9957-8.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"982","endPage":"997","ipdsId":"IP-030293","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268421,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9957-8"}],"volume":"50","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4a5be4b0b290850efb8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weekes, Anne A.","contributorId":11870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weekes","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":48143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery, David R.","contributorId":67389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bolton, Susan M.","contributorId":76987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolton","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70042757,"text":"70042757 - 2012 - Why the 2002 Denali fault rupture propagated onto the Totschunda fault: implications for fault branching and seismic hazards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-26T16:17:42","indexId":"70042757","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Why the 2002 Denali fault rupture propagated onto the Totschunda fault: implications for fault branching and seismic hazards","docAbstract":"The propagation of the rupture of the M<sub>w</sub>7.9 Denali fault earthquake from the central Denali fault onto the Totschunda fault has provided a basis for dynamic models of fault branching in which the angle of the regional or local prestress relative to the orientation of the main fault and branch plays a principal role in determining which fault branch is taken. GeoEarthScope LiDAR and paleoseismic data allow us to map the structure of the Denali-Totschunda fault intersection and evaluate controls of fault branching from a geological perspective. LiDAR data reveal the Denali-Totschunda fault intersection is structurally simple with the two faults directly connected. At the branch point, 227.2 km east of the 2002 epicenter, the 2002 rupture diverges southeast to become the Totschunda fault. We use paleoseismic data to propose that differences in the accumulated strain on each fault segment, which express differences in the elapsed time since the most recent event, was one important control of the branching direction. We suggest that data on event history, slip rate, paleo offsets, fault geometry and structure, and connectivity, especially on high slip rate-short recurrence interval faults, can be used to assess the likelihood of branching and its direction. Analysis of the Denali-Totschunda fault intersection has implications for evaluating the potential for a rupture to propagate across other types of fault intersections and for characterizing sources of future large earthquakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011JB008918","usgsCitation":"Schwartz, D.P., Haeussler, P.J., Seitz, G., and Dawson, T.E., 2012, Why the 2002 Denali fault rupture propagated onto the Totschunda fault: implications for fault branching and seismic hazards: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 117, no. B11, B11304, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008918.","productDescription":"B11304","ipdsId":"IP-032223","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jb008918","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270223,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270222,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008918"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,51.2 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -130.0,71.4 ], [ -130.0,51.2 ], [ 172.5,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"117","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5152c3bce4b01197b08e9d2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200 dschwartz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":1940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","email":"dschwartz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seitz, Gordon G.","contributorId":17303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Gordon G.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":472174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dawson, Timothy E.","contributorId":24429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dawson","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":472175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042768,"text":"70042768 - 2012 - Ecology and evolution of pine life histories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-07T22:16:05","indexId":"70042768","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":792,"text":"Annals of Forest Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecology and evolution of pine life histories","docAbstract":"Introduction - Pinus is a diverse genus of trees widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Understanding pine life history is critical to both conservation and fire management.\nObjectives - Here I lay out the different pathways of pine life history adaptation and a brief overview of pine evolution and the very significant role that fire has played.\nResults - Pinus originated ~150 Ma in the mid-Mesozoic Era and radiated across the northern continent of Laurasia during the Cretaceous Period. Pines have followed two evolutionary strategies interpreted as responses to competition by the newly emerging angiosperms. The Strobus lineage mostly has radiated into stressful sites of low nutrient soils and extremes in cold or heat. The Pinus (subgenus) lineage has radiated into fire-prone landscapes with diverse fire regimes. Examination of life history traits illustrates syndromes associated with fire-avoider, fire-tolerater, fire-embracer, and fire-refuge strategies.\nConclusion - Understanding the current pattern of pine distribution requires interpreting their evolution in terms of climate, geology, and fire. All three of these factors have played a role since the Mesozoic origin of the genus. All are important to the appropriate management of these resources.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Forest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13595-012-0201-8","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J.E., 2012, Ecology and evolution of pine life histories: Annals of Forest Science, v. 69, no. 4, p. 445-453, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-012-0201-8.