A multichannel seismic reflection profile (U.S. Geological Survey line 19), calibrated with the COST G-1, COST G-2, and Shell Mohican I-100 wells, and seismic-sequence analysis shows that the chronostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic units and depositional history of the Georges Bank basin are similar to those of the Scotian basin. Carbonate rocks of the Iroquois and Abenaki Formations, as much as 16,000 ft (4,800 m) thick, dominated the eastern half of the Georges Bank basin during the Jurassic. As much as 7,500 ft (2,300 m) of the coeval terrigenous clastic deposits of the Mohican, Mohawk, and Mic Mac Formations accumulated updip (westward) in sublittoral, paralic, and nonmarine environments. Siliciclastic deposition, as much as 6,000 ft (1,800 m), dominated the entire basin throughout the Cretaceous and Cenozoic, and it was punctuated briefly by carbonate deposition during the Hauterivian and Paleogene. Tentative correlation between the Georges Bank basin sequences and those of the adjacent, deep North American basin suggests that the deep-sea facies were strongly influenced by depositional events on the shelf. Deposition in both areas has been sensitive to changes in sea level and to paleoclimatic cycles.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/03B5A633-16D1-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Poag, C.W., 1982, Stratigraphic reference section for Georges Bank Basin - Depositional model for New England passive margin.: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 66, no. 8, p. 1021-1041, https://doi.org/10.1306/03B5A633-16D1-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1021","endPage":"1041","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":221455,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Ocean, Georges Bank","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.20863484886625,\n 42.04918841749222\n ],\n [\n -68.20863484886625,\n 40.47051861193097\n ],\n [\n -65.81281728784933,\n 40.47051861193097\n ],\n [\n -65.81281728784933,\n 42.04918841749222\n ],\n [\n -68.20863484886625,\n 42.04918841749222\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b991fe4b08c986b31c26e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poag, C. Wylie 0000-0002-6240-4065 wpoag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6240-4065","contributorId":2565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poag","given":"C.","email":"wpoag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wylie","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":361622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70140558,"text":"70140558 - 1982 - Characterization of tropospheric desert aerosols at solar wavelengths by multispectral radiometry from Landsat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:52:32","indexId":"70140558","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of tropospheric desert aerosols at solar wavelengths by multispectral radiometry from Landsat","docAbstract":"Characteristics of tropospheric desert aerosols are derived by comparing nadir spectral reflectivities computed from the radiative transfer models with reflectivities measured from Landsat. Over the ocean, reflectivities are compared, but over land the comparison is carried out by determining the ratios of the nadir reflectivity of the surface-atmosphere system over heavy aerosol concentration to the reflectivity of the underlying surface. This remote sensing technique is found to be a sensitive approach for measuring n2, the imaginary part of the refractive index. The desert aerosols under study, in the Iran and Pakistan area, are essentially pure scatterers, inasmuch as an n2 value of 0.001±0.001 was determined for each of the four Landsat spectral bands, that is, for a spectral interval from 0.5 to 1.1 μm.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JC087iC02p01270","usgsCitation":"Otterman, J., Fraser, R.S., and Bahethi, O.P., 1982, Characterization of tropospheric desert aerosols at solar wavelengths by multispectral radiometry from Landsat: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 87, no. 2, p. 1270-1278, https://doi.org/10.1029/JC087iC02p01270.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1270","endPage":"1278","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297839,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b56e4b08de9379b3325","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Otterman, Joseph","contributorId":75683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otterman","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fraser, R. S.","contributorId":19717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraser","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bahethi, O. P.","contributorId":139115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bahethi","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70186707,"text":"70186707 - 1982 - Deep structure and evolution of the Carolina Trough","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T15:15:43","indexId":"70186707","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Deep structure and evolution of the Carolina Trough","docAbstract":"Multichannel seismic-reflection data together with two-dimensional gravity and magnetic models suggest that the crustal structure off North Carolina consists of normal continental crust landward of the Brunswick magnetic anomaly (BMA), rift-stage crust in the 80-km-wide zone between the BMA and the East Coast magnetic anomaly (ECMA), and normal oceanic crust seaward of the ECMA.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies in continental margin geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","usgsCitation":"Hutchinson, D.R., Grow, J.A., Klitgord, K.D., and Swift, B., 1982, Deep structure and evolution of the Carolina Trough, chap. of Studies in continental margin geology, p. 129-152.","productDescription":"24 p. ","startPage":"129","endPage":"152","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":339424,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339423,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/history2/data/a110/a110/0001/0100/0129.htm"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a556e4b09da6799d642e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchinson, D. R.","contributorId":31770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grow, J. A.","contributorId":27858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grow","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klitgord, Kim D.","contributorId":82307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klitgord","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":690324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swift, B.A.","contributorId":32937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swift","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":29496,"text":"wri8154 - 1982 - Digital model of predevelopment flow in the Tertiary limestone (Floridan) aquifer system in west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T20:13:22.252532","indexId":"wri8154","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-54","title":"Digital model of predevelopment flow in the Tertiary limestone (Floridan) aquifer system in west-central Florida","docAbstract":"A computer model was calibrated