{"pageNumber":"152","pageRowStart":"3775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":6233,"records":[{"id":70174259,"text":"70174259 - 2000 - Recent research on the hydrodynamics of the Sacramento - San Joaquin River Delta and north San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-16T13:51:53","indexId":"70174259","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent research on the hydrodynamics of the Sacramento - San Joaquin River Delta and north San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<p>This article presents an overview of recent findings from hydrodynamic research on circulation and mixing in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta) (Figure 1) and North San Francisco Bay (North Bay) (Figure 2). For the purposes of this article, North Bay includes San Pablo Bay, Carquinez Strait, and Suisun Bay. The findings presented are those gained from field studies carried out by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), as part of the Interagency Ecological Program (IEP), and Stanford University beginning about 1993. The premise behind these studies was that a basic understanding of circulation and mixing patterns in the Bay and Delta is an essential part of understanding how biota and water quality are affected by natural hydrologic variability, water appropriation, and development activities. Data collected for the field studies described in this article have significantly improved our understanding of Bay and Delta hydrodynamics. Measured flows ,in the Delta have provided valuable information on how water moves through the Delta's network of channels and how export pumping affects flows. Studies of the shallows and shallow-channel exchange processes conducted in Honker Bay have shown that the water residence time in Honker Bay is much shorter than previously reported (on the order of hours to several tidal cycles instead ofweeks). Suisun Bay studies have provided data on hydrodynamic transport and accumulation mechanisms that operate primarily in the channels. The Suisun Bay studies have caused us to revise our understanding of residual circulation in the channels of North Bay and of \"entrapment\" mechanisms in the low salinity zone. Finally, detailed tidal and residual (tidally averaged) time-scale studies of the mechanisms that control gravitational circulation in the estuary show that density-driven transport in the channels is governed by turbulence time-scale (seconds) interactions between the mean flow and stratification. The hydrodynamic research summarized in this article spans a range of estuarine environments (deep water channels to shallow water habitats and brackish water to freshwater) at time scales that range from seconds to years.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the San Francisco Estuary","usgsCitation":"Burau, J.R., Monismith, S., Stacey, M., Oltmann, R.N., Lacy, J., and Schoellhamer, D., 2000, Recent research on the hydrodynamics of the Sacramento - San Joaquin River Delta and north San Francisco Bay: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 11, no. 2, p. 45-55.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"55","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's 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,{"id":54206,"text":"wdrTX995 - 2000 - Water resources data Texas, water year 1999, volume 5. Guadalupe River basin, Nueces River basin, Rio Grande basin, and intervening coastal basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T11:16:57","indexId":"wdrTX995","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"TX-99-5","title":"Water resources data Texas, water year 1999, volume 5. Guadalupe River basin, Nueces River basin, Rio Grande basin, and intervening coastal basins","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1999 water year for Texas are presented in six volumes, and consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and canals; stage, contents, and water-quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground-water wells. Volume 5 contains records for water discharge at 76 gaging stations; stage only at 1 gaging stations; stage and contents at 4 lakes and reservoirs; water quality at 38 gaging stations; and data for 30 partial-record stations comprised of 3 flood-hydrograph, 14 low-flow, and 8 crest-stage, and 5 miscellaneous stations. Also included are lists of discontinued surface-water discharge or stage-only stations and discontinued surface-water-quality stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating Federal, State, and local agencies in Texas. Records for a few pertinent stations in the bordering States also are included.","language":"English","publisher":" U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrTX995","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Texas and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Gandara, S., Gibbons, W., Barbie, D., and Jones, R.E., 2000, Water resources data Texas, water year 1999, volume 5. 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,{"id":54204,"text":"wdrTX993 - 2000 - Water resources data Texas, water year 1999, volume 3. San Jacinto River basin, Brazos River basin, San Bernard River basin, and intervening coastal basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T17:03:46","indexId":"wdrTX993","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T08:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"TX-99-3","title":"Water resources data Texas, water year 1999, volume 3. San Jacinto River basin, Brazos River basin, San Bernard River basin, and intervening coastal basins","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1999 water year for Texas are presented in six volumes, and consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and canals; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground-water wells. Volume 3 contains records for water discharge at 78 gaging stations; stage only at 7 gaging stations; stage and contents at 28 lakes and reservoirs; water quality at 27 gaging stations; and data for 48 partial-record stations comprised of 19 flood-hydrograph, 8 low-flow, and 17 crest-stage, and 4 miscellaneous stations. Also included are lists of discontinued surface-water discharge or stage-only stations and discontinued surface-water-quality stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating Federal, State, and local agencies in Texas. Records for a few pertinent stations in the bordering States also are included.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrTX993","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Texas and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Gandara, S., Gibbons, W., Barbie, D., and Jones, R.E., 2000, Water resources data Texas, water year 1999, volume 3. San Jacinto River basin, Brazos River basin, San Bernard River basin, and intervening coastal basins: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report TX-99-3, HTML Document; Report: xv, 440 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrTX993.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: xv, 440 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5313,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wdrtx993/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":334559,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/WDR-TX-99-3/pdf/VOL3-1999.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.21 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.0517578125,\n              35.003003395276714\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.0517578125,\n              34.06176136129718\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.667236328125,\n              33.797408767572485\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.84326171875,\n              33.4955977448657\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.1181640625,\n              33.073130945006625\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.118408203125,\n              32.602361666817515\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.96484375,\n              31.840232667909365\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.767333984375,\n              30.968189296794247\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.14111328125,\n              30.44867367928756\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.52587890625,\n              29.707139348134145\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.21826171874999,\n              29.219302076779456\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.95458984375,\n              28.545925723233477\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.526123046875,\n              28.70986084394286\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.00976562499999,\n              28.8831596093235\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.757080078125,\n              29.248063243796576\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.85595703125,\n              29.649868677972304\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.03173828125,\n              29.983486718474694\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.614013671875,\n              30.80791068136646\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.35009765625,\n              31.5504526754715\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.086181640625,\n              32.045332838858506\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.06396484375,\n              32.861132322810946\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.2724609375,\n              33.65120829920497\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.72265625,\n              34.243594729697406\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.458740234375,\n              34.615126683462194\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.0517578125,\n              35.003003395276714\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd38c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gandara, S. 