Recruitment is a key factor influencing duck population dynamics. Understanding what regulates recruitment of ducks is a prerequisite to informed habitat and harvest management. Quantity of May ponds (MP) has been linked to recruitment and population size (Kaminski and Gluesing 1987, Raveling and Heitmeyer 1989). However, wetland productivity (quality) is driven by inter-annual hydrological fluctuations. Periodic drying of wetlands due to wet-dry climate cycles releases nutrients and increases invertebrate populations when wet conditions return (Euliss et al. 1999). Wetlands may also become wet or dry within a breeding season. Accordingly, inter-annual and intra-seasonal hydrologic variation potentially influence duck recruitment. Here, we examined influences of wetland quantity, quality, and intra-seasonal dynamics on recruitment of ducks. We indexed duck recruitment by vulnerability-corrected age ratios (juveniles/adult females) for mid-continent Gadwall (Anas strepera). We chose Gadwall because the majority of the continental population breeds in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR), where annual estimates of MP exist since 1974. We indexed wetland quality by calculating change in MP (?MP) over the past two years (?MP = 0.6[MPt – MPt-1] + 0.4[MPt – MPt-2]). We indexed intra-seasonal change in number of ponds by dividing the PPR mean standardized precipitation index for July by MP (hereafter summer index). MP and ?MP were positively correlated (r = 0.65); therefore, we calculated residual ?MP (?MPr) with a simple linear regression using MP, creating orthogonal variables. Finally, we conducted a multiple regression to examine how MP, ?MPr, and summer index explained variation in recruitment of Gadwall from 1976–2010. Our model explained 67% of the variation in mid-continent Gadwall recruitment and all three hydrologic indices were positively correlated with recruitment (Figure 1). Type II semi-partial R2 estimates indicated that MP accounted for 41%, ?MPr accounted for an additional 22%, and summer index accounted for the remaining 4% of the variation in recruitment. Our results are consistent with previous findings that quantity of MP was important for explaining variation in recruitment of ducks. However, our results also indicated that considering hydrologic dynamics was important for explaining recruitment. Additionally, the index for retention of MP within breeding year also was important, despite its coarse resolution as an average of precipitation events that can vary greatly spatially and in intensity within the PPR. Our results support the idea that wetland ecosystems in the PPR are ultimately regulated through bottom-up process driven by inter- and intra-annual hydrological dynamics. However from the ducks' perspective, hydrological dynamics could influence recruitment proximately through both bottom-up and top-down processes. Specifically, hydrological fluctuations may influence predator populations, prey switching by predators, or duckling vulnerability to predators (Cox et al. 1998). We will propose a conceptual model for understanding the potential role of bottom-up and top-down regulation of duck recruitment based on different hydrological contexts. Clearly, a better understanding of ultimate and proximate factors regulating duck recruitment would improve the effectiveness and efficiency of habitat conservation for ducks. Lastly, our findings could be used to improve models that predict fall flights for the purposes of informing harvest regulations.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of North American Duck Symposium and Workshop","conferenceTitle":"North American Duck Symposium and Workshop","conferenceDate":"January 27-31, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Memphis, TN","language":"English","publisher":"North American Duck Symposium and Workshop","usgsCitation":"Anteau, M.J., Pearse, A.T., and Szymankski, M.L., 2013, Wetland dynamics influence mid-continent duck recruitment, in Proceedings of North American Duck Symposium and Workshop, Memphis, TN, January 27-31, 2013, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038992","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576d083ae4b07657d1a3759a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearse, Aaron T. 0000-0002-6137-1556 apearse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-1556","contributorId":1772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Aaron","email":"apearse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Szymankski, Michael L.","contributorId":117689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szymankski","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":516496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70043052,"text":"ds709N - 2013 - Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Katawas mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter N in Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-01T10:29:31","indexId":"ds709N","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"709","chapter":"N","title":"Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Katawas mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter N in Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations, prepared databases for mineral-resource target areas in Afghanistan. The purpose of the databases is to (1) provide useful data to ground-survey crews for use in performing detailed assessments of the areas and (2) provide useful information to private investors who are considering investment in a particular area for development of its natural resources. The set of satellite-image mosaics provided in this Data Series (DS) is one such database. Although airborne digital color-infrared imagery was acquired for parts of Afghanistan in 2006, the image data have radiometric variations that preclude their use in creating a consistent image mosaic for geologic analysis. Consequently, image mosaics were created using ALOS (Advanced Land Observation Satellite; renamed Daichi) satellite images, whose radiometry has been well determined (Saunier, 2007a,b). This part of the DS consists of the locally enhanced ALOS image mosaics for the Katawas mineral district, which has gold deposits. ALOS was launched on January 24, 2006, and provides multispectral images from the AVNIR (Advanced Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer) sensor in blue (420-500 nanometer, nm), green (520-600 nm), red (610-690 nm), and near-infrared (760-890 nm) wavelength bands with an 8-bit dynamic range and a 10-meter (m) ground resolution. The satellite also provides a panchromatic band image from the PRISM (Panchromatic Remote-sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping) sensor (520-770 nm) with the same dynamic range but a 2.5-m ground resolution. The image products in this DS incorporate copyrighted data provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (©AXA, 2008), but the image processing has altered the original pixel structure and all image values of the JAXA ALOS data, such that original image values cannot be recreated from this DS. As such, the DS products match JAXA criteria for value added products, which are not copyrighted, according to the ALOS end-user license agreement. The selection criteria for the satellite imagery used in our mosaics were images having (1) the highest solar-elevation angles (near summer solstice) and (2) the least cloud, cloud-shadow, and snow cover. The multispectral and panchromatic data were orthorectified with ALOS satellite ephemeris data, a process which is not as accurate as orthorectification using digital elevation models (DEMs); however, the ALOS processing center did not have a precise DEM. As a result, the multispectral and panchromatic image pairs were generally not well registered to the surface and not coregistered well enough to perform resolution enhancement on the multispectral data. Therefore, it was necessary to (1) register the 10-m AVNIR multispectral imagery to a well-controlled Landsat image base, (2) mosaic the individual multispectral images into a single image of the entire area of interest, (3) register each panchromatic image to the registered multispectral image base, and (4) mosaic the individual panchromatic images into a single image of the entire area of interest. The two image-registration steps were facilitated using an automated control-point algorithm developed by the USGS that allows image coregistration to within one picture element. Before rectification, the multispectral and panchromatic images were converted to radiance values and then to relative-reflectance values using the methods described in Davis (2006). Mosaicking the multispectral or panchromatic images started with the image with the highest sun-elevation angle and the least atmospheric scattering, which was treated as the standard image. The band-reflectance values of all other multispectral or panchromatic images within the area were sequentially adjusted to that of the standard image by determining band-reflectance correspondence between overlapping images using linear least-squares analysis. The resolution of the multispectral image mosaic was then increased to that of the panchromatic image mosaic using the SPARKLE logic, which is described in Davis (2006). Each of the four-band images within the resolution-enhanced image mosaic was individually subjected to a local-area histogram stretch algorithm (described in Davis, 2007), which stretches each band's picture element based on the digital values of all picture elements within a 315-m radius. The final databases, which are provided in this DS, are three-band, color-composite images of the local-area-enhanced, natural-color data (the blue, green, and red wavelength bands) and color-infrared data (the green, red, and near-infrared wavelength bands). All image data were initially projected and maintained in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) map projection using the target area's local zone (42 for Katawas) and the WGS84 datum. The final image mosaics are provided as embedded geotiff images, which can be read and used by most geographic information system (GIS) and image-processing software. The tiff world files (tfw) are provided, even though they are generally not needed for most software to read an embedded geotiff image. Within the Katawas study area, one subarea was designated for detailed field investigation (that is, the Gold subarea); this subarea was extracted from the area's image mosaic and is provided as a separate embedded geotiff image.