to approximate predevelopment flow conditions in a multilayered aquifer system in 10,600 square miles in west-central Floria. The lowermost aquifer, called the Floridan aquifer, is confined in most of the study area and consists of carbonate rocks ranging up to 1,300 feet thick. The Floridan aquifer is the chief source for large withdrawals and natural springflow in the study area. Daily springflows within the study area have averaged about 2.4 billion gallons. The secondary artesian and the surficial aquifers are much less permeable than the Floridan aquifer. Where they are present and have heads higher than those in the Floridan aquifer, they provide recharge to the Floridan. Initial estimates of recharge to the Floridan aquifer were from water-balance calculations for surface-water basins; initial estimates of transmissivity were from aquifer tests and flow-net analyses. The model was calibrated for the predevelopment era, wherein steady-state flow conditions were assumed. Calibrated transmissivities for the Floridan aquifer range from less than 15,000 to several million feet squared per day. Recharge to the system was about 3,700 cubic feet per second. About 90% was discharged as springflow, and 10% was upward leakage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8154","usgsCitation":"Ryder, P.D., 1982, Digital model of predevelopment flow in the Tertiary limestone (Floridan) aquifer system in west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 81-54, v, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8154.","productDescription":"v, 61 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123877,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0054/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58345,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0054/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415464,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49136.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.45,\n 29.7167\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 29.7167\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 26.65\n ],\n [\n -81.45,\n 26.65\n ],\n [\n -81.45,\n 29.7167\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db655768","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryder, Paul D.","contributorId":60188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27713,"text":"wri8253 - 1982 - Ground-water temperature of the with application to ground-water-source heat pumps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-14T15:22:08.941467","indexId":"wri8253","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-53","title":"Ground-water temperature of the with application to ground-water-source heat pumps","docAbstract":"Ground-water temperature was measured during a one-year period (1980-81) in 20 wells in the Wyoming Quadrangle in central Delaware. Data from thermistors set at fixed depths in two wells were collected twice each week, and vertical temperature profiles of the remaining 18 wells were made monthly. Ground-water temperature at 8 feet below land surface in well Jc55-1 ranged from 45.0 degrees F in February to 70.1 degrees F in September. Temperature at 35 feet below land surface in the same well reached a minimum of 56.0 degrees F in August, and a maximum of 57.8 degrees F in February. Average annual temperature of ground water at 25 feet below land surface in all wells ranged from 54.6 degrees F to 57.8 degrees F. Variations of average temperature probably reflect the presence or absence of forestation in the recharge areas of the wells. Ground-water-source heat pumps supplied with water from wells 30 or more feet below land surface will operate more efficiently in both heating and cooling modes than those supplied with water from shallower depths. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri8253","usgsCitation":"Hodges, A.L., 1982, Ground-water temperature of the with application to ground-water-source heat pumps: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-53, vi, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8253.","productDescription":"vi, 29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366225,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0053/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158501,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0053/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.7562255859375,\n 38.839707613545144\n ],\n [\n -75.2288818359375,\n 38.839707613545144\n ],\n [\n -75.2288818359375,\n 39.2407625100131\n ],\n [\n -75.7562255859375,\n 39.2407625100131\n ],\n [\n -75.7562255859375,\n 38.839707613545144\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a38e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodges, Arthur L. Jr.","contributorId":62075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodges","given":"Arthur","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011441,"text":"70011441 - 1982 - Bank stability and channel width adjustment, East Fork River, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-05T13:23:12","indexId":"70011441","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bank stability and channel width adjustment, East Fork River, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Frequent surveys of eight cross sections located in self-formed reaches of the East Fork River, Wyoming, during the 1974 snowmelt flood showed a close relation between channel morphology and scour and fill. Those cross sections narrower than the mean reach width filled at discharges less than bankfull and scoured at discharges greater than bankfull. Those cross sections wider than the mean reach width scoured at discharges less than bankfull and filled at discharges greater than bankfull. The accumulation and depletion of sand-sized bed material in a cross section was concentrated in the near-bank parts of the stream channel and thus significantly influenced bank stability and retreat. In those cross sections that scour at discharges greater than bankfull, the basal bank material is eroded and the banks become undercut and unstable. Conversely, in those cross sections that fill at discharges greater than bankfull, the basal bank material is covered by the accumulated sand-size material and is not eroded. Streambanks in these cross sections are moderately inclined and stable. A resurvey in the summer of 1980 of the cross sections located in straight reaches showed that those cross sections which scoured at discharges greater than bankfull had become 2–4 feet wider, whereas those cross sections which filled at discharges greater than bankfull were unchanged. Thus bank stability and to some extent the adjustment of stream channel width in the East Fork River study reach appears to be controlled by the processes of scour and fill.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR018i004p01184","usgsCitation":"Andrews, E., 1982, Bank stability and channel width adjustment, East Fork River, Wyoming: Water Resources Research, v. 18, no. 4, p. 1184-1192, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR018i004p01184.