The Indiana State Board of Health is developing a State water-quality plan that includes establishing limits for wastewater effluents discharged into Indiana streams. A digital model calibrated to conditions in Duck Creek was used to develop alternatives for future waste loadings that would be compatible with Indiana stream water-quality standards defined for two critical hydrologic conditions, summer and winter low flows. The major point-source waste load affecting Duck Creek is the Elwood wastewater-treatment facility. Natural streamflow during the low flow is zero, so no benefit from dilution is provided. Natural reaeration at the low-flow condition (approximately 3 cubic feet per second), also low, is estimated to be less than 1 per day (base e at 20 Celsius). Consequently, the wasteload assimilative capacity of the stream is low. Effluent ammonia-nitrogen concentrations, projected by the Indiana State Board of Health, will result in stream ammonia-nitrogen concentrations that exceed the State ammonia-nitrogen toxicity standards (2.5 milligrams per liter from April to October and 4.0 milligrams per liter from November through March). The projected effluent ammonia-nitrogen load will also result in the present Indiana stream dissolved-oxygen standard (5.0 milligrams per liter) not being met. Benthic-oxygen demand may also affect stream water quality. During the summer low-flow, a benthic-oxygen demand of only 0.6 gram per square meter per day would utilize all the streams 's available assimilative capacity. (USGS)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr80156","usgsCitation":"Crawford, C.G., Wilber, W.G., and Peters, J.G., 1980, A one-dimensional, steady-state, dissolved-oxygen model and waste-load assimilation study for Duck Creek, Madison, Tipton, and Hamilton counties, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-156, viii, 89 p. ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80156.","productDescription":"viii, 89 p. ill., map ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":152015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Hamilton, Madison, Tipton","otherGeospatial":"Duck Creek","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.8624,39.9436],[-85.8625,39.9286],[-85.9369,39.9272],[-85.9411,39.9272],[-85.9801,39.9269],[-86.2385,39.9259],[-86.239,39.9549],[-86.2417,40.0419],[-86.242,40.1304],[-86.2424,40.1807],[-86.2435,40.2152],[-86.242,40.3013],[-86.2423,40.3734],[-86.2429,40.3884],[-86.2422,40.4029],[-85.8624,40.407],[-85.8621,40.3784],[-85.5784,40.3794],[-85.5763,40.0769],[-85.5774,39.9459],[-85.8624,39.9436]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Hamilton\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6ab8f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crawford, Charles G. 0000-0003-1653-7841 cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-7841","contributorId":1064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Charles","email":"cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":179363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilber, William G. wgwilber@usgs.gov","contributorId":297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilber","given":"William","email":"wgwilber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":179362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, James G.","contributorId":69137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":18575,"text":"ofr8075 - 1980 - A one-dimensional, steady-state, dissolved-oxygen model and waste-load assimilation study for Wabash River, Huntington County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-06T18:12:59.992829","indexId":"ofr8075","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-75","title":"A one-dimensional, steady-state, dissolved-oxygen model and waste-load assimilation study for Wabash River, Huntington County, Indiana","docAbstract":"The Indiana State Board of Health is developing a State water-quality management plan that includes establishing limits for wastewater effluents discharged into Indiana streams. A digital model calibrated to conditions in the Wabash River in Huntington County, Ind., was used to predict alternatives for future waste loadings that would be compatible with Indiana stream water-quality standards defined for two critical hydrologic conditions, summer and winter low flows.
The major point-source waste load affecting the Wabash River in Huntington County is the Huntington wastewater-treatment facility.
The most significant factor potentially affecting the dissolved-oxygen concentration during summer low flows is nitrification. However, nitrification should not be a limiting factor on the allowable nitrogenous and carbonaceous waste loads for the Huntington wastewater-treatment facility during summer low flows if the ammonia-nitrogen toxicity standard for Indiana streams is met.
This wasteload assimilation study is not based on a verified model. The changes in stream water quality predicted by the model represent only possible stream response to different effluent conditions.
