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Water quality data for groundwater has been compiled for the Winnemucca 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle which covers a portion of central Nevada. Chemical characteristics of the water are shown on a map (at a scale of 1:250,000) and on trilinear diagrams for the major ions. The data for the area are also presented in a table. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85648G","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., and Williams, R.P., 1987, Data on ground-water quality for the Winnemucca 1° x 2° quadrangle, central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-648, 2 Plates: 40.17 × 24.11 inches and 33.42 × 24.44 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85648G.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 40.17 × 24.11 inches and 33.42 × 24.44 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82556,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648g/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82555,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648g/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392482,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16877.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Winnemucca 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db6970cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":45806,"text":"ofr85648K - 1987 - Data on ground-water quality for the western Nevada part of the Goldfield 1° x 2° quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:24:59.07798","indexId":"ofr85648K","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-648","chapter":"K","title":"Data on ground-water quality for the western Nevada part of the Goldfield 1° x 2° quadrangle","docAbstract":"

Water quality data for groundwater has been compiled for the Goldfield 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle which covers a portion of western Nevada. Chemical characteristics of the water are shown on a map (at a scale of 1:250,000) and on trilinear diagrams for the major ions. The data for the area are also presented in a table. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85648K","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., and Williams, R.P., 1987, Data on ground-water quality for the western Nevada part of the Goldfield 1° x 2° quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-648, 2 Plates: 39.88 × 25.36 inches and 23.15 × 24.24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85648K.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 39.88 × 25.36 inches and 23.15 × 24.24 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82554,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648k/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82553,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648k/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":391814,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16881.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Goldfield 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696fe1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":45805,"text":"ofr85648M - 1987 - Data on ground-water quality for the western Nevada part of the Death Valley 1° x 2° quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:28:12.465228","indexId":"ofr85648M","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-648","chapter":"M","title":"Data on ground-water quality for the western Nevada part of the Death Valley 1° x 2° quadrangle","docAbstract":"

Water quality data for groundwater has been compiled for the Nevada part of the Death Valley 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle which covers a portion of western Nevada. Chemical characteristics of the water are shown on a map (at a scale of 1:250,000) and on trilinear diagrams for the major ions. The data for the area are also presented in a table. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85648M","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., and Williams, R.P., 1987, Data on ground-water quality for the western Nevada part of the Death Valley 1° x 2° quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-648, 2 Plates: 40.03 × 25.33 inches and 34.64 × 17.49 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85648M.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 40.03 × 25.33 inches and 34.64 × 17.49 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82552,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648m/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82551,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648m/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392481,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16883.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Death Valley 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db66049f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":45804,"text":"ofr85648I - 1987 - Data on ground-water quality for the Walker Lake 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle, western Nevada and eastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-18T11:26:35.373768","indexId":"ofr85648I","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-648","chapter":"I","title":"Data on ground-water quality for the Walker Lake 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle, western Nevada and eastern California","docAbstract":"Water quality data for groundwater has been compiled for the Walker Lake 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle which covers a portion of western Nevada and eastern California. 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(USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85648I","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., and Williams, R.P., 1987, Data on ground-water quality for the Walker Lake 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle, western Nevada and eastern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-648, 2 Plates: 40.08 x 24.08 and 33.67 x 21.49 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85648I.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 40.08 x 24.08 and 33.67 x 21.49 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":82549,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648i/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82550,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648i/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":169279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697607","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":45803,"text":"ofr85648J - 1987 - Data on ground-water quality for the Tonopah 1° x 2° quadrangle, central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:27:50.092582","indexId":"ofr85648J","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-648","chapter":"J","title":"Data on ground-water quality for the Tonopah 1° x 2° quadrangle, central Nevada","docAbstract":"