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1184","endPage":"1192","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"East Fork River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efb6e4b0c8380cd4a3f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, E.D.","contributorId":13922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011669,"text":"70011669 - 1982 - Contemporary block tectonics: California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-16T14:58:19.264656","indexId":"70011669","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contemporary block tectonics: California and Nevada","docAbstract":"Well-determined fault plane solution and the gross pattern of late-Cenozoic faulting in California and Nevada show a systematic relation between the orientation of fault planes and slip directions. In general, normal faults have northerly strikes, reverse faults have easterly strikes, and dextral and sinstral strike slip faults have northwesterly and northeasterly strikes, respectively. Kinematically, this relation is consistent with the response of clusters of fault-bounded crustal blocks to a regional stress field generated by the relative motion between the Pacific and North American plates. In this stress field, the greatest and least principal (compressive) stresses are restricted to northerly and easterly striking vertical planes, respectively. Clusters of crustal blocks bound by faults having the above attitudes form three basic regimes: (1) a spreading regime with a combination of normal and conjugate, strike slip faults, (2) a converging regime with a combination of reverse and conjugate, strike slip faults, and (3) a wrench regime with sets of subparallel, throughgoing, northwest striking (dextral) faults or northeast striking (sinstral) faults. These three regimes are typified by faulting patterns in the Basin and Range province (spreading), the Transverse Ranges (converging), and the San Andreas-Garlock fault systems (wrench), respectively. The gross deformation of each regime resulting from relative displacements between individual blocks is characterized by north-south shortening and east-west extension with the ratio of extensional to shortening strains (and the areal dilitation) decreasing systematically from spreading to wrench to compressional regimes. The wrench regime involves a component of net rotational deformation (clockwise for dextral slip and counter-clockwise for sinstral slip), while deformation of the spreading and converging regimes is irrotational. Local deviations from regional kinematic directions are concentrated along the boundaries between regimes reflecting the mismatch in gross deformation fields between regimes. Maximum principal and shear stress magnitudes will increase systematically from spreading to wrench to converging regimes provided that fault slip is controlled by frictional strength (Byerlee's law) along preexisting fractures and that pore pressure in the brittle crust is laterally uniform. A minimum strength difference between active, block-bounding faults and block interiors is 15–30%. Simple arrangements of such block clusters mimic the gross kinematic pattern of Quaternary faulting in California and Nevada. Some implications for contemporary tectonics emphasized by this model involve the westward displacement of the Sierra Nevada block.with respect to the stable interior of the North American plates, oblique thrusting of the Salinian block over the Pacific plate, and a progressive increase in the offset of the San Andreas fault represented by the ‘big bend’ through the Transverse Ranges.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB087iB07p05433","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Hill, D., 1982, Contemporary block tectonics: California and Nevada: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 87, no. B7, p. 5433-5450, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB087iB07p05433.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"5433","endPage":"5450","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221768,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"B7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa4be4b0c8380cd4da18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, D.P.","contributorId":27432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":95110,"text":"95110 - 1982 - A user's guide for the stock-recruitment model validation program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:59","indexId":"95110","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"A user's guide for the stock-recruitment model validation program","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","publisherLocation":"Oak Ridge, TN","collaboration":"None/FC","usgsCitation":"Christensen, S., Kirk, B., and Goodyear, C., 1982, A user's guide for the stock-recruitment model validation program.","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a53b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, S.W.","contributorId":8023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirk, B.L.","contributorId":40540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goodyear, C.P.","contributorId":11538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodyear","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011291,"text":"70011291 - 1982 - Comparison of estimators of standard deviation for hydrologic time series","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-05T13:25:30","indexId":"70011291","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of estimators of standard deviation for hydrologic time series","docAbstract":"Unbiasing factors as a function of serial correlation, ρ, and sample size, n for the sample standard deviation of a lag one autoregressive model were generated by random number simulation. Monte Carlo experiments were used to compare the performance of several alternative methods for estimating the standard deviation σ of a lag one autoregressive model in terms of bias, root mean square error, probability of underestimation, and expected opportunity design loss. Three methods provided estimates of σ which were much less biased but had greater mean square errors than the usual estimate of σ: s = (1/(n - 1) ∑ (xi −x¯)2)½. The three methods may be briefly characterized as (1) a method using a maximum likelihood estimate of the unbiasing factor, (2) a method using an empirical Bayes estimate of the unbiasing factor, and (3) a robust nonparametric estimate of σ suggested by Quenouille. Because s tends to underestimate σ, its use as an estimate of a model parameter results in a tendency to underdesign. If underdesign losses are considered more serious than overdesign losses, then the choice of one of the less biased methods may be wise.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR018i005p01503","usgsCitation":"Tasker, G.D., and Gilroy, E.J., 1982, Comparison of estimators of standard deviation for hydrologic time series: Water Resources Research, v. 18, no. 5, p. 1503-1508, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR018i005p01503.