The dissolved-oxygen standard for Indiana streams, an average of 5.0 milligrams per liter, should be met during summer and winter Zow flows if the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System's 5-day, carbonaceous biochemical-oxygen demands of a monthly average concentration of 30 milligrams per liter and a maximum weekly average of 45 milligrams per liter are not exceeded.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr80160","usgsCitation":"Katzer, T., and Bennett, J.P., 1980, Sediment transport model for the East Fork of the Carson River, Carson Valley, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-160, 40 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80160.","productDescription":"40 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366727,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0160/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0160/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Douglas County","otherGeospatial":"Carson Valley","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-119.5461,39.0859],[-119.5272,39.0858],[-119.316,39.0841],[-119.3155,38.9902],[-119.3356,38.9895],[-119.3366,38.9818],[-119.349,38.9816],[-119.4023,38.9826],[-119.4022,38.9558],[-119.4176,38.9547],[-119.4182,38.9098],[-119.4192,38.8817],[-119.4381,38.8823],[-119.4374,38.8533],[-119.419,38.8531],[-119.4192,38.835],[-119.4193,38.8164],[-119.4122,38.8165],[-119.4126,38.8093],[-119.4019,38.8099],[-119.4013,38.7863],[-119.4026,38.7654],[-119.4085,38.7658],[-119.4077,38.7354],[-119.4075,38.73],[-119.3887,38.7303],[-119.3888,38.7348],[-119.3788,38.735],[-119.3611,38.7352],[-119.3505,38.7354],[-119.3502,38.7263],[-119.349,38.6788],[-119.349,38.6769],[-119.3488,38.6466],[-119.3299,38.6469],[-119.3306,38.5364],[-119.4492,38.6196],[-119.4543,38.6231],[-119.5498,38.6895],[-119.5523,38.6912],[-119.5771,38.7084],[-119.5977,38.7226],[-119.6088,38.7303],[-119.6166,38.7357],[-119.678,38.7781],[-119.7033,38.7953],[-119.7285,38.8132],[-119.743,38.8235],[-119.752,38.8297],[-119.7873,38.8541],[-119.7899,38.8554],[-119.8223,38.8775],[-119.8261,38.8802],[-119.8471,38.8948],[-119.9025,38.9332],[-119.9151,38.942],[-119.9194,38.945],[-119.9508,38.9664],[-120.0009,39.0005],[-120.0023,39.0677],[-120.0031,39.1116],[-119.949,39.1122],[-119.9419,39.1123],[-119.8974,39.1123],[-119.8631,39.1129],[-119.8358,39.113],[-119.7611,39.1144],[-119.7612,39.099],[-119.7517,39.0987],[-119.7525,39.0851],[-119.6232,39.086],[-119.6042,39.0859],[-119.5657,39.0861],[-119.5461,39.0859]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Douglas\",\"state\":\"NV\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katzer, Terry","contributorId":103679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzer","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, J. P.","contributorId":52103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3946,"text":"cir832 - 1980 - Estimating the costs of landslide damage in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T11:26:48","indexId":"cir832","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"832","title":"Estimating the costs of landslide damage in the United States","docAbstract":"Landslide damages are one of the most costly natural disasters in the United States. A recent estimate of the total annual cost of landslide damage is in excess of $1 billion {Schuster, 1978}. The damages can be significantly reduced, however, through the combined action of technical experts, government, and the public. \r\n\r\nBefore they can be expected to take action, local governments need to have an appreciation of costs of damage in their areas of responsibility and of the reductions in losses that can be achieved. Where studies of cost of landslide damages have been conducted, it is apparent that {1} costs to the public and private sectors of our economy due to landslide damage are much larger than anticipated; {2} taxpayers and public officials generally are unaware of the magnitude of the cost, owing perhaps to the lack of any centralization of data; and {3} incomplete records and unavailability of records result in lower reported costs than actually were incurred. \r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey has developed a method to estimate the cost of landslide damages in regional and local areas and has applied the method in three urban areas and one rural area. Costs are for different periods and are unadjusted for inflation; therefore, strict comparisons of data from different years should be avoided. Estimates of the average annual cost of landslide damage for the urban areas studied are $5,900,000 in the San Francisco Bay area; $4,000,000 in Allegheny County, Pa.; and $5,170,000 in Hamilton County, Ohio. Adjusting these figures for the population of each area, the annual cost of damages per capita are $1.30 in the nine-county San Francisco Bay region; $2.50 in Allegheny County, Pa.; and $5.80 in Hamilton County, Ohio. On the basis of data from other sources, the estimated annual damages on a per capita basis for the City of Los Angeles, Calif., are about $1.60. If the costs were available for the damages from landslides in Los Angeles in 1977-78 and 1979-80, the annual per capita costs probably would be much larger. \r\n\r\nThe landslide near the rural community of Manti, Utah, caused an expenditure of about $1,800,000 or about $1,000 per person during the period 1974-76. Because a recurrence for such a landslide cannot be established, it is not possible to develop a meaningful estimate of annual per capita damages. \r\n\r\nCommunities are urged to examine their costs of landslide damage and to evaluate the feasibility of several alternative programs that, for a modest investment, could significantly reduce these losses.