{"pageNumber":"1518","pageRowStart":"37925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46677,"records":[{"id":26801,"text":"wri874007 - 1987 - Ground-water quality and geochemistry of Las Vegas Valley, Clark County, Nevada, 1981-83: Implementation of a monitoring network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-02T21:59:20.341167","indexId":"wri874007","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4007","title":"Ground-water quality and geochemistry of Las Vegas Valley, Clark County, Nevada, 1981-83: Implementation of a monitoring network","docAbstract":"

As a result of rapid urban growth in Las Vegas Valley, rates of water use and wastewater disposal have grown rapidly during the last 25 years. Concern has developed over the potential water quality effects of this growth. The deep percolation of wastewater and irrigation return flow (much of which originates as imported water from Lake Mead), along with severe overdraft conditions in the principal aquifers of the valley, could combine to pose a long-term threat to groundwater quality. The quantitative investigations of groundwater quality and geochemical conditions in the valley necessary to address these concerns would include the establishment of data collection networks on a valley-wide scale that differ substantially from existing networks. The valley-wide networks would have a uniform areal distribution of sampling sites, would sample from all major depth zones, and would entail repeated sampling from each site. With these criteria in mind, 40 wells were chosen for inclusion in a demonstration monitoring network. Groundwater in the northern half of the valley generally contains 200 to 400 mg/L of dissolved solids, and is dominated by calcium, magnesium , and bicarbonate ions, reflecting a chemical equilibrium between the groundwater and the dominantly carbonate rocks in the aquifers of this area. The intermediate to deep groundwater in the southern half of the valley is of poorer quality (containing 700 to 1,500 mg/L of dissolved solids) and is dominated by calcium, magnesium, sulfate, and bicarbonate ions, reflecting the occurrence of other rock types including evaporite minerals among the still-dominant carbonate rocks in the aquifers of this part of the valley. The poorest quality groundwater in the valley is generally in the lowland parts of the valley in the first few feet beneath the water table, where dissolved solids concentrations range from 2,000 to > 7,000 mg/L , and probably reflects the effects of evaporite dissolution, secondary recharge, and evapotranspiration. The most common water quality constraint on potential groundwater use is the high salinity. No evidence of large-scale contamination of deep groundwater was found in this study.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874007","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M.D., 1987, Ground-water quality and geochemistry of Las Vegas Valley, Clark County, Nevada, 1981-83: Implementation of a monitoring network: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4007, v, 69 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874007.","productDescription":"v, 69 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395317,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46696.htm"},{"id":55689,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4007/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4007/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Clark County","otherGeospatial":"Las Vegas Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.2883,\n 35.95\n ],\n [\n -114.9231,\n 35.95\n ],\n [\n -114.9231,\n 36.3444\n ],\n [\n -115.2883,\n 36.3444\n ],\n [\n -115.2883,\n 35.95\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6673c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":197027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55632,"text":"wdrMARI851 - 1987 - Water resources data, Massachusetts and Rhode Island, water year 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-24T19:22:49.327834","indexId":"wdrMARI851","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MA-RI-85-1","title":"Water resources data, Massachusetts and Rhode Island, water year 1985","docAbstract":"

Water-resources data for the 1985 water year for Massachusetts and Rhode Island consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; contents of lakes and reservoirs; and ground-water levels. This report contains discharge records for 97 gaging stations, monthend contents for 31 lakes and reservoirs, water quality for 9 gaging stations, and water levels for 104 observation wells. Also included are data for one crest-stage partial-record station. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. A few pertinent stations (not included above) in bordering states are also included in this report. These data represent that portion of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Massachusetts and Rhode Island.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMARI851","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the States of Massachusetts and Rhode Island and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Gadoury, R.A., Kent, D.J., Ries, K., and White, H.L., 1987, Water resources data, Massachusetts and Rhode Island, water year 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MA-RI-85-1, viii, 235 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMARI851.","productDescription":"viii, 235 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":496050,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1985/mari-85-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174969,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1985/mari-85-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.50297488831188,\n 42.97016577848564\n ],\n [\n -73.50297488831188,\n 41.11994266161375\n ],\n [\n -69.8918541821574,\n 41.11994266161375\n ],\n [\n -69.8918541821574,\n 42.97016577848564\n ],\n [\n -73.50297488831188,\n 42.97016577848564\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f118e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gadoury, R. A.","contributorId":26334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gadoury","given":"R.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kent, D. J.","contributorId":55070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"D.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ries, Kernell G. III kries@usgs.gov","contributorId":1913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ries","given":"Kernell G.","suffix":"III","email":"kries@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":253870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, H. L.","contributorId":50211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"H.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":12662,"text":"ofr86315 - 1987 - Ground-water data for Indian Wells Valley, Kern, Inyo, and San Bernardino Counties, California, 1977-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-13T15:02:10.123647","indexId":"ofr86315","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-315","title":"Ground-water data for Indian Wells Valley, Kern, Inyo, and San Bernardino Counties, California, 1977-84","docAbstract":"Ground water is the sole source of water in Indian Wells Valley. Since 1966, annual ground-water pumpage has exceeded estimates of mean annual recharge, and continued and increased stresses on the aquifer system of the valley are expected. In 1981 the U.S. Geological Survey began a 10-year program to develop a data base that could be used in evaluating future water-management alternatives for the valley.\r\n\r\nThis report tabulates existing water-level and water-quality data in order to provide a basis for the design of a ground-water monitoring network for Indian Wells Valley.\r\n\r\nWater-levels were measured in 131 wells during 1977-84. About 62 percent of the wells that have water-level measurements spanning at least 3 years during the period 1977-84 show a net water-level decline; the decline in 23 percent of the wells is greater than 5 feet. Water-quality samples from 85 wells were analyzed for major dissolved constituents. At selected wells water samples were also analyzed for nutrients and trace metals. Seventy-nine of the wells sampled contained water with concentrations of one or more dissolved constituents that equaled or exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency primary or secondary maximum contaminant levels for drinking water. Dissolved-solids concentrations, which ranged from 190 to 67,000 milligrams per liter, equaled or exceeded 500 milligrams per liter (the Environmental Protection Agency secondary maximum contaminant level) in 85 percent of the sampled wells and 1,000 milligrams per liter in 59 percent.\r\n\r\nWater samples collected in 1984 from eight wells near the industrial-waste ponds of the China Lake Naval Weapons Center were analyzed for the presence of organic compounds designated 'priority pollutants' by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Priority pollutants were detected in three wells. Trichloroethylene, methylene chloride, vinyl chloride, and chloroform were identified; concentrations were less than 10 micrograms per liter except for trichloroethylene and chloroform, at 94 and 12 micrograms per liter, respectively. Trichloroethylene in one sample and vinyl chloride in another exceeded Environmental Protection Agency proposed maximum contaminant levels.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr86315","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indian Wells Valley Water District and the U.S. Department of the Navy, China Lakes Naval Weapons Center","usgsCitation":"Berenbrock, C., 1987, Ground-water data for Indian Wells Valley, Kern, Inyo, and San Bernardino Counties, California, 1977-84: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-315, Report: iv, 56 p.; 1 Plate: 23.34 x 29.25 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86315.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 56 p.; 1 Plate: 23.34 x 29.25 inches","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496092,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0315/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143682,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0315/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41070,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0315/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Inyo County, Kern County, San Bernardino County","otherGeospatial":"Indian Wells Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.91666666666667,35.56666666666667 ], [ -117.91666666666667,35.86666666666667 ], [ -117.53416666666666,35.86666666666667 ], [ -117.53416666666666,35.56666666666667 ], [ -117.91666666666667,35.56666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d635","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berenbrock, Charles","contributorId":30598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berenbrock","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15913,"text":"ofr87127 - 1987 - GSPOST Version 1.0: A program to plot symbols and post numerical data from ASCII tables on regional scale maps using an IBM PC (or compatible) microcomputer and plotter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-13T15:00:49.744591","indexId":"ofr87127","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-127","title":"GSPOST Version 1.0: A program to plot symbols and post numerical data from ASCII tables on regional scale maps using an IBM PC (or compatible) microcomputer and plotter","docAbstract":"