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1503","endPage":"1508","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f862e4b0c8380cd4d077","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tasker, Gary D.","contributorId":83097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tasker","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilroy, Edward J.","contributorId":50524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilroy","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70142200,"text":"70142200 - 1982 - Assessing mesquite-grass vegetation condition from Landsat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:48:46","indexId":"70142200","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing mesquite-grass vegetation condition from Landsat","docAbstract":"Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) band values, band ratios, and vegetation index models were compared with selected rangeland vegetation parameters collected at six test sites within the honey mesquitellotebushlmixed grass association in north-central Texas. The comparisons at four dates showed that two vegetation index models, TV16 and GVI, are highly correlated (P = 0.01) with green yield, green cover, and plant moisture content. The green vegetation index (GVZ) developed by Kauth and Thomas (1976), was highly correlated and superior to other models in relationship to wet green yield, dry green yield, and cured vegetation cover. TV16, developed by Rouse et al. (1974), was more highly correlated with green vegetation cover and vegetation moisture content. Both TV16 and GVI are superior to other models in their relationship with green cover. None of the Landsat MSS parameters tested was significantly correlated with dry total yield, percent bare ground, or moisture of the soil measured at the surface or at a 20 cm depth. I t is concluded that Landsat MSS data are sensitive to seasonal changes in vegetation growth conditions and inherent ecological differences within a relatively unqorm vegetationlsoil system.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"McDaniel, K.C., and Haas, R.H., 1982, Assessing mesquite-grass vegetation condition from Landsat: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 48, no. 3, p. 441-450.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"441","endPage":"450","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298230,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.083984375,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -106.083984375,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -93.69140625,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -93.69140625,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -106.083984375,\n 25.878994400196202\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f597c3e4b02419550d2f3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDaniel, Kirk C.","contributorId":139113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDaniel","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haas, Robert H.","contributorId":93388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haas","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011633,"text":"70011633 - 1982 - Modern shallow-water graded sand layers from storm surges, Bering Shelf: a mimic of Bouma sequences and turbidite systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-21T23:50:16.941879","indexId":"70011633","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modern shallow-water graded sand layers from storm surges, Bering Shelf: a mimic of Bouma sequences and turbidite systems","docAbstract":"A sequence of graded sand layers, interbedded with mud, extends offshore over 100 km from the Yukon Delta shoreline across the flat, shallow (<20 m depth) epicontinental shelf of the northern Bering Sea, Alaska. Proximal graded sand beds on the delta-front platform near the shoreline are coarser (2-3phi ), thicker (10 to 20 cm), and contain more complete vertical sequences of sedimentary structures than distal beds. The inshore graded vertical sequence of structures from the base to the top of individual sand layers includes plane-parallel lamination (S b ), cross lamination (S c ), plane-parallel lamination (S d ), and mud (S e ) analogous to the Bouma T (sub a-e) turbidite sequence. Structures vary between interchannel platform deposits with complete S b -S e sequences and channel-floor sands that are all trough cross-laminated. Distally, storm-sand layers change to thin (1 to 5 cm) silt beds that contain flat and ripple-drift lamination (S (sub c-e,de) ), are commonly bioturbated, and are associated with shell and pebble lags from storm-wave reworking. The sequence of graded sands appears to be related to the major storm surges that occur every several years. The major storms increase the average 10-m water depth in southern Norton Sound as much as 5 m and cause fluctuations in pore pressure from wave cyclic loading that may liquefy the upper 2 to 3 m of sediment. Storm-associated bottom currents, possibly dominated by rapidly waning ebb flow, transport the liquefied inshore sand far offshore (> 100 kin). Such shallow-water graded layers off lobate deltas may be distinguished from similar deep-water turbidites by: 1) the predominance of trough cross-lamination, perhaps resulting from wave oscillation effects, in the proximal part of the system, and 2) gradation to common shallow marine fossils, bioturbation, and storm lag layers in distal areas.
A new experimental satellite has provided, for the first time, thermal data that should be useful in reconnaissance geologic exploration. Thermal inertia, a property of geologic materials, can be mapped from these data by applying an algorithm that has been developed using a new thermal model. A simple registration procedure was used on a pair of day and night images of the Powder River basin, Wyoming, to illustrate the method. Preliminary assessment of these satellite data suggests that they will be of significant use for resource exploration when used in conjunction with other geologic, geophysical, and geochemical data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1441317","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Watson, K., 1982, Regional thermal-inertia mapping from an experimental satellite: Geophysics, v. 47, no. 12, p. 1681-1687, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1441317.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1681","endPage":"1687","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220780,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a58ee4b0e8fec6cdbe67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watson, K.","contributorId":39123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011536,"text":"70011536 - 1982 - Application of automated image analysis to coal petrography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-24T01:39:00.168408","indexId":"70011536","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of automated image analysis to coal petrography","docAbstract":"The coal petrologist seeks to determine the petrographic characteristics of organic and inorganic coal constituents and their lateral and vertical variations within a single coal bed or different coal beds of a particular coal field. Definitive descriptions of coal characteristics and coal facies provide the basis for interpretation of depositional environments, diagenetic changes, and burial history and determination of the degree of coalification or metamorphism. Numerous coal core or columnar samples must be studied in detail in order to adequately describe and define coal microlithotypes, lithotypes, and lithologic facies and their variations. The large amount of petrographic information required can be obtained rapidly and quantitatively by use of an automated image-analysis system (AIAS).