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"453","ipdsId":"IP-035829","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-012-0201-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":272058,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272057,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13595-012-0201-8"}],"country":"United States","volume":"69","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518a2267e4b061e1bd533388","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70042772,"text":"70042772 - 2012 - Does translocation influence physiological stress in the desert tortoise?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-02T14:22:27","indexId":"70042772","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does translocation influence physiological stress in the desert tortoise?","docAbstract":"Wildlife translocation is increasingly used to mitigate disturbances to animals or habitat due to human activities, yet little is known about the extent to which translocating animals causes stress. To understand the relationship between physiological stress and translocation, we conducted a multiyear study (2007–2009) using a population of desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) near Fort Irwin, California. Blood samples were collected from adult tortoises in three treatment groups (resident, translocated and control) for 1 year prior to and 2 years after translocation. Samples were analyzed by radioimmunoassay for plasma total corticosterone (CORT), a glucocorticoid hormone commonly associated with stress responses in reptiles. CORT values were analyzed in relation to potential covariates (animal sex, date, behavior, treatment, handling time, air temperature, home-range size, precipitation and annual plant production) among seasons and years. CORT values in males were higher than in females, and values for both varied monthly throughout the activity season and among years. Year and sex were strong predictors of CORT, and translocation explained little in terms of CORT. Based on these results, we conclude that translocation does not elicit a physiological stress response in desert tortoises.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1469-1795.2012.00549.x","usgsCitation":"Drake, K., Nussear, K., Esque, T., Barber, A., Vittum, K., Medica, P., Tracy, C., and Hunter, K., 2012, Does translocation influence physiological stress in the desert tortoise?: Animal Conservation, v. 15, no. 6, p. 560-570, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2012.00549.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"560","endPage":"570","ipdsId":"IP-036103","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271766,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271765,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2012.00549.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Fort Irwin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.0,35.0 ], [ -117.0,35.5 ], [ -116.0,35.5 ], [ -116.0,35.0 ], [ -117.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"15","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51838ae5e4b0a21483941a8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, K.K.","contributorId":85775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nussear, K.E.","contributorId":80227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"K.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, T. C. 0000-0002-4166-6234","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":76250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"T. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barber, A.M.","contributorId":6238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vittum, K.M.","contributorId":28881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vittum","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Medica, P.A.","contributorId":77079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tracy, C.R.","contributorId":73524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tracy","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hunter, K.W.","contributorId":26950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70042774,"text":"70042774 - 2012 - Gopherus agassizii (Agassiz’s desert tortoise). scute dysecdysis/scute sloughing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-31T14:12:03","indexId":"70042774","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gopherus agassizii (Agassiz’s desert tortoise). scute dysecdysis/scute sloughing","docAbstract":"Desert tortoises with scute injuries due to fire or disease related processes can result in loss of the scute. These animals appear to function normally, and can replace the scute material with a keratinized layer that covers the bone. This paper describes a tortoise with severe scute loss from a wildfire in 2005, and an animal that lost its scute for unknown reasons. Both animals appeared to be healthy in all other aspects, and lived for many years afterward.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Nussear, K.E., Drake, K.K., Medica, P.A., and Esque, T., 2012, Gopherus agassizii (Agassiz’s desert tortoise). scute dysecdysis/scute sloughing: Herpetological Review, v. 43, p. 473-474.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"473","endPage":"474","ipdsId":"IP-036838","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273046,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a9c662e4b0140a577ae6ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drake, K. Kristina 0000-0003-0711-7634 kdrake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0711-7634","contributorId":3799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"K.","email":"kdrake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kristina","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Medica, Phil A. 0000-0002-5901-8841 pmedica@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5901-8841","contributorId":3226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"Phil","email":"pmedica@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":3221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042777,"text":"70042777 - 2012 - Ecological effects of climate change on salt marsh wildlife: a case study from a highly urbanized estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:20:56","indexId":"70042777","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological effects of climate change on salt marsh wildlife: a case study from a highly urbanized estuary","docAbstract":"Coastal areas are high-risk zones subject to the impacts of global climate change, with significant increases in the frequencies of extreme weather and storm events, and sea-level rise forecast by 2100. These physical processes are expected to alter estuaries, resulting in loss of intertidal wetlands and their component wildlife species. In particular, impacts to salt