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir832","usgsCitation":"Fleming, R.W., and Taylor, F.A., 1980, Estimating the costs of landslide damage in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 832, iii, 21 p. :ill., map ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir832.","productDescription":"iii, 21 p. :ill., map ;27 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31031,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1980/0832/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1980/0832/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc80a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, Robert W.","contributorId":102062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Fred A.","contributorId":38142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":14387,"text":"ofr80345 - 1980 - Hydrologic monitoring program in Eldridge-Wilde and East Lake Road well-field areas, Pinellas and Hillsborough counties, Florida, 1977 water year","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-22T17:09:57.640826","indexId":"ofr80345","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-345","title":"Hydrologic monitoring program in Eldridge-Wilde and East Lake Road well-field areas, Pinellas and Hillsborough counties, Florida, 1977 water year","docAbstract":"The observation-well network in the vicinity of the two well fields is described in detail. Data obtained from the network from October 1976 through September 1977, as well as rainfall and pumpage records, are presented and discussed. Below-normal rainfall caused the water table and potentiometric surface of the Floridan aquifer in Eldridge-Wilde well field to recover 2 feet less in September 1977 than in the previous September. Water levels in East Lake Road will field were approximately the same in September of both years. The Southwest Florida Water Management District has established regulatory water-level and water-quality limits in several observation wells. Water levels did not drop below regulatory limits during the year. Water from two deep wells west of Eldridge-Wilde well field exceeded the regulatory limits for chloride concentrations. The position of the 250 milligram per liter chloride line is shown in cross section in the vicinity of Eldridge-Wilde well field in September 1977. Network modifications are proposed that would result in a more comprehensive knowledge of the hydrologic system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80345","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Pinellas County, Florida","usgsCitation":"Joyner, B.F., and Gerhart, J.M., 1980, Hydrologic monitoring program in Eldridge-Wilde and East Lake Road well-field areas, Pinellas and Hillsborough counties, Florida, 1977 water year: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-345, iv, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80345.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0345/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":404372,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0345/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Hillsborough County, Pinellas County","otherGeospatial":"Eldridge-Wilde and East Lake Road well-field areas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.0291748046875,\n 27.68839232178566\n ],\n [\n -82.2930908203125,\n 27.68839232178566\n ],\n [\n -82.2930908203125,\n 28.28019589809702\n ],\n [\n -83.0291748046875,\n 28.28019589809702\n ],\n [\n -83.0291748046875,\n 27.68839232178566\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606b77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joyner, Boyd F.","contributorId":9278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joyner","given":"Boyd","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gerhart, James M.","contributorId":35717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerhart","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4300,"text":"cir833 - 1980 - Geological studies of the COST No. B-3 well, United States mid-Atlantic continental slope area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-22T21:17:56.060978","indexId":"cir833","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"833","title":"Geological studies of the COST No. B-3 well, United States mid-Atlantic continental slope area","docAbstract":"The COST No. B-3 well is the first deep stratigraphic test to be drilled on the Continental Slope off the Eastern United States. The well was drilled in 2,686 ft (819 m) of water in the Baltimore Canyon trough area to a total depth of 15,820 ft (4,844 m) below the drill platform. It penetrated a section composed of mudstones, calcareous mudstones, and limestones of generally deep water origin to a depth of about 8.200 ft (2,500 m) below the drill floor. Light-colored, medium- to coarse-grained sandstones with intercalated gray and brown shales, micritic limestones, and minor coal and dolomite predominate from about 8,200 to 12,300 ft (2,500 to 3,750 m). From about 12,300 ft (3,750 m) to the bottom, the section consists of limestones (including oolitic and intraclastic grainstones) with interbedded fine-to medium-grained sandstones, dark-colored fissile shales, and numerous coal seams.