An AIAS can be used to generate quantitative megascopic and microscopic modal analyses for the lithologic units of an entire columnar section of a coal bed. In our scheme for megascopic analysis, distinctive bands 2 mm or more thick are first demarcated by visual inspection. These bands consist of either nearly pure microlithotypes or lithotypes such as vitrite/vitrain or fusite/fusain, or assemblages of microlithotypes. Megascopic analysis with the aid of the AIAS is next performed to determine volume percentages of vitrite, inertite, minerals, and microlithotype mixtures in bands 0.5 to 2 mm thick. The microlithotype mixtures are analyzed microscopically by use of the AIAS to determine their modal composition in terms of maceral and optically observable mineral components. Megascopic and microscopic data are combined to describe the coal unit quantitatively in terms of (V) for vitrite, (E) for liptite, (I) for inertite or fusite, (M) for mineral components other than iron sulfide, (S) for iron sulfide, and (VEIM) for the composition of the mixed phases (Xi) i = 1,2, etc. in terms of the maceral groups vitrinite V, exinite E, inertinite I, and optically observable mineral content M. The volume percentage of each component present is indicated by a subscript. For example, a lithologic unit was determined megascopically to have the composition (V)13(I)1(S)1(X1)83(X2)2. After microscopic analysis of the mixed phases, this composition was expressed as (V)13(I)1(S)1(V63E19I14M4)83(V67E11I13M9)2. Finally, these data were combined in a description of the bulk composition as V67E16I13M3S1. An AIAS can also analyze textural characteristics and can be used for quick and reliable determination of rank (reflectance).
Our AIAS is completely software based and incorporates a television (TV) camera that has optimum response characteristics in the range of reflectance less than 5%, making it particularly suitable for coal studies. Analysis of the digitized signal from the TV camera is controlled by a microprocessor having a resolution of 64 gray levels between full illumination and dark current. The processed image is reconverted for display on a TV monitor screen, on which selection of phases or features to be analyzed is readily controlled and edited by the operator through use of a lightpen.
We expect that automated image analysis, because it can rapidly provide a large amount of pertinent information, will play a major role in the advancement of coal petrography.
Prior information on the parameters of a groundwater flow model can be used to improve parameter estimates obtained from nonlinear regression solution of a modeling problem. Two scales of prior information can be available: (1) prior information having known reliability (that is, bias and random error structure) and (2) prior information consisting of best available estimates of unknown reliability. A regression method that incorporates the second scale of prior information assumes the prior information to be fixed for any particular analysis to produce improved, although biased, parameter estimates. Approximate optimization of two auxiliary parameters of the formulation is used to help minimize the bias, which is almost always much smaller than that resulting from standard ridge regression. It is shown that if both scales of prior information are available, then a combined regression analysis may be made.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR018i004p00965","usgsCitation":"Cooley, R.L., 1982, Incorporation of prior information on parameters into nonlinear regression groundwater flow models: 1. Theory: Water Resources Research, v. 18, no. 4, p. 965-976, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR018i004p00965.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"965","endPage":"976","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39f0e4b0c8380cd61aba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooley, Richard L.","contributorId":8831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooley","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011827,"text":"70011827 - 1982 - Mineralogy and geochemistry of Fe-Ti oxide and apatite (nelsonite) deposits and evaluation of the liquid immiscibility hypothesis.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T16:45:34.301205","indexId":"70011827","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineralogy and geochemistry of Fe-Ti oxide and apatite (nelsonite) deposits and evaluation of the liquid immiscibility hypothesis.","docAbstract":"Modal mineralogy determined for 32 Fe-Ti oxide and apatite rocks from localities in Virginia, New York, Quebec, Norway, and Sweden largely supports the 2:1 oxide:apatite ratio suggested as a eutectic mixture by Philpotts (1967). A fairly consistent suite of accessory minerals, including biotite, clinoamphibole, spinel, zircon, and sulfides, is present. Some silicate accessory minerals tend to form glomeroporphyritic intergrowths in an equigranular matrix of nelsonite, suggesting that the accessories are xenocrysts that have been trapped in an oxide-apatite liquid. This liquid may represent an extreme case of partitioning of high charge-density cations into a low silica, phosphorus-enriched immiscible melt. Temperature and oxygen fugacity estimates for oxide pairs in nelsonites range from 600 degrees to 1,000 degrees C and 10 (super -20) to 10 (super -11) atm f (sub o 2 ) and bracket an equilibration path that is close to the FMQ buffer curve. Several stages of exsolution are evident in Fe-Ti oxides of some deposits. Nelsonites contain fluorapatite that is enriched in light lanthanides. The occurrence of nelsonite \"dikes\" in Roseland anorthosite and associated rocks of the Roseland-Piney River district of Virginia is explained by the infilling of fractures with nelsonite liquid that has settled out of an overlying ferrodiorite pluton.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.77.5.1146","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Kolker, A., 1982, Mineralogy and geochemistry of Fe-Ti oxide and apatite (nelsonite) deposits and evaluation of the liquid immiscibility hypothesis.: Economic Geology, v. 77, no. 5, p. 1146-1158, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.77.5.1146.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1146","endPage":"1158","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221319,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1982-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5ab6e4b0c8380cd6f090","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolker, A. 0000-0002-5768-4533","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":10947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011825,"text":"70011825 - 1982 - Mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of hydrothermally altered oceanic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T12:26:55.364294","indexId":"70011825","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of hydrothermally altered oceanic rocks","docAbstract":"Mineralogical and isotopic variations observed in altered glassy and crystalline rocksfrom the East Pacific Rise and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge provide information about the temperatures of alteration and seawater/rock ratios for various hydrothermal regimes within the oceanic crust. A systematic increase in alteration temperature is evident for the glassy rocksin the sequence: (1) nontronite and celadonite vesicle fillings (35°C), (2) saponite-rich pillow breccias ( 130–170°C), (3) calcite-rich greenstone breccias and epidote-rich greenstone (200–350°C). Theseresults include the highest temperatures thus far reported for saponite formation.
