A new Bouguer gravity anomaly map compiled for western Africa adds data for Ghana, Guinea, and Liberia.The new data add detail to a key part of the Eburnean shield and assist in the development of a model of rifting at the time of the Eburnean orogeny, 2000 million years ago. This model includes a framework for the deposition of the region's mineral deposits. The model and existing field data can be used to guide future minerals exploration in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Institute","doi":"10.1190/1.1441534","usgsCitation":"Hastings, D.A., 1983, An updated Bouguer anomaly map of south-central West Africa: Geophysics, v. 48, no. 8, p. 1120-1128, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1441534.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1120","endPage":"1128","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Africa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -18.45703125,\n -35.02999636902566\n ],\n [\n -18.45703125,\n 35.17380831799959\n ],\n [\n 51.85546874999999,\n 35.17380831799959\n ],\n [\n 51.85546874999999,\n -35.02999636902566\n ],\n [\n -18.45703125,\n -35.02999636902566\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b31e4b08de9379b32a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hastings, David A.","contributorId":138985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hastings","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011366,"text":"70011366 - 1983 - Objective procedures for lineament enhancement and extraction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:43:51","indexId":"70011366","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Objective procedures for lineament enhancement and extraction","docAbstract":"A longterm research goal at EROS Data Center is to develop automated, objective procedures for lineament mapping. In support of this goal, a five-step digital convolution procedure has been used to produce directionally enhanced images, which contain few artifacts and little noise. The main limitation of this procedure is that little enhancement of lineaments occurs in dissected terrain, in shadowed areas, and in flat areas with a uniform land cover. The directional enhancement procedure can be modified to extract edge and line segments from an image. Any of various decision rules can then be used to connect the line segments and to produce a final lineament map. The result is an interpretive map, but one that is based on an objective extraction of lineament components by digital processing. -from Authors","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Moore, G.K., and Waltz, F., 1983, Objective procedures for lineament enhancement and extraction: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 49, no. 5, p. 641-647.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"641","endPage":"647","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":221230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6a27e4b0c8380cd7401b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, G. K.","contributorId":67550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waltz, F. A.","contributorId":44034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waltz","given":"F. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011567,"text":"70011567 - 1983 - The granite problem as exposed in the southern Snake Range, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:33","indexId":"70011567","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The granite problem as exposed in the southern Snake Range, Nevada","docAbstract":"A geochemically and mineralogically diverse group of granitoids is present within an area of 900 km2 in the southern Snake Range of eastern Nevada. The granitoids exposed range in age from Jurassic through Cretaceous to Oligocene and include two calcic intrusions, two different types of two-mica granites, and aplites. The younger intrusions appear to have been emplaced at progressively more shallow depths. All of these granitoid types are represented elsewhere in the eastern Great Basin, but the southern Snake Range is distinguished by the grouping of all these types within a relatively small area. The Jurassic calcic pluton of the Snake Creek-Williams Canyon area displays large and systematic chemical and mineralogical zonation over a horizontal distance of five km. Although major element variations in the pluton compare closely with Daly's average andesite-dacite-rhyolite over an SiO2 range of 63 to 76 percent, trace element (Rb, Sr, Ba) variations show that the zonation is the result of in situ fractional crystallization, with the formation of relatively mafic cumulates on at least one wall of the magma chamber. Models of trace element and isotopic data indicate that relatively little assimilation took place at the level of crystallization. Nonetheless, an initial 87Sr/86Sr value of 0.7071 and ??18O values of 10.2 to 12.2 permil suggest a lower crustal magma that was contaminated by upper crustal clastic sedimentary rocks before crystallization. The involvement of mantle-derived magmas in its genesis is difficult to rule out. Two other Jurassic plutons show isotopic and chemical similarities to the Snake Creek-Williams Canyon pluton. Cretaceous granites from eastern Nevada that contain phenocrystic muscovite are strongly peraluminous, and have high initial Sr-isotope ratios and other features characteristic of S-type granitoids. They were probably derived from Proterozoic metasediments and granite gneisses that comprise the middle crust of this region. Another group of granitoids (including the Tertiary aplites) show chemical, mineralogic, and isotopic characteristics intermediate between the first two groups and may have been derived by contamination of magmas from the lower crust by the midcrustal metasediments. ?? 1983 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00373083","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Lee, D.E., and Christiansen, E.H., 1983, The granite problem as exposed in the southern Snake Range, Nevada: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 83, no. 1-2, p. 99-116, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00373083.","startPage":"99","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205101,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00373083"}],"volume":"83","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac94e4b08c986b3235c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, D. E.","contributorId":96705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christiansen, E. H.","contributorId":65077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011288,"text":"70011288 - 1983 - A mechanism to explain the generation of earthquake lights","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:31","indexId":"70011288","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A mechanism to explain the generation of earthquake lights","docAbstract":"Explanations of how earthquake lights might arise have failed to show how large charge densities can be concentrated and sustained in a conductive Earth. A physical model is proposed, based on frictional heating of the fault, that solves this and related problems. ?? 