{"pageNumber":"1511","pageRowStart":"37750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70045974,"text":"70045974 - 2013 - Tracking animals in freshwater with electronic tags: past, present and future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-30T08:16:29","indexId":"70045974","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":773,"text":"Animal Biotelemetry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking animals in freshwater with electronic tags: past, present and future","docAbstract":"Considerable technical developments over the past half century have enabled widespread application of electronic tags to the study of animals in the wild, including in freshwater environments. We review the constraints associated with freshwater telemetry and biologging and the technical developments relevant to their use. Technical constraints for tracking animals are often influenced by the characteristics of the animals being studied and the environment they inhabit. Collectively, they influence which and how technologies can be used and their relative effectiveness. Although radio telemetry has historically been the most commonly used technology in freshwater, passive integrated transponder (PIT) technology, acoustic telemetry and biologgers are becoming more popular. Most telemetry studies have focused on fish, although an increasing number have focused on other taxa, such as turtles, crustaceans and molluscs. Key technical developments for freshwater systems include: miniaturization of tags for tracking small-size life stages and species, fixed stations and coded tags for tracking large samples of animals over long distances and large temporal scales, inexpensive PIT systems that enable mass tagging to yield population- and community-level relevant sample sizes, incorporation of sensors into electronic tags, validation of tag attachment procedures with a focus on maintaining animal welfare, incorporation of different techniques (for example, genetics, stable isotopes) and peripheral technologies (for example, geographic information systems, hydroacoustics), development of novel analytical techniques, and extensive international collaboration. Innovations are still needed in tag miniaturization, data analysis and visualization, and in tracking animals over larger spatial scales (for example, pelagic areas of lakes) and in challenging environments (for example, large dynamic floodplain systems, under ice). There seems to be a particular need for adapting various global positioning system and satellite tagging approaches to freshwater. Electronic tagging provides a mechanism to collect detailed information from imperilled animals and species that have no direct economic value. Current and future advances will continue to improve our knowledge of the natural history of aquatic animals and ecological processes in freshwater ecosystems while facilitating evidence-based resource management and conservation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Biotelemetry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/2050-3385-1-5","usgsCitation":"Cooke, S., Midwood, J.D., Thiem, J.D., Klimley, P., Lucas, M.C., Thorstad, E.B., Eiler, J., Holbrook, C., and Ebner, B.C., 2013, Tracking animals in freshwater with electronic tags: past, present and future: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 1, no. 5, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/2050-3385-1-5.","productDescription":"19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-044813","costCenters":[{"id":332,"text":"Hammond Bay Biological Station","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2050-3385-1-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":272997,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2050-3385-1-5"},{"id":272998,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"1","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a874ece4b082d85d5ed90e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooke, Steven J.","contributorId":56132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooke","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[{"id":36574,"text":"Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":478625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Midwood, Jonathan D.","contributorId":74659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Midwood","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thiem, Jason D.","contributorId":75421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiem","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klimley, Peter","contributorId":62507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klimley","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lucas, Martyn C.","contributorId":18725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"Martyn","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thorstad, Eva B.","contributorId":95367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorstad","given":"Eva","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Eiler, John","contributorId":34025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eiler","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Holbrook, Chris","contributorId":94194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ebner, Brendan C.","contributorId":9556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebner","given":"Brendan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70046103,"text":"ofr20131120 - 2013 - Survey of bats on Columbia National Wildlife Refuge, Washington, December 2011-April 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:40:29","indexId":"ofr20131120","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1120","title":"Survey of bats on Columbia National Wildlife Refuge, Washington, December 2011-April 2012","docAbstract":"Bats are diverse and abundant in many ecosystems worldwide. They perform important ecosystem functions, particularly by consuming large quantities of insects (Cleveland and others, 2006; Jones and others, 2009; Kuhn and others, 2011). The importance of bats to biodiversity and to ecosystem integrity has been overlooked in many regions, largely because the challenges of detecting and studying these small, nocturnal mammals have rendered a paucity of information on matters as basic as species distribution and natural history attributes. Recently, concern for bats has arisen in response to recognition of large-scale threats, such as white-nosed syndrome (WNS; Turner and others, 2009; Frick and others, 2010) and mortality at wind energy facilities (Arnett and others, 2008), factors that are causing unprecedented population declines of bats (Boyles and others, 2011). WNS is a fungal disease that has killed more than 1 million cave-hibernating bats in eastern North America since being discovered in New York State in 2006 (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2012). WNS has spread rapidly from northeastern U.S., and as of August 2012 has been confirmed as far west as eastern Missouri(U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2013). Given the rapid spread of WNS, there is concern that the disease may soon affect western bat populations.\n\nHibernating bats are particularly vulnerable to the effects of WNS (Blehert and others, 2009). Refuges in eastern Washington, including the Mid-Columbia River National Wildlife Refuge Complex (MCRNWRC) and Little Pend Oreille National Wildlife Refuge, support many potential hibernacula. Sixteen species of bats potentially occur on these refuges, including one federally listed species of concern (Townsend’s big-eared bat [Corynorhinus townsendii]; see table 1 for scientific names of bats), and 12 species that are of conservation concern in Washington and Oregon (table 1). However, little is known about bats on these refuges because few surveys have been done, and none have been done during winter. Refuge biologists are lacking even the most basic information, such as species presence, and location and status of hibernacula. In order to assess vulnerability and develop a strategy for management of WNS, refuge managers need to know where bats are hibernating, and which species are using each hibernaculum. The goal of this project was to provide information on the status of wintering bats to refuge biologists and managers in order to support decision-making that might minimize the threat of WNS in western bat populations. We conducted surveys of bat activity in winter and early spring as an initial step toward identifying bat species that may be over-wintering and locating potential hibernacula on these refuges. Our specific objectives were to identify bat species using the refuges, to identify areas of resident bat activity in autumn, winter, and early spring using acoustic bat detectors, and to try new methods for quick surveys of bat activity.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131120","usgsCitation":"Hagar, J.C., Manning, T., and Barnett, J., 2013, Survey of bats on Columbia National Wildlife Refuge, Washington, December 2011-April 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1120, iv, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131120.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"38","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-10-01","temporalEnd":"2012-05-31","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131120.jpg"},{"id":272798,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1120/"},{"id":272799,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1120/pdf/ofr20131120.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Little Pend Oreille National Wildlife Refuge;Mid-columbia River National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.722585,42.0 ], [ -117.722585,48.544811 ], [ -116.46,48.544811 ], [ -116.46,42.0 ], [ -117.722585,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a07dd8e4b0e42455803674","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hagar, Joan C. 0000-0002-3044-6607 joan_hagar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-6607","contributorId":57034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagar","given":"Joan","email":"joan_hagar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manning, Tom","contributorId":47914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnett, Jenny","contributorId":67789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnett","given":"Jenny","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046100,"text":"70046100 - 2013 - Holocene faulting in the Bellingham forearc basin: Upper-plate deformation at the northern end of the Cascadia subduction zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T15:23:19.416847","indexId":"70046100","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene faulting in the Bellingham forearc basin: Upper-plate deformation at the northern end of the Cascadia subduction zone","docAbstract":"The northern Cascadia forearc takes up most of the strain transmitted northward via the Oregon Coast block from the northward-migrating Sierra Nevada block. The north-south contractional strain in the forearc manifests in upper-plate faults active during the Holocene, the northern-most components of which are faults within the Bellingham Basin. The Bellingham Basin is the northern of four basins of the actively deforming northern Cascadia forearc. A set of Holocene faults, Drayton Harbor, Birch Bay, and Sandy Point faults, occur within the Bellingham Basin and can be traced from onshore to offshore using a combination of aeromagnetic lineaments, paleoseismic investigations and scarps identified using LiDAR imagery. With the recognition of such Holocene faults, the northernmost margin of the actively deforming Cascadia forearc extends 60 km north of the previously recognized limit of Holocene forearc deformation. Although to date no Holocene faults are recognized at the northern boundary of the Bellingham Basin, which is 15 km north of the international border, there is no compelling tectonic reason to expect that Holocene faults are limited to south of the international border.