\r\n\r\nBiostratigraphic examination has shown that the section down to approximately 6,000 ft (1,830 m) is Tertiary. The boundary between the Lower and Upper Cretaceous sections is placed between 8,600 and 9,200 ft (2,620 and 2,800 m) by various workers. Placement of the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary shows an even greater range based on different organisms; it is placed variously between 12,250 and 13,450 ft (3,730 and 5,000 m). The oldest unit penetrated in the well is considered to be Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) by some workers and Middle Jurassic (Callovian) by others. The Lower Cretaceous and Jurassic parts of the section represent nonmarine to shallow-marine shelf sedimentation. Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary units reflect generally deeper water conditions at the B-3 well site and show a general transition from deposition at shelf to slope water depths.\r\n\r\nExamination of cores, well cuttings, and electric logs indicates that potential hydrocarbon-reservoir units are present throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous section. Porous and moderately permeable limestones and sandstones have been found in the Jurassic section, and significant thicknesses of sandstone with porosities as high as 30 percent and permeabilities in excess of 100 md have been encountered in the Cretaceous interval from about 7,000 to 12,000 ft (2,130 to 3,650 m).\r\n\r\nStudies of organic geochemistry, vitrinite reflectance, and color alteration of visible organic matter indicate that the Tertiary section, especially in its upper part, contains organic-carbon-rich sediments that are good potential oil source rocks. However, this part of the section is thermally immature and is unlikely to have acted as a source rock anywhere in the area of the B-3 well. The Cretaceous section is generally lean in organic carbon, the organic matter which is present is generally gas-prone, and the interval is thermally immature (although the lowest part of this section is approaching thermal maturity). The deepest part of the well, the Jurassic section, shows the onset of thermal maturity. The lower half of the Jurassic rocks has high organic-carbon contents with generally gas-prone organic matter. This interval is therefore considered to be an excellent possible gas source; it has a very high methane content.\r\n\r\nThe combination of gas-prone source rocks, thermal maturity, significant gas shows in the well at 15,750 ft (4,801 m) and porous reservoir rocks in the deepest parts of the well indicate a considerable potential for gas production from the Jurassic section in the area of the COST No. B-3 well. Wells drilled farther downslope from the B03 site may encounter more fully marine or deeper marine sections that may have a greater potential for oil (rather than gas) generation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir833","usgsCitation":"Scholle, P.A., 1980, Geological studies of the COST No. B-3 well, United States mid-Atlantic continental slope area: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 833, v, 132 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir833.","productDescription":"v, 132 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404395,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22551.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":31411,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1980/0833/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1980/0833/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"mid-Atlantic continental slope area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 38.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db687453","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholle, Peter A.","contributorId":48954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholle","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":148767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":14316,"text":"ofr80206 - 1980 - A practical Lagrangian transport model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-24T19:07:34.29595","indexId":"ofr80206","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-206","title":"A practical Lagrangian transport model","docAbstract":"An unconditionally stable and practical transport model for use in upland streams and rivers has been developed and verified. Basing the model on the Lagrangian, rather than the Eulerian, reference frame greatly reduces the numerical problems associated with solving the advective terms of the convective-diffusion equation. The model contains almost no numerical dispersion, is conceptually simple, and is relatively easy to code. Model results closely simulated dye concentrations measured in the Chattahoochee River near Atlanta, Ga. under highly unsteady flow conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80206","usgsCitation":"Jobson, H.E., 1980, A practical Lagrangian transport model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-206, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80206.