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan (DS 709)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds709N","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations and the Afghanistan Geological Survey. This report is Chapter N in Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan. For more information, see: Data Series 709.","usgsCitation":"Davis, P.A., and Cagney, L.E., 2013, Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Katawas mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter N in Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 709, Readme; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 25.39 x 27.57 inches; 4 Image Files; 4 Metadata Files; 1 Shapefile, DS 709, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds709N.","productDescription":"Readme; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 25.39 x 27.57 inches; 4 Image Files; 4 Metadata Files; 1 Shapefile, DS 709","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266891,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_709_n.jpg"},{"id":266885,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/index_maps/Katawas_Area-of-Interest_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":266886,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/index_maps/Katawas_Image_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":266887,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/image_files/image_files.html"},{"id":266888,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/metadata/metadata.html"},{"id":266889,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/shapefiles/shapefiles.html"},{"id":266890,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/"},{"id":266883,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/"},{"id":266884,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/1_readme.txt"}],"country":"Afghanistan","otherGeospatial":"Katawas Mineral District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 69,33 ], [ 69,33.33 ], [ 68.83,33.33 ], [ 68.83,33 ], [ 69,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510cf20de4b0ae2ee50d965c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Philip A. pdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Philip","email":"pdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cagney, Laura E. 0000-0003-3282-2458 lcagney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-2458","contributorId":4744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cagney","given":"Laura","email":"lcagney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188522,"text":"70188522 - 2013 - Diatom evidence for the onset of Pliocene cooling from AND-1B, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T12:22:36","indexId":"70188522","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diatom evidence for the onset of Pliocene cooling from AND-1B, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica","docAbstract":"The late Pliocene, ~ 3.3–3.0 Ma, is the most recent interval of sustained global warmth in the geologic past. This window is the focus of climate reconstruction efforts by the U.S. Geological Survey's Pliocene Research, Interpretation, and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) Data/Model Cooperative, and may provide a useful climate analog for the coming century. Reconstructions of past surface ocean conditions proximal to the Antarctic continent are essential to understanding the sensitivity of the cryosphere to this key interval in Earth's climate evolution. An exceptional marine sediment core collected from the southwestern Ross Sea (78° S), Antarctica, during ANDRILL's McMurdo Ice Shelf Project preserves evidence of dramatic fluctuations between grounded ice and productive, open ocean conditions during the late Pliocene, reflecting orbitally-paced glacial/interglacial cycling. In this near-shore record, diatom-rich sediments are recovered from interglacial intervals; two of these diatomites, from ~ 3.2 Ma and 3.03 Ma, are within the PRISM chronologic window. The diatom assemblages identified in PRISM-age late Pliocene diatom-rich sediments are distinct from those in mid-Pliocene and later Pliocene/Pleistocene intervals recovered from AND-1B, and comprise both extant taxa with well-constrained ecological preferences and a diverse extinct flora, some members of which are previously undescribed from Antarctic sediments. Both units are dominated by Chaetoceros resting spores, an indicator of high productivity and stratification that is present at much lower abundance in materials both older and younger than the PRISM-age sediments. Newly described species of the genus Fragilariopsis, which first appear in the AND-1B record at 3.2 Ma, are the most abundant extinct members of the PRISM-age assemblages. Other extant species with established environmental affinities, such as Fragilariopsis sublinearis, F. curta, Stellarima microtrias, and Thalassiothrix antarctica, are present at lower abundances. Environmental inferences drawn from extant diatom assemblages are in good agreement with those from Chaetoceros resting spores and the Fragilariopsis radiation. All three lines of evidence indicate the onset of late Pliocene cooling in the Ross Sea near-shore environment at 3.2 Ma, with intensification and possible regional persistence of summer sea ice by 3.03 Ma. An important implication of this research is the indication that the Ross Ice Shelf fluctuated dramatically on orbital timescales at a time when nearshore Antarctic conditions were only modestly warmer than present.
","language":"English","publisher":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.10.014","usgsCitation":"Riesselman, C., and Dunbar, R.B., 2013, Diatom evidence for the onset of Pliocene cooling from AND-1B, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 369, p. 136-153, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.10.014.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"136","endPage":"153","ipdsId":"IP-033564","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica, McMurdo Sound, Ross Ice Shelf, Ross Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -210.9375,\n -80.70399666821143\n ],\n [\n -38.3203125,\n -80.70399666821143\n ],\n [\n -38.3203125,\n -65.21989393613208\n ],\n [\n -210.9375,\n -65.21989393613208\n ],\n [\n -210.9375,\n -80.70399666821143\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"369","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59424b3ce4b0764e6c65dc71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riesselman, Christina 0000-0002-2436-4306 criesselman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2436-4306","contributorId":4290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riesselman","given":"Christina","email":"criesselman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":698131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunbar, R. B.","contributorId":192914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunbar","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70043042,"text":"ofr20131011 - 2013 - Digital data from the Great Sand Dunes airborne gravity gradient survey, south-central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-31T15:23:16","indexId":"ofr20131011","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1011","title":"Digital data from the Great Sand Dunes airborne gravity gradient survey, south-central Colorado","docAbstract":"This report contains digital data and supporting explanatory files describing data types, data formats, and survey procedures for a high-resolution airborne gravity gradient (AGG) survey at Great Sand Dunes National Park, Alamosa and Saguache Counties, south-central Colorado. In the San Luis Valley, the Great Sand Dunes survey covers a large part of Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve. The data described were collected from a high-resolution AGG survey flown in February 2012, by Fugro Airborne Surveys Corp., on contract to the U.S. Geological Survey. Scientific objectives of the AGG survey are to investigate the subsurface structural framework that may influence groundwater hydrology and seismic hazards, and to investigate AGG methods and resolution using different flight specifications. Funding was provided by an airborne geophysics training program of the U.S. Department of Defense's Task Force for Business & Stability Operations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131011","usgsCitation":"Drenth, B., Abraham, J., Grauch, V.J., Labson, V., and Hodges, G., 2013, Digital data from the Great Sand Dunes airborne gravity gradient survey, south-central Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1011, Report: iii, 5 p.; Appendix; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131011.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 5 p.; Appendix; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1011.gif"},{"id":266864,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1011/"},{"id":266865,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1011/OF13-1011.pdf"},{"id":266866,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1011/downloads/Appendix.pdf"},{"id":266867,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1011/downloads/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.75,37.50 ], [ -105.75,38.00 ], [ -105.30,38.00 ], [ -105.30,37.50 ], [ -105.75,37.50 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510b925fe4b0947afa3c853b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenth, B. J.","contributorId":49885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"B. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abraham, J.D.","contributorId":20686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abraham","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":34125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Labson, V.F.","contributorId":20506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labson","given":"V.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hodges, G.","contributorId":93354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodges","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70043035,"text":"ds709M - 2013 - Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Panjsher Valley mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter M in Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-01T11:11:12","indexId":"ds709M","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"709","chapter":"M","title":"Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Panjsher Valley mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter M in Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations, prepared databases for mineral-resource target areas in Afghanistan. The purpose of the databases is to (1) provide useful data to ground-survey crews for use in performing detailed assessments of the areas and (2) provide useful information to private investors who are considering investment in a particular area for development of its natural resources. The set of satellite-image mosaics provided in this Data Series (DS) is one such database. Although airborne digital color-infrared imagery was acquired for parts of Afghanistan in 2006, the image data have radiometric variations that preclude their use in creating a consistent image mosaic for geologic analysis. Consequently, image mosaics were created using ALOS (Advanced Land Observation Satellite; renamed Daichi) satellite images, whose radiometry has been well determined (Saunier, 2007a,b). This part of the DS consists of the locally enhanced ALOS image mosaics for the Panjsher Valley mineral district, which has emerald and silver-iron deposits. ALOS was launched on January 24, 2006, and provides multispectral images from the AVNIR (Advanced Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer) sensor in blue (420–500 nanometer, nm), green (520–600 nm), red (610–690 nm), and near-infrared (760–890 nm) wavelength bands with an 8-bit dynamic range and a 10-meter (m) ground resolution. The satellite also provides a panchromatic band image from the PRISM (Panchromatic Remote-sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping) sensor (520–770 nm) with the same dynamic range but a 2.5-m ground resolution. The image products in this DS incorporate copyrighted data provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (©JAXA, 2009, 2010), but the image processing has altered the original pixel structure and all image values of the JAXA ALOS data, such that original image values cannot be recreated from this DS. As such, the DS products match JAXA criteria for value added products, which are not copyrighted, according to the ALOS end-user license agreement. The selection criteria for the satellite imagery used in our mosaics were images having (1) the highest solar-elevation angles (near summer solstice) and (2) the least cloud, cloud-shadow, and snow cover. The multispectral and panchromatic data were orthorectified with ALOS satellite ephemeris data, a process which is not as accurate as orthorectification using digital elevation