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011JB008816","usgsCitation":"Kelsey, H.M., Sherrod, B.L., Blakely, R.J., and Haugerud, R.A., 2013, Holocene faulting in the Bellingham forearc basin: Upper-plate deformation at the northern end of the Cascadia subduction zone: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 117, no. B3, B03409; 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008816.","productDescription":"B03409; 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-035190","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473816,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jb008816","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":272808,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Bellingham Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.79,45.54 ], [ -124.79,49.0 ], [ -116.92,49.0 ], [ -116.92,45.54 ], [ -124.79,45.54 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"117","issue":"B3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a07dd7e4b0e42455803664","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelsey, Harvey M.","contributorId":101713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L.","contributorId":16874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haugerud, Ralph A. 0000-0001-7302-4351 rhaugerud@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7302-4351","contributorId":2691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haugerud","given":"Ralph","email":"rhaugerud@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046087,"text":"70046087 - 2013 - Geomorphic process fingerprints in submarine canyons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T09:54:09","indexId":"70046087","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic process fingerprints in submarine canyons","docAbstract":"Submarine canyons are common features of continental margins worldwide. They are conduits that funnel vast quantities of sediment from the continents to the deep sea. Though it is known that submarine canyons form primarily from erosion induced by submarine sediment flows, we currently lack quantitative, empirically based expressions that describe the morphology of submarine canyon networks. Multibeam bathymetry data along the entire passive US Atlantic margin (USAM) and along the active central California margin near Monterey Bay provide an opportunity to examine the fine-scale morphology of 171 slope-sourced canyons. Log–log regression analyses of canyon thalweg gradient (S) versus up-canyon catchment area (A) are used to examine linkages between morphological domains and the generation and evolution of submarine sediment flows. For example, canyon reaches of the upper continental slope are characterized by steep, linear and/or convex longitudinal profiles, whereas reaches farther down canyon have distinctly concave longitudinal profiles. The transition between these geomorphic domains is inferred to represent the downslope transformation of debris flows into erosive, canyon-flushing turbidity flows. Over geologic timescales this process appears to leave behind a predictable geomorphic fingerprint that is dependent on the catchment area of the canyon head. Catchment area, in turn, may be a proxy for the volume of sediment released during geomorphically significant failures along the upper continental slope. Focused studies of slope-sourced submarine canyons may provide new insights into the relationships between fine-scale canyon morphology and down-canyon changes in sediment flow dynamics.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2013.01.005","usgsCitation":"Brothers, D., ten Brink, U., Andrews, B., Chaytor, J., and Twichell, D.C., 2013, Geomorphic process fingerprints in submarine canyons: Marine Geology, v. 337, p. 53-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.01.005.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"66","ipdsId":"IP-044527","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/10720","text":"External Repository"},{"id":272779,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272778,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.01.005"}],"volume":"337","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a07dd7e4b0e42455803660","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S.","contributorId":72686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, Brian D.","contributorId":54180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Brian D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chaytor, Jason D.","contributorId":88637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"Jason D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046090,"text":"ofr20131082 - 2013 - Implications of flume slope on discharge estimates from 0.762-meter H flumes used in edge-of-field monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-24T09:46:18","indexId":"ofr20131082","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1082","title":"Implications of flume slope on discharge estimates from 0.762-meter H flumes used in edge-of-field monitoring","docAbstract":"The effects of longitudinal slope on the estimation of discharge in a 0.762-meter (m) (depth at flume entrance) H flume were tested under controlled conditions with slopes from −8 to +8 percent and discharges from 1.2 to 323 liters per second. Compared to the stage-discharge rating for a longitudinal flume slope of zero, computed discharges were negatively biased (maximum −31 percent) when the flume was sloped downward from the front (entrance) to the back (exit), and positively biased (maximum 44 percent) when the flume was sloped upward. Biases increased with greater flume slopes and with lower discharges. A linear empirical relation was developed to compute a corrected reference stage for a 0.762-m H flume using measured stage and flume slope. The reference stage was then used to determine a corrected discharge from the stage-discharge rating. A dimensionally homogeneous correction equation also was developed, which could theoretically be used for all standard H-flume sizes. Use of the corrected discharge computation method for a sloped H flume was determined to have errors ranging from −2.2 to 4.6 percent compared to the H-flume measured discharge at a level position. These results emphasize the importance of the measurement of and the correction for flume slope during an edge-of-field study if the most accurate discharge estimates are desired.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131082","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin–Madison Discovery Farms program and the University of Wisconsin–Platteville Pioneer Farm program","usgsCitation":"Komiskey, M.J., Stuntebeck, T.D., Cox, A.L., and Frame, D.R., 2013, Implications of flume slope on discharge estimates from 0.762-meter H flumes used in edge-of-field monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1082, iv, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131082.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272774,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131082.jpg"},{"id":272772,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1082/"},{"id":272773,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1082/pdf/ofr2013-1082_web.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a07dd7e4b0e42455803668","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Komiskey, Matthew J. 0000-0003-2962-6974 mjkomisk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2962-6974","contributorId":1776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Komiskey","given":"Matthew","email":"mjkomisk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stuntebeck, Todd D. 0000-0002-8405-7295 tdstunte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-7295","contributorId":902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuntebeck","given":"Todd","email":"tdstunte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cox, Amanda L.","contributorId":35220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frame, Dennis R.","contributorId":77282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frame","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046089,"text":"70046089 - 2013 - Geomorphic characterization of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T10:18:28","indexId":"70046089","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic characterization of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin","docAbstract":"The increasing volume of multibeam bathymetry data collected along continental margins is providing new opportunities to study the feedbacks between sedimentary and oceanographic processes and seafloor morphology. Attempts to develop simple guidelines that describe the relationships between form and process often overlook the importance of inherited physiography in slope depositional systems. Here, we use multibeam bathymetry data and seismic reflection profiles spanning the U.S. Atlantic outer continental shelf, slope and rise from Cape Hatteras to New England to quantify the broad-scale, across-margin morphological variation. Morphometric analyses suggest the margin can be divided into four basic categories that roughly align with Quaternary sedimentary provinces. Within each category, Quaternary sedimentary processes exerted heavy modification of submarine canyons, landslide complexes and the broad-scale morphology of the continental rise, but they appear to have preserved much of the pre-Quaternary, across-margin shape of the continental slope. Without detailed constraints on the substrate structure, first-order morphological categorization the U.S. Atlantic margin does not provide a reliable framework for predicting relationships between form and process.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2012.12.008","usgsCitation":"Brothers, D., ten Brink, U., Andrews, B., and Chaytor, J., 2013, Geomorphic characterization of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin: Marine Geology, v. 338, p. 46-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2012.12.008.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"63","ipdsId":"IP-044529","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/6124","text":"External Repository"},{"id":272777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272776,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2012.12.008"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.0,29.0 ], [ -80.0,45.0 ], [ -60.0,45.0 ], [ -60.0,29.0 ], [ -80.0,29.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"338","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a07dd7e4b0e4245580365c","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2012.12.008","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2012.12.008","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Brothers Daniel S., ten Brink Uri S., Andrews Brian D., Chaytor Jason D.","journalName":"Marine Geology","publicationDate":"4/2013","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S.","contributorId":72686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, Brian D.","contributorId":54180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Brian D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chaytor, Jason D.","contributorId":88637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"Jason D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046104,"text":"ofr20131108 - 2013 - Postwildfire debris-flow hazard assessment of the area burned by the 2012 Little Bear Fire, south-central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-24T13:59:25","indexId":"ofr20131108","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1108","title":"Postwildfire debris-flow hazard assessment of the area burned by the 2012 Little Bear Fire, south-central New Mexico","docAbstract":"A preliminary hazard assessment was developed of the debris-flow potential from 56 drainage basins burned by the Little Bear Fire in south-central New Mexico in June 2012. The Little Bear Fire burned approximately 179 square kilometers (km<sup>2</sup>) (44,330 acres), including about 143 km2 (35,300 acres) of National Forest System lands of the Lincoln National Forest. Within the Lincoln National Forest, about 72 km<sup>2</sup> (17,664 acres) of the White Mountain Wilderness were burned. The burn area also included about 34 km<sup>2</sup> (8,500 acres) of private lands. Burn severity was high or moderate on 53 percent of the burn area. The area burned is at risk of substantial postwildfire erosion, such as that caused by debris flows and flash floods.\n\nA postwildfire debris-flow hazard assessment of the area burned by the Little Bear Fire was performed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Lincoln National Forest. A set of two empirical hazard-assessment models developed by using data from recently burned drainage basins throughout the intermountain Western United States was used to estimate the probability of debris-flow occurrence and volume of debris flows along the burn area drainage network and for selected drainage basins within the burn area. The models incorporate measures of areal burn extent and severity, topography, soils, and storm rainfall intensity to estimate the probability and volume of debris flows following the fire. Relative hazard rankings of postwildfire debris flows were produced by summing the estimated probability and volume ranking to illustrate those areas with the highest potential occurrence of debris flows with the largest volumes.\n\nThe probability that a drainage basin could produce debris flows and the volume of a possible debris flow at the basin outlet were estimated for three design storms: (1) a 2-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall of 27 millimeters (mm) (a 50 percent chance of occurrence in any given year); (2) a 10-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall of 42 mm (a 10 percent chance of occurrence in any given year); and (3) a 25-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall of 51 mm (a 4 percent chance of occurrence in any given year). Thirty-nine percent of the 56 drainage basins modeled have a high (greater than 80 percent) probability of debris flows in response to the 2-year design storm; 80 percent of the modeled drainage basins have a high probability of debris flows in response to the 25-year design storm. For debris-flow volume, 7 percent of the modeled drainage basins have an estimated debris-flow volume greater than 100,000 cubic meters (m<sup>3</sup>) in response to the 2-year design storm; 9 percent of the drainage basins are included in the greater than 100,000 m<sup>3</sup> category for both the 10-year and the 25-year design storms. Drainage basins in the greater than 100,000 m<sup>3</sup> volume category also received the highest combined hazard ranking.