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148167,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0206/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":408668,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0206/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Atlanta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.605712890625,\n 33.58030298537655\n ],\n [\n -84.20745849609375,\n 33.58030298537655\n ],\n [\n -84.20745849609375,\n 33.947916898356404\n ],\n [\n -84.605712890625,\n 33.947916898356404\n ],\n [\n -84.605712890625,\n 33.58030298537655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab5f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jobson, Harvey E.","contributorId":27032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4333,"text":"cir815 - 1980 - Interactive computer methods for generating mineral-resource maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:25","indexId":"cir815","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"815","title":"Interactive computer methods for generating mineral-resource maps","docAbstract":"Inasmuch as maps are a basic tool of geologists, the U.S. Geological Survey's CRIB (Computerized Resources Information Bank) was constructed so that the data it contains can be used to generate mineral-resource maps. However, by the standard methods used-batch processing and off-line plotting-the production of a finished map commonly takes 2-3 weeks. \r\n\r\nTo produce computer-generated maps more rapidly, cheaply, and easily, and also to provide an effective demonstration tool, we have devised two related methods for plotting maps as alternatives to conventional batch methods. These methods are: 1. Quick-Plot, an interactive program whose output appears on a CRT (cathode-ray-tube) device, and 2. The Interactive CAM (Cartographic Automatic Mapping system), which combines batch and interactive runs. The output of the Interactive CAM system is final compilation (not camera-ready) paper copy. Both methods are designed to use data from the CRIB file in conjunction with a map-plotting program. \r\n\r\nQuick-Plot retrieves a user-selected subset of data from the CRIB file, immediately produces an image of the desired area on a CRT device, and plots data points according to a limited set of user-selected symbols. This method is useful for immediate evaluation of the map and for demonstrating how trial maps can be made quickly. \r\n\r\nThe Interactive CAM system links the output of an interactive CRIB retrieval to a modified version of the CAM program, which runs in the batch mode and stores plotting instructions on a disk, rather than on a tape. The disk can be accessed by a CRT, and, thus, the user can view and evaluate the map output on a CRT immediately after a batch run, without waiting 1-3 days for an off-line plot. The user can, therefore, do most of the layout and design work in a relatively short time by use of the CRT, before generating a plot tape and having the map plotted on an off-line plotter.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Branch of Distribution, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir815","usgsCitation":"Calkins, J.A., Crosby, A., Huffman, T., Clark, A.L., Mason, G., and Bascle, R., 1980, Interactive computer methods for generating mineral-resource maps: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 815, iv, 70 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir815.","productDescription":"iv, 70 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1980/0815/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31443,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1980/0815/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0ca9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calkins, James Alfred","contributorId":75504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calkins","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Alfred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crosby, A.S.","contributorId":77127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosby","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huffman, T.E.","contributorId":15593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, A. L.","contributorId":89502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mason, G.T.","contributorId":9232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bascle, R.J.","contributorId":44520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bascle","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":22339,"text":"ofr801197 - 1980 - Study plan for the regional aquifer-system analysis of alluvial basins in south-central Arizona and adjacent states","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-26T22:35:43.105676","indexId":"ofr801197","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1197","title":"Study plan for the regional aquifer-system analysis of alluvial basins in south-central Arizona and adjacent states","docAbstract":"The alluvial basins in the Southwestern United States constitute a major source of ground water and are relied upon extensively for agricultural, industrial, and public water supplies. Large-scale depletion of ground water is directly related to pumping that has occurred in the past few decades and is continuing today. The U.S. Geological Survey has started a 4-year study of the alluvial basins in south-central Arizona and parts of California, Nevada, and New Mexico. The study is designed to document and describe the hydrologic setting in the basins, the ground-water resources available, and the effects of historical development on the ground-water system. To aid in the study, mathematical models of selected basins will be developed for appraising the local and regional flow systems.
