The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was one of numerous governmental agencies, private organizations, and the academic community that provided data and interpretations for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA) 2007 Report on the Environment: Science Report. This report documents the sources of data and methods used to develop selected water–quality indicators for the 2007 edition of the report compiled by USEPA. Stream and ground–water–quality data collected nationally in a consistent manner as part of the USGS’s National Water–Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) were provided for several water–quality indicators, including Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Streams in Agricultural Watersheds; Pesticides in Streams in Agricultural Watersheds; and Nitrate and Pesticides in Shallow Ground Water in Agricultural Watersheds. In addition, the USGS provided nitrate (nitrate plus nitrite) and phosphorus riverine load estimates calculated from water–quality and streamflow data collected as part of its National Stream Water Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) and its Federal–State Cooperative Program for the Nitrogen and Phosphorus Discharge from Large Rivers indicator.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081096","usgsCitation":"Baker, N.T., Wilson, J.T., and Moran, M.J., 2008, Methods and sources of data used to develop selected water-quality indicators for streams and ground water for EPA's 2007 Report on the Environment: Science report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1096, Report: vi, 23 p.; Table; 11 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081096.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 23 p.; Table; 11 Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195106,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402298,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83515.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10958,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1096/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a074","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, Nancy T. 0000-0002-7979-5744 ntbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-5744","contributorId":1955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Nancy","email":"ntbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, John T. 0000-0001-6752-4069 jtwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6752-4069","contributorId":1954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"John","email":"jtwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Michael J. mjmoran@usgs.gov","contributorId":1047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Michael","email":"mjmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":81088,"text":"ofr20081084 - 2008 - Traveltime data for the Truckee River between Tahoe City, California, and Vista, Nevada, 2006 and 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T20:29:05.567445","indexId":"ofr20081084","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1084","title":"Traveltime data for the Truckee River between Tahoe City, California, and Vista, Nevada, 2006 and 2007","docAbstract":"Traveltime measurements were made during 2006 and 2007 along the Truckee River between Tahoe City, Calif., and Vista, Nev. Fluorescent rhodamine WT dye was injected at various locations along the river during streamflows ranging from 143 to 2,660 cubic feet per second.
The resulting data, presented in tabular and graphic form, may be useful to water-quality modelers or water-resources managers concerned with predicting the movement of soluble contaminants accidentally spilled into the Truckee River. The data provided in this report also could be used to determine the dispersion-related characteristics (duration and magnitude of pollutant concentrations) that may be expected in the Truckee River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081084","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Truckee Meadows Water Authority","usgsCitation":"Crompton, E.J., 2008, Traveltime data for the Truckee River between Tahoe City, California, and Vista, Nevada, 2006 and 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1084, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081084.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":10957,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1084/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194586,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":424388,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83509.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","city":"Tahoe City, Vista","otherGeospatial":"Truckee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.6833,\n 39.5333\n ],\n [\n -120.3,\n 39.5333\n ],\n [\n -120.3,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -119.6833,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -119.6833,\n 39.5333\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db6269e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crompton, E. James","contributorId":78771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crompton","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81084,"text":"ofr20071380 - 2008 - Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, May 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:42","indexId":"ofr20071380","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1380","title":"Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, May 2007","docAbstract":"The Floridan aquifer system consists of the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers separated by the middle confining unit. The middle confining unit and the Lower Floridan aquifer in west-central Florida generally contain highly mineralized water. The water-bearing units containing fresh water are herein referred to as the Upper Floridan aquifer. The Upper Floridan aquifer is the principal source of water in the Southwest Florida Water Management District and is used for major public supply, domestic use, irrigation, and brackish water desalination in coastal communities (Southwest Florida Water Management District, 2000).