{"pageNumber":"1548","pageRowStart":"38675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40797,"records":[{"id":70120079,"text":"70120079 - 1980 - Effect of delayed reporting of band recoveries on survival estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-12T09:27:31","indexId":"70120079","displayToPublicDate":"1980-07-01T09:18:16","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of delayed reporting of band recoveries on survival estimates","docAbstract":"

Brownie et al. (U.S. Fish and Wildl. Serv., Resource Publ. 131, 1978) presented 14 models based on an array of explicit assumptions for the study of survival in avian populations. These methods are replacing the life table methods previously used to estimate survival rates (e.g., Burnham and Anderson, J. Wildl. Manage., 43: 356-366, 1979). The new methods allow survival or recovery rates, or both, to be constant, time-specific, or time- and age-specific.

\n
\n

In studies to estimate survival rates for birds the data are often from recoveries of birds shot or found dead during the hunting season and reported to the Bird Banding Laboratory by sportsmen, conservation agency employees, or the general public. This note examines the bias in estimating annual survival due to a proportion of the recoveries being incorrectly reported a year late. Specifically, a few recoveries each year of, for example, adult male American Widgeon (Anas americana) banded in California are reported as being recovered in year i + 1 when in fact they were actually recovered the previous year i. Delayed reporting might typically be caused by people finding a band in their health clothing in the fall of the year and, being embarrassed about their failure to report the band when it was taken, report it a year late not mentioning the actual year of recovery. Heuristically, delayed reporting should bias estimated annual survival rates upwards because it appears from the data that the birds corresponding to the \"delayed\" recoveries actually lived an additional year.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Northeastern Bird-Banding Association","publisherLocation":"Ipswich, NH","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D.R., and Burnham, K.P., 1980, Effect of delayed reporting of band recoveries on survival estimates: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 51, no. 3, p. 244-247.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"244","endPage":"247","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291991,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53eb2a68e4b0461e447649f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, David R.","contributorId":92722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnham, Kenneth P.","contributorId":95025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":189,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012433,"text":"70012433 - 1980 - Sediment transport in Norton Sound, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-11T15:35:55.48006","indexId":"70012433","displayToPublicDate":"1980-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment transport in Norton Sound, Alaska","docAbstract":"

The Yukon River, the largest single source of Bering Sea sediment, delivers > 95% of its sediment load at the southwest comer of Norton Sound during the ice-free months of late May through October. During this period, surface winds in the northern Bering Sea area are generally light from the south and southwest, and surface waves are not significant. Although wind stress may cause some transport of low-density turbid surface water into the head of Norton Sound, the most significant transport of Yukon River suspended matter occurs within advective currents flowing north across the outer part of the sound. The thickest accumulations of modern Yukon silt and very fine sand occur beneath this persistent current.

We monitored temporal variations in bottom currents, pressure, and suspended-matter concentrations within this major transport pathway for 80 days in the summer of 1977 using a Geological Processes Bottom Environmental (GEOPROBE) tripod system. The record reveals two distinctive periods of bottom flow and sediment transport: an initial 59 days (July 8–September 5) of fair-weather conditions, characterized by tidally dominated currents and relatively low, stable suspended-matter concentrations; and a 21-day period (September 5–September 26) during which several storms traversed the northern Bering Sea, mean suspended-matter concentrations near the bottom increased by a factor of five, and the earlier tidal dominance was overshadowed by wind-driven and oscillatory wave-generated currents.

Friction velocities (u*) at the GEOPROBE site were generally subcritical during the initial fair-weather period. In contrast, the 21-day stormy period was characterized by uFriction velocities (u*) at the GEOPROBE site were generally subcritical during the initial fair-weather period. In contrast, the 21-day stormy period was characterized by u*values that exceeded the critical level of 1.3 cm/s more than 60% of the time. The GEOPROBE data suggest that the very fine sand constituting about 50% of the sediment on the outer part of the Yukon prodelta is transported during a few late-summer and fall storms each year. A conservative estimate shows that suspended-matter transport during the storms in September 1977 was equal to four months of fair-weather transport. values that exceeded the critical level of 1.3 cm/s more than 60% of the time. The GEOPROBE data suggest that the very fine sand constituting about 50% of the sediment on the outer part of the Yukon prodelta is transported during a few late-summer and fall storms each year. A conservative estimate shows that suspended-matter transport during the storms in September 1977 was equal to four months of fair-weather transport.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(80)90043-2","usgsCitation":"Drake, D., Cacchione, D., Muench, R., and Nelson, C., 1980, Sediment transport in Norton Sound, Alaska: Marine Geology, v. 36, no. 1-2, p. 97-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(80)90043-2.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"126","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222201,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Norton Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -166.93816207810704,\n 65.1847517876121\n ],\n [\n -166.93816207810704,\n 62.997485781439735\n ],\n [\n -160.32671205235334,\n 62.997485781439735\n ],\n [\n -160.32671205235334,\n 65.1847517876121\n ],\n [\n -166.93816207810704,\n 65.1847517876121\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b89d9e4b08c986b316ee5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, D.E.","contributorId":48150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muench, R.D.","contributorId":83270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muench","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, C.H.","contributorId":88346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70209771,"text":"70209771 - 1980 - Allochthonous Jurassic ophiolite in northwest Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-24T19:36:33.816797","indexId":"70209771","displayToPublicDate":"1980-04-24T14:26:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Allochthonous Jurassic ophiolite in northwest Washington","docAbstract":"

Fragments of Jurassic ophiolite having U-Pb zircon ages narrowly grouped at 160 to 170 m.y. are widespread over parts of northwest Washington. The Haystack thrust fault is inferred to mark the base of the ophiolite in the San Juan Islands and adjacent Cascade foothills; other bodies of mafic and ultramafic rock in the western Cascades may be klippen of the Haystack thrust plate. The Haystack thrust fault is probably the structurally highest and possibly most extensive thrust yet recognized within a family of Late Cretaceous thrust faults in northwest Washington.