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,{"id":54202,"text":"wdrTX991 - 2000 - Water resources data Texas, water year 1999, volume 1. Arkansas River basin, Red River basin, Sabine River basin, Neches River basin, and intervening coastal basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T11:18:10","indexId":"wdrTX991","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"TX-99-1","title":"Water resources data Texas, water year 1999, volume 1. Arkansas River basin, Red River basin, Sabine River basin, Neches River basin, and intervening coastal basins","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1999 water year for Texas are presented in six volumes, and consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and canals; stage, contents, and water-quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground-water wells. Volume 1 contains records for water discharge at 71 gaging stations; stage only at 3 gaging stations; stage and contents at 23 lakes and reservoirs; water quality at 47 gaging stations; and data for 9 partial-record stations comprised of 6 flood-hydrograph and 3 low-flow stations. Also included are lists of discontinued surface-water discharge or stage-only stations and discontinued surface-water-quality stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating Federal, State, and local agencies in Texas. Records for a few pertinent stations in the bordering States also are included.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrTX991","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Texas and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Gandara, S., Gibbons, W., Barbie, D., and Jones, R.E., 2000, Water resources data Texas, water year 1999, volume 1. Arkansas River basin, Red River basin, Sabine River basin, Neches River basin, and intervening coastal basins: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report TX-99-1, HTML Document; Report: xiv, 415 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrTX991.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: xiv, 415 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5311,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wdrtx991/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":334965,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/WDR-TX-99-1/pdf/VOL1-1999.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      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,{"id":54287,"text":"wdrMDDEDC991 - 2000 - Water resources data, Maryland and Delaware, water year 1999, Volume 1. surface-water data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:53","indexId":"wdrMDDEDC991","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MD-DE-DC-99-1","title":"Water resources data, Maryland and Delaware, water year 1999, Volume 1. surface-water data","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1999 water year for Maryland and Delaware consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs. This volume (Volume 1. Surface-Water Data) contains records for water discharge at 111 gaging stations; stage and contents of 1 reservoir; and water quality at 17 gaging stations. Also included are stage and discharge for 3 creststage partial-record stations, discharge only for 27 low-flow partial-record stations, and stage only for 5 tidal crest-stage partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, local, and Federal agencies in Maryland and Delaware.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrMDDEDC991","usgsCitation":"James, R., Saffer, R.W., and Tallman, A.J., 2000, Water resources data, Maryland and Delaware, water year 1999, Volume 1. surface-water data: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MD-DE-DC-99-1, 434 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMDDEDC991.","productDescription":"434 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5401,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/wdr-md-de-dc-99-1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f1277","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, Robert W.","contributorId":51365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"Robert W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saffer, Richard W.","contributorId":79951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saffer","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tallman, Anthony J.","contributorId":56275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tallman","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":50351,"text":"ofr00253 - 2000 - Potential runoff-contributing areas in Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:25","indexId":"ofr00253","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-253","title":"Potential runoff-contributing areas in Kansas","docAbstract":"This digital spatial data set provides information on the spatial distribution of potential runoff-contributing areas in the State of Kansas. Potential runoff-contributing areas were estimated collectively for the processes of infiltration-excess overland flow and saturation-excess overland flow. For infiltration-excess overland flow, various rainfall-intensity and soil-permeability values were used. For saturation-excess overland flow, antecedent soil-moisture conditions and a topographic wetness index were used. The digital data sets used in the analysis included 1:24,000-scale soils data and a 100-meter-resolution digital elevation model. The data set of potential runoff-contributing areas is in grid (raster) format with a grid-cell size of 10,000 square meters.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr00253","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., 2000, Potential runoff-contributing areas in Kansas (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-253, digital spatial data set, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00253.","productDescription":"digital spatial data set","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4158,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ks.water.usgs.gov/Kansas/pubs/abstracts/ofr.00-253.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae177","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juracek, Kyle E. 0000-0002-2102-8980 kjuracek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-8980","contributorId":2022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"Kyle","email":"kjuracek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50370,"text":"ofr00478 - 2000 - Hydrologic data for water years 1933-97 used in the River and Reservoir Operations Model, Truckee River basin, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:19","indexId":"ofr00478","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-478","title":"Hydrologic data for water years 1933-97 used in the River and Reservoir Operations Model, Truckee River basin, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"Title II of Public Law 101-618, the Truckee?Carson?Pyramid Lake Water Rights Settlement Act of 1990, provides direction, authority, and a mechanism for resolving conflicts over water rights in the Truckee and Carson River Basins. The Truckee Carson Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, to support implementation of Public Law 101-618, has developed an operations model to simulate lake/reservoir and river operations for the Truckee River Basin including diversion of Truckee River water to the Truckee Canal for transport to the Carson River Basin. Several types of hydrologic data, formatted in a chronological order with a daily time interval called 'time series,' are described in this report. Time series from water years 1933 to 1997 can be used to run the operations model. Auxiliary hydrologic data not currently used by the model are also described. The time series of hydrologic data consist of flow, lake/reservoir elevation and storage, precipitation, evaporation, evapotranspiration, municipal and industrial (M&I) demand, and streamflow and lake/reservoir level forecast data.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr00478","usgsCitation":"Berris, S.N., Hess, G.W., and Bohman, L.R., 2000, Hydrologic data for water years 1933-97 used in the River and Reservoir Operations Model, Truckee River basin, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-478, 43 p.; map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00478.","productDescription":"43 p.; map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4176,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr00478","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":176755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6077d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berris, Steven N. snberris@usgs.gov","contributorId":1736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berris","given":"Steven","email":"snberris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":241290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, Glen W.","contributorId":19136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohman, Larry R. lrbohman@usgs.gov","contributorId":4769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohman","given":"Larry","email":"lrbohman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":241291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":50345,"text":"ofr00189 - 2000 - Summary of geophysical investigations of the Death Valley regional water-flow modeling project, Nevada and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-27T11:40:47","indexId":"ofr00189","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-189","title":"Summary of geophysical investigations of the Death Valley regional water-flow modeling project, Nevada and California","docAbstract":"This report summarizes geophysical investigations in the Amargosa Desert and surrounding areas conducted between 1997 and 2000 in support of the Death Valley Regional Water-Flow Modeling Project of the U.S. Geological Survey. These investigations used both gravity and aeromagnetic data to develop a regional-scale tectonic and lithologic model for the near-surface. Gravity data were inverted in order to estimate the depth to pre-Cenozoic basement throughout the study area. This basement surface is interpreted to be the contact between pre-Cenozoic carbonate rocks and overlying alluvium, an important component of water-flow models. Gravity data also were used to identify locations where basement rocks are anomalously dense, possibly indicating areas resistant to water flow. A new aeromagnetic survey of the central part of the study area was used to map concealed faults and areas underlain by volcanic rocks.