marshes and their wildlife will vary both temporally and spatially and may be irreversible and severe. Synergistic effects caused by combining stressors with anthropogenic land-use patterns could create areas of significant biodiversity loss and extinction, especially in urbanized estuaries that are already heavily degraded. In this paper, we discuss current ideas, challenges, and concerns regarding the maintenance of salt marshes and their resident wildlife in light of future climate conditions. We suggest that many salt marsh habitats are already impaired and are located where upslope transgression is restricted, resulting in reduction and loss of these habitats in the future. In addition, we conclude that increased inundation frequency and water depth will have negative impacts on the demography of small or isolated wildlife meta-populations as well as their community interactions. We illustrate our points with a case study on the Pacific Coast of North America at San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge in California, an area that supports endangered wildlife species reliant on salt marshes for all aspects of their life histories.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00136.1","usgsCitation":"Thorne, K.M., Takekawa, J.Y., and Elliott-Fisk, D., 2012, Ecological effects of climate change on salt marsh wildlife: a case study from a highly urbanized estuary: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 28, no. 6, p. 1477-1487, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00136.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1477","endPage":"1487","ipdsId":"IP-030907","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272056,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272055,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00136.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518a2266e4b061e1bd533384","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorne, Karen M. 0000-0002-1381-0657 kthorne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0657","contributorId":4191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Karen","email":"kthorne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott-Fisk, Deborah L.","contributorId":46859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott-Fisk","given":"Deborah L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042783,"text":"sir20125279 - 2012 - Quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002--10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-23T14:46:07","indexId":"sir20125279","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5279","title":"Quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002--10","docAbstract":"Stream quality in Johnson County, northeastern Kansas, was assessed on the basis of land use, hydrology, stream-water and streambed-sediment chemistry, riparian and in-stream habitat, and periphyton and macroinvertebrate community data collected from 22 sites during 2002 through 2010. Stream conditions at the end of the study period are evaluated and compared to previous years, stream biological communities and physical and chemical conditions are characterized, streams are described relative to Kansas Department of Health and Environment impairment categories and water-quality standards, and environmental factors that most strongly correlate with biological stream quality are evaluated. The information is useful for improving water-quality management programs, documenting changing conditions with time, and evaluating compliance with water-quality standards, total maximum daily loads (TMDLs), National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit conditions, and other established guidelines and goals. Constituent concentrations in water during base flow varied across the study area and 2010 conditions were not markedly different from those measured in 2003, 2004, and 2007. Generally the highest specific conductance and concentrations of dissolved solids and major ions in water occurred at urban sites except the upstream Cedar Creek site, which is rural and has a large area of commercial and industrial land less than 1 mile upstream on both sides of the creek. The highest base-flow nutrient concentrations in water occurred downstream from wastewater treatment facilities. Water chemistry data represent base-flow conditions only, and do not show the variability in concentrations that occurs during stormwater runoff. Constituent concentrations in streambed sediment also varied across the study area and some notable changes occurred from previously collected data. High organic carbon and nutrient concentrations at the rural Big Bull Creek site in 2003 decreased to at least one-fourth of those concentrations in 2007 and 2010 likely because of the reduction in upstream wastewater discharge contributions. The highest concentrations of trace metals in 2010 occurred at urban sites on Mill and Indian Creeks. Zinc was the only metal to exceed the probable effects concentration in 2010, which occurred at a site on Indian Creek. In 2007, chromium and nickel at the upstream urban Cedar Creek site exceeded the probable effects concentrations, and in 2003, no metals exceeded the probable effects concentrations. Of 72 organic compounds analyzed in streambed sediment, 26 were detected including pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fuel products, fragrances, preservatives, plasticizers, manufacturing byproducts, flame retardants, and disinfectants. All 6 PAH compounds analyzed were detected, and the probable effects concentrations for 4 of the 6 PAH compounds analyzed were exceeded in 2010. Only five pesticide compounds were detected in streambed sediment, including carbazole and four pyrethroid compounds. Chronic toxicity guidelines for pyrethroid compounds were exceeded at five sites. Biological conditions reflected a gradient in urban land use, with the less disturbed streams located in rural areas of Johnson County. About 19 percent of sites in 2010 (four sites) were fully supporting of aquatic life on the basis of the four metrics used by Kansas Department of Health and Environment to categorize sites. This is a notable difference compared to previous years when no sites (in 2003 and 2004) or just one site (in 2007) was fully supporting of aquatic life. Multimetric macroinvertebrate scores improved at the Big Bull Creek site where wastewater discharges were reduced in 2007. Environmental variables that consistently were highly negatively correlated with biological conditions were percent impervious surface and percent urban land use. In addition, density of stormwater outfall points adjacent to streams