models (DEMs); however, the ALOS processing center did not have a precise DEM. As a result, the multispectral and panchromatic image pairs were generally not well registered to the surface and not coregistered well enough to perform resolution enhancement on the multispectral data. Therefore, it was necessary to (1) register the 10-m AVNIR multispectral imagery to a well-controlled Landsat image base, (2) mosaic the individual multispectral images into a single image of the entire area of interest, (3) register each panchromatic image to the registered multispectral image base, and (4) mosaic the individual panchromatic images into a single image of the entire area of interest. The two image-registration steps were facilitated using an automated control-point algorithm developed by the USGS that allows image coregistration to within one picture element. Before rectification, the multispectral and panchromatic images were converted to radiance values and then to relative-reflectance values using the methods described in Davis (2006). Mosaicking the multispectral or panchromatic images started with the image with the highest sun-elevation angle and the least atmospheric scattering, which was treated as the standard image. The band-reflectance values of all other multispectral or panchromatic images within the area were sequentially adjusted to that of the standard image by determining band-reflectance correspondence between overlapping images using linear least-squares analysis. The resolution of the multispectral image mosaic was then increased to that of the panchromatic image mosaic using the SPARKLE logic, which is described in Davis (2006). Each of the four-band images within the resolution-enhanced image mosaic was individually subjected to a local-area histogram stretch algorithm (described in Davis, 2007), which stretches each band’s picture element based on the digital values of all picture elements within a 315-m radius. The final databases, which are provided in this DS, are three-band, color-composite images of the local-area-enhanced, natural-color data (the blue, green, and red wavelength bands) and color-infrared data (the green, red, and near-infrared wavelength bands). All image data were initially projected and maintained in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) map projection using the target area’s local zone (42 for Panjsher Valley) and the WGS84 datum. The final image mosaics were subdivided into two overlapping tiles or quadrants because of the large size of the target area. The two image tiles (or quadrants) for the Panjsher Valley area are provided as embedded geotiff images, which can be read and used by most geographic information system (GIS) and image-processing software. The tiff world files (tfw) are provided, even though they are generally not needed for most software to read an embedded geotiff image. Within the Panjsher Valley study area, two subareas were designated for detailed field investigations (that is, the Emerald and Silver-Iron subareas); these subareas were extracted from the area’s image mosaic and are provided as separate embedded geotiff images.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan (DS 709)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds709M","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations and the Afghanistan Geological Survey. This report is Chapter M in Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan. For more information, see: Data Series 709.","usgsCitation":"Davis, P.A., and Cagney, L.E., 2013, Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Panjsher Valley mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter M in Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 709, Readme; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 30.93 x 30.35 inches; 8 Image Files; 8 Metadata Files; 1 Shapefile; DS 709, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds709M.","productDescription":"Readme; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 30.93 x 30.35 inches; 8 Image Files; 8 Metadata Files; 1 Shapefile; DS 709","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-01-24","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_709_m.jpg"},{"id":266833,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/index_maps/Panjsher_Valley_Area-of-Interest_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":266834,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/index_maps/Panjsher_Valley_Image_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":266835,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/index_maps/index_maps.html"},{"id":266836,"type":{"id":14,"text":"Image"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/image_files/image_files.html"},{"id":266837,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/metadata/metadata.html"},{"id":266838,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/shapefiles/shapefiles.html"},{"id":266839,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/index.html"},{"id":266831,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/"},{"id":266832,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/1_readme.txt"}],"country":"Afghanistan","otherGeospatial":"Panjsher Valley Mineral District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 69.5,35.25 ], [ 69.5,35.75 ], [ 70.25,35.75 ], [ 70.25,35.25 ], [ 69.5,35.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510b927fe4b0947afa3c854c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Philip A. pdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Philip","email":"pdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cagney, Laura E. 0000-0003-3282-2458 lcagney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-2458","contributorId":4744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cagney","given":"Laura","email":"lcagney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043039,"text":"ofr20131001 - 2013 - Variability of oil and gas well productivities for continuous (unconventional) petroleum accumulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-31T13:23:59","indexId":"ofr20131001","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1001","title":"Variability of oil and gas well productivities for continuous (unconventional) petroleum accumulations","docAbstract":"Over the last decade, oil and gas well productivities were estimated using decline-curve analysis for thousands of wells as part of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) studies of continuous (unconventional) oil and gas resources in the United States. The estimated ultimate recoveries (EURs) of these wells show great variability that was analyzed at three scales: within an assessment unit (AU), among AUs of similar reservoir type, and among groups of AUs with different reservoir types. Within a particular oil or gas AU (such as the Barnett Shale), EURs vary by about two orders of magnitude between the most productive wells and the least productive ones (excluding those that are dry and abandoned). The distributions of EURs are highly skewed, with most of the wells in the lower part of the range. Continuous AUs were divided into four categories based on reservoir type and major commodity (oil or gas): coalbed gas, shale gas, other low-permeability gas AUs (such as tight sands), and low-permeability oil AUs. Within each of these categories, there is great variability from AU to AU, as shown by plots of multiple EUR distributions. Comparing the means of each distribution within a category shows that the means themselves have a skewed distribution, with a range of approximately one to two orders of magnitude. A comparison of the three gas categories (coalbed gas, shale gas, and other low-permeability gas AUs) shows large overlap in the ranges of EUR distributions. Generally, coalbed gas AUs have lower EUR distributions, shale gas AUs have intermediate sizes, and the other low-permeability gas AUs have higher EUR distributions. The plot of EUR distributions for each category shows the range of variation among developed AUs in an appropriate context for viewing the historical development within a particular AU. The Barnett Shale is used as an example to demonstrate that dividing wells into groups by time allows one to see the changes in EUR distribution. Subdivision into groups can also be done by vertical versus horizontal wells, by length of horizontal completion, by distance to closest previously drilled well, by thickness of reservoir interval, or by any other variable for which one has or can calculate values for each well. The resulting plots show how one can subdivide the total range of productivity in shale-gas wells into smaller subsets that are more appropriate for use as analogs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131001","collaboration":"Order a Plotter Print from the USGS Store. From this link, you can search for and order a Print-on-Demand quadrangle(s).","usgsCitation":"Charpentier, R., and Cook, T.A., 2013, Variability of oil and gas well productivities for continuous (unconventional) petroleum accumulations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1001, 3 Sheets: 72 x 36, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131001.","productDescription":"3 Sheets: 72 x 36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1001.jpg"},{"id":266845,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1001/"},{"id":266847,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1001/OF13-1001_sheet1-508.pdf"},{"id":266849,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1001/OF13-1001_sheet2-508.pdf"},{"id":266850,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1001/OF13-1001_sheet3-508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.9 ], [ 173.0,71.83 ], [ -66.95,71.83 ], [ -66.95,16.9 ], [ 173.0,16.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510b9281e4b0947afa3c8554","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R. charpentier@usgs.gov","contributorId":934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","email":"charpentier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, Troy A.","contributorId":52519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70039302,"text":"70039302 - 2013 - Worldwide trends in fishing interest indicated by Internet search volume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-18T13:18:53","indexId":"70039302","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Worldwide trends in fishing interest indicated by Internet search volume","docAbstract":"There is a growing body of literature that shows internet search volume on a topic, such as fishing, is a viable measure of salience. Herein, internet search volume for 'fishing' and 'angling' is used as a measure of public interest in fishing, in particular, recreational fishing. An online tool, Google Insights for Search, which allows one to study internet search terms and their volume since 2004, is used to examine trends in interest in fishing for 50 countries. Trends in normalised fishing search volume, during 2004 through 2011, varied from a 72.6% decrease (Russian Federation) to a 133.7% increase (Hungary). Normalised fishing search volume declined in 40 (80%) of the countries studied. The decline has been relatively large in English-speaking countries, but also has been large in Central and South American, and European countries. Analyses of search queries provide a low-cost means of gaining insight into angler interests and, possibly, behaviour in countries around the world.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/fme.12009","usgsCitation":"Wilde, G., and Pope, K., 2013, Worldwide trends in fishing interest indicated by Internet search volume: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 20, no. 2-3, p. 211-222, https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12009.