A geophysical characterization of a portion of American River levees in Sacramento, California was conducted in May, 2007. Targets of interest included the distribution and thickness of sand lenses that underlie the levees and the depth to a clay unit that underlies the sand. The concern is that the erosion of these sand lenses can lead to levee failure in highly populated areas of Sacramento. DC resistivity (Geometric’s OhmMapper and Advanced Geosciences, Inc.’s SuperSting R8 systems) and electromagnetic surveys (Geophex’s GEM-2) were conducted over a 6 mile length of the levee on roads and bicycle and horse trails. 2-D inversions were conducted on all the geophysical data.
The OhmMapper and SuperSting surveys produced consistent inversion results that delineated potential sand and clay units. GEM-2 apparent resistivity data were consistent with the DC inversion results. However, the GEM-2 data could not be inverted due to low electromagnetic response levels, high ambient electromagnetic noise, and large system drifts. While this would not be as large a problem in conductive terrains, it is a problem for a small induction number electromagnetic profiling system such as the GEM-2 in a resistive terrain (the sand lenses).
An integrated interpretation of the geophysical data acquired in this investigation is presented in this report that includes delineation of those areas consisting of predominantly sand and those areas consisting predominantly of clay. In general, along most of this part of the American River levee system, sand lenses are located closest to the river and clay deposits are located further away from the river. The interpreted thicknesses of the detected sand deposits are variable and range from 10 ft up to 60 ft.
Thus, despite issues with the GEM-2 inversion, this geophysical investigation successfully delineated sand lenses and clay deposits along the American River levee system and the approximate depths to underlying clay zones. The results of this geophysical investigation should help the USACE to maintain the current levee system while also assisting the designers and planners of levee enhancements with the knowledge of what is to be expected from the near-surface geology and where zones of concern may be located.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081109","usgsCitation":"Asch, T., Deszcz-Pan, M., Burton, B., and Ball, L.B., 2008, Geophysical characterization of the American River levees, Sacramento, California, with electromagnetics, capacitively coupled resistivity, and DC resistivity (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1109, Report: 23 p.; 3 Appendices; 11 Plates: \t44.00 × 34.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081109.","productDescription":"Report: 23 p.; 3 Appendices; 11 Plates: \t44.00 × 34.00 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402128,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83432.htm"},{"id":10903,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1109/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Sacramento","otherGeospatial":"American River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.424503326416,\n 38.557294096029985\n ],\n [\n -121.3443374633789,\n 38.557294096029985\n ],\n [\n -121.3443374633789,\n 38.58252615935333\n ],\n [\n -121.424503326416,\n 38.58252615935333\n ],\n [\n -121.424503326416,\n 38.557294096029985\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c4d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asch, Theodore H.","contributorId":83617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asch","given":"Theodore H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deszcz-Pan, Maria 0000-0002-6298-5314 maryla@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-5314","contributorId":1263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deszcz-Pan","given":"Maria","email":"maryla@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burton, Bethany L. 0000-0001-5011-7862 blburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7862","contributorId":1341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Bethany L.","email":"blburton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ball, Lyndsay B. 0000-0002-6356-4693 lbball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-4693","contributorId":1138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Lyndsay","email":"lbball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":81037,"text":"ofr20071302 - 2008 - Methods for Monitoring Fish Communities of Buffalo National River and Ozark National Scenic Riverways in the Ozark Plateaus of Arkansas and Missouri: Version 1.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:45","indexId":"ofr20071302","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1302","title":"Methods for Monitoring Fish Communities of Buffalo National River and Ozark National Scenic Riverways in the Ozark Plateaus of Arkansas and Missouri: Version 1.0","docAbstract":"Buffalo National River located in north-central Arkansas, and Ozark National Scenic Riverways, located in southeastern Missouri, are the two largest units of the National Park Service in the Ozark Plateaus physiographic province. The purpose of this report is to provide a protocol that will be used by the National Park Service to sample fish communities and collect related water-quality, habitat, and stream discharge data of Buffalo National River and Ozark National Scenic Riverways to meet inventory and long-term monitoring objectives.