Major tasks necessary to accomplish the study objectives include accumulating existing data on ground-water quantity and quality, entering the data into a computer file, identifying data deficiencies, and developing a program to remedy the deficiencies by collection of additional data. The approach to the study will be to develop and calibrate models of selected basins for which sufficient data exist and then to develop interpretation-transfer techniques whereby general predevelopment and postdevelopment conceptual models of the hydrologic system in other basins may be synthesized. The results will be applied to selected basins for testing, calibration, and modification. The end result of the project will be a better definition of the hydrologic parameters and a better understanding of the workings of the hydrologic system in the alluvial basins. The results will include models that can be used to study the effects of management alternatives and water-resources development on the hydrologic system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr801197","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Anderson, T.W., 1980, Study plan for the regional aquifer-system analysis of alluvial basins in south-central Arizona and adjacent states: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1197, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801197.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":399715,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1197/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1197/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"south-central Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.85107421875,\n 31.259769987394286\n ],\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 31.259769987394286\n ],\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 36.2265501474709\n ],\n [\n -114.85107421875,\n 36.2265501474709\n ],\n [\n -114.85107421875,\n 31.259769987394286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699ca1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, T. W.","contributorId":105686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":14060,"text":"ofr80233 - 1980 - Chemical, spectrographic, and modal analyses of syenitic rocks, thorium veins, and carbonatite in the Powderhorn District, Gunnison County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:48","indexId":"ofr80233","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-233","title":"Chemical, spectrographic, and modal analyses of syenitic rocks, thorium veins, and carbonatite in the Powderhorn District, Gunnison County, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80233","usgsCitation":"Hedlund, D.C., and Olson, J.C., 1980, Chemical, spectrographic, and modal analyses of syenitic rocks, thorium veins, and carbonatite in the Powderhorn District, Gunnison County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-233, iii, 45 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80233.","productDescription":"iii, 45 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0233/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42705,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0233/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dee4b07f02db5e3146","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedlund, David Carl","contributorId":53762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedlund","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Carl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olson, Jerry Chipman","contributorId":57869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"Chipman","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":16112,"text":"ofr80591 - 1980 - Ground water of coal deposits, Bay County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T14:19:56","indexId":"ofr80591","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-591","title":"Ground water of coal deposits, Bay County, Michigan","docAbstract":"A coal deposit in Bay County, Mich., typical of Pennsylvanian-coal deposits in the State, was studied to determine the degree to which hydrologic factors might affect future coal mining. The coal deposit, which averages about 0.5 meters in thickness, lies 50 meters below land surface. It is part of a multi-layered aquifer system that contains sandstone, shale, sand and gravel, and clay units in addition to beds of coal. Hydrologic characteristics (hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient) of each unit were evaluated by analyses of aquifer tests and a finite-difference groundwater flow model. A model simulating groundwater flow to a hypothetical mine was developed. Results of the study indicate that seepage will probably not be great enough to preclude mining coal. Also, pumping water to keep the mine dry will have little effect on heads in aquifers outside the mine during the first decade of mining.
Although coal was mined in Michigan during 1860-1950, significant reserves remain. These deposits, part of the Saginaw Formation of Pennsylvanian age, are near the industrialized parts of the State. The quantity of pumped water needed to keep mines dry and the effect of pumping on aquifers surrounding the mines is a major factor in determining the feasibility of opening new mines.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/ofr80591","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Geological Survey Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, and with Michigan Technological University","usgsCitation":"Stark, J., and McDonald, M.G., 1980, Ground water of coal deposits, Bay County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-591, vi, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80591.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":148643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0591/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45037,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0591/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Bay County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.145833,\n 43.8\n ],\n [\n -84.145833,\n 43.7375\n ],\n [\n -84.041667,\n 43.7375\n ],\n [\n -84.041667,\n 43.8\n ],\n [\n -84.145833,\n 43.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d728","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stark, J. R.","contributorId":100406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stark","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, Michael G.","contributorId":47352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22310,"text":"ofr80797 - 1980 - Modern and Holocene chrysomonad cysts from Lost Trail Pass Bog, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:56","indexId":"ofr80797","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-797","title":"Modern and Holocene chrysomonad cysts from Lost Trail Pass Bog, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80797","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Adam, D.P., and Mehringer, P.J., 1980, Modern and Holocene chrysomonad cysts from Lost Trail Pass Bog, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-797, 18 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80797.","productDescription":"18 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0797/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51724,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0797/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6996da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adam, David P.","contributorId":36132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adam","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mehringer, Peter J.","contributorId":79470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehringer","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11562,"text":"ofr80186 - 1980 - Seismic refraction data for shots recorded in the Coso Range, California, October 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-24T19:10:14.089586","indexId":"ofr80186","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-186","title":"Seismic refraction data for shots recorded in the Coso Range, California, October 1976","docAbstract":"