The roseate spoonbill is a long-legged wading bird with a height of approximately 80 cm (31.5 inches), a wingspan of 1.3 m (4.3 ft), and a weight of 1.6 kg (3.5 Ib }. The bill is narrower near the base (2-3 em, 0.8-1.2 inches) than at the flattened tip (5 cm, 2 inches) and is 15-18 cm (5.9-7.1 inches) in length.
Roseate spoonbills occur and nest in peninsular Florida, coastal Louisiana, and Texas, south through the West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America to Argentina and Chile. Marine, brackish, and freshwater habitats are utilized, but brackish areas are favored (Blacklock et al. 1978). In the late 1970·s there were 2,500 pairs nesting along the Texas coast (Texas Colonial Waterbird Society 1982), 1,300 pairs in southwestern Louisiana (Portnoy 1977), and 1,400 pairs in Florida (Robertson et al. 1983). These birds are resident year round in Florida, Louisiana, and Texas, but fewer bi rds are present duri ng the nonbreedi ng season than in the breeding season. Some individuals move northward after nesting and have been reported in Georgia, Nebraska, Pennsylvania, Utah, and Wisconsin, but most spoonbills move south when they leave the breeding area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Lewis, J., 1983, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Roseate spoonbill: FWS/OBS 82/10.50, vi, 16 p.","productDescription":"vi, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64977c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, James C.","contributorId":88799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"James C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":56651,"text":"fwsobs82_10_58 - 1983 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Alewife and blueback herring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:25:41.078632","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_58","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.58","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Alewife and blueback herring","docAbstract":"Alewives and blueback herring are anadromous clupeids found along the Atlantic coast in marine, estuarine, and riverine habitats, depending upon life stage. Both are important commercial species, used fresh or salted for human consumption, and used as crab bait, fish meal (particularly in animal food manufacturing), and fish oil. Alewife and blueback herring are marketed collectively as 'river herring,' a term that will be used for both species in this report. River herring play important ecological roles. In marine, estuarine, and riverine food webs, they occupy a level between zooplankton, their principal food, and piscivores.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Pardue, G.B., 1983, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Alewife and blueback herring: FWS/OBS 82/10.58, vi, 22 p.","productDescription":"vi, 22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649e1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pardue, Garland B.","contributorId":53014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pardue","given":"Garland","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17347,"text":"ofr83902 - 1983 - Mineral deposit grade-tonnage models II","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T18:05:22","indexId":"ofr83902","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-902","title":"Mineral deposit grade-tonnage models II","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr83902","usgsCitation":"Mosier, D., 1983, Mineral deposit grade-tonnage models II: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-902, 103 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83902.","productDescription":"103 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0902/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46480,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0902/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6358c5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":749533,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Mosier, D.L.","contributorId":21965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosier","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70164482,"text":"70164482 - 1983 - The fallout rate of PB-210 on the western coast of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T10:36:11","indexId":"70164482","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The fallout rate of PB-210 on the western coast of the United States","docAbstract":"The deposition rate of atmospheric Pb-210 has been measured during a one year period using plastic funnels as collectors. Observed rates were 0.15 dpm cm−2 yr−1 at a site in Palo Alto, California and 0.21 dpm cm−2 yr−1 at a site in Los Angeles. The Palo Alto value agrees well with a long-term average of 0.14 dpm cm−2 yr−1, obtained from a nearby salt marsh core. These rates are only one-third of those previously estimated using global models for Pb-210 fallout and indicate the need to consider both longitude and precipitation as factors controlling fallout rates. More than 75% of the Pb-210 fallout occurs as wet deposition at the Los Angles site.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/GL010i012p01164","usgsCitation":"Fuller, C., and Hammond, D.E., 1983, The fallout rate of PB-210 on the western coast of the United States: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 10, no. 12, p. 1164-1167, https://doi.org/10.1029/GL010i012p01164.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1164","endPage":"1167","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b9ca98e4b08d617f63a882","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Christopher","contributorId":56982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, Douglas E.","contributorId":67878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70206843,"text":"70206843 - 1983 - Evidence for two pulses of glaciation during the late Proterozoic in northern Utah and southeastern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-06T17:54:16.876959","indexId":"70206843","displayToPublicDate":"1983-12-31T08:02:05","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for two pulses of glaciation during the late Proterozoic in northern Utah and southeastern Idaho","docAbstract":"A record of glaciation during late Proterozoic time is preserved in a number of localities extending from the Sheeprock Mountains, Utah, to Pocatello, Idaho, and from the Park City area 40 km east of Salt Lake City to the Deep Creek Range along the Utah-Nevada line. Over much of this area, the glacial deposits and associated rocks thicken westward and form the basal part of a miogeoclinal wedge that