The “seawater-dominated” hydrothermal alteration process that formed the saponite-rich pillow breccias is characterized by high water/rock ratios (>0:1), low to moderate temperatures, a seawater origin of most of the carbon in vein calcites (δ13C≈0) and the predominance of Fe-rich saponite and calcite as secondary phases. Greenstones (chlorite-quartz-epidote) and greenstone breccias (chlorite-quartz-albite-calcite) are altered in a “rock-dominated” system with lower water/rock ratios (50:1 to < 1:1), higher temperatures, and vein calcites with carbon that is principally of magmatic origin (δ13C≈−4). The crystalline rocks (diabase, gabbro, and metagabbro) are affected to varying degrees by pervasive high-temperature seawater interactions that commence soon after solidification, producing varying proportions of fine-grained secondary minerals including talc, smectite, chlorite, vermiculite, actinolite, and sodicplagioclase. Hydrothermal solutions, derived from alteration of the crystalline rocks, are of the appropriate temperature and isotopic composition to alter the overlying glassy rocks to the observed mineralogies as well as being the source of metal-rich deposits associated with the oceanic spreading centers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(82)90151-0","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Stakes, D., and O’Neil, J.R., 1982, Mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of hydrothermally altered oceanic rocks: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 57, no. 2, p. 285-304, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(82)90151-0.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"304","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221317,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5ac8e4b0c8380cd6f117","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stakes, D.S.","contributorId":103792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stakes","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011788,"text":"70011788 - 1982 - The oxygen isotope composition of granitoid and sedimentary rocks of the southern Snake Range, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:32","indexId":"70011788","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The oxygen isotope composition of granitoid and sedimentary rocks of the southern Snake Range, Nevada","docAbstract":"Six diverse intrusive igneous types are exposed as discrete outcrops within an area of 900 km2 in the southern Snake Range, White Pine County, Nevada. The previously recognized variety among these igneous types is reflected in the wide range of ??18O values (-1.1 to 13.4 permil) found in these rocks. This range of ??18O values probably results from differences in source material and post-crystallization history of the different intrusive types. The Jurassic intrusive of the Snake Creek-Williams Canyon area represents the chemical equivalent of a large part of a differentiation sequence, with the entire range of composition (63-76 percent SiO2) exposed over a horizontal distance of about five km. The rather regular increase of ??18O values from the most mafic to the most felsic parts of this pluton, together with ??18O values determined for constituent minerals recovered from five of the samples, supports a fractional crystallization model. The high ??18O values found (10.2-12.2 permil) indicate that the magma likely was derived from or assimilated sedimentary materials. Nine samples of the Cretaceous two-mica granite of the Pole Canyon-Can Young Canyon area have ??18O values in the range 10.6-12.1 permil. These high ??18O values, an initial87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.7165, and the presence of muscovite along with an accessory mineral suite limited to monazite, apatite, zircon, and an allanite-like mineral, characterize this intrusive mass as an S-type granite. It probably formed through anatexis of late Precambrian pelitic rocks. The granitoid rock exposed in the Young Canyon-Kious Basin area is Tertiary (32 m.y.). Most of this intrusive has been cataclastically deformed as a result of late (18 m.y.) movement on the overlying Snake Range decollement. The undeformed portion of this intrusive has ??18O values of 8.7-10.0 permil. However, the deformed portion of this intrusive has ??18O values as low as -1.1 permil, apparently resulting from isotopic exchange between this rock and ground water at the time of cataclasis. Although the igneous types exposed in the southern Snake Range differ petrologically and range in age from Jurassic to Tertiary, most have relatively high ??18O values compared with other granitoid rocks of the Basin-Range Province. ?? 1982 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01132884","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Lee, D.E., Friedman, I., and Gleason, J., 1982, The oxygen isotope composition of granitoid and sedimentary rocks of the southern Snake Range, Nevada: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 79, no. 2, p. 150-158, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01132884.","startPage":"150","endPage":"158","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205059,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01132884"},{"id":220721,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae78e4b08c986b324104","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, D. E.","contributorId":96705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedman, I.","contributorId":95596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gleason, J.D.","contributorId":27072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleason","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011765,"text":"70011765 - 1982 - Late Pleistocene- Holocene transgressive sedimentation in deltaic and non-deltaic areas of the northeastern Bering epicontinental shelf.