Urban ammonia (NH3) emissions contribute to poor local air quality and can be transported to rural landscapes, impacting sensitive ecosystems. The Colorado Front Range urban corridor encompasses the Denver Metropolitan Area, rural farmland/rangeland and montane forest between the city and the Rocky Mountains. Reactive nitrogen emissions from the corridor are partly responsible for increased N deposition to the wildland-urban interface (WUI) in this region. To determine the significance of individual NH3 sources to WUI ecosystems, we measured the concentration and isotopic composition (δ15N–NH3) of ambient NH3(g) from April to October 2018 across a five-site urban to rural gradient in the corridor. The urban sites had higher NH3 concentrations and δ15N–NH3 values than the rural/suburban sites. Based on isotope mixing models, NH3 emission source contributions for all sites were fertilizer (12 ± 5.7%), livestock waste (18 ± 12%), vehicles (37 ± 23%), and biomass burning (34 ± 20%). Vehicle contributions were consistent across all months with an average of 35% and summer months showed a peak in biomass burning contributions (40%). As wildfires are projected to increase due to climate change, we stress a need for constraints on the isotopic signature of NH3 emitted from wildfires. Vehicle emissions contributed the greatest amount of NH3 (40%) at the urban sites while rural/suburban sites had higher agricultural contributions (41%). Had 2018 not had an anomalously high wildfire season, 46% and 60% of the NH3 would have been attributed to vehicle emissions at the WUI site and urban sites, respectively. NH3 emissions have historically been ascribed to agricultural activities but these findings illustrate the universal significance of vehicle emissions and the potential for sustained wildfire activity to be a primary contributor to NH3. Air quality (e.g., particulate matter) and nitrogen deposition reduction plans may benefit by including management practices that address vehicle NH3 emissions.
Earthquakes on strike-slip faults are preserved in the geomorphic record by offset landforms that span a range of displacements, from small offsets created in the most recent earthquake (MRE) to large offsets that record cumulative slip from multiple prior events. An exponential decay in the number of large cumulative offsets has been observed on many faults, and a leading hypothesis is that climate controls the rate of decay. We present offset measurements compiled from 31 studies of strike-slip faults with evidence of multiple paleoearthquakes and corresponding climatic and tectonic information to test this hypothesis. Both the global compilation and numerical landscape evolution modeling reveal that the decay rate in large offsets is negatively correlated with mean annual precipitation. Faults in dry regions with high drainage density more commonly preserve small MRE offsets, and faults in wet regions with lower drainage density more commonly preserve a mix of small MRE and large cumulative offsets. Geomorphology of faults in different climates supports this result and illustrates precipitation’s effect on the development and preservation of offset channels. Our findings imply that current and past climate affect how displacement on strike-slip faults is recorded and interpreted to inform earthquake history.
Habitat suitability is a consequence of interacting environmental factors. In riparian ecosystems, suitable plant habitat is influenced by interactions between stream hydrology and climate, hereafter referred to as “hydroclimate”. We tested the hypothesis that hydroclimate variables would improve the fit of ecological niche models for a suite of riparian species using occurrence data from the western United States. We focus on the climate conditions (temperature, precipitation and vapor pressure deficit) during the months of lowest and highest streamflow as integrative hydroclimate metrics of resource and stress levels. We found that the inclusion of hydroclimate variables improved model fit for all species in the western USA dataset. We then tested the utility of the improved habitat suitability models by projecting them onto a regulated segment of the Colorado River to assess potential impacts of streamflow seasonality on vegetation metrics of management concern. Species frequency derived from independent survey data in the Colorado River segment was significantly higher for species with predicted suitable habitat than for species without predicted suitable habitat. Under different simulated hydrographs for the Colorado River, overall species richness was predicted to be greatest with peak streamflows during summer, and native-to-non-native species ratios were predicted to be greatest with lowest streamflows in winter. Summer high flows were particularly associated with higher predicted habitat suitability for species that have increased in cover over recent decades (e.g., Pluchea sericea, Baccharis species). We conclude that hydroclimate covariates can be useful tools for predicting how riparian vegetation communities respond to changes in the seasonal timing of low and high streamflows.
Two radioactive elements, uranium (U) and radon (Rn), which are of potential concern in New Hampshire (NH) groundwater, are investigated. Exceedance probability maps are tools to highlight locations where the concentrations of undesirable substances in the groundwater may be elevated. Two forms of statistical analysis are used to create exceedance probability maps for U and Rn in NH groundwater. The first, Boosted Regression Tree (BRT), was selected for estimating U exceedance values. It computes exceedance values directly using the Bernoulli distribution function. The second method of statistical analysis used for Rn to determine exceedance probabilities is ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. In the process of determining exceedance probabilities for U and Rn, the utility of a new dataset is investigated. That new predictor dataset is the Multi-Order Hydrologic Position (MOHP) dataset. MOHP raster datasets have been produced nationally for the conterminous United States at a 30-m resolution. The concept behind MOHP is that, for any given point on the earth's surface, there is the potential for a longer groundwater flow path as one goes deeper beneath the land surface. MOHP predictors were tested in both models. Three MOHP predictors were found useful in the BRT model and two in the OLS model. MOHP data were found useful as predictors along with other site characteristics in predicting U and Rn exceedance probabilities in New Hampshire groundwater.