The ophiolite and its time of emplacement (bracketed between about 100 and 88 m.y.) suggest a similarity with the Coast Range thrust of California which thrust Upper Jurassic ophiolite and the Great Valley sedimentary sequence over the Franciscan assemblage. However, relations in the Cascades are complicated by the extraordinarily diverse character of lower plate rocks, of which very few resemble the Franciscan. We conclude that an original subduction system was modified by later tectonic activity so that a variety of terranes was juxtaposed as a family of rootless thrusts, with the ophiolite forming, at least in some areas, the uppermost structural unit. Perhaps the emplacement of Wrangellia, an allochthonous microcontinent west of the San Juan Islands, caused the thrusting.

","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1980)91<359:AJOINW>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Whetten, J.T., Zartman, R., Blakely, R.J., and Jones, D.L., 1980, Allochthonous Jurassic ophiolite in northwest Washington: GSA Bulletin, v. 91, no. 6, p. 359-368, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1980)91<359:AJOINW>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"368","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374270,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Northwest Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 48.100094697973795\n ],\n [\n -121.871337890625,\n 48.100094697973795\n ],\n [\n -121.871337890625,\n 48.90083790234091\n ],\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 48.90083790234091\n ],\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 48.100094697973795\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whetten, John T.","contributorId":102444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whetten","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zartman, R. E.","contributorId":15632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, David L.","contributorId":61925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70112924,"text":"70112924 - 1980 - Need for new sensors to map lithologic units","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-18T12:32:41","indexId":"70112924","displayToPublicDate":"1980-04-17T12:14:02","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3393,"text":"Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Need for new sensors to map lithologic units","docAbstract":"

One of the most important contributions that remote sensing can make to mineral energy explorations to provide data from satellites to augment regional geological mapping. Geologic maps, which show information on the subsurface, are the main basis for formulating models of resource genesis that guide exploration. However, conventional compilation procedures are time-consuming and therefore often slow the pace of exploration, especially in large, inaccessible areas. Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) images have been applied to a wide variety of specific geological problems, including discrimination of lithologic and delineation of previously unrecognized tectonic features. However, these lithologic distinctions are based on brightness, spectral reflectance, and, less commonly, the morphology of the unit, which in the wavelength region of MSS images are only rarely diagnostic of specific mineralogical content. Limonite is the only lithological material that can be identified be analyzing MSS spectral radiance.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","usgsCitation":"Rowan, L.C., 1980, Need for new sensors to map lithologic units: Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition, p. 106-107.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"106","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288806,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7783e4b0abf75cf2c164","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barringer, Anthony R.","contributorId":112053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barringer","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509905,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Rowan, Lawrence C.","contributorId":58629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70112923,"text":"70112923 - 1980 - Detection and modeling of subsurface coal oxidation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-18T12:13:03","indexId":"70112923","displayToPublicDate":"1980-04-16T12:07:48","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3393,"text":"Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection and modeling of subsurface coal oxidation","docAbstract":"

The oxidation and sustained ignition of coal and coaly wastes within surface coal mine spoils in the southwestern U.S. have hampered the success of reclamation efforts at these locations. To assess better the magnitude, depth, geometry, and dynamics of the oxidation process thermal infrared remote sensing data have been used. Digital thermal imagery was found to be useful for this purpose and was integrated with finite different heat transfer models to yield predictions of several characteristics of the thermal source. In addition to thermal infrared imagery, aerial color and false color infrared imagery were found to provide useful information for the interpretation of oxidation phenomena by means of variations in surface vegetation, color of the surface material, subsidence, etc. The combined use of thermal infrared imagery and thermal modeling techniques are well suited for use in exploration and interpretation of other thermal targets.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","usgsCitation":"Leonhart, L.S., and Rasmussen, W.O., 1980, Detection and modeling of subsurface coal oxidation: Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition, p. 83-83.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288805,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7680e4b0abf75cf2bf72","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barringer, Anthony R.","contributorId":112053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barringer","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509904,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Leonhart, Leo S.","contributorId":77050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonhart","given":"Leo","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, William O.","contributorId":6376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70112909,"text":"70112909 - 1980 - Interpretation of long- and short-wavelength magnetic anomalies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-18T10:57:11","indexId":"70112909","displayToPublicDate":"1980-04-15T10:40:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3393,"text":"Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpretation of long- and short-wavelength magnetic anomalies","docAbstract":"

Magset was launched on October 30, 1979. More than a decade of examining existing data, devising appropriate models of the global magnetic field, and extending methods for interpreting long-wavelength magnetic anomalies preceded this launch

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\n

Magnetic data collected by satellite can be interrupted by using a method of analysis that quantitively describes the magnetic field resulting from three-dimensional geologic structures that are bounded by an arbitrary number of polygonal faces, Each face my have any orientation and three or more sides. At each point of the external field, the component normal to each face is obtained by using an expression for the solid angle subtended by a generalized polygon. The \"cross\" of tangential components are relatively easy to obtain for the same polygons.

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\n

No approximations have been made related to orbit height that restrict the dimensions of the polygons relative to the distance from the external field points. This permits the method to be used to model shorter wavelength anomalies obtained from aircraft or ground surveys.

\n
\n

The magnetic fields for all the structures considered are determine in the same rectangular coordinate system. The coordinate system is in depended from the orientation of geologic trends and permits multiple structures or bodies to be included in the same magnetic field calculations. This single reference system also simplified adjustments in position and direction to account for earth curvature in regional interpretation.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","usgsCitation":"DeNoyer, J.M., 1980, Interpretation of long- and short-wavelength magnetic anomalies: Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition, p. 51-51.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"51","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288790,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7753e4b0abf75cf2c0f9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barringer, Anthony R.","contributorId":112053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barringer","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509899,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"DeNoyer, John M.","contributorId":96271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeNoyer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012248,"text":"70012248 - 1980 - Sedimentology and geochemistry of surface sediments, outer continental shelf, southern Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-09T17:17:13.039769","indexId":"70012248","displayToPublicDate":"1980-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentology and geochemistry of surface sediments, outer continental shelf, southern Bering Sea","docAbstract":"

Present-day sediment dynamics, combined with lowerings of sea level during the Pleistocene, have created a mixture of sediments on the outer continental shelf of the southern Bering Sea that was derived from the Alaskan Mainland, the Aleutian Islands, and the Pribilof ridge. Concentrations of finer-grained, higher-organic sediments in the region of the St. George basin have further modified regional distribution patterns of sediment composition.