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:32","indexId":"70011765","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1794,"text":"Geologie en Mijnbouw","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Pleistocene- Holocene transgressive sedimentation in deltaic and non-deltaic areas of the northeastern Bering epicontinental shelf.","docAbstract":"The distribution of late Pleistocene and Holocene surface sediments on the northern Bering Seafloor is patchy and dependent upon locations of seafloor bedrock and pre-late Pleistocene glacial debris, late Holocene river sediment influx, and modern strong bottom currents. Seafloor vibracores and high-resolution profiles record two different sedimentary environments in the northern Bering shelf: late Pleistocene-Holocene shoreline transgression in Chirikov Basin, and Holocene deposition from the Yukon River in Norton Sound.-from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologie en Mijnbouw","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Nelson, C., 1982, Late Pleistocene- Holocene transgressive sedimentation in deltaic and non-deltaic areas of the northeastern Bering epicontinental shelf.: Geologie en Mijnbouw, v. 61, no. 1, p. 5-18.","startPage":"5","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a451ae4b0c8380cd67037","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, C.H.","contributorId":88346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011764,"text":"70011764 - 1982 - Geochemical indices of fine sediment transport, northwest Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-21T23:46:01.539707","indexId":"70011764","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical indices of fine sediment transport, northwest Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"The 210 Pb distribution, the clay mineralogy distribution, and the distribution of three trace metals, barium, lead, and manganese, in the sediments of the south Texas shelf are related to the dynamics of the sedimentary transport process. 210 Pb, whose concentration is time dependent, defines three loci of recent sediment accumulations. In addition, the variation of 210 Pb activity at the sediment-water interface delineates areas of terrestrial sedimentation from hemipelagic sedimentation. The clay mineralogy composition of the bottom and suspended sediments assists in defining the origin of the persistent nepheloid layer and bottom sediment. Barium, a major element used in drilling mud, tags sediment movement from areas of hydrocarbon exploration. Lead concentrations, anthropogenically introduced from urban areas, tag the sediment derived from the metropolitan complexes of coastal Texas. Manganese, because of diagenic mobilization, is concentrated in areas of very slow sediment accumulation. The distribution of these geochemical properties of the sediment are in direct response to the sediment regime of the shelf. Based on this data, a model of sediment transport and deposition which relates currents, wind, tides, sediment flux, and precipitation has been formulated. This model differs from the \"advective\" transport or convergent current schemes previously proposed for this shelf.
The uplift history of the Swat Valley and Hazara region of northwestern Pakistan has been established using 22 fission-track dates on apatite, zircon and sphene. A major fault, the Main Mantle Thrust (MMT) strikes east-west across the Swat Valley, separates regions of markedly differing fission-track age regimesm, and may be a suture zone separating an extinct island arc terrane on the north from the Indian plate to the south. Fission-track ages ranging from about 55 to 58 m.y. for sphene, 18 to 53 m.y. for zircon, and 9 to 17 m.y. for apatite were obtained from the region north of the MMT. To the south the fission-track age ranges are 20 to 25 m.y. for sphene, 17 to 26 m.y. for zircon, and 16 to 23 m.y. for apatite. Disparate zircon and sphene ages on each side of the MMT imply different cooling histories for each side of the fault prior to 15 m.y. Similar apatite ages on both sides of the fault imply similar cooling histories during the past 15 m.y. This may indicate that faulting ceased by 15 m.y. Mean uplift rates have been derived from the fission-track data using mainly the mineral-pair method. Uplift rates in the region north of the MMT increased from 0.07 to 0.20 mm/yr during the period 55 to 15 m.y. South of the fault, uplift rates averaged in excess of 0.70 mm/yr for the period 25 to 15 m.y. During the past 15 m.y. uplift across the MMT in the Swat Valley showsno discontinuities, ranging from 0.16 mm/yr in the south to 0.39 mm/yr in the north. A plausible interpretation for the fission-track uplift data has the MMT verging to the south with overthrusting taking place at a depth between 3.5 and 6.0 km, juxtaposing two terranes that were originally separated by a substantial, but unknown distance. In this model, regional uplift followed cessation of faulting just prior to 15 m.y.