\n\nThe maps presented herein may be used to prioritize areas where emergency erosion mitigation or other protective measures may be needed prior to rainstorms within these drainage basins, their outlets, or areas downstream from these drainage basins within the 2- to 3-year period of vulnerability. This work is preliminary and is subject to revision. The assessment herein is provided on the condition that neither the U.S. Geological Survey nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the assessment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131108","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Lincoln National Forest","usgsCitation":"Tillery, A.C., and Matherne, A.M., 2013, Postwildfire debris-flow hazard assessment of the area burned by the 2012 Little Bear Fire, south-central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1108, vi, 15 p.; Maps: 3 Sheets: 33 x 22 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131108.","productDescription":"vi, 15 p.; Maps: 3 Sheets: 33 x 22 inches","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272806,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272803,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1108/ofr2013-1108-pl1.pdf"},{"id":272804,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1108/ofr2013-1108-pl2.pdf"},{"id":272805,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1108/ofr2013-1108-pl3.pdf"},{"id":272801,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1108/"},{"id":272802,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1108/ofr2013-1108.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0,31.3 ], [ -109.0,37.0 ], [ -103.0,37.0 ], [ -103.0,31.3 ], [ -109.0,31.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a07dd8e4b0e4245580366c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillery, Anne C. 0000-0002-9508-7908 atillery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-7908","contributorId":2549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillery","given":"Anne","email":"atillery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matherne, Anne Marie 0000-0002-5873-2226 matherne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-2226","contributorId":303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matherne","given":"Anne","email":"matherne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046098,"text":"sir20135078 - 2013 - Regional bankfull-channel dimensions of non-urban wadeable streams in Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-24T11:19:07","indexId":"sir20135078","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5078","title":"Regional bankfull-channel dimensions of non-urban wadeable streams in Indiana","docAbstract":"During floods, damage to properties and community infrastructure may result from inundation and the processes of erosion. The damages imparted by erosion are collectively termed the fluvial erosion hazard (FEH), and the Indiana Silver Jackets Multi-agency Hazard Mitigation Taskforce is supporting a program to build tools that will assist Indiana property owners and communities with FEH-mitigation efforts. As part of that program, regional channel-dimension relations are identified for non-urban wadeable streams in Indiana.\n\nWith a site-selection process that targeted the three largest physiographic regions of the state, field work was completed to measure channel-dimension and channel-geometry characteristics across Indiana. In total, 82 sites were identified for data collection; 25 in the Northern Moraine and Lake region, 31 in the Central Till Plain region, and 26 in the Southern Hills and Lowlands region.\n\nFollowing well established methods, for each data-collection site, effort was applied to identify bankfull stage, determine bankfull-channel dimensions, and document channel-geometry characteristics that allowed for determinations of channel classification. In this report, regional bankfull-channel dimension results are presented as a combination of plots and regression equations that identify the relations between drainage area and the bankfull-channel dimensions of width, mean depth, and cross-sectional area.\n\nThis investigation found that the channel-dimension data support independent relations for each of the three physiographic regions noted above. Furthermore, these relations show that, for any given drainage area, northern Indiana channels have the smallest predicted dimensions, southern Indiana channels have the largest predicted dimensions, and central Indiana channels are intermediate in their predicted dimensions. When considering the suite of variables that influence bankfull-channel dimensions, it appears that contrasting runoff characteristics between the three physiographic regions may explain much of the inequality observed in the measured channel dimensions. While this investigation targeted non-urban wadeable streams in Indiana, site conditions prevented data collection in some areas. Therefore, application of the results of this study always should include knowledge gained from local observations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135078","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs","usgsCitation":"Robinson, B.A., 2013, Regional bankfull-channel dimensions of non-urban wadeable streams in Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5078, vi, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135078.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272789,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135078.gif"},{"id":272787,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5078/"},{"id":272788,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5078/pdf/sir2013-5078.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.0979,37.7717 ], [ -88.0979,41.7607 ], [ -84.7847,41.7607 ], [ -84.7847,37.7717 ], [ -88.0979,37.7717 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a07dd8e4b0e42455803670","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Bret A. barobins@usgs.gov","contributorId":3897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Bret","email":"barobins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":478909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046088,"text":"70046088 - 2013 - Atomic weights of the elements 2011 (IUPAC Technical Report)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-24T10:09:50","indexId":"70046088","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3207,"text":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atomic weights of the elements 2011 (IUPAC Technical Report)","docAbstract":"The biennial review of atomic-weight determinations and other cognate data has resulted in changes for the standard atomic weights of five elements. The atomic weight of bromine has changed from 79.904(1) to the interval [79.901, 79.907], germanium from 72.63(1) to 72.630(8), indium from 114.818(3) to 114.818(1), magnesium from 24.3050(6) to the interval [24.304, 24.307], and mercury from 200.59(2) to 200.592(3). For bromine and magnesium, assignment of intervals for the new standard atomic weights reflects the common occurrence of variations in the atomic weights of those elements in normal terrestrial materials.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"IUPAC","doi":"10.1351/PAC-REP-13-03-02","usgsCitation":"Wieser, M., Holden, N., Coplen, T.B., Bohlke, J.K., Berglund, M., Brand, W., De Bievre, P., Gröning, M., Loss, R.D., Meija, J., Hirata, T., Prohaska, T., Schoenberg, R., O’Connor, G., Walczyk, T., Yoneda, S., and Zhu, X., 2013, Atomic weights of the elements 2011 (IUPAC Technical Report): Pure and Applied Chemistry, v. 85, no. 5, p. 1047-1078, https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REP-13-03-02.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1047","endPage":"1078","ipdsId":"IP-045917","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1351/pac-rep-13-03-02","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":272775,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272771,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REP-13-03-02"}],"volume":"85","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a07dd0e4b0e42455803658","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieser, Michael E.","contributorId":11495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieser","given":"Michael E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holden, Norman","contributorId":56956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holden","given":"Norman","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bohlke, John K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":89430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Berglund, Michael","contributorId":42858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berglund","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brand, Willi A.","contributorId":38866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"Willi A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"De Bievre, Paul","contributorId":22230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Bievre","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gröning, Manfred","contributorId":26954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gröning","given":"Manfred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Loss, Robert D.","contributorId":89788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loss","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Meija, Juris","contributorId":78226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meija","given":"Juris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hirata, Takafumi","contributorId":68202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirata","given":"Takafumi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Prohaska, Thomas","contributorId":101170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prohaska","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Schoenberg, Ronny","contributorId":88247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenberg","given":"Ronny","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"O’Connor, Glenda","contributorId":83424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connor","given":"Glenda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Walczyk, Thomas","contributorId":58925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walczyk","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Yoneda, Shige","contributorId":105622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoneda","given":"Shige","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Zhu, Xiang-Kun","contributorId":94573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Xiang-Kun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70046049,"text":"70046049 - 2013 - Climate warming shifts carbon allocation from stemwood to roots in calcium-depleted spruce forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T15:05:08","indexId":"70046049","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate warming shifts carbon allocation from stemwood to roots in calcium-depleted spruce forests","docAbstract":"Increased greening of northern forests, measured by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), has been presented as evidence that a warmer climate has increased both net primary productivity (NPP) and the carbon sink in boreal forests. However, higher production and greener canopies may accompany changes in carbon allocation that favor foliage or fine roots over less decomposable woody biomass. Furthermore, tree core data throughout mid- and northern latitudes have revealed a divergence problem (DP), a weakening in tree ring responses to warming over the past half century that is receiving increasing attention, but remains poorly understood. Often, the same sites exhibit trend inconsistency phenomenon (TIP), namely positive, or no trends in growing season NDVI where negative trends in tree ring indexes are observed. Here we studied growth of two Norway spruce (Picea abies) stands in western Russia that exhibited both the DP and TIP but were subject to soil acidification and calcium depletion of differing timing and severity. Our results link the decline in radial growth starting in 1980 to a shift in carbon allocation from wood to roots driven by a combination of two factors: (a) soil acidification that depleted calcium and impaired root function and (b) earlier onset of the growing season that further taxed the root system. The latter change in phenology appears to act as a trigger at both sites to push trees into nutrient limitation as the demand for Ca increased with the longer growing season, thereby causing the shift in carbon allocation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2011GB004268","usgsCitation":"Lapenis, A.G., Lawrence, G.B., Heim, A., Zheng, C., and Shortle, W., 2013, Climate warming shifts carbon allocation from stemwood to roots in calcium-depleted spruce forests: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 27, no. 1, p. 101-107, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004268.