accumulated near the late Proterozoic and early Paleozoic continental margin. In the east, such deposits are thin and rest on Archean basement or rocks of Proterozoic Y age; in the west, they are part of thicker sequences in which deposition apparently continued without significant interruption from late Proterozoic into Cambrian time. In many places, the original continuity between the western and eastern parts of the depositional wedge has been obscured by thrusting of Cretaceous and early Tertiary age that carried the thick basinal sequences eastward over those deposited on the continental platform. Recent mapping of Fremont Island in Great Salt Lake, the Wasatch Range between Ogden and Brigham City, and the Sheeprock Mountains shows that glacial episodes represented either by diamictite or by dropstones enclosed in finegrained laminated beds are separated by as much as 1,000 m of non-glacial deposits, including black slate, alternating graywacke and siltstone, quartzite, and conglomerate. Using reasonable sedimentation rates for such deposits and by comparison with modern analogues, we infer that two episodes of glaciation, each probably consisting of multiple advances and retreats, were separated by a non-glacial interval of a few hundred thousand to a few million years' duration. Correlation of the allochthonous, miogeoclinal glacial deposits with the single glacial unit present in autochthonous and parautochthonous platform sites is uncertain, but our interpretation of sedimentary facies and paleogeography suggests that only the younger of the two episodes recorded in the allochthon is represented by the diamictites of the autochthon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1983)94<437:EFTPOG>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Crittenden, M.D., Christie-Blick, N., and Link, P.K., 1983, Evidence for two pulses of glaciation during the late Proterozoic in northern Utah and southeastern Idaho: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 94, no. 4, p. 437-450, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1983)94<437:EFTPOG>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"437","endPage":"450","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480220,"rank":3,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d8q24982","text":"External Repository"},{"id":369526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410110,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article/94/4/437/202851/Evidence-for-two-pulses-of-glaciation-during-the","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.1806640625,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -110.0830078125,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -110.0830078125,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -115.1806640625,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -115.1806640625,\n 39.90973623453719\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"94","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crittenden, M. D. Jr.","contributorId":43421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crittenden","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christie-Blick, N","contributorId":220862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christie-Blick","given":"N","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Link, Paul K.","contributorId":271204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Link","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":38154,"text":"Idaho State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157374,"text":"70157374 - 1983 - An interpretation of gravity and aeromagnetic surveys of the Greater Jiddah area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-29T22:47:33.492427","indexId":"70157374","displayToPublicDate":"1983-12-30T19:30:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"An interpretation of gravity and aeromagnetic surveys of the Greater Jiddah area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"A gravity survey of the Jiddah area between lat 21°23' and 21°48' N., long 39°03' and 39°20' E., carried out in early 1977, covers an area of 744 km2 and includes 215 stations, at an average spacing of 1.9 km. The resulting simple Bouguer gravity anomaly map shows a series of four large (7-15 mgal) gravity anomaly highs along a north-trending gravity gradient located immediately west of outcrops of Precambrian rocks. The regional Bouguer gravity anomaly field of the map area decreases eastward at an approximately constant rate of about 1.1 mgal-km-1. Several anomalies suggest northeast-trending, right-lateral strike-slip faulting throughout the area.
Interpretation of the Bouguer gravity anomaly map, combined with geologic, aeromagnetic, and paleomagnetic data, leads to an interpretive model in which the gravity gradient marks the boundary zone between Precambrian continental crust to the east and oceanic sea-floor crust overlain by marine sedimentary rocks to the west. The strike-slip faults in the area are probably the landward extension of offshore Red Sea transform faults, and, because they penetrate and offset continental crust, their study may yield useful information about the mechanism of transform faulting. The gravity anomaly highs are interpreted to result from shallow intrusive bodies, probably gabbroic in composition, that are buried a few hundred meters below the surface and that are approximately 2 km thick.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Saudi Arabian Mission","publisherLocation":"Jiddah, Saudi Arabia","usgsCitation":"Gettings, M.E., and Andreasen, G., 1983, An interpretation of gravity and aeromagnetic surveys of the Greater Jiddah area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Report: iv, 37 p.; 3 Plates: 37.52 x 43.15 inches or smaller.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 37 p.; 3 Plates: 37.52 x 43.15 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":308359,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70157374/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":360857,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70157374/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":360856,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70157374/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":360858,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70157374/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":360859,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70157374/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 39.2,\n 20.5\n ],\n [\n 38.7,\n 23\n ],\n [\n 41,\n 23\n ],\n [\n 41,\n 20.5\n ],\n [\n 39.2,\n 20.