Water quality data for groundwater has been compiled for the Tonopah 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle which covers a portion of central Nevada. Chemical characteristics of water are shown on a map (at a scale of 1:250,000) and on trilinear diagrams for the major ions. The data for the area are also presented in a table. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85648J","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., and Williams, R.P., 1987, Data on ground-water quality for the Tonopah 1° x 2° quadrangle, central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-648, 2 Plates:, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85648J.","productDescription":"2 Plates:","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82548,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648j/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392480,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16880.htm"},{"id":82547,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648j/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Tonopah 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a30e4b07f02db616835","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":45802,"text":"ofr85648N - 1987 - Data on ground-water quality for the southern Nevada part of the Kingman 1° x 2° quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:27:33.1961","indexId":"ofr85648N","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-648","chapter":"N","title":"Data on ground-water quality for the southern Nevada part of the Kingman 1° x 2° quadrangle","docAbstract":"

Water quality data for groundwater were compiled for the Kingman 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle which covers a portion of southern Nevada. Chemical characteristics of the water are shown on a map (at a scale of 1:250,000) and on trilinear diagrams for the major ions. The data for the area are also presented in a table.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85648N","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., and Williams, R.P., 1987, Data on ground-water quality for the southern Nevada part of the Kingman 1° x 2° quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-648, 2 Plates: 39.75 × 25.94 inches and 34.15 × 23.57 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85648N.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 39.75 × 25.94 inches and 34.15 × 23.57 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":392479,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16884.htm"},{"id":82546,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648n/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82545,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648n/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Kingman 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691e78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":45801,"text":"ofr85648H - 1987 - Data on ground-water quality for the Reno 1° x 2° quadrangle, western Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:27:15.486631","indexId":"ofr85648H","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-648","chapter":"H","title":"Data on ground-water quality for the Reno 1° x 2° quadrangle, western Nevada","docAbstract":"

Water quality data for groundwater has been compiled for the Reno 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle which covers a portion of western Nevada. Chemical characteristics of the water are shown on a map (at a scale of 1:250,000) and on trilinear diagrams for the major ions. The data for the area is also presented in a table. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85648H","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., and Williams, R.P., 1987, Data on ground-water quality for the Reno 1° x 2° quadrangle, western Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-648, 2 Plates: 39.92 × 24.04 inches and 23.92 × 34.31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85648H.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 39.92 × 24.04 inches and 23.92 × 34.31 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82544,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648h/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82543,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648h/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392478,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16878.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Reno 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 39\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db636123","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31062,"text":"wsp2295A - 1987 - Water-quality data-collection activities in Colorado and Ohio; Phase I-inventory and evaluation of 1984 programs and costs","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12355,"text":"ofr85574 - 1985 - Water-quality data-collection activities in Colorado and Ohio; Phase I, Inventory and evaluation of 1984 programs and costs","indexId":"ofr85574","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Water-quality data-collection activities in Colorado and Ohio; Phase I, Inventory and evaluation of 1984 programs and costs"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":31062,"text":"wsp2295A - 1987 - Water-quality data-collection activities in Colorado and Ohio; Phase I-inventory and evaluation of 1984 programs and costs","indexId":"wsp2295A","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Water-quality data-collection activities in Colorado and Ohio; Phase I-inventory and evaluation of 1984 programs and costs"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:15","indexId":"wsp2295A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2295","chapter":"A","title":"Water-quality data-collection activities in Colorado and Ohio; Phase I-inventory and evaluation of 1984 programs and costs","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S.G.P.O. ;For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2295A","usgsCitation":"Hren, J., Chaney, T.H., Norris, J.M., and Childress, C., 1987, Water-quality data-collection activities in Colorado and Ohio; Phase I-inventory and evaluation of 1984 programs and costs: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2295, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2295A.","productDescription":"71 p.","numberOfPages":"71","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2295a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59622,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2295a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5649","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hren, Janet","contributorId":69554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hren","given":"Janet","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chaney, Thomas H.","contributorId":94712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaney","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Norris, J. 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V.","contributorId":97542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"with contributions from Acosta","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Forshee, R.D.","contributorId":12494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forshee","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, D.","contributorId":85955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nielson, J.","contributorId":90740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Salsman, M.J.","contributorId":19565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salsman","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":38463,"text":"pp1431 - 1987 - Hydrology and chemistry of selected prairie wetlands in the Cottonwood Lake area, Stutsman County, North Dakota, 1979-82","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T13:49:28","indexId":"pp1431","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1431","title":"Hydrology and chemistry of selected prairie wetlands in the Cottonwood Lake area, Stutsman County, North Dakota, 1979-82","docAbstract":"