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00189","usgsCitation":"Blakely, R.J., Langenheim, V., and Ponce, D.A., 2000, Summary of geophysical investigations of the Death Valley regional water-flow modeling project, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-189, Report: 21 p., with figures linked; Report: 32 p., with figures included; 2 Plates: 22.14 x 30.50 inches and 22.17 x 30.17 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00189.","productDescription":"Report: 21 p., with figures linked; Report: 32 p., with figures included; 2 Plates: 22.14 x 30.50 inches and 22.17 x 30.17 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170459,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281573,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0189/pdf/plate2.pdf"},{"id":281574,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0189/pdf/of00-189.pdf"},{"id":281571,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0189/"},{"id":281572,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0189/pdf/plate1.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6991f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":1526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":241245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":47746,"text":"wri004246 - 2000 - Field testing of passive diffusion bag samplers for volatile organic compound concentrations in ground water, Naval Industrial Reserve Ordnance Plant, Fridley, Minnesota, November 1999 and May 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:20","indexId":"wri004246","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4246","title":"Field testing of passive diffusion bag samplers for volatile organic compound concentrations in ground water, Naval Industrial Reserve Ordnance Plant, Fridley, Minnesota, November 1999 and May 2000","docAbstract":"Volatile organic compound concentrations from passive diffusion bag samplers were compared with concentrations from conventional purge (three or more casing volumes) sampling and low-flow purge sampling in side-by-side tests in 17 wells at the Naval Industrial Reserve Ordnance Plant, in Fridley, Minnesota. An initial comparison of 1,2-dichloroethene and trichloroethene concentrations obtained by using passive diffusion bag samplers and the conventional purge method in wells where one passive diffusion bag sampler was deployed showed good agreement at several wells but poor agreement at others. Collection of data from multiple diffusion samplers during the conventional purge sampling and during the low-flow sampling, however, suggests that the volatile organic compound concentrations from the passive diffusion bag samplers accurately reflect the volatile organic compound distribution in the screened interval, whereas the conventional purge and low-flow purge samples reflect mixing during pumping. The data also show that contaminant stratification was present in some wells. In one well, trichloroethene concentrations ranged from 470 to 1,600 micrograms per liter over a vertical distance of approximately 6 feet.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri004246","usgsCitation":"Vroblesky, D.A., and Petkewich, M.D., 2000, Field testing of passive diffusion bag samplers for volatile organic compound concentrations in ground water, Naval Industrial Reserve Ordnance Plant, Fridley, Minnesota, November 1999 and May 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4246, iv, 10 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004246.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":100053,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4246/report.pdf","size":"1687","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":169698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4246/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4bea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroblesky, Don A. vroblesk@usgs.gov","contributorId":413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"Don","email":"vroblesk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":236144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petkewich, Matthew D. 0000-0002-5749-6356 mdpetkew@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5749-6356","contributorId":982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petkewich","given":"Matthew","email":"mdpetkew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":236145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":54211,"text":"wdrCO991 - 2000 - Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1999--Volume 1. Missouri River Basin, Arkansas River Basin, and Rio Grande Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:59","indexId":"wdrCO991","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CO-99-1","title":"Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1999--Volume 1. Missouri River Basin, Arkansas River Basin, and Rio Grande Basin","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for Colorado for the 1999 water year consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of wells and springs. This report (Volumes 1 and 2) contains discharge records for 306 gaging stations, stage and contents of 15 lakes and reservoirs, discharge measurements for 1 partial-record low-flow station and 1 miscellaneous site, peak-flow information for 28 crest-stage partial-record stations; water quality for 109 gaging stations and for 8 lakes and reservoirs, supplemental water quality for 186 gaged sites; water quality for 53 miscellaneous sites and 14 observation wells; water levels for 2 observation wells, and meteorological data for 19 sites. Three pertinent stations operated by bordering States also are included in this report. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the direction of W.F. Horak, District Chief. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrCO991","usgsCitation":"Crowfoot, R., Unruh, J., Ritz, G., Steger, R., and O’Neill, G.B., 2000, Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1999--Volume 1. Missouri River Basin, Arkansas River Basin, and Rio Grande Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CO-99-1, 499 p.; 2 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCO991.","productDescription":"499 p.; 2 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5324,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/WDRCO991/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":181216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbd95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crowfoot, R.M.","contributorId":6116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowfoot","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unruh, J.W.","contributorId":105756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unruh","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ritz, G.F.","contributorId":69581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritz","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steger, R.D.","contributorId":78008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steger","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Neill, G. B.","contributorId":72450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":54212,"text":"wdrCO992 - 2000 - Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1999--Volume 2. Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:59","indexId":"wdrCO992","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CO-99-2","title":"Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1999--Volume 2. Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for Colorado for the 1999 water year consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of wells and springs. This report (Volumes 1 and 2) contains discharge records for 306 gaging stations, stage and contents of 15 lakes and reservoirs, discharge measurements for 1 partial-record low-flow station and 1 miscellaneous site, peak-flow information for 28 crest-stage partial-record stations; water quality for 109 gaging stations and for 8 lakes and reservoirs, supplemental water quality for 186 gaged sites; water quality for 53 miscellaneous sites and 14 observation wells; water levels for 2 observation wells, and meteorological data for 19 sites. Three pertinent stations operated by bordering States also are included in this report. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the direction of W.F. Horak, District Chief. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrCO992","usgsCitation":"Crowfoot, R., Unruh, J., Ritz, G., Boulger, R., and O’Neill, G.B., 2000, Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1999--Volume 2. Colorado River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CO-99-2, 492 p.; 2 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCO992.","productDescription":"492 p.; 2 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5325,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/WDRCO992/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":181943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbda0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crowfoot, R.M.","contributorId":6116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowfoot","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unruh, J.W.","contributorId":105756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unruh","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ritz, G.F.","contributorId":69581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritz","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boulger, R.W.","contributorId":86386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boulger","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Neill, G. B.","contributorId":72450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":45053,"text":"wri004140 - 2000 - A hydrologic primer for New Jersey watershed management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-29T11:23:52","indexId":"wri004140","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4140","title":"A hydrologic primer for New Jersey watershed management","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the N.J. Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), and many other agencies and organizations are striving to educate the public about New Jersey&rsquo;s water resources. In 1996, the NJDEP began implementing a &ldquo;watershed management approach&rdquo; to maintain the physical, chemical, and biological integrity of New Jersey&rsquo;s waters. This approach concentrates on managing individual watershed areas by (1) defining the physical geographic boundaries of the watersheds, (2) basing water policy on sound scientific principles, and (3) developing partnerships with the public--the people most affected by watershed-management policies.