GSPOST is a microcomputer program that takes data from a properly formatted ASCII file and drives a plotter, to make maps displaying information associated with geographic points by drawing symbols and/or posting numerical data at latitude-longitude specified sites.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr87127","usgsCitation":"Selner, G., Smith, C.L., and Taylor, R.B., 1987, GSPOST Version 1.0: A program to plot symbols and post numerical data from ASCII tables on regional scale maps using an IBM PC (or compatible) microcomputer and plotter: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-127, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87127.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":496128,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0127/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149350,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0127/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b14b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selner, G.I.","contributorId":13229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selner","given":"G.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Cole L.","contributorId":70757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Cole","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Richard B.","contributorId":19539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":13437,"text":"ofr87137 - 1987 - Petrographic compositional data for Atokan through Virgilian sandstones in Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:45","indexId":"ofr87137","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-137","title":"Petrographic compositional data for Atokan through Virgilian sandstones in Oklahoma","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr87137","usgsCitation":"Dyman, T.S., 1987, Petrographic compositional data for Atokan through Virgilian sandstones in Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-137, i, 15 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87137.","productDescription":"i, 15 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0137/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41881,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0137/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6881d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyman, T. S.","contributorId":21161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyman","given":"T.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55183,"text":"wdrHI852 - 1987 - Water resources data for Hawaii and other Pacific areas, water year 1985: Volume 2. Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, and American Samoa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-11T16:52:52.096799","indexId":"wdrHI852","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"HI-85-2","title":"Water resources data for Hawaii and other Pacific areas, water year 1985: Volume 2. Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, and American Samoa","docAbstract":"

Volume 2 of water resources data for the 1985 water year for other Pacific areas consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and springs; stage of 2 lakes and a reservoir; and water levels and water quality in wells. This report contains discharge records for 31 gaging stations; stage only record for 3 gaging stations; water quality for 8 gaging stations; 6 partial-record stations; water temperature for 31 gaging stations; and water levels for 35 observation wells and water quality for 110 ground-water sites. Also included are 19 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating Governments and Federal agencies in other Pacific areas. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrHI852","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Governments of Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, American Samoa, and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1987, Water resources data for Hawaii and other Pacific areas, water year 1985: Volume 2. Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, and American Samoa: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report HI-85-2, viii, 142 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrHI852.","productDescription":"viii, 142 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":497332,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1985/hi-85-2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":180896,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1985/hi-85-2/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"American Samoa, Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f6f3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70236864,"text":"70236864 - 1987 - Methods and applications in surface depression analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-20T16:13:45.052548","indexId":"70236864","displayToPublicDate":"1987-12-31T11:09:55","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Methods and applications in surface depression analysis","docAbstract":"

Gridded surface data sets are often incorporated into digital data bases, but extracting information from the data sets requires specialized raster processing techniques different from those historically used on remotely sensed and thematic data. Frequently, the information desired of a gridded surface is directly related to the topologic peaks and pits of the surface. A method for isolating these peaks and pits has been developed, and two examples of its application are presented.

The perimeter of a pit feature is the highest-valued closed contour surrounding a minimum level. The method devised for finding all such contours is designed to operate on large raster surfaces. If the data are first inversely mapped, this algorithm will find surface peaks rather than pits.

In one example the depressions, or pits, expressed in Digital Elevation Model data, are hydrologically significant potholes. Measurement of their storage capacity is the objective. The potholes are found and labelled as polygons; their watershed boundaries are found and attributes are computed.

In the other example, geochemical surfaces, which were interpolated from chemical analyses of irregularly distributed stream sediment samples, were analyzed to determine the magnitude, morphology, and areal extent of peaks (geochemical anomalies).