1983 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/302028a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Lockner, D., Johnston, M., and Byerlee, J., 1983, A mechanism to explain the generation of earthquake lights: Nature, v. 302, no. 5903, p. 28-33, https://doi.org/10.1038/302028a0.","startPage":"28","endPage":"33","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205094,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/302028a0"}],"volume":"302","issue":"5903","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e44be4b0c8380cd46571","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lockner, D.A. 0000-0001-8630-6833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":85603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, M.J.S. 0000-0003-4326-8368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":104889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byerlee, J.D.","contributorId":69982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byerlee","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011216,"text":"70011216 - 1983 - Helium isotopic variations in volcanic rocks from Loihi Seamount and the Island of Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-26T21:56:15.70588","indexId":"70011216","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Helium isotopic variations in volcanic rocks from Loihi Seamount and the Island of Hawaii","docAbstract":"Helium isotopic ratios ranging from 20 to 32 times the atmospheric 3He 4He(RA) have been observed in a suite of 15 basaltic glasses from the Loihi Seamount. These ratios, which are up to four times higher than those of MORB glasses and more than twice those of nearby Kilauea, are strongly suggestive of a primitive source of volatiles supplying this volcanism. The Loihi glasses measured span a broad compositional range, and the 3He/4He ratios were found to be generally lower for the alkali basalts than for the tholeiites. The component with a lower 3He 4He ratio appears to be associated with olivine xenocrysts, within which fluid inclusions are probably the carrier of contaminant helium. One Loihi sample has a much lower isotopic ratio (<5 RA), but a combination of low He concentration, high vesicularity, and presence of cracks lined with clay minerals suggests that the low ratio is due to gas loss and contamination by atmospheric helium. Crushing and melting experiments show that for modest vesicularities (<5% by volume) the Loihi glasses obey a MORB-type partitioning trend, but at higher vesicularities the data show considerably more scatter due to volatile mobilization. The high vesicularities, low extrusion pressure and generally low helium concentrations are consistent with a considerable degree of degassing. Analyses of dunites, plus a correlation between total helium concentrations with xenocryst abundances also suggest that xenocrysts are a significant carrier of contaminating (low 3He 4He) helium. 3He 4He ratios from samples of other Hawaiian volcanoes (Kilauea, Mauna Loa, Hualalai, and Mauna Kea) show a smooth decrease in 3He 4He with increasing volcano age and volume. We interpret this to be a synoptic picture of the time evolution of a hot-spot diapir: the earliest stage is characterized by primitive (> 30 RA) helium with some (variable) component of lithospheric contamination added during \"breakthrough\", while the later stages are characterized by a relaxation toward lithospheric 3He 4He ratios (??? 8 RA) due to isolation of the diapir from the mantle below (as the plate moves on), and subsequent mining of the inherited helium and contamination from the surrounding lithosphere. The abrupt contrast in 3He 4He ratios between Kilauea and Loihi, despite their close proximity, is indicative of the small lateral extent of the plume. ?? 1983.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(83)90154-1","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Kurz, M., Jenkins, W., Hart, S., and Clague, D., 1983, Helium isotopic variations in volcanic rocks from Loihi Seamount and the Island of Hawaii: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 66, no. C, p. 388-406, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(83)90154-1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"388","endPage":"406","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.62109374999997,\n 18.812717856407776\n ],\n [\n -154.522705078125,\n 18.812717856407776\n ],\n [\n -154.522705078125,\n 20.354927584117682\n ],\n [\n -156.62109374999997,\n 20.354927584117682\n ],\n [\n -156.62109374999997,\n 18.812717856407776\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3040e4b0c8380cd5d4a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurz, M.D.","contributorId":66845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurz","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenkins, W.J.","contributorId":101385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, S.R.","contributorId":70921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clague, David","contributorId":86388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70011328,"text":"70011328 - 1983 - Thermal decarboxylation of acetic acid: Implications for origin of natural gas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-19T15:46:16.412696","indexId":"70011328","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal decarboxylation of acetic acid: Implications for origin of natural gas","docAbstract":"Laboratory experiments on the thermal decarboxylation of solutions of acetic acid at 200°C and 300°C were carried out in hydrothermal equipment allowing for on-line sampling of both the gas and liquid phases for chemical and stable-carbon-isotope analyses. The solutions had ambient pH values between 2.5 and 7.1; pH values and the concentrations of the various acetate species at the conditions of the experiments were computed using a chemical model.
Results show that the concentrations of acetic acid, and not total acetate in solution, control the reaction rates which follow a first order equation based on decreasing concentrations of acetic acid with time. The decarboxylation rates at 200°C (1.81 × 10−8 per second) and 300°C (8.17 × 10−8 per second) and the extrapolated rates at lower temperatures are relatively high. The activation energy of decarboxylation is only 8.1 kcal/mole. These high decarboxylation rates, together with the distribution of short-chained aliphatic acid anions in formation waters, support the hypothesis that acid anions are precursors for an important portion of natural gas.