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"222","ipdsId":"IP-039450","costCenters":[{"id":463,"text":"Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269664,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267771,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fme.12009"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"514837b3e4b022dd171aff19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilde, G.R.","contributorId":54799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilde","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pope, K.L.","contributorId":20454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043046,"text":"ofr20101083K - 2013 - Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010 Middle East and vicinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-30T13:53:25","indexId":"ofr20101083K","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1083","chapter":"K","title":"Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010 Middle East and vicinity","docAbstract":"No fewer than four major tectonic plates (Arabia, Eurasia, India, and Africa) and one smaller tectonic block (Anatolia) are responsible for seismicity and tectonics in the Middle East and surrounding region. Geologic development of the region is a consequence of a number of first-order plate tectonic processes that include subduction, large-scale transform faulting, compressional mountain building, and crustal extension. In the east, tectonics are dominated by the collision of the India plate with Eurasia, driving the uplift of the Himalaya, Karakorum, Pamir and Hindu Kush mountain ranges. Beneath the Pamir‒Hindu Kush Mountains of northern Afghanistan, earthquakes occur to depths as great as 200 km as a result of remnant lithospheric subduction. Along the western margin of the India plate, relative motions between India and Eurasia are accommodated by strike-slip, reverse, and oblique-slip faulting, resulting in the complex Sulaiman Range fold and thrust belt, and the major translational Chaman Fault in Afghanistan. Off the south coasts of Pakistan and Iran, the Makran trench is the surface expression of active subduction of the Arabia plate beneath Eurasia. Northwest of this subduction zone, collision between the two plates forms the approximately 1,500-km-long fold and thrust belts of the Zagros Mountains, which cross the whole of western Iran and extend into northeastern Iraq. Tectonics in the eastern Mediterranean region are dominated by complex interactions between the Africa, Arabia, and Eurasia plates, and the Anatolia block. Dominant structures in this region include: the Red Sea Rift, the spreading center between the Africa and Arabia plates; the Dead Sea Transform, a major strike-slip fault, also accommodating Africa-Arabia relative motions; the North Anatolia Fault, a right-lateral strike-slip structure in northern Turkey accommodating much of the translational motion of the Anatolia block westwards with respect to Eurasia and Africa; and the Cyprian Arc, a convergent boundary between the Africa plate to the south, and Anatolia Block to the north.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101083K","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, J., Turner, B., Turner, R., Hayes, G., Davies, S., Dart, R.L., Tarr, A.C., Villaseñor, A., and Benz, H.M., 2013, Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010 Middle East and vicinity (Originally posted January 31, 2013; Revised January 28, 2014): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1083, Map: 1 Sheet: 37 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101083K.","productDescription":"Map: 1 Sheet: 37 x 24 inches","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266873,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1083_k.jpg"},{"id":266871,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1083/k/"},{"id":266872,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1083/k/OF2010-1083-K.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Middle East","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 72.0,16.0 ], [ 72.0,46.0 ], [ 84.0,46.0 ], [ 84.0,16.0 ], [ 72.0,16.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Originally posted January 31, 2013; 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The model volume spans 200 × 90 miles, oriented along the basin axis, and extends to ~11 miles depth, for a total of more than 1 million grid nodes. This model supported the 2003 U.S. Geological Survey assessment of future additions to reserves of oil and gas in the SJB. Data sources include well-top picks from more than 3,200 wildcat and production wells, published cross sections, regional seismic grids, and fault maps. The model consists of 15 chronostratigraphic horizons ranging from the Mesozoic crystalline basement to the topographic surface. Many of the model units are hydrocarbon reservoir rocks and three—the Cretaceous Moreno Formation, the Eocene Kreyenhagen Formation, and the Miocene Monterey Formation—are hydrocarbon source rocks. The White Wolf Fault near the southern end of the basin divides the map volume into 2 separate fault blocks. The construction of a three-dimensional model of the entire SJB encountered many challenges, including complex and inconsistent stratigraphic nomenclature, significant facies changes across and along the basin axis, time-transgressive formation tops, uncertain correlation of outcrops with their subsurface equivalents, and contradictory formation top data. Although some areas of the model are better resolved than others, the model facilitated the 2003 resource assessment in several ways, including forming the basis of a petroleum system model and allowing a precise definition of assessment unit volumes.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California (PP 1713)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp17137","usgsCitation":"Hosford Scheirer, A., 2013, The three-dimensional geologic model used for the 2003 National Oil and Gas Assessment of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: Chapter 7 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1713-7, Chapter 7: 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp17137.","productDescription":"Chapter 7: 81 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1713_7.jpg","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":266747,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/"},{"id":266748,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/07/pp1713_ch07.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.75,34.75 ], [ -121.75,38.0 ], [ -118.75,38.0 ], [ -118.75,34.75 ], [ -121.75,34.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 7 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California. Please see Professional Paper 1713 for other chapters.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510a40f0e4b0de10a2aaab81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hosford Scheirer, Allegra","contributorId":22217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hosford Scheirer","given":"Allegra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70043011,"text":"ofr20131007 - 2013 - Bedrock and surficial geologic map of the Satan Butte and Greasewood 7.5’ quadrangles, Navajo and Apache Counties, northern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T15:53:46.651701","indexId":"ofr20131007","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1007","title":"Bedrock and surficial geologic map of the Satan Butte and Greasewood 7.5’ quadrangles, Navajo and Apache Counties, northern Arizona","docAbstract":"The geologic map of the Satan Butte and Greasewood 7.5’ quadrangles is the result of a cooperative effort of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Navajo Nation to provide regional geologic information for management and planning officials. This map provides geologic information useful for range management, plant and animal studies, flood control, water resource investigations, and natural hazards associated with sand-dune mobility. The map provides connectivity to the regional geologic framework of the Grand Canyon area of northern Arizona. The map area encompasses approximately 314 km2 (123 mi2) within Navajo and Apache Counties of northern Arizona and is bounded by lat 35°37'30\" to 35°30' N., long 109°45' to 110° W. The quadrangles lie within the southern Colorado Plateau geologic province and within the northeastern portion of the Hopi Buttes (Tsézhin Bií). Large ephemeral drainages, Pueblo Colorado Wash and Steamboat Wash, originate north of the map area on the Defiance Plateau and Balakai Mesa respectively. Elevations range from 1,930 m (6,330 ft) at the top of Satan Butte to about 1,787 m (5,860 ft) at Pueblo Colorado Wash where it exits the southwest corner of the Greasewood quadrangle. The only settlement within the map area is Greasewood, Arizona, on the north side of Pueblo Colorado Wash. Navajo Highway 15 crosses both quadrangles and joins State Highway 264 northwest of Ganado. Unimproved dirt roads provide access to remote parts of the Navajo Reservation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131007","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Navajo Nation","usgsCitation":"Amoroso, L., Priest, S.S., and Hiza-Redsteer, M., 2013, Bedrock and surficial geologic map of the Satan Butte and Greasewood 7.5’ quadrangles, Navajo and Apache Counties, northern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1007, 1 Sheet: 42.07 x 45.07; Pamphlet: iii, 24 p.; Readme; Metadata; GIS Database; Shapefiles, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131007.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 42.07 x 45.07; Pamphlet: iii, 24 p.; Readme; Metadata; GIS Database; Shapefiles","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266763,"rank":8,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1007.png"},{"id":266759,"rank":7,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1007/of2013-1007_readme.txt"},{"id":417739,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_98121.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":266757,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1007/of2013-1007_map.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":266756,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1007/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":266762,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1007/sbgw_shape.zip"},{"id":266761,"rank":2,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1007/sbgw_db.zip"},{"id":266760,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1007/of2013-1007_metadata.txt"},{"id":266758,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1007/of2013-1007_pamphlet.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Apache County, Navajo County","otherGeospatial":"Satan Butte and Greasewood 7.5’ quadrangles,","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 35.625\n ],\n [\n -109.75,\n 35.625\n ],\n [\n -109.75,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 35.