</p>\n<p>New Jersey can be divided into five water regions as defined by the NJDEP: the Northeast, Raritan, Northwest, Lower Delaware, and Atlantic Coastal water regions (fig. 1). Each water region has been divided into three to five &ldquo;watershed-management areas,&rdquo; each of which encompasses a particular group of major rivers (fig. 2a-e). Each watershed management area consists of many smaller watersheds.</p>\n<p>Hydrologic data collected by Federal and State government agencies are invaluable as resources to policymakers who make decisions that affect the use of water in a particular watershed. The purpose of this report is to educate water-resource managers, policymakers, government officials, and the public about hydrologic concepts and the water-resource data needed to make informed decisions about water-management issues. (&ldquo;Hydrologic&rdquo; means relating to the occurrence, distribution, movement, and chemistry of all waters of the Earth (Fetter, 1980)). The first part of the report describes basic hydrologic concepts and includes explanations of the hydrologic cycle, the water budget, the surfacewater and ground-water flow systems, water-quality concepts and standards, and water use. The second part of the report summarizes the types of waterresource data that are available from Federal and State government agencies. Instructions on how to obtain the data and contact the appropriate Federal and State agencies, as well as suggestions for additional reading, also are included.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri004140","usgsCitation":"Watt, M.K., 2000, A hydrologic primer for New Jersey watershed management: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4140, vi, 108 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004140.","productDescription":"vi, 108 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_2000_4140.jpg"},{"id":3908,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4140/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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,{"id":54625,"text":"wdrKS991 - 2000 - Water Resources Data, Kansas, Water Year 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:36","indexId":"wdrKS991","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"KS-99-1","title":"Water Resources Data, Kansas, Water Year 1999","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1999 water year for Kansas consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; elevation and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels of ground-water wells. This report contains records for water discharge at 143 gaging stations; elevation and contents at 19 watershed lakes and reservoirs; and water-level data at 19 observation wells; and records of specific conductance, pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity at 4 stations. Also included are data for 26 high-flow and 2 low-flow partial-record stations; and 2 chemical quality of precipitation stations. Miscellaneous onsite water-quality data were collected at 132 stations. These data represent that part of the National Water Information System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with State, local, and Federal agencies in Kansas.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrKS991","usgsCitation":"Putnam, J., Lacock, D., Schneider, D., and Carlson, M., 2000, Water Resources Data, Kansas, Water Year 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report KS-99-1, 466 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrKS991.","productDescription":"466 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177791,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5319,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ks.water.usgs.gov/Kansas/pubs/abstracts/data.rpt99.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb819","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Putnam, J.E.","contributorId":54634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putnam","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacock, D.L.","contributorId":20003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacock","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schneider, D.R.","contributorId":67579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlson, M.D.","contributorId":66288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":54357,"text":"wdrIA991 - 2000 - Water resources data, Iowa, water year 1999, volume 1. surface water--Mississippi River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-14T09:32:12","indexId":"wdrIA991","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"IA-99-1","title":"Water resources data, Iowa, water year 1999, volume 1. surface water--Mississippi River basin","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for water year 1999 for Iowa consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground water. This report, in two volumes, contains stage or discharge records for 123 gaging stations; stage or contents records for 10 lakes and reservoirs; water-quality records for 4 gaging stations; sediment records for 12 gaging stations; and water levels for 175 ground-water observation wells. Also included are peak-flow data for 93 crest-stage partial-record stations, water-quality data from 67 municipal wells, and precipitation data collected at 6 gaging stations and 2 precipitation sites. Additional water data were collected at various sites not included in the systematic data-collection program, and are published here as miscellaneous measurements and analyses. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating local, State, and Federal agencies in Iowa.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrIA991","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (Geological Survey Bureau), Iowa Department of Transportation, and with Federal agencies","usgsCitation":"Nalley, G., Gorman, J., Goodrich, R., Miller, V., Turco, M., and Linhart, S.M., 2000, Water resources data, Iowa, water year 1999, volume 1. surface water--Mississippi River basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report IA-99-1, xiv, 363 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrIA991.","productDescription":"xiv, 363 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1999/ia-99-1/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87875,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1999/ia-99-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":5468,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ia.water.usgs.gov/pubs/annualreports/1999/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.6806640625, 40.59727063442027 ], [ -92.801513671875, 40.79717741518769 ], [ -93.05419921875, 40.85537053192494 ], [ -93.328857421875, 40.95501133048619 ], [ -93.55957031249999, 40.97160353279909 ], [ -93.878173828125, 40.88860081193033 ], [ -94.185791015625, 41.062786068733026 ], [ -94.41650390625, 41.343824581185686 ], [ -94.68017578125, 41.566141964768384 ], [ -94.7900390625, 41.84501267270692 ], [ -94.98779296875, 42.22851735620852 ], [ -95.09765625, 42.415346114253616 ], [ -95.284423828125, 42.58544425738491 ], [ -95.350341796875, 42.68243539838623 ], [ -95.526123046875, 42.779275360241904 ], [ -95.38330078125, 42.98053954751642 ], [ -95.284423828125, 43.213183300738876 ], [ -95.185546875, 43.45291889355468 ], [ -95.218505859375, 43.50872101129684 ], [ -91.25244140624999, 43.52465500687188 ], [ -91.23046875, 43.37311218382002 ], [ -91.043701171875, 43.26920624914966 ], [ -91.175537109375, 43.12504316740127 ], [ -91.153564453125, 42.867912483915305 ], [ -91.065673828125, 42.755079545072135 ], [ -90.68115234375, 42.64204079304428 ], [ -90.648193359375, 42.52069952914966 ], [ -90.384521484375, 42.334184385939416 ], [ -90.384521484375, 42.25291778330197 ], [ -90.17578124999999, 42.10637370579324 ], [ -90.142822265625, 41.918628865183045 ], [ -90.17578124999999, 41.795888098191426 ], [ -90.296630859375, 41.705728515237524 ], [ -90.296630859375, 41.6154423246811 ], [ -90.46142578125, 41.52502957323801 ], [ -90.615234375, 41.475660200278234 ], [ -90.791015625, 41.46742831254428 ], [ -90.999755859375, 41.42625319507272 ], [ -91.12060546875, 41.21172151054787 ], [ -91.03271484375, 41.178653972331674 ], [ -90.977783203125, 41.178653972331674 ], [ -90.95581054687499, 41.054501963290505 ], [ -90.95581054687499, 40.93011520598305 ], [ -91.065673828125, 40.82212357516945 ], [ -91.131591796875, 40.622291783092706 ], [ -91.285400390625, 40.622291783092706 ], [ -91.373291015625, 40.54720023441049 ], [ -91.373291015625, 40.47202439692057 ], [ -91.38427734374999, 40.38002840251183 ], [ -91.5380859375, 40.43858586704328 ], [ -91.73583984374999, 40.58058466412764 ], [ -92.6806640625, 40.59727063442027 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697df5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nalley, G.M.","contributorId":23535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nalley","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorman, J.G.","contributorId":32233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goodrich, R.D.","contributorId":83995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodrich","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, V.E.","contributorId":43423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turco, M.J.","contributorId":63092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turco","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Linhart, S. M.","contributorId":102517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linhart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":54295,"text":"wdrMN991 - 2000 - Water Resources Data Minnesota Water Year 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:17","indexId":"wdrMN991","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MN-99-1","title":"Water Resources Data Minnesota Water Year 1999","docAbstract":"The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with State agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Minnesota each water year. These data, accumulated during many years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the USGS, the data are published annually in this report series entitled 'Water Resources Data - Minnesota.'