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Auto-Carto VIII: Proceedings of the international symposium on computer-assisted cartography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography, 8th (Auto-Carto 8)","conferenceDate":"Mar 29- Apr 3, 1987","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, MD","language":"English","publisher":"Cartography and Geographic Information Society","usgsCitation":"Jenson, S.K., and Trautwein, C.M., 1987, Methods and applications in surface depression analysis, in Auto-Carto VIII: Proceedings of the international symposium on computer-assisted cartography, Baltimore, MD, Mar 29- Apr 3, 1987, p. 137-144.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"144","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407065,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":407064,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cartogis.org/docs/proceedings/archive/auto-carto-8/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenson, Susan K.","contributorId":66859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenson","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trautwein, Charles M. trautwein@usgs.gov","contributorId":2861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trautwein","given":"Charles","email":"trautwein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":852397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209289,"text":"70209289 - 1987 - Alleghanian deformation, metamorphism, and granite emplacement in the central Piedmont of the southern Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-06T13:49:16.392213","indexId":"70209289","displayToPublicDate":"1987-12-31T10:51:34","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alleghanian deformation, metamorphism, and granite emplacement in the central Piedmont of the southern Appalachians","docAbstract":"

Evidence of late Paleozoic (Alleghanian) penetrative deformation, amphilbolite-facies, metamorphism, and syntectonic granite emplacement has been found in an area of the central Piedmont in the southern Appalachians. The High Shoals Granite batholith in the Kings Mountain belt of south-central North Carolina consists of coarse-grained, megacrystic biotite granite with a strong, nearly vertical, gneissoid, foliation, defined by parallel feldspar megacrysts and biotite. U-Ph isotopic data on zircons from the granite yield a concordant age of 317 Ma (Pennsylvanian). This pervasively deformed late Paleozoic granite in the central Piedmont is far west of those known in the Kiokee and Raleigh belts. Field relationships indicate that the High Shoals Granite was emplaced during the late stages of regional F2 folding, close in time to the thermal peak of amphibolite-facies metamorphism. Mineral assemblages typical of Barrovian metamorphism are found in zones of decreasing grade away from the High Shoals contact. These zones, delimited by a kyanite(out)-sillimanite (in) isograd which completely surrounds the batholith and by part of a regional chloritoid (out)-staurolite (in) isograd west and southwest of it, conform to the shape of the batholith and cut across F2 folds. Furthermore, hornblendes from epidoteamphibolite facies to upper amphibolite facies metamorphic rocks in the Kings Mountain belt of North Carolina and South Carolina yield 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages of 318 to 323 Ma. These dates are analytically the same as the crystallization age of High Shoals Granite as established of zireon using the U-Ph method and demonstrate the synchroneity of intrusion of the High Shoals with the dominant regional metamorphism in this part of the Kings Mountain belt. 

","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/ajs.287.6.635","usgsCitation":"Horton,, J., Sutter, J.F., Stern, T.W., and Milton, D., 1987, Alleghanian deformation, metamorphism, and granite emplacement in the central Piedmont of the southern Appalachians: American Journal of Science, v. 287, no. 6, p. 635-660, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.287.6.635.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"635","endPage":"660","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Southern Appalachians","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.3310546875,\n 34.542762387234845\n ],\n [\n -83.023681640625,\n 34.768691457552706\n ],\n [\n -81.793212890625,\n 35.505400093441324\n ],\n [\n -80.255126953125,\n 36.73888412439431\n ],\n [\n -78.77197265625,\n 38.02213147353745\n ],\n [\n -77.969970703125,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -77.838134765625,\n 39.26628442213066\n ],\n [\n -79.16748046874999,\n 39.2832938689385\n ],\n [\n -80.167236328125,\n 38.12591462924157\n ],\n [\n -81.793212890625,\n 37.36142550190517\n ],\n [\n -83.21044921875,\n 36.97622678464096\n ],\n [\n -84.495849609375,\n 36.146746777814364\n ],\n [\n -84.91333007812499,\n 35.35321610123823\n ],\n [\n -84.8583984375,\n 34.58799745550482\n ],\n [\n -84.122314453125,\n 34.43409789359469\n ],\n [\n -84.3310546875,\n 34.542762387234845\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"287","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton,, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":219824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton,","given":"J. Wright","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutter, J. F.","contributorId":59779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stern, T. W.","contributorId":36122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milton, D.J.","contributorId":44121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milton","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70236907,"text":"70236907 - 1987 - An algorithm for locating candidate labelling boxes within a polygon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-21T15:35:42.371053","indexId":"70236907","displayToPublicDate":"1987-12-31T10:25:15","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An algorithm for locating candidate labelling boxes within a polygon","docAbstract":"

Vector-based geographic information systems usually require annotation, such as a polygon number or attribute data, in a suitable location within a polygon. Traditional methods usually compute the polygon centroid, test the centroid for inclusion or exclusion, and select some alternative point when the centroid falls outside the polygon. Two problems are associated with this approach: (1) the text can be centered on the point, but may be placed in a visually awkward place, and (2) part of the text may fall outside the polygon and may overlap other polygon boundaries or other text labels. An algorithm is presented that circumvents both of these problems, by computing a number of horizontal candidate labelling rectangles (boxes) within a polygon from which a suitable selection can be made or from which one may conclude that the text label does not fit the polygon.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Auto-Carto VIII: Proceedings of the international symposium on computer-assisted cartography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Auto-Carto VIII: International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography","conferenceDate":"Mar 29- Apr 3, 1987","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, MD","language":"English","publisher":"Cartography and Geographic Information Society","usgsCitation":"van Roessel, J.W., 1987, An algorithm for locating candidate labelling boxes within a polygon, in Auto-Carto VIII: Proceedings of the international symposium on computer-assisted cartography, Baltimore, MD, Mar 29- Apr 3, 1987, p. 689-700.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"700","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":407138,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cartogis.org/docs/proceedings/archive/auto-carto-8/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Roessel, Jan W.","contributorId":35745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Roessel","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":852665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70197698,"text":"70197698 - 1987 - Thermal maturity of tectonostratigraphic terranes within the Franciscan Complex, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-18T11:58:28","indexId":"70197698","displayToPublicDate":"1987-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Thermal maturity of tectonostratigraphic terranes within the Franciscan Complex, California","docAbstract":"

Indicators of organic metamorphism provide valuable tools for analyzing the thermal history of tectonostratigraphic terranes. Paleotemperature estimates derived from vitrinite reflectance, for example, are more precise than values based upon inorganic mineral assemblages in low‐grade rocks. Isothermal geometries must be interpreted within the context of structural and stratigraphic data, but, by doing so, direct comparisons of thermal history can be made between adjacent terranes. Data from the Franciscan Complex of California show that three basic types of thermal anomalies are related to terrane amalgamation: (1) maturity inversion across terrane boundaries, (2) shear heating along terrane boundaries, and (3) resetting of maturity gradients via thrust loading. In addition, thermal overprints result if there is a substantial rise in local or regional geothermal gradient following terrane amalgamation; under these circumstances, homogenization of thermal maturity may be evident across terrane boundaries. If associated magmatic rocks or hydrothermal veins can be dated, an upper limit is established on the suturing event. Thermal data are also useful for resolving structural ambiguities on a local scale; clear distinctions can be made, for example, between faulted contacts, diapirs, and mildly tectonized depositional contacts or unconformities.