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"107","ipdsId":"IP-027588","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gb004268","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":272763,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272762,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004268"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5be4b0687ba0506b56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lapenis, Andrei Gennady","contributorId":11922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lapenis","given":"Andrei","email":"","middleInitial":"Gennady","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heim, Alexander","contributorId":58541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heim","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zheng, Chengyang","contributorId":75048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"Chengyang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shortle, Walter","contributorId":22233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shortle","given":"Walter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046085,"text":"sir20135081 - 2013 - Improved estimates of filtered total mercury loadings and total mercury concentrations of solids from potential sources to Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T15:33:20","indexId":"sir20135081","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5081","title":"Improved estimates of filtered total mercury loadings and total mercury concentrations of solids from potential sources to Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington","docAbstract":"Previous investigations examined sources and sinks of mercury to Sinclair Inlet based on historic and new data. This included an evaluation of mercury concentrations from various sources and mercury loadings from industrial discharges and groundwater flowing from the Bremerton naval complex to Sinclair Inlet. This report provides new data from four potential sources of mercury to Sinclair Inlet: (1) filtered and particulate total mercury concentrations of creek water during the wet season, (2) filtered and particulate total mercury releases from the Navy steam plant following changes in the water softening process and discharge operations, (3) release of mercury from soils to groundwater in two landfill areas at the Bremerton naval complex, and (4) total mercury concentrations of solids in dry dock sumps that were not affected by bias from sequential sampling.\n\nThe previous estimate of the loading of filtered total mercury from Sinclair Inlet creeks was based solely on dry season samples. Concentrations of filtered total mercury in creek samples collected during wet weather were significantly higher than dry weather concentrations, which increased the estimated loading of filtered total mercury from creek basins from 27.1 to 78.1 grams per year.\n\nChanges in the concentrations and loading of filtered and particulate total mercury in the effluent of the steam plant were investigated after the water softening process was changed from ion-exchange to reverse osmosis and the discharge of stack blow-down wash began to be diverted to the municipal water-treatment plant. These changes reduced the concentrations of filtered and particulate total mercury from the steam plant of the Bremerton naval complex, which resulted in reduced loadings of filtered total mercury from 5.9 to 0.15 grams per year.\n\nPrevious investigations identified three fill areas on the Bremerton naval complex, of which the western fill area is thought to be the largest source of mercury on the base. Studies of groundwater in the other two fill areas were conducted under worst-case higher high tidal conditions. A December 2011 study found that concentrations of filtered total mercury in the well in the fill area on the eastern boundary of the Bremerton naval complex were less than or equal to 11 nanograms per liter, indicating that releases from the eastern area were unlikely. In addition, concentrations of total mercury of solids were low (<3 milligrams per kilogram). In contrast, data from the November 2011 study indicated that the concentrations of filtered total mercury in the well located in the central fill area had tidally influenced concentrations of up to 500 nanograms per liter and elevated concentrations of total mercury of solids (29–41 milligrams per kilogram). This suggests that releases from this area, which has not been previously studied in detail, may be substantial.\n\nPrevious measurements of total mercury of suspended solids in the dry dock discharges revealed high concentration of total mercury when suspended-solids concentrations were low. However, this result could have been owing to bias from sequential sampling during changing suspended‑solids concentrations. Sampling of two dry dock systems on the complex in a manner that precluded this bias confirmed that suspended-solids concentrations and total mercury concentrations of suspended solids varied considerably during pumping cycles. These new data result in revised estimates of solids loadings from the dry docks. Although most of the solids discharged by the dry docks seem to be recycled Operable Unit B Marine sediment, a total of about 3.2 metric tons of solids per year containing high concentrations of total mercury were estimated to be discharged by the two dry dock systems. A simple calculation, in which solids (from dry docks, the steam plant, and tidal flushing of the largest stormwater drain) are widely dispersed throughout Operable Unit B Marine, suggests that Bremerton naval complex solids would likely have little effect on Operable Unit B Marine sediments because of high concentrations of mercury already present in the sediment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135081","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Department of the Navy Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Northwest","usgsCitation":"Paulson, A.J., Conn, K., and DeWild, J.F., 2013, Improved estimates of filtered total mercury loadings and total mercury concentrations of solids from potential sources to Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5081, vi, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135081.","productDescription":"vi, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"46","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272768,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135081.png"},{"id":272766,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5081/"},{"id":272767,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5081/pdf/sir20135081.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Kitsap County","otherGeospatial":"Sinclair Inlet","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.04,47.4 ], [ -123.04,47.97 ], [ -122.43,47.97 ], [ -122.43,47.4 ], [ -123.04,47.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5ce4b0687ba0506b5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paulson, Anthony J. 0000-0002-2358-8834 apaulson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-8834","contributorId":5236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"Anthony","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":478857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conn, Kathleen E. 0000-0002-2334-6536 kconn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2334-6536","contributorId":3923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conn","given":"Kathleen E.","email":"kconn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeWild, John F. 0000-0003-4097-2798 jfdewild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-2798","contributorId":2525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWild","given":"John","email":"jfdewild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046081,"text":"sir20135007 - 2013 - Relation of watershed setting and stream nutrient yields at selected sites in central and eastern North Carolina, 1997-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T20:36:54","indexId":"sir20135007","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5007","title":"Relation of watershed setting and stream nutrient yields at selected sites in central and eastern North Carolina, 1997-2008","docAbstract":"Data collected between 1997 and 2008 at 48 stream sites were used to characterize relations between watershed settings and stream nutrient yields throughout central and eastern North Carolina. The focus of the investigation was to identify environmental variables in watersheds that influence nutrient export for supporting the development and prioritization of management strategies for restoring nutrient-impaired streams.\n\nNutrient concentration data and streamflow data compiled for the 1997 to 2008 study period were used to compute stream yields of nitrate, total nitrogen (N), and total phosphorus (P) for each study site. Compiled environmental data (including variables for land cover, hydrologic soil groups, base-flow index, streams, wastewater treatment facilities, and concentrated animal feeding operations) were used to characterize the watershed settings for the study sites. Data for the environmental variables were analyzed in combination with the stream nutrient yields to explore relations based on watershed characteristics and to evaluate whether particular variables were useful indicators of watersheds having relatively higher or lower potential for exporting nutrients.\n\nData evaluations included an examination of median annual nutrient yields based on a watershed land-use classification scheme developed as part of the study. An initial examination of the data indicated that the highest median annual nutrient yields occurred at both agricultural and urban sites, especially for urban sites having large percentages of point-source flow contributions to the streams. The results of statistical testing identified significant differences in annual nutrient yields when sites were analyzed on the basis of watershed land-use category. When statistical differences in median annual yields were noted, the results for nitrate, total N, and total P were similar in that highly urbanized watersheds (greater than 30 percent developed land use) and (or) watersheds with greater than 10 percent point-source flow contributions to streamflow had higher yields relative to undeveloped watersheds (having less than 10 and 15 percent developed and agricultural land uses, respectively) and watersheds with relatively low agricultural land use (between 15 and 30 percent). The statistical tests further indicated that the median annual yields for total P were statistically higher for watersheds with high agricultural land use (greater than 30 percent) compared to the undeveloped watersheds and watersheds with low agricultural land use. The total P yields also were higher for watersheds with low urban land use (between 10 and 30 percent developed land) compared to the undeveloped watersheds. The study data indicate that grouping and examining stream nutrient yields based on the land-use classifications used in this report can be useful for characterizing relations between watershed settings and nutrient yields in streams located throughout central and eastern North Carolina.\n\nCompiled study data also were analyzed with four regression tree models as a means of determining which watershed environmental variables or combination of variables result in basins that are likely to have high or low nutrient yields. The regression tree analyses indicated that some of the environmental variables examined in this study were useful for predicting yields of nitrate, total N, and total P. When the median annual nutrient yields for all 48 sites were evaluated as a group (Model 1), annual point-source flow yields had the greatest influence on nitrate and total N yields observed in streams, and annual streamflow yields had the greatest influence on yields of total P. The Model 1 results indicated that watersheds with higher annual point-source flow yields had higher annual yields of nitrate and total N, and watersheds with higher annual streamflow yields had higher annual yields of total P.\n\nWhen sites with high point-source flows (greater than 10 percent of total streamflow) were excluded from the regression tree analyses (Models 2–4), the percentage of forested land in the watersheds was identified as the primary environmental variable influencing stream yields for both total N and total P. Models 2, 3 and 4 did not identify any watershed environmental variables that could adequately explain the observed variability in the nitrate yields among the set of sites examined by each of these models. The results for Models 2, 3, and 4 indicated that watersheds with higher percentages of forested land had lower annual total N and total P yields compared to watersheds with lower percentages of forested land, which had higher median annual total N and total P yields. Additional environmental variables determined to further influence the stream nutrient yields included median annual percentage of point-source flow contributions to the streams, variables of land cover (percentage of forested land, agricultural land, and (or) forested land plus wetlands) in the watershed and (or) in the stream buffer, and drainage area. The regression tree models can serve as a tool for relating differences in select watershed attributes to differences in stream yields of nitrate, total N, and total P, which can provide beneficial information for improving nutrient management in streams throughout North Carolina and for reducing nutrient loads to coastal waters.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135007","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality","usgsCitation":"Harden, S.L., Cuffney, T.F., Terziotti, S., and Kolb, K.R., 2013, Relation of watershed setting and stream nutrient yields at selected sites in central and eastern North Carolina, 1997-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5007, vii, 47 p.; 4 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135007.","productDescription":"vii, 47 p.; 4 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"59","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135007.png"},{"id":272757,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5007/Appendixes/Appendix1"},{"id":272755,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5007/"},{"id":272760,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5007/Appendixes/Appendix4"},{"id":272758,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5007/Appendixes/Appendix2"},{"id":272759,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5007/Appendixes/Appendix3"},{"id":272756,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5007/pdf/sir2013-5007.