\r\n\r\nWater-resources data for the 1999 water year (hereinafter 1999) for Minnesota consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; and stage of lakes and reservoirs; and water quality of ground water. This volume contains discharge records for 103 stream-gaging stations; stage for 11 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 13 stream-gaging stations; peak flow data for 87 high-flow partial-record stations; and 15 ground-water observation wells. These data represent a part of the National Water Data System collected by the USGS and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Minnesota.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMN991","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Division of Waters; the Minnesota Department of Transportation; and with other State, municipal, and Federal agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2000, Water Resources Data Minnesota Water Year 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MN-99-1, 37 p.; see online readme notes, https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMN991.","productDescription":"37 p.; see online readme notes","temporalStart":"1998-10-01","temporalEnd":"1999-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12233,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/infodata/ann-repts/annrpt99/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258743,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1999/mn-99-1/report.pdf","size":"31678","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1999/mn-99-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.25,43.5 ], [ -97.25,49.5 ], [ -89.5,49.5 ], [ -89.5,43.5 ], [ -97.25,43.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd255","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":54358,"text":"wdrIA992 - 2000 - Water resources data, Iowa, water year 1999, volume 2. surface water--Missouri River basin, and ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-14T09:36:12","indexId":"wdrIA992","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"IA-99-2","title":"Water resources data, Iowa, water year 1999, volume 2. surface water--Missouri River basin, and ground water","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for water year 1999 for Iowa consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground water. This report, in two volumes, contains stage or discharge records for 123 gaging stations; stage or contents records for 10 lakes and reservoirs; water-quality records for 4 gaging stations; sediment records for 12 gaging stations; and water levels for 175 ground-water observation wells. Also included are peak-flow data for 93 crest-stage partial-record stations, water-quality data from 67 municipal wells, and precipitation data collected at 6 gaging stations and 2 precipitation sites. Additional water data were collected at various sites not included in the systematic data-collection program, and are published here as miscellaneous measurements and analyses. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating local, State, and Federal agencies in Iowa.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrIA992","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (Geological Survey Bureau), Iowa Department of Transportation, and with Federal agencies","usgsCitation":"Nalley, G., Gorman, J., Goodrich, R., Miller, V., Turco, M., and Linhart, S.M., 2000, Water resources data, Iowa, water year 1999, volume 2. surface water--Missouri River basin, and ground water: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report IA-99-2, xviii, 256 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrIA992.","productDescription":"xviii, 256 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1999/ia-99-2/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87876,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1999/ia-99-2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":5469,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ia.water.usgs.gov/pubs/annualreports/1999/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.61376953125, 43.492782808225 ], [ -95.020751953125, 43.46886761482923 ], [ -94.8779296875, 43.13306116240612 ], [ -94.866943359375, 42.93229601903058 ], [ -95.174560546875, 42.66628070564928 ], [ -95.00976562499999, 42.08191667830631 ], [ -94.844970703125, 41.86956082699455 ], [ -94.47143554687499, 41.48389104267175 ], [ -94.163818359375, 41.07935114946899 ], [ -93.8232421875, 40.871987756697415 ], [ -93.438720703125, 41.0130657870063 ], [ -92.98828125, 40.863679665481676 ], [ -92.63671875, 40.57224011776902 ], [ -95.78979492187499, 40.58058466412764 ], [ -95.91064453125, 40.70562793820592 ], [ -95.877685546875, 40.85537053192494 ], [ -95.888671875, 41.054501963290505 ], [ -95.943603515625, 41.3025710943056 ], [ -95.965576171875, 41.4509614012039 ], [ -96.141357421875, 41.57436130598913 ], [ -96.097412109375, 41.77131167976407 ], [ -96.240234375, 42.01665183556825 ], [ -96.3720703125, 42.21224516288584 ], [ -96.427001953125, 42.42345651793833 ], [ -96.56982421875, 42.62587560259137 ], [ -96.65771484375, 42.71473218539458 ], [ -96.51489257812499, 42.97250158602597 ], [ -96.492919921875, 43.16512263158296 ], [ -96.624755859375, 43.22118973298753 ], [ -96.6357421875, 43.31718491566708 ], [ -96.558837890625, 43.33316939281732 ], [ -96.61376953125, 43.492782808225 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb852","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nalley, G.M.","contributorId":23535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nalley","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorman, J.G.","contributorId":32233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goodrich, R.D.","contributorId":83995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodrich","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, V.E.","contributorId":43423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turco, M.J.","contributorId":63092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turco","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Linhart, S. M.","contributorId":102517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linhart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":22773,"text":"ofr00345 - 2000 - A guide for the laboratory information management system (LIMS) for light stable isotopes--Versions 7 and 8","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:13","indexId":"ofr00345","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-345","title":"A guide for the laboratory information management system (LIMS) for light stable isotopes--Versions 7 and 8","docAbstract":"The reliability and accuracy of isotopic data can be improved by utilizing database software to (i) store\r\ninformation about samples, (ii) store the results of mass spectrometric isotope-ratio analyses of samples, (iii)\r\ncalculate analytical results using standardized algorithms stored in a database, (iv) normalize stable isotopic\r\ndata to international scales using isotopic reference materials, and (v) generate multi-sheet paper templates\r\nfor convenient sample loading of automated mass-spectrometer sample preparation manifolds. Such a\r\ndatabase program, the Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) for Light Stable Isotopes, is\r\npresented herein. Major benefits of this system include (i) a dramatic improvement in quality assurance, (ii)\r\nan increase in laboratory efficiency, (iii) a reduction in workload due to the elimination or reduction of\r\nretyping of data by laboratory personnel, and (iv) a decrease in errors in data reported to sample submitters.\r\nSuch a database provides a complete record of when and how often laboratory reference materials have\r\nbeen analyzed and provides a record of what correction factors have been used through time. It provides an\r\naudit trail for laboratories.\r\nLIMS for Light Stable Isotopes is available for both Microsoft Office 97 Professional and Microsoft\r\nOffice 2000 Professional as versions 7 and 8, respectively. Both source code (mdb file) and precompiled\r\nexecutable files (mde) are available.\r\nNumerous improvements have been made for continuous flow isotopic analysis in this version\r\n(specifically 7.13 for Microsoft Access 97 and 8.13 for Microsoft Access 2000). It is much easier to import\r\nisotopic results from Finnigan ISODAT worksheets, even worksheets on which corrections for amount of\r\nsample (linearity corrections) have been added. The capability to determine blank corrections using isotope\r\nmass balance from analyses of elemental analyzer samples has been added. It is now possible to calculate\r\nand apply drift corrections to isotopic data based on the time of day of analysis. Whereas Finnigan\r\nISODAT software is confined to using only a single peak for calculating delta values, LIMS now enables\r\none to use the mean of two or more reference injections during a continuous flow analysis to calculate delta\r\nvalues. This is useful with Finnigan?s GasBench II online sample preparation system. Concentrations of\r\ncarbon, nitrogen, and sulfur can be calculated based one or more isotopic reference materials analyzed with\r\na group of samples. Both sample data and isotopic analysis data can now be exported to Excel files. A\r\ncalculator for determining the amount of sample needed for isotopic analysis based on a previous amount of\r\nsample and continuous flow area is now an integral part of LIMS for Light Stable Isotopes. LIMS for Light\r\nStable Isotopes can now assign an error code to Finnigan elemental analyzer analyses in which one of the\r\nelectrometers has saturated due to analysis of too much sample material, giving rise to incorrect isotopic\r\nabundances. Information on downloading this report and downloading code and databases is provided at the\r\nInternet addresses: http://water.usgs.gov/software/geochemical.html or\r\nhttp://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/geochemical.html in the Eastern Hemisphere.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr00345","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Coplen, T.B., 2000, A guide for the laboratory information management system (LIMS) for light stable isotopes--Versions 7 and 8 (Revision of OFR 98-284): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-345, vi, 121 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00345.","productDescription":"vi, 121 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1504,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/software/lims.