Citing Literatu
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Terrane Accretion and Orogenic Belts","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/GD019p0307","usgsCitation":"Underwood, M., Blake, M.C., and Howell, D.G., 1987, Thermal maturity of tectonostratigraphic terranes within the Franciscan Complex, California, chap. of Terrane Accretion and Orogenic Belts, v. 19, p. 307-321, https://doi.org/10.1029/GD019p0307.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"321","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355119,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 39.52522954427751\n ],\n [\n -122.40966796874999,\n 39.52522954427751\n ],\n [\n -122.40966796874999,\n 40.967455873296714\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 40.967455873296714\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 39.52522954427751\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1134ece4b034bf6a82770a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Leitch, E.C.","contributorId":205707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leitch","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":738205,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scheibner, Erwin","contributorId":98784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheibner","given":"Erwin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":738206,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Underwood, M.B.","contributorId":47386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Underwood","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":738202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blake, M. Clark Jr.","contributorId":56675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blake","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Clark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":738203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howell, D. G.","contributorId":52546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":738204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70158918,"text":"70158918 - 1987 - Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project user's guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-13T14:09:24.461969","indexId":"70158918","displayToPublicDate":"1987-12-02T14:30:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project user's guide","docAbstract":"

Title III of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA, 1980) established the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge (YFNWR). Section 304 of the Act requires the Secretary of Interior to \"prepare, and from time to time revise, a comprehensive conservation plan\" for the refuge. Before developing a plan for the refuge, the Secretary shall \"identify and describe--a) the populations and habitats of the fish and wildlife resources of the refuge; b) the special values of the refuge as well as any other archeological, cultural, ecological, geological , historical, palentological, scenic, or wilderness value of the refuge; c) areas within the refuge that are suitable for use as administrative sites or visitor facilities...; d) present the potential requirements for access with respect to the refuge...; and e) significant problems which may adversely affect the populations and habitats of fish and wildlife identified and described...\" (ANILCA, 1980). Vegetation, water, and terrain (elevation, slope, and aspect) are the components of habitat and can be used in the determination of the above requirements.

\n

The U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS) has the responsibility for collecting the resource information to address the research, management, development and planning requirements identified in Section 304. Because of the brief period provided by the Act for data collection, habitat mapping, and habitat assessment, the USFWS in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Field Office, used digital Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) data and digital terrain data to produce land cover and terrain maps. A computer assisted digital analysis of Landsat MSS data was used because coverage by aerial photographs was incomplete for much of the refuge and because the level of detail obtained from Landsat data was adequate to meet most USFWS research, management and planning needs. Relative cost and time requirements were also factors in the decision to use the digital analysis approach.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Markon, C.J., 1987, Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project user's guide, 25 p.","productDescription":"25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70158918.jpg"},{"id":312629,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70158918/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n 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-149.578857421875,\n 65.82528186767406\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5614f0e2e4b0ba4884c611f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70121888,"text":"70121888 - 1987 - Use of the bottomland hardwoods subset of the wetland values data base","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-25T09:43:57","indexId":"70121888","displayToPublicDate":"1987-12-01T09:41:37","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Use of the bottomland hardwoods subset of the wetland values data base","docAbstract":"

This report documents a bibliographic data base concerning functions and values of bottomland hardwoods and similarly vegetated areas. This data base is being provided for a limited time (until September 30, 1988) as a supplement to the publication entitled \"Synopsis of Wetland Functions and Values: Bottomland Hardwoods with Special Emphasis on Eastern Texas and Oklahoma\" (Wilkinson et al. 1987). The bottomland hardwoods data base is a subset of a larger bibliographic data base, Wetland Values, developed by the National Wetlands Inventory of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Stuber 1986). The focus of these bibliographic data bases is on functions and values of wetlands; few articles on structure (e.g., phytosociology) are included.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, National Ecology Research Center","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Auble, G.T., 1987, Use of the bottomland hardwoods subset of the wetland values data base, 22 p.","productDescription":"22 p.","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292937,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fc4de6e4b0413fd75d6b69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Auble, Gregor T. 0000-0002-0843-2751 aubleg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-2751","contributorId":2187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"Gregor","email":"aubleg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221533,"text":"5221533 - 1987 - Survival and band recovery rates of sympatric American black ducks and mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-15T18:04:19.057492","indexId":"5221533","displayToPublicDate":"1987-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and band recovery rates of sympatric American black ducks and mallards","docAbstract":"

Banding and recovery data from American black ducks (Anas rubripes) and mallards (A. platyrhynchos) banded in the same breeding or wintering areas over the same time periods were used to estimate annual survival and band recovery rates. Recovery rates, based on preseason bandings, were very similar for sympatric black ducks and mallards and exhibited similar patterns of year-to-year variation for the 2 species. Tests for differences between the species in annual survival rates yielded equivocal results. We tentatively conclude that annual survival rates of mallards generally were not higher than those of black ducks banded in the same areas. The apparent difference in population status between black ducks and eastern mallards does not seem to result from differences in mortality rate. Nevertheless, we should attempt to identify management practices that might increase survival probabilities of black ducks.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801730","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Obrecht, H.H., and Hines, J., 1987, Survival and band recovery rates of sympatric American black ducks and mallards: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 51, no. 4, p. 700-710, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801730.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"700","endPage":"710","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197696,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688618","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":334087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Obrecht, Holliday H. III","contributorId":79545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obrecht","given":"Holliday","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":334089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70248019,"text":"70248019 - 1987 - An aeromagnetic study of Mount St. Helens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-31T12:51:50.697478","indexId":"70248019","displayToPublicDate":"1987-09-10T07:47:50","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An aeromagnetic study of Mount St. Helens","docAbstract":"

