{"pageNumber":"1539","pageRowStart":"38450","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46677,"records":[{"id":16594,"text":"ofr85697 - 1986 - Water-table decline in the south-central Great Basin during the Quaternary Period; implications for toxic-waste disposal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:17","indexId":"ofr85697","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-697","title":"Water-table decline in the south-central Great Basin during the Quaternary Period; implications for toxic-waste disposal","docAbstract":"The distribution of vein calcite, tufa, and other features indicative of paleo-groundwater discharge, indicates that during the early to middle Pleistocene, the water table at Ash Meadows, in the Amargosa Desert, Nevada, and at Furnace Creek Wash, in east-central Death Valley, California, was tens to hundreds of meters above the modern water table, and that groundwater discharge occurred up to 18 km up-the-hydraulic gradient from modern discharge areas. Uranium series dating of the calcitic veins permits calculation of rates of apparent water table decline; rates of 0.02 to 0.08 m/1000 yr are indicated for Ash meadows and 0.2 to 0.6 m/1000 yr for Furnace Creek Wash. The rates for Furnace Creek Wash closely match a published estimate of vertical crustal offset for this area, suggesting that tectonism is a major cause for the displacement observed. In general, displacements of the paleo-water table probably reflect a combination of: (a) tectonic uplift of vein calcite and tufa, unaccompanied by a change in water table altitude; (b) decline in water table altitude in response to tectonic depression of areas adjacent to dated veins and associated tufa; (c) decline in water table altitude in response to increasing aridity caused by major uplift of the Sierra Nevada and Transverse Ranges during the Quaternary; and (d) decline in water altitude in response to erosion triggered by increasing aridity and/or tectonism. A synthesis of geohydrologic, neotectonic, and paleoclimatologic information with the vein-calcite data permits the inference that the water table in the south-central Great Basin progressively lowered throughout the Quaternary. This inference is pertinent to an evaluation of the utility of thick (200-600 m) unsaturated zones of the region for isolating solidified radioactive wastes from the hydrosphere for hundreds of millenia. Wastes buried a few tens to perhaps 100 m above the modern water table--that is above possible water level rises due to future pluvial climates--are unlikely to be inundated by a rising water table in the foreseeable geologic future. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85697","usgsCitation":"Winograd, I., and Szabo, B.J., 1986, Water-table decline in the south-central Great Basin during the Quaternary Period; implications for toxic-waste disposal: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-697, iii, 18 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85697.","productDescription":"iii, 18 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0697/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45598,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0697/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4cfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winograd, I.J.","contributorId":10408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winograd","given":"I.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Szabo, Barney J.","contributorId":6848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":16620,"text":"ofr86574 - 1986 - Heavy mineral, clay mineral, and geochemical data of surface sediments from coastal Northern California rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:12","indexId":"ofr86574","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-574","title":"Heavy mineral, clay mineral, and geochemical data of surface sediments from coastal Northern California rivers","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86574","usgsCitation":"Wong, F.L., and Klise, D., 1986, Heavy mineral, clay mineral, and geochemical data of surface sediments from coastal Northern California rivers: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-574, 13 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86574.","productDescription":"13 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0574/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45631,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0574/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63cc5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wong, F. L.","contributorId":87515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klise, D.H.","contributorId":97105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klise","given":"D.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":16621,"text":"ofr8655 - 1986 - Hydrologic data from small rural and developing watersheds in west-central Florida, 1981-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:12","indexId":"ofr8655","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-55","title":"Hydrologic data from small rural and developing watersheds in west-central Florida, 1981-84","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8655","usgsCitation":"Woodham, W.M., 1986, Hydrologic data from small rural and developing watersheds in west-central Florida, 1981-84: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-55, iv, 105 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8655.","productDescription":"iv, 105 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0055/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45632,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0055/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db60786a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodham, W. M.","contributorId":72356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodham","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":16627,"text":"ofr86401 - 1986 - Proceedings of conference XXXII; workshop on Future directions in evaluating earthquake hazards of Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-20T15:43:13","indexId":"ofr86401","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-401","title":"Proceedings of conference XXXII; workshop on Future directions in evaluating earthquake hazards of Southern California","docAbstract":"Hydrologic data were collected at White Sands Missile Range, NM, in 1985. The total groundwater withdrawal in 1985 was 676,433 ,800 gallons. The 11 supply wells in the Post Headquarters well field produced 642,056,000 gallons, or about 95 percent of the total. The six Range area supply wells produced 34,377,800 gallons. The total groundwater withdrawal was 8,841,200 gallons less in 1985 than 1984. Water samples from six Post Headquarters supply wells were collected for major chemical analysis. Water samples from 19 other wells were collected for pH and specific-conductance analysis. Depth-to-water measurements in the Post Headquarters supply wells showed seasonal fluctuations as well as continued long-term declines. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr86401","usgsCitation":"1986, Proceedings of conference XXXII; workshop on Future directions in evaluating earthquake hazards of Southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-401, vii, 421 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86401.","productDescription":"vii, 421 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William M. III","contributorId":72365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"William","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729064,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kockelman, William J.","contributorId":34510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kockelman","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729065,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ziony, Joseph I.","contributorId":16829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziony","given":"Joseph I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729066,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":17989,"text":"ofr86309 - 1986 - Description of sediment data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in small watersheds in coal-mining areas of the eastern United States, 1980-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T10:35:33","indexId":"ofr86309","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-309","title":"Description of sediment data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in small watersheds in coal-mining areas of the eastern United States, 1980-84","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrologic data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey from 20 small watersheds in the surface-mining areas of the eastern United States from 1980 through 1984 as part of the Survey1 s coal-hydrology program. Each data set includes sediment-concentration, streamflow, and precipitation data collected at 5- or 15-minute intervals. One reason for collecting the data was to test the sediment component of a watershed model. However, adequate testing requires reliable calibration data collected at several points during the rise and fall of hydrographs of several storms. Therefore, the quantity and quality of the data sets needed to be described to determine which sets could be used to test a model adequately. The data sets are described in a table that presents information about watershed characteristics, period of record, and amount of useful sediment data. Also, similar data sets collected by 10 Survey project offices during other Survey programs are described in a similar table.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr86309","usgsCitation":"Arihood, L.D., 1986, Description of sediment data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in small watersheds in coal-mining areas of the eastern United States, 1980-84: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-309, iii, 15 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86309.","productDescription":"iii, 15 p. :map ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":149896,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0309/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47233,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0309/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d3c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arihood, L. D. 0000-0001-5792-3699","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-3699","contributorId":74388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arihood","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18400,"text":"ofr86303 - 1986 - Water resources scientific information center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-25T14:27:55","indexId":"ofr86303","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-303","title":"Water resources scientific information center","docAbstract":"The Water Resources Scientific Information Center (WRSIC) acquires, abstracts and indexes the major water resources related literature of the world, and makes information available to the water resources community and the public. A component of the Water Resources Division of the US Geological Survey, the Center maintains a searchable computerized bibliographic data base, and publishers a monthly journal of abstracts. Through its services, the Center is able to provide reliable scientific and technical information about the most recent water resources developments, as well as long-term trends and changes. WRSIC was established in 1966 by the Secretary of the Interior to further the objectives of the Water Resources Research Act of 1964--legislation that encouraged research in water resources and the prevention of needless duplication of research efforts. It was determined the WRSIC should be the national center for information on water resources, covering research reports, scientific journals, and other water resources literature of the world. WRSIC would evaluate all water resources literature, catalog selected articles, and make the information available in publications or by computer access. In this way WRSIC would increase the availability and awareness of water related scientific and technical information. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr86303","usgsCitation":"Cardin, C., and Campbell, J., 1986, Water resources scientific information center: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-303, 2 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86303.","productDescription":"2 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151192,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0303/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":369567,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0303/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47c8e4b07f02db4ab4f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cardin, C. William","contributorId":107681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cardin","given":"C. William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, J.T.","contributorId":6467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":18989,"text":"ofr86454 - 1986 - Geochemical data for unaltered rocks and uranium ores from the Cahill Formation, Northern Territory, Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:30","indexId":"ofr86454","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-454","title":"Geochemical data for unaltered rocks and uranium ores from the Cahill Formation, Northern Territory, Australia","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86454","usgsCitation":"Frishman, D., Nutt, C., and Grauch, R., 1986, Geochemical data for unaltered rocks and uranium ores from the Cahill Formation, Northern Territory, Australia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-454, 33 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86454.","productDescription":"33 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0454/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48400,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0454/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae3f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frishman, David","contributorId":40214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frishman","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nutt, C.J.","contributorId":52577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nutt","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grauch, R. I. 0000-0002-1763-0813","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":107698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"R. I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":19061,"text":"ofr86325 - 1986 - West Virginia ground-water data-base management