Seasonal movements cued by environmental variables are a critical component of riverine fish life history. Life-history events for species such as blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus are likely cued by discharge and temperature and may be disrupted if those life-history events and environmental regimes are mismatched. However, this effect may be dependent upon the habitat occupied when environmental cues are received by individuals. We tracked telemetered blue sucker in the Colorado River, Texas, USA, from 2015 to 2017 and modelled the relative effects of discharge, temperature and habitat structure on seasonal movement patterns. Tagged fish varied in their propensity to move, although most returned to their original tagging locations. Decreasing temperatures and increasing discharge resulted in increased seasonal movements. Temperature and discharge had the largest effect on movement behaviour, but the magnitude of movements was largely dependent on the year. Temperatures between 12 and 19°C and discharges between 10 and 240 m3s−1 resulted in greater probabilities of spawning movements. Spawning was most probable in 2015 and reduced or halted in 2016 and 2017. Future climate scenarios suggest North America will experience increased drought, warmer temperatures and more variable weather patterns. These future scenarios could negatively impact blue sucker by disrupting environmental cues and habitat availability for seasonal life-history events. Our results suggest temperature and discharge are critical cues for the species, but that their combined effect is largely dependent on the occupied habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12687","usgsCitation":"Acre, M.R., Grabowski, T.B., Leavitt, D.J., Smith, N.G., Pease, A.A., Bean, P.T., and Geeslin, D., 2023, Mismatch between temperature and discharge disrupts spawning cues in a fluvial specialist, blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 32, no. 2, p. 305-321, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12687.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"321","ipdsId":"IP-112567","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482336,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.75,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -97.75,\n 29.4\n ],\n [\n -96.25,\n 29.4\n ],\n [\n -96.25,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -97.75,\n 30.4\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Acre, Matthew Ross 0000-0002-5417-9523","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5417-9523","contributorId":268034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acre","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"Ross","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grabowski, Timothy B. 0000-0001-9763-8948 tgrabowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9763-8948","contributorId":4178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grabowski","given":"Timothy","email":"tgrabowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leavitt, Daniel J.","contributorId":338057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leavitt","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":81077,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Nathan G.","contributorId":268036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":55541,"text":"Heart of the Hills Fisheries Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pease, Allison A.","contributorId":201493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pease","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bean, Preston T.","contributorId":172956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bean","given":"Preston","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Geeslin, Dakus","contributorId":301932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geeslin","given":"Dakus","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62404,"text":"Texas Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70240254,"text":"70240254 - 2023 - Mismatch between temperature and discharge disrupts spawning cues in a fluvial specialist, blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T15:07:22.606179","indexId":"70240254","displayToPublicDate":"2022-10-31T09:07:45","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Mismatch between temperature and discharge disrupts spawning cues in a fluvial specialist, blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus","title":"Mismatch between temperature and discharge disrupts spawning cues in a fluvial specialist, blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus","docAbstract":"Seasonal movements cued by environmental variables are a critical component of riverine fish life history. Life-history events for species such as blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus are likely cued by discharge and temperature and may be disrupted if those life-history events and environmental regimes are mismatched. However, this effect may be dependent upon the habitat occupied when environmental cues are received by individuals. We tracked telemetered blue sucker in the Colorado River, Texas, USA, from 2015 to 2017 and modelled the relative effects of discharge, temperature and habitat structure on seasonal movement patterns. Tagged fish varied in their propensity to move, although most returned to their original tagging locations. Decreasing temperatures and increasing discharge resulted in increased seasonal movements. Temperature and discharge had the largest effect on movement behaviour, but the magnitude of movements was largely dependent on the year. Temperatures between 12 and 19°C and discharges between 10 and 240 m3s−1 resulted in greater probabilities of spawning movements. Spawning was most probable in 2015 and reduced or halted in 2016 and 2017. Future climate scenarios suggest North America will experience increased drought, warmer temperatures and more variable weather patterns. These future scenarios could negatively impact blue sucker by disrupting environmental cues and habitat availability for seasonal life-history events. Our results suggest temperature and discharge are critical cues for the species, but that their combined effect is largely dependent on the occupied habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12687","usgsCitation":"Acre, M.R., Grabowski, T.B., Leavitt, D., Smith, N.G., Pease, A.A., Bean, P.T., and Geeslin, D., 2023, Mismatch between temperature and discharge disrupts spawning cues in a fluvial specialist, blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 32, no. 2, p. 305-321, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12687.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"321","ipdsId":"IP-137756","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":412616,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"lower Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.86373123082404,\n 30.561041444362274\n ],\n [\n -97.86373123082404,\n 28.5\n ],\n [\n -95.2430023882664,\n 28.5\n ],\n [\n -95.2430023882664,\n 30.561041444362274\n ],\n [\n -97.86373123082404,\n 30.561041444362274\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Acre, Matthew Ross 0000-0002-5417-9523","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5417-9523","contributorId":268034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acre","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"Ross","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":863092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grabowski, Timothy B. 0000-0001-9763-8948 tgrabowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9763-8948","contributorId":4178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grabowski","given":"Timothy","email":"tgrabowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":863093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leavitt, Daniel J.","contributorId":268035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leavitt","given":"Daniel J.","affiliations":[{"id":55540,"text":"Naval Facilities Engineering Command Southwest","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Nathan G.","contributorId":268036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":55541,"text":"Heart of the Hills Fisheries Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pease, Allison A.","contributorId":201493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pease","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":863096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bean, Preston T.","contributorId":172956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bean","given":"Preston","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":863097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Geeslin, Dakus","contributorId":301932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geeslin","given":"Dakus","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62404,"text":"Texas Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70238054,"text":"70238054 - 2023 - Modeled distribution shifts of North American birds over four decades based on suitable climate alone do not predict observed shifts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-08T12:49:09.1771","indexId":"70238054","displayToPublicDate":"2022-10-30T06:45:51","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeled distribution shifts of North American birds over four decades based on suitable climate alone do not predict observed shifts","docAbstract":"As climate change alters the global environment, it is critical to understand the relationship between shifting climate suitability and species distributions. Key questions include whether observed changes in population abundance are aligned with the velocity and direction of shifts predicted by climate suitability models and if the responses are consistent among species with similar ecological traits. We examined the direction and velocity of the observed abundance-based distribution centroids compared with the model-predicted bioclimatic distribution centroids of 250 bird species across the United States from 1969 to 2011. We hypothesized that there is a significant positive correlation in both direction and velocity between the observed and the modeled shifts. We then tested five additional hypotheses that predicted differential shifting velocity based on ecological adaptability and climate change exposure. Contrary to our hypotheses, we found large differences between the observed and modeled shifts among all studied bird species and within specific ecological guilds. However, temperate migrants and habitat generalist species tended to have higher velocity of observed shifts than other species. Neotropical migratory and wetland birds also had significantly different observed velocities than their counterparts, which may be due to their climate change exposure. The velocity based on modeled bioclimatic suitability did not exhibit significant differences among most guilds. Boreal forest birds were the only guild with significantly faster modeled-shifts than the other groups, suggesting an elevated conservation risk for high latitude and altitude species. The highly idiosyncratic species responses to climate and the mismatch between shifts in modeled and observed distribution centroids highlight the challenge of predicting species distribution change based solely on climate suitability and the importance of non-climatic factors traits in shaping species distributions.