\r\n\r\nThe protocol includes (1) a protocol narrative, (2) several standard operating procedures, and (3) supplemental information helpful for implementation of the protocol. The protocol narrative provides background information about the protocol such as the rationale of why a particular resource or resource issue was selected for monitoring, information concerning the resource or resource issue of interest, a description of how monitoring results will inform management decisions, and a discussion of the linkages between this and other monitoring projects. The standard operating procedures cover preparation, training, reach selection, water-quality sampling, fish community sampling, physical habitat collection, measuring stream discharge, equipment maintenance and storage, data management and analysis, reporting, and protocol revision procedures. Much of the information in the standard operating procedures was gathered from existing protocols of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment program or other sources. Supplemental information that would be helpful for implementing the protocol is included. This information includes information on fish species known or suspected to occur in the parks, sample sites, sample design, fish species traits, index of biotic integrity metrics, sampling equipment, and field forms.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071302","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Petersen, J., Justus, B., Dodd, H., Bowles, D., Morrison, L., Williams, M., and Rowell, G., 2008, Methods for Monitoring Fish Communities of Buffalo National River and Ozark National Scenic Riverways in the Ozark Plateaus of Arkansas and Missouri: Version 1.0 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1302, vii, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071302.","productDescription":"vii, 94 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195701,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10900,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1302/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95,35 ], [ -95,39 ], [ -90,39 ], [ -90,35 ], [ -95,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a113","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, James C. petersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"James C.","email":"petersen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Justus, B. G.","contributorId":49825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Justus","given":"B. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dodd, H.R.","contributorId":10507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowles, D.E.","contributorId":95971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowles","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morrison, L.W.","contributorId":39482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Williams, M.H.","contributorId":90842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rowell, G.A.","contributorId":16528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowell","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":81039,"text":"ofr20081113 - 2008 - Analysis of Pulsed Flow Modification Alternatives, Lower Missouri River, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-13T11:11:54","indexId":"ofr20081113","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1113","title":"Analysis of Pulsed Flow Modification Alternatives, Lower Missouri River, 2005","docAbstract":"The graphical, tabular, and statistical data presented in this report resulted from analysis of alternative flow regime designs considered by a group of Missouri River managers, stakeholders, and scientists during the summer of 2005. This plenary group was charged with designing a flow regime with increased spring flow pulses to support reproduction and survival of the endangered pallid sturgeon. Environmental flow components extracted from the reference natural flow regime were used to design and assess performance of alternative flow regimes. The analysis is based on modeled flow releases from Gavins Point Dam (near Yankton, South Dakota) for nine design alternatives and two reference scenarios; the reference scenarios are the run-of-the-river and the water-control plan implemented in 2004. The alternative designs were developed by the plenary group with the goal of providing pulsed spring flows, while retaining traditional social and economic uses of the river.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081113","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., 2008, Analysis of Pulsed Flow Modification Alternatives, Lower Missouri River, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1113, vi, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081113.","productDescription":"vi, 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20081113.jpg"},{"id":10902,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1113/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":329525,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1113/pdf/OFR-2008-1113.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115,35 ], [ -115,50 ], [ -90,50 ], [ -90,35 ], [ -115,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db680b14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81029,"text":"ofr20071354 - 2008 - PIT Tagging Anurans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-27T11:46:05.186782","indexId":"ofr20071354","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1354","title":"PIT Tagging Anurans","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey’s Leetown Science Center and the co-located U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture both depend on large volumes of cold clean ground water to support research operations at their facilities. Currently, ground-water demands are provided by three springs and two standby production wells used to augment supplies during periods of low spring flow. Future expansion of research operations at the Leetown Science Center is dependent on assessing the availability and quality of water to the facilities and in locating prospective sites for additional wells to augment existing water supplies. The hydrogeology of the Leetown area, West Virginia, is a structurally complex karst aquifer. Although the aquifer is a karst system, it is not typical of most highly cavernous karst systems, but is dominated by broad areas of fractured rock drained by a relatively small number of solution conduits. Characterization of the aquifer by use of fluorometric tracer tests, a common approach in most karst terranes, therefore only partly defines the hydrogeologic setting of the area. In order to fully assess the hydrogeology and water quality in the vicinity of Leetown, a multi-disciplinary approach that included both fractured rock and karst research components was needed.