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.32,33.84 ], [ -84.32,36.59 ], [ -75.46,36.59 ], [ -75.46,33.84 ], [ -84.32,33.84 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5de4b0687ba0506b6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harden, Stephen L. 0000-0001-6886-0099 slharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-0099","contributorId":2212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Stephen","email":"slharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cuffney, Thomas F. 0000-0003-1164-5560 tcuffney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-5560","contributorId":517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuffney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Terziotti, Silvia 0000-0003-3559-5844 seterzio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3559-5844","contributorId":1613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terziotti","given":"Silvia","email":"seterzio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolb, Katharine R. 0000-0002-1663-1662 kkolb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1663-1662","contributorId":16299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolb","given":"Katharine","email":"kkolb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046078,"text":"fs20133028 - 2013 - Visualizing flow fields using acoustic Doppler current profilers and the Velocity Mapping Toolbox","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T11:37:47","indexId":"fs20133028","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3028","title":"Visualizing flow fields using acoustic Doppler current profilers and the Velocity Mapping Toolbox","docAbstract":"The purpose of this fact sheet is to provide examples of how the U.S. Geological Survey is using acoustic Doppler current profilers for much more than routine discharge measurements. These instruments are capable of mapping complex three-dimensional flow fields within rivers, lakes, and estuaries. Using the Velocity Mapping Toolbox to process the ADCP data allows detailed visualization of the data, providing valuable information for a range of studies and applications.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133028","usgsCitation":"Jackson, P., 2013, Visualizing flow fields using acoustic Doppler current profilers and the Velocity Mapping Toolbox: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3028, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133028.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272690,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3028/"},{"id":272693,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3028/pdf/fs2013-3028.pdf"},{"id":272698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133028.gif"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5fe4b0687ba0506b82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, P. Ryan","contributorId":68571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"P. Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046077,"text":"ofr20131100 - 2013 - Use of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) habitat models to predict breeding birds on the San Pedro River, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T13:46:12","indexId":"ofr20131100","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1100","title":"Use of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) habitat models to predict breeding birds on the San Pedro River, Arizona","docAbstract":"Successful management practices of avian populations depend on understanding relationships between birds and their habitat, especially in rare habitats, such as riparian areas of the desert Southwest. Remote-sensing technology has become popular in habitat modeling, but most of these models focus on single species, leaving their applicability to understanding broader community structure and function largely untested. We investigated the usefulness of two Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) habitat models to model avian abundance and species richness on the upper San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona. Although NDVI was positively correlated with our bird metrics, the amount of explained variation was low. We then investigated the addition of vegetation metrics and other remote-sensing metrics to improve our models. Although both vegetation metrics and remotely sensed metrics increased the power of our models, the overall explained variation was still low, suggesting that general avian community structure may be too complex for NDVI models.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131100","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Arizona","usgsCitation":"McFarland, T.M., and van Riper, C., 2013, Use of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) habitat models to predict breeding birds on the San Pedro River, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1100, iii, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131100.","productDescription":"iii, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"45","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":558,"text":"Sonoran Desert Research Station","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272729,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131100.jpg"},{"id":272728,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1100/pdf/ofr20131100.pdf"},{"id":272726,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1100/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.82,31.33 ], [ -114.82,37.0 ], [ -109.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,31.33 ], [ -114.82,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5ee4b0687ba0506b7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McFarland, Tiffany Marie","contributorId":40879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarland","given":"Tiffany","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046075,"text":"ofr20131112 - 2013 - Bison grazing ecology at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T11:53:38","indexId":"ofr20131112","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1112","title":"Bison grazing ecology at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Rocky Mountain Arsenal (RMA) National Wildlife Refuge reintroduced bison to a small pasture in 2007. Refuge managers needed information on the effects of bison grazing on vegetation communities in the bison pasture as well as information on how bison might affect other management priorities at RMA. In particular, RMA managers were interested in bison grazing effects on vegetation productivity, amount of vegetation utilization by bison, and habitat selection by bison to inform RMA herd managers and for potential expansion of bison range on the refuge. In 2007, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) designed a study to investigate bison grazing effects through measurement of vegetation in the 600-hectare enclosure where the bison are currently pastured. This research was a collaborative effort between USGS and RMA refuge staff and had active field components in 2007 and 2010. We found that the effects and intensity of bison grazing on vegetation in the RMA bison pasture is linked to prairie dog presence. Where both species were present, they were removing a significant amount of biomass compared to areas where only bison were present. Also, prairie dogs appeared to enhance the greater production of native forbs, but we were not able to identify the mechanism for this increased production. We were not able, however, to generate an accurate vegetation map for the bison pasture, and this limited our ability to achieve the level of statistical precision necessary to identify grazing impacts and habitat selection of bison.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131112","usgsCitation":"Germaine, S., Zeigenfuss, L., and Schoenecker, K.A., 2013, Bison grazing ecology at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1112, v, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131112.","productDescription":"v, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043873","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272744,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131112.gif"},{"id":272742,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1112/"},{"id":272743,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1112/OF13-1112-508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.903158,39.798217 ], [ -104.903158,39.871013 ], [ -104.790773,39.871013 ], [ -104.790773,39.798217 ], [ -104.903158,39.798217 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5be4b0687ba0506b52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Germaine, Steve 0000-0002-7614-2676 germaines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7614-2676","contributorId":4743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germaine","given":"Steve","email":"germaines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zeigenfuss, Linda 0000-0002-6700-8563 linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6700-8563","contributorId":2079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigenfuss","given":"Linda","email":"linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoenecker, Kathryn A. 0000-0001-9906-911X schoeneckerk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-911X","contributorId":2001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenecker","given":"Kathryn","email":"schoeneckerk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046074,"text":"70046074 - 2013 - Trends in amphibian occupancy in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-10T13:38:32","indexId":"70046074","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in amphibian occupancy in the United States","docAbstract":"Though a third of amphibian species worldwide are thought to be imperiled, existing assessments simply categorize extinction risk, providing little information on the rate of population losses. We conducted the first analysis of the rate of change in the probability that amphibians occupy ponds and other comparable habitat features across the United States. We found that overall occupancy by amphibians declined 3.7% annually from 2002 to 2011. Species that are Red-listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) declined an average of 11.6% annually. All subsets of data examined had a declining trend including species in the IUCN Least Concern category. This analysis suggests that amphibian declines may be more widespread and severe than previously realized.","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0064347","usgsCitation":"Adams, M.J., Miller, D., Muths, E., Corn, P., Grant, E., Bailey, L., Fellers, G.M., Fisher, R.N., Sadinski, W.J., Waddle, H., and Walls, S., 2013, Trends in amphibian occupancy in the United States: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 5, e64347; 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064347.","productDescription":"e64347; 5 p.","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064347","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":272682,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272681,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064347"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-66.28243,18.51476],[-65.7713,18.42668],[-65.591,18.22803],[-65.84716,17.97591],[-66.59993,17.98182],[-67.18416,17.94655],[-67.24243,18.37446],[-67.10068,18.5206],[-66.28243,18.51476]]],[[[-155.54211,19.08348],[-155.68817,18.91619],[-155.93665,19.05939],[-155.90806,19.33888],[-156.07347,19.70294],[-156.02368,19.81422],[-155.85008,19.97729],[-155.91907,20.17395],[-155.86108,20.26721],[-155.78505,20.2487],[-155.40214,20.07975],[-155.22452,19.99302],[-155.06226,19.8591],[-154.80741,19.50871],[-154.83147,19.45328],[-155.22217,19.23972],[-155.54211,19.08348]]],[[[-156.07926,20.64397],[-156.41445,20.57241],[-156.58673,20.783],[-156.70167,20.8643],[-156.71055,20.92676],[-156.61258,21.01249],[-156.25711,20.91745],[-155.99566,20.76404],[-156.07926,20.64397]]],[[[-156.75824,21.17684],[-156.78933,21.06873],[-157.32521,21.09777],[-157.25027,21.21958],[-156.75824,21.17684]]],[[[-157.65283,21.32217],[-157.70703,21.26442],[-157.7786,21.27729],[-158.12667,21.31244],[-158.2538,21.53919],[-158.29265,21.57912],[-158.0252,21.71696],[-157.94161,21.65272],[-157.65283,21.32217]]],[[[-159.34512,21.982],[-159.46372,21.88299],[-159.80051,22.06533],[-159.74877,22.1382],[-159.5962,22.23618],[-159.36569,22.21494],[-159.34512,21.982]]],[[[-94.81758,49.38905],[-94.64,48.84],[-94.32914,48.67074],[-93.63087,48.60926],[-92.61,48.45],[-91.64,48.14],[-90.83,48.27],[-89.6,48.01],[-89.27292,48.01981],[-88.37811,48.30292],[-87.43979,47.94],[-86.46199,47.55334],[-85.65236,47.22022],[-84.87608,46.90008],[-84.77924,46.6371],[-84.54375,46.53868],[-84.6049,46.4396],[-84.3367,46.40877],[-84.14212,46.51223],[-84.09185,46.27542],[-83.89077,46.11693],[-83.61613,46.11693],[-83.46955,45.99469],[-83.59285,45.81689],[-82.55092,45.34752],[-82.33776,44.44],[-82.13764,43.57109],[-82.43,42.98],[-82.9,42.43],[-83.12,42.08],[-83.142,41.97568],[-83.02981,41.8328],[-82.69009,41.67511],[-82.43928,41.67511],[-81.27775,42.20903],[-80.24745,42.3662],[-78.93936,42.86361],[-78.92,42.965],[-79.01,43.27],[-79.17167,43.46634],[-78.72028,43.62509],[-77.73789,43.62906],[-76.82003,43.62878],[-76.5,44.01846],[-76.375,44.09631],[-75.31821,44.81645],[-74.867,45.00048],[-73.34783,45.00738],[-71.50506,45.0082],[-71.405,45.255],[-71.08482,45.30524