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Revision of OFR 98-284","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae5b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30780,"text":"cir1197 - 2000 - The materials flow of mercury in the economies of the United States and the world","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-23T14:01:33","indexId":"cir1197","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1197","title":"The materials flow of mercury in the economies of the United States and the world","docAbstract":"Although natural sources of mercury exist in the environment,\r\nmeasured data and modeling results indicate that the\r\namount of mercury released into the biosphere has increased\r\nsince the beginning of the industrial age. Mercury is naturally\r\ndistributed in the air, water, and soil in minute amounts, and can\r\nbe mobile within and between these media. Because of these\r\nproperties and the subsequent impacts on human health, mercury\r\nwas selected for an initial materials flow study, focusing on the\r\nUnited States in 1990.\r\nThis study was initiated to provide a current domestic and\r\ninternational analysis. As part of an increased emphasis on materials\r\nflow, this report researched changes and identified the associated\r\ntrends in mercury flows; it also updates statistics through\r\n1996. In addition to domestic flows, the report includes an international\r\nsection, because all primary mercury-producing mines\r\nare currently foreign, 86 percent of the mercury cell sector of the\r\nworldwide chlor-alkali industry is outside the United States, there\r\nis a large international mercury trade (1,395 t\r\n1\r\nin 1996), and environmental\r\nregulations are not uniform or similarly enforced from\r\ncountry to country.\r\nEnvironmental concerns have brought about numerous regulations\r\nthat have dramatically decreased both the use and the\r\nproduction of mercury since the late 1980?s. Our study indicates\r\nthat this trend is likely to continue into the future, as the world\r\neliminates the large mercury inventories that have been stockpiled\r\nto support prior industrial processes and products.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1197","usgsCitation":"Sznopek, J.L., and Goonan, T.G., 2000, The materials flow of mercury in the economies of the United States and the world: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1197, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1197.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2603,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2000/c1197/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ac92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sznopek, John L.","contributorId":23936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sznopek","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goonan, Thomas G. goonan@usgs.gov","contributorId":2761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goonan","given":"Thomas","email":"goonan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29691,"text":"wri994269 - 2000 - Ground-water quality in the Appalachian Plateaus, Kanawha River basin, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:57","indexId":"wri994269","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4269","title":"Ground-water quality in the Appalachian Plateaus, Kanawha River basin, West Virginia","docAbstract":"Water samples collected from 30 privately-owned and small public-supply wells in the Appalachian Plateaus of the Kanawha River Basin were analyzed for a wide range of constituents, including bacteria, major ions, nutrients, trace elements, radon, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds. Concentrations of most constituents from samples analyzed did not exceed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standards.\r\n\r\nConstituents that exceeded drinking-water standards in at least one sample were total coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli), iron, manganese, and sulfate. Total coliform bacteria were present in samples from five sites, and E. coli were present at only one site. USEPA secondary maximum contaminant levels (SMCLs) were exceeded for three constituents -- sulfate exceeded the SMCL of 250 mg/L (milligrams per liter) in samples from 2 of 30 wells; iron exceeded the SMCL of 300 ?g/L (micrograms per liter) in samples from 12 of the wells, and manganese exceeded the SMCL of 50 ?g/L in samples from 17 of the wells sampled.\r\n\r\nNone of the samples contained concentrations of nutrients that exceeded the USEPA maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for these constituents. The maximum concentration of nitrate detected was only 4.1 mg/L, which is below the MCL of 10 mg/L. Concentrations of nitrate in precipitation and shallow ground water are similar, potentially indicating that precipitation may be a source of nitrate in shallow ground water in the study area.\r\n\r\nRadon concentrations exceeded the recently proposed maximum contaminant level of 300 pCi/L at 50 percent of the sites sampled. The median concentration of radon was only 290 pCi/L. Radon-222 is a naturally occurring, carcinogenic, radioactive decay product of uranium. Concentrations, however, did not exceed the alternate maximum contaminant level (AMCL) for radon of 4,000 pCi/L in any of the 30 samples.\r\n\r\nArsenic concentrations exceeded the proposed MCL of 5?g/L at 4 of the 30 sites. No samples exceeded the current MCL of 50 ?g/L. \r\n\r\nNeither pesticides nor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were prevalent in the study area, and the concentrations of the compounds that were detected did not exceed any USEPA MCLs. Pesticides were detected in only two of the 30 wells sampled, but four pesticides -- atrazine, carbofuran, DCPA, and deethylatrazine -- were detected in one well; molinate was detected in the other well. All of the pesticides detected were at estimated concentrations of only 0.002 ?g/L. Of the VOCs detected, trihalomethane compounds (THMs), which can result from chlorination of a well, were the most common. THMs were detected in 13 of the 30 wells sampled. Gasoline by-products, such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX compounds) were detected in 10 of the 30 wells sampled. The maximum concentration of any of the VOCs detected in this study, however, was only 1.040 ?g/L, for the THM dichlorofluoromethane.\r\n\r\nWater samples from 25 of the wells were analyzed for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) to estimate the apparent age of ground water. The analyses indicated that age of water ranged from 10 to greater than 57 years, and that the age of ground water could be correlated with the topographic setting of the wells sampled. Thus the apparent age of water in wells on hilltops was youngest (median of 13 years) and that of water in wells in valleys was oldest (median of 42 years). Water from wells on hillsides was intermediate in age (median of 29 years). These data can be used to define contributing areas to wells, corroborate or revise conceptual ground-water flow models, estimate contaminant travel times from spills to other sources such as nearby domestic or public supply wells, and to manage point and nonpoint source activities that may affect critical aquifers.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994269","usgsCitation":"Sheets, C.J., and Kozar, M.D., 2000, Ground-water quality in the Appalachian Plateaus, Kanawha River basin, West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4269, v, 25 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994269.","productDescription":"v, 25 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2445,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri99-4269/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":159681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db667225","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheets, Charlynn J.","contributorId":43392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheets","given":"Charlynn","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kozar, Mark D. 0000-0001-7755-7657 mdkozar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7755-7657","contributorId":1963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozar","given":"Mark","email":"mdkozar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26373,"text":"wri004125 - 2000 - Benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages and their relations with environmental variables in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River drainages, California, 1993-1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:32","indexId":"wri004125","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4125","title":"Benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages and their relations with environmental variables in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River drainages, California, 1993-1997","docAbstract":"Data were collected in the San Joaquin and Sacramento river drainages to evaluate associations between macroinvertebrate assemblages and environmental variables as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Samples were collected at 53 sites from 1993 to 1995 in the San Joaquin River drainage and in 1996 and 1997 in the Sacramento River drainage. Macroinvertebrates were collected from riffles or from large woody debris (snags) when riffles were absent. Macroinvertebrate taxa were aggregated to the family (or higher) level of taxonomic organization, resulting in 81 taxa for analyses. Only the 50 most common taxa were used for two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and canonical correspondence analysis. TWINSPAN analysis defined four groups of riffle samples and four groups of snag samples based on macroinvertebrate assemblages. Analysis of variance identified differences in environmental and biotic characteristics of the groups. These results combined with the results of canonical correspondence analysis indicated that patterns in riffle sample assemblage structure were highly correlated with a gradient in physical and chemical conditions associated with elevation. The results also suggested that flow regulation associated with large storage reservoirs has negative effects on the total number of taxa and density of macroinvertebrates below foothill dams. Analysis of the snag samples showed that, although elevation remained a significant variable, mean dominant substrate size, gradient, specific conductance, water temperature, percentage of the basin in agricultural land use, and percentage of the basin in combined agricultural and urban land uses were more important factors in explaining assemblage structure. Macroinvertebrate assemblages on snags may be useful in family level bioassessments of environmental conditions in valley floor habitats. In the Sierra Nevada and its foothills, the strong influence of elevation made it difficult to attribute differences in macroinvertebrate assemblage structure among sites to specific environmental conditions. Additional work is needed in the foothills and Sierra Nevada to better define macroinvertebrate assemblages and their relations to environmental variables.