Measurements of 238U, 234U, 230Th, 232Th, 231Pa, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn were made on 23 samples from core GPC-5, a 29-m giant piston core from a water depth of 4583 m on the northeastern Bermuda Rise (33°41.2′N, 57°36.9′W). This area is characterized by rapid deposition of sediment transported by abyssal currents. Unsupported 230Th and 231Pa are present throughout the core but, because of large variations in the sedimentation rate, show marked departures from exponential decay with depth. The trend with depth of the
The polar regions of Mars preserve, in both their layering and their topography, a record of recent climate changes. Because of the coincidence of the growth of the northern seasonal cap with global dust storms, dust may be currently accumulating on the northern cap, but conditions at the poles will alternate with the precessional cycle. Deposition is also modulated by changes in eccentricity and obliquity, which interact complexly, affecting initiation of global dust storms, the stability of volatiles at the surface, and global wind regimes. Formation of spiral valleys and low undulations on the surface of the layered deposits may result from prefential sublimation of volatiles on sunward-facing slopes and condensation on the adjacent flats, with the rates also modulated by astronomically caused insolation variations. Lack of impact craters on the surface and lack of interruption of the layers by impact scars suggest that the polar deposits are no more than a few million years old. Older deposits may have been periodically removed, as indicated by etch-pitted terrain at the south pole and by superposition relations around the periphery of the present layered deposits. Evidence of ancient periodic climate changes that occurred before formation of the present layered terrain is fragmentary but includes pedestal craters, parallel moraine-like ridges, and etched ground at high latitudes. Perturbation of the orbital motions also results in adsorption and desorption of volatiles in the regolith, which leads to variations in atmospheric pressure and partial dehydration of the equatorial near-surface materials.
Beta MnOOH is precipitated preferentially (with respect to Mn3O4) at temperatures near O°C when Mn2+ is oxidized in aerated aqueous solutions. Upon aging in solutions open to the atmosphere a slurry of βMnOOH tends to disproportionate to form MnO2 and Mn2+. In such aged solutions, Mn2+ and H+ activities can be constant, and both the oxidation reaction Mn2++¼O2(aq) + 3/2H2O → βMnOOH (c) + 2H+ and the disproportionate reaction 2βMnOOH (c) + 2H+ → MnO2(c) + Mn2+ + 2H2O can have positive reaction affinities. It is not possible for both reactions to be in thermodynamic equilibrium in the same system unless oxygen is almost completely absent. A value for ΔGf0 of −129.8±0.6 kcal/mol was obtained for βMnOOH from experimental data by assuming that the reaction affinity for the oxidation reaction is equal to that for the disproportionation. A value for ΔGf0 for βMnOOH of −129.8±0.5 kcal/mol was determined by measuring the redox potentials for the postulated half-reaction MnO2 (c) + H+ + e− → βMnOOH (c) at 0°, 5°, and 15°C and extrapolating to 25°C. Both these values are consistent with laboratory observations that βMnOOH is less stable than γMnOOH or Mn3O4 at 25°C. Analytical data for manganese-depositing springwater samples are consistent with a nonequilibrium model involving disproportionation of either βMnOOH or Mn3O4.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR018i003p00563","usgsCitation":"Hem, J., Roberson, C.E., and Fournier, R.B., 1982, Stability of βMnOOH and manganese oxide deposition from springwater: Water Resources Research, v. 18, no. 3, p. 563-570, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR018i003p00563.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"563","endPage":"570","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b964fe4b08c986b31b426","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hem, J.D.","contributorId":54576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hem","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberson, C. E.","contributorId":40190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fournier, Reba B.","contributorId":51355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fournier","given":"Reba","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011625,"text":"70011625 - 1982 - Worth of geophysical data in natural- disaster- insurance rate setting.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-15T16:38:31.608254","indexId":"70011625","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5202,"text":"Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology","onlineIssn":"1558-8432","printIssn":"1558-8424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Worth of geophysical data in natural- disaster- insurance rate setting.","docAbstract":"Insurance firms that offer natural-disaster insurance base their rates on available information. The benefits from collecting additional data and incorporating this information to improve parameter estimates of probability distributions that are used to characterize natural-disaster events can be determined by computing changes in premiums as a function of additional data. Specifically, the worth of data can be measured by changes in consumer's surplus (the widely applied measure of benefits to consumers used in benefit-cost analysis) brought about when the premiums are adjusted. In this paper, a formal model of the process for setting insurance rates is hypothesized in which the insurance firm sets rates so as to trade off penalties of overestimation and underestimation of expected damages estimated from currently available hydrologic data. A Bayesian preposterior analysis is performed which permits the determination of the expected benefits of collecting additional geophysical data by examining the changes in expected premium rates as a function of the longer record before the data are actually collected. An estimate of the expected benefits associated with collecting more data for the representative consumer is computed using an assumed demand function for insurance. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of expected benefits to changes in insurance demand and firm rate-setting procedures is carried out. From these results, conclusions are drawn regarding aggregate benefits to all flood insurance purchasers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0453:WOGDIN>2.0.CO;2","issn":"08948763","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., and Karlinger, M., 1982, Worth of geophysical data in natural- disaster- insurance rate setting.: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, v. 21, no. 4, p. 453-460, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0453:WOGDIN>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"453","endPage":"460","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480275,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0453:wogdin>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":221057,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd1dce4b08c986b32f5b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, E. D. 0000-0001-6845-7160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":107672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"E.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karlinger, M.R.","contributorId":95039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlinger","given":"M.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}