],[-70.66,45.46],[-70.305,45.915],[-69.99997,46.69307],[-69.23722,47.44778],[-68.905,47.185],[-68.23444,47.35486],[-67.79046,47.06636],[-67.79134,45.70281],[-67.13741,45.13753],[-66.96466,44.8097],[-68.03252,44.3252],[-69.06,43.98],[-70.11617,43.68405],[-70.64548,43.09024],[-70.81489,42.8653],[-70.825,42.335],[-70.495,41.805],[-70.08,41.78],[-70.185,42.145],[-69.88497,41.92283],[-69.96503,41.63717],[-70.64,41.475],[-71.12039,41.49445],[-71.86,41.32],[-72.295,41.27],[-72.87643,41.22065],[-73.71,40.9311],[-72.24126,41.11948],[-71.945,40.93],[-73.345,40.63],[-73.982,40.628],[-73.95232,40.75075],[-74.25671,40.47351],[-73.96244,40.42763],[-74.17838,39.70926],[-74.90604,38.93954],[-74.98041,39.1964],[-75.20002,39.24845],[-75.52805,39.4985],[-75.32,38.96],[-75.07183,38.78203],[-75.05673,38.40412],[-75.37747,38.01551],[-75.94023,37.21689],[-76.03127,37.2566],[-75.72205,37.93705],[-76.23287,38.31921],[-76.35,39.15],[-76.54272,38.71762],[-76.32933,38.08326],[-76.99,38.23999],[-76.30162,37.91794],[-76.25874,36.9664],[-75.9718,36.89726],[-75.86804,36.55125],[-75.72749,35.55074],[-76.36318,34.80854],[-77.39763,34.51201],[-78.05496,33.92547],[-78.55435,33.86133],[-79.06067,33.49395],[-79.20357,33.15839],[-80.30132,32.50935],[-80.86498,32.0333],[-81.33629,31.44049],[-81.49042,30.72999],[-81.31371,30.03552],[-80.98,29.18],[-80.53558,28.47213],[-80.53,28.04],[-80.05654,26.88],[-80.08801,26.20576],[-80.13156,25.81677],[-80.38103,25.20616],[-80.68,25.08],[-81.17213,25.20126],[-81.33,25.64],[-81.71,25.87],[-82.24,26.73],[-82.70515,27.49504],[-82.85526,27.88624],[-82.65,28.55],[-82.93,29.1],[-83.70959,29.93656],[-84.1,30.09],[-85.10882,29.63615],[-85.28784,29.68612],[-85.7731,30.15261],[-86.4,30.4],[-87.53036,30.27433],[-88.41782,30.3849],[-89.18049,30.31598],[-89.59383,30.15999],[-89.41373,29.89419],[-89.43,29.48864],[-89.21767,29.29108],[-89.40823,29.15961],[-89.77928,29.30714],[-90.15463,29.11743],[-90.88022,29.14854],[-91.62678,29.677],[-92.49906,29.5523],[-93.22637,29.78375],[-93.84842,29.71363],[-94.69,29.48],[-95.60026,28.73863],[-96.59404,28.30748],[-97.14,27.83],[-97.37,27.38],[-97.38,26.69],[-97.33,26.21],[-97.14,25.87],[-97.53,25.84],[-98.24,26.06],[-99.02,26.37],[-99.3,26.84],[-99.52,27.54],[-100.11,28.11],[-100.45584,28.69612],[-100.9576,29.38071],[-101.6624,29.7793],[-102.48,29.76],[-103.11,28.97],[-103.94,29.27],[-104.45697,29.57196],[-104.70575,30.12173],[-105.03737,30.64402],[-105.63159,31.08383],[-106.1429,31.39995],[-106.50759,31.75452],[-108.24,31.75485],[-108.24194,31.34222],[-109.035,31.34194],[-111.02361,31.33472],[-113.30498,32.03914],[-114.815,32.52528],[-114.72139,32.72083],[-115.99135,32.61239],[-117.12776,32.53534],[-117.29594,33.04622],[-117.944,33.62124],[-118.4106,33.74091],[-118.51989,34.02778],[-119.081,34.078],[-119.43884,34.34848],[-120.36778,34.44711],[-120.62286,34.60855],[-120.74433,35.15686],[-121.71457,36.16153],[-122.54747,37.55176],[-122.51201,37.78339],[-122.95319,38.11371],[-123.7272,38.95166],[-123.86517,39.76699],[-124.39807,40.3132],[-124.17886,41.14202],[-124.2137,41.99964],[-124.53284,42.76599],[-124.14214,43.70838],[-124.02053,44.6159],[-123.89893,45.52341],[-124.07963,46.86475],[-124.39567,47.72017],[-124.68721,48.18443],[-124.5661,48.37971],[-123.12,48.04],[-122.58736,47.096],[-122.34,47.36],[-122.5,48.18],[-122.84,49],[-120,49],[-117.03121,49],[-116.04818,49],[-113,49],[-110.05,49],[-107.05,49],[-104.04826,48.99986],[-100.65,49],[-97.22872,49.0007],[-95.15907,49],[-95.15609,49.38425],[-94.81758,49.38905]]],[[[-153.00631,57.11584],[-154.00509,56.73468],[-154.5164,56.99275],[-154.67099,57.4612],[-153.76278,57.81657],[-153.22873,57.96897],[-152.56479,57.90143],[-152.14115,57.59106],[-153.00631,57.11584]]],[[[-165.57916,59.90999],[-166.19277,59.75444],[-166.84834,59.94141],[-167.45528,60.21307],[-166.46779,60.38417],[-165.67443,60.29361],[-165.57916,59.90999]]],[[[-171.73166,63.78252],[-171.11443,63.59219],[-170.49111,63.69498],[-169.68251,63.43112],[-168.68944,63.29751],[-168.77194,63.1886],[-169.52944,62.97693],[-170.29056,63.19444],[-170.67139,63.37582],[-171.55306,63.31779],[-171.79111,63.40585],[-171.73166,63.78252]]],[[[-155.06779,71.14778],[-154.34417,70.69641],[-153.90001,70.88999],[-152.21001,70.82999],[-152.27,70.60001],[-150.73999,70.43002],[-149.72,70.53001],[-147.61336,70.21403],[-145.68999,70.12001],[-144.92001,69.98999],[-143.58945,70.15251],[-142.07251,69.85194],[-140.98599,69.712],[-140.9925,66.00003],[-140.99777,60.3064],[-140.013,60.27684],[-139.039,60.00001],[-138.34089,59.56211],[-137.4525,58.905],[-136.47972,59.46389],[-135.47583,59.78778],[-134.945,59.27056],[-134.27111,58.86111],[-133.35555,58.41029],[-132.73042,57.69289],[-131.70781,56.55212],[-130.00778,55.91583],[-129.97999,55.285],[-130.53611,54.80275],[-131.08582,55.17891],[-131.96721,55.49778],[-132.25001,56.37],[-133.53918,57.17889],[-134.07806,58.12307],[-135.03821,58.18771],[-136.62806,58.21221],[-137.80001,58.5],[-139.86779,59.53776],[-140.82527,59.72752],[-142.57444,60.08445],[-143.95888,59.99918],[-145.92556,60.45861],[-147.11437,60.88466],[-148.22431,60.67299],[-148.01807,59.97833],[-148.57082,59.91417],[-149.72786,59.70566],[-150.60824,59.36821],[-151.71639,59.15582],[-151.85943,59.74498],[-151.40972,60.7258],[-150.34694,61.03359],[-150.62111,61.28442],[-151.89584,60.7272],[-152.57833,60.06166],[-154.01917,59.35028],[-153.28751,58.86473],[-154.23249,58.14637],[-155.30749,57.72779],[-156.30833,57.42277],[-156.5561,56.97998],[-158.11722,56.46361],[-158.43332,55.99415],[-159.60333,55.56669],[-160.28972,55.64358],[-161.22305,55.36473],[-162.23777,55.02419],[-163.06945,54.68974],[-164.78557,54.40417],[-164.94223,54.57222],[-163.84834,55.03943],[-162.87,55.34804],[-161.80417,55.89499],[-160.5636,56.00805],[-160.07056,56.41806],[-158.68444,57.01668],[-158.4611,57.21692],[-157.72277,57.57],[-157.55027,58.32833],[-157.04167,58.91888],[-158.19473,58.6158],[-158.51722,58.78778],[-159.05861,58.42419],[-159.71167,58.93139],[-159.98129,58.57255],[-160.35527,59.07112],[-161.355,58.67084],[-161.96889,58.67166],[-162.05499,59.26693],[-161.87417,59.63362],[-162.51806,59.98972],[-163.81834,59.79806],[-164.66222,60.26748],[-165.34639,60.5075],[-165.35083,61.0739],[-166.12138,61.50002],[-165.73445,62.075],[-164.91918,62.63308],[-164.56251,63.14638],[-163.75333,63.21945],[-163.06722,63.05946],[-162.26056,63.54194],[-161.53445,63.45582],[-160.77251,63.76611],[-160.95834,64.2228],[-161.51807,64.40279],[-160.77778,64.7886],[-161.39193,64.77724],[-162.45305,64.55944],[-162.75779,64.33861],[-163.54639,64.55916],[-164.96083,64.44695],[-166.42529,64.68667],[-166.845,65.0889],[-168.11056,65.67],[-166.70527,66.08832],[-164.47471,66.57666],[-163.65251,66.57666],[-163.7886,66.07721],[-161.67777,66.11612],[-162.48971,66.73557],[-163.71972,67.11639],[-164.43099,67.61634],[-165.39029,68.04277],[-166.76444,68.35888],[-166.20471,68.88303],[-164.43081,68.91554],[-163.16861,69.37111],[-162.93057,69.85806],[-161.9089,70.33333],[-160.9348,70.44769],[-159.03918,70.89164],[-158.11972,70.82472],[-156.58082,71.35776],[-155.06779,71.14778]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"United States\"}}]}","volume":"8","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5ee4b0687ba0506b7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, M. J. 0000-0001-8844-042X mjadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":3133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"mjadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, David A.W.","contributorId":19423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David A.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muths, Erin 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":14012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Corn, Paul Stephen 0000-0002-4106-6335","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6335","contributorId":107379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"Paul Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grant, Evan H. Campbell","contributorId":14686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Evan H. Campbell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bailey, Larissa L.","contributorId":93183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Larissa L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sadinski, Walter J. wsadinski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadinski","given":"Walter","email":"wsadinski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Waddle, Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133 waddleh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":2911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"Hardin","email":"waddleh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":52284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70046064,"text":"70046064 - 2013 - Coal resources, reserves and peak coal production in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T15:10:11","indexId":"70046064","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coal resources, reserves and peak coal production in the United States","docAbstract":"In spite of its large endowment of coal resources, recent studies have indicated that United States coal production is destined to reach a maximum and begin an irreversible decline sometime during the middle of the current century. However, studies and assessments illustrating coal reserve data essential for making accurate forecasts of United States coal production have not been compiled on a national basis. As a result, there is a great deal of uncertainty in the accuracy of the production forecasts. A very large percentage of the coal mined in the United States comes from a few large-scale mines (mega-mines) in the Powder River Basin of Wyoming and Montana. Reported reserves at these mines do not account for future potential reserves or for future development of technology that may make coal classified currently as resources into reserves in the future. In order to maintain United States coal production at or near current levels for an extended period of time, existing mines will eventually have to increase their recoverable reserves and/or new large-scale mines will have to be opened elsewhere. Accordingly, in order to facilitate energy planning for the United States, this paper suggests that probabilistic assessments of the remaining coal reserves in the country would improve long range forecasts of coal production. As it is in United States coal assessment projects currently being conducted, a major priority of probabilistic assessments would be to identify the numbers and sizes of remaining large blocks of coal capable of supporting large-scale mining operations for extended periods of time and to conduct economic evaluations of those resources.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.002","usgsCitation":"Milici, R.C., Flores, R.M., and Stricker, G.D., 2013, Coal resources, reserves and peak coal production in the United States: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 113, p. 109-115, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.002.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"115","ipdsId":"IP-027301","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272764,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.002"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,19.0 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -67.0,71.4 ], [ -67.0,19.0 ], [ 172.5,19.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"113","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5be4b0687ba0506b5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milici, Robert C. rmilici@usgs.gov","contributorId":563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milici","given":"Robert","email":"rmilici@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flores, Romeo M. rflores@usgs.gov","contributorId":71984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"Romeo","email":"rflores@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stricker, Gary D. gstricker@usgs.gov","contributorId":87163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricker","given":"Gary","email":"gstricker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046068,"text":"ofr20131109 - 2013 - Procedure for calculating estimated ultimate recoveries of Bakken and Three Forks Formations horizontal wells in the Williston Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T10:51:31","indexId":"ofr20131109","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1109","title":"Procedure for calculating estimated ultimate recoveries of Bakken and Three Forks Formations horizontal wells in the Williston Basin","docAbstract":"Estimated ultimate recoveries (EURs) are a key component in determining productivity of wells in continuous-type oil and gas reservoirs. EURs form the foundation of a well-performance-based assessment methodology initially developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS; Schmoker, 1999). This methodology was formally reviewed by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists Committee on Resource Evaluation (Curtis and others, 2001).\n\nThe EUR estimation methodology described in this paper was used in the 2013 USGS assessment of continuous oil resources in the Bakken and Three Forks Formations and incorporates uncertainties that would not normally be included in a basic decline-curve calculation. These uncertainties relate to (1) the mean time before failure of the entire well-production system (excluding economics), (2) the uncertainty of when (and if) a stable hyperbolic-decline profile is revealed in the production data, (3) the particular formation involved, (4) relations between initial production rates and a stable hyperbolic-decline profile, and (5) the final behavior of the decline extrapolation as production becomes more dependent on matrix storage.