We produced a globally distributed catalog of earthquakes and nuclear explosions with calibrated hypocenters, referred to as the Global Catalog of Calibrated Earthquake Locations (GCCEL). This dataset currently contains 18,782 events in 289 clusters with >3.2 million arrival times observed at 19,258 stations. The term “calibrated” refers to the property that the hypocenters are minimally biased by unknown Earth structure. In addition, we calculate uncertainties using empirically determined variability of the arrival‐time data itself, specific to each calibrated cluster of hypocenters. Outliers in the arrival‐time dataset are removed based on measured variability of the data. In each cluster, we estimate the empirically determined uncertainty for each set of station‐phase arrival times. We use a version of the hypocentroidal decomposition multiple event relocation algorithm specifically adapted for calibrated relocations of clusters of seismic events. Most clusters are calibrated by fitting the subset of direct crustal first arrivals (Pg and Sg) with a locally appropriate travel‐time model to estimate the cluster hypocentroid. A few clusters are calibrated by aligning the pattern of relative locations in space and time with one or more events for which a ground‐truth hypocenter is available from an independent source with known uncertainty, such as a nuclear explosion. Epicentral uncertainties in GCCEL typically range from 1 to 5 km with a 90% confidence interval. Most events have depth constraint from one or more sources, usually with an uncertainty of ≤5 km. GCCEL is a significant resource for research at local, regional, and global scales because it provides minimally biased absolute hypocenters, meaningful associated error estimates, and curated arrival times as a reference dataset that can be used as prior constraints in the development of new regional, national, and global earthquake catalogs; validation of new location techniques; and the generation of advanced Earth models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220220217","usgsCitation":"Bergman, E.A., Benz, H.M., Yeck, W.L., Karasözen, E., Engdahl, E., Ghods, A., Hayes, G., and Earle, P.S., 2023, A global catalog of calibrated earthquake locations: Seismological Research Letters, v. 94, no. 1, p. 485-495, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220220217.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"485","endPage":"495","ipdsId":"IP-134306","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":435566,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P95R8K8G","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Global Catalog of Calibrated Earthquake Locations"},{"id":408855,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","volume":"94","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergman, Eric A. 0000-0002-7069-8286","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-8286","contributorId":84513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yeck, William L. 0000-0002-2801-8873 wyeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2801-8873","contributorId":147558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeck","given":"William","email":"wyeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Karasözen, Ezgi","contributorId":298619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karasözen","given":"Ezgi","affiliations":[{"id":64627,"text":"Alaska Earthquake Center, University of Alaska-Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engdahl, E. Robert","contributorId":298620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engdahl","given":"E. Robert","affiliations":[{"id":36627,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ghods, Abdolreza","contributorId":244222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ghods","given":"Abdolreza","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48866,"text":"Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":6157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Earle, Paul S. 0000-0002-3500-017X pearle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3500-017X","contributorId":173551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earle","given":"Paul","email":"pearle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70241095,"text":"70241095 - 2023 - A hydrologic perspective of major U.S. droughts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T15:25:36.985892","indexId":"70241095","displayToPublicDate":"2022-10-26T09:11:43","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2032,"text":"International Journal of Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hydrologic perspective of major U.S. droughts","docAbstract":"Drought is a recurring natural hazard that has substantial human and environmental impacts. Given continued global warming and associated climate change, there is concern that droughts could become more severe and longer lasting. To better monitor and understand drought development and persistence, it is helpful to understand the development and climatic drivers of past droughts. In this study we use monthly runoff percentiles to identify five major drought events in the conterminous United States (CONUS) from 1901 through 2020. For each drought event we examined spatial patterns of departures of mean monthly precipitation, temperature, soil moisture storage, and runoff for 2,107 hydrologic units (HUs) across the CONUS. Results indicated that precipitation deficits have been the primary driver of past major-drought events and temperature a secondary driver, even of the most recent drought event (September 1999 through September 2015) when positive temperature anomalies occurred over most of the CONUS. Additionally, negative soil moisture storage departures were more negative than runoff departures during the five drought events we examined, which emphasizes the importance of measuring both runoff and soil moisture to monitor drought conditions. We also examined the use of statistical persistence to develop short-term (i.e., 1 month) forecasts of runoff drought conditions in the CONUS by developing autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models for each HU. Results indicated that persistence can be used to predict short-term changes in the spatial pattern of drought and the areal extent of drought, but that predictions of runoff magnitude for any particular site are often poor.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1002/joc.7904","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G.J., Wolock, D.M., Lombard, M.A., Dudley, R.W., Hammond, J.C., Hecht, J.S., Hodgkins, G.A., Olson, C.G., Sando, R., Simeone, C.E., and Wieczorek, M.E., 2023, A hydrologic perspective of major U.S. droughts: International Journal of Climatology, v. 43, no. 3, p. 1234-1250, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7904.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1234","endPage":"1250","ipdsId":"IP-140211","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":413901,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n 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csimeone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3263-6452","contributorId":221126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simeone","given":"Caelan","email":"csimeone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":866020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael E. 0000-0003-3114-8369 mewieczo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-8369","contributorId":302956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":866021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70254842,"text":"70254842 - 2023 - Geomorphology shapes relationships between animal communities and ecosystem function in large rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-12T00:05:24.430001","indexId":"70254842","displayToPublicDate":"2022-10-25T19:04:10","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphology shapes relationships between animal communities and ecosystem function in large rivers","docAbstract":"Understanding how the Earth's surface (i.e. ‘nature's stage') influences connections between biodiversity and ecosystem function (BEF) is a central objective in ecology. Despite recent calls to examine these connections at multiple trophic levels and at more complex and realistic scales, little is known about how landscape structure shapes BEF relationships among animal communities in nature. We coupled high-resolution habitat mapping with extensive field sampling to quantify connections among the geophysical habitat templet, invertebrate assemblages and secondary production in two large North American riverscapes. Patterns of sediment size governed invertebrate assemblage structure, with particularly strong effects on composition, richness and taxonomic and functional diversity. These relationships propagated to drive positive relationships between biodiversity and secondary production that were modified by scale, context-dependencies and anthropogenic modification. Finally, leveraging spatially-explicit descriptions of geophysical and biological properties, we uncovered distinct and nested spatial scales of biodiversity and secondary production, and suggest that multiple geophysical processes simultaneously influence these patterns at different scales. Together, our findings advance our understanding of relationships between the physical templet and patterns of BEF, and help to predict how perturbations to the Earth's surface may propagate to influence biodiversity and energy flux through food webs.
Uranium‑lead perovskite in situ geochronology has become a cornerstone technique for determining the emplacement timing of alkaline, ultrapotassic, and silica-undersaturated igneous rocks, kimberlites, and carbonatites. Accurate in situ dates are dependent on the availability of matrix matched mineral reference materials which themselves are chemically well characterized and dated accurately to the highest possible precision. When dating perovskite to high precision, such as by isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS), appropriately accounting and correcting for the quantity and isotopic composition of Pb incorporated into the crystal upon crystallization (Pbi) is a large source of uncertainty and potential inaccuracy. Unfortunately, although ultra-high precision perovskite dates are attainable with modern mass spectrometry techniques, the accuracy of applied Pbi compositions, which can be a considerable percentage of total Pb in a crystal, has not kept pace, resulting in percent level inaccuracy on precisely measured isotopic ratios.