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"SA(IR) 528, Open-File Report USGS-OF-03-31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56027bafe4b03bc34f5447e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gettings, Mark E. 0000-0002-2910-2321 mgetting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2910-2321","contributorId":602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettings","given":"Mark","email":"mgetting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andreasen, Gordon E.","contributorId":94272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreasen","given":"Gordon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011350,"text":"70011350 - 1983 - Plutonium speciation in water from Mono Lake, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-25T15:22:04.609349","indexId":"70011350","displayToPublicDate":"1983-12-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plutonium speciation in water from Mono Lake, California","docAbstract":"The solubility of plutonium in Mono Lake water is enhanced by the presence of large concentrations of indigenous carbonate ions and moderate concentrations of fluoride ions. In spite of the complex chemical composition of this water, only a few ions govern the behavior of plutonium, as demonstrated by the fact that it was possible to duplicate plutonium speciation in a synthetic water containing only the principal components of Mono Lake water.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.222.4630.1323","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Cleveland, J., Rees, T., and Nash, K., 1983, Plutonium speciation in water from Mono Lake, California: Science, v. 222, no. 4630, p. 1323-1325, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.222.4630.1323.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1323","endPage":"1325","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220973,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mono Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.23547883490315,\n 38.11956391803898\n ],\n [\n -119.23547883490315,\n 37.894106221864334\n ],\n [\n -118.82146949863339,\n 37.894106221864334\n ],\n [\n -118.82146949863339,\n 38.11956391803898\n ],\n [\n -119.23547883490315,\n 38.11956391803898\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"222","issue":"4630","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c9de4b0c8380cd79aa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cleveland, J.M.","contributorId":66734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rees, T.F.","contributorId":26068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nash, K.L.","contributorId":27191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207108,"text":"70207108 - 1983 - A dislocation model of strain accumulation and release at a subduction zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-01T12:19:07.642338","indexId":"70207108","displayToPublicDate":"1983-12-06T12:02:29","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A dislocation model of strain accumulation and release at a subduction zone","docAbstract":"Strain accumulation and release at a subduction zone are attributed to stick slip on the main thrust zone and steady aseismic slip on the remainder of the plate interface. This process can be described as a superposition of steady state subduction and a repetitive cycle of slip on the main thrust zone, consisting of steady normal slip at the plate convergence rate plus occasional thrust events that recover the accumulated normal slip. Because steady state subduction does not contribute to the deformation at the free surface, deformation observed there is completely equivalent to that produced by the slip cycle alone. The response to that slip is simply the response of a particular earth model to embedded dislocations. For a purely elastic earth model, the deformation cycle consists of a coseismic offset followed by a linear‐in‐time recovery to the initial value during the interval between earthquakes. For an elastic‐viscoelastic earth model (elastic lithosphere over a viscoelastic asthenosphere), the postearthquake recovery is not linear in time. Records of local uplift as a function of time indicate that the long‐term postseismic recovery is approximately linear, suggesting that elastic earth models are adequate to describe the deformation cycle. However, the deformation predicted for a simple elastic half‐space earth model does not reproduce the deformation observed along the subduction zones in Japan at all well if stick slip is restricted to the main thrust zone. As recognized earlier by Shimazaki, Seno, and Kato, the uplift profiles could be explained if stick slip were postulated to extend along the plate interface beyond the main thrust zone to a depth of perhaps 100 km, but independent evidence suggests that stick slip at such depths is unlikely.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB088iB06p04984","usgsCitation":"Savage, J.C., 1983, A dislocation model of strain accumulation and release at a subduction zone: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 88, no. B6, p. 4984-4996, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB088iB06p04984.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"4984","endPage":"4996","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370041,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"B6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70120434,"text":"70120434 - 1983 - Results of an adaptive environmental assessment modeling workshop concerning potential impacts of drilling muds and cuttings on the marine environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T13:06:41","indexId":"70120434","displayToPublicDate":"1983-09-01T13:06:02","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"NTIS PB-83-114165","title":"Results of an adaptive environmental assessment modeling workshop concerning potential impacts of drilling muds and cuttings on the marine environment","docAbstract":"Drilling fluids or \"muds\" are essential components of modern drilling operations. They provide integrity for the well bore, a medium for removal of formation cuttings, and lubrication and cooling of the drill bit and pipe. The modeling workshop described in this report was conducted September 14-18, 1981 in Gulf Breeze, Florida to consider potential impacts of discharged drilling muds and cuttings on the marine environment. The broad goals of the workshop were synthesis of information on fate and effects, identification of general relationships between drilling fluids and the marine environment, and identification of site-specific variables likely to determine impacts of drilling muds and cuttings in various marine sites.