Results of the δ13C values of CO2, CH4, and total acetate show a reasonably constant fractionation factor of about 20 permil between CO2 and CH4 at 300°C. The δ13C values of CO2 and CH4 are initially low and become higher as decarboxylation increases.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(83)90262-4","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Kharaka, Y., Carothers, W., and Rosenbauer, R., 1983, Thermal decarboxylation of acetic acid: Implications for origin of natural gas: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 47, no. 3, p. 397-402, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(83)90262-4.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"397","endPage":"402","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221747,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb21ce4b08c986b3255de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kharaka, Y.K.","contributorId":23568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Y.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carothers, W.W.","contributorId":43803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carothers","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenbauer, R.J.","contributorId":37320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbauer","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011245,"text":"70011245 - 1983 - Landslide risk assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:28","indexId":"70011245","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landslide risk assessment","docAbstract":"Landslide risk can be assessed by evaluating geological conditions associated with past events. A sample of 2,4 16 slides from urban areas in West Virginia, each with 12 associated geological factors, has been analyzed using SAS computer methods. In addition, selected data have been normalized to account for areal distribution of rock formations, soil series, and slope percents. Final calculations yield landslide risk assessments of <0.50=low risk, 0.50 to 1.50=moderate risk, and >1.50=high risk. The simplicity of the method provides for a rapid, initial assessment prior to financial investment. However, it does not replace on-site investigations, nor excuse poor construction. ?? 1983 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF02381102","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Lessing, P., Messina, C., and Fonner, R., 1983, Landslide risk assessment: Environmental Geology, v. 5, no. 2, p. 93-99, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02381102.","startPage":"93","endPage":"99","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205120,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381102"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4433e4b0c8380cd6693a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lessing, P.","contributorId":90038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lessing","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Messina, C.P.","contributorId":35462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Messina","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fonner, R.F.","contributorId":37069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fonner","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26859,"text":"wri834094 - 1983 - Impact of changes in land use on the ground-water system in the Sequim-Dungeness Peninsula, Clallam County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-14T20:43:18.101534","indexId":"wri834094","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4094","title":"Impact of changes in land use on the ground-water system in the Sequim-Dungeness Peninsula, Clallam County, Washington","docAbstract":"A digital-computer model was developed to simulate three-dimensional ground-water flow in aquifers underlying the Sequim-Dungeness peninsula, Clallam County, Washington. Analysis using the model shows that leakage from irrigation ditches is the area 's most important source of ground-water recharge. Termination of the irrigation system would lead to lower heads throughout the ground-water system. After 10-20 years of no irrigation, the water-table aquifer would have average drawdowns of about 20 feet and some areas would become completely unsaturated. Several hundred wells could be in danger of going dry. If irrigation were terminated, leakage from the Dungeness River would become the major source of ground-water recharge. As of June 1980, ground-water quality has apparently not been affected in the study area by the use of on-site domestic sewage-disposal systems. The median nitrate-plus-nitrite (as N) concentration in the water-table aquifer was 0.25 milligrams per liter, and the maximum concentration was 2.5 milligrams per liter.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri834094","usgsCitation":"Drost, B., 1983, Impact of changes in land use on the ground-water system in the Sequim-Dungeness Peninsula, Clallam County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4094, viii, 69 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834094.","productDescription":"viii, 69 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414134,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35720.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55747,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4094/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123302,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4094/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Clallam County","otherGeospatial":"Sequim-Dungeness Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.267,\n 48.167\n ],\n [\n -123.267,\n 48.043\n ],\n [\n -123.033,\n 48.043\n ],\n [\n -123.033,\n 48.167\n ],\n [\n -123.267,\n 48.167\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c4ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drost, B. W.","contributorId":38526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"B. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011265,"text":"70011265 - 1983 - Noble gas systematics for coexisting glass and olivine crystals in basalts and dunite xenoliths from Loihi Seamount","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-10T22:04:49.183163","indexId":"70011265","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Noble gas systematics for coexisting glass and olivine crystals in basalts and dunite xenoliths from Loihi Seamount","docAbstract":"Noble gas isotopes including 3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar and Xe isotope ratios were determined for coexisting glass and olivine crystals in tholeiitic and alkalic basalts and dunite xenoliths from Loihi Seamount.
Glass and coexisting olivine crystals have similar 3He/4He ratios (2.8–3.4) × 10−5, 20 to 24 times the atmospheric ratio (RA), but different 40Ar/36Ar ratios (400–1000). Based on the results of noble gas isotope ratios and microscopic observation, some olivine crystals are xenocrysts. We conclude that He is equilibrated between glass and olivine xenocrysts, but Ar is not.
The apparent high 3He/4He ratio (3 × 10−5; = 21 RA) coupled with a relatively high 40Ar/36Ar ratio (4200) for dunite xenoliths (KK 17-5) may be explained by equilibration of He between MORB-type cumulates and the host magma.
Except for the dunite xenoliths, noble gas data for these Loihi samples are compatible with a model in which samples from hot spot areas may be explained by mixing between P (plume)-type and M (MORB)-type components with the addition of A (atmosphere)-type component.
Excess 129Xe has not been observed due to apparent large mass fractionation among Xe isotopes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(83)90156-5","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Kaneoka, I., Takaoka, N., and Clague, D., 1983, Noble gas systematics for coexisting glass and olivine crystals in basalts and dunite xenoliths from Loihi Seamount: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 66, no. C, p. 427-437, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(83)90156-5.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"437","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220825,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6722e4b0c8380cd731cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaneoka, I.","contributorId":77298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaneoka","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takaoka, N.","contributorId":51017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takaoka","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clague, D.A.","contributorId":36129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70140556,"text":"70140556 - 1983 - Synthesis of geophysical data with space-acquired imagery: a review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-14T16:41:05","indexId":"70140556","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":661,"text":"Advances in Space Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synthesis of geophysical data with space-acquired imagery: a review","docAbstract":"Geophysical data obtained from ground and airborne platforms have been used in the development of regional geologic models for many years. Space-acquired data and imagery have a shorter but similar history of applications. All these data may be synthesized either manually or digitally. Manual synthesis methods consist of overlaying and comparing maps, whereas digital synthesis methods consist of computer storage and analysis of registered digital data sets.