In an effort to characterize the age and initial Pb isotopic composition of a readily available, relatively pure perovskite endmember (93–98%) which will be useful as a matrix matched age reference material for in situ U-Pb geochronology, we date crystals isolated from three samples from the Ice River Complex (samples 81IR6, I90.3, and I92.30) by ID-TIMS and evaluate their suitability as known-age reference materials. We directly determine the isotopic composition of Pbi in each sample by ID-TIMS measurement of cogenetic low 238U/204Pb (μ < 500) phlogopite, apatite, and/or clinopyroxene. Using these initial common Pb isotopic compositions, which are significantly more radiogenic than those predicted by age appropriate Pb evolution models, we obtain ultra-precise weighted-mean 206Pb/238U perovskite dates of 355.83 ± 0.14, 355.04 ± 0.15, and 357.34 ± 0.12 Ma on the three Ice River samples, respectively. These dates are consistent with the relative emplacement ages previously established for units in the Ice River layered ultramafic series based on field relationships. They also demonstrate the feasibility of attaining accurate perovskite dates in instances when maximum precision is critical by utilizing ID-TIMS analysis of cogenetic low uranium phases for direct measurement of Pbi.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elesvier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.121187","usgsCitation":"Burgess, S.D., Heaman, L.M., and Bowring, S.A., 2023, High-precision ID-TIMS U-Pb geochronology of perovskite (CaTiO3) from the Ice River Complex, southeastern British Columbia: Chemical Geology, v. 616, 121187, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.121187.","productDescription":"121187, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-139900","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.121187","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":412023,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"British Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Ice River Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.34950948827608,\n 51.223598537476136\n ],\n [\n -116.35438310285049,\n 51.09829987106596\n ],\n [\n -116.17649617088217,\n 51.09829439916399\n ],\n [\n -116.1911170146057,\n 51.22360289128022\n ],\n [\n -116.34950948827608,\n 51.223598537476136\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"616","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burgess, Seth D. 0000-0002-4238-3797 sburgess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-3797","contributorId":200371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgess","given":"Seth","email":"sburgess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":861755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heaman, Larry M 0000-0002-4456-9560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4456-9560","contributorId":301017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heaman","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":861756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowring, Samuel A.","contributorId":271058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowring","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":861757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70237753,"text":"70237753 - 2023 - Optical properties of dissolved organic matter in throughfall and stemflow vary across tree species and season in a temperate headwater forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T16:37:55.107707","indexId":"70237753","displayToPublicDate":"2022-10-20T09:37:41","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optical properties of dissolved organic matter in throughfall and stemflow vary across tree species and season in a temperate headwater forest","docAbstract":"Tree-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) comprises a significant carbon flux within forested watersheds. Few studies have assessed the optical properties of tree-derived DOM. To increase understanding of the factors controlling tree-derived DOM quality, we measured DOM optical properties, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and calcium concentrations in throughfall and stemflow for 17 individual rain events during summer and fall in a temperate deciduous forest in Vermont, United States. DOC and calcium fluxes in throughfall and stemflow were enriched on average 4 to 70 times incident fluxes in rain. A multiway model was developed using absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy to further characterize DOM optical properties. Throughfall contained a higher percentage of protein-like DOM fluorescence than stemflow while stemflow was characterized by a higher percentage of humic-like DOM fluorescence. DOM absorbance spectral slopes in yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis) stemflow were significantly higher than in sugar maple (Acer saccharum) stemflow. DOM optical metrics were not influenced by rainfall volume, but percent protein-like fluorescence increased in throughfall during autumn when leaves senesced. Given the potential influence of tree-derived DOM fluxes on receiving soils and downstream ecosystems, future modeling of DOM transport and soil biogeochemistry should represent the influence of differing DOM quality in throughfall and stemflow across tree species and seasons.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10533-022-00985-x","usgsCitation":"Ryan, K.A., Adler, T., Chalmers, A.T., Perdrial, J., Sebestyen, S., Shanley, J.B., and Stubbins, A., 2023, Optical properties of dissolved organic matter in throughfall and stemflow vary across tree species and season in a temperate headwater forest: Biogeochemistry, v. 164, p. 53-72, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-022-00985-x.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"72","ipdsId":"IP-142839","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445339,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-022-00985-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":408608,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Sleepers River Research Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.05866635329214,\n 44.34647865583793\n ],\n [\n -72.40758066011205,\n 44.34647865583793\n ],\n [\n -72.40758066011205,\n 44.188052738709075\n ],\n [\n -72.05866635329214,\n 44.188052738709075\n ],\n [\n -72.05866635329214,\n 44.34647865583793\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"164","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryan, Kevin A 0000-0003-1202-3616","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1202-3616","contributorId":270682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":38331,"text":"Northeastern University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adler, Thomas","contributorId":244156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adler","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chalmers, Ann T. 0000-0002-5199-8080 chalmers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5199-8080","contributorId":1443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalmers","given":"Ann","email":"chalmers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perdrial, Julia","contributorId":190445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perdrial","given":"Julia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":855452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sebestyen, Stephen","contributorId":298358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sebestyen","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":64539,"text":"U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stubbins, Aron","contributorId":80949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stubbins","given":"Aron","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":855455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70238860,"text":"70238860 - 2023 - Hydrologic modeling of a perennial firn aquifer in southeast Greenland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-25T15:34:49.215581","indexId":"70238860","displayToPublicDate":"2022-10-20T06:56:04","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2328,"text":"Journal of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic modeling of a perennial firn aquifer in southeast Greenland","docAbstract":"A conceptual model, based on field observations and assumed physics of a perennial firn aquifer near Helheim Glacier (southeast Greenland), is evaluated via steady-state 2-D simulation of liquid water flow and energy transport with phase change. The simulation approach allows natural representation of flow and energy advection and conduction that occur in vertical meltwater recharge through the unsaturated zone and in lateral flow within the saturated aquifer. Agreement between measured and simulated aquifer geometry, temperature, and recharge and discharge rates confirms that the conceptual field-data-based description of the aquifer is consistent with the primary physical processes of groundwater flow, energy transport and phase change. Factors that are found to control simulated aquifer configuration include surface temperature, meltwater recharge rate, residual total-water saturation and capillary fringe thickness. Simulation analyses indicate that the size of perennial firn aquifers depends primarily on recharge rates from surface snowmelt. Results also imply that the recent aquifer expansion, likely due to a warming climate, may eventually produce lakes on the ice-sheet surface that would affect the surface energy balance.
The numerical estimation of the position of the water table in unconfined aquifers is important for many practical applications. Its determination through observations or analytical methods is restricted to a few cases. Therefore, it is often estimated through numerical simulations, which may be affected by numerical artifacts and/or poor stability. We use MODFLOW to estimate the position of the water table for a seemingly simple example problem and demonstrate difficulties that can be faced when performing this kind of numerical simulation. We explain the causes for the numerical challenges that originate from the properties of the mathematical equations that must be solved. Based on the results of more than 600 steady-state simulations, we show how the stability of the numerical solution can be affected by the values of physical parameters that define the problem (e.g., recharge rate, anisotropy ratio, and other parameters that control the numerical algorithm such as settings of the linear and nonlinear solution methods). Finally, we comment on some best practices to apply numerical simulations to estimate the water table position.