Aeromagnetic data from surveys flown by the U.S. Geological Survey over Mount St. Helens, Washington, before and after the climactic May 18, 1980, eruption were used to determine the bulk magnetic properties of the volcano and to delineate a buried source. We assumed that most of the edifice of preeruption and posteruption Mount St. Helens has a magnetization direction near the present earth's field of 69° inclination and 20° declination and calculated its intensity as 4.1 A/m. After subtraction of magnetic anomalies due to topogaphy magnetized with this direction and intensity, the preeruption and posteruption surveys revealed nearly identical residual magnetic highs and lows, indicative that their sources were not altered or removed by the May 1980 eruption. The residual highs were explained by a 200-m-deep source lying mostly within the edifice of Mount St. Helens. The source could be terrain that predates Mount St. Helens, such as a buried ridge or a cone or a valley filled with lava. We calculated the magnetization of the material removed by the May 1980 eruption and found its intensity to be 4.2 A/m in a direction near the present earth's field, similar to that assumed for the volcano as a whole. This similar result confirmed the validity of the magnetization vector assumed for the entire edifice.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB092iB10p10194","usgsCitation":"Finn, C.A., and Williams, D.L., 1987, An aeromagnetic study of Mount St. Helens: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 92, no. B10, p. 10194-10206, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB092iB10p10194.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"10194","endPage":"10206","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420360,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mt. St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.20698880392216,\n 46.1220284852933\n ],\n [\n -122.16384141231497,\n 46.121659267699755\n ],\n [\n -122.07701394525354,\n 46.14270072159525\n ],\n [\n -122.08820030604062,\n 46.16742338067894\n ],\n [\n -122.12974964610694,\n 46.1980345568214\n ],\n [\n -122.13880527150587,\n 46.248155785539694\n ],\n [\n -122.20166196545227,\n 46.273199241030994\n ],\n [\n -122.27037818171561,\n 46.268044170584346\n ],\n [\n -122.30074116099485,\n 46.20798873531629\n ],\n [\n -122.29275090328976,\n 46.17922729877867\n ],\n [\n -122.2831625940438,\n 46.1449151438448\n ],\n [\n -122.20698880392216,\n 46.1220284852933\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"B10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, Carol A. 0000-0002-6178-0405 cfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":1326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol","email":"cfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, David L.","contributorId":10028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":881526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014123,"text":"70014123 - 1987 - Analysis of the U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-18T15:37:56.866473","indexId":"70014123","displayToPublicDate":"1987-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3724,"text":"Water Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of the U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging network","docAbstract":"

This paper summarizes the results from the first 3 years of a 5-year cost-effectiveness study of the U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging network. The objective of the study is to define and document the most cost-effective means of furnishing streamflow information. In the first step of this study, data uses were identified for 3,493 continuous-record stations currently being operated in 32 States. In the second step, evaluation of alternative methods of providing streamflow information, flow-routing models, and regression models were developed for estimating daily flows at 251 stations of the 3,493 stations analyzed. In the third step of the analysis, relationships were developed between the accuracy of the streamflow records and the operating budget. The weighted standard error for all stations, with current operating procedures, was 19.9 percent. By altering field activities, as determined by the analyses, this could be reduced to 17.8 percent. The existing streamgaging networks in four Districts were further analyzed to determine the impacts that satellite telemetry would have on the cost effectiveness. Satellite telemetry was not found to be cost effective on the basis of hydrologic data collection alone, given present cost of equipment and operation.

","language":"English","publisher":"IWA Publishing","doi":"10.2166/wst.1987.0064","issn":"02731223","usgsCitation":"Scott, A.G., 1987, Analysis of the U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging network: Water Science and Technology, v. 19, no. 9, p. 31-42, https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0064.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"42","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225426,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130.67138671875,\n 54.686534234529695\n ],\n [\n -129.9462890625,\n 55.36662484928637\n ],\n [\n -130.1220703125,\n 56.145549500679074\n ],\n [\n -131.9677734375,\n 56.9449741808516\n ],\n [\n -135.3076171875,\n 59.833775202184206\n ],\n [\n -136.38427734375,\n 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]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb3be4b0c8380cd48cd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, A. G.","contributorId":36552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70121396,"text":"70121396 - 1987 - Results of a workshop concerning ecological zonation in bottomland hardwoods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-21T13:20:42","indexId":"70121396","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T13:07:43","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"NEC-87/14","title":"Results of a workshop concerning ecological zonation in bottomland hardwoods","docAbstract":"

Under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has regulatory responsibilities concerning the discharge of dredged or fill material into the Nation's waters. In addition to its advisory role in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' permit program, EPA has a number of specific authorities, including formulation of the Section 404(b)(1) Guidelines, use of Section 404(c) to prohibit disposal at particular sites, and enforcement actions for unauthorized discharges. A number of recent court cases focus on the geographic scope of Section 404 jurisdiction in potential bottomland hardwood (BLH) wetlands and the nature of landclearing activities in these areas that require a permit under Section 404. Accordingly, EPA needs to establish the scientific basis for implementing its responsibilities under Section 404 in bottomland hardwoods.

\n
\n

EPA is approaching this task through a series of workshops designed to provide current scientific information on bottomland hardwoods and to organize that information in a manner pertinent to key questions, including the following. What are the characteristics of bottomland hardwoods (in terms of hydrology, soils, vegetation, fish, wildlife, agricultural potential, and the like) and how can the functions (e.g., flood storage, water quality maintenance, detrital export) that they perform best be quantified? How do perturbations like landclearing, levee construction, and drainage impact the functions that bottomland hardwoods perform and how can these effects best be quantified? And finally, how significant are the impacts and how is their significance likely to change under various management scenarios?