Q-mode factor analysis of 58 variables related to sediment size and composition - including content of major, minor, and trace elements, heavy and light minerals, and clay minerals - reveals three dominant associations of sediment:

1. (1) The most significant contribution, forming a coarse-grained sediment scattered over most of the shelf consists of felsic sediment derived from the generally quartz-rich rocks of the Alaskan mainland. This sediment contains relatively high concentrations of Si, Ba, Rb, quartz, garnet, epidote, metamorphic rock fragments, potassium feldspar, and illite.

2. (2) The next most important group, superimposed on the felsic group consists of andesitic sediment derived from the Aleutian Islands. This more mafic sediment contains relatively high concentrations of Na, Ca, Ti, Sr, V, Mn, Cu, Fe, Al, Co, Zn, Y, Yb, Ga, volcanic rock fragments, glass, clinopyroxene, smectite, and vermiculite.

3. (3) A local group of basaltic sediment, derived from rocks of the Pribilof Islands, is a subgroup of the Aleutian andesite group. Accumulation of fine-grained sediment in St. George basin has created a sediment group containing relatively high concentrations of C, S, U, Li, B, Zr, Ga, Hg, silt, and clay.

Sediment of the Aleutian andesite group exhibits a strong gradient, or \"plume\", with concentrations decreasing away from Unimak Pass and toward St. George basin. The absence of present-day currents sufficient to move even clay-size material as well as the presence of Bering submarine canyon between the Aleutian Islands and the outer continental shelf and slope, indicates that Holocene sediment dynamics cannot be used to explain the observed distribution of surface sediment derived from the Aleutian Islands. We suggest that this pattern is relict and resulted from sediment dynamics during lower sea levels of the Pleistocene. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(80)90123-1","usgsCitation":"Gardner, J., Dean, W., and Vallier, T., 1980, Sedimentology and geochemistry of surface sediments, outer continental shelf, southern Bering Sea: Marine Geology, v. 35, no. 4, p. 299-329, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(80)90123-1.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"329","costCenters":[{"id":310,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy and Geophysics Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":221936,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering 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\"}}]}","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8a9ce4b08c986b317294","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, J.V.","contributorId":76705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vallier, T.L.","contributorId":69526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallier","given":"T.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1416,"text":"1416 - 1980 - Development of uranium exploration models for the Prospector consultant system: final report covering the period September 22, 1978 to September 21, 1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-10T08:49:26","indexId":"1416","displayToPublicDate":"1980-03-01T08:47:20","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Development of uranium exploration models for the Prospector consultant system: final report covering the period September 22, 1978 to September 21, 1979","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"SRI project 7856","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/1416","usgsCitation":"Gaschnig, J., 1980, Development of uranium exploration models for the Prospector consultant system: final report covering the period September 22, 1978 to September 21, 1979, ix, 603 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/1416.","productDescription":"ix, 603 p.","numberOfPages":"612","temporalStart":"1978-09-22","temporalEnd":"1979-09-21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bfb5f6e4b06d97a6487d0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaschnig, John","contributorId":15933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaschnig","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70231445,"text":"70231445 - 1980 - High throughput Landsat imagery film recorder","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-10T17:48:51.594749","indexId":"70231445","displayToPublicDate":"1980-02-12T12:38:55","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"High throughput Landsat imagery film recorder","docAbstract":"

The Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center is responsible for processing, archiving, reproducing, and distributing satellite and aircraft remotely-sensed Earth imagery data in both film and digital format. Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) and Return Beam Vidicon (RBV) sensor data alone represents a daily recording requirement of 23 billion pixels on 1000 feet of film. New satellites and sensors may double this amount of data within two years. To handle these requirements, the EROS Data Center installed an operational, multi-mode, programmable, high throughput, high resolution laser-beam film recording system directly on-line to the primary digital image processing computer. This system employs an Argon-Ion laser light source, electro-optic modulator, and rotating mirror to expose film in a flat-field line-scanned format at rates up to 400 lines per second. Laboratory-type requirements, such as a geometric fidelity of ± 0.05% and density repeatability within ± 0.05D, are maintained in a high-throughput production environment. To provide for future sensor formats, the scan rate, scanning spot size, film velocity, laser power, and number of overscans are firmware programmable for up to 16 on-line, auto-matically selectable configurations.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings Volume 0200, Laser Recording and Information Handling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"23rd Annual Technical Symposium","conferenceDate":"1979","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, California, United States","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers","doi":"10.1117/12.958075","usgsCitation":"Ulmer, D.E., 1980, High throughput Landsat imagery film recorder, in Proceedings Volume 0200, Laser Recording and Information Handling, v. 200, San Diego, California, United States, 1979, p. 114-124, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.958075.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"114","endPage":"124","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"200","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ulmer, David E.","contributorId":291593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulmer","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012312,"text":"70012312 - 1980 - Current-controlled, abyssal microtopography and sedimentation in Mozambique Basin, southwest Indian Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-09T17:23:27.334052","indexId":"70012312","displayToPublicDate":"1980-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Current-controlled, abyssal microtopography and sedimentation in Mozambique Basin, southwest Indian Ocean","docAbstract":"

The Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) activity and the variations in the abundance and grain size of the terrigenous sediments, derived from Africa and Madagascar land masses, are reflected in different types of microtopography in the Mozambique Basin. In southerly areas, where the sediment supply is much less, the bottom-current activity has resulted in the presence of manganese nodules, a thin veneer of sediments, and the absence of sediment waves. Farther north, along the marginal areas of the basin where the fine-grained sediments from the Africa—Madagascar source have been supplied in abundance, wavy bedforms have been generated by AABW. Wavy bedforms do not exist even in the northerly areas if coarse-grained, turbidite sediments are present on the sea floor. The continuation of acoustic reflectors from the zone of turbidites in the central areas of the basin into the zone of sediment waves along the margins, and the lithology and structures in sediment cores from these zones suggest that the turbidity-current-fed, fine-grained sediments were deposited as wavy bedforms by AABW flow. Thus, sediment waves formed readily during Pleistocene times. The enrichment of quartz and displaced Antarctic diatoms, and the relatively low kaolinite/chlorite ratios in the sediments, the north-pointing current lineations on the sea floor, the lack of any perceptible sedimentary fill in the troughs of waves, and the dense nepheloid layer in the westerly areas of the Mozambique Basin, attest to the current-controlled sedimentation and generation of wavy bedforms during Holocene time also. The formation of sediment waves in the Mozambique Basin can be modeled after a fluvial antidune mechanism. This model envisages that internal waves, focused on a benthic boundary layer cap, have been locked in phase with sediment waves in the presence of an 8–10 cm/sec current in the Mozambique Basin. A density contrast of 2·10−6 g/cm3 appears to exist at the tops of benthic boundary layers in the Mozambique Basin and is quite sufficient for supporting the internal waves. The densiometric Froude number calculated for a 60–280 m thick boundary layer in the basin is close to unity or greater, and is compatible with the antidune model.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(80)90071-7","usgsCitation":"Kolla, V., Eittreim, S., Sullivan, L., Kostecki, J., and Burckle, L., 1980, Current-controlled, abyssal microtopography and sedimentation in Mozambique Basin, southwest Indian Ocean: Marine Geology, v. 34, no. 3-4, p. 171-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(80)90071-7.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"206","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221938,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd1ae4b0c8380cd4e625","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolla, V.","contributorId":70540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolla","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eittreim, S.","contributorId":74878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eittreim","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sullivan, L.","contributorId":85327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kostecki, J.A.","contributorId":23691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kostecki","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burckle, L.H.","contributorId":16977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burckle","given":"L.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70012258,"text":"70012258 - 1980 - Morphology of Lonar Crater, India: Comparisons and implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:05","indexId":"70012258","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3570,"text":"The Moon and the Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphology of Lonar Crater, India: Comparisons and implications","docAbstract":"Lonar Crater is a young meteorite impact crater emplaced in Deccan basalt. Data from 5 drillholes, a gravity network, and field mapping are used to reconstruct its original dimensions, delineate the nature of the pre-impact target rocks, and interpret the emplacement mode of the ejecta. Our estimates of the pre-erosion dimensions are: average diameter of 1710 m; average rim height of 40 m (30-35 m of rim rock uplift, 5-10 m of ejected debris); depth of 230-245 m (from rim crest to crater floor). The crater's circularity index is 0.9 and is unlikely to have been lower in the past. There are minor irregularities in the original crater floor (present sediment-breccia boundary) possibly due to incipient rebound effects. A continuous ejecta blanket extends an average of 1410 m beyond the pre-erosion rim crest. In general, 'fresh' terrestrial craters, less than 10 km in diameter, have smaller depth/diameter and larger rim height/diameter ratios than their lunar counterparts. Both ratios are intermediate for Mercurian craters, suggesting that crater shape is gravity dependent, all else being equal. Lonar demonstrates that all else is not always equal. Its depth/diameter ratio is normal but, because of less rim rock uplift, its rim height/diameter ratio is much smaller than both 'fresh' terrestrial and lunar impact craters. The target rock column at Lonar consists of one or more layers of weathered, soft basalt capped by fresh, dense flows. Plastic deformation and/or compaction of this lower, incompetent material probably absorbed much of the energy normally available in the cratering process for rim rock uplift. A variety of features within the ejecta blanket and the immediately underlying substrate, plus the broad extent of the blanket boundaries, suggest that a fluidized debris surge was the dominant mechanism of ejecta transportation and deposition at Lonar. In these aspects, Lonar should be a good analog for the 'fluidized craters' of Mars. ?? 1980 D. Reidel Publishing Co.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Moon and the Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00897591","issn":"01650807","usgsCitation":"Fudali, R., Milton, D., Fredriksson, K., and Dube, A., 1980, Morphology of Lonar Crater, India: Comparisons and implications: The Moon and the Planets, v. 23, no. 4, p. 493-515, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00897591.","startPage":"493","endPage":"515","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205191,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00897591"},{"id":222064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e52e4b0c8380cd7096a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fudali, R.F.","contributorId":26445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fudali","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milton, D.J.","contributorId":44121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milton","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fredriksson, K.","contributorId":11328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredriksson","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dube, A.","contributorId":8615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dube","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012629,"text":"70012629 - 1980 - The frontal method in hydrodynamics simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-21T16:09:27.266599","indexId":"70012629","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1314,"text":"Computers and Fluids","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The frontal method in hydrodynamics simulations","docAbstract":"

The frontal solution method has proven to be an effective means of solving the matrix equations resulting from the application of the finite element method to a variety of problems. In this study, several versions of the frontal method were compared in efficiency for several hydrodynamics problems. Three basic modifications were shown to be of value: 1. Elimination of equations with boundary conditions beforehand, 2. Modification of the pivoting procedures to allow dynamic management of the equation size, and 3. Storage of the eliminated equations in a vector. These modifications are sufficiently general to be applied to other classes of problems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0045-7930(80)90016-X","usgsCitation":"Walters, R.A., 1980, The frontal method in hydrodynamics simulations: Computers and Fluids, v. 8, no. 2, p. 265-272, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7930(80)90016-X.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"272","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222606,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac2ee4b08c986b323315","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walters, Roy A.","contributorId":74877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012334,"text":"70012334 - 1980 - Supplementary modification and introduction of code numbers to the low-latitude coccolith biostratigraphic zonation (Bukry, 1973; 1975)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-02T16:34:40.649038","indexId":"70012334","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Supplementary modification and introduction of code numbers to the low-latitude coccolith biostratigraphic zonation (Bukry, 1973; 1975)","docAbstract":"