\r\nThis map report shows the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer measured in May 2007. The potentiometric surface is an imaginary surface connecting points of equal altitude to which water will rise in tightly-cased wells that tap a confined aquifer system (Lohman, 1979). This map represents water-level conditions near the end of the dry season, when ground-water levels usually are at an annual low and withdrawals for agricultural use typically are high. The cumulative average rainfall of 41.21 inches for west-central Florida (from June 2006 through May 2007) was 11.63 inches below the historical cumulative average of 52.84 inches (Southwest Florida Water Management District, 2007). Historical cumulative averages are calculated from regional rainfall summary reports (1915 to most recent complete calendar year) and are updated monthly by the Southwest Florida Water Management District. \r\n\r\nThis report, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Water Management District, is part of a semi-annual series of Upper Floridan aquifer potentiometric-surface map reports for west-central Florida. Potentiometric-surface maps have been prepared for January 1964, May 1969, May 1971, May 1973, May 1974, and for each May and September since 1975. Water-level data are collected in May and September each year to show the approximate annual low and high water-level conditions, respectively. Most of the water-level data for this map were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey during the period May 21-25, 2007. Supplemental water-level data were collected by other agencies and companies. A corresponding potentiometric-surface map was prepared for areas east and north of the Southwest Florida Water Management District boundary by the U.S. Geological Survey office in Orlando, Florida (Kinnaman and Dixon, 2007). Most water-level measurements were made during a 5-day period; therefore, measurements do not represent a 'snapshot' of conditions at a specific time, nor do they necessarily coincide with the seasonal low water-level condition.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071380","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Southwest Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Ortiz, A., 2008, Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, May 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1380, 1 Map Sheet: 34 x 34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071380.","productDescription":"1 Map Sheet: 34 x 34 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-05-01","temporalEnd":"2007-05-31","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10952,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1380/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"500000","projection":"State Plane Florida East","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.5,26 ], [ -84.5,30 ], [ -80.75,30 ], [ -80.75,26 ], [ -84.5,26 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1722","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ortiz, A.G.","contributorId":53357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81085,"text":"ofr20081105 - 2008 - Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, September 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:51","indexId":"ofr20081105","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1105","title":"Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, September 2007","docAbstract":"The Floridan aquifer system consists of the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers separated by the middle confining unit. The middle confining unit and the Lower Floridan aquifer in west-central Florida generally contain highly mineralized water. The water-bearing units containing fresh water are herein referred to as the Upper Floridan aquifer. The Upper Floridan aquifer is the principal source of water in the Southwest Florida Water Management District and is used for major public supply, domestic use, irrigation, and brackish water desalination in coastal communities (Southwest Florida Water Management District, 2000). \r\nThis map report shows the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer measured in September 2007. The potentiometric surface is an imaginary surface connecting points of equal altitude to which water will rise in tightly-cased wells that tap a confined aquifer system (Lohman, 1979). This map represents water-level conditions near the end of the wet season, when ground-water levels usually are at an annual high and withdrawals for agricultural use typically are low. The cumulative average rainfall of 39.50 inches for west-central Florida (from October 2006 through September 2007) was 13.42 inches below the historical cumulative average of 52.92 inches (Southwest Florida Water Management District, 2007). Historical cumulative averages are calculated from regional rainfall summary reports (1915 to most recent complete calendar year) and are updated monthly by the Southwest Florida Water Management District. \r\n\r\nThis report, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Water Management District, is part of a semi-annual series of Upper Floridan aquifer potentiometric-surface map reports for west-central Florida. Potentiometric-surface maps have been prepared for January 1964, May 1969, May 1971, May 1973, May 1974, and for each May and September since 1975. Water-level data are collected in May and September each year to show the approximate annual low and high water-level conditions, respectively. Most of the water-level data for this map were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey during the period September 17-21, 2007. Supplemental water-level data were collected by other agencies and companies. A corresponding potentiometric-surface map was prepared for areas east and north of the Southwest Florida Water Management District boundary by the U.S. Geological Survey office in Orlando, Florida (Kinnaman and Dixon, 2008). Most water-level measurements were made during a 5-day period; therefore, measurements do not represent a 'snapshot' of conditions at a specific time, nor do they necessarily coincide with the seasonal high water-level condition.