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510a40ece4b0de10a2aaab75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amoroso, Lee lamoroso@usgs.gov","contributorId":3069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amoroso","given":"Lee","email":"lamoroso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Priest, Susan S. spriest@usgs.gov","contributorId":30204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priest","given":"Susan","email":"spriest@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hiza-Redsteer, Margaret","contributorId":77020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiza-Redsteer","given":"Margaret","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70043003,"text":"sir20125138 - 2013 - Methods for estimating selected low-flow statistics and development of annual flow-duration statistics for Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-30T13:13:51","indexId":"sir20125138","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5138","title":"Methods for estimating selected low-flow statistics and development of annual flow-duration statistics for Ohio","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of a study to develop methods for estimating selected low-flow statistics and for determining annual flow-duration statistics for Ohio streams. Regression techniques were used to develop equations for estimating 10-year recurrence-interval (10-percent annual-nonexceedance probability) low-flow yields, in cubic feet per second per square mile, with averaging periods of 1, 7, 30, and 90-day(s), and for estimating the yield corresponding to the long-term 80-percent duration flow. These equations, which estimate low-flow yields as a function of a streamflow-variability index, are based on previously published low-flow statistics for 79 long-term continuous-record streamgages with at least 10 years of data collected through water year 1997. When applied to the calibration dataset, average absolute percent errors for the regression equations ranged from 15.8 to 42.0 percent. The regression results have been incorporated into the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) StreamStats application for Ohio (http://water.usgs.gov/osw/streamstats/ohio.html) in the form of a yield grid to facilitate estimation of the corresponding streamflow statistics in cubic feet per second. Logistic-regression equations also were developed and incorporated into the USGS StreamStats application for Ohio for selected low-flow statistics to help identify occurrences of zero-valued statistics. Quantiles of daily and 7-day mean streamflows were determined for annual and annual-seasonal (September–November) periods for each complete climatic year of streamflow-gaging station record for 110 selected streamflow-gaging stations with 20 or more years of record. The quantiles determined for each climatic year were the 99-, 98-, 95-, 90-, 80-, 75-, 70-, 60-, 50-, 40-, 30-, 25-, 20-, 10-, 5-, 2-, and 1-percent exceedance streamflows. Selected exceedance percentiles of the annual-exceedance percentiles were subsequently computed and tabulated to help facilitate consideration of the annual risk of exceedance or nonexceedance of annual and annual-seasonal-period flow-duration values. The quantiles are based on streamflow data collected through climatic year 2008.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125138","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Water Development Authority","usgsCitation":"Koltun, G., and Kula, S.P., 2013, Methods for estimating selected low-flow statistics and development of annual flow-duration statistics for Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5138, v, 195 p.; Table 2-1, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125138.","productDescription":"v, 195 p.; Table 2-1","startPage":"i","endPage":"195","numberOfPages":"206","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266749,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5138/"},{"id":266750,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5138/sir2012-5138.pdf"},{"id":266751,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5138/table2-1.pdf"},{"id":266752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5138.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.82,38.4 ], [ -84.82,42.0 ], [ -80.52,42.0 ], [ -80.52,38.4 ], [ -84.82,38.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510a40eee4b0de10a2aaab79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koltun, G. F. 0000-0003-0255-2960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-2960","contributorId":49817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltun","given":"G. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kula, Stephanie P. spkula@usgs.gov","contributorId":4666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kula","given":"Stephanie","email":"spkula@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043004,"text":"sir20125276 - 2013 - Preliminary hydrogeologic assessment near Tassi and Pakoon Springs, western part of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-30T13:28:31","indexId":"sir20125276","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5276","title":"Preliminary hydrogeologic assessment near Tassi and Pakoon Springs, western part of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument, Arizona","docAbstract":"Tassi and Pakoon Springs are both in the Grand Wash Trough in the western part of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument on the Arizona Strip. The monument is jointly managed by the National Park Service (NPS) and the Bureau of Land Management. This study was in response to NPS’s need to better understand the influence from regional increases in groundwater withdrawals near Grand Canyon-Parashant on the groundwater discharge from Tassi and Pakoon Springs. The climate of the Arizona Strip is generally semiarid to arid, and springs in the monument provide the water for the fragile ecosystems that are commonly separated by large areas of dry washes in canyons with pinyon and juniper. Available hydrogeologic data from previous investigations included water levels from the few existing wells, location information for springs, water chemistry from springs, and geologic maps. Available groundwater-elevation data from the wells and springs in the monument indicate that groundwater in the Grand Wash Trough is moving from north to south, discharging to springs and into the Colorado River. Groundwater may also be moving from east to west from Paleozoic rocks in the Grand Wash Cliffs into sedimentary deposits in the Grand Wash Trough. Finally, groundwater may be moving from the northwest in the Mesoproterozoic crystalline rocks of the Virgin Mountains into the northern part of the Grand Wash Trough. Water discharging from Tassi and Pakoon Springs has a major-ion chemistry similar to that of other springs in the western part of Grand Canyon-Parashant. Stable-isotopic signatures for oxygen-18 and hydrogen-2 are depleted in the water from both Tassi and Pakoon Springs in comparison to other springs on the Arizona Strip. Tassi Spring discharges from multiple seeps along the Wheeler Fault, and the depleted isotopic signatures suggest that water may be flowing from multiple places into Lake Mead and seems to have a higher elevation or an older climate source. Elevated water temperatures and a depleted stable-isotopic signature for Pakoon Springs suggest that the water may be traveling along a deep circulating flowpath, have multiple sources of water, been recharged at a high elevation, and (or) has an older climate source.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125276","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Truini, M., 2013, Preliminary hydrogeologic assessment near Tassi and Pakoon Springs, western part of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5276, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125276.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5276.gif"},{"id":266753,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5276/"},{"id":266754,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5276/sir2012-5276.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon-parashant National Monument;Tassi Spring;Pakoon Spring","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.82,31.33 ], [ -114.82,37.0 ], [ -109.05,37.0 ], [ -109.05,31.33 ], [ -114.82,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510a40efe4b0de10a2aaab7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Truini, Margot mtruini@usgs.gov","contributorId":599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truini","given":"Margot","email":"mtruini@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70043012,"text":"sir20125266 - 2013 - A regional classification of the effectiveness of depressional wetlands at mitigating nitrogen transport to surface waters in the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-09T20:14:47.955364","indexId":"sir20125266","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5266","title":"A regional classification of the effectiveness of depressional wetlands at mitigating nitrogen transport to surface waters in the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"Nitrogen from nonpoint sources contributes to eutrophication, hypoxia, and related ecological degradation in Atlantic Coastal Plain streams and adjacent coastal estuaries such as Chesapeake Bay and Pamlico Sound. Although denitrification in depressional (non-riparian) wetlands common to the Coastal Plain can be a significant landscape sink for nitrogen, the effectiveness of individual wetlands at removing nitrogen varies substantially due to varying hydrogeologic, geochemical, and other landscape conditions, which are often poorly or inconsistently mapped over large areas. A geographic model describing the spatial variability in the likely effectiveness of depressional wetlands in watershed uplands at mitigating nitrogen transport from nonpoint sources to surface waters was constructed for the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain (NACP), from North Carolina through New Jersey. Geographic and statistical techniques were used to develop the model. Available medium-resolution (1:100,000-scale) stream hydrography was used to define 33,799 individual watershed catchments in the study area. Sixteen landscape metrics relevant to the occurrence of depressional wetlands and their effectiveness as nitrogen sinks were defined for each catchment, based primarily on available topographic and soils data. Cluster analysis was used to aggregate the 33,799 catchments into eight wetland landscape regions (WLRs) based on the value of three principal components computed for the 16 original landscape metrics. Significant differences in topography, soil, and land cover among the eight WLRs demonstrate the effectiveness of the clustering technique. Results were used to interpret the relative likelihood of depressional wetlands in each WLR and their likely effectiveness at mitigating nitrogen transport from upland source areas to surface waters. The potential effectiveness of depressional wetlands at mitigating nitrogen transport varies substantially over different parts of the NACP. Depressional wetlands are common in three WLRs covering 32 percent of the area, and have a relatively high potential to mitigate nitrogen transport from nonpoint sources. Conversely, 37 percent of the study area includes rolling hills with relatively high slope and relief, and little likelihood of depressional wetlands. The remainder of the Coastal Plain includes relatively flat watersheds with moderate to low relative likelihood of nitrogen mitigation. The delineation of WLRs in this model should be useful for targeting wetland conservation or restoration efforts, and for estimating the effects of depressional wetlands on the regional nitrogen budget, but should be considered in light of limitations and assumptions inherent in the model.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125266","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture","usgsCitation":"Ator, S.W., Denver, J., LaMotte, A.E., and Sekellick, A.J., 2013, A regional classification of the effectiveness of depressional wetlands at mitigating nitrogen transport to surface waters in the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5266, v, 23 p.; Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125266.","productDescription":"v, 23 p.; Data","startPage":"i","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266765,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5266/pdf/sir2012-5266.pdf"},{"id":266764,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5266/"},{"id":266766,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5266/nacp_wlrs.csv"},{"id":266767,"rank":4,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5266.gif"}],"otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.0,32.0 ], [ -84.0,44.0 ], [ -66.0,44.0 ], [ -66.0,32.0 ], [ -84.0,32.