\nThe workshop was structured around construction of a model simulating fate and effects of discharges from a single rig into open water areas of the Gulf of Mexico, and discussion of factors that might produce different fate and effects in enclosed areas such as bays and estuaries. The simulation model was composed of four connected submodels. A Discharge/Fate submodel dealt with the discharge characteristics of the rig and the subsequent fate of discharged material. Three effects submodels then calculated biological responses at distances away from the rig for the water column, soft bottom benthos (assuming the rig was located over a soft bottom environment), and hard bottom benthos (assuming the rig was located over a hard bottom environment). The model focused on direct linkages between the discharge and various organisms rather than on how the marine ecosystem itself is interconnected.
\nBehavior of the simulation model indicated relatively localized effects of drilling muds and cuttings discharged from a single platform into open water areas. Water column fate and effects were dominated by rapid dilution. Effects from deposition of spent mud and cuttings were spatially limited with relatively rapid recovery, especially in soft bottom benthic communities which were conceptualized as being adapted to frequent storms. This behavior was generated by the set of assumptions about linkages and functional relationships used to construct the model. Areas of uncertainty included methods for extrapolating 96-hr LC50 so results to exposures of varying lengths and concentrations; recovery rates of benthic communities; responses to various depths and rates of burial; fate and effects of the plume in relationship to stratification layers; and long-term and sub-lethal effects of slightly elevated concentrations of discharged materials. Evaluation of the assumptions of the Soft Bottom Submodel suggest that the assumptions used may have been relatively liberal estimates of resiliency of these communities.
\nDiscussion of \"closed\" water bodies such as bays and estuaries indicated several reasons to expect different and more complex fate and effects behavior in these areas. These factors included different species and communities (such as aquatic macrophytes and oyster beds), more complex circulation and stratification patterns, and potentially more active resuspension processes. Much of the possible difference in behavior in these areas centers around the extent to which they are “closed” or in the relative residence times of water and sediments in these areas as they determine the long-term dispersion of discharged material. Despite the complexity and variability of these areas, a large body of knowledge (such as that concerning fate and physical effects of dredge spoil) that could be effectively employed in analysis of potential fate and physical effects in enclosed areas was identified.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Technical Information Service","publisherLocation":"Springfield, VA","usgsCitation":"Auble, G.T., Andrews, A.K., Ellison, R.A., Hamilton, D.B., Johnson, R.A., Roelle, J.E., and Marmorek, D.R., 1983, Results of an adaptive environmental assessment modeling workshop concerning potential impacts of drilling muds and cuttings on the marine environment, 30 p.","productDescription":"30 p.","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd4fe4b0f61b386d2457","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Auble, Gregor T. 0000-0002-0843-2751 aubleg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-2751","contributorId":2187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"Gregor","email":"aubleg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, Austin K.","contributorId":85516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Austin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellison, Richard A.","contributorId":19087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamilton, David B. hamiltond@usgs.gov","contributorId":193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"David","email":"hamiltond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":498198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Richard A.","contributorId":81420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roelle, James E. roelleb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"James","email":"roelleb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Marmorek, David R.","contributorId":108415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marmorek","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70207804,"text":"70207804 - 1983 - Opening of the Red Sea: Constraints from a palaeomagnetic study of the As Sarat volcanic field, south‐western Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-09T17:15:00.689351","indexId":"70207804","displayToPublicDate":"1983-09-01T11:44:45","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1804,"text":"Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Opening of the Red Sea: Constraints from a palaeomagnetic study of the As Sarat volcanic field, south‐western Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"Four stratigraphic sections through alkali basalt flows of Oligocene to Miocene age (29‐24 Ma) in the As Sarat volcanic field, south‐western Saudi Arabia, were sampled for palaeomagnetic study. After systematic alternating‐field demagnetization, 42 magnetically acceptable flows (139 samples) yield a mean direction of magnetization of =355.3°, =15.2° (α=4.3°), which defines a palaeomagnetic pole at 78.8°N, 247.8°E. Of these acceptable flows, 24 are normally, and 18 reversely, magnetized. Part of one section was apparently erupted during the early phases of a polarity reversal of the Earth's field. The mean direction derived from the 24 normally magnetized flows is significantly different (after inverting 180°) from that derived from the 18 reversed flows, supporting the hypothesis of a displaced dipole source for the Earth's field in late Oligocene to early Miocene time. A comparison of the results from As Sarat with palaeomagnetic results from upper Tertiary rocks in Africa indicates that the Red Sea has opened 12° (estimated ±8° at the 95 per cent confidence level). These results indicate that most of the counter‐clockwise rotation of Arabia relative to Africa occurred since the eruption of the As Sarat volcanics, in disagreement with proposed models for main‐stage Red Sea spreading from late Eocene to early Oligocene time. The palaeomagnetic results also indicate that the Arabian Peninsula was more equatorial in late Oligocene to early Miocene time than it is now, by an amount compatible with the opening of the Gulf of Aden