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey developed this multi-disciplinary research effort to include geologic, hydrologic, geophysical, geographic, water-quality, and microbiological investigations in order to fully characterize the hydrogeology and water quality of the Leetown area, West Virginia. Detailed geologic and karst mapping provided the framework on which hydrologic investigations were based. Fracture trace and lineament analysis helped locate potential water-bearing fractures and guided installation of monitoring wells. Monitoring wells were drilled for borehole geophysical surveys, water-quality sampling, water-level measurements, and aquifer tests to characterize the quality of water and the hydraulic properties of the aquifer. Surface geophysical surveys provided a 3-dimensional view of bedrock resistivity in order to assess geologic and lithologic controls on ground-water flow. Borehole geophysical surveys were conducted in monitoring wells to assess the storage and movement of water in subsurface fractures. Numerous single-well, multi-well, and straddle packer aquifer tests and step-drawdown tests were conducted to define the hydraulic properties of the aquifer and to assess the role of bedrock fractures and solution conduits in the flow of ground water. Water samples collected from wells and springs were analyzed to assess the current quality of ground water and provide a baseline for future assessment. Microbiological sampling of wells for indicator bacteria and human and animal DNA provided an analysis of agricultural and suburban development impacts on ground-water quality. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data were analyzed to develop digital elevation models (DEMs) for assessing sinkhole distribution, to provide elevation data for development of a ground-water flow model, and to assess the distribution of major fractures and faults in the Leetown area.
\nThe flow of ground water in the study area is controlled by lithology and geologic structure. Bedrock, especially low permeability units such as the shale Martinsburg Formation and the Conococheague Limestone, act as barriers to water flowing down gradient and across bedding. This retardation of cross-strike flow is especially pronounced in the Leetown area, where bedding typically dips at steep angles. Highly permeable fault and fracture zones that disrupt the rocks in cross-strike directions provide avenues through which ground water can flow laterally across or through strata of low primary permeability. Significant strike parallel thrust faults and cross-strike faults typically coincide with larger solution conduits and act as drains for the more pervasive network of interconnected diffuse fractures.
\nResults of borehole geophysical surveys indicate that although numerous fractures may intersect a borehole, only one or two of the fractures typically transmit most of the water to a well. The diffuse-flow dominated network of fractures that provides the majority of storage occupies only a small proportion of the total aquifer volume but constitutes the majority of porosity within the aquifer. Solution conduits, while occupying a relatively small volume of the overall aquifer, are especially important because they serve as primary drains for the ground-water flow system. Surface resistivity maps and cross-sectionsshow anomalous areas of low resistivities coincident with the prevailing geologic strike at N. 20º E., with major cross-strike faults, and with major springs in the region.
\nTransmissivity derived from straddle packer tests was highly variable, and ranged over three orders of magnitude (1.8 x 10-6 to 5.9 x 10-3 ft2/d) in diffuse-flow fractures. A similar large variability in transmissivity was documented by single- and multi-well aquifer tests conducted in conduit-flow dominated portions of the aquifer (2.0 x 103 to 1.4 x 104 ft2/d) in lowland areas immediately adjacent to the Leetown Science Center.
\nA stream-gaging station installed on Hopewell Run near the point where the stream exits the Leetown watershed indicates average daily streamflow for the Hopewell Run of approximately 11.2 ft3/s, and ranged from a minimum of 1.80 ft3/s on September 28, 2005, to a maximum of 73.0 ft3/s on December 11, 2003. Base-flow (ground-water) discharge surveys identified numerous small seeps adjacent to streams in the area. Hydrographs of the stage of Balch Spring show rapid response to individual storms. Strong correlation of the flow of Hopewell Run and Balch Spring indicates the nearby losing stream reach is partly responsible for higher fluctuations in the stage of Balch Spring. A water budget for the study period (2003-2005), based on measured precipitation and hydrograph analyses, is expressed as Precipitation (38.60 in/yr) = Surface Runoff (1.36 in/yr) + Ground-Water Discharge (17.73 in/yr) + Evapotranspiration (24.23 in/yr) – Change in storage (4.72 in/yr).