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510a40e2e4b0de10a2aaab71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ator, Scott W. 0000-0002-9186-4837 swator@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4837","contributorId":781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ator","given":"Scott","email":"swator@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Denver, Judith M. jmdenver@usgs.gov","contributorId":780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denver","given":"Judith M.","email":"jmdenver@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sekellick, Andrew J. 0000-0002-0440-7655 ajsekell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0440-7655","contributorId":4125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sekellick","given":"Andrew","email":"ajsekell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173522,"text":"70173522 - 2013 - Estimating transmission of avian influenza in wild birds from incomplete epizootic data: implications for surveillance and disease spreac","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-16T13:08:47","indexId":"70173522","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating transmission of avian influenza in wild birds from incomplete epizootic data: implications for surveillance and disease spreac","docAbstract":"This document presents protocols and guidelines to persons sampling fishes in the Grand Canyon, to help ensure consistency in fish handling, fish tagging, and data collection among different projects and organizations. Most such research and monitoring projects are conducted under the general umbrella of the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program and include studies by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), National Park Service (NPS), the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AGFD), various universities, and private contractors. This document is intended to provide guidance to fieldworkers regarding protocols that may vary from year to year depending on specific projects and objectives. We also provide herein documentation of standard methods used in the Grand Canyon that can be cited in scientific publications, as well as a summary of changes in protocols since the document was first created in 2002.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Biological science in Book 2 Collection of Environmental Data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm2A12","usgsCitation":"Persons, W.R., Ward, D.L., and Avery, L.A., 2013, Standardized methods for Grand Canyon fisheries research 2015 (Originally posted January 15, 2013; Version 1.1: February 3, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 2-A12, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm2A12.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm2A12.PNG"},{"id":266698,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm2a12/"},{"id":266699,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm2a12/tm2a12.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.9799,35.7503 ], [ -113.9799,36.8654 ], [ -111.5871,36.8654 ], [ -111.5871,35.7503 ], [ -113.9799,35.7503 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Originally posted January 15, 2013; Version 1.1: February 3, 2015","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 12 of Section A: Biological science in Book 2 Collection of Environmental Data.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5108ef76e4b0d965cd9f22cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Persons, William R. wpersons@usgs.gov","contributorId":4028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Persons","given":"William","email":"wpersons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, David L. 0000-0002-3355-0637 dlward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-0637","contributorId":3879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dlward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Avery, Luke A. lavery@usgs.gov","contributorId":4340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avery","given":"Luke","email":"lavery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70042913,"text":"sir20125243 - 2013 - Identifying nutrient reference sites in nutrient-enriched regions-Using algal, invertebrate, and fish-community measures to identify stressor-breakpoint thresholds in Indiana rivers and streams, 2005-9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-29T08:38:59","indexId":"sir20125243","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5243","title":"Identifying nutrient reference sites in nutrient-enriched regions-Using algal, invertebrate, and fish-community measures to identify stressor-breakpoint thresholds in Indiana rivers and streams, 2005-9","docAbstract":"Excess nutrients in aquatic ecosystems can lead to shifts in species composition, reduced dissolved oxygen concentrations, fish kills, and toxic algal blooms. In this study, nutrients, periphyton chlorophyll a (CHLa), and invertebrate- and fishcommunity data collected during 2005-9 were analyzed from 318 sites on Indiana rivers and streams. The objective of this study was to determine which invertebrate and fish-taxa attributes best reflect the conditions of streams in Indiana along a gradient of nutrient concentrations by (1) determining statistically and ecologically significant relations among the stressor (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and periphyton CHLa) and response (invertebrate and fish community) variables; and (2) determining the levels at which invertebrate- and fish-community measures change in response to nutrients or periphyton CHLa. For water samples at the headwater sites, total nitrogen (TN) concentrations ranged from 0.343 to 21.6 milligrams per liter (mg/L) (median 2.12 mg/L), total phosphorus (TP) concentrations ranged from 0.050 to 1.44 mg/L (median 0.093 mg/L), and periphyton CHLa ranged from 0.947 to 629 mg/L (median 69.7 mg/L). At the wadable sites, TN concentrations ranged from 0.340 to 10.0 mg/L (median 2.31 mg/L), TP concentrations ranged from 0.050 to 1.24 mg/L (median 0.110 mg/L), and periphyton CHLa ranged from 0.383 to 719 mg/L (median 44.7 mg/L). Recursive partitioning identified statistically significant low and high breakpoint thresholds on invertebrate and fish measures, which demonstrated the ecological response in enriched conditions. The combined community (invertebrate and fish) mean low and high TN breakpoint thresholds were 1.03 and 2.61 mg/L, respectively. The mean low and high breakpoint thresholds for TP were 0.083 and 0.144 mg/L, respectively. The mean low and high breakpoint thresholds for periphyton CHLa were 20.9 and 98.6 milligrams per square meter (mg/m2), respectively. Additive quantile regression analysis found similar thresholds (TN of 0.656 mg/L, mean TP of 0.118 mg/L, and periphyton CHLa of 27.2 mg/m2) for some stressor variables as determined by the breakpoint analysis. The TN and TP concentrations in this study showed a nutrient gradient that spanned three orders of magnitude. Sites were divided into Low, Medium, and High nutrient groups based on the 10th and 75th percentiles. The invertebrate and fish communities were similar along the nutrient gradient, using an analysis of similarity, demonstrating there was not a species trophic gradient. Within all nutrient groups, invertebrate and fish communities were dominated by nutrient tolerant taxa (algivores, herbivores, and omnivores) that included invertebrates, such as Cheumatopsyche sp., Physella sp., and fish such as Stonerollers (Campostoma spp.) and Bluntnose Minnow (Pimephales notatus). To determine if low nutrient concentrations at some sites were caused by algal uptake and not oligotrophic conditions, sites with low nutrient concentrations (less than 10th percentile for TN or TP) were examined based on the Low (less than or equal to the 10th percentile) and High (greater than the 75th percentile) periphyton CHLa concentrations. Within low nutrient sites, the invertebrate and fish communities were statistically different between Low and High periphyton CHLa categories. The majority of variance between the Low and High periphyton CHLa categories was caused by Cheumatopsyche sp. (caddisfly), Physella sp. (pulmonate snail), and Caenis latipennis (a mayfly) in the invertebrate community; and caused by Stonerollers, Western Blacknose Dace (Rhinichthys atratulus meleagris), and Creek Chub (Semotilus atromaculatus) in the fish community. The dominance of tolerant herbivore and omnivore taxa in the High periphyton CHLa group indicates that low nutrient concentrations are a result of nutrient uptake and increased algal growth. This study highlights the importance of assessing multiple lines of evidence when attempting to identify the trophic condition of a site.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125243","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, Office of Water Quality","usgsCitation":"Caskey, B.J., Bunch, A.R., Shoda, M.E., Frey, J.W., Selvaratnam, S., and Miltner, R.J., 2013, Identifying nutrient reference sites in nutrient-enriched regions-Using algal, invertebrate, and fish-community measures to identify stressor-breakpoint thresholds in Indiana rivers and streams, 2005-9: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5243, Report: vii, 30 p.; Download Appendixes 1-11, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125243.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 30 p.; Download Appendixes 1-11","numberOfPages":"40","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5243.jpg"},{"id":266649,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5243/"},{"id":266650,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5243/pdf/sir2012-5243_web.pdf"},{"id":266651,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5243/xls/SIR2012-5243_Appendixes_1-11_Final_Jan2013.xlsx"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.0979,37.7717 ], [ -88.0979,41.7607 ], [ -84.7847,41.7607 ], [ -84.7847,37.7717 ], [ -88.0979,37.7717 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5108ef71e4b0d965cd9f22b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caskey, Brian J.","contributorId":104119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caskey","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunch, Aubrey R. 0000-0002-2453-3624 aurbunch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2453-3624","contributorId":4351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunch","given":"Aubrey","email":"aurbunch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shoda, Megan E. 0000-0002-5343-9717 meshoda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5343-9717","contributorId":4352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoda","given":"Megan","email":"meshoda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frey, Jeffrey W. 0000-0002-3453-5009 jwfrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3453-5009","contributorId":487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwfrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Selvaratnam, Shivi","contributorId":100968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selvaratnam","given":"Shivi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miltner, Robert J.","contributorId":37227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miltner","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70042960,"text":"ofr20131009 - 2013 - Water-quality and flow data, Chulitna River basin, Southwest Alaska, October 2009-June 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-29T13:39:59","indexId":"ofr20131009","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1009","title":"Water-quality and flow data, Chulitna River basin, Southwest Alaska, October 2009-June 2012","docAbstract":"The Chulitna River basin in southwest Alaska drains an area of about 1,160 square miles, with the lower 158 square miles of the basin in Lake Clark National Park and Preserve. Water from this basin influences Lake Clark ecosystems that support salmon that, in part, sustain the Bristol Bay fishery. An area of about 391 square miles in the upper part of the Chulitna River basin has been staked for mining development (1,670 claims), and a proposed large scale copper-gold-molybdenum mine (Pebble Mine) lies adjacent to the Chulitna River drainage. The U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the National Park Service conducted a water-quality assessment of the Chulitna River from October 2009 to June 2012. Discrete water-quality samples and continuous-records of dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, turbidity, water-stage, and water temperature data were collected from the Chulitna River. In addition, four miscellaneous sites were visited five times during 2010–12 to measure flow and water-quality parameters.