\nA data base may include topographic, geologic, soils, aeromagnetic, gravity, radiometric, electromagnetic and geochemical data, and Landsat, Seasat, and Heat Capacity Mapping Mission (HCMM) images, all of which can be evaluated individually or compared in multiple layers (overlays).
\nStereographic models, useful in the correlation and interpretation of geophysical data, have been created from Landsat images by using aeromagnetic, gravity, geochemical, or topographic values to offset Landsat pixels, thus introducing parallax and permitting stereoscopic viewing.
\nStatistical correlation has been used to determine the applicability of specific data sets to the development of geologic or exploration models. Various arithmetic functions have proven useful in developing models from such data sets.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0273-1177(83)90116-3","usgsCitation":"Hastings, D.A., 1983, Synthesis of geophysical data with space-acquired imagery: a review: Advances in Space Research, v. 3, no. 2, p. 157-168, https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(83)90116-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"168","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c67e4b08de9379b379a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hastings, David A.","contributorId":138985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hastings","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1001454,"text":"1001454 - 1983 - Avian associations of the northern Great Plains grasslands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-16T22:30:34.748652","indexId":"1001454","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian associations of the northern Great Plains grasslands","docAbstract":"The grassland region of the northern Great Plains was divided into six broad subregions by application of an avian indicator species analysis to data obtained from 582 sample plots censused during the breeding season. Common, ubiquitous species and rare species had little classificatory value and were eliminated from the data set used to derive the avian associations. Initial statistical division of the plots likely reflected structure of the dominant plant species used for nesting; later divisions probably were related to foraging or nesting cover requirements based on vegetation height or density, habitat heterogeneity, or possibly to the existence of mutually similar distributions or shared areas of greater than average abundance for certain groups of species. Knowledge of the effects of grazing, mostly by cattle, on habitat use by the breeding bird species was used to interpret the results of the indicator species analysis. Moderate grazing resulted in greater species richness in nearly all subregions; effects of grazing on total bird density were more variable.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/2844742","usgsCitation":"Kantrud, H., and Kologiski, R., 1983, Avian associations of the northern Great Plains grasslands: Journal of Biogeography, v. 10, p. 331-350, https://doi.org/10.2307/2844742.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"350","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133636,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a91e4b07f02db656b12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kantrud, H.A.","contributorId":28553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kantrud","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kologiski, R.L.","contributorId":28213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kologiski","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011210,"text":"70011210 - 1983 - Two classes of volcanic plumes on Io","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T13:57:31","indexId":"70011210","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two classes of volcanic plumes on Io","docAbstract":"Comparison of Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 images of the south polar region of Io has revealed that a major volcanic eruption occured there during the period between the two spacecraft encounters. An annular deposit ∼1400 km in diameter formed around the Aten Patera caldera (311°W, 48°S), the floor of which changed from orange to red-black. The characteristics of this eruption are remarkably similar to those described earlier for an eruption centered on Surt caldera (338°W, 45°N) that occured during the same period, also at high latitude, but in the north. Both volcanic centers were evidently inactive during the Voyager 1 and 2 encounters but were active sometime between the two. The geometric and colorimetric characteristics, as well as scale of the two annular deposits, are virtually identical; both resemble the surface features formed by the eruption of Pele (255°W, 18°S). These three very large plume eruptions suggest a class of eruption distinct from that of six smaller plumes observed to be continously active by both Voyagers 1 and 2. The smaller plumes, of which Prometheus is the type example, are longer-lived, deposit bright, whitish material, erupt at velocities of ∼0.5 km sec−1, and are concentrated at low latitudes in an equatorial belt around the satellite. The very large Pele-type plumes, on the other hand, are relatively short-lived, deposit darker red materials, erupt at ∼1.0 km sec−1, and (rather than restricted to a latitudinal band) are restricted in longitude from 240° to 360°W. Both direct thermal infrared temperature measurements and the implied color temperatures for quenched liquid sulfur suggest that hot spot temperatures of ∼650°K are associated with the large plumes and temperatures <400°K with the small plumes. The typical eruption duration of the small plumes is at least several years; that of the large plumes appears to be of the order of days to weeks. The two classes therefore differ by more than two orders of magnitude in duration of eruption. Based on uv, visible, and infrared spectra, the small plumes seem to contain and deposit SO2 in their annuli whereas the large plumes apparently do not. Two other plumes that occur at either end of the linear feature Loki may be intermediate or hybrid between the two classes, exhibiting attributes of both. Additionally, Loki occurs in the area of overlap in the regional distributions of the two plume classes. Two distinct volcanic systems involving different volatiles may be responsible for the two classes. We propose that the discrete temperatures associated with the two classes are a direct reflection of sulfur's peculiar variation in viscosity with temperature. Over two temperature ranges (∼400 to 430°K and >650°K), sulfur is a low-viscosity fluid (orange and black, respectively); at other temperatures it is either solid or has a high viscosity. As a result, there will be two zones in Io's crust in which liquid sulfur will flow freely: a shallow zone of orange sulfur and a deeper zone of black sulfur. A low-temperature system driven by SO2heated to 400 to 400°K by the orange sulfur zone seems the best model for the small plumes; a system driven by sulfur heated to >650°K by hot or even molten silicates in the black sulfur zone seems the best explanation for the large plume class. The large Pele-type plumes are apparently concentrated in a region of the satellite in which a thinner sulfur-rich crust overlies the tidally heated silicate lithosphere, so the black sulfur zone may be fairly shallow in this region. The Prometheus-type plumes are possibly confined to the equatorial belt by some process that concentrates SO2 fluid in the equatorial crust.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0019-1035(83)90075-1","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"McEwen, A.S., and Soderblom, L., 1983, Two classes of volcanic plumes on Io: Icarus, v. 55, no. 2, p. 191-217, https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(83)90075-1.