system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:24","indexId":"ofr86325","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-325","title":"West Virginia ground-water data-base management system","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86325","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986, West Virginia ground-water data-base management system: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-325, 1 sheet ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86325.","productDescription":"1 sheet ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0325/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48503,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0325/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f0880","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":19123,"text":"ofr86405 - 1986 - Multichannel seismic-reflection data collected in 1980 in the eastern Chukchi Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T08:25:35","indexId":"ofr86405","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-405","title":"Multichannel seismic-reflection data collected in 1980 in the eastern Chukchi Sea","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected approximately 2,652 km of 24-channel seismic-reflection data in early September, 1980, over the continental shelf in the eastern Chukchi Sea (Fig. 1). The profiles were collected on the USGS Research Vessel S.P. Lee. The seismic energy source consisted of a tuned array of five airguns with a total volume of 1213 cubic inches of air compressed to approximately 1900 psi. The recording system consisted of a 24-channel, 2400 meter long streamer with a group interval of 100 m, and a GUS (Global Universal Science) model 4200 digital recording instrument. Shots were fired every 50 meters. Navigational control for the survey was provided by a Magnavox integrated navigation system using transit satellites and doppler-sonar augmented by Loran C (Rho-Rho). A 2-millisecond sampling rate was used in the field; the data were later desampled to 4-milliseconds during the demultiplexing process. 8 seconds data length was recorded. Processing was done at the USGS Pacific Marine Geology Multichannel Processing Center in Menlo Park, California, in the sequence: editing-demultiplexing, velocity analysis, CDP stacking, deconvolution-filtering, and plotting on an electrostatic plotter. Plate 1 is a trackline chart showing shotpoint navigation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr86405","usgsCitation":"Grantz, A., Mann, D.M., and May, S., 1986, Multichannel seismic-reflection data collected in 1980 in the eastern Chukchi Sea: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-405, Report: 4 p.; Plate: 34.12 x 33.84 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86405.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Plate: 34.12 x 33.84 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0405/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48582,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0405/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":48583,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0405/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chukchi Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -170.48583984375,\n              66.08936427047088\n            ],\n            [\n              -170.48583984375,\n              71.10254274232307\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.1142578125,\n              71.10254274232307\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.1142578125,\n              66.08936427047088\n            ],\n            [\n              -170.48583984375,\n              66.08936427047088\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4840","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grantz, Arthur agrantz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grantz","given":"Arthur","email":"agrantz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":180344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, Dennis M.","contributorId":50528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Steven D.","contributorId":56194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Steven D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":19180,"text":"ofr86492 - 1986 - A summary of municipal pumpage for the Fresno area, California, 1931-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:30","indexId":"ofr86492","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-492","title":"A summary of municipal pumpage for the Fresno area, California, 1931-80","docAbstract":"Municipal pumpage data for 1931-80 is summarized for the Fresno area, California. Pumpage data for 269 wells were compiled for the cities of Fresno and Clovis, Fresno County, and other nearby water districts. Municipal pumpage for wells in the city of Fresno increased from 7,690 million in 1931 to 23,924 million gallons in 1980. The data will be used by Fresno County to assist in the development of water management plan for the Fresno area. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86492","usgsCitation":"Guay, J.R., and Mitten, H., 1986, A summary of municipal pumpage for the Fresno area, California, 1931-80: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-492, 21 p. map ;111 x 79 sheet +1 pamphlet (21 p. ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86492.","productDescription":"21 p. map ;111 x 79 sheet +1 pamphlet (21 p. ; 28 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0492/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48646,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0492/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":48647,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0492/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aedaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guay, J. R.","contributorId":108127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guay","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitten, H. T.","contributorId":88735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitten","given":"H. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":19324,"text":"ofr8722 - 1986 - Unusual, high-temperature, iron-rich, mineral phases produced by natural burning of coal seams; analytical data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:32","indexId":"ofr8722","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-22","title":"Unusual, high-temperature, iron-rich, mineral phases produced by natural burning of coal seams; analytical data","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8722","usgsCitation":"Herring, J., and Modreski, P., 1986, Unusual, high-temperature, iron-rich, mineral phases produced by natural burning of coal seams; analytical data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-22, 38 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8722.","productDescription":"38 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0022/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48795,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0022/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60eba8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herring, J. R.","contributorId":43348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Modreski, P.J.","contributorId":98335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Modreski","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":67105,"text":"i1420(NG17) - 1986 - Quaternary geologic map of the Florida Keys 4° x 6° quadrangle, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-25T16:45:57.324291","indexId":"i1420(NG17)","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1420(NG-17)","subseriesTitle":"GAUS","title":"Quaternary geologic map of the Florida Keys 4° x 6° quadrangle, United States","docAbstract":"<p>This map is part of the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States (I-1420). It was first published as a printed edition in 1986. The geologic data have now been captured digitally and are presented here along with images of the printed map sheet and component parts as PDF files.