The relation of hydrologic setting and temporal variability in hydrology to nutrient content and geochemical characteristics of a group of prairie wetlands and adjacent ground water was studied during the period 1979-82. Although data were collected from many wetlands and wells at the study site, emphasis in this report primarily is on four wetlands two seasonal and two semipermanent and four wells contiguous to them along a hydrologic section. The seasonal wetlands, T8 and T3, contained water only for a few weeks to months after filling in spring and early summer; both were completely dry by August. The semipermanent wetlands, PI and P8, contained water throughout each year and were ice covered in winter. One wetland, T8, recharges ground water. Wetlands PI and P8 are in areas of ground-water discharge. None of the wetlands received water by channelized surface-water inlets. Only wetland P8 had a channelized surface-water outlet. Ground-water-level data showed that high points of the water table did not always occur beneath land-surface highs. Reversals of ground-water flow occurred occasionally between two of the wetlands, T3 and PI.

Significant differences existed in the chemical composition of the wetlands based on their hydrologic setting. In general, the dominant cation and anion in the wetlands were potassium and bicarbonate in wetland T8, calcium and sulfate in wetland T3, magnesium and sulfate in wetland PI, and magnesium and bicarbonate in wetland P8. Significant seasonal differences existed in the water chemistry of the wetlands in ground-water discharge areas. Water in three of the wetlands, T3, Pi, and P8, was most dilute while they filled in spring after icemelt. Concentration increased during the open-water period, and two of the wetlands, PI and P8, became most concentrated under ice cover. Concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen were greatest in wetlands in areas of ground-water recharge and least in wetlands in areas of ground-water discharge. Differences in the chemistry of water from wells in the adjacent ground water resulted primarily from the positions of the wells in the ground-water flow system. The chemical type of water from well 12, which was located in a ground-water recharge area, was calcium sodium bicarbonate. Water from well 4, located downgradient from wetland T8, and from well 16, located downgradient from wetland PI, typically was a calcium sulfate type. Water from well 13, located between wetlands T3 and PI in an area of changing ground-water flow directions, was a magnesium sulfate type. Data from this study show that an understanding of hydrologic conditions is important in the interpretation of the water chemistry of wetlands in the study area.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1431","usgsCitation":"LaBaugh, J.W., Winter, T.C., Adomaitis, V.A., and Swanson, G., 1987, Hydrology and chemistry of selected prairie wetlands in the Cottonwood Lake area, Stutsman County, North Dakota, 1979-82: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1431, iii, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1431.","productDescription":"iii, 26 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1431/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65018,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1431/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.42190551757812,\n 47.888262218856994\n ],\n [\n -100.37384033203124,\n 47.888262218856994\n ],\n [\n -100.37384033203124,\n 47.91864298946684\n ],\n [\n -100.42190551757812,\n 47.91864298946684\n ],\n [\n -100.42190551757812,\n 47.888262218856994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e8e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaBaugh, J. W.","contributorId":23484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaBaugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adomaitis, V. A.","contributorId":66198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adomaitis","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swanson, G.A.","contributorId":49299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":38478,"text":"pp1400C - 1987 - Mapping irrigated cropland from Landsat data for determination of water use from the High Plains Aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:56","indexId":"pp1400C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1400","chapter":"C","title":"Mapping irrigated cropland from Landsat data for determination of water use from the High Plains Aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1400C","usgsCitation":"Thelin, G., and Heimes, F., 1987, Mapping irrigated cropland from Landsat data for determination of water use from the High Plains Aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1400, p. C1-C38; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1400C.","productDescription":"p. C1-C38; 1 plate in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104619,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4829.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4829"},{"id":119332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1400c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65117,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1400c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65118,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1400c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0be4b07f02db69de64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thelin, G.P.","contributorId":84421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thelin","given":"G.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heimes, F.J.","contributorId":60654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heimes","given":"F.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":48973,"text":"ofr874B - 1987 - Source codes of CLAYFORM and associated file of data constants, a Fortran 77 computer program for calculating structural formulae of clay minerals and other silicates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-15T08:27:11","indexId":"ofr874B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4","chapter":"B","title":"Source codes of CLAYFORM and associated file of data constants, a Fortran 77 computer program for calculating structural formulae of clay minerals and other silicates","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr874B","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Bodine, M.W., 1987, Source codes of CLAYFORM and associated file of data constants, a Fortran 77 computer program for calculating structural formulae of clay minerals and other silicates: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-4, One 5 1/4 inch diskette, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr874B.","productDescription":"One 5 1/4 inch diskette","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267483,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0004b/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7772","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodine, Marc W. Jr.","contributorId":25974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodine","given":"Marc","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38503,"text":"pp1389 - 1987 - Physical properties of the surface materials at the Viking landing sites