Population monitoring is essential to management and conservation efforts for migratory birds, but traditional low-altitude aerial surveys with human observers are plagued by individual observer bias and risk to flight crews. Aerial surveys that use remote sensing can reduce bias and risk, but manual counting of wildlife in imagery is laborious and may be cost-prohibitive. Therefore, automated methods for counting are critical to cost-efficient application of remote sensing for wildlife surveys covering large areas. We conducted nocturnal surveys of sandhill cranes (Antigone canadensis) during spring migration in the Central Platte River Valley of Nebraska, USA, using midwave thermal infrared sensors. We developed a framework for automated counting of sandhill cranes from thermal imagery using deep learning, assessed and compared the performance of two automated counting models, and quantified the effect of spatial resolution on counting accuracy. Aerial thermal imagery data were collected in March 2018 and 2021; 40 images were analyzed. We applied two deep learning models: an object detection approach, Faster R-CNN and a recently developed pixel-density estimation approach, ASPDNet. Model performance was determined using data independent of the training imagery. The effect of spatial resolution was quantified with a beta regression on relative error. Our results showed model accuracy of 9% mean percent error for ASPDNet and 18% for Faster R-CNN. Most error was related to the undercounting of sandhill cranes. ASPDNet had <50% of the error of Faster R-CNN as measured by mean percent error, root-mean-squared error and mean absolute error. Spatial resolution affected accuracy of both models, with error rate increasing with coarser resolution, particularly with Faster R-CNN. Deep learning models, particularly pixel-density estimators, can accurately automate counting of migratory birds in a dense, aggregate setting such as nocturnal roosting sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Zoological Society of London","doi":"10.1002/rse2.301","usgsCitation":"Luz-Ricca, E., Landolt, K.L., Pickens, B.A., and Koneff, M.D., 2023, Automating sandhill crane counts from nocturnal thermal aerial imagery using deep learning: Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, v. 9, no. 2, p. 182-194, https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.301.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"182","endPage":"194","ipdsId":"IP-137740","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445346,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.301","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DZKFQ3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Aerial thermal imagery of the Central Platte River Valley and bounding box annotations of sandhill cranes"},{"id":419747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Platte River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.4602621702348,\n 40.829394227542565\n ],\n [\n -99.14401866960671,\n 40.829394227542565\n ],\n [\n -99.14401866960671,\n 40.57838905213882\n ],\n [\n -98.4602621702348,\n 40.57838905213882\n ],\n [\n -98.4602621702348,\n 40.829394227542565\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luz-Ricca, Emilio","contributorId":298780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luz-Ricca","given":"Emilio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6686,"text":"College of William and Mary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landolt, Kyle Lawrence 0000-0002-6738-8586","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-8586","contributorId":298782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landolt","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"Lawrence","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pickens, Bradley A.","contributorId":140926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pickens","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":880038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koneff, Mark D.","contributorId":191128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koneff","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":880039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70237725,"text":"70237725 - 2023 - Ontogenetic development of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) from hatch through yolk absorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-15T15:06:41.256","indexId":"70237725","displayToPublicDate":"2022-10-12T10:19:05","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ontogenetic development of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) from hatch through yolk absorption","title":"Ontogenetic development of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) from hatch through yolk absorption","docAbstract":"Sturgeons have a complex free-embryo period extending from hatch to the initiation of exogenous feeding. Although available for some sturgeon species of the genus Acipenser, descriptions of the developmental stages of free embryos of the genus Scaphirhynchus are lacking. We characterised the ontogenetic development of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose sturgeon (S. platorynchus) free embryos from hatch through melanin plug expulsion. The rate of development was similar between Scaphirhynchus species among free embryos from 4 pallid sturgeon and 7 shovelnose sturgeon crosses reared separately in the laboratory at a mean temperature of 17.8°C. Free embryos required a mean of 18.2 days postfertilisation (DPF; 323.5 cumulative thermal units; CTU) to reach melanin plug expulsion for pallid sturgeon and 17.9 DPF (318.3 CTU) for shovelnose sturgeon. Free embryos of both species showed overlap in lengths among developmental stages indicating that length of free embryos alone is insufficient to estimate age. Description of pallid sturgeon and shovelnose sturgeon free-embryo development provides a template to develop more sophisticated models incorporating length and stage to estimate the age of field-collected specimens. Improved estimates of free-embryo developmental stage and age may aid in the identification of timing and location of spawning and better inform flow manipulation and habitat management actions tailored to increase survival of early life-stage pallid sturgeon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12680","usgsCitation":"Chojnacki, K., Dodson, M., George, A.E., Candrl, J., and Delonay, A.J., 2023, Ontogenetic development of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) from hatch through yolk absorption: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 32, no. 1, p. 209-231, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12680.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"231","ipdsId":"IP-140861","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445359,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12680","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HGYSFJ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Developmental stage and length of Pallid Sturgeon and Shovelnose Sturgeon free embryos reared at a constant temperature"},{"id":408611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chojnacki, Kimberly 0000-0001-6091-3977 kchojnacki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6091-3977","contributorId":221080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chojnacki","given":"Kimberly","email":"kchojnacki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodson, Marlene J 0000-0003-4510-5757","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-5757","contributorId":298314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dodson","given":"Marlene J","affiliations":[{"id":64528,"text":"USGS Former Employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"George, Amy E. 0000-0003-1150-8646 ageorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-8646","contributorId":3950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Amy","email":"ageorge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Candrl, James 0000-0002-1464-2931 jcandrl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1464-2931","contributorId":192165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Candrl","given":"James","email":"jcandrl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeLonay, Aaron J. 0000-0002-3752-2799 adelonay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-2799","contributorId":2725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLonay","given":"Aaron","email":"adelonay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70237800,"text":"70237800 - 2023 - Predictive accuracy of post-fire conifer death declines over time in models based on crown and bole injury","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T14:26:19.594571","indexId":"70237800","displayToPublicDate":"2022-10-11T10:52:19","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictive accuracy of post-fire conifer death declines over time in models based on crown and bole injury","docAbstract":"A