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081105","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Southwest Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Ortiz, A., 2008, Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, September 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1105, 1 Map Sheet: 34 x 34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081105.","productDescription":"1 Map Sheet: 34 x 34 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-09-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":10953,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1105/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"500000","projection":"State Plane Florida East","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.5,26 ], [ -84.5,30 ], [ -80.75,30 ], [ -80.75,26 ], [ -84.5,26 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae41e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ortiz, A.G.","contributorId":53357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81077,"text":"ofr20071288 - 2008 - U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Strategy for Biscayne National Park and Surrounding Areas in Southeastern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:49","indexId":"ofr20071288","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1288","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Strategy for Biscayne National Park and Surrounding Areas in Southeastern Florida","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducts a wide range of research in and around the Biscayne National Park region of southern Florida. This research encompasses the biologic, ecologic, meteorologic, geologic, and hydrologic components of the system, including water-quality analyses, ground-water modeling, hydrogeologic-data collection, ecologic-habitat evaluations, wetlands characterizations, biogeochemistry of ecosystems, and paleo-ecologic analyses. Relevant information is provided herein for researchers and managers interested in the Biscayne Bay area and about current U.S. Geological Survey efforts that address important resource protection and management issues. Specifically, managers and scientists are provided with information on current and recently completed U.S. Geological Survey projects and a sample listing of potential U.S. Geological Survey research projects addressing relevant issues that face the study area.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071288","usgsCitation":"Wolfert-Lohmann, M.A., Langevin, C.D., Jones, S.A., Reich, C.D., Wingard, G.L., Kuffner, I.B., and Cunningham, K.J., 2008, U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Strategy for Biscayne National Park and Surrounding Areas in Southeastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1288, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071288.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10948,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1288/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81,25 ], [ -81,26.25 ], [ -80,26.25 ], [ -80,25 ], [ -81,25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db613004","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfert-Lohmann, Melinda A.","contributorId":100095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfert-Lohmann","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langevin, Christian D. 0000-0001-5610-9759 langevin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5610-9759","contributorId":1030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"Christian","email":"langevin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Sonya A. 0000-0002-7462-8576 sajones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7462-8576","contributorId":1690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Sonya","email":"sajones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":294274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reich, Chris D.","contributorId":80375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wingard, Georgina L.","contributorId":90840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"Georgina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":81080,"text":"ofr20081119 - 2008 - Geochemistry of Rock Samples Collected from the Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex, Gunnison County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:28","indexId":"ofr20081119","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1119","title":"Geochemistry of Rock Samples Collected from the Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex, Gunnison County, Colorado","docAbstract":"A study conducted in 2006 by the U.S. Geological Survey collected 57 surface rock samples from nine types of intrusive rock in the Iron Hill carbonatite complex. This intrusive complex, located in Gunnison County of southwestern Colorado, is known for its classic carbonatite-alkaline igneous geology and petrology. The Iron Hill complex is also noteworthy for its diverse mineral resources, including enrichments in titanium, rare earth elements, thorium, niobium (columbium), and vanadium. This study was performed to reexamine the chemistry and metallic content of the major rock units of the Iron Hill complex by using modern analytical techniques, while providing a broader suite of elements than the earlier published studies. The report contains the geochemical analyses of the samples in tabular and digital spreadsheet format, providing the analytical results for 55 major and trace elements.