\nFlow of ground water through the epikarst, a shallow zone of intensely weathered rock and regolith, can be rapid (on the order of days or weeks) as flow is concentrated in solution conduits. Flow within the intermediate and deeper zones is typically much slower. Eight dye-tracer tests conducted in the Leetown area found ground-water flow patterns to be divergent, with velocities ranging from about 12.5 to 610 ft/day and a median velocity of 50 ft/day. Estimates of ground-water age in carbonate rocks in the region are on the order of 15 years in the shallower portions of the aquifer to 50 years or older for deeper portions of the aquifer. Shallow springs can have a significant component of fairly young water (< 5 years in age).
\nGround-water samples collected from 16 sites (12 wells and 4 springs) in the Leetown area were analyzed for more than 340 constituents. Only turbidity, indicator bacteria, and radon were typically present in concentrations exceeding U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) drinking-water or aquatic life standards.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071358","usgsCitation":"Kozar, M.D., McCoy, K.J., Weary, D.J., Field, M.S., Pierce, H., Schill, W.B., and Young, J.A., 2008, Hydrogeology and water quality of the Leetown area, West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1358, Report: ix, 100 p.; 6 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071358.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 100 p.; 6 Appendices","numberOfPages":"212","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071358.PNG"},{"id":10858,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1358/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":294103,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1358/pdf/ofr2007-1358.all.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","city":"Leetown","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.0,39.3 ], [ -78.0,39.366667 ], [ -77.9,39.366667 ], [ -77.9,39.3 ], [ -78.0,39.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeae1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kozar, Mark D. 0000-0001-7755-7657 mdkozar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7755-7657","contributorId":1963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozar","given":"Mark","email":"mdkozar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, Kurt J. 0000-0002-9756-8238 kjmccoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-8238","contributorId":1391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Kurt","email":"kjmccoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weary, David J. 0000-0002-6115-6397 dweary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-6397","contributorId":545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"David","email":"dweary@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Field, Malcolm S.","contributorId":89243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Malcolm","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pierce, Herbert A.","contributorId":83093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Herbert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schill, William Bane","contributorId":95970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Bane","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Young, John A. 0000-0002-4500-3673 jyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-3673","contributorId":3777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"John","email":"jyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":80995,"text":"ofr20071383 - 2008 - Head Observation Organizer (HObO)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:30","indexId":"ofr20071383","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1383","title":"Head Observation Organizer (HObO)","docAbstract":"The Head Observation Organizer, HObO, is a computer program that stores and manages measured ground-water levels. HObO was developed to help ground-water modelers compile, manage, and document water-level data needed to calibrate ground-water models. Well-construction and water-level data from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Database (NWIS) easily can be imported into HObO from the NWIS web site (NWISWeb). The water-level data can be flagged to determine which data will be included in the calibration data set. The utility program HObO_NWISWeb was developed to simplify the down loading of well and water-level data from NWISWeb. An ArcGIS NWISWeb Extension was developed to retrieve site information from NWISWeb. A tutorial is presented showing the basic elements of HObO.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071383","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, \r\nNational Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office under Interagency Agreement, DE-A152-07NA28100","usgsCitation":"Predmore, S., 2008, Head Observation Organizer (HObO): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1383, Report: v, 68 p.; Installer; Extension, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071383.","productDescription":"Report: v, 68 p.; Installer; Extension","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10857,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1383/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d401","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Predmore, Steven","contributorId":105004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Predmore","given":"Steven","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80991,"text":"ofr20081005 - 2008 - Geomorphic map of Worcester County, Maryland, interpreted from a LIDAR-based, digital elevation model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-07T19:24:37.232653","indexId":"ofr20081005","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1005","title":"Geomorphic map of Worcester County, Maryland, interpreted from a LIDAR-based, digital elevation model","docAbstract":"A recently compiled mosaic of a LIDAR-based digital elevation model (DEM) is presented with geomorphic analysis of new macro-topographic details. The geologic framework of the surficial and near surface late Cenozoic deposits of the central uplands, Pocomoke River valley, and the Atlantic Coast includes Cenozoic to recent sediments from fluvial, estuarine, and littoral depositional environments. Extensive Pleistocene (cold climate) sandy dune fields are deposited over much of the terraced landscape. The macro details from the LIDAR image reveal 2 meter-scale resolution of details of the shapes of individual dunes, and fields of translocated sand sheets. Most terrace surfaces are overprinted with circular to elliptical rimmed basins that represent complex histories of ephemeral ponds that were formed, drained, and overprinted by younger basins. The terrains of composite ephemeral ponds and the dune fields are inter-shingled at their margins indicating contemporaneous erosion, deposition, and re-arrangement and possible internal deformation of the surficial deposits. The aggregate of these landform details and their deposits are interpreted as the products of arid, cold climate processes that were common to the mid-Atlantic region during the Last Glacial Maximum.