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri004125","usgsCitation":"Brown, L.R., and May, J., 2000, Benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages and their relations with environmental variables in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River drainages, California, 1993-1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4125, vi, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004125.","productDescription":"vi, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95599,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4125/report.pdf","size":"2991","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4125/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627d6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":14791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":25886,"text":"wri004120 - 2000 - Ground-water quality atlas of Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T19:06:01","indexId":"wri004120","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4120","title":"Ground-water quality atlas of Oakland County, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with Oakland County Health Division (OCHD), collected 140 water samples from 38 wells in Oakland County during 1998 to better understand ground-water quality. OCHD had observed temporal variations in concentrations of various constituents, so two additional sets of samples were collected to evaluate potential short-term variability related to sample collection procedures and long-term seasonal variability. Replicate samples from 28 wells were analyzed in the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) Drinking Water Laboratory to compare MDEQ&rsquo;s analytical results to those obtained from the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory. Several additional databases describing population, land use, water supply, soils, geology, and flows of ground water and surface water are presented in the first part of the report to assist in interpreting the water-quality data. Maps created from these databases are provided in the first portion of the report as an extension of the study-area description.</p>\n<p>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has established Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCL) and Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels (SMCL) for which samples were analyzed in this study. Water from the 38 wells sampled by the USGS did not exceed the SMCL or MCL for sulfate, fluoride, or nitrite. However, water from 26 wells exceeded the SMCL for iron, water from 12 wells exceeded the SMCL for manganese, and water from 12 wells exceeded the SMCL for dissolved solids. Water from two wells exceeded the MCL for nitrate, although nitrate concentrations in water from most wells was below the detection limit. Water from seven wells exceeded the SMCL for chloride, and water from all wells contained detectable concentrations of chloride. Water from five wells exceeded the MCL for arsenic, and most of the wells sampled contained detectable concentrations of arsenic. These five wells were identified from previous MDEQ analyses to have elevated arsenic concentrations, and were sampled to obtain additional chemistry information. Replicate samples were collected from 26 of the 38 wells for analysis at the MDEQ Drinking-Water Laboratory to compare the results with the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory. The results of the replicate analyses indicate close agreement between the laboratories, with mean differences for nitrate, chloride, and arsenic of 0.10 milligrams per liter (mg/L) as nitrogen, 6.8 mg/L, and 0.0008 mg/L, respectively between the USGS and MDEQ analyses. Potential health effects associated with ingesting nitrate, chloride, and arsenic are provided with the water-quality data, along with references for further information.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri004120","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oakland County Health Division","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., 2000, Ground-water quality atlas of Oakland County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4120, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004120.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri004120.JPG"},{"id":2089,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri004120","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Oakland County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-83.4546,42.8798],[-83.2227,42.887],[-83.1025,42.8884],[-83.0986,42.801],[-83.0905,42.6238],[-83.0867,42.5355],[-83.0843,42.4463],[-83.3264,42.4416],[-83.4403,42.4393],[-83.553,42.4351],[-83.6669,42.4312],[-83.6733,42.5196],[-83.6863,42.7822],[-83.6902,42.871],[-83.5737,42.8744],[-83.4541,42.8766],[-83.4546,42.8798]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Oakland\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}\n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66736d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":195424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23771,"text":"ofr00416 - 2000 - Forecasting selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary: Ecological effects of a proposed San Luis drain extension","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":23771,"text":"ofr00416 - 2000 - Forecasting selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary: Ecological effects of a proposed San Luis drain extension","indexId":"ofr00416","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Forecasting selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary: Ecological effects of a proposed San Luis drain extension"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":76970,"text":"pp1646 - 2006 - Forecasting selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary: Ecological effects of a proposed San Luis Drain extension","indexId":"pp1646","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Forecasting selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary: Ecological effects of a proposed San Luis Drain extension"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":76970,"text":"pp1646 - 2006 - Forecasting selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary: Ecological effects of a proposed San Luis Drain extension","indexId":"pp1646","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Forecasting selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary: Ecological effects of a proposed San Luis Drain extension"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-26T19:25:12","indexId":"ofr00416","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-416","title":"Forecasting selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary: Ecological effects of a proposed San Luis drain extension","docAbstract":"During the next few years, federal and state agencies may be required to evaluate proposals and discharge permits that could significantly change selenium (Se) inputs to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary (Bay-Delta), particularly in the North Bay (i.e., Suisun Bay and San Pablo Bay). These decisions may include discharge requirements for an extension of the San Luis Drain (SLD) to the estuary to convey subsurface agricultural drainage from the western San Joaquin Valley (SJV), a renewal of an agreement to allow the existing portion of the SLD to convey subsurface agricultural drainage to a tributary of the San Joaquin River (SJR) (coincident with changes in flow patterns of the lower SJR), and refinements to promulgated Se criteria for the protection of aquatic life for the estuary.\r\rUnderstanding the biotransfer of Se is essential to evaluating the fate and impact of proposed changes in Se discharges to the Bay-Delta. However, past monitoring programs have not addressed the specific protocols necessary for an element that bioaccumulates. Confusion about Se threats in the past have stemmed from failure to consider the full complexity of the processes that result in Se toxicity. Past studies show that predators are more at risk from Se contamination than their prey, making it difficult to use traditional methods to predict risk from environmental concentrations alone. In this report, we employ a novel procedure to model the fate of Se under different, potentially realistic load scenarios from the SJV. For each potential load, we progressively forecast the resulting environmental concentrations, speciation, transformation to particulate form, bioaccumulation by invertebrates, trophic transfer to predators, and effects in those predators. Enough is known to establish a first order understanding of effects should Se be discharged directly into the North Bay via a conveyance such as the SLD.\r\rOur approach uses 1) existing knowledge concerning the biogeochemical reactions of Se (e.g., speciation, partitioning between dissolved and particulate forms, and bivalve assimilation efficiency) and 2) site-specific data mainly from 1986 to 1996 on clams and bottom-feeding fish and birds. Forecasts of Se loading from oil refineries and agricultural drainage from the SJV enable the calculation of a composite freshwater endmember Se concentration at the head of the estuary and at Carquinez Strait as a foundation for modeling. Our analysis of effects also takes into account the mode of conveyance for agricultural drainage (i.e., the SLD or SJR). The effects of variable flows on a seasonal or monthly basis from the Sacramento River and SJR are also considered.