No abstract available. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0377-8398(80)90016-X","usgsCitation":"Okada, H., and Bukry, D., 1980, Supplementary modification and introduction of code numbers to the low-latitude coccolith biostratigraphic zonation (Bukry, 1973; 1975): Marine Micropaleontology, v. 5, p. 321-325, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8398(80)90016-X.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"321","endPage":"325","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222193,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f74e4b08c986b31e5bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Okada, H.","contributorId":14097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okada","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, D.","contributorId":15338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012194,"text":"70012194 - 1980 - Influence of San Gabriel submarine canyon on narrow-shelf sediment dynamics, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-14T13:59:14","indexId":"70012194","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of San Gabriel submarine canyon on narrow-shelf sediment dynamics, southern California","docAbstract":"

Variations in the concentration of total suspended particulate matter (TSM) collected 1 m above bottom, changes in vertical profiles of light transmission, and substrate textural patterns reveal a corridor for preferential sediment transport on San Pedro continental shelf, California. During the winter, this corridor, designated the preferential transport corridor (PTC), is defined by higher concentrations of TSM relative to the rest of the shelf and extends for 10-15 km from the inner shelf to the head of San Gabriel Submarine Canyon. Vertical profiles of light transmission within the PTC suggest density stratification throughout the water column and apparent mixing in the upper 15-20 m of water column on either side of the PTC. The PTC is not as fully developed during the summer. Excursions in isopleths of substrate textural variables perpendicular to isobaths in the PTC suggest that although the PTC is seasonally episodic, it recurs regularly over a longer period.

\n

 

\n

A conceptual model attributes the PTC to modification of shelf circulation patterns by San Gabriel Canyon. Surface waves diverge over the canyon head resulting in differential wave set up at the shore face. This forces back turbid nearshore water for a distance of a few kilometers toward the canyon. At some point on the shelf, seaward nearshore flow overlaps offshore currents generated or modified by internal waves focused onto the shelf by the canyon and/or turbulent eddies produced by flow separation in currents moving across the canyon axis. At times, these subtle processes overprint tidal and wind-driven currents and thereby create the PTC. The model suggests that canyons heading several kilometers from shore can have a regulatory effect on narrow-shelf sediment dynamics.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(80)90141-3","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Karl, H.A., 1980, Influence of San Gabriel submarine canyon on narrow-shelf sediment dynamics, southern California: Marine Geology, v. 34, no. 1-2, p. 61-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(80)90141-3.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Gabriel Submarine Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.31520080566406,\n 33.535671379525546\n ],\n [\n -118.31520080566406,\n 33.79854997801964\n ],\n [\n -117.91831970214842,\n 33.79854997801964\n ],\n [\n -117.91831970214842,\n 33.535671379525546\n ],\n [\n -118.31520080566406,\n 33.535671379525546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b05e4b0c8380cd62179","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":80649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70174409,"text":"70174409 - 1980 - Accuracy of an estuarine hydrodynamic model using smooth elements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-05T12:30:47","indexId":"70174409","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accuracy of an estuarine hydrodynamic model using smooth elements","docAbstract":"