</p><p>The Quaternary Geologic Map of the Florida Keys 4° x 6° Quadrangle was mapped as part of the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States. The atlas was begun as an effort to depict the areal distribution of surficial geologic deposits and other materials that accumulated or formed during the past 2+ million years, the period that includes all activities of the human species. These materials are at the surface of the Earth. They make up the ground on which we walk, the dirt in which we dig foundations, and the soil in which we grow crops. Most of our human activity is related in one way or another to these surface materials that are referred to collectively by many geologists as regolith, the mantle of fragmental and generally unconsolidated material that overlies the bedrock foundation of the continent. The maps were compiled at 1:1,000,000 scale.</p><p>In recent years, surficial deposits and materials have become the focus of much interest by scientists, environmentalists, governmental agencies, and the general public. They are the foundations of ecosystems, the materials that support plant growth and animal habitat, and the materials through which travels much of the water required for our agriculture, our industry, and our general well being. They also are materials that easily can become contaminated by pesticides, fertilizers, and toxic wastes. In this context, the value of the surficial geologic map is evident.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1420(NG17)","usgsCitation":"Knapp, M.S., Weide, D.L., Richmond, G.M., and Fullerton, D.S., 1986, Quaternary geologic map of the Florida Keys 4° x 6° quadrangle, United States: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1420(NG-17), Report: 7 p.; 1 Plate: 43.78 x 29.29 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1420(NG17).","productDescription":"Report: 7 p.; 1 Plate: 43.78 x 29.29 inches","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":14296,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-1420/ng-17/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":106726,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_9201.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"9201"},{"id":189479,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"1000000","country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.91842546339011,\n              24.473681194295608\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.87010058891428,\n              24.6721665074883\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.40497351150135,\n              24.967680852169565\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.2368121835144,\n              25.36598598960147\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.45148621924272,\n              25.191280563634038\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.92734699844227,\n              24.863844111939528\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.47476578955049,\n              24.82163548987569\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.92200336398567,\n              24.63314507358149\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.91842546339011,\n              24.473681194295608\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a273","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Scott, Thomas M.","contributorId":45683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749864,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}],"editors":[{"text":"Richmond, Gerald M.","contributorId":87165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Gerald M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749863,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Knapp, Michael S.","contributorId":58252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knapp","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weide, David L.","contributorId":48537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weide","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richmond, Gerald Martin","contributorId":10873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"Martin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fullerton, David S. fullerton@usgs.gov","contributorId":448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fullerton","given":"David","email":"fullerton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":275607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":44671,"text":"pp1435 - 1986 - Geologic implications of Paleozoic and Mesozoic paleontology and biostratigraphy, Blue Mountains province, Oregon and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-25T18:37:39","indexId":"pp1435","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1435","title":"Geologic implications of Paleozoic and Mesozoic paleontology and biostratigraphy, Blue Mountains province, Oregon and Idaho","docAbstract":"This volume contains, besides the present review, seven papers on the biostratigraphy of pre-Tertiary rocks in the Blue Mountains province. Geologic implications of the faunal data are discussed in the context of terrane analyses. Most of the authors agree that the pre-Tertiary rocks of this province were formed in a complex island arc within a low-latitude faunal realm and subsequently moved northward and accreted to the North American continent. The use of different terrane names for parts of the Blue Mountains province by different authors may lead to some confusion. We suggest that future authors use the term \"Blue Mountains island arc\" for the pre-Tertiary province and, if there is a need for subdivision, that they use the terrane names proposed by Silberling and others (1984).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp1435","usgsCitation":"Brooks, H.C., 1986, Geologic implications of Paleozoic and Mesozoic paleontology and biostratigraphy, Blue Mountains province, Oregon and Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1435, v, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1435.","productDescription":"v, 93 p.","numberOfPages":"110","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":279484,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1435/report.pdf"},{"id":169210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1435/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Blue Mountains Region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.0,44.0 ], [ -120.0,46.5 ], [ -115.5,46.5 ], [ -115.5,44.0 ], [ -120.0,44.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a54f3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Vallier, T.L.","contributorId":69526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallier","given":"T.