on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:20","indexId":"pp1389","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1389","title":"Physical properties of the surface materials at the Viking landing sites on Mars","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the results of the Physical Properties Investigation of the Viking '75 Project, activities of the surface samplers, and relevant results from other investigations. The two Viking Landers operated for nearly four martian years after landing on July 20 (Lander 1) and Sept. 3 (Lander 2), 1976; Lander 1 acquired its last pictures on or about Nov. 5, 1982. \r\n\r\nLander 1 rests on a smooth, cratered plain at the west edge of Chryse Planitia (22.5 ? N, 48.0? W), and Lander 2 rests 200 km west of the crater Mie in Utopia Planitia (48.0? N, 225.7? W). Lander 1 views showed that dune-like deposits of drift material were superposed on rock-strewn surfaces. Soil-like material from the rock-strewn areas was called blocky material. Lander 2 views also showed a rock-strewn surface. Polygonal to irregular features, etched by the wind, revealed crusty to cloddy material among rocks. \r\n\r\nBoth landers descended to the surface along nearly vertical trajectories. Velocities at touchdown were about 2 m/s for both landers. Footpad 2 of Lander 1 penetrated drift material 0.165 m, and footpad 3 penetrated blocky material 0.036 m. The two visible footpads of Lander 2 struck rocks. Erosion by exhausts from the forward engines produced craters with rims of mixed fine-grained material and platy to equidimensional clods, crusts, and fragments. Comparison of engine-exhaust erosion on Mars with terrestrial data suggested that drift material behaved like a weakly cohesive material with a grain size less than 3-9 /-lm. Although not sand, blocky and crusty to cloddy materials eroded like sand-with grain sizes of 0.01 or 0.2 cm. \r\n\r\nThe surface samplers accomplished an impressive number of tasks. All experiments that required samples received samples. Deep holes, as much as 0.22 m deep, were excavated by both landers. Lander 2 successfully pushed rocks and collected samples from areas originally beneath the rocks. Tasks specifically accomplished for the Physical Properties Investigation include: (1) acquiring motor-current data while excavating trenches, (2) performing surface-bearing tests, (3) performing backhoe touchdowns, (4) attempting to chip or scratch rocks, (5) comminuting samples, (6) measuring subsurface diurnal temperatures, and (7) constructing conical piles of materials on and among rocks. Sample trenches in the three major types of soil-like materials were different from one another. Trenches in drift material, which were typically 0.06 m deep, had steep walls along much of their lengths, lumpy tailings and floors, and smooth domed surfaces with sparse fine fractures around their tips. Trenches in blocky material, which were typically 0.03-0.04 m deep, had steep walls near their tips, and surfaces around their tips were displaced upward and some appeared blocky. Trenches in crusty to cloddy material, which were typically 0.04-0.05 m deep, had steep and often irregular slopes near their tips, clods and slabs of crust in their tailings, and disrupted areas around their tips composed of mixed fine-grained material and slabs of crust or thick polygonal clods that had been displaced upwards. \r\n\r\nData acquired during landing, trenching, surface-bearing tests, backhoe touchdowns, and from other science experiments were used to determine the mechanical properties of drift, blocky, and crusty to cloddy materials. Drift material appeared to be very fine grained, with local planes of weakness; in general, the drift material was consistent with a material having an angle of internal friction about 18?, a cohesion ranging from 0.7 to 3.0 kPa, and a bulk density of 1,200 kg/m 3 . Blocky material was consistent with a material having an angle of internal friction about 30?, cohesions from 1.5 to 16 kPa, and a bulk density of 1,600 kg/m 3 . Crusty to cloddy material had variable properties. For chiefly crusty to cloddy material, angles of internal friction were about 35 ? , and cohesions were from 0.5 to 5.2 kPa. For mixed fines and crusts, a","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1389","usgsCitation":"Moore, H., Hutton, R., Clow, G., and Spitzer, C., 1987, Physical properties of the surface materials at the Viking landing sites on Mars: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1389, 222 p.; 2 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1389.","productDescription":"222 p.; 2 plates in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1389/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":247676,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1389/plate-1.pdf","size":"2129","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247677,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1389/plate-2.pdf","size":"2342","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65219,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1389/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685b62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, H. J.","contributorId":71962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutton, R.E.","contributorId":102623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutton","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clow, G.D.","contributorId":46112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spitzer, C.R.","contributorId":91990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spitzer","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":48972,"text":"ofr874A - 1987 - Source codes of CLAYFORM and associated file of data constants, a Fortran 77 computer program for calculating structural formulae of clay minerals and other silicates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:07","indexId":"ofr874A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4","chapter":"A","title":"Source codes of CLAYFORM and associated file of data constants, a Fortran 77 computer program for calculating structural formulae of clay minerals and other silicates","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr874A","usgsCitation":"Bodine, M.W., 1987, Source codes of CLAYFORM and associated file of data constants, a Fortran 77 computer program for calculating structural formulae of clay minerals and other silicates: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-4, 53 p. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr874A.","productDescription":"53 p. ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0004a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":85856,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0004a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4a4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodine, Marc W. Jr.","contributorId":25974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodine","given":"Marc","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":48970,"text":"ofr86608 - 1987 - Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Houston metropolitan area, Texas, 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T11:22:15","indexId":"ofr86608","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-608","title":"Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Houston metropolitan area, Texas, 1984","docAbstract":"