A finite element model which uses triangular, isoparametric elements with quadratic basis functions for the two velocity components and linear basis functions for water surface elevation is used in the computation of shallow water wave motions. Specifically addressed are two common uncertainties in this class of two-dimensional hydrodynamic models: the treatment of the boundary conditions at open boundaries and the treatment of lateral boundary conditions. The accuracy of the models is tested with a set of numerical experiments in rectangular and curvilinear channels with constant and variable depth. The results indicate that errors in velocity at the open boundary can be significant when boundary conditions for water surface elevation are specified. Methods are suggested for minimizing these errors. The results also show that continuity is better maintained within the spatial domain of interest when ‘smooth’ curve-sided elements are used at shoreline boundaries than when piecewise linear boundaries are used. Finally, a method for network development is described which is based upon a continuity criterion to gauge accuracy. A finite element network for San Francisco Bay, California, is used as an example.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR016i001p00187","usgsCitation":"Walters, R.A., and Cheng, R.T., 1980, Accuracy of an estuarine hydrodynamic model using smooth elements: Water Resources Research, v. 16, no. 1, p. 187-195, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR016i001p00187.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"195","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325055,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.3544921875,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -121.17919921875001,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -121.17919921875001,\n 38.453588708941375\n ],\n [\n -123.3544921875,\n 38.453588708941375\n ],\n [\n -123.3544921875,\n 37.19533058280065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784c335e4b0e02680be58f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walters, Roy A.","contributorId":74877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheng, Ralph T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012368,"text":"70012368 - 1980 - Clarification of the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds on the effective elastic moduli of polycrystals with hexagonal, trigonal, and tetragonal symmetries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:03","indexId":"70012368","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2171,"text":"Journal of Applied Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Clarification of the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds on the effective elastic moduli of polycrystals with hexagonal, trigonal, and tetragonal symmetries","docAbstract":"Bounds on the effective elastic moduli of randomly oriented aggregates of hexagonal, trigonal, and tetragonal crystals are derived using the variational principles of Hashin and Shtrikman. The bounds are considerably narrower than the widely used Voigt and Reuss bounds. The Voigt-Reuss-Hill average lies within the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds in nearly all cases. Previous bounds of Peselnick and Meister are shown to be special cases of the present results.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Physics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1063/1.327804","issn":"00214922","usgsCitation":"Watt, J., and Peselnick, L., 1980, Clarification of the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds on the effective elastic moduli of polycrystals with hexagonal, trigonal, and tetragonal symmetries: Journal of Applied Physics, v. 51, no. 3, p. 1525-1531, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.327804.","startPage":"1525","endPage":"1531","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205209,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.327804"},{"id":222197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f614e4b0c8380cd4c5a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watt, J.P.","contributorId":42355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peselnick, L.","contributorId":66825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peselnick","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012352,"text":"70012352 - 1980 - Scaling variables and interpretation of eigenvalues in principal component analysis of geologic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:07","indexId":"70012352","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2554,"text":"Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scaling variables and interpretation of eigenvalues in principal component analysis of geologic data","docAbstract":"The dominant feature distinguishing one method of principal components analysis from another is the manner in which the original data are transformed prior to the other computations. The only other distinguishing feature of any importance is whether the eigenvectors of the inner product-moment of the transformed data matrix are taken directly as the Q-mode scores or scaled by the square roots of their associated eigenvalues and called the R-mode loadings. If the eigenvectors are extracted from the product-moment correlation matrix, the variables, in effect, were transformed by column standardization (zero means and unit variances), and the sum of the p-largest eigenvalues divided by the sum of all the eigenvalues indicates the degree to which a model containing p components will account for the total variance in the original data. However, if the data were transformed in any manner other than column standardization, the eigenvalues cannot be used in this manner, but can only be used to determine the degree to which the model will account for the transformed data. Regardless of the type of principal components analysis that is performed-even whether it is R or Q-mode-the goodness-of-fit of the model to the original data is given better by the eigenvalues of the correlation matrix than by those of the matrix that was actually factored. ?? 1980 Plenum Publishing Corporation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF01034742","issn":"00205958","usgsCitation":"Miesch, A., 1980, Scaling variables and interpretation of eigenvalues in principal component analysis of geologic data: Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology, v. 12, no. 6, p. 523-538, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01034742.","startPage":"523","endPage":"538","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205169,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01034742"},{"id":221942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b871de4b08c986b316308","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miesch, A.T.","contributorId":88726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miesch","given":"A.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012347,"text":"70012347 - 1980 - Stable carbon isotopes of HCO3- in oil-field waters-implications for the origin of CO2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-14T15:53:42.823553","indexId":"70012347","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable carbon isotopes of HCO3- in oil-field waters-implications for the origin of CO2","docAbstract":"

The δ13C values of dissolved HCO3− in 75 water samples from 15 oil and gas fields (San Joaquin Valley, Calif., and the Houston-Galveston and Corpus Christi areas of Texas) were determined to study the sources of CO2 of the dissolved species and carbonate cements that modify the porosity and permeability of many petroleum reservoir rocks. The reservoir rocks are sandstones which range in age from Eocene through Miocene. The δ13C values of total HCO3− indicate that the carbon in the dissolved carbonate species and carbonate cements is mainly of organic origin.

The range of δ13C values for the HCO3− of these waters is −20–28 per mil relative to PDB. This wide range of δ13C values is explained by three mechanisms. Microbiological degradation of organic matter appears to be the dominant process controlling the extremely low and high δ13C values of HCO3− in the shallow production zones where the subsurface temperatures are less than 80°C. The extremely low δ13C values (< −10 per mil) are obtained in waters where concentrations of SO42− are more than 25 mg/l and probably result from the degradation of organic acid anions by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SO42− + CH3COO− → 2HCO3− + HS−). The high δ13C values probably result from the degradation of these anions by methanogenic bacteria (CH3COO− + H2OaiHCO3− + CH4).

Thermal decarboxylation of short-chain aliphatic acid anions (principally acetate) to produce CO2 and CH4 is probably the major source of CO2 for production zones with subsurface temperatures greater than 80°C. The δ13C values of HCO3− for waters from zones with temperatures greater than 100°C result from isotopic equilibration between CO2 and CH4. At these high temperatures, δ13C values of HCO3− decrease with increasing temperatures and decreasing concentrations of these acid anions.




","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(80)90140-4","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Carothers, W., and Kharaka, Y., 1980, Stable carbon isotopes of HCO3- in oil-field waters-implications for the origin of CO2: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 44, no. 2, p. 323-332, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(80)90140-4.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"332","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221886,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9665e4b08c986b31b4a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carothers, W.W.","contributorId":43803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carothers","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kharaka, Y.K.","contributorId":23568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Y.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012336,"text":"70012336 - 1980 - Lithospheric loading by the 1896 Riku-u earthquake, northern Japan: Implications for plate flexure and asthenospheric rheology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-16T16:55:17.414077","indexId":"70012336","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithospheric loading by the 1896 Riku-u earthquake, northern Japan: Implications for plate flexure and asthenospheric rheology","docAbstract":"

Under favorable circumstances the time-dependent aseismic deformation resulting from the loading of the lithosphere by the stress drop of large dip slip earthquakes can be used to determine both the effective elastic plate thickness and the asthenospheric viscosity. The deformation has several similarities with the deflection of the lithosphere by surface loads and with movements due to postglacial rebound. Level changes obtained in the 80 years since the M = 7.5, 1896 Riku-u earthquake, an intraplate thrust event in northern Honshu, provide convincing evidence that asthenospheric readjustments are responsible for the observed movements. Leveling surveys crossing the zone of surface faulting have been repeated five times since 1900 and delineate a localized depression that has subsided at a continually decreasing rate. The depression is centered close to the 1896 faulting, and its shape and width, about 75 km, are matched by our model using a plate thickness of 30 km. The decaying subsidence rate constrains the viscosity of the uppermost asthenosphere to be 1×1020 P. A linear viscous rheology matches the observed decay quite well, although measurements are sparse during the several decades following the earthquake.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB085iB11p06429","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Thatcher, W., Matsuda, T., Kato, T., and Rundle, J.B., 1980, Lithospheric loading by the 1896 Riku-u earthquake, northern Japan: Implications for plate flexure and asthenospheric rheology: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 85, no. B11, p. 6429-6435, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB085iB11p06429.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"6429","endPage":"6435","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222195,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a489fe4b0c8380cd67fcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thatcher, W.","contributorId":32669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matsuda, T.","contributorId":49522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsuda","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kato, T.","contributorId":93195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kato","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rundle, J. B.","contributorId":17766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rundle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012219,"text":"70012219 - 1980 - Ice-sheet glaciation of the Puget lowland, Washington, during the Vashon Stade (late Pleistocene)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-10T16:48:37.840047","indexId":"70012219","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ice-sheet glaciation of the Puget lowland, Washington, during the Vashon Stade (late Pleistocene)","docAbstract":"