\n
\n

The first workshop in this series was held December 3-7, 1984, in St. Francisville, Louisiana. The workshop was attended by over 40 scientists and regulators (see ACKNOWLEDGMENTS section) and facilitated by the editors of this report under an Interagency Agreement between EPA and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The general objective of the workshop was to examine ways in which the structure and function of BLH ecosystems can be characterized and, in particular, to investigate the utility of a conceptual framework developed at a workshop held in Lake Lanier, Georgia, in 1980. In this framework, the transition from aquatic habitats to upland habitats through a BLH ecosystem is divided into six zones based on concomitant variation in the soil moisture regime and associated vegetation (Table 1). The zonation concept is of particular interest to EPA from at least two perspectives. The first is simply as a framework for organizing information. If the zones are discernible in the field, have recognizable characteristics, and perform identifiable functions, they might form a useful basis for tasks such as assessing the impacts of a particular site-specific activity. The second is the potential utility of the zonation concept in identifying the wetland portions of BLH communities. If the zones can be recognized in the field, and if one or more of them can be shown consistently to have wetland characteristics (i.e., perform functions, such as detrital export, often attributed to wetlands), while others do not, then the zones might have utility in identifying areas that fall under the jurisdiction of Section 404.

\n
\n

The workshop itself was divided into two parts. The first was a series of papers in which authors described current research and data-synthesis activities in the context of the zonation concept. The second was a series of six workgroups in which participants discussed the zonation concept from the perspective of hydrology, soils, vegetation, fish, wildlife, and ecosystem processes. This report is a compilation of the written material from those workgroups, much of which was produced at the workshop. The formal papers presented in the first part of the workshop have been distributed to participants under separate cover, but are referenced in this report by citations such as: (Jones, workshop presentation).

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Ecology Center","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Roelle, J.E., Auble, G.T., Hamilton, D.B., Johnson, R.L., and Segelquist, C.A., 1987, Results of a workshop concerning ecological zonation in bottomland hardwoods, 141 p.","productDescription":"141 p.","numberOfPages":"141","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f707e3e4b05ec1f2431c10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roelle, James E. roelleb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"James","email":"roelleb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Auble, Gregor T. 0000-0002-0843-2751 aubleg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-2751","contributorId":2187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"Gregor","email":"aubleg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamilton, David B. hamiltond@usgs.gov","contributorId":193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"David","email":"hamiltond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":499034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Richard L.","contributorId":32626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Segelquist, Charles A.","contributorId":27368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segelquist","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70113309,"text":"70113309 - 1987 - Status of worldwide Landsat archive","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T16:46:55.216102","indexId":"70113309","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T13:04:46","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Status of worldwide Landsat archive","docAbstract":"

In cooperation with the International Landsat community, and through the Landsat Technical Working Group (LTWG), NOAA is assembling information about the status of the Worldwide Landsat Archive. During LTWG 9, member nations agreed to participate in a survey of International Landsat data holding and of their archive experiences with Landsat data. The goal of the effort was two-fold; one, to document the Landsat archive to date, and, two, to ensure that specific nations' experience with long-term Landsat archival problems were available to others. The survey requested details such as amount of data held, the format of the archive holdings by Spacecraft/Sensor, and acquisition years; the estimated costs to accumulated process, and replace the data (if necessary); the storage space required, and any member nation's plans that would establish the insurance of continuing quality.

\n
\n

As a group, the LTWG nations are concerned about the characteristics and reliability of long-term magnetic media storage. Each nation's experience with older data retrieval is solicited in the survey. This information will allow nations to anticipate and plan for required changes to their archival holdings.

\n
\n

Also solicited were reports of any upgrades to a nation's archival system that are currently planned and all results of attempts to reduce archive holdings including methodology, current status, and the planned access rates and product support that are anticipated for responding to future archival usage.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Warriner, H.W., 1987, Status of worldwide Landsat archive, in Pecora XI Symposium, p. 457-471.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"457","endPage":"471","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7837e4b0abf75cf2ce4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warriner, Howard W.","contributorId":46422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warriner","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70113303,"text":"70113303 - 1987 - Image restoration techniques as applied to Landsat MSS and TM data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T13:02:56","indexId":"70113303","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T12:57:35","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3023,"text":"Pecora XI Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Image restoration techniques as applied to Landsat MSS and TM data","docAbstract":"

Two factors are primarily responsible for the loss of image sharpness in processing digital Landsat images. The first factor is inherent in the data because the sensor's optics and electronics, along with other sensor elements, blur and smear the data. Digital image restoration can be used to reduce this degradation. The second factor, which further degrades by blurring or aliasing, is the resampling performed during geometric correction.

\n
\n

An image restoration procedure, when used in place of typical resampled techniques, reduces sensor degradation without introducing the artifacts associated with resampling.

\n
\n

The EROS Data Center (EDC) has implemented the restoration proceed for Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) and thematic mapper (TM) data. This capability, developed at the University of Arizona by Dr. Robert Schowengerdt and Lynette Wood, combines restoration and resampling in a single step to produce geometrically corrected MSS and TM imagery. As with resampling, restoration demands a tradeoff be made between aliasing, which occurs when attempting to extract maximum sharpness from an image, and blurring, which reduces the aliasing problem but sacrifices image sharpness. The restoration procedure used at EDC minimizes these artifacts by being adaptive, tailoring the tradeoff to be optimal for individual images.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Meyer, D., 1987, Image restoration techniques as applied to Landsat MSS and TM data: Pecora XI Symposium, p. 427-427.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"427","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288918,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7747e4b0abf75cf2c0da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, David dmeyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"David","email":"dmeyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70113293,"text":"70113293 - 1987 - A conceptual method for monitoring locust habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T12:56:39","indexId":"70113293","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T12:47:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3023,"text":"Pecora XI Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A conceptual method for monitoring locust habitat","docAbstract":"