Hydrologic investigations of urban watersheds in Texas were begun by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1954. Studies are now in progress in the Austin and Houston areas, and have been completed in the Dallas-Fort Worth and San Antonio areas.

\n

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the city of Houston, began studies in the Houston metropolitan area in 1964. The program was expanded in 1968 to include collection of water-quality data. The objectives of the Houston urban-hydrology study are as follows:

\n
    \n
  1. To determine, on the basis of historical data and hydrologic analyses, the magnitude and frequency of flood peaks and flood volumes;
    2. \n
  2. To determine the effect of urban development on flood peaks and volumes; and
    3. \n
  3. To ascertain the variation in water quality for different flow conditions and different seasons.
    4. \n
\n

This report, the twenty-first and last scheduled in a series of reports published annually, is primarily applicable to objective 2. The report presents hydrologic data collected in the Houston urban area for the 1984 water year (October 1, 1983 to September 30, 1984).

\n

A report by Johnson and Sayre (1973) utilized records collected from 1965 to 1969 to study the effects of urbanization on floods in the Houston area. That report also summarized various basin parameters. A report by Waddell, Massey, and Jennings (1979) presented data on runoff from the Houston area and computed concentrations and loads of selected water-quality constituents discharged to Galveston Bay. The study utilized a variation of the \"STORM\" model developed by the Hydrologic Engineering Center of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. A report prepared by Liscum and Massey (1980) presented a technique for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods in the Houston area from drainage areas, bank-full conveyance, and percentage of urban development.