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081119","usgsCitation":"Van Gosen, B.S., 2008, Geochemistry of Rock Samples Collected from the Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex, Gunnison County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1119, Report: 27 p.; 2 Excel Sheets: Sample Site Information and Analytical Results, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081119.","productDescription":"Report: 27 p.; 2 Excel Sheets: Sample Site Information and Analytical Results","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195338,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10951,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1119/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abe5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Gosen, Bradley S. 0000-0003-4214-3811 bvangose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":1174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"Bradley","email":"bvangose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81076,"text":"ofr20081097 - 2008 - Dissolved Oxygen in Guadalupe Slough and Pond A3W, South San Francisco Bay, California, August and September 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:24:19","indexId":"ofr20081097","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1097","title":"Dissolved Oxygen in Guadalupe Slough and Pond A3W, South San Francisco Bay, California, August and September 2007","docAbstract":"Initial restoration of former salt evaporation ponds under the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project in San Francisco Bay included the changing of water-flow patterns and the monitoring of water quality of discharge waters from the ponds. Low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations became evident in discharge waters when the ponds first were opened in 2004. This was a concern, because of the potential for low-DO pond discharge to decrease the DO concentrations in the sloughs that receive water from the ponds. However, as of summer 2007, only limited point-measurements of DO concentrations had been made in the receiving sloughs adjacent to the discharge ponds. In this report, we describe two short studies aimed at understanding the natural variability of slough DO and the effect of pond discharge on the DO concentrations in the sloughs. Pond A3W (a discharge pond) and the adjacent Guadalupe Slough were instrumented in August and September 2007 to measure DO, temperature, conductivity, and pH. In addition, Mowry and Newark Sloughs were instrumented during the August study to document DO variability in nearby sloughs that were unaffected by pond discharge. The results showed that natural tidal variability in the slough appeared to dominate and control the slough DO concentrations. Water-quality parameters between Guadalupe Slough and Mowry and Newark Sloughs could not be directly compared because deployment locations were different distances from the bay. Pond-discharge water was identified in Guadalupe Slough using the deployed instruments, but, counter to the previous assumption, the pond discharge, at times, increased DO concentrations in the slough. The effects of altering the volume of pond discharge were overwhelmed by natural spring-neap tidal variability in the slough. This work represents a preliminary investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey of the effects of pond discharge on adjacent sloughs, and the results will be used in designing a comprehensive DO study to determine normal variability for this region.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081097","usgsCitation":"Shellenbarger, G., Schoellhamer, D., Morgan, T., Takekawa, J.Y., Athearn, N.D., and Henderson, K.D., 2008, Dissolved Oxygen in Guadalupe Slough and Pond A3W, South San Francisco Bay, California, August and September 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1097, vi, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081097.","productDescription":"vi, 27 p.","temporalStart":"2007-08-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10947,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1097/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.16666666666667,37.333333333333336 ], [ -122.16666666666667,37.583333333333336 ], [ -121.91666666666667,37.583333333333336 ], [ -121.91666666666667,37.333333333333336 ], [ -122.16666666666667,37.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a098","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shellenbarger, Gregory gshellen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbarger","given":"Gregory","email":"gshellen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan, Tara L. 0000-0001-5632-5232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-5232","contributorId":29124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Tara L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Athearn, Nicole D.","contributorId":71273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Athearn","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Henderson, Kathleen D.","contributorId":71646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":81057,"text":"ofr20081085 - 2008 - Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and Vicinity, Florida, September 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:42","indexId":"ofr20081085","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1085","title":"Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and Vicinity, Florida, September 2007","docAbstract":"This map depicts the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity for September 2007. Potentiometric contours are based on water-level measurements collected at 554 wells during the period September 15-27, near the end of the wet season. Some contours are inferred from previous potentiometric-surface maps with larger well networks. The potentiometric surface of the carbonate Upper Floridan aquifer responds mainly to rainfall, and more locally, to ground-water withdrawals and spring flow. Potentiometric-surface highs generally correspond to topographic highs where the aquifer is recharged. Springs and areas of diffuse upward leakage naturally discharge water from the aquifer and are most prevalent along the St. Johns River. Areas of discharge are reflected by depressions in the potentiometric surface. Ground-water withdrawals locally have lowered the potentiometric surface. Ground water in the Upper Floridan aquifer generally flows from potentiometric highs to potentiometric lows in a direction perpendicular to the contours.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081085","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with St. Johns River Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Kinnaman, S.L., and Dixon, J.F., 2008, Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and Vicinity, Florida, September 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1085, 1 Sheet: 36 x 52 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081085.