In the Pocomoke valley and its larger tributaries, erosional remnants of sandy flood plains with anastomosing channels indicate the dynamics of former hydrology and sediment load of the watershed that prevailed at the end of the Pleistocene. As the climate warmed and precipitation increased during the transition from late Pleistocene to Holocene, dune fields were stabilized by vegetation, and the stream discharge increased. The increased discharge and greater local relief of streams graded to lower sea levels stimulated down cutting and created the deeply incised valleys out onto the continental shelf. These incised valleys have been filling with fluvial to intertidal deposits that record the rising sea level and warmer, more humid climate in the mid-Atlantic region throughout the Holocene. Thus, the geomorphic details provided by the new LIDAR DEM actually record the response of the landscape to abrupt climate change.
Holocene trends and land-use patterns from Colonial to modern times can also be interpreted from the local macro- scale details of the landscape. Beyond the obvious utility of these data for land-use planning and assessments of resources and hazards, the new map presents new details on the impact of climate changes on a mid-latitude, outer Coastal plain landscape.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081005","usgsCitation":"Newell, W., and Clark, I.E., 2008, Geomorphic map of Worcester County, Maryland, interpreted from a LIDAR-based, digital elevation model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1005, Report: 34 p.; 2 Plates: 44.00 × 37.00 inches and 60.00 × 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081005.","productDescription":"Report: 34 p.; 2 Plates: 44.00 × 37.00 inches and 60.00 × 36.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10853,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1005/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403214,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83375.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Worcester County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.65048217773438,\n 38.01239425385966\n ],\n [\n -75.146484375,\n 38.01239425385966\n ],\n [\n -75.146484375,\n 38.28023506734758\n ],\n [\n -75.65048217773438,\n 38.28023506734758\n ],\n [\n -75.65048217773438,\n 38.01239425385966\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c558","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newell, Wayne L.","contributorId":48538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"Wayne L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Inga E. 0000-0003-0084-0256 iclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-0256","contributorId":3256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Inga","email":"iclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":80992,"text":"ofr20081088 - 2008 - Interior River Lowland Ecoregion Summary Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:42","indexId":"ofr20081088","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1088","title":"Interior River Lowland Ecoregion Summary Report","docAbstract":"ECOREGION DESCRIPTION\r\n\r\nThe Interior River Lowlands ecoregion encompasses 93,200 square kilometers (km2) across southern and western Illinois, southwest Indiana, east-central Missouri, and fractions of northwest Kentucky and southeast Iowa. The ecoregion includes the confluence areas of the Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Illinois, and Wabash Rivers, and their tributaries.\r\n\r\nThis ecoregion was formed in non-resident, non-calcareous sedimentary rock (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2006). The unstratified soil deposits present north of the White River in Indiana are evidence that pre-Wisconsinan ice once covered much of the Interior River Lowlands. The geomorphic characteristics of this area also include terraced valleys filled with alluvium as well as outwash, acolian, and lacustrine deposits.\r\n\r\nHistorically, agricultural land use has been a vital economic resource for this region. The drained alluvial soils are farmed for feed grains and soybeans, whereas the valley uplands also are used for forage crops, pasture, woodlots, mixed farming, and livestock (USEPA, 2006). This ecoregion provides a key component of national energy resources as it contains the second largest coal reserve in the United States, and the largest reserve of bituminous coal (Varanka and Shaver, 2007). One of the primary reasons for change in the ecoregion is urbanization.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081088","usgsCitation":"Karstensen, K.A., 2008, Interior River Lowland Ecoregion Summary Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1088, iv, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081088.","productDescription":"iv, 6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":383,"text":"Mid-Continent Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194912,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10854,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1088/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.5,36 ], [ -92.5,42.5 ], [ -85.5,42.5 ], [ -85.5,36 ], [ -92.5,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e06e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karstensen, Krista A. kkarstensen@usgs.gov","contributorId":286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karstensen","given":"Krista","email":"kkarstensen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80989,"text":"ofr20071356 - 2008 - Near-shore and