\n

A definition of terms related to streamflow, water quality, and other hydrologic data, as used in this report, are defined in \"U.S. Geological Survey, Water-resources data for Texas, water year 1984, volume 2.\"

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr86608","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Houston","usgsCitation":"Liscum, F., Bruchmiller, J., Brown, D.W., and Paul, E., 1987, Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Houston metropolitan area, Texas, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-608, viii, 127 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86608.","productDescription":"viii, 127 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":85855,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0608/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":161773,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0608/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Houston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.36819458007811,\n 30.039377605001338\n ],\n [\n -95.42587280273438,\n 30.039377605001338\n ],\n [\n -95.49179077148438,\n 30.03462216002981\n ],\n [\n -95.56320190429686,\n 30.0262995822237\n ],\n [\n -95.62774658203125,\n 30.001327656702326\n ],\n [\n -95.73348999023438,\n 29.969211659636663\n ],\n [\n -95.83648681640624,\n 29.92756435779241\n ],\n [\n -95.87493896484374,\n 29.888280933159265\n ],\n [\n -95.86257934570312,\n 29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n -95.86944580078125,\n 29.75364773335698\n ],\n [\n -95.8447265625,\n 29.69640358280457\n ],\n [\n -95.79940795898438,\n 29.672542219068987\n ],\n [\n -95.69641113281249,\n 29.630771207229\n ],\n [\n -95.63186645507812,\n 29.60092416008231\n ],\n [\n -95.51513671875,\n 29.57106827738255\n ],\n [\n -95.40252685546875,\n 29.511330027309146\n ],\n [\n -95.28030395507812,\n 29.485034019181064\n ],\n [\n -95.17730712890625,\n 29.482643134466617\n ],\n [\n -95.086669921875,\n 29.499378142743375\n ],\n [\n -94.99740600585938,\n 29.532839863453397\n ],\n [\n -94.95483398437499,\n 29.551955878093022\n ],\n [\n -94.9493408203125,\n 29.604506272365295\n ],\n [\n -94.96719360351562,\n 29.653449050468925\n ],\n [\n -94.9822998046875,\n 29.680894340704334\n ],\n [\n -95.01800537109374,\n 29.71787396585316\n ],\n [\n -95.0372314453125,\n 29.744109309616487\n ],\n [\n -95.06881713867188,\n 29.76556948666697\n ],\n [\n -95.06744384765625,\n 29.797751134173065\n ],\n [\n -95.07705688476562,\n 29.837070205715218\n ],\n [\n -95.10314941406249,\n 29.871610558533725\n ],\n [\n -95.1361083984375,\n 29.925183985247404\n ],\n [\n -95.15396118164062,\n 29.972780616663897\n ],\n [\n -95.14572143554688,\n 29.997759725578906\n ],\n [\n -95.185546875,\n 30.01916538794235\n ],\n [\n -95.2294921875,\n 30.02511058549258\n ],\n [\n -95.2789306640625,\n 30.029866486852946\n ],\n [\n -95.33660888671875,\n 30.032244351965684\n ],\n [\n -95.36819458007811,\n 30.039377605001338\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ce4b07f02db607bcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liscum, Fred","contributorId":95463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liscum","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruchmiller, J.P.","contributorId":102490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruchmiller","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, D. W.","contributorId":63370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paul, E.M.","contributorId":65089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":44392,"text":"wri874042 - 1987 - Potential well yields from unconsolidated deposits in the lower Hudson and Delaware River basins, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:01","indexId":"wri874042","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4042","title":"Potential well yields from unconsolidated deposits in the lower Hudson and Delaware River basins, New York","docAbstract":"A comprehensive groundwater protection plan, developed by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation in 1985, identified the need to delineate significant aquifers within the state. A map of the unconsolidated aquifers in the lower Hudson and Delaware River basins was compiled from available data on the surficial geology and well yields. It delineates the significant unconsolidated aquifers and indicates the potential yield of wells that tap these aquifers. The potential well yield is categorized into three ranges: < 10 gal/min; 10 to 100 gal/min; and > 100 gal/min. No yield range is given for till, but some large diameter or dug wells in till may yield up 10 gal/min. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri874042","usgsCitation":"Wolcott, S.W., 1987, Potential well yields from unconsolidated deposits in the lower Hudson and Delaware River basins, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4042, 1 map ; 72 x 70 cm., on sheet 79 x 72 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874042.","productDescription":"1 map ; 72 x 70 cm., on sheet 79 x 72 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81680,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4042/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db68337e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolcott, Stephen W.","contributorId":93458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolcott","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44403,"text":"wri874180 - 1987 - Flood characteristics of the Buffalo River at Tyler Bend, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:03","indexId":"wri874180","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4180","title":"Flood characteristics of the Buffalo River at Tyler Bend, Arkansas","docAbstract":"The Buffalo River is located in the Ozark Mountains in north-central Arkansas. Tyler Bend is on the Buffalo River about 1.5 miles upstream from U.S. Highway 65. The National Park Service is developing several recreational park sites along this scenic river. The magnitude, frequency, duration and velocities of floods are primary factors needed for establishing guidelines for developing facilities and managing park sites. The Park Service plans to develop park facilities at Tyler Bend and needs flood information at this site. This report provides information on the 100-, 75-, 50-, 30-, 20-, 10-, and 5-year floods on the Buffalo River at Tyler Bend. It was prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the National Park Service and is based on data collected during the December 1982 flood, gaging station data for the Buffalo River near St. Joe, Arkansas and a Statewide flood-frequency report. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri874180","usgsCitation":"Neely, B., 1987, Flood characteristics of the Buffalo River at Tyler Bend, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4180, 1 map ; sheet 91 x 118 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874180.","productDescription":"1 map ; sheet 91 x 118 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168556,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81690,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4180/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5ef1f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neely, Braxtel L.","contributorId":37335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neely","given":"Braxtel L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44408,"text":"wri864185 - 1987 - Streamflow gain and loss of selected streams in northern Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-20T09:48:20","indexId":"wri864185","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4185","title":"Streamflow gain and loss of selected streams in northern Arkansas","docAbstract":"This map shows streamflow gain and loss measurements (seepage runs) on the Crooked, Osage, and Spavinaw Creeks, and Illinois, Kings, Mulberry, Spring, and Strawberry Rivers during the low-flow conditions from September 1982 to October 1984. Data indicated that streamflow gains and losses resulted from differences in lithology of the predominately carbonate rocks and from the presence of faults. The Kings and Strawberry Rivers and Osage Creek were gaining streams throughout their length, however wastewater discharges precluded an accurate determination on Osage Creek. Crooked and Spavinaw Creeks and the Illinois, Spring, and Mulberry Rivers generally were gaining streams throughout most of their lengths although short losing reaches were identified. The largest gains in streamflow generally occurred were Mississippian formation predominated near the streams. Faults that intersected the stream channels primarily were responsible for streamflow losses. The specific conductance of water increased in the stream reaches that had the most significant streamflow gains. The specific conductance of water in tributaries was generally higher than that in larger streams. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri864185","usgsCitation":"Freiwald, D.A., 1987, Streamflow gain and loss of selected streams in northern Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4185, 8 Plates: 39.87 x 39.18 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864185.","productDescription":"8 Plates: 39.87 x 39.18 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4185/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":366691,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4185/plate-1-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":366684,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4185/plate-4-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":366685,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4185/plate-4-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":366686,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4185/plate-3-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":366687,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4185/plate-3-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":366688,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4185/plate-2-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":366689,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4185/plate-2-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":366690,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4185/plate-1-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.6142578125,\n 35.28150065789119\n ],\n [\n -89.69238281249999,\n 35.28150065789119\n ],\n [\n -89.69238281249999,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -94.6142578125,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -94.6142578125,\n 35.28150065789119\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4e09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freiwald, David A. freiwald@usgs.gov","contributorId":226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freiwald","given":"David","email":"freiwald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":229717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44416,"text":"wri864330 - 1987 - Chemical characteristics of water in the surficial aquifer system, Broward County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:31","indexId":"wri864330","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4330","title":"Chemical characteristics of water in the surficial aquifer system, Broward County, Florida","docAbstract":"Water quality data was collected in 1981 and 1982 during the drilling of test holes at 27 sites throughout Broward County, Florida. Determinations were made for the following physical properties and chemical constituents: pH, alkalinity, specific conductance, major ions, selected nutrients and dissolved