A procedure to map and monitor vegetation conditions in near-real time was developed at the United States Geological Survey;s Earth Resources Observation Systems Data Center for use in locust control efforts. Meteorological satellite dat were acquired daily for 3 weeks in October and November 1986 over a 1.4-million-square-kilometer study area centered on Botswana in southern Africa. Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data were screened to remove cloud-contaminated data and registered to a 1-kilometer geographic base. Each day the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was calculated to determine the presence and relative amounts of green vegetation in the area. Over a 10-day cycle, subsequent dates of NDVI data were composited to fill in data removed by the cloud-screening process. At any pixel location, the maximum NDVI value was retained. At the end of the 10-day cycle, a composite vegetation-greenness map was produced and another cycle started. Greenness-change maps were produced by comparing two 10-day composite greenness images. Automated map production procedures were used to merge the NDVI image data with cartographic data (boundaries, roads, tick marks) digitized from 1:1,000,000-scale operational navigation charts. The vegetation-greenness map shoes the current distribution of vegetation in the region and can be used to locate potential locust breeding area. The change map shows areas where increases and decreases in greenness have occurred between processing cycles. Significant areas of locust damage in remote regions are characterized by an unexpected decrease in greenness. These maps can be used by locust control teams to efficiently target areas for reconnaissance. In general, the procedures and products have utility for resource managers who are required to monitor vegetation resources over large geographic regions.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Howard, S.M., Loveland, T., Ohlen, D.O., Moore, D.G., Gallo, K., and Olsson, J., 1987, A conceptual method for monitoring locust habitat: Pecora XI Symposium, p. 376-377.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"376","endPage":"377","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288917,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7610e4b0abf75cf2be6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, Stephen M. 0000-0001-5255-5882 smhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-5882","contributorId":3483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Stephen","email":"smhoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":3005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ohlen, Donald O. ohlen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlen","given":"Donald","email":"ohlen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":495054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Donald G.","contributorId":41146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gallo, Kevin P.","contributorId":62524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallo","given":"Kevin P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olsson, Jonathon","contributorId":58945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsson","given":"Jonathon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70113292,"text":"70113292 - 1987 - A joint NOAA/USGS study to evaluate satellite assessment of land surface features and climatic variables","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T15:56:37.983871","indexId":"70113292","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T12:32:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A joint NOAA/USGS study to evaluate satellite assessment of land surface features and climatic variables","docAbstract":"

Data collection and preliminary analyses have begun for a study that will evaluate the usefulness of satellite data for assessment of land surface features and climatic variables. The objective of the study is to determine what relationships exist between routinely available ground-based climatic and land surface information and satellite-obtained land surface information. The overall goal is to contribute to the increasingly important understanding of land surface climatology.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Gallo, K.P., Tarpley, J., Howard, S.M., and Moore, D.G., 1987, A joint NOAA/USGS study to evaluate satellite assessment of land surface features and climatic variables, in Pecora XI Symposium, p. 348-363.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"348","endPage":"363","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288914,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7613e4b0abf75cf2be78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallo, Kevin P. kgallo@usgs.gov","contributorId":4200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallo","given":"Kevin","email":"kgallo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarpley, J.D.","contributorId":57373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarpley","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howard, Stephen M. 0000-0001-5255-5882 smhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-5882","contributorId":3483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Stephen","email":"smhoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, D. G.","contributorId":7285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5222489,"text":"5222489 - 1987 - Age-specificity of black-capped chickadee survival rates: Analysis of capture-recapture data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-18T16:05:20.092722","indexId":"5222489","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T12:19:02","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age-specificity of black-capped chickadee survival rates: Analysis of capture-recapture data","docAbstract":"

The ornithological literature indicates a widespread belief in two generalizations about the age—specificity of avian survival rates: (1) survival rates of young birds for some period following fledging are lower than those of adults, and (2) after reaching adulthood survival rates are constant for birds of all ages. There is a growing body of evidence in support of the first generalization, although little is known about how long the survival difference between young and adults lasts. This latter question can be addressed with capture—recapture or band recovery studies based on birds marked in the winter, but the inability to determine age in many species during winter has prevented the use of standard methods. There is very little evidence supporting the second generalization, and we are in need of methods and actual analyses that address this question. In the present paper we restate the two generalizations as hypotheses and test them using data from a wintering Black—capped Chickadee (Parus atricapillus) population in Connecticut, which has been studied by Loery for 26 yr. We use a cohort—based Jolly—Seber approach, which should be useful in other investigations of this nature. We found strong evidence of lower survival rates in 1st—yr birds than in adults, but could not determine whether this was the result of higher mortality rates, higher emigration rates, or a combination of the two. We also found evidence that survival rates of adult birds were not constant with age but decreased at a rate of ° 3.5%/yr. As adult birds are very faithful to their wintering areas, we believe that almost all this decrease can be attributed to an increase in mortality with age. Simulation results suggest that heterogeneity of capture probabilities could not explain the magnitude of the decrease in survival with age. Age—dependent tag loss is also discussed as an alternative explanation, but is dismissed as very unlikely in this situation. This analysis thus provides some of the first evidence of declining adult survival probabilities with age for any bird species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1938375","usgsCitation":"Loery, G., Nichols, J.D., Pollock, K.H., and Hines, J.E., 1987, Age-specificity of black-capped chickadee survival rates: Analysis of capture-recapture data: Ecology, v. 68, no. 4, p. 1038-1044, https://doi.org/10.2307/1938375.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1038","endPage":"1044","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194291,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689227","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loery, G.","contributorId":46182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loery","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":140652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":336371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollock, Kenneth H.","contributorId":8590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hines, James E. 0000-0001-5478-7230 jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":336372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70113270,"text":"70113270 - 1987 - Producing Alaska interim land cover maps from Landsat digital and ancillary data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T15:50:53.638501","indexId":"70113270","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T11:47:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Producing Alaska interim land cover maps from Landsat digital and ancillary data","docAbstract":"

In 1985, the U.S. Geological Survey initiated a research program to produce 1:250,000-scale land cover maps of Alaska using digital Landsat multispectral scanner data and ancillary data and to evaluate the potential of establishing a statewide land cover mapping program using this approach. The geometrically corrected and resampled Landsat pixel data are registered to a Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection, along with arc-second digital elevation model data used as an aid in the final computer classification. Areas summaries of the land cover classes are extracted by merging the Landsat digital classification files with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management's Public Land Survey digital file. Registration of the digital land cover data is verified and control points are identified so that a laser plotter can products screened film separate for printing the classification data at map scale directly from the digital file.