\r\rThe results of our forecasts for external SJV watershed sources of Se mirror predictions made since 1955 of a worsening salt (and by inference, Se) buildup exacerbated by the arid climate and irrigation for agricultural use. We show that the reservoir of Se in the SJV is sufficient to provide loading at an annual rate of approximately 42,500 pounds (lbs) of Se to a Bay-Delta disposal point for 63 to 304 years at the lower range of our projections, even if influx of Se from the California Coast Ranges could be curtailed. Disposal of wastewaters on an annual basis outside of the SJV may slow the degradation of valley resources, but drainage alone cannot alleviate the salt and Se buildup in the SJV, at least within a century.\r\rOur forecasts show the different proportions of Se loading to the Bay-Delta. Oil refinery loads from 1986 to 1992 ranged from 11 to 15 lbs Se per day; with treatment and cleanup, loads decreased to 3 lbs Se per day in 1999. In contrast, SJV agricultural drainage loads could range from of 45 to 117 lbs Se per day across a set of reasonable conditions. Components of this valley-wide load include five source subareas (i.e., Grassland, Westlands, Tulare, Kern, and Northern) based on water and drainage management. Loads vary per subarea mainly because of proximity of the s","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","doi":"10.3133/ofr00416","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Luoma, S.N., and Presser, T.S., 2000, Forecasting selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary: Ecological effects of a proposed San Luis drain extension: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-416, HTML, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00416.","productDescription":"HTML","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1779,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/ofr00-416/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California ","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.1842041015625,\n              37.16907157713011\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.89355468749999,\n              37.16907157713011\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.89355468749999,\n              38.44498466889473\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.1842041015625,\n              38.44498466889473\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.1842041015625,\n              37.16907157713011\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de3ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":190691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Presser, Theresa S. 0000-0001-5643-0147 tpresser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5643-0147","contributorId":2467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"Theresa","email":"tpresser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":190692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29597,"text":"wri004206 - 2000 - Potentiometric surfaces of aquifers in the Cockfield Formation in southeastern Arkansas and the Wilcox Group in southern and northeastern Arkansas, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-11T21:41:56.266764","indexId":"wri004206","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4206","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of aquifers in the Cockfield Formation in southeastern Arkansas and the Wilcox Group in southern and northeastern Arkansas, 2000","docAbstract":"The Cockfield and lower Wilcox aquifers are sources of water for local use in southern and northeastern Arkansas, where in 1995 more than 51 million gallons per day of water was withdrawn. During January through April 2000, 54 water-level measurements were made in wells completed in the Cockfield aquifer, 13 water-level measurements were made in wells completed in the lower Wilcox aquifer in southern Arkansas, and 43 water-level measurements were made in wells completed in the lower Wilcox aquifer in northeastern Arkansas. The potentiometric surface data reveal spatial trends in both aquifers across the study areas.\r\n\r\nThe regional direction of ground-water flow of the Cockfield aquifer is generally toward the east and south, away from the outcrop area, except in areas of intense ground-water withdrawals. The configuration of the potentiometric surface indicates that heavy pumpage has probably altered or reversed the natural direction of flow in these areas. A potentiometric low caused by the pumpage near Greenville, Mississippi, extends into Chicot, Desha, and Drew Counties. Water levels in five wells showed average declines between 0.5 and 0.8 foot per year.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe regional direction of ground-water flow in the lower Wilcox aquifers is generally east and south, away from the outcrop, except in areas of intense ground-water withdrawals. Potentiometric depressions, where flow is toward centers of pumping, indicate that heavy pumpage has probably altered or reversed the natural direction of flow. Two potentiometric depressions are centered in the vicinity of Paragould and West Memphis, Arkansas, where ground-water withdrawals probably have altered the natural direction of flow. Long-term hydrographs of seven wells show water-level declines in the lower Wilcox aquifer in northeastern Arkansas. The average water-level decline in two wells was between 0.8 and 1.0 foot per year and in five wells was between 1.2 and 1.8 foot per year.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri004206","usgsCitation":"Schrader, T.P., and Joseph, R.L., 2000, Potentiometric surfaces of aquifers in the Cockfield Formation in southeastern Arkansas and the Wilcox Group in southern and northeastern Arkansas, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4206, Report: iii, 22 p.; 3 Plates: 24.85 x 16.73 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004206.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 22 p.; 3 Plates: 24.85 x 16.73 inches or 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Arkansas","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":95768,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4206/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":95767,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4206/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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,{"id":6843,"text":"fs12899 - 1999 - Phosphorus loads entering Long Pond, a small embayment of Lake Ontario near Rochester, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-28T12:42:36.375161","indexId":"fs12899","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-27T13:55:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"128-99","displayTitle":"Phosphorus Loads Entering Long Pond, A Small Embayment of Lake Ontario near Rochester, New York","title":"Phosphorus loads entering Long Pond, a small embayment of Lake Ontario near Rochester, New York","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>Long Pond is one of many small, shallow embayments along the southern edge of Lake Ontario (fig. 1). These embayments are an important recreational resource and wildlife habitat; thus, maintaining their natural state is essential to their continued use. In recent decades, Long Pond and the adjacent Cranberry Pond have become hypereutrophic (overly enriched with nutrients) (Makarewicz and others, 1990) as a result of nitrogen and phosphorus transported to those waters by Northrup Creek from sources within the drainage basin.</p><p>In 1989, the Monroe County Department of Health and the Town of Greece, in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), began a water-quality-monitoring program on Northrup Creek near North Greece at a site of a gaging station about 5 mi north (downstream) of the Village of Spencerport and the Spencerport wastewater-treatment plant. The program included the collection of water samples from October 1989 through September 1998 for chemical analysis and the collection of streamflow data for use in calculating phosphorus loads at the site. This fact sheet addresses the issue of concentration and loads of phosphorus in Northrup Creek, the principal tributary to Long Pond.</p><p>Northrup Creek begins just south of the Village of Spencerport in Monroe County and flows northward into Long Pond. It drains a total of 23.5 mi2 in the towns of Ogden, Parma, and Greece (fig. 1). The drainage basin contains agricultural land, housing developments, and a small amount of urban land (table 1).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs12899","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Monroe County Department of Health","usgsCitation":"Sherwood, D.A., 1999, Phosphorus loads entering Long Pond, a small embayment of Lake Ontario near Rochester, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 128-99, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs12899.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0128/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":861,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0128/fs12899.pdf","text":"Report","size":"184 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 128-99"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Rochester","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.11279296875,\n              42.87596410238256\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.9921875,\n              42.87596410238256\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.9921875,\n              43.45291889355465\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.11279296875,\n              43.45291889355465\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.11279296875,\n              42.87596410238256\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_ny@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_ny@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ny-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ny-water\">New York Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>425 Jordan Road<br>Troy, NY 12180–8349</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Phosphorus in Surface Waters</li><li>Phosphorus in Northrup Creek</li><li>Phosphorus in Long Pond</li><li>Conclusions</li><li>Selected References</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db687468","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherwood, Donald A.","contributorId":103267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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