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, K.S., and Reynolds, R.L., 1983, Opening of the Red Sea: Constraints from a palaeomagnetic study of the As Sarat volcanic field, south‐western Saudi Arabia: Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, v. 74, no. 3, p. 649-665.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"649","endPage":"665","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499681,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://academic.oup.com/gji/article/74/3/649/577855","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":371216,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","otherGeospatial":"As Sarat volcanic field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 42.9345703125,\n 17.5602465032949\n ],\n [\n 45.703125,\n 17.5602465032949\n ],\n [\n 45.703125,\n 19.145168196205297\n ],\n [\n 42.9345703125,\n 19.145168196205297\n ],\n [\n 42.9345703125,\n 17.5602465032949\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"74","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Karl S. 0000-0002-6536-9066 kkellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6536-9066","contributorId":1206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Karl","email":"kkellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, R. L. 0000-0002-4572-2942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":79885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70204617,"text":"70204617 - 1983 - Seedling establishment on a landslide site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-06T12:22:26","indexId":"70204617","displayToPublicDate":"1983-08-06T12:02:24","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1195,"text":"Castanea","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seedling establishment on a landslide site","docAbstract":"Two landslide scars (slide tracks) were plot sampled one and two years after landsliding to determine plant species involved in ecesis. The study site is located in a blockfield cove on Massanutten Mountain, northern Virginia. Old growth forest, adjacent to the slide tracks, is composed primarily of hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and sweet birch (Betula lenta). These species are the first and foremost colonizers on the slide tracks. Dendrochronological analysis shows that landsliding is frequent at the study site and this disturbance may impart non-equilibrium conditions on the forest. Seed bed characteristics, light availability, and mode of dispersal may be important factors in plant ecesis on slide tracks
","language":"English","publisher":"Southern Appalachian Botanical Society","usgsCitation":"Hupp, C.R., 1983, Seedling establishment on a landslide site: Castanea, v. 48, no. 2, p. 89-98.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"98","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366309,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":366302,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4033072"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":" Massanutten Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.79394531249999,\n 38.35027253825765\n ],\n [\n -78.5302734375,\n 38.35027253825765\n ],\n [\n -78.5302734375,\n 38.62545397209084\n ],\n [\n -78.79394531249999,\n 38.62545397209084\n ],\n [\n -78.79394531249999,\n 38.35027253825765\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011263,"text":"70011263 - 1983 - Ages estimated from a diffusion equation model for scarp degradation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-08T17:05:12.359958","indexId":"70011263","displayToPublicDate":"1983-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ages estimated from a diffusion equation model for scarp degradation","docAbstract":"The diffusion equation derived from the continuity equation for hillslopes is applied to scarp erosion in unconsolidated materials. Solutions to this equation allow direct calculation of the product of the rate coefficient and the age of the scarp from measurements of scarp morphology. Where the rate coefficient can be estimated or can be derived from scarps of known age, this method allows direct calculation of unknown ages of scarps.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.221.4607.263","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Colman, S.M., and Watson, K., 1983, Ages estimated from a diffusion equation model for scarp degradation: Science, v. 221, no. 4607, p. 263-265, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.221.4607.263.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"265","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220761,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"221","issue":"4607","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e903e4b0c8380cd48039","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":360692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watson, Ken","contributorId":90317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011628,"text":"70011628 - 1983 - Effective record length for the T-year event","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-11T17:01:03.570727","indexId":"70011628","displayToPublicDate":"1983-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effective record length for the T-year event","docAbstract":"The effect of serial dependence on the reliability of an estimate of the T-yr. event is of importance in hydrology because design decisions are based upon the estimate. In this paper the reliability of estimates of the T-yr. event from two common distributions is given as a function of number of observations and lag-one serial correlation coefficient for T = 2, 10, 20, 50, and 100 yr. A lag-one autoregressive model is assumed with either a normal or Pearson Type-III disturbance term. Results indicate that, if observations are serially correlated, the effective record length should be used to estimate the discharge associated with the expected exceedance probability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(83)90059-8","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Tasker, G.D., 1983, Effective record length for the T-year event: Journal of Hydrology, v. 64, no. 1-4, p. 39-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(83)90059-8.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"47","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221125,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0634e4b0c8380cd51156","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tasker, Gary D.","contributorId":83097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tasker","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011208,"text":"70011208 - 1983 - Early Tertiary age of pitchstone in the northern Black Hills, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-09T16:43:31.599618","indexId":"70011208","displayToPublicDate":"1983-06-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early Tertiary age of pitchstone in the northern Black Hills, South Dakota","docAbstract":"A block of pitchstone in the northern Black Hills, South Dakota, is Paleocene in age, according to potassium-argon dating of biotite and fission-track dating of zircon in the sample. These data invalidate published suggestions that the age is much younger. The pitchstone is not extrusive in its present position but instead is in a volcanic pipe with other fragments that came downward from as much as 1100 meters above the modern surface.