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131109","usgsCitation":"Cook, T.A., 2013, Procedure for calculating estimated ultimate recoveries of Bakken and Three Forks Formations horizontal wells in the Williston Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1109, iv, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131109.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043279","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272685,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131109.gif"},{"id":272683,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1109/"},{"id":272684,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1109/OF13-1109.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota;South Dakota;Montana;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Williston Basin;Bakken Formation;Three Forks Formation","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.5,43.0 ], [ -108.5,49.0 ], [ -96.0,49.0 ], [ -96.0,43.0 ], [ -108.5,43.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5de4b0687ba0506b6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cook, Troy A.","contributorId":52519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046071,"text":"70046071 - 2013 - Arsenic and mercury in the soils of an industrial city in the Donets Basin, Ukraine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T12:20:54","indexId":"70046071","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3423,"text":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic and mercury in the soils of an industrial city in the Donets Basin, Ukraine","docAbstract":"Soil and house dust collected in and around Hg mines and a processing facility in Horlivka, a mid-sized city in the Donets Basin of southeastern Ukraine, have elevated As and Hg levels. Surface soils collected at a former Hg-processing facility had up to 1300 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> As and 8800 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> Hg; 1M HCl extractions showed 74–93% of the total As, and 1–13% of the total Hg to be solubilized, suggesting differential environmental mobility between these elements. In general, lower extractability of As and Hg was seen in soil samples up to 12 km from the Hg-processing facility, and the extractable (1M HCl, synthetic precipitation, deionized water) fractions of As are greater than those for Hg, indicating that Hg is present in a more resistant form than As. The means (standard deviation) of total As and Hg in grab samples collected from playgrounds and public spaces within 12 km of the industrial facility were 64 (±38) mg kg<sup>−1</sup> As and 12 (±9.4) mg kg<sup>−1</sup> Hg; all concentrations are elevated compared to regional soils. The mean concentrations of As and Hg in dust from homes in Horlivka were 5–15 times higher than dust from homes in a control city. Estimates of possible exposure to As and Hg through inadvertent soil ingestion are provided.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2013.750270","usgsCitation":"Conko, K.M., Landa, E.R., Kolker, A., Kozlov, K., Gibb, H.J., Centeno, J., Panov, B.S., and Panov, Y.B., 2013, Arsenic and mercury in the soils of an industrial city in the Donets Basin, Ukraine: Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, v. 22, no. 5, p. 574-593, https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2013.750270.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"574","endPage":"593","ipdsId":"IP-021384","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272745,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272646,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2013.750270"}],"country":"Ukraine","otherGeospatial":"Donets Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 22.14,44.39 ], [ 22.14,52.38 ], [ 40.23,52.38 ], [ 40.23,44.39 ], [ 22.14,44.39 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"22","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5ae4b0687ba0506b4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conko, Kathryn M. 0000-0001-6361-4921 kmconko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6361-4921","contributorId":2930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conko","given":"Kathryn","email":"kmconko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":478810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landa, Edward R. erlanda@usgs.gov","contributorId":2112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"Edward","email":"erlanda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":478809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kozlov, Kostiantyn","contributorId":57755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozlov","given":"Kostiantyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gibb, Herman J.","contributorId":65370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibb","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Centeno, Jose","contributorId":17516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Centeno","given":"Jose","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Panov, Boris S.","contributorId":37628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panov","given":"Boris","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Panov, Yuri B.","contributorId":92155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panov","given":"Yuri","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70046056,"text":"70046056 - 2013 - Seawater circulation in sediments driven by interactions between seabed topography and fluid density","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T15:26:09","indexId":"70046056","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seawater circulation in sediments driven by interactions between seabed topography and fluid density","docAbstract":"Measurements of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in coastal areas often show that the saltwater discharge component is substantially greater than the freshwater discharge. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain these high saltwater discharge values, including saltwater circulation driven by wave and tidal pumping, wave and tidal setup in intertidal areas, currents over bedforms, and density gradients resulting from mixing along the freshwater-saltwater interface. In this study, a new mechanism for saltwater circulation and discharge is proposed and evaluated. The process results from interaction between bedform topography and buoyancy forces, even without flow or current over the bedform. In this mechanism, an inverted salinity (and density) profile in the presence of both a bedform on the seafloor and an upward flow of fresher groundwater from depth induces a downward flow of saline pore water under the troughs and upward flow under the adjacent crest of the bedform. The magnitude and occurrence of the mechanism were tested using numerical methods. The results indicate that this mechanism could drive seawater circulation under a limited range of conditions and contribute 20%–30% of local SGD when and where the process is operative. Bedform shape, hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic head, and salinity at depth in the porous media, aquifer thickness, effective porosity, and hydrodynamic dispersion are among the factors that control the occurrence and magnitude of the circulation of seawater by this mechanism.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20121","usgsCitation":"Konikow, L.F., Akhavan, M., Langevin, C., Michael, H., and Sawyer, A., 2013, Seawater circulation in sediments driven by interactions between seabed topography and fluid density: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 3, p. 1386-1399, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20121.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1386","endPage":"1399","ipdsId":"IP-040793","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272746,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20121"}],"volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5de4b0687ba0506b72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Akhavan, M.","contributorId":22659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akhavan","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langevin, C.D.","contributorId":25976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michael, H.A.","contributorId":98858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sawyer, A.H.","contributorId":33197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046052,"text":"ofr20131101 - 2013 - Bathymetric surveys of selected lakes in Missouri--2000-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T10:15:22","indexId":"ofr20131101","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1101","title":"Bathymetric surveys of selected lakes in Missouri--2000-2008","docAbstract":"Years of sediment accumulation and abnormally dry conditions in the Midwest in 1999 and 2000 led to the water level decline of many water-supply lakes in Missouri, and caused renewed interest in modernizing outdated area/volume tables for these lakes. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, surveyed the bathymetry of 51 lakes in Missouri from July 2000 to May 2008. The data were used to provide water managers with area/volume tables and bathymetric maps of the lakes at the time of the surveys.\n\nIn 50 of the lakes, bathymetric surveys were made using a boat-mounted single-beam survey-grade fathometer. In Clearwater Lake, bathymetric data were collected primarily using a boat-mounted survey-grade multibeam fathometer, and some bathymetric data were collected using a single-beam fathometer in areas of the lake that were inaccessible to the multibeam fathometer. Data processing, area/volume table computation, and bathymetric map production were completed for each lake.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131101","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Missouri Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Richards, J.M., 2013, Bathymetric surveys of selected lakes in Missouri--2000-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1101, iv, 8 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131101.","productDescription":"iv, 8 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-043656","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272680,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131101.gif"},{"id":272677,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1101/"},{"id":272679,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1101/downloads/"},{"id":272678,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1101/ofr13_1101web.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.77,36.0 ], [ -95.77,40.61 ], [ -89.0,40.61 ], [ -89.0,36.0 ], [ -95.77,36.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5ae4b0687ba0506b4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richards, Joseph M. 0000-0002-9822-2706 richards@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9822-2706","contributorId":2370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Joseph","email":"richards@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046073,"text":"pp1798C - 2013 - Peak streamflows and runoff volumes for the Central United States, February through September, 2011","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70046073,"text":"pp1798C - 2013 - Peak streamflows and runoff volumes for the Central United States, February through September, 2011","indexId":"pp1798C","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Peak streamflows and runoff volumes for the Central United States, February through September, 2011"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-18T13:18:41.991968","indexId":"pp1798C","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1798","chapter":"C","title":"Peak streamflows and runoff volumes for the Central United States, February through September, 2011","docAbstract":"During 2011, excessive precipitation resulted in widespread flooding in the Central United States with 33 fatalities and approximately $4.2 billion in damages reported in the Souris/Red River of the North (Souris/Red) and Mississippi River Basins. At different times, beginning in late February 2011 and extending through September 2011, various rivers in these basins had major flooding, with some locations receiving multiple rounds of flooding. Peak streamflow records were broken at 105 streamgages in the Souris/Red and Mississippi River Basins and annual runoff volume records set at 47 of the 211 streamgages analyzed for annual runoff. For the period of 1950 through 2011, the Ohio River provided almost one-half of the annual runoff at Vicksburg; the Missouri River contributed less than one-fourth, and the lower Mississippi River less than one-fourth. Those relative contribution patterns also occurred in 1973 and 2011, with the notable exception of the decrease in contribution of the lower Mississippi River tributaries and the increase in contribution from the upper Missouri River Basin in 2011 as compared to 1973 and the long-term average from 1950 to 2011.