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 36 x 52 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-09-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10944,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1085/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.5,26.25 ], [ -83.5,31.5 ], [ -79.75,31.5 ], [ -79.75,26.25 ], [ -83.5,26.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683303","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinnaman, Sandra L. 0000-0003-0271-6187 kinnaman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6187","contributorId":1757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinnaman","given":"Sandra","email":"kinnaman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dixon, Joann F. 0000-0001-9200-6407 jdixon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9200-6407","contributorId":1756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"Joann","email":"jdixon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":81055,"text":"ofr20081110 - 2008 - Methods and Sources of Data Used to Develop Selected Water-Quality Indicators for Streams and Ground Water for the 2007 Edition of The State of the Nation's Ecosystems Report with Comparisons to the 2002 Edition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:27","indexId":"ofr20081110","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1110","title":"Methods and Sources of Data Used to Develop Selected Water-Quality Indicators for Streams and Ground Water for the 2007 Edition of The State of the Nation's Ecosystems Report with Comparisons to the 2002 Edition","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was one of numerous governmental, private, and academic entities that provided input to the report The State of the Nation?s Ecosystems published periodically by the Heinz Center. This report describes the sources of data and methods used by the USGS to develop selected water?quality indicators for the 2007 edition of the Heinz Center report and documents modifications in the data sources and interpretations between the 2002 and 2007 editions of the Heinz Center report. Stream and ground?water quality data collected nationally as part of the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment Program were used to develop the ecosystem indicators for the Heinz Center report, including Core National indicators for the Movement of Nitrogen and Chemical Contamination and for selected ecosystems classified as Farmlands, Forest, Grasslands and Shrublands, Freshwater, and Urban and Suburban. In addition, the USGS provided water?quality and streamflow data collected as part of the National Stream Water Quality Accounting Network and the Federal?State Cooperative Program. The documentation provided herein serves not only as a reference for current and future editions of The State of the Nation?s Ecosystems but also provides critical information for future assessments of changes in contaminant occurrence in streams and ground water of the United States.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081110","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.T., Baker, N.T., Moran, M.J., Crawford, C.G., Nowell, L.H., Toccalino, P., and Wilber, W.G., 2008, Methods and Sources of Data Used to Develop Selected Water-Quality Indicators for Streams and Ground Water for the 2007 Edition of The State of the Nation's Ecosystems Report with Comparisons to the 2002 Edition: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1110, Report: viii, 61 p.; Oversized Table (PDF and Excel); 25 Appendices (Excel), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081110.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 61 p.; Oversized Table (PDF and Excel); 25 Appendices (Excel)","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10942,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1110/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a07b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, John T. 0000-0001-6752-4069 jtwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6752-4069","contributorId":1954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"John","email":"jtwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Nancy T. 0000-0002-7979-5744 ntbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-5744","contributorId":1955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Nancy","email":"ntbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Michael J. mjmoran@usgs.gov","contributorId":1047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Michael","email":"mjmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crawford, Charles G. 0000-0003-1653-7841 cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-7841","contributorId":1064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Charles","email":"cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nowell, Lisa H. 0000-0001-5417-7264 lhnowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5417-7264","contributorId":490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowell","given":"Lisa","email":"lhnowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Toccalino, Patricia L. 0000-0003-1066-1702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-1702","contributorId":41089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toccalino","given":"Patricia L.