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.220.4602.1153","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Redden, J., Obradovich, J.D., Naeser, C.W., Zartman, R., and Norton, J., 1983, Early Tertiary age of pitchstone in the northern Black Hills, South Dakota: Science, v. 220, no. 4602, p. 1153-1154, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.220.4602.1153.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1153","endPage":"1154","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221739,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"northern Black 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Dakota\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"220","issue":"4602","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0491e4b0c8380cd50a6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Redden, J. A.","contributorId":62215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redden","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Obradovich, J. D.","contributorId":48966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obradovich","given":"J.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naeser, C. W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zartman, R. E.","contributorId":15632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Norton, J.J.","contributorId":25573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norton","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70011430,"text":"70011430 - 1983 - Solubility of crude oil in methane as a function of pressure and temperature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-19T15:38:03.132946","indexId":"70011430","displayToPublicDate":"1983-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solubility of crude oil in methane as a function of pressure and temperature","docAbstract":"The solubility of a 44° API (0.806 sp. gr.) whole crude oil has been measured in methane with water present at temperatures of 50 to 250°C and pressures of 740 to 14,852 psi, as have the solubilities of two high molecular weight petroleum distillation fractions at temperatures of 50 to 250°C and pressures of 4482 to 25,266 psi. Both increases in pressure and temperature increase the solubility of crude oil and petroleum distillation fractions in methane, the effect of pressure being greater than that of temperature. Unexpectedly high solubility levels (0.5–1.5 grams of oil per liter of methane—at laboratory temperature and pressure) were measured at moderate conditions (50–200°C and 5076–14504 psi). Similar results were found for the petroleum distillation fractions, one of which was the highest molecular weight material of petroleum (material boiling above 266°C at 6 microns pressure). Unexpectedly mild conditions (100°C and 15,200 psi; 200°C and 7513 psi) resulted in cosolubility of crude oil and methane. Under these conditions, samples of the gas-rich phase gave solubility values of 4 to 5 g/l, or greater.
Qualitative analyses of the crude-oil solute samples showed that at low pressure and temperature equilibration conditions, the solute condensate would be enriched in C5–C15 range hydrocarbons and in saturated hydrocarbons in the C15+ fraction. With increases in temperature and especially pressure, these tendencies were reversed, and the solute condensate became identical to the starting crude oil.
The data of this study, compared to that of previous studies, shows that methane, with water present, has a much greater carrying capacity for crude oil than in dry systems. The presence of water also drastically lowers the temperature and pressure conditions required for cosolubility.
The data of this and/or previous studies demonstrate that the addition of carbon dioxide, ethane, propane, or butane to methane also has a strong positive effect on crude oil solubility, as does the presence of fine grained rocks.
The n-paraffin distributions (as well as the overall composition) of the solute condensates are controlled by the temperature and pressure of solution and exsolution, as well as by the composition of the original starting material. It appears quite possible that primary migration by gaseous solution could ‘strip’ a source rock of crude-oil like components leaving behind a bitumen totally unlike the migrated crude oil. The data of this study demonstrate previous criticisms of primary petroleum migration by gas solution are invalid; that primary migration by gaseous solution cannot occur because methane cannot dissolve sufficient volumes of crude oil or cannot dissolve the highest molecular weight components of petroleum (tars and asphaltenes).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0146-6380(83)90042-6","usgsCitation":"Price, L.C., Wenger, L., Ging, T., and Blount, C., 1983, Solubility of crude oil in methane as a function of pressure and temperature: Organic Geochemistry, v. 4, no. 3-4, p. 201-221, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(83)90042-6.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"221","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221171,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Nebraska, 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\"}}]}","volume":"4","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9244e4b08c986b319dd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Leigh C.","contributorId":39379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Leigh","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wenger, L.M.","contributorId":46216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenger","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ging, T.","contributorId":88483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ging","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blount, C.W.","contributorId":63944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blount","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70210234,"text":"70210234 - 1983 - Deep structure of northern Mississippi embayment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-22T12:42:35.412535","indexId":"70210234","displayToPublicDate":"1983-05-22T07:30:19","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":605,"text":"AAPG Bulletin","printIssn":"0149-1423","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep structure of northern Mississippi embayment","docAbstract":"In September 1980, the U. S. Geological Survey conducted a seismic refraction investigation of the northern Mississippi Embayment. During the investigation, 34 shots from nine shotpoints were recorded along a series of profiles. The profiles were parallel to and across an inferred Precambrian rift zone which is outlined by a series of magnetic anomalies and covers an area at least 200 km (125 mi) long and 70 km (45 mi) wide. The paper presents an interpretation of the survey results. The tectonic model proposed to explain the origin of the embayment velocity structure includes a late Precambrian mantle plume that intruded the lower crust of the northern embayment, causing uplift (and/or crustal stretching) and subsequent rifting of the axial area. This was followed by erosion, subsidence, and subsequent deposition of sediments in the resulting trough.