off-shore habitat use by endangered juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2006 data summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T15:54:52","indexId":"ofr20071356","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1356","title":"Near-shore and off-shore habitat use by endangered juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2006 data summary","docAbstract":"Lost River suckers Deltistes luxatus and shortnose suckers Chasmistes brevirostris , listed as endangered in 1988 under the Endangered Species Act, have shown infrequent recruitment into adult populations in Upper Klamath Lake (NRC 2004). In an effort to understand the causes behind and provide management solutions to apparent recruitment failure, a number of studies have been conducted including several on larval and juvenile sucker habitat use. Near-shore areas in Upper Klamath Lake with emergent vegetation, especially those near the mouth of the Williamson River, were identified as important habitat for larval suckers (Cooperman and Markle 2000; Reiser et al. 2001). Terwilliger et al. (2004) characterized primary age-0 sucker habitat as near-shore areas in the southern portion of Upper Klamath Lake with gravel and cobble substrates. Reiser et al. (2001) provided some evidence that juvenile suckers use habitats with emergent vegetation, but nothing concerning the extent or timing of use.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began investigating the importance of near-shore and off-shore habitats with and without emergent vegetation for juvenile suckers in 2000. We found substantial numbers of juvenile suckers using these habitats near the mouth of the Williamson River into late August (VanderKooi and Buelow 2003). The distribution and relative abundance of juvenile suckers showed high spatial variability throughout the summer for all species combined, Lost River suckers, and shortnose suckers (VanderKooi et al. 2006; Hendrixson et al. 2007a). Results from sampling near-shore areas in 2002 suggested juvenile sucker proximity to shoreline changes depending on the presence or absence of shoreline vegetation (VanderKooi et al. 2006), whereas in 2004 and 2005 results were equivocal (Hendrixson et al. 2007a, 2007b).
\nResearch by USGS of juvenile suckers in Upper Klamath Lake conducted since 2000 provides a valuable long-term data set which can be used to evaluate multi-year trends in juvenile sucker relative abundance and habitat use. Data on the relative abundance of juvenile suckers and their habitat use patterns will provide valuable information to guide restoration and management decisions in the Upper Klamath Basin. Information on juvenile sucker catch rates may also be valuable for evaluating year class success, estimating early life stage survival rates, and predicting upper bounds of future recruitment to adult spawning populations.
\nWe continued sampling juvenile suckers in 2006 as part of an effort to develop bioenergetics models for juvenile Lost River and shortnose suckers. This study required us to collect fish to determine growth rates and energy content of juvenile suckers. We followed the sampling protocols and methods described by Hendrixson et al. (2007b) to maintain continuity and facilitate comparisons with data collected in recent years, but sampled at a reduced level of effort compared to previous years (approximately one-third) due to limited funding. Here we present a summary of catch data collected in 2006. Bioenergetics models will be reported separately
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071356","usgsCitation":"Burdick, S.M., Wilkens, A.X., and VanderKooi, S., 2008, Near-shore and off-shore habitat use by endangered juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2006 data summary: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1356, v, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071356.","productDescription":"v, 30 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071356.PNG"},{"id":326418,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1356/pdf/ofr20071356.pdf","size":"297 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":10851,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1356/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.13363647460938,\n 42.18375873465217\n ],\n [\n -122.13363647460938,\n 42.59151063198147\n ],\n [\n -121.74362182617188,\n 42.59151063198147\n ],\n [\n -121.74362182617188,\n 42.18375873465217\n ],\n [\n -122.13363647460938,\n 42.18375873465217\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db67201c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilkens, Alexander X.","contributorId":62688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkens","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"VanderKooi, Scott P.","contributorId":106584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanderKooi","given":"Scott P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":80984,"text":"ofr20081009 - 2008 - Geologic and Geophysical Framework of the Santa Rosa 7.5' Quadrangle, Sonoma County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:51","indexId":"ofr20081009","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1009","title":"Geologic and Geophysical Framework of the Santa Rosa 7.5' Quadrangle, Sonoma County, California","docAbstract":"The geologic and geophysical maps of Santa Rosa 7.5? quadrangle and accompanying structure sections portray the sedimentary and volcanic stratigraphy and crustal structure of the Santa Rosa 7.5? quadrangle and provide a context for interpreting