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"217","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb94ce4b08c986b327bb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McEwen, A. S.","contributorId":11317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEwen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soderblom, L.A. 0000-0002-0917-853X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":6139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011273,"text":"70011273 - 1983 - Estimation of groundwater recharge parameters by time series analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-07T13:42:12","indexId":"70011273","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of groundwater recharge parameters by time series analysis","docAbstract":"A model is proposed that relates water level fluctuations in a Dupuit aquifer to effective precipitaton at the top of the unsaturated zone. Effective precipitation, defined herein as that portion of precipitation which becomes recharge, is related to precipitation measured in a nearby gage by a two-parameter function. A second-order stationary assumption is used to connect the spectra of effective precipitation and water level fluctuations. Measured precipitation is assumed to be Gaussian, in order to develop a transfer function that relates the spectra of measured and effective precipitation. A nonlinear least squares technique is proposed for estimating parameters of the effective-precipitation function. Although sensitivity analyses indicate difficulties that may be encountered in the estimation procedure, the methods developed did yield convergent estimates for two case studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR019i006p01531","usgsCitation":"Naff, R.L., and Gutjahr, A.L., 1983, Estimation of groundwater recharge parameters by time series analysis: Water Resources Research, v. 19, no. 6, p. 1531-1546, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR019i006p01531.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1531","endPage":"1546","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b90e4b0c8380cd52797","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naff, Richard L.","contributorId":195332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naff","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutjahr, Allan L.","contributorId":37065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gutjahr","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011386,"text":"70011386 - 1983 - Ground-water models for water resource planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:10","indexId":"70011386","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1746,"text":"GeoJournal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-water models for water resource planning","docAbstract":"In the past decade hydrogeologists have emphasized the development of computer-based mathematical models to aid in the understanding of flow, the transport of solutes, transport of heat, and deformation in the ground-water system. These models have been used to provide information and predictions for water managers. Too frequently, ground-water was neglected in water resource planning because managers believed that it could not be adequately evaluated in terms of availability, quality, and effect of development on surface-water supplies. Now, however, with newly developed digital ground-water models, effects of development can be predicted. Such models have been used to predict hydrologic and quality changes under different stresses. These models have grown in complexity over the last ten years from simple one-layer models to three-dimensional simulations of ground-water flow, which may include solute transport, heat transport, effects of land subsidence, and encroachment of saltwater. Case histories illustrate how predictive ground-water models have provided the information needed for the sound planning and management of water resources in the USA. ?? 1983 D. Reidel Publishing Company.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GeoJournal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00194492","issn":"03432521","usgsCitation":"Moore, J., 1983, Ground-water models for water resource planning: GeoJournal, v. 7, no. 5, p. 453-458, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00194492.","startPage":"453","endPage":"458","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205128,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194492"},{"id":221582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2c91e4b0c8380cd5bd02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, J.E.","contributorId":34927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011343,"text":"70011343 - 1983 - Hole-to-surface resistivity measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-18T16:33:06.528328","indexId":"70011343","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hole-to-surface resistivity measurements","docAbstract":"Hole-to-surface resistivity measurements over a layered volcanic tuff sequence illustrate procedures for gathering, reducing, and interpreting hole-to-surface resistivity data. The magnitude and direction of the total surface electric field resulting from a buried current source is calculated from orthogonal potential difference measurements for a grid of closely spaced stations. A contour map of these data provides a detailed map of the distribution of the electric field away from the drill hole. Resistivity anomalies can be enhanced by calculating the difference between apparent resistivities calculated from the total surface electric field and apparent resistivities for a layered earth model.Lateral discontinutities in the geoelectric section are verified by repeating the surface field measurments for current sources in several drill holes. A qualitative interpretation of the anomalous bodies within a layered earth can be made by using a three-dimensional (3-D) resistivity model in a homogeneous half-space. The general nature of resistive and conductive bodies causing anomalies away from the source drill holes is determined with the aid of data from several source holes, layered models, and 3-D models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1441410","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Daniels, J., 1983, Hole-to-surface resistivity measurements: Geophysics, v. 48, no. 1, p. 87-97, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1441410.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220896,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31cee4b0c8380cd5e243","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniels, J.J.","contributorId":75929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70184239,"text":"70184239 - 1983 - The fledging of common and thick-billed murres on Middleton Island, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-03T15:15:52","indexId":"70184239","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The fledging of common and thick-billed murres on Middleton Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"Three species of alcids, Common and Thick-billed murres (Uria aalge and U. lomvia) and the Razorbill (Alca torda), have post-hatching developmental patterns intermediate to precocial and semi-precocial modes (Sealy 1973). The young leave their cliff nest sites at about one quarter of adult weight and complete their growth at sea. At departure, an event here loosely referred to as \"fledging,\" neither primary nor secondary flight feathers are grown, but well-developed wing coverts enable limited, descending flight.