key uncertainty of empirical models of post-fire tree mortality is understanding the drivers of elevated post-fire mortality several years following fire, known as delayed mortality. Delayed mortality can represent a substantial fraction of mortality, particularly for large trees that are a conservation focus in western US coniferous forests. Current post-fire tree mortality models have undergone limited evaluation of how injury level and time since fire interact to influence model accuracy and predictor variable importance. Less severe injuries potentially serve as an indicator for vulnerability to additional stressors such as bark beetle attack or moisture stress. We used a collection of 164,293 individual tree records to examine post-fire tree mortality in eight western USA conifers: Abies concolor, A. grandis, Calocedrus decurrens, Larix occidentalis, Pinus contorta, P. lambertiana, P. ponderosa, and Pseudotsuga menziesii. We evaluated the importance of fire injury predictors on discriminating between surviving trees versus immediate and delayed post-fire mortality. We fit balanced random forest models for each species using cumulative tree mortality from 1–5-years post-fire. We compared these results to multi-class random forest models using first-year mortality, 2–5-year mortality, and survival 5-years post-fire as a response variable. Crown volume scorched, diameter at breast height, and relative bark char height, were used as predictor variables. The cumulative mortality models all predicted trees that died within 1-year of fire with high accuracy but failed to predict 2–5-year mortality. The multi-class models were an improvement but had lower accuracy for predicting 2–5-year mortality. Multi-class model accuracies ranged from 85–95% across all species for predicting 1-year post-fire mortality, 42–71% for predicting 2–5-year mortality, and 64–85% for predicting trees that lived past 5-years. Our study highlights the differences in tree species tolerance to fire injury and suggests that including second-order predictors such as beetle attack or climatic water stress before and after fire will be critical to improve accuracy and better understand the mechanisms and patterns of fire-caused tree death. Random forest models have potential for management applications such as post-fire harvesting and simulating future stand dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.2760","usgsCitation":"Shearman, T.M., Varner, J., Hood, S.M., van Mantgem, P., Cansler, C.A., and Wright, M., 2023, Predictive accuracy of post-fire conifer death declines over time in models based on crown and bole injury: Ecological Applications, v. 33, no. 2, e2760, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2760.","productDescription":"e2760, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-139321","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445366,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2760","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":408651,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -126.7480336449919,\n 48.97503075637249\n ],\n [\n -126.7480336449919,\n 31.808209566487548\n ],\n [\n -101.34747698085148,\n 31.808209566487548\n ],\n [\n -101.34747698085148,\n 48.97503075637249\n ],\n [\n -126.7480336449919,\n 48.97503075637249\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shearman, Timothy M.","contributorId":229060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shearman","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":41540,"text":"Tall Timbers Research Station, 13093 Henry Beadel Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32312, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Varner, J. 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These serial bathymetric surveys, conducted in 2015, 2018, 2021, and 2022, identified \nactive sand bedform fields impinging two reef complexes: Fighting Island in the Detroit River \nand Middle Channel in the St. Clair River delta. The spatial extent over which the bedforms \ninteracted with these reef complexes differed. The Fighting Island reef complex, which was \ncomprised of twelve reef beds oriented across the river channel, experienced partial \nsedimentation that can be attributed to the streamwise translation and lateral encroachment of \na bedform field on several of the eastern reef beds. The Middle Channel reef complex was \ncomprised of nine reef beds also oriented across the river channel. Sedimentation of the Middle \nChannel reef complex was more comprehensive compared to the Fighting Island reef complex as \nmost of the beds in the Middle Channel reef complex were within a translating bedform field. \nWe simulated the temporal evolution of reef sedimentation at the Middle Channel reef complex \nusing the Wilcock-Kenworthy (WK) two-fraction sediment transport model. In the WK \nsimulation, sand available upstream of the reef migrated into the 36-meter-long gravel reef beds \nover 10 days of model simulation. The rate of sediment infill predicted by the model was more \nrapid than the speed of bedform slip face translation measured in the field, approximately 0.3 \nmeters per day. Further, as the supply of sediment from upstream is continuous, once a reef bed \nfills with sediment it generally remains in place, although some small variations (+/- 0.2 m) in \nthe elevation of the sand overlying the reef beds were observed. Taken together, bathymetric \nsurveys and modeling could be used to identify, monitor, and simulate potential sources of \nbedload sediment that could impair the longevity of future spawning reef placements. Efforts \ndirected toward enhancement and/or maintenance of reefs impaired by sedimentation could \nbenefit from continued monitoring through periodic high-resolution bathymetric surveys, \ndetailed inspection by diving, and collection of underwater imagery.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the SEDHYD 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceDate":"May 2023","conferenceLocation":"St. Louis, Missouri, USA","language":"English","publisher":"SEDHYD","usgsCitation":"Kinzel, P.J., Kennedy, G.W., and Dudunake, T., 2023, Repeat bathymetric surveys and model simulation of sedimentation processes near fish spawning placements, Detroit and St. Clair Rivers, Michigan, in Proceedings of the SEDHYD 2023, St. Louis, Missouri, USA, May 2023, 13 p.","productDescription":"13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-147516","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":421897,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/past/2023Proceedings/22.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Detroit River, St. Clair River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.30276185834879,\n 42.0286133036347\n ],\n [\n -82.90725404584906,\n 42.0286133036347\n ],\n [\n -82.90725404584906,\n 42.36232360308355\n ],\n [\n -83.30276185834879,\n 42.36232360308355\n ],\n [\n -83.30276185834879,\n 42.0286133036347\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.86330873334916,\n 42.581121335761054\n ],\n [\n -82.06130678022406,\n 42.581121335761054\n ],\n [\n -82.06130678022406,\n 43.064598528454496\n ],\n [\n -82.86330873334916,\n 43.064598528454496\n ],\n [\n -82.86330873334916,\n 42.581121335761054\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Gregory W. 0000-0003-1686-6960 gkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-6960","contributorId":3700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Gregory","email":"gkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dudunake, Taylor 0000-0001-7650-2419 tdudunake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7650-2419","contributorId":191564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudunake","given":"Taylor","email":"tdudunake@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70238008,"text":"70238008 - 2023 - Guide for interpreting and reporting luminescence dating results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-01T15:32:48.383588","indexId":"70238008","displayToPublicDate":"2022-09-29T11:54:30","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Guide for interpreting and reporting luminescence dating results","docAbstract":"The development and application of luminescence dating and dosimetry techniques have grown exponentially in the last several decades. Luminescence methods provide age control for a broad range of geological and archaeological contexts and can characterize mineral and glass properties linked to geologic origin, Earth-surface processes, and past exposure to light, heat, and ionizing radiation. The applicable age range for luminescence methods spans the last 500,000 years or more, which covers the period of modern human evolution, and provides context for rates and magnitudes of geological processes, hazards, and climate change. Given the growth in applications and publications of luminescence data, there is a need for unified, community-driven guidance regarding the publication and interpretation of luminescence results.