was significantly negatively correlated with biological conditions. Specific conductance of water and sum of PAH concentrations in streambed sediment also were significantly negatively correlated with biological conditions. Total nitrogen in water and total phosphorus in streambed sediment were correlated with most of the invertebrate variables, which is a notable difference from previous analyses using smaller datasets, in which nutrient relations were weak or not detected. The most important habitat variables were sinuosity, length and continuity of natural buffers, riffle substrate embeddedness, and substrate cover diversity, each of which was correlated with all invertebrate metrics including a 10-metric combined score. Correlation analysis indicated that if riparian and in-stream habitat conditions improve then so might invertebrate communities and stream biological quality. Sixty-two percent of the variance in macroinvertebrate community metrics was explained by the single environmental factor, percent impervious surface. Invertebrate responses to urbanization in Johnson County indicated linearity rather than identifiable thresholds. Multiple linear regression models developed for each of the four macroinvertebrate metrics used to determine aquatic-life-support status indicated that percent impervious surface, as a measure of urban land use, explained 34 to 67 percent of the variability in biological communities. Results indicate that although multiple factors are correlated with stream quality degradation, general urbanization, as indicated by impervious surface area or urban land use, consistently is determined to be the fundamental factor causing change in stream quality. Effects of urbanization on Johnson County streams are similar to effects described in national studies that assess effects of urbanization on stream health. Individually important environmental factors such as specific conductance of water, PAHs in streambed sediment, and stream buffer conditions, are affected by urbanization and, collectively, all contribute to stream impairments. Policies and management practices that may be most important in protecting the health of streams in Johnson County are those minimizing the effects of impervious surface, protecting stream corridors, and decreasing the loads of sediment, nutrients, and toxic chemicals that directly enter streams through stormwater runoff and discharges.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125279","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Johnson County Stormwater Management Program","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, T.J., Stone, M.S., Poulton, B.C., and Graham, J.L., 2012, Quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002--10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5279, vii, 103 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125279.","productDescription":"vii, 103 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.)","startPage":"i","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"116","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266322,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5279/sir12_5279.pdf"},{"id":266320,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5279/"},{"id":266323,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/SIR_2012_5279.GIF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.0565,38.7376 ], [ -95.0565,39.0616 ], [ -94.6074,39.0616 ], [ -94.6074,38.7376 ], [ -95.0565,38.7376 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5101147be4b033b1feeb2c08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, Teresa J. 0000-0002-7023-3868 rasmuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-3868","contributorId":3336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Teresa","email":"rasmuss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Mandy S.","contributorId":97791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Mandy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poulton, Barry C. 0000-0002-7219-4911 bpoulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7219-4911","contributorId":2421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulton","given":"Barry","email":"bpoulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":1769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042784,"text":"70042784 - 2012 - Using cluster analysis to organize and explore regional GPS velocities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T15:07:50.205751","indexId":"70042784","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using cluster analysis to organize and explore regional GPS velocities","docAbstract":"Cluster analysis offers a simple visual exploratory tool for the initial investigation of regional Global Positioning System (GPS) velocity observations, which are providing increasingly precise mappings of actively deforming continental lithosphere. The deformation fields from dense regional GPS networks can often be concisely described in terms of relatively coherent blocks bounded by active faults, although the choice of blocks, their number and size, can be subjective and is often guided by the distribution of known faults. To illustrate our method, we apply cluster analysis to GPS velocities from the San Francisco Bay Region, California, to search for spatially coherent patterns of deformation, including evidence of block-like behavior. The clustering process identifies four robust groupings of velocities that we identify with four crustal blocks. Although the analysis uses no prior geologic information other than the GPS velocities, the cluster/block boundaries track three major faults, both locked and creeping.