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749905,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, Howard C.","contributorId":79393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38536,"text":"pp1319 - 1986 - Floods of April 1979, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-05T12:51:27","indexId":"pp1319","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1319","title":"Floods of April 1979, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia","docAbstract":"A major storm April 11-13, 1979, following a series of storms in March and April, brought large amounts of rainfall over southeastern United States. Heaviest rain fell over north-central Mississippi and Alabama. A maximum of 21.5 inches was observed at Louisville, 14 SE, Mississippi. Floods in Mississippi and Alabama were the maximum of record at 60 streamflow gaging stations in the Coosa, Alabama, Tombigbee, Chickasawhay, Pearl, and Big Black River basins. On the Pearl River, peak discharges at main stem gaging stations generally approached or exceeded those of the great flood of 1874, and recurrence intervals generally were greater than 100 years. Nine lives were reported lost. Estimated damages totaled nearly $400 million. Seventeen thousand people were driven from their homes in Jackson, Mississippi. This report presents analyses of the meterological settings of the storms, summaries of flood stages and discharges at 221 streamflow gaging stations, stages and contents of 10 reservoirs, flood-crest stages and hydrograph data consisting of gage height, discharge, and accumulated runoff at selected times, at 46 gaging stations, groundwater fluctuations in 11 observation wells, and water salinity and temperature at 22 sites along the Intracoastal Waterway in Mobile Bay. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1319","usgsCitation":"Edelen, G., Wilson, K., Harkins, J., Miller, J., and Chin, E., 1986, Floods of April 1979, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1319, 212 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1319.","productDescription":"212 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1319/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65302,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1319/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, 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,{"id":48969,"text":"ofr86450B - 1986 - GS MRDS : a system based on the data fields used in the national MRDS system but using dBASE III and a microcomputer (IBM PC) or compatible) for organizing data on mineral resource occurrences and providing tabular and graphic output","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-15T08:26:07","indexId":"ofr86450B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-450","chapter":"B","title":"GS MRDS : a system based on the data fields used in the national MRDS system but using dBASE III and a microcomputer (IBM PC) or compatible) for organizing data on mineral resource occurrences and providing tabular and graphic output","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr86450B","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Taylor, R.B., Selner, G.I., and Johnson, B.R., 1986, GS MRDS : a system based on the data fields used in the national MRDS system but using dBASE III and a microcomputer (IBM PC) or compatible) for organizing data on mineral resource occurrences and providing tabular and graphic output: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-450, ii, 69 p. : ill. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86450B.","productDescription":"ii, 69 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267482,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0450b/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b15aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Richard B.","contributorId":19539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selner, Gary I.","contributorId":42254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selner","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Bruce R.","contributorId":100009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":44431,"text":"wri864166 - 1986 - Quality of water resources of the Ouachita National Forest, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:32","indexId":"wri864166","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4166","title":"Quality of water resources of the Ouachita National Forest, Arkansas","docAbstract":"Surface water and groundwater quality was documented in the Ouachita National Forest by collecting surface water quality data at 15 points and groundwater quality data at 11 sites from April 1984 through August 1985. The data were compared to drinking water standards and the results are tabulated. Surface water in the Ouachita National Forest is relatively abundant. It is low in mineralization and chemically suitable for most uses with minimal treatment. Groundwater is relatively scarce. The low yields of wells limit the use of groundwater primarily to domestic use. The water is chemically suitable for most purposes but may require treatment for the removal of iron. (Peters-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri864166","usgsCitation":"Cole, E.F., and Morris, E.E., 1986, Quality of water resources of the Ouachita National Forest, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4166, 2 maps ; 26 x 43 cm. and 22 x 27 cm., on sheet 89 x 113 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864166.","productDescription":"2 maps ; 26 x 43 cm. and 22 x 27 cm., on sheet 89 x 113 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81733,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4166/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8ae4b07f02db6515d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cole, Elizabeth F.","contributorId":72449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morris, E. E.","contributorId":93493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44440,"text":"wri864040 - 1986 - Ground-water availability in the Black River Basin, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:31","indexId":"wri864040","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4040","title":"Ground-water availability in the Black River Basin, New York","docAbstract":"There are three maps in this set, which were prepared in 1966-68 as part of a study on the water resources of the Black River basin in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. The data presented on the maps show well locations, well yield from bedrock aquifers, and well yield from unconsolidated aquifers. The well location map shows locations of all wells represented in the initial report. The well yields given on the bedrock aquifer map were recorrelated with the most recent New York State geologic maps; the well yields shown on the unconsolidated aquifer map are correlated with a surficial geology map of the area. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri864040","usgsCitation":"Waller, R.M., 1986, Ground-water availability in the Black River Basin, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4040, 3 maps ; 65 x 100 cm., on sheets 76 x 104 cm., folded in envelope 33 x 26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864040.","productDescription":"3 maps ; 65 x 100 cm., on sheets 76 x 104 cm., folded in envelope 33 x 26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81755,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4040/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81756,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4040/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81757,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4040/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66d37f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, Roger Milton","contributorId":22320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"Milton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44441,"text":"wri864041 - 1986 - Surficial geology and ground-water availability in the Allegheny River basin and part of the Lake Erie basin, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-06T18:25:17.387303","indexId":"wri864041","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4041","title":"Surficial geology and ground-water availability in the Allegheny River basin and part of the Lake Erie basin, New York","docAbstract":"<p>New York State 's need to develop a groundwater management program for protection of its aquifers led in 1985 to a cooperative program between the U.S. Geological Survey and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (through regional planning agencies) to publish data from previous studies. The two maps presented are from original compilations done in a 1967 study. Sheet 1 depicts the surficial geology as mapped in 1967; sheet 2 shows the groundwater availability (well yield) throughout the basin. These maps are presented at 1:250 ,000 scale for compatibility with published maps of adjacent river basins.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864041","usgsCitation":"Frimpter, M.H., 1986, Surficial geology and ground-water availability in the Allegheny River basin and part of the Lake Erie basin, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4041, 2 Plates: 30.19 × 20.31 inches and 30.82 × 20.40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864041.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 30.19 × 20.31 inches and 30.82 × 20.40 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81759,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4041/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81758,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4041/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":398249,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36505.htm"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Allegheny River basin, Lake Erie basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.749,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              -78,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              -78,\n              42.557\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.749,\n              42.557\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.749,\n              42\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688c46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frimpter, Michael H.","contributorId":8074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frimpter","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44445,"text":"wri864059 - 1986 - Generalized potentiometric surface of the Catahoula aquifer in central Louisiana, 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-20T09:41:43","indexId":"wri864059","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4059","title":"Generalized potentiometric surface of the Catahoula aquifer in central Louisiana, 1980","docAbstract":"Generalized contours of the altitude of water levels in wells completed in the Catahoula aquifer in central Louisiana, are illustrated by this map. Most water level measurements used in compiling the map were made in 1980; however, in parts of the State where water levels from 1980 were unavailable and where evidence indicated little change in water level, some measurements from as early as 1961 and as late as 1982 were used. Groundwater levels in and near the outcrop areas fluctuate 2 ft or less yearly and no significant long-term declines have occurred. The slow downward trend in water level altitude since early 1976 may be caused by pumpage from the Catahoula aquifer by a rural water system approximately 3 miles away. Recharge to the Catahoula aquifer occurs by rainfall on the upland outcrop-subcrop areas. Saltwater occurs throughout the Catahoula aquifer downgradient from the outcrop area. The ' approximate limit of freshwater ' line on the map indicates the downgradient limit of water with a concentration of chloride &lt; 250 mg/L; the line was determined using water quality data and analysis of resistivity curves from geophysical well logs. Water from the Catahoula aquifer is used for municipal, industrial, and domestic purposes. Total pumpage from the aquifer in Louisiana was slightly over 1.1 million gallons/day in 1980. Local cones of depression result from pumpage just east of Anacoco in Vernon Parish and northwest of Jonesville in Catahoula Parish. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri864059","usgsCitation":"Martin, A., and Whiteman, C.D., 1986, Generalized potentiometric surface of the Catahoula aquifer in central Louisiana, 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4059, 1 Plate: 35.86 x 22.96 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864059.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 35.86 x 22.96 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366594,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4059/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":173742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4059/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aecc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Angel Jr.","contributorId":42571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Angel","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whiteman, Charles D. Jr.","contributorId":108081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiteman","given":"Charles","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":35005,"text":"b1583 - 1986 - Applications of U.S. Geological Survey digital cartographic products, 1979-1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T14:49:40","indexId":"b1583","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1583","title":"Applications of U.S. Geological Survey digital cartographic products, 1979-1983","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey prepares and distributes fundamental, multipurpose cartographic data to a wide range of users throughout the United States. Recognizing that traditional cartographic procedures will eventually be replaced by digital techniques, the USGS is now actively developing computer-based methods to produce digital cartographic products. The digital cartographic products currently being developed parallel the traditional map-based information but have the advantage that they can be used in a computer environment. The digital cartographic products include: 1) digital elevation models (DEM's), 2) digital land use and land cover data, and 3) digital line graphs (DLG's). In addition, digital terrain tapes (DTT's) that were developed by the Defense Mapping Agency are currently available through the USGS. As with conventional map products, the digital products are suitable for efficient application to a variety of problems. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/b1583","usgsCitation":"Loveland, T., and Ramey, B., 1986, Applications of U.S. Geological Survey digital cartographic products, 1979-1983: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1583, v, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1583.","productDescription":"v, 44 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":62946,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1583/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":165489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1583/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a4bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":3005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":213966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramey, Benjamin S.","contributorId":21206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Benjamin S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44468,"text":"wri854094 - 1986 - Geohydrology of the glacial-outwash aquifer in the Baldwinsville area, Seneca River, Onondaga County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:11","indexId":"wri854094","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4094","title":"Geohydrology of the glacial-outwash aquifer in the Baldwinsville area, Seneca River, Onondaga County, New York","docAbstract":"Seven sheets of map data comprise this geohydrologic report. Sheet 1, surficial geology, illustrates the distribution of: open water areas; artificial fill; made land; urban land; alluvial silt and sand; alluvial sand and gravel; peat, marl, muck and clay; lake silt and/or clay; delta sand and gravel; beach sand and gravel; outwash sand and gravel; ice contact sand and ground; thick till cover bedrock; and thin till over bedrock over the Baldwinsville Area. Sheet 2, geologic sections, shows the layering of the aforementioned components below the surface layer. Sheet 3 illustrates the water infiltration of soil zone. Sheet 4 depicts the aquifer thickness. Sheet 5 illustrates the potentiometric surface, and Sheet 6 the well yield. Finally, Sheet 7 shows the land use in the region, specifically: industrial and extractive; commercial and services; transportation; farmland; forestland; residential; open public land; and water and wetlands. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri854094","usgsCitation":"Pagano, T.S., Terry, D.B., and Ingram, A.W., 1986, Geohydrology of the glacial-outwash aquifer in the Baldwinsville area, Seneca River, Onondaga County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4094, 6 maps and 4 cross sections on 7 sheets ; 92 x 122 cm., on sheets 106 x 148 cm. and 92 x 96 cm., folded in envelope 40 x 30 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854094.","productDescription":"6 maps and 4 cross sections on 7 sheets ; 92 x 122 cm., on sheets 106 x 148 cm. and 92 x 96 cm., folded in envelope 40 x 30 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81799,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4094/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81800,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4094/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81801,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4094/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81802,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4094/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81803,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4094/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81804,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4094/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81805,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4094/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8857","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pagano, Timothy S.","contributorId":9628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pagano","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Terry, David B.","contributorId":102045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terry","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingram, Arlynn W.","contributorId":10015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingram","given":"Arlynn","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":35288,"text":"b1666 - 1986 - Geologic and grade-tonnage information on Tertiary epithermal precious- and base-metal vein districts associated with volcanic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:43","indexId":"b1666","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1666","title":"Geologic and grade-tonnage information on Tertiary epithermal precious- and base-metal vein districts associated with volcanic rocks","docAbstract":"Data on grades, tonnages, and geology of selected Tertiary epithermal precious- and base-metal vein districts associated with volcanic rocks were tabulated for ease of examination and comparison of characteristics between districts.  There are 215 districts listed, with a cumulative tonnage of 709 million metric tons and average grades of 4.7 g/t Au, 224 g/t Ag, 0.16 percent Cu, 0.55 percent Pb, and 0.83 percent Zn, representing about 60 percent of world districts.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/b1666","usgsCitation":"Mosier, D.L., Menzie, W.D., and Kleinhampl, F., 1986, Geologic and grade-tonnage information on Tertiary epithermal precious- and base-metal vein districts associated with volcanic rocks: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1666, iii, 39 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1666.","productDescription":"iii, 39 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3400,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b1666/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a839c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosier, Dan L.","contributorId":42593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosier","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":214384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Menzie, W. David","contributorId":15645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":214383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kleinhampl, Frank J.","contributorId":105297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinhampl","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":214385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":38545,"text":"pp1335 - 1986 - Observations of the eruptions of July 22 and August 7, 1980, at Mount St. Helens, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:32","indexId":"pp1335","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1335","title":"Observations of the eruptions of July 22 and August 7, 1980, at Mount St. Helens, Washington","docAbstract":"The explosive eruptions of July 22 and August 7, 1980, at Mount St. Helens, Wash., both included multiple eruptive pulses. The beginnings of three of the pulses-two on July 22 and one on August 7-were witnessed and photographed. Each of these three began with a fountain of gases and pyroclasts that collapsed around the vent and generated a pyroclastic density flow. Significant vertical-eruption columns developed only after the density flows were generated. This behavior is attributable to either an increase in the gas content of the eruption jet or a decrease in vent radius with time. An increase in the gas content may have occurred as the vent was cleared (by expulsion of a plug of pyroclasts) or as the eruption began to tap deeper, gas-rich magma after first expelling the upper, gas-depleted part of the magma body. An effective decrease of the vent radius with time may have occurred as the