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., 1983, The fledging of common and thick-billed murres on Middleton Island, Alaska: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 54, no. 3, p. 266-274.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"266","endPage":"274","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Middleton Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -146.41616821289062,\n 59.383059124988655\n ],\n [\n -146.2496566772461,\n 59.383059124988655\n ],\n [\n -146.2496566772461,\n 59.48763434062946\n ],\n [\n -146.41616821289062,\n 59.48763434062946\n ],\n [\n -146.41616821289062,\n 59.383059124988655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ba8ec0e4b0bcef64f0b953","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17967,"text":"ofr83504 - 1983 - Cenozoic structural history of selected areas in the eastern Great Basin, Nevada-Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-03T22:37:00.831466","indexId":"ofr83504","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-504","title":"Cenozoic structural history of selected areas in the eastern Great Basin, Nevada-Utah","docAbstract":"The Confusion Range structural trough (CRST) of west-central Utah predates the Oligocene rocks that are exposed along it. The northern part of the axial region of the CRST is complicated by structures that include reverse faults and associated folds, a large-amplitude mushroom fold, and belts of sharply flexed to overturned strata some of which are fault bounded. These structures, which also predate the Oligocene rocks, formed in a compressional regime that has been interpreted as resulting from thin-skinned gravitational gliding toward the axis of the CRST. \r\n\r\nStudy of the sparse Tertiary rocks that are scattered along the axial region of the CRST reveals abundant evidence of Oligocene and younger deformation. The chief evidence includes (1) widespread Oligocene and Miocene coarse clastic rocks, many of which are conglomerates, that attest to local and distant tectonism, (2) faults that range from high-angle structures generally with less than 100 m of normal displacement to low-angle attenuation faults some of which may have large displacements, and (3) open asymmetric folds. Together with the distribution of sheet-form bodies of ash-flow tuffs, the Oligocene stratigraphic record allows for paleogeographic reconstruction of a lacustrine basin across what is now the northern Confusion Range and one or more basins in the southern part of the CRST. The basins are inferred to have been fault controlled by reactivation of previously formed faults or steep fold flanks. They may have been localized by differential vertical movements similar to those that produced the older systems of folds and faults. Parts of early formed basins were cannibalized as local syndepositional deformation took place in the axial region of the CRST. \r\n\r\nBoth limbs of the CRST have been modified by folds that involve Oligocene rocks. Some of these folds appear to be genetically related to displacements on faults that bound them. They may record thin-skinned Neogene tectonic displacements toward the axis of the CRST. \r\n\r\nThe most intensely faulted and tilted rocks along the axis of the CRST are located in the Tunnel Spring Mountains where Miocene(?) extension on closely spaced listric faults produced as much as 70 percent extension locally. Three episodes of Oligocene-Miocene deformation, all interpreted to have formed in an extensional environment, are recognized in the Tunnel Spring Mountains. The nearby Burbank Hills area may have been involved in the same deformational episodes, though there the relationships are not as clear-cut nor does evidence occur of extreme extension. Tight asymmetric folds in the Burbank Hills are interpreted as drape structures formed over buried normal faults. Other structures along the southern CRST have fold-like forms, but they result from cross-strike alternations in fault-related tilt directions, and they formed in an extensional stress regime. Least-principal stress directions inferred from orientations of extensional structures vary from ENE-WSW in the southern Tunnel Spring Mountains to approximately E-W in the Disappointment Hills and NW-SE in selected areas east of the axis of the CRST. The size, geographic distribution, and new data on the age of areas of major extensional faulting preclude previously published interpretations that the extension is related to major east-directed overthrusting of the Sevier orogeny in areas east of the hinterland of west-central Utah.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr83504","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R.E., 1983, Cenozoic structural history of selected areas in the eastern Great Basin, Nevada-Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-504, Report: i, 47 p.; 2 Plates: 19.14 x 10.65 inches and 18.40 x 15.48 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83504.","productDescription":"Report: i, 47 p.; 2 Plates: 19.14 x 10.65 inches and 18.40 x 15.48 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108459,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_14070.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"14070"},{"id":47206,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0504/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":47205,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0504/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":47204,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0504/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":151228,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0504/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"eastern Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.708,\n 39.833\n ],\n [\n -114.708,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -113.647,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -113.647,\n 39.833\n ],\n [\n -114.708,\n 39.833\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6ef3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, R. Ernest","contributorId":104484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ernest","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011400,"text":"70011400 - 1983 - Human interactions with ground-water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:09","indexId":"70011400","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1746,"text":"GeoJournal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Human interactions with ground-water","docAbstract":"Ground-Water could be considered as an immense reservoir, from which only a certain amount of water can be withdrawn without affecting the quantity and quality of water. This amount is determined by the characteristics of the environment in which ground-water occurs and by the interactions of ground-water with precipitation, surface water, and people. It should be recognized that quantity and quality of ground-water are intimately related and should be considered accordingly. Quantity refers to usable water and water is usable for any specific purpose only so long as its quality has not deteriorated beyond acceptable limits. Thus an overall quantitative and qualitative management of ground water is inevitable, and its should also involve the uses of ground-water reservoirs for purposes other than water supply. The main objective of ground-water management is to ensure that ground-water resources will be available in appropriate time and in appropriate quantity and quality to meet the most important demands of our society. Traditional, and obvious uses of ground-water are the extraction of water for water supplies (domestic, municipal, agricultural, and industrial) and the natural discharge feeding lakes and maintaining base flow of streams. Not so obvious are the uses of ground-water reservoirs, the very framework within which ground-water occurs and moves, and in which other fluids or materials can be stored. In the last two decades, ground-water reservoirs have been intensively considered for many other purposes than water supplies. Diversified and very often conflicting uses need to be evaluated and dealt with in the most efficient way in order to determine the importance of each possible use, and to assign priorities of these uses. With rising competition for the use of ground-water reservoirs, we will also need to increase the potential for effective planning of ground-water development and protection. Man's development and use of ground-water necessarily modifies the natural conditions and the total natural system must be successfully blended with the unnatural stresses placed upon it. This can be accomplished by introducing new methods (such as ground-water zoning) in and by developing alternative strategies for ground-water management and protection. ?? 