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The final land cover classification is retained both as a color map at 1:250,000 scale registered to the U.S. Geological Survey base map, with area summaries by township and range on the reverse, and as a digital file where it may be used as a category in a geographic information system.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick-Lins, K., Doughty, E.F., Shasby, M., Loveland, T., and Benjamin, S., 1987, Producing Alaska interim land cover maps from Landsat digital and ancillary data, in Pecora XI Symposium, p. 339-348.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"348","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,51.2 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -130.0,71.4 ], [ -130.0,51.2 ], [ 172.5,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae77f6e4b0abf75cf2c60e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick-Lins, Katherine","contributorId":75906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick-Lins","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doughty, Eileen Flanagan","contributorId":83443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughty","given":"Eileen","email":"","middleInitial":"Flanagan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shasby, Mark shasbym@usgs.gov","contributorId":69158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shasby","given":"Mark","email":"shasbym@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":3005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Benjamin, Susan","contributorId":77938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benjamin","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70113258,"text":"70113258 - 1987 - Data integration using color space transforms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T11:41:55","indexId":"70113258","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T11:32:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3023,"text":"Pecora XI Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Data integration using color space transforms","docAbstract":"

The demand for increased spatial resolution without sacrificing spectral discrimination can be fulfilled by integration of data from different sensor systems and satellite programs. Data of high spatial resolution are frequently available in panchromatic (black-and-white) form rather than multispectral. Techniques gave been developed to combine the higher resolution panchromatic data with a multispectral data set of lower spatial resolution.

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The standard method of integration modulates the intensity of the mutispectral with the panchromatic data. A less subjective approach uses an algorithm that describes color in terms of intensity (I), hue (H), and saturation (S).

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Combinations of high resolution panchromatic data (SPOT panchromatic) and lower resolution multispectral data [Landsat thematic mapper (TM), SPOT XS] have been developed. The SPOT data were acquired on April 3, 1986, and the Landsat TM data were acquired on April 5, 1986. The data sets were registered to each other and the multi-spectral data sets were contrast enhanced. The enhanced multispectral data sets were then transformed from red/green/blue (RGB) color space into IHS space. In each case (TM/SPOT panchromatic and SPOT XS/SPOT panchromatic), the SPOT panchromatic data were remapped on a cumulative histogram percentage basis to match the multispectral \"I\" data. These remapped SPOT panchromatic data were substituted for the original multispectral \"I\" and the hybrid IHS data transformed back into RGB space for display.

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While this technique is experimental and still being refined, the results, to date, indicate that the IHS method will be valuable for generating improved images that effectively present both high resolution spatial digital data and multispectral data.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Feuquay, J.W., 1987, Data integration using color space transforms: Pecora XI Symposium, p. 326-326.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"326","endPage":"326","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7665e4b0abf75cf2bf61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feuquay, Jay W.","contributorId":108031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feuquay","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70113255,"text":"70113255 - 1987 - Digital processing techniques and film density calibration for printing image data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T15:46:20.09761","indexId":"70113255","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T11:23:13","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Digital processing techniques and film density calibration for printing image data","docAbstract":"

Satellite image data that cover a wide range of environments are being used to make prints that represent a map type product. If a wide distribution of these products is desired, they are printed using lithographic rather than photographic procedures to reduce the cost per print. Problems are encountered in the photo lab if the film products to be used for lithographic printing have the same density range and density curve characteristics as the film used for photographic printing. A method is presented that keeps the film densities within the 1.1 range required for lithographic printing, but generates film products with contrast similar to that in photographic film for the majority of data (80 percent). Also, spatial filters can be used to enhance local detail in dark and bright regions, as well as to sharpen the final image product using edge enhancement techniques.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Chavez, P.S., McSweeney, J.A., and Binnie, D.R., 1987, Digital processing techniques and film density calibration for printing image data, in Pecora XI Symposium, p. 293-302.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"302","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7683e4b0abf75cf2bf81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chavez, Pat S.","contributorId":82308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chavez","given":"Pat","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McSweeney, Joseph A.","contributorId":51908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McSweeney","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Binnie, Douglas R. binnie@usgs.gov","contributorId":3269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binnie","given":"Douglas","email":"binnie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":495027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70113248,"text":"70113248 - 1987 - BIA interpretation techniques for vegetation mapping using thematic mapper false color composites (interim report for San Carlos Reservation)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T11:17:23","indexId":"70113248","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T11:05:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3023,"text":"Pecora XI Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"BIA interpretation techniques for vegetation mapping using thematic mapper false color composites (interim report for San Carlos Reservation)","docAbstract":"

The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) is responsible for the natural resource management of approximately 52 million acres of Trust lands in the contiguous United States. The lands are distributed in a \"patchwork\" fashion throughout the country. Management responsibilities on these areas include: minerals, range, timber, fish and wildlife, agricultural, cultural, and archaeological resources. In an age of decreasing natural resources and increasing natural resource values, effective multiple resource management is critical.

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BIA has adopted a \"systems approach\" to natural resource management which utilizes Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. The GIS encompasses a continuum of spatial and relational data elements, and included functional capabilities such as: data collection, data entry, data base development, data analysis, data base management, display, and report generalization. In support of database development activities, BIA and BLM/TGS conducted a cooperative effort to investigate the potential of 1:100,000 scale Thematic Mapper (TM) False Color Composites (FCCs) for providing vegetation information suitable for input to the GIS and to later be incorporated as a generalized Bureau wide land cover map. Land cover information is critical as the majority of reservations currently have no land cover information in either map or digital form.

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This poster outlines an approach which includes the manual interpretation of land cover using TM FCCs, the digitizing of interpreted polygons, and the editing of digital data, used upon ground truthing exercises. An efficient and cost-effective methodology for generating large area land cover information is illustrated for the Mineral Strip area on the San Carlos Indian Reservation in Arizona. Techniques which capitalize on the knowledge of the local natural resources professionals, while minimizing machine processing requirements, are suggested.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Bonner, W., English, T., Haas, R.H., Feagan, T., and McKinley, R., 1987, BIA interpretation techniques for vegetation mapping using thematic mapper false color composites (interim report for San Carlos Reservation): Pecora XI Symposium, p. 291-292.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"San Carlos Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.7469,32.875 ], [ -110.7469,33.817 ], [ -109.4906,33.817 ], [ -109.4906,32.875 ], [ -110.7469,32.875 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7643e4b0abf75cf2beeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonner, W.J.","contributorId":51157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonner","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"English, T.C.","contributorId":92584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"English","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haas, R. H.","contributorId":57456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haas","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feagan, T.R.","contributorId":17144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feagan","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKinley, R.A.","contributorId":102390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinley","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}