During the Vashon Stade of the Fraser Glaciation, about 15,000–13,000 yr B.P., a lobe of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet occupied the Puget lowland of western Washington. At its maximum extent about 14,000 yr ago, the ice sheet extended across the Puget lowland between the Cascade Range and Olympic Mountains and terminated about 80 km south of Seattle. Meltwater streams drained southwest to the Pacific Ocean and built broad outwash trains south of the ice margin. Reconstructed longitudinal profiles for the Puget lobe at its maximum extent are similar to the modern profile of Malaspina Glacier, Alaska, suggesting that the ice sheet may have been in a near-equilibrium state at the glacial maximum. Progressive northward retreat from the terminal zone was accompanied by the development of ice-marginal streams and proglacial lakes that drained southward during initial retreat, but northward during late Vashon time. Relatively rapid retreat of the Juan de Fuca lobe may have contributed to partial stagnation of the northwestern part of the Puget lobe. Final destruction of the Puget lobe occurred when the ice retreated north of Admiralty Inlet. The sea entered the Puget lowland at this time, allowing the deposition of glacial-marine sediments which now occur as high as 50 m altitude. These deposits, together with ice-marginal meltwater channels presumed to have formed above sea level during deglaciation, suggest that a significant amount of postglacial isostatic and(or) tectonic deformation has occurred in the Puget lowland since deglaciation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(80)90059-9","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Thorson, R., 1980, Ice-sheet glaciation of the Puget lowland, Washington, during the Vashon Stade (late Pleistocene): Quaternary Research, v. 13, no. 3, p. 303-321, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(80)90059-9.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"321","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222468,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget lowland, western Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.12087070552147,\n 48.27218726718516\n ],\n [\n -123.12087070552147,\n 47.13545914239012\n ],\n [\n -121.71374171000068,\n 47.13545914239012\n ],\n [\n -121.71374171000068,\n 48.27218726718516\n ],\n [\n -123.12087070552147,\n 48.27218726718516\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37f5e4b0c8380cd61300","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorson, R.M.","contributorId":74132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorson","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012197,"text":"70012197 - 1980 - Holocene Pacific–North American plate interaction in southern Alaska: Implications for the Yakataga seismic gap","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-01T23:05:09.464321","indexId":"70012197","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene Pacific–North American plate interaction in southern Alaska: Implications for the Yakataga seismic gap","docAbstract":"

The St. Elias, Alaska, earthquake (magnitude 7.1 Ms) on February 28, 1979, occurred along the complex Pacific–North American plate boundary between Yakutat Bay and Prince William Sound, rupturing only a fraction of the seismic gap identified in that region. To aid in evaluating the potential for, and likely site of, a future earthquake occurring in the remainder of the gap, we have formulated a kinematic model of neotectonic deformation in southern Alaska from available geologic and seismic data. In this model the part of the North American plate bordering on the Gulf of Alaska is divided into three subblocks, which are partially coupled to the Pacific plate. On the basis of the model, the gap-filling rupture or ruptures would most likely be along the north-dipping thrust faults of the Pamplona zone between Icy Bay and the eastern end of the Aleutian Trench. If the accumulated strain of 3.8 m postulated for this region were released suddenly in one event involving the remainder of the gap, the result would be an earthquake as large as magnitude 8.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<483:HPAPII>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Lahr, J., and Plafker, G., 1980, Holocene Pacific–North American plate interaction in southern Alaska: Implications for the Yakataga seismic gap: Geology, v. 8, no. 10, p. 483-486, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<483:HPAPII>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"486","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222187,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31d0e4b0c8380cd5e248","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lahr, J.C.","contributorId":34892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahr","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plafker, George 0000-0003-3972-0390","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-0390","contributorId":36603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012164,"text":"70012164 - 1980 - Faulting caused by groundwater level declines, San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-05T12:27:50","indexId":"70012164","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Faulting caused by groundwater level declines, San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"

Approximately 230 mm of aseismic vertical offset of the land surface across the Pond-Poso Creek fault in the San Joaquin Valley, California, probably is related to groundwater withdrawal for crop irrigation. The scarp is approximately 3.4 km long and occurs in an area where the land subsided more than 1.5 m from 1926 to 1970. Modern faulting postdates the beginning of water level declines and associated subsidence. Movement detected by precise leveling surveys from February 1977 to March 1979 was seasonal, occurring during periods of water level decline. Fault offset was greater in the year with the lower seasonal low water level. The modern movement probably is caused by localized differential compaction induced by differential water level declines across the preexisting fault.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR016i006p01065","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T.L., 1980, Faulting caused by groundwater level declines, San Joaquin Valley, California: Water Resources Research, v. 16, no. 6, p. 1065-1070, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR016i006p01065.","productDescription":"6p.","startPage":"1065","endPage":"1070","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Pond-Poso Creek fault, San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.134765625,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -122.87109375,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -122.58544921875,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -121.5087890625,\n 37.125286284966805\n ],\n [\n -120.32226562500001,\n 35.263561862152095\n ],\n [\n -119.13574218749999,\n 34.57895241036948\n ],\n [\n -118.5205078125,\n 35.191766965947394\n ],\n [\n -118.54248046874999,\n 36.24427318493909\n ],\n [\n -118.7841796875,\n 36.66841891894786\n ],\n [\n -119.33349609375,\n 37.26530995561875\n ],\n [\n -120.08056640625,\n 37.82280243352756\n ],\n [\n -120.95947265624999,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -121.53076171875,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -121.75048828124999,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -122.4755859375,\n 41.178653972331674\n ],\n [\n -123.134765625,\n 40.91351257612758\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f24e4b0c8380cd537c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, Thomas L. tholzer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"Thomas","email":"tholzer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":362905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012158,"text":"70012158 - 1980 - Tertiary δ18O record and glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-01T23:15:31.859678","indexId":"70012158","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tertiary δ18O record and glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations","docAbstract":"