1983 D. Reidel Publishing Company.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GeoJournal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00194489","issn":"03432521","usgsCitation":"Zaporozec, A., 1983, Human interactions with ground-water: GeoJournal, v. 7, no. 5, p. 427-433, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00194489.","startPage":"427","endPage":"433","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205139,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194489"},{"id":221751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3281e4b0c8380cd5e868","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zaporozec, A.","contributorId":24093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaporozec","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70142182,"text":"70142182 - 1983 - The role of remotely sensed and other special data for predictive modeling: the Umatilla, Oregon example","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:44:47","indexId":"70142182","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of remotely sensed and other special data for predictive modeling: the Umatilla, Oregon example","docAbstract":"Landsat data and 1:24 000-scale aerial photographs were initially used to map the expansion of irrigation from 1973 to 1979 and to identify crops under irrigation in 1979. The crop data were then used with historical water requirement figures and digital topographic and hydrographic data to estimate water and power use for the 1979 irrigation season. The final project task involved production of a composite map of land suitability for irrigation development based on land cover (from Landsat), landownership, soil irrigability, slope gradient, and potential energy costs.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Loveland, T., and Johnson, G., 1983, The role of remotely sensed and other special data for predictive modeling: the Umatilla, Oregon example: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 49, no. 8, p. 1183-1192.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1183","endPage":"1192","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298225,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Umatilla","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.42413330078125,\n 45.87471224890479\n ],\n [\n -119.42413330078125,\n 45.954968795113395\n ],\n [\n -119.26071166992186,\n 45.954968795113395\n ],\n [\n -119.26071166992186,\n 45.87471224890479\n ],\n [\n -119.42413330078125,\n 45.87471224890479\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f597cee4b02419550d2f55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":3005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Gary E.","contributorId":65007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Gary E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010314,"text":"70010314 - 1983 - Sulphide mineralization and wall-rock alteration in ophiolites and modern oceanic spreading centres","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-07T16:55:04.92366","indexId":"70010314","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sulphide mineralization and wall-rock alteration in ophiolites and modern oceanic spreading centres","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(83)90041-9","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Koski, R., 1983, Sulphide mineralization and wall-rock alteration in ophiolites and modern oceanic spreading centres: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 19, no. 1-3, p. 496-498, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(83)90041-9.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"496","endPage":"498","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219678,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9de9e4b08c986b31db8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koski, R.A.","contributorId":16006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011283,"text":"70011283 - 1983 - SHALLOW HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM AT NEWBERRY VOLCANO, OREGON: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:33","indexId":"70011283","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"SHALLOW HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM AT NEWBERRY VOLCANO, OREGON: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL.","docAbstract":"Investigations at Newberry Volcano, Oregon, have resulted in a satisfactory account of the shallow hydrothermal system, but have not indicated the nature of a possible geothermal reservoir. Hot springs in the caldera probably represent the return of circulating meteoric water, warmed at shallow depths by high conductive heat flow and by steam rising from greater depths. Ground-water recharge to the hydrothermal system is at most 250 liters per second, of which about 20 liters per second reappears in the hot springs. Analysis of temperature anomalies in a Geological Survey drillhole indicates that ground-water flow totaling about 125 liters per second could be moving laterally at depths of less than 650 m at the drill site. Refs.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"Geothermal Resources: Energy on Tap! Geothermal Resources Council 1983 Annual Meeting.","conferenceLocation":"Portland, OR, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, USA","issn":"01935933","isbn":"093441257X","usgsCitation":"Sammel, E.A., 1983, SHALLOW HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM AT NEWBERRY VOLCANO, OREGON: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL., in Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 7, Portland, OR, USA, p. 325-330.","startPage":"325","endPage":"330","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaf3ce4b0c8380cd8747d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sammel, Edward A.","contributorId":78320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sammel","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011338,"text":"70011338 - 1983 - Euler-Lagrangian computation for estuarine hydrodynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T10:37:23","indexId":"70011338","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Euler-Lagrangian computation for estuarine hydrodynamics","docAbstract":"The transport of conservative and suspended matter in fluid flows is a phenomenon of Lagrangian nature because the process is usually convection dominant. Nearly all numerical investigations of such problems use an Eulerian formulation for the convenience that the computational grids are fixed in space and because the vast majority of field data are collected in an Eulerian reference frame. Several examples are given in this paper to illustrate a modeling approach which combines the advantages of both the Eulerian and Lagrangian computational techniques.