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilber, William G. wgwilber@usgs.gov","contributorId":297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilber","given":"William","email":"wgwilber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":294233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":81051,"text":"ofr20081106 - 2008 - Development of the water-analysis screening tool used in the initial screening for the Pennsylvania State Water Plan update of 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-09T15:03:00","indexId":"ofr20081106","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1106","title":"Development of the water-analysis screening tool used in the initial screening for the Pennsylvania State Water Plan update of 2008","docAbstract":"The Water Resources Planning Act, Act 220 of 2002, requires the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PaDEP) to update the State Water Plan by 2008. As part of this update, a water-analysis screening tool (WAST) was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the PaDEP, to provide assistance to the state in the identification of critical water-planning areas. The WAST has two primary inputs: net withdrawals and the initial screening criteria. A comprehensive water-use database that includes data from registration, estimation, discharge monitoring reports, mining data, and other sources was developed as input into the WAST. Water use in the following categories was estimated using water-use factors: residential, industrial, commercial, agriculture, and golf courses. A percentage of the 7-day, 10-year low flow is used for the initial screenings using the WAST to identify potential critical water-planning areas. This quantity, or initial screening criteria, is 50 percent of the 7-day, 10-year low flow for most streams. Using a basic water-balance equation, a screening indicator is calculated that indicates the potential influences of net withdrawals on aquatic-resource uses for watersheds generally larger than 15 square miles. Points representing outlets of these watersheds are colored-coded within the WAST to show the screening criteria for each watershed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081106","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Stuckey, M.H., 2008, Development of the water-analysis screening tool used in the initial screening for the Pennsylvania State Water Plan update of 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1106, iv, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081106.","productDescription":"iv, 9 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10914,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1106/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81,39.5 ], [ -81,42.5 ], [ -74.5,42.5 ], [ -74.5,39.5 ], [ -81,39.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65ddda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuckey, Marla H. 0000-0002-5211-8444 mstuckey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5211-8444","contributorId":1734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckey","given":"Marla","email":"mstuckey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81048,"text":"ofr20071409 - 2008 - Ground-water-flow modeling of a freshwater and brine-filled aquifer in the Onondaga Trough, Onondaga County, New York: A summary of findings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-28T21:06:17.823339","indexId":"ofr20071409","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1409","title":"Ground-water-flow modeling of a freshwater and brine-filled aquifer in the Onondaga Trough, Onondaga County, New York: A summary of findings","docAbstract":"In 2007, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) completed a hydrogeologic study that included the development of a groundwater-flow model of the glacial-drift aquifer in the Onondaga Trough near Syracuse, N.Y., which extends from the Valley Heads Moraine near Tully, N.Y., to Onondaga Lake (fig. 1). Glacial sediments within the Onondaga Trough contain freshwater, saline water, and brine, which has historically supported several chemical industries in Syracuse. The ground-water-flow model was developed as a means to assist the members of the Onondaga Lake Partnership (local, State, and Federal governmental agencies) to assess remediation plans for Onondaga Lake and the Onondaga Creek watershed. Prior to this study, in the late 1990s, very little information was known about the physical nature of the valley-fill aquifer or the quality of water within it. Acquisition of this information would help local agencies understand the interactions of fresh and saline water within the aquifer and Onondaga Lake, and would facilitate the design of proposed and ongoing remediation work in and near the lake.\r\n\r\nThe USGS study characterized the geology and geochemistry of the aquifer system, estimated the rate and direction of ground-water movement, and estimated mass loadings of chloride to Onondaga Lake and its tributaries from natural and anthropogenic sources. The study required analysis of existing hydrogeologic data and drilling of new test wells to collect additional hydrogeologic data to supplement this database. A three-dimensional geologic model of the unconsolidated deposits that fill the Onondaga Trough was developed from this information. Water-quality samples were collected, and hydraulic head (water-level) measurements were made in the test wells. The water samples were analyzed for a variety of chemical constituents to determine the composition and age of saline waters within the aquifer. The geologic model, together with the water-quality and hydraulic-head data, supported the development of several variable-density flow models of the aquifer system. The complete results of this study are summarized in Yager and others (2007a), which discusses the present location of the brine pool, potential sources of the brine, and the effects of the brine pool on ground-water flow near Onondaga Lake.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071409","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Onondaga Lake Partnership and the Onondaga Environmental Institute","usgsCitation":"Kappel, W.M., and Yager, R.M., 2008, Ground-water-flow modeling of a freshwater and brine-filled aquifer in the Onondaga Trough, Onondaga County, New York: A summary of findings: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1409, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071409.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190783,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402648,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83436.