eruption originated from progressively deeper levels in the vent. All of these processes-vent clearing; tapping of deeper, gas-rich magma; and effective decrease in vent radius-probably operated to some extent. A 'relief-valve' mechanism is proposed here to account for the occurrence of multiple eruptive pulses. This mechanism requires that the conduit above the magma body be filled with a bed of pyroclasts, and that the vesiculation rate in the magma body be inadequate to sustain continuous eruption. During a repose interval, vesiculation of the magma body would cause gas to flow upward through the bed of pyroclasts. If the rate at which the magma produced gas exceeded the rate at which gas escaped to the atmosphere, the vertical pressure difference across the bed of pyroclastic debris would increase, as would the gas-flow rate. Eventually a gas-flow rate would be achieved that would suddenly diminish the ability of the bed to maintain a pressure difference between the magma body and the atmosphere. The bed of pyroclasts would then be expelled (that is, the relief valve would open) and an eruption would commence. During the eruption, gas would be lost faster than it could be replaced by vesiculation, so the gas-flow rate in the conduit would decrease. Eventually the gas-flow rate would decrease to a value that would be inadequate to expel pyroclasts, so the conduit would again become choked with pyroclasts (that is, the relief valve would close). Another period of repose would commence. The eruption/repose sequence would be repeated until gas-production rates were inadequate to reopen the valve, either because the depth of the pyroclast bed had become too great, the volatile content of the magma had become too low, or the magma had been expended. \r\n\r\nA timed sequence of photographs of a pyroclastic density flow on August 7 indicates that, in general, the velocity of the flow front was determined by the underlying topography. Observations and details of the velocity/topography relationship suggest that both pyroclastic flows and pyroclastic surges formed. The following mechanism is consistent with the data. During initial fountain collapse and when the flow passed over steep, irregular terrain, a highly inflated suspension of gases and pyroclasts formed. In this suspension, the pyroclasts underwent rapid differential settling according to size and density; a relatively low-concentration, fine-grained upper phase formed over a relatively high-concentration coarse-grained phase. The low-particle-concentration phase (the pyroclastic surge) was subject to lower internal friction than the basal high-concentration phase (the pyroclastic flow), and so accelerated away from it. The surge advanced until it had deposited so much of its solid fraction that its net density became less than that of the ambient air. At this point it rose convectively off the ground, quickly decelerated, and was overtaken by the pyroclastic flow. \r\n\r\nThe behavior of the flow of August 7 suggests that a pyroclastic density flow probably expands through the ingestion of ai","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1335","usgsCitation":"Hoblitt, R.P., 1986, Observations of the eruptions of July 22 and August 7, 1980, at Mount St. Helens, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1335, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1335.","productDescription":"44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1335/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65313,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1335/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db649283","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoblitt, Richard P. rhoblitt@usgs.gov","contributorId":1937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoblitt","given":"Richard","email":"rhoblitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":220032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":40070,"text":"ofr85648D - 1986 - Data on ground-water quality for the Lund 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle, eastern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-18T11:32:36.542254","indexId":"ofr85648D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-648","chapter":"D","title":"Data on ground-water quality for the Lund 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle, eastern Nevada","docAbstract":"Water quality data for groundwater were compiled for the Lund 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle which covers a portion of eastern Nevada. Chemical characteristics of the water are shown on a map (at a scale of 1:250,000) and on trilinear diagrams for the major ions. The data for the area are also presented in a table. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85648D","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., and Williams, R.P., 1986, Data on ground-water quality for the Lund 1 degree x 2 degree quadrangle, eastern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-648, 2 Plates: 44.17 x 31.24 inches and 32.17 x 18.63 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85648D.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 44.17 x 31.24 inches and 32.17 x 18.63 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":68485,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648d/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":68486,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0648d/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667404","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":41828,"text":"ofr86135 - 1986 - Approximate change in water levels in wells in the Chicot and Evangeline Aquifers 1977-86 and 1985-86, and measured compaction 1973-86, in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T16:04:23","indexId":"ofr86135","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-135","title":"Approximate change in water levels in wells in the Chicot and Evangeline Aquifers 1977-86 and 1985-86, and measured compaction 1973-86, in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>This report consists of: (1) Four maps that present data on water level changes during 1977-86 and 1985-86 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston, Texas, and (2) one set of graphs and one map that present data on land subsidence and compaction of subsurface materials for 1973-86. (USGS)</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr86135","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.F., and Ranzau, C., 1986, Approximate change in water levels in wells in the Chicot and Evangeline Aquifers 1977-86 and 1985-86, and measured compaction 1973-86, in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-135, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86135.","productDescription":"9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":79552,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0135/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":168924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0135/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691de0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, James Frank III","contributorId":102535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"Frank","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ranzau, C.E. Jr.","contributorId":41831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ranzau","given":"C.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}