","largerWorkTitle":"Numerical Methods in Laminar and Turbulent Flow, Proceedings of the International Conference","conferenceTitle":"Numerical Methods in Laminar and Turbulent Flow, Proceedings of the Third International Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Seattle, WA","language":"English","publisher":"Pineridge Press","publisherLocation":"Swansea, Wa","isbn":"0906674220","usgsCitation":"Cheng, R.T., 1983, Euler-Lagrangian computation for estuarine hydrodynamics, in Numerical Methods in Laminar and Turbulent Flow, Proceedings of the International Conference, Seattle, WA, p. 341-352.","startPage":"341","endPage":"352","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0469e4b0c8380cd50980","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, Ralph T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011186,"text":"70011186 - 1983 - Rare-earth element geochemistry and the origin of andesites and basalts of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T08:47:03","indexId":"70011186","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rare-earth element geochemistry and the origin of andesites and basalts of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand","docAbstract":"Two types of basalt (a high-Al basalt associated with the rhyolitic centres north of Taupo and a \"low-Al\" basalt erupted from Red Crater, Tongariro Volcanic Centre) and five types of andesite (labradorite andesite, labradorite-pyroxene andesite, hornblende andesite, pyroxene low-Si andesite and olivine andesite/low-Si andesite) occur in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), North Island, New Zealand. Rare-earth abundances for both basalts and andesites are particularly enriched in light rare-earth elements. High-Al basalts are more enriched than the \"low-Al\" basalt and have values comparable to the andesites. Labradorite and labradorite-pyroxene andesites all have negative Eu anomalies and hornblende andesites all have negative Ce anomalies. The former is probably due to changing plagioclase composition during fractionation and the latter to late-stage hydration of the magma. Least-squares mixing models indicate that neither high-Al nor \"low-Al\" basalts are likely sources for labradorite/labradorite-pyroxene andesites. High-Al basalts are considered to result from fractionation of olivine and clinopyroxene from a garnet-free peridotite at the top of the mantle wedge. Labradorite/labradorite-pyroxene andesites are mainly associated with an older NW-trending arc. The source is likely to be garnet-free but it is not certain whether the andesites result from partial melting of the top of the subducting plate or a hydrated lower portion of the mantle wedge. Pyroxene low-Si andesites probably result from cumulation of pyroxene and calcic plagioclase within labradorite-pyroxene andesites, and hornblende andesites by late-stage hydration of labradorite-pyroxene andesite magma. Olivine andesites, low-Si andesites and \"low-Al\" basalts are related to the NNE-trending Taupo-Hikurangi arc structure. Although the initial source material is different for these lavas they have probably undergone a similar history to the labradorite/labradorite-pyroxene andesites. All lavas show evidence of crustal contamination. ?? 1983.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(83)90058-X","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Cole, J.W., Cashman, K.V., and Rankin, P., 1983, Rare-earth element geochemistry and the origin of andesites and basalts of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Chemical Geology, v. 38, no. 3-4, p. 255-274, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(83)90058-X.","startPage":"255","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266112,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(83)90058-X"},{"id":221428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9529e4b0c8380cd81838","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cole, J. W.","contributorId":81315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cashman, K. V.","contributorId":16831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cashman","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rankin, P.C.","contributorId":6723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankin","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011181,"text":"70011181 - 1983 - Speculation on martian north polar wind circulation and the resultant orientations of polar sand dunes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-16T12:16:53.413668","indexId":"70011181","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Speculation on martian north polar wind circulation and the resultant orientations of polar sand dunes","docAbstract":"Dunes in the Martian north polar erg show two dominant orientations. When seen at frost cap minimum, dunes north of 80°N record east winds, dunes south of 80°N record west winds. Many of the transverse dunes are considered to be reversing dunes. Dunes in two fields may have reversed at least once during the lifetime of the Viking Orbiters. Poor agreement exists among published predictive models of north polar winds and the interpretations derived from the major published map of the north polar dunes. We propose that the average polar winds are: (1) strong, off-pole northwest winds in fall; (2) moderate west winds in winter; (3) latitude-dependent weak to strong off-pole northeast winds in spring; and (4) weak west winds in summer. Viking images of near-polar clouds confirm much of the hypothesis. Images discussed in other studies can be given alternative interpretations that support this hypothesis also. Over millenia, the combination of reversing west and east winds could produce the binodal distributions of dune orientations observed at the north pole.