the evolution of volcanism and active faulting in this region. The quadrangle is located in the California Coast Ranges north of San Francisco Bay and is traversed by the active Rodgers Creek, Healdsburg and Maacama Fault Zones. The geologic and geophysical data presented in this report, are substantial improvements over previous geologic and geophysical maps of the Santa Rosa area, allowing us to address important geologic issues. First, the geologic mapping is integrated with gravity and magnetic data, allowing us to depict the thicknesses of Cenozoic deposits, the depth and configuration of the Mesozoic basement surface, and the geometry of fault structures beneath this region to depths of several kilometers. This information has important implications for constraining the geometries of major active faults and for understanding and predicting the distribution and intensity of damage from ground shaking during earthquakes. Secondly, the geologic map and the accompanying description of the area describe in detail the distribution, geometry and complexity of faulting associated with the Rodgers Creek, Healdsburg and Bennett Valley Fault Zones and associated faults in the Santa Rosa quadrangle. The timing of fault movements is constrained by new 40Ar/39Ar ages and tephrochronologic correlations. These new data provide a better understanding of the stratigraphy of the extensive sedimentary and volcanic cover in the area and, in particular, clarify the formational affinities of Pliocene and Pleistocene nonmarine sedimentary units in the map area. Thirdly, the geophysics, particularly gravity data, indicate the locations of thick sections of sedimentary and volcanic fill within ground water basins of the Santa Rosa plain and Rincon, Bennett, and northwestern Sonoma Valleys, providing geohydrologists a more realistic framework for groundwater flow models.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081009","usgsCitation":"McLaughlin, R.J., Langenheim, V., Sarna-Wojcicki, A., Fleck, R., McPhee, D., Roberts, C.W., McCabe, C., and Wan, E., 2008, Geologic and Geophysical Framework of the Santa Rosa 7.5' Quadrangle, Sonoma County, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1009, Report: iv, 51 p.; 3 Sheets: each 54 x 36 inches; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081009.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 51 p.; 3 Sheets: each 54 x 36 inches; Data Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10845,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1009/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.75,38.25 ], [ -122.75,38.5 ], [ -122.5,38.5 ], [ -122.5,38.25 ], [ -122.75,38.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a639d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaughlin, R. 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W.","contributorId":61816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCabe, C.A.","contributorId":88037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wan, Elmira 0000-0002-9255-112X ewan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-112X","contributorId":3434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wan","given":"Elmira","email":"ewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":80985,"text":"ofr20081094 - 2008 - Chemical Analyses of Pre-Holocene Rocks from Medicine Lake Volcano and Vicinity, Northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T10:52:35","indexId":"ofr20081094","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1094","title":"Chemical Analyses of Pre-Holocene Rocks from Medicine Lake Volcano and Vicinity, Northern California","docAbstract":"Chemical analyses are presented in an accompanying table (Table 1) for more than 600 pre-Holocene rocks collected at and near Medicine Lake Volcano, northern California. The data include major-element X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses for all of the rocks plus XRF trace element data for most samples, and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) trace element data for many samples. In addition, a limited number of analyses of Na2O and K2O by flame photometry (FP) are included as well assome wet chemical analyses of FeO, H2O+/-, and CO2. Latitude and longitude location information is provided for all samples. This data set is intended to accompany the geologic map of Medicine Lake Volcano (Donnelly-Nolan, in press); map unit designations are given for each sample collected from the map area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081094","usgsCitation":"Donnelly-Nolan, J.M., 2008, Chemical Analyses of Pre-Holocene Rocks from Medicine Lake Volcano and Vicinity, Northern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1094, Report: 9 p.; Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081094.","productDescription":"Report: 9 p.; Data","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195105,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10847,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1094/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123,41.11666666666667 ], [ -123,42 ], [ -121.11749999999999,42 ], [ -121.11749999999999,41.11666666666667 ], [ -123,41.11666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ae82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donnelly-Nolan, Julie M. 0000-0001-8714-9606 jdnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8714-9606","contributorId":3271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnelly-Nolan","given":"Julie","email":"jdnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}