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAPG","doi":"10.1306/AD4608BE-16F7-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Ginzburg, A., Mooney, W.D., Walter, A., Lutter, W.J., and Healy, J.H., 1983, Deep structure of northern Mississippi embayment: AAPG Bulletin, v. 67, no. 11, p. 2031-2046, https://doi.org/10.1306/AD4608BE-16F7-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2031","endPage":"2046","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Northern Mississippi embayment","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.92236328125,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -88.43994140625,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -88.43994140625,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -92.92236328125,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -92.92236328125,\n 37.055177106660814\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ginzburg, A.","contributorId":78472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginzburg","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walter, A.W.","contributorId":75554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lutter, W. J.","contributorId":90361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutter","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Healy, J. H.","contributorId":48968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70210050,"text":"70210050 - 1983 - Distribution and origin of sulfur in Colorado oil shale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-12T17:08:31.859007","indexId":"70210050","displayToPublicDate":"1983-05-12T11:50:41","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Distribution and origin of sulfur in Colorado oil shale","docAbstract":"The sulfur content of 1,225 samples of Green River oil shale from two core holes in the Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado, ranges from nearly 0 to 4.9 weight percent. In one core hole, the average sulfur content of a sequence of oil shale 555 m thick, which represents nearly the maximum thickness of oil shale in the basin, is 0.76 weight percent. The vertical distribution of sulfur through the oil shale is cyclic. As many as 25 sulfur cycles have lateral continuity and can be traced between the core holes. Most of the sulfur resides in iron sulfides (pyrite, marcasite, and minor? pyrrhotite), and small amounts are organically bound in kerogen. In general, the concentration of sulfur correlates moderately with shale-oil yield, but the degree of association ranges from quite high in the upper 90 m of the oil -shale sequence to low or none in the leached zone and in illitic oil shale in the lower part of the sequence. Sulfur also correlates moderately with iron in the carbonate oil -shale sequence, but no correlation was found in the illitic samples. Sulfide mineralization is believed to have occurred during early and late stages of diagenesis, and after lithification, during development of the leached zone. Significant amounts of iron found in ankeritic dolomite and in illite probably account for the lack of a strong correlation between sulfur and iron.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oil Shale Symposium Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"16th oil shale symposium proceedings ","conferenceDate":"April 13-15, 1983","conferenceLocation":"Golden, Colorado","language":"English","publisher":"Colorado School of Mines","usgsCitation":"Dyni, J.R., 1983, Distribution and origin of sulfur in Colorado oil shale, in Oil Shale Symposium Proceedings, Golden, Colorado, April 13-15, 1983, p. 144-159.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"144","endPage":"159","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Piceance Creek Basin ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.8690185546875,\n 40.03182061333687\n ],\n [\n -107.60009765625,\n 40.03182061333687\n ],\n [\n -107.60009765625,\n 40.643135583312805\n ],\n [\n -108.8690185546875,\n 40.643135583312805\n ],\n [\n -108.8690185546875,\n 40.03182061333687\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyni, John R. jdyni@usgs.gov","contributorId":756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyni","given":"John","email":"jdyni@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":788922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70231352,"text":"70231352 - 1983 - Digital spatial data handling techniques applied to the development of quantitative geologic models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-06T16:50:42.662409","indexId":"70231352","displayToPublicDate":"1983-05-01T11:43:30","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Digital spatial data handling techniques applied to the development of quantitative geologic models","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"17th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment","conferenceDate":"May 9-13, 1983","conferenceLocation":"Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States","language":"English","publisher":"University of Michigan","usgsCitation":"Walker, K., 1983, Digital spatial data handling techniques applied to the development of quantitative geologic models, in Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 2, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, May 9-13, 1983, p. 827-838.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"827","endPage":"838","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400295,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://symposia.org/past_symposia.htm"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, K.-M.","contributorId":87957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"K.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70209773,"text":"70209773 - 1983 - Magnetic models of crystalline terrane; accounting for the effect of topography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-24T19:58:32.497566","indexId":"70209773","displayToPublicDate":"1983-04-24T14:52:54","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnetic models of crystalline terrane; accounting for the effect of topography","docAbstract":"Igneous rocks commonly have large magnetic susceptibilities so that high topographic relief in crystalline terrane can produce significant anomalies in aeromagnetic surveys. Topographic anomalies are particularly significant in relatively undeformed volcanic terrane because young volcanic rocks generally have large natural remanent magnetizations as well as large susceptibilities. These anomalies commonly appear in aeromagnetic surveys as a complex pattern of high-amplitude, short-wavelength magnetic features that tend to obscure anomalies caused by deeper geologic sources. We have facilitated geologic interpretation of an aeromagnetic survey of the Oregon Cascade Range by calculating the magnetic field caused by a three-dimensional (3-D) topographic model. Maps of the calculated field are compared with observed aeromagnetic data both visually and with a numerical technique that produces a contour map of correlation coefficients for the model. These comparisons allow quick recognition of anomalies caused by normally or reversely magnetized topographic features and, more importantly, identification of anomalies caused by geologic features not obviously caused by the topography.