Previous interpretation of the Tertiary δ18O record of plaiiktic and benthic foraminifers has emphasized comparison to the modern ocean, assumed an ice-free world prior to middle Miocene time, and thereby calculated surprisingly cool temperatures for the tropical sea surface. We propose an alternative interpretation, which compares Tertiary data to average late Pleistocene, assumes constant tropical sea-surface temperature, and thereby estimates global ice volume. This approach suggests that Earth has had a significant ice budget (and therefore glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations) at least since Eocene and perhaps even throughout much of Cretaceous time.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<501:TORAGS>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Matthews, R., and Poore, R., 1980, Tertiary δ18O record and glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations: Geology, v. 8, no. 10, p. 501-504, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<501:TORAGS>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"501","endPage":"504","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222643,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba572e4b08c986b320a66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matthews, R.K.","contributorId":87295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poore, R.Z.","contributorId":35314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"R.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012387,"text":"70012387 - 1980 - Heat flow and energetics of the San Andreas fault zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-16T16:35:20.182875","indexId":"70012387","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flow and energetics of the San Andreas fault zone","docAbstract":"

Approximately 100 heat flow measurements in the San Andreas fault zone indicate (1) there is no evidence for local factional heating of the main fault trace at any latitude over a 1000-km length from Cape Mendocino to San Bernardino, (2) average heat flow is high (∼2 HFU, ∼80 mW m−2) throughout the 550-km segment of the Coast Ranges that encloses the San Andreas fault zone in central California; this broad anomaly falls off rapidly toward the Great Valley to the east, and over a 200-km distance toward the Mendocino Triple Junction to the northwest. As others have pointed out, a local conductive heat flow anomaly would be detectable unless the frictional resistance allocated to heat production on the main trace were ≲100 bars. Frictional work allocated to surface energy of new fractures is probably unimportant, and hydrologic convection is not likely to invalidate the conduction assumption, since the heat discharge by thermal springs near the fault is negligible. Explanations for the low dynamic friction fall into two intergradational classes: those in which the fault is weak all of the time and those in which it is weak only during earthquakes (possibly just large ones). The first class includes faults containing anomalously weak gouge materials and faults containing materials with normal frictional properties under near-lithostatic steady state fluid pressures. In the second class, weakening is caused by the event (for example, a thermally induced increase in fluid pressure, dehydration of clay minerals, or acoustic fluidization). In this class, unlike the first, the average strength and ambient tectonic shear stress may be large, ∼1 kbar, but the stress allocated to elastic radiation (the apparent stress) must be of similar magnitude, an apparent contradiction with seismic estimates. Unless seismic radiation is underestimated for large earthquakes, it is difficult to justify average tectonic stresses on the main trace of the San Andreas fault in excess of ∼200 bars. The development of the broad Coast Range heat flow anomaly southward from Cape Mendocino suggests that heat flow increases by a factor of 2 within 4 m.y. after the passage of the Mendocino Triple Junction. This passage leaves the San Andreas transform fault zone in its wake; the depth of the anomalous sources cannot be much greater than the depth of the seismogenic layer. Some of the anomalous heat may be supplied by conduction from the warmer mantle that must occur south of the Mendocino transform (where there is no subducting slab), and some might be supplied by shear heating in the fault zone. With no contribution from shear heating, extreme mantle upwelling would be required, and asthenosphere conditions should exist today at depths of only ∼20 km in the northernmost Coast Ranges. If there is an appreciable contribution from shear heating, the heat flow constraint implies that the seismogenic layer is partially decoupled at its base and that the basal traction is in the sense that resists right lateral motion on the fault(s). As a result of these basal tractions, the average shearing stress in the seismogenic layer would increase with distance from the main fault, and the seismogenic layer would offer substantial resistance to plate motion even though resistance on the main fault might be negligible. These speculative models have testable consequences.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB085iB11p06185","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Lachenbruch, A., and Sass, J., 1980, Heat flow and energetics of the San Andreas fault zone: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 85, no. B11, p. 6185-6223, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB085iB11p06185.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"6185","endPage":"6223","numberOfPages":"39","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222413,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2ff7e4b0c8380cd5d26e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lachenbruch, A.H.","contributorId":76737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012401,"text":"70012401 - 1980 - An econometric model of the U.S. secondary copper industry: Recycling versus disposal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-22T14:53:39.082162","indexId":"70012401","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2254,"text":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An econometric model of the U.S. secondary copper industry: Recycling versus disposal","docAbstract":"

In this paper, a theoretical model of secondary recovery is developed that integrates microeconomic theories of production and cost with a dynamic model of scrap generation and accumulation. The model equations are estimated for the U.S. secondary copper industry and used to assess the impacts that various policies and future events have on copper recycling rates. The alternatives considered are: subsidies for secondary production, differing energy costs, and varying ore quality in primary production.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0095-0696(80)90014-5","issn":"00950696","usgsCitation":"Slade, M., 1980, An econometric model of the U.S. secondary copper industry: Recycling versus disposal: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, v. 7, no. 2, p. 123-141, https://doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(80)90014-5.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"141","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222593,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea2be4b0c8380cd4869c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slade, M.E.","contributorId":67659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}