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2012GL052755","usgsCitation":"Simpson, R.W., Thatcher, W., and Savage, J.C., 2012, Using cluster analysis to organize and explore regional GPS velocities: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 39, no. 18, L18307; 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL052755.","productDescription":"L18307; 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-040358","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474152,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012gl052755","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":272304,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51955850e4b0a933d82c4cc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simpson, Robert W. simpson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Robert","email":"simpson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thatcher, Wayne","contributorId":35325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044139,"text":"70044139 - 2012 - Fragilariopsis diatom evolution in Pliocene and Pleistocene Antarctic shelf sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T14:29:43","indexId":"70044139","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fragilariopsis diatom evolution in Pliocene and Pleistocene Antarctic shelf sediments","docAbstract":"The late Pliocene – early Pleistocene sediment record in the AND-1B core from the McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea, Antarctica, displays a rich diversity and high abundance of diatoms, including several new morphologies within the genus Fragilariopsis. These new morphologies exhibit similarities to the extinct late Miocene/early Pliocene species Fragilariopsis aurica Gersonde and Fragilariopsis praecurta Gersonde, as well as to the modern sea ice-associated species Fragilariopsis ritscheri Hustedt and Fragilariopsis obliquecostata van Heurck. From the diverse morphologies present, we use light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to identify and describe the characteristics of three new taxa, Fragilariopsis laqueata Riesselman, Fragilariopsis bohatyi Sjunneskog et Riesselman, and Fragilariopsis robusta Sjunneskog, which are common in the diatom-bearing intervals from ~3.2 to 1.95 Ma. Comparisons with extant and extinct species are made to assess possible environmental affinities, evolutionary relationships, and potential for future biostratigraphic utility. This complex of newmorphologies diversified as conditions cooled during the Pliocene, then went into decline as heavy sea ice conditions of the Pleistocene were established. Only the lineage of F. robusta appears to continue into the late Pleistocene, where it is interpreted to have evolved into F. obliquecostata.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Micropaleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","usgsCitation":"Sjunneskog, C., Riesselman, C., Winter, D., and Scherer, R., 2012, Fragilariopsis diatom evolution in Pliocene and Pleistocene Antarctic shelf sediments: Micropaleontology, v. 58, no. 3, p. 273-289.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"289","ipdsId":"IP-039162","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"58","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a08be0e4b0e42455806572","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sjunneskog, Charlotte","contributorId":102765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sjunneskog","given":"Charlotte","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riesselman, Christina 0000-0002-2436-4306 criesselman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2436-4306","contributorId":4290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riesselman","given":"Christina","email":"criesselman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":474864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winter, Diane","contributorId":79377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scherer, Reed","contributorId":62907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scherer","given":"Reed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70044123,"text":"70044123 - 2012 - Effects of low-density feeding on elk–fetus contact rates on Wyoming feedgrounds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-09T11:41:58","indexId":"70044123","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of low-density feeding on elk–fetus contact rates on Wyoming feedgrounds","docAbstract":"High seroprevalance for Brucella abortus among elk on Wyoming feedgrounds suggests that supplemental feeding may influence parasite transmission and disease dynamics by altering the rate at which elk contact infectious materials in their environment. We used proximity loggers and video cameras to estimate rates of elk-to-fetus contact (the primary source of brucellosis transmission) during winter supplemental feeding. We compared contact rates during high-density and low-density (LD) feeding treatments that provided the same total amount of food distributed over different areas. Low-density feeding led to >70% reductions in total number of contacts and number of individuals contacting a fetus. Proximity loggers and video cameras provided similar estimates of elk–fetus contact rates. Elk contacted fetuses and random control points equally, suggesting that elk were not attracted to fetuses but encountered them incidentally while feeding. The modeled relationship between contact rate and disease prevalence is nonlinear and LD feeding may result in large reductions in brucellosis prevalence, but this depends on the amount of transmission that occurs on and off feedgrounds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.331","usgsCitation":"Creech, T., Cross, P.C., Scurlock, B.M., Maichak, E., Rogerson, J., Henningsen, J., and Creel, S., 2012, Effects of low-density feeding on elk–fetus contact rates on Wyoming feedgrounds: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 76, no. 5, p. 877-886, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.331.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"877","endPage":"886","ipdsId":"IP-024904","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272133,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272132,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.331"}],"volume":"76","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518cc567e4b05ebc8f7cc139","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Creech, Tyler G.","contributorId":89422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creech","given":"Tyler G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scurlock, Brandon M.","contributorId":93788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6917,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Laramie, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":474842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maichak, Eric","contributorId":36826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maichak","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rogerson, Jared D.","contributorId":106401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogerson","given":"Jared D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Henningsen, John C.","contributorId":8358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henningsen","given":"John C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Creel, Scott","contributorId":15089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creel","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
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