This paper presents a guide to the essential information necessary for publishing and archiving luminescence ages as well as supporting data that is transportable and expandable for different research objectives and publication outlets. We outline the information needed for the interpretation of luminescence data sets, including data associated with equivalent dose, dose rate, age models, and stratigraphic context. A brief review of the fundamentals of luminescence techniques and applications, including guidance on sample collection and insight into laboratory processing and analysis steps, is presented to provide context for publishing and data archiving.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B36404.1","usgsCitation":"Mahan, S.A., Rittenour, T.M., Nelson, M., Ataee, N., Brown, N.D., DeWitt, R., Durcan, J., Evans, M., Feathers, J.K., Frouin, M., Guerin, G., Heydari, M., Huot, S., Jain, M., Keen-Zebert, A., Li, B., Lopez, G.I., Neudorf, C., Porat, N., Rodrigues, K., Sawakuchi, A.O., Spencer, J.Q., and Thomsen, K., 2023, Guide for interpreting and reporting luminescence dating results: GSA Bulletin, v. 135, no. 5-6, p. 1480-1502, https://doi.org/10.1130/B36404.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1480","endPage":"1502","ipdsId":"IP-130448","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445389,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/b36404.1","text":"Publisher Index 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University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Michelle S.","contributorId":140753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Michelle S.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ataee, Nina","contributorId":298822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ataee","given":"Nina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16758,"text":"Aberystwyth University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, Nathan D. 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For Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), variation in their migration and habitat use complicate predicting how restoring habitats could impact total recruitment. To evaluate how juvenile life history variation affects a population’s response to potential restoration, we developed a stage-structured model for a Chinook salmon population in a northern California river with a seasonally closed estuary. We modeled the timing of juvenile migration and estuarine use as a function of freshwater conditions and fish abundance. We used the model to evaluate the sensitivity of the population to different estuary and freshwater restoration scenarios that could affect population parameters at different life stages. The population’s run size increased most in response to freshwater restoration that enhanced spawning productivity (egg and fry survival), followed by spawner capacity. In contrast, estuary restoration scenarios affected only a subset of Chinook salmon (average 15%), and as a result, did not have a large impact on the total recruitment of a cohort. Under current condition, estuary rearing fish were over six times less likely to survive than fish that migrate to the ocean in the spring or early summer before estuary closure. Because estuary residents experienced low survival in the estuary and in the ocean, improvements to both estuary survival and growth would be needed to increase their total survival. When life cycle monitoring data is available, life cycle models such as ours generate predictions at scales relevant to conservation and are an advantageous approach to managing and conserving anadromous salmon that use multiple habitats throughout their life cycle.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106511","usgsCitation":"Chen, E.K., Som, N.A., Deibner-Hanson, J., Anderson, D.G., and Henderson, M., 2023, A life cycle model for evaluating estuary residency and restoration potential in Chinook salmon: Fisheries Research, v. 257, 106511, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106511.","productDescription":"106511, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-135740","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106511","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":429651,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Humboldt County","otherGeospatial":"Redwood Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.10880012967473,\n 41.33028967561785\n ],\n [\n -124.10880012967473,\n 41.09072792742461\n ],\n [\n -123.87469855224558,\n 41.09072792742461\n ],\n [\n -123.87469855224558,\n 41.33028967561785\n ],\n [\n -124.10880012967473,\n 41.33028967561785\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"257","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, Emily K.","contributorId":337295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Som, Nicholas A.","contributorId":36039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Som","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deibner-Hanson, John","contributorId":337299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deibner-Hanson","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, David G.","contributorId":337301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":81007,"text":"Redwood National and State Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Henderson, Mark J. 0000-0002-2861-8668 mhenderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-8668","contributorId":198609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"Mark J.","email":"mhenderson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70240136,"text":"70240136 - 2023 - Prioritizing pesticides of potential concern and identifying potential mixture effects in Great Lakes tributaries using passive samplers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-30T12:46:08.681028","indexId":"70240136","displayToPublicDate":"2022-09-27T06:42:16","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prioritizing pesticides of potential concern and identifying potential mixture effects in Great Lakes tributaries using passive samplers","docAbstract":"To help meet the objectives of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative with regard to increasing knowledge about toxic substances, 223 pesticides and pesticide transformation products were monitored in 15 Great Lakes tributaries using polar organic chemical integrative samplers. A screening-level assessment of their potential for biological effects was conducted by computing toxicity quotients (TQs) for chemicals with available US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Aquatic Life Benchmark values. In addition, exposure activity ratios (EAR) were calculated using information from the USEPA ToxCast database. Between 16 and 81 chemicals were detected per site, with 97 unique compounds detected overall, for which 64 could be assessed using TQs or EARs. Ten chemicals exceeded TQ or EAR levels of concern at two or more sites. Chemicals exceeding thresholds included seven herbicides (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, diuron, metolachlor, acetochlor, atrazine, simazine, and sulfentrazone), a transformation product (deisopropylatrazine), and two insecticides (fipronil and imidacloprid). Watersheds draining agricultural and urban areas had more detections and higher concentrations of pesticides compared with other land uses. Chemical mixtures analysis for ToxCast assays associated with common modes of action defined by gene targets and adverse outcome pathways (AOP) indicated potential activity on biological pathways related to a range of cellular processes, including xenobiotic metabolism, extracellular signaling, endocrine function, and protection against oxidative stress. Use of gene ontology databases and the AOP knowledgebase within the R-package ToxMixtures highlighted the utility of ToxCast data for identifying and evaluating potential biological effects and adverse outcomes of chemicals and mixtures. Results have provided a list of high-priority chemicals for future monitoring and potential biological effects warranting further evaluation in laboratory and field environments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:340–366. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Pollen and spores were recovered from the Paleocene Fort Union Formation and Paleocene–Eocene Willwood Formation of the Bighorn Basin (BHB), northwestern Wyoming, USA. In many local stratigraphic sections in the BHB, the base of the Eocene has been identified by the characteristic negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE) that marks the beginning of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). The palynotaxa from outcrop samples were examined using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Seven new species are formally described (Tricolpites vegrandis, Rousea spatium, Striatricolporites astutus, Striatopollis calidarius, Friedrichipollis geminus, Retistephanocolporites modicrassus and Retistephanocolporites pergrandis). The temporal and geographic distributions of many of these palynotaxa suggest that hotter and more seasonally dry climates facilitated their northward range shifts during the PETM from the tropics or subtropics of the USA. For the temperate palynotaxa, the hotter and seasonally dry conditions resulted in local extirpation. A re-evaluation of the palynostratigraphic schemes established for the Paleocene–Eocene boundary confirms that the first appearance of Platycarya platycaryoides denotes the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Rocky Mountains region. A new Striatopollis calidarius Subzone, associated with early Wasatchian (Wa) Wa-0 and Wa-R faunas, is also recognized for CIE body localities in the BHB.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01916122.2022.2115159","usgsCitation":"Korasidis, V.A., Wing, S.L., Harrington, G.J., Demchuk, T., Gfavendyck, J., Jardine, P.E., and Willard, D., 2023, Biostratigraphically significant palynofloras from the Paleocene–Eocene boundary of the USA: Palynology, v. 47, no. 1, 2115159, https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2022.2115159.","productDescription":"2115159","ipdsId":"IP-143511","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407959,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Bighorn Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.44030761718749,\n 43.42898792344155\n ],\n [\n -107.26501464843749,\n 43.42898792344155\n ],\n [\n -107.26501464843749,\n 45.058001435398275\n ],\n [\n -109.44030761718749,\n 45.058001435398275\n ],\n [\n -109.44030761718749,\n 43.42898792344155\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Korasidis, Vera A.","contributorId":297212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Korasidis","given":"Vera","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13336,"text":"University of Melbourne","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wing, Scott L.","contributorId":297213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wing","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrington, Guy J.","contributorId":297214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrington","given":"Guy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":64318,"text":"Petrostrat Ltd.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Demchuk, Thomas","contributorId":297215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Demchuk","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gfavendyck, J.","contributorId":297217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gfavendyck","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64319,"text":"Leibniz University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jardine, Phillip E.","contributorId":297219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jardine","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":64320,"text":"University of Munster","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":269840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":853666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70237086,"text":"70237086 - 2023 - Taking steps to address inequities in open-access publishing through an early career publication honor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-25T15:21:11.5395","indexId":"70237086","displayToPublicDate":"2022-09-23T09:36:26","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5456,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taking steps to address inequities in open-access publishing through an early career publication honor","docAbstract":"Access to resources—whether human, financial, or social—is a key indicator of research output and, in turn, academic career progression. However, resources are not equally distributed among scientists and disparities often stem from external factors. This reality is particularly impactful for early career researchers (ECRs) who have limited control over the resources available to them to advance their careers. The resources needed to fund open-access (OA) publishing are a well-known source of academic inequity (Ross-Hellauer 2022). Despite this, wide support for OA publishing exists across the scientific community, largely because OA articles increase access to the scientific literature by removing costly paywalls (Piwowar et al. 2018). Benefits of OA publishing also exist for individual researchers; OA studies are read and cited more, so much so that an “open access citation advantage” has been described (McCabe and Snyder 2014). Depending on the methods and journals studied, this advantage ranges from an 8 to 40% increase in citation rate (Piwowar et al. 2018). The OA publishing model is set to expand further, with influential groups seeking to mandate OA publishing (e.g., Plan S; Else 2021) including recent guidance from the United States Office of Science and Technology Policy (The White House 2022). However, OA publishing remains expensive, often prohibitively so, and OA fees deter ECRs broadly (Sarabipour et al. 2019), and particularly those from the Global South (Kwon 2022; Santidrián Tomillo et al. 2022).