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10911,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1409/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Onondaga County","otherGeospatial":"Onondaga Trough","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.37283325195312,\n 42.83569550641452\n ],\n [\n -76.17507934570312,\n 42.83569550641452\n ],\n [\n -76.17507934570312,\n 43.201171681272456\n ],\n [\n -76.37283325195312,\n 43.201171681272456\n ],\n [\n -76.37283325195312,\n 42.83569550641452\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d4e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kappel, William M. 0000-0002-2382-9757 wkappel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-9757","contributorId":1074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","email":"wkappel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yager, Richard M. 0000-0001-7725-1148 ryager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7725-1148","contributorId":950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"Richard","email":"ryager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":81041,"text":"ofr20081109 - 2008 - Geophysical characterization of the American River levees, Sacramento, California, with electromagnetics, capacitively coupled resistivity, and DC resistivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-13T21:35:44.167715","indexId":"ofr20081109","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1109","title":"Geophysical characterization of the American River levees, Sacramento, California, with electromagnetics, capacitively coupled resistivity, and DC resistivity","docAbstract":"A geophysical characterization of a portion of American River levees in Sacramento, California was conducted in May, 2007. Targets of interest included the distribution and thickness of sand lenses that underlie the levees and the depth to a clay unit that underlies the sand. The concern is that the erosion of these sand lenses can lead to levee failure in highly populated areas of Sacramento. DC resistivity (Geometric’s OhmMapper and Advanced Geosciences, Inc.’s SuperSting R8 systems) and electromagnetic surveys (Geophex’s GEM-2) were conducted over a 6 mile length of the levee on roads and bicycle and horse trails. 2-D inversions were conducted on all the geophysical data.
The OhmMapper and SuperSting surveys produced consistent inversion results that delineated potential sand and clay units. GEM-2 apparent resistivity data were consistent with the DC inversion results. However, the GEM-2 data could not be inverted due to low electromagnetic response levels, high ambient electromagnetic noise, and large system drifts. While this would not be as large a problem in conductive terrains, it is a problem for a small induction number electromagnetic profiling system such as the GEM-2 in a resistive terrain (the sand lenses).
An integrated interpretation of the geophysical data acquired in this investigation is presented in this report that includes delineation of those areas consisting of predominantly sand and those areas consisting predominantly of clay. In general, along most of this part of the American River levee system, sand lenses are located closest to the river and clay deposits are located further away from the river. The interpreted thicknesses of the detected sand deposits are variable and range from 10 ft up to 60 ft.
Thus, despite issues with the GEM-2 inversion, this geophysical investigation successfully delineated sand lenses and clay deposits along the American River levee system and the approximate depths to underlying clay zones. The results of this geophysical investigation should help the USACE to maintain the current levee system while also assisting the designers and planners of levee enhancements with the knowledge of what is to be expected from the near-surface geology and where zones of concern may be located.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081109","usgsCitation":"Asch, T., Deszcz-Pan, M., Burton, B., and Ball, L.B., 2008, Geophysical characterization of the American River levees, Sacramento, California, with electromagnetics, capacitively coupled resistivity, and DC resistivity (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1109, Report: 23 p.; 3 Appendices; 11 Plates: \t44.00 × 34.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081109.","productDescription":"Report: 23 p.; 3 Appendices; 11 Plates: \t44.00 × 34.00 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402128,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83432.htm"},{"id":10903,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1109/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Sacramento","otherGeospatial":"American River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.424503326416,\n 38.557294096029985\n ],\n [\n -121.3443374633789,\n 38.557294096029985\n ],\n [\n -121.3443374633789,\n 38.58252615935333\n ],\n [\n -121.424503326416,\n 38.58252615935333\n ],\n [\n -121.424503326416,\n 38.557294096029985\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c4d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asch, Theodore H.","contributorId":83617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asch","given":"Theodore H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deszcz-Pan, Maria 0000-0002-6298-5314 maryla@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-5314","contributorId":1263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deszcz-Pan","given":"Maria","email":"maryla@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burton, Bethany L. 0000-0001-5011-7862 blburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7862","contributorId":1341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Bethany L.","email":"blburton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ball, Lyndsay B. 0000-0002-6356-4693 lbball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-4693","contributorId":1138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Lyndsay","email":"lbball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":81037,"text":"ofr20071302 - 2008 - Methods for Monitoring Fish Communities of Buffalo National River and Ozark National Scenic Riverways in the Ozark Plateaus of Arkansas and Missouri: Version 1.