","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1190/1.1441437","usgsCitation":"Blakely, R.J., and Grauch, V.J., 1983, Magnetic models of crystalline terrane; accounting for the effect of topography: Geophysics, v. 48, no. 11, p. 1551-1557, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1441437.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1551","endPage":"1557","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374272,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oergon","otherGeospatial":"Oregon Cascade Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 42.147114459220994\n ],\n [\n -121.17919921875001,\n 42.147114459220994\n ],\n [\n -121.17919921875001,\n 43.11702412135048\n ],\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 43.11702412135048\n ],\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 42.147114459220994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. 0000-0002-0761-3489 tien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":152256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"tien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70120442,"text":"70120442 - 1983 - A draft habitat suitability index (HSI) model for gray partridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T13:59:53","indexId":"70120442","displayToPublicDate":"1983-03-28T13:57:43","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"A draft habitat suitability index (HSI) model for gray partridge","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Gray partridge and ring-necked pheasant workshop","conferenceTitle":"Gray partridge and ring-necked pheasant workshop","conferenceDate":"1983-03-28T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Campbellsport, WI","language":"English","publisher":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","usgsCitation":"Allen, A., and Sousa, P., 1983, A draft habitat suitability index (HSI) model for gray partridge, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292214,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd40e4b0f61b386d2394","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, A.W.","contributorId":78282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sousa, P.J.","contributorId":106809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sousa","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70120412,"text":"70120412 - 1983 - Platte River Forum for the Future: workshop model documentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T11:13:29","indexId":"70120412","displayToPublicDate":"1983-03-01T11:12:11","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Platte River Forum for the Future: workshop model documentation","docAbstract":"The Platte River Forum for the Future (PRFF) is an effort by the Nebraska Natural Resources Commission (NNRC) to bring together representatives of interests and agencies concerned with management of the Platte River and, assisted by various computer technologies, to reach some degree of agreement on the “best uses” of the remaining waters of the Platte. Simulation modeling is being used in this effort as a focal point for developing a common understanding of the behavior of the Platte River system, synthesizing existing information, identifying additional needed information, and analyzing the potential consequences of various management alternatives.
\nThe NNRC initiated the project in August 1982 by convening a workshop for interested parties in Grand Island, Nebraska. This workshop was devoted to construction of a preliminary simulation model describing the Platte River system. A group of facilitators/modelers from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) assisted participants in translating their understanding of the Platte River into the framework of the model. In October 1982, FWS personnel began a process of training several people from Nebraska in the use of the model. At that time, minor revisions and corrections were made in the model and various development scenarios were prepared for discussion with participants at a second workshop, which was held in early November 1982.
\nThe purpose of this report is to document the status of the PRFF simulation model as of the end of the November 1982 meeting. We emphasize that the intent is not to describe a final product. Except for minor revisions and correction of obvious errors, the model described herein is that which existed at the end of the August workshop. The model contains the foundation for a comprehensive aid to decisionmakers, but at this time it is preliminary in nature, needing refinement and verification before it can be truly useful in analyzing management alternatives. The purpose of this report is to provide a solid foundation for that important future work.
\nThe report is divided into three basic parts. The first is a brief overview of the various components of the model and how they fit together. It is intended for those who are not particularly interested in the details of model formulation. The second is a detailed discussion of the logic, assumptions, equations, and data used in constructing the model. This detailed description is also referenced to specific sections of the third part, which is a set of appendices containing listings of the computer code as it presently exists.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Western Energy and Land Use Team","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Western Energy and Land Use Team, 1983, Platte River Forum for the Future: workshop model documentation, 251 p.","productDescription":"251 p.","numberOfPages":"251","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292184,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Platte River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.6762,40.6541 ], [ -100.6762,41.4623 ], [ -95.8807,41.4623 ], [ -95.8807,40.6541 ], [ -100.6762,40.6541 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd4ee4b0f61b386d243d"} ]}