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131009","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 2013, Water-quality and flow data, Chulitna River basin, Southwest Alaska, October 2009-June 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1009, vi, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131009.","productDescription":"vi, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266716,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1009/pdf/ofr20131009.pdf"},{"id":266717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1009.jpg"},{"id":266715,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1009/"}],"scale":"63360","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chulitna River;Lake Clark National Park And Preserve","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.25,59.5 ], [ -155.25,61.5 ], [ -152.75,61.5 ], [ -152.75,59.5 ], [ -155.25,59.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5108ef78e4b0d965cd9f22d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70179085,"text":"70179085 - 2013 - Changes in fire intensity have carry-over effects on plant responses after the next fire in southern California chaparral","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-15T14:02:03","indexId":"70179085","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in fire intensity have carry-over effects on plant responses after the next fire in southern California chaparral","docAbstract":"Do variations in fire intensity within a stand determine changes in fire intensity and plant demographics in a subsequent fire?
San Diego (CA, USA); chaparral dominated by Adenostoma fasciculatum (resprouter) and Ceanothus greggii (seeder).
In 2003, a wildfire burned a young (16-yr-old) stand containing a set of experimental plots burned in 1987 with various levels of fire intensity. In 2004, all the 1987 plots were sampled for Adenostoma survival and the recruitment of both species. Similar measures were carried out in the adjacent old (75-yr) stand. Fire intensity in 2003 was estimated by a surrogate fire severity measure [minimum diameter of burned branches (branch diameter)].
In the young stand, branch diameter in 2003 was similar to the control plots in 1987, but lower than in the old stand. Fire intensity in 1987 did not significantly affect branch diameter in 2003. Survival of Adenostoma in the young stand was very low, much lower than after the 1987 burn and that in the old stand. Fire intensity in 1987 did not affect Adenostoma survival. Recruitment in Adenostoma increased, and in Ceanothus decreased, with increased fire intensity in 1987.
We demonstrate that there is a carry-over effect of fire intensity across a whole fire cycle on plant recruitment of the two dominant species. The 2003 fire partially reversed the relative effects on recruitment caused by elevated fire intensity in 1987. Arguably, this effect was driven by the contrasted relationships of the two species to fire intensity. Adenostoma survival in the young stand was much lower in 2003 than in 1987, despite similar branch diameter, and was also lower than in the old stand, despite higher branch diameter in this case. The causes of such mortality are unknown.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Vegetation Science","publisherLocation":"Uppsala, Sweden","doi":"10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01466.x","usgsCitation":"Moreno, J.M., Torres, I., Luna, B., Oechel, W.C., and Keeley, J.E., 2013, Changes in fire intensity have carry-over effects on plant responses after the next fire in southern California chaparral: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 24, no. 2, p. 395-404, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01466.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"404","ipdsId":"IP-024340","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/21984","text":"External Repository"},{"id":332177,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"24","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5853ba44e4b0e2663625f2ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moreno, Jose M.","contributorId":150464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moreno","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":18029,"text":"D Ciencias Ambientales, U Castilla La Mancha, Toledo, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":655986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torres, Ivan","contributorId":177501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Torres","given":"Ivan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luna, Belen","contributorId":177502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luna","given":"Belen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oechel, Walter C. 0000-0002-3504-026X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3504-026X","contributorId":177503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oechel","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70042953,"text":"ofr20131015 - 2013 - Obtaining and processing Daymet data using Python and ArcGIS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-31T09:36:13","indexId":"ofr20131015","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1015","title":"Obtaining and processing Daymet data using Python and ArcGIS","docAbstract":"This set of scripts was developed to automate the process of downloading and mosaicking daily Daymet data to a user defined extent using ArcGIS and Python programming language. The three steps are downloading the needed Daymet tiles for the study area extent, converting the netcdf file to a tif raster format, and mosaicking those rasters to one file. The set of scripts is intended for all levels of experience with Python programming language and requires no scripting by the user.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131015","usgsCitation":"Bohms, S., 2013, Obtaining and processing Daymet data using Python and ArcGIS: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1015, Report: iv, 2 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131015.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 2 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1015.gif"},{"id":266786,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1015/downloads/"},{"id":266709,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1015/"},{"id":266710,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1015/ofr13_1015.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5108ef75e4b0d965cd9f22c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohms, Stefanie 0000-0002-2979-4655 sbohms@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-4655","contributorId":3148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohms","given":"Stefanie","email":"sbohms@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70042947,"text":"fs20133001 - 2013 - Understanding and managing the effects of groundwater pumping on streamflow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-29T11:54:32","indexId":"fs20133001","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3001","title":"Understanding and managing the effects of groundwater pumping on streamflow","docAbstract":"Groundwater is a critical resource in the United States because it provides drinking water, irrigates crops, supports industry, and is a source of water for rivers, streams, lakes, and springs. Wells that pump water out of aquifers can reduce the amount of groundwater that flows into rivers and streams, which can have detrimental impacts on aquatic ecosystems and the availability of surface water. Estimation of rates, locations, and timing of streamflow depletion due to groundwater pumping is needed for water-resource managers and users throughout the United States, but the complexity of groundwater and surface-water systems and their interactions presents a major challenge. The understanding of streamflow depletion and evaluation of water-management practices have improved during recent years through the use of computer models that simulate aquifer conditions and the effects of pumping groundwater on streams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133001","usgsCitation":"Leake, S.A., and Barlow, P.M., 2013, Understanding and managing the effects of groundwater pumping on streamflow: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3001, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133001.","productDescription":"4 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2013_3001.gif"},{"id":266695,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3001/"},{"id":266696,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3001/fs2013-3001.pdf"}],"country":"Mexico;United States","state":"Arizona;Sonora","otherGeospatial":"San Pedro River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.75,30.9 ], [ -110.75,32.0 ], [ -109.75,32.0 ], [ -109.75,30.9 ], [ -110.75,30.