iron, aluminum, and manganese. Determinations for the trace elements-arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, zinc, selenium, and mercury-were made at 14 wells. Water in the surficial aquifer system between the coastal ridge and the conservation areas is potable and usually is a calcium bicarbonate type for the first 140 ft or more below land surface. Between depths of 140 and 230 ft, groundwater generally grades into a mixed-ion water type. In some areas, diluted seawater occurs beneath the mixed water zone. Dissolved iron concentrations between the coastal ridge and the conservation areas are variable but generally exceed 1,000 micrograms/L. Beneath the conservation areas and the western edge of Broward County, groundwater in the first 100 ft below land surface generally is either a calcium bicarbonate type or a mixed-ion type. At depths between 100 and 200 ft, diluted residual seawater occurs, except along the far western edge of the county. Residual seawater is least diluted in the north. Dissolved iron concentrations generally are between 300 and 1 ,000 micrograms/L but increase to the east of the conservation areas. Other findings of the investigation include: (1) groundwater in some areas west of the coastal ridge probably would be suitable for most domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses if it were treated for carbonate hardness; (2) groundwater in much of Broward County is chemically altered by natural softening and magnesium enrichment (natural softening increases to the west and is very pronounced beneath the far western edge of the county); and (3) there is evidence of mineralized water from the conservation areas mixing with groundwater east of the levees. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri864330","usgsCitation":"Howie, B., 1987, Chemical characteristics of water in the surficial aquifer system, Broward County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4330, 2 maps : col. ; 39 x 70 cm. and 39 x 61 cm., on sheets 81 x 102 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864330.","productDescription":"2 maps : col. ; 39 x 70 cm. and 39 x 61 cm., on sheets 81 x 102 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81712,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4330/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81713,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4330/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e4245","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howie, Barbara","contributorId":54248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howie","given":"Barbara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44419,"text":"wri864067 - 1987 - Lithology and base of the surficial aquifer system, Palm Beach County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:31","indexId":"wri864067","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4067","title":"Lithology and base of the surficial aquifer system, Palm Beach County, Florida","docAbstract":"The surficial aquifer system is a major source of freshwater in Palm Beach County. In 1982, public supply withdrawals from the aquifer system totaled 33,543 million gallons, 77.5% of total public supply withdrawals. To evaluate the aquifer system and its geologic framework, a cooperative study with Palm Beach County was begun in 1982 by the U.S. Geological Survey. The surficial aquifer system in Palm Beach County is composed primarily of sand, sandstone, shell, silt, calcareous clay (marl), and limestone deposited during the Pleistocene and Pliocene epochs. In the western two-thirds of Palm Beach County, sediments in the aquifer system are poorly consolidated sand, shell, and sandy limestone. Owing to interspersed calcareous clays and silt and very poorly sorted materials, permeabilities in this zone of the aquifer system are relatively low. Two other zones of the aquifer system are found in the eastern one-third of the county where the sediments are appreciably more permeable than in the west due to better sorting and less silt and clay content. The location of more detailed lithologic logs for wells in these sections, along with data from nearby wells, allowed enhanced interpretation and depiction of the lithology which had previously been generalized. The most permeable zone of the aquifer system in this area is characterized by highly developed secondary porosity where infiltrating rainwater and solution by groundwater have removed calcitic-cementing materials from the sediments to produce interconnected cavities. Increased permeability in the aquifer system is generally coincident with the eastern boundary of the overlying organic soils and Lake Flirt Marl. Lithologic logs of wells in Palm Beach County indicate that sediments forming the aquifer system were deposited directly on the erosional surface of the Hawthorn Formation in some areas. In other locations in the county, lithologic logs indicate that the base of the aquifer system was formed by fluvial deposits containing erosional materials from the Tamiami and Hawthorn Formations and Caloosahatchee Marl. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri864067","usgsCitation":"Miller, W.L., 1987, Lithology and base of the surficial aquifer system, Palm Beach County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4067, 1 map : col. ; 32 x 37 cm., on sheet 62 x 89 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864067.","productDescription":"1 map : col. ; 32 x 37 cm., on sheet 62 x 89 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81717,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4067/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635c14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Wesley L.","contributorId":91859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Wesley","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}