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:45","indexId":"ofr20071302","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1302","title":"Methods for Monitoring Fish Communities of Buffalo National River and Ozark National Scenic Riverways in the Ozark Plateaus of Arkansas and Missouri: Version 1.0","docAbstract":"Buffalo National River located in north-central Arkansas, and Ozark National Scenic Riverways, located in southeastern Missouri, are the two largest units of the National Park Service in the Ozark Plateaus physiographic province. The purpose of this report is to provide a protocol that will be used by the National Park Service to sample fish communities and collect related water-quality, habitat, and stream discharge data of Buffalo National River and Ozark National Scenic Riverways to meet inventory and long-term monitoring objectives.\r\n\r\nThe protocol includes (1) a protocol narrative, (2) several standard operating procedures, and (3) supplemental information helpful for implementation of the protocol. The protocol narrative provides background information about the protocol such as the rationale of why a particular resource or resource issue was selected for monitoring, information concerning the resource or resource issue of interest, a description of how monitoring results will inform management decisions, and a discussion of the linkages between this and other monitoring projects. The standard operating procedures cover preparation, training, reach selection, water-quality sampling, fish community sampling, physical habitat collection, measuring stream discharge, equipment maintenance and storage, data management and analysis, reporting, and protocol revision procedures. Much of the information in the standard operating procedures was gathered from existing protocols of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment program or other sources. Supplemental information that would be helpful for implementing the protocol is included. This information includes information on fish species known or suspected to occur in the parks, sample sites, sample design, fish species traits, index of biotic integrity metrics, sampling equipment, and field forms.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071302","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Petersen, J., Justus, B., Dodd, H., Bowles, D., Morrison, L., Williams, M., and Rowell, G., 2008, Methods for Monitoring Fish Communities of Buffalo National River and Ozark National Scenic Riverways in the Ozark Plateaus of Arkansas and Missouri: Version 1.0 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1302, vii, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071302.","productDescription":"vii, 94 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195701,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10900,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1302/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95,35 ], [ -95,39 ], [ -90,39 ], [ -90,35 ], [ -95,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a113","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, James C. petersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"James C.","email":"petersen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Justus, B. G.","contributorId":49825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Justus","given":"B. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dodd, H.R.","contributorId":10507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowles, D.E.","contributorId":95971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowles","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morrison, L.W.","contributorId":39482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Williams, M.H.","contributorId":90842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rowell, G.A.","contributorId":16528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowell","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":81039,"text":"ofr20081113 - 2008 - Analysis of Pulsed Flow Modification Alternatives, Lower Missouri River, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-13T11:11:54","indexId":"ofr20081113","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1113","title":"Analysis of Pulsed Flow Modification Alternatives, Lower Missouri River, 2005","docAbstract":"The graphical, tabular, and statistical data presented in this report resulted from analysis of alternative flow regime designs considered by a group of Missouri River managers, stakeholders, and scientists during the summer of 2005. This plenary group was charged with designing a flow regime with increased spring flow pulses to support reproduction and survival of the endangered pallid sturgeon. Environmental flow components extracted from the reference natural flow regime were used to design and assess performance of alternative flow regimes. The analysis is based on modeled flow releases from Gavins Point Dam (near Yankton, South Dakota) for nine design alternatives and two reference scenarios; the reference scenarios are the run-of-the-river and the water-control plan implemented in 2004. The alternative designs were developed by the plenary group with the goal of providing pulsed spring flows, while retaining traditional social and economic uses of the river.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081113","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., 2008, Analysis of Pulsed Flow Modification Alternatives, Lower Missouri River, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1113, vi, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081113.","productDescription":"vi, 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20081113.jpg"},{"id":10902,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1113/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":329525,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1113/pdf/OFR-2008-1113.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115,35 ], [ -115,50 ], [ -90,50 ], [ -90,35 ], [ -115,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db680b14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81029,"text":"ofr20071354 - 2008 - PIT Tagging Anurans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-27T11:46:05.186782","indexId":"ofr20071354","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1354","title":"PIT Tagging Anurans","docAbstract":"