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.1002/lol2.10283","usgsCitation":"Hotaling, S., Deemer, B., Poulson-Ellestad, K., and Falkenberg, L.J., 2023, Taking steps to address inequities in open-access publishing through an early career publication honor: Limnology and Oceanography Letters, v. 8, no. 3, p. 385-387, https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10283.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"387","ipdsId":"IP-142599","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445419,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10283","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":407597,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hotaling, Scott","contributorId":202050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hotaling","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deemer, Bridget R. 0000-0002-5845-1002 bdeemer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5845-1002","contributorId":198160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deemer","given":"Bridget","email":"bdeemer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poulson-Ellestad, Kelsey","contributorId":297098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulson-Ellestad","given":"Kelsey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64292,"text":"Department of Biological, Physical, and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, IL, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Falkenberg, Laura J.","contributorId":297099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Falkenberg","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":64294,"text":"Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70242723,"text":"70242723 - 2023 - High-resolution 3D forest structure explains ecomorphological trait variation in assemblages of saproxylic beetles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-10T19:15:20.332938","indexId":"70242723","displayToPublicDate":"2022-09-23T06:57:24","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1711,"text":"Functional Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution 3D forest structure explains ecomorphological trait variation in assemblages of saproxylic beetles","docAbstract":"We test the behavior of the United States (US) West Coast ShakeAlert earthquake early warning (EEW) system during temporally close earthquake pairs to understand current performance and limitations. We consider performance metrics based on source parameter and ground‐motion forecast accuracy, as well as on alerting timeliness. We generate ground‐motion times series for synthesized earthquake sequences from real data by combining the signals from pairs of well‐recorded earthquakes (4.4≤M≤7.1) using time shifts ranging from −60 to +180 s. We examine fore‐ and aftershock sequences, near‐simultaneous events in different source regions, and simulated out‐of‐network and offshore earthquakes. We find that the operational ShakeAlert algorithms Earthquake Point‐source Integrated Code (EPIC) and Finite‐Fault Rupture Detector (FinDer) and the Propagation of Local Undamped Motion (PLUM) method perform largely as expected: EPIC provides the best source location estimates and is often fastest but can underestimate magnitudes or, in extreme cases, miss large earthquakes; FinDer provides real‐time line‐source models and unsaturated magnitude estimates for large earthquakes but currently cannot process concurrent events and may mislocate offshore earthquakes; PLUM identifies pockets of strong ground motion, but can overestimate alert areas. Implications for system performance are: (1) spatially and temporally close events are difficult to identify separately; (2) challenging scenarios with foreshocks that are close in space and time can lead to missed alerts for large earthquakes; and (3) in these situations the algorithms can often estimate ground motion better than source parameters. To improve EEW, our work suggests revisiting the current algorithm weighting in ShakeAlert, to continue developments that focus on using ground‐motion data to aggregate alerts from multiple algorithms, and to investigate methods to optimally leverage algorithm ground‐motion estimates. For testing and certification of EEW performance in ShakeAlert and other EEW systems where applicable, we also suggest that 25 of our 73 scenarios become part of the baseline data set.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220220088","usgsCitation":"Bose, M., Andrews, J., O’Rourke, C.T., Kilb, D.L., Lux, A., Bunn, J., and McGuire, J., 2023, Testing the ShakeAlert earthquake early warning system using synthesized earthquake sequences: Seismological Research Letters, v. 94, no. 1, p. 243-259, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220220088.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"259","ipdsId":"IP-141699","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407778,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.12875665417036,\n 32.529141687918056\n ],\n [\n -114.63698449380014,\n 32.72614838079981\n ],\n [\n -114.48442701459375,\n 32.93979339517037\n ],\n [\n -114.66749598964131,\n 33.12737512996701\n ],\n [\n -114.66749598964131,\n 33.365536989744484\n ],\n [\n -114.50476801182128,\n 33.79765966999783\n ],\n [\n -114.37255152984241,\n 34.135061265713915\n ],\n [\n -114.16914155756731,\n 34.269646597615036\n ],\n [\n -114.62681399518621,\n 35.006011225518876\n ],\n [\n -116.50835623873114,\n 36.49168810234471\n ],\n [\n -121.76650402204325,\n 36.26240794936248\n ],\n [\n -120.71894266482627,\n 35.105916993794835\n ],\n [\n -120.92235263710137,\n 34.546539072317\n ],\n [\n -120.92235263710137,\n 34.303292988567804\n ],\n [\n -120.8816706426466,\n 33.79765966999783\n ],\n [\n -119.4171188422655,\n 32.477677373072126\n ],\n [\n -117.12875665417036,\n 32.529141687918056\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"94","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bose, Maren","contributorId":222639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bose","given":"Maren","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40575,"text":"Swiss Seismological Service, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, Jennifer","contributorId":187764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrews","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Rourke, Colin T 0000-0001-5403-4685","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5403-4685","contributorId":290635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Rourke","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kilb, Deborah L.","contributorId":216380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kilb","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37799,"text":"SCRIPPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lux, Angela","contributorId":297155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lux","given":"Angela","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36942,"text":"University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bunn, Julian J.","contributorId":216379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunn","given":"Julian","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McGuire, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-9235-2166","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9235-2166","contributorId":219786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jeffrey J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}