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"2011 floods of the central United States (Professional Paper 1798)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1798C","usgsCitation":"Holmes, R.R., Wiche, G.J., Koenig, T.A., and Sando, S.K., 2013, Peak streamflows and runoff volumes for the Central United States, February through September, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1798, iv, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1798C.","productDescription":"iv, 60 p.","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-02-01","temporalEnd":"2011-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272649,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798c/pp1798c.pdf"},{"id":272648,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798c/"},{"id":272650,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1798C.gif"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,24.52 ], [ -124.41,49.0 ], [ -67.0,49.0 ], [ -67.0,24.52 ], [ -124.41,24.52 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5ce4b0687ba0506b66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holmes, Robert R. Jr. 0000-0002-5060-3999 bholmes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-3999","contributorId":1624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"bholmes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiche, Gregg J. gjwiche@usgs.gov","contributorId":1675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiche","given":"Gregg","email":"gjwiche@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koenig, Todd A. 0000-0001-5635-0219 tkoenig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5635-0219","contributorId":4463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Todd","email":"tkoenig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sando, Steven K. 0000-0003-1206-1030 sksando@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1206-1030","contributorId":1016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"Steven","email":"sksando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046072,"text":"70046072 - 2013 - The effect of increasing salinity and forest mortality on soil nitrogen and phosphorus mineralization in tidal freshwater forested wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-01T09:50:57","indexId":"70046072","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of increasing salinity and forest mortality on soil nitrogen and phosphorus mineralization in tidal freshwater forested wetlands","docAbstract":"Tidal freshwater wetlands are sensitive to sea level rise and increased salinity, although little information is known about the impact of salinification on nutrient biogeochemistry in tidal freshwater forested wetlands. We quantified soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) mineralization using seasonal in situ incubations of modified resin cores along spatial gradients of chronic salinification (from continuously freshwater tidal forest to salt impacted tidal forest to oligohaline marsh) and in hummocks and hollows of the continuously freshwater tidal forest along the blackwater Waccamaw River and alluvial Savannah River. Salinification increased rates of net N and P mineralization fluxes and turnover in tidal freshwater forested wetland soils, most likely through tree stress and senescence (for N) and conversion to oligohaline marsh (for P). Stimulation of N and P mineralization by chronic salinification was apparently unrelated to inputs of sulfate (for N and P) or direct effects of increased soil conductivity (for N). In addition, the tidal wetland soils of the alluvial river mineralized more P relative to N than the blackwater river. Finally, hummocks had much greater nitrification fluxes than hollows at the continuously freshwater tidal forested wetland sites. These findings add to knowledge of the responses of tidal freshwater ecosystems to sea level rise and salinification that is necessary to predict the consequences of state changes in coastal ecosystem structure and function due to global change, including potential impacts on estuarine eutrophication.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-012-9805-1","usgsCitation":"Noe, G., Krauss, K.W., Lockaby, B.G., Conner, W.H., and Hupp, C.R., 2013, The effect of increasing salinity and forest mortality on soil nitrogen and phosphorus mineralization in tidal freshwater forested wetlands: Biogeochemistry, v. 114, no. 1-3, p. 225-244, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-012-9805-1.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"244","ipdsId":"IP-040465","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272748,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-012-9805-1"}],"volume":"114","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5ee4b0687ba0506b76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noe, Gregory B.","contributorId":77805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lockaby, B. Graeme","contributorId":28510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockaby","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Graeme","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conner, William H.","contributorId":79376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":478820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046045,"text":"70046045 - 2013 - A USANS/SANS study of the accessibility of pores in the Barnett Shale to methane and water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T12:55:44","indexId":"70046045","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1506,"text":"Energy & Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A USANS/SANS study of the accessibility of pores in the Barnett Shale to methane and water","docAbstract":"Shale is an increasingly important source of natural gas in the United States. The gas is held in fine pores that need to be accessed by horizontal drilling and hydrofracturing techniques. Understanding the nature of the pores may provide clues to making gas extraction more efficient. We have investigated two Mississippian Barnett Shale samples, combining small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and ultrasmall-angle neutron scattering (USANS) to determine the pore size distribution of the shale over the size range 10 nm to 10 μm. By adding deuterated methane (CD<sub>4</sub>) and, separately, deuterated water (D<sub>2</sub>O) to the shale, we have identified the fraction of pores that are accessible to these compounds over this size range. The total pore size distribution is essentially identical for the two samples. At pore sizes >250 nm, >85% of the pores in both samples are accessible to both CD<sub>4</sub> and D<sub>2</sub>O. However, differences in accessibility to CD<sub>4</sub> are observed in the smaller pore sizes (~25 nm). In one sample, CD<sub>4</sub> penetrated the smallest pores as effectively as it did the larger ones. In the other sample, less than 70% of the smallest pores (<25 nm) were accessible to CD<sub>4</sub>, but they were still largely penetrable by water, suggesting that small-scale heterogeneities in methane accessibility occur in the shale samples even though the total porosity does not differ. An additional study investigating the dependence of scattered intensity with pressure of CD<sub>4</sub> allows for an accurate estimation of the pressure at which the scattered intensity is at a minimum. This study provides information about the composition of the material immediately surrounding the pores. Most of the accessible (open) pores in the 25 nm size range can be associated with either mineral matter or high reflectance organic material. However, a complementary scanning electron microscopy investigation shows that most of the pores in these shale samples are contained in the organic components. The neutron scattering results indicate that the pores are not equally proportioned in the different constituents within the shale. There is some indication from the SANS results that the composition of the pore-containing material varies with pore size; the pore size distribution associated with mineral matter is different from that associated with organic phases.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Energy & Fuels","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ef301859s","usgsCitation":"Ruppert, L.F., Sakurovs, R., Blach, T.P., He, L., Melnichenko, Y., Mildner, D.F., and Alcantar-Lopez, L., 2013, A USANS/SANS study of the accessibility of pores in the Barnett Shale to methane and water: Energy & Fuels, v. 27, no. 2, p. 772-779, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef301859s.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"772","endPage":"779","ipdsId":"IP-042255","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272750,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef301859s"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Barnett Shale","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.65,25.84 ], [ -106.65,36.5 ], [ -93.51,36.5 ], [ -93.51,25.84 ], [ -106.65,25.84 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c52e4b0687ba0506b46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruppert, Leslie F. 0000-0002-7453-1061 lruppert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-1061","contributorId":660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Leslie","email":"lruppert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sakurovs, Richard","contributorId":68633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sakurovs","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blach, Tomasz P.","contributorId":99866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blach","given":"Tomasz","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"He, Lilin","contributorId":107594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"Lilin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melnichenko, Yuri B.","contributorId":98202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melnichenko","given":"Yuri B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mildner, David F.","contributorId":65747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mildner","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alcantar-Lopez, Leo","contributorId":8361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alcantar-Lopez","given":"Leo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70046080,"text":"ofr20131114 - 2013 - Nahcolite and halite deposition through time during the saline mineral phase of Eocene Lake Uinta, Piceance Basin, western Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T14:05:09","indexId":"ofr20131114","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1114","title":"Nahcolite and halite deposition through time during the saline mineral phase of Eocene Lake Uinta, Piceance Basin, western Colorado","docAbstract":"Halite and the sodium bicarbonate mineral nahcolite were deposited during the saline phase of Eocene Lake Uinta in the Piceance Basin, western Colorado. Variations in the area of saline mineral deposition through time were interpreted from studies of core and outcrop. Saline minerals were extensively leached by groundwater, so the original extent of saline deposition was estimated from the distribution of empty vugs and collapse breccias. Vugs and breccias strongly influence groundwater movement, so determining where leaching has occurred is an important consideration for in-situ oil shale extraction methods currently being developed.\n\nLake Uinta formed when two smaller fresh water lakes, one in the Uinta Basin of eastern Utah and the other in the Piceance Basin of western Colorado, expanded and coalesced across the Douglas Creek arch, an area of comparatively low subsidence rates. Salinity increased shortly after this expansion, but saline mineral deposition did not begin until later, after a period of prolonged infilling created broad lake-margin shelves and a comparatively small deep central lake area. These shelves probably played a critical role in brine evolution. A progression from disseminated nahcolite and nahcolite aggregates to bedded nahcolite and ultimately to bedded nahcolite and halite was deposited in this deep lake area during the early stages of saline deposition along with rich oil shale that commonly shows signs of slumping and lateral transport. The area of saline mineral and rich oil shale deposition subsequently expanded, in part due to infilling of the compact deep area, and in part because of an increase in water flow into Lake Uinta, possibly due to outflow from Lake Gosiute to the north. Finally, as Lake Uinta in the Piceance Basin was progressively filled from north to south by volcano-clastic sediment, the saline depocenter was pushed progressively southward, eventually covering much of the areas that had previously been marginal shelves. A saline depocenter formed in the eastern Uinta Basin during this progradation, and saline minerals were deposited in both basins for a time. Ultimately, the saline depocenter in the Piceance Basin was completely filled in and saline mineral deposition shifted entirely into the Uinta Basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131114","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., and Brownfield, M.E., 2013, Nahcolite and halite deposition through time during the saline mineral phase of Eocene Lake Uinta, Piceance Basin, western Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1114, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131114.","productDescription":"71 p.","numberOfPages":"73","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272754,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131114.png"},{"id":272752,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1114/"},{"id":272753,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1114/OF13-1114_508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Lake Uinta;Piceance Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519f2c5ce4b0687ba0506b62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}