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5108ef77e4b0d965cd9f22d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leake, Stanley A. 0000-0003-3568-2542 saleake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2542","contributorId":1846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley","email":"saleake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042985,"text":"ofr20131021 - 2013 - Groundwater quality in the Mohawk River Basin, New York, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-29T18:11:14","indexId":"ofr20131021","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1021","title":"Groundwater quality in the Mohawk River Basin, New York, 2011","docAbstract":"Water samples were collected from 21 production and domestic wells in the Mohawk River Basin in New York in July 2011 to characterize groundwater quality in the basin. The samples were collected and processed using standard U.S. Geological Survey procedures and were analyzed for 148 physiochemical properties and constituents, including dissolved gases, major ions, nutrients, trace elements, pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), radionuclides, and indicator bacteria. The Mohawk River Basin covers 3,500 square miles in New York and is underlain by shale, sandstone, carbonate, and crystalline bedrock. The bedrock is overlain by till in much of the basin, but surficial deposits of saturated sand and gravel are present in some areas. Nine of the wells sampled in the Mohawk River Basin are completed in sand and gravel deposits, and 12 are completed in bedrock. Groundwater in the Mohawk River Basin was typically neutral or slightly basic; the water typically was very hard. Bicarbonate, chloride, calcium, and sodium were the major ions with the greatest median concentrations; the dominant nutrient was nitrate. Methane was detected in 15 samples. Strontium, iron, barium, boron, and manganese were the trace elements with the highest median concentrations. Four pesticides, all herbicides or their degradates, were detected in four samples at trace levels; three VOCs, including chloroform and two solvents, were detected in four samples. The greatest radon-222 activity, 2,300 picocuries per liter, was measured in a sample from a bedrock well, but the median radon activity was higher in samples from sand and gravel wells than in samples from bedrock wells. Coliform bacteria were detected in five samples with a maximum of 92 colony-forming units per 100 milliliters. Water quality in the Mohawk River Basin is generally good, but concentrations of some constituents equaled or exceeded current or proposed Federal or New York State drinking-water standards. The standards exceeded are color (1 sample), pH (1 sample), sodium (9 samples), chloride (1 sample), sulfate (2 samples), dissolved solids (7 samples), aluminum (3 samples), iron (8 samples), manganese (6 samples), radon-222 (10 samples), and bacteria (5 samples). Fecal coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were each detected in one sample. Concentrations of fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, silver, thallium, zinc, and uranium, and gross alpha activities, did not exceed existing drinking-water standards in any of the samples collected. Methane concentrations in two samples were greater than 28 milligrams per liter, and the maximum measured concentration was 44.3 milligrams per liter.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131021","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Nystrom, E.A., and Scott, T., 2013, Groundwater quality in the Mohawk River Basin, New York, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1021, vi, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131021.","productDescription":"vi, 43 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266730,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1021/"},{"id":266732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1021.gif"},{"id":266731,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1021/pdf/OFR2013-1021_nystrom_508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Mohawk River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.76,40.48 ], [ -79.76,45.02 ], [ -71.86,45.02 ], [ -71.86,40.48 ], [ -79.76,40.48 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5108ef6ee4b0d965cd9f22b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nystrom, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-0886-3439 nystrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-3439","contributorId":1072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nystrom","given":"Elizabeth","email":"nystrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, Tia-Marie 0000-0002-5677-0544 tia-mariescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5677-0544","contributorId":5122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Tia-Marie","email":"tia-mariescott@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70102982,"text":"70102982 - 2013 - Faulting and groundwater in a desert environment: constraining hydrogeology using time-domain electromagnetic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-28T13:15:16","indexId":"70102982","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-28T13:10:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2850,"text":"Near Surface Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Faulting and groundwater in a desert environment: constraining hydrogeology using time-domain electromagnetic data","docAbstract":"Within the south-western Mojave Desert, the Joshua Basin Water District is considering applying imported water into infiltration ponds in the Joshua Tree groundwater sub-basin in an attempt to artificially recharge the underlying aquifer. Scarce subsurface hydrogeological data are available near the proposed recharge site; therefore, time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM) data were collected and analysed to characterize the subsurface. TDEM soundings were acquired to estimate the depth to water on either side of the Pinto Mountain Fault, a major east-west trending strike-slip fault that transects the proposed recharge site. While TDEM is a standard technique for groundwater investigations, special care must be taken when acquiring and interpreting TDEM data in a twodimensional (2D) faulted environment. A subset of the TDEM data consistent with a layered-earth interpretation was identified through a combination of three-dimensional (3D) forward modelling and diffusion time-distance estimates. Inverse modelling indicates an offset in water table elevation of nearly 40 m across the fault. These findings imply that the fault acts as a low-permeability barrier to groundwater flow in the vicinity of the proposed recharge site. Existing production wells on the south side of the fault, together with a thick unsaturated zone and permeable near-surface deposits, suggest the southern half of the study area is suitable for artificial recharge. These results illustrate the effectiveness of targeted TDEM in support of hydrological studies in a heavily faulted desert environment where data are scarce and the cost of obtaining these data by conventional drilling techniques is prohibitive.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Near Surface Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers","doi":"10.3997/1873-0604.2013043","usgsCitation":"Bedrosian, P.A., Burgess, M.K., and Nishikawa, T., 2013, Faulting and groundwater in a desert environment: constraining hydrogeology using time-domain electromagnetic data: Near Surface Geophysics, v. 11, no. 5, p. 545-555, https://doi.org/10.3997/1873-0604.2013043.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"555","ipdsId":"IP-011505","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286725,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286668,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3997/1873-0604.2013043"}],"volume":"11","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535f786de4b078dca33ae365","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgess, Matthew K. 0000-0002-2828-8910 mburgess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2828-8910","contributorId":2115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgess","given":"Matthew","email":"mburgess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nishikawa, Tracy 0000-0002-7348-3838 tnish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3838","contributorId":1515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishikawa","given":"Tracy","email":"tnish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70042968,"text":"70042968 - 2013 - Detecting insect pollinator declines on regional and global scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-31T10:01:20","indexId":"70042968","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting insect pollinator declines on regional and global scales","docAbstract":"Recently there has been considerable concern about declines in bee communities in agricultural and natural habitats. The value of pollination to agriculture, provided primarily by bees, is >$200 billion/year worldwide, and in natural ecosystems it is thought to be even greater. However, no monitoring program exists to accurately detect declines in abundance of insect pollinators; thus, it is difficult to quantify the status of bee communities or estimate the extent of declines. We used data from 11 multiyear studies of bee communities to devise a program to monitor pollinators at regional, national, or international scales. In these studies, 7 different methods for sampling bees were used and bees were sampled on 3 different continents. We estimated that a monitoring program with 200-250 sampling locations each sampled twice over 5 years would provide sufficient power to detect small (2-5%) annual declines in the number of species and in total abundance and would cost U.S.$2,000,000. To detect declines as small as 1% annually over the same period would require >300 sampling locations. Given the role of pollinators in food security and ecosystem function, we recommend establishment of integrated regional and international monitoring programs to detect changes in pollinator communities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01962.x","usgsCitation":"Lubuhn, G., Droege, S., Connor, E., Gemmill-Herren, B., Potts, S.G., Minckley, R.L., Griswold, T., Jean, R., Kula, E., Roubik, D.W., Cane, J., Wright, K.W., Frankie, G., and Parker, F., 2013, Detecting insect pollinator declines on regional and global scales: Conservation Biology, v. 27, no. 1, p. 113-120, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01962.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-016950","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266791,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266790,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01962.x"}],"otherGeospatial":"Europe;North America;South America","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510ba081e4b0947afa3c857f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lubuhn, Gretchen","contributorId":21436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubuhn","given":"Gretchen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Droege, Sam sdroege@usgs.gov","contributorId":3464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Droege","given":"Sam","email":"sdroege@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connor, Edward F.","contributorId":17503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connor","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gemmill-Herren, Barbara","contributorId":6741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gemmill-Herren","given":"Barbara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Potts, Simon G.","contributorId":108373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potts","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Minckley, Robert L.","contributorId":86652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minckley","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Griswold, Terry","contributorId":9548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griswold","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jean, Robert","contributorId":89424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jean","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kula, Emanuel","contributorId":96981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kula","given":"Emanuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Roubik, David W.","contributorId":36822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roubik","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Cane, Jim","contributorId":84238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cane","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wright, Karen W.","contributorId":95772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Frankie, Gordon","contributorId":96563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankie","given":"Gordon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Parker, Frank","contributorId":42855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Frank","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ]}