Two hundred twenty-four kilometers of closely spaced side-scan sonograph data have been collected from eastern Rhode Island Sound and Vineyard Sound, Mass., by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the New England Division of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. These data were obtained during the August 1976 cruise of the B./V A. E. VERRILL as part of a continuing regional study of the Massachusetts offshore area to determine the suitability and potential environmental effect of ocean dumping of large volumes of harbor dredge-spoil material.
Specifically, as part of a proposed Federal Harbor improvement and maintenance dredging of Fall River and Mt. Hope Bay, Mass. under the jurisdiction of the Army Corps of Engineers, the disposal of the resultant dredge spoil is planned for an ocean dump site located in eastern Rhode Island Sound. The proposed site is also under consideration as a \"regional\" disposal grounds to be utilized by State and private organizations performing dredging work authorized by the Corps.
The data were obtained by using a Klein Side Scan Towfish* (sonar frequency, 100 kHz; pulse length, 0.1 msec). Signal returns from the starboard and port scans were automatically tuned, texture-enhanced, and printed centerout on 2 channels of a 3-channel Klein* wet-paper graphic recorder. Scan ranges of 75 m and 150 m were used. For comparison of graphic display, incoming signals from the starboard scan were also recorded on the third channel using a manual (nonautomatic) tuning mode. Navigational control was provided by Loran -C (positional accuracy within 0.2 km). Positional information was logged at 15-minute intervals and at major course changes.
The original records may be examined at the Data Library, U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543. Microfilm copies of the data are available for purchase from the National Geophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data Center (NGSDC), Boulder, CO 80302.
","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr80283","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New England Division of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"O’Hara, C.J., 1980, Side-scan sonograph data from eastern Rhode Island Sound and Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-283, 3 p., [1] leaf of plates :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80283.","productDescription":"3 p., [1] leaf of plates :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr80283.PNG"},{"id":259868,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0283/ofr1980283.pdf","text":"Report","size":"110 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 1980-283"}],"contact":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program
U.S. Geological Survey
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543
A subdivision developer encountered water while digging trenches associated with developing property at Spring Acres Subdivision, Anchorage, Alaska, during the summer of 1975. He reported encountering water at a depth of about 8 feet in June 1975 and also reported a rise in water level to approximately land surface by early August. Neither incident was expected by the developer. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Municipality of Anchorage, had conducted an artificial-recharge experiment approximately 9,000 feet northeast of Spring Acres Subdivision from May 20 through September 19, 1975. Recharge experiments were also conducted in 1971, 1973, and 1974. The proximity of the 1975 recharge experiment to the subdivision caused speculation on the possible connection between the experiment and the water problems encountered by the developer.
The effect of the artificial-recharge experiments on water levels at Spring Acres Subdivision was evaluated by using two digital-computer models constructed to simulate the water-level rises induced by the artificial recharge. The models predicted that the artificial recharge would have caused water levels in the aquifer immediately underlying Spring Acres Subdivision to rise approximately 0.2 foot from May 20 to August 7, 1975. The models also predicted a total rise in ground-water levels of 1.1 feet at this location from July 16, 1973, to August 7, 1975, as a result of the artificial-recharge experiments.
Water-level data collected for auger holes in March 1975 by a consulting firm for the contractor indicated a depth to water of 6 to 7 feet below land surface at Spring Acres Subdivision at this time. Water levels measured in and near Spring Acres Subdivision several years before and after the 1973-75 artificial-recharge experiments showed seasonal rises of 2 to 12.4 feet. A depth to water below land surface of 2.6 feet was measured 600 feet from the subdivision in 1971 and in the subdivision in 1977. Average depth to water in the area was 7.0 feet from early 1976 to September 1979.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr801284","usgsCitation":"Meyer, W., and Patrick, L., 1980, Effects of artificial-recharge experiments at Ship Creek alluvial fan on water levels at Spring Acres Subdivision, Anchorage, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1284, iv, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801284.","productDescription":"iv, 42 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":418824,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1284/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":173158,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1284/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Anchorage","otherGeospatial":"Spring Acres Subdivision","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150.4755123927178,\n 61.368427103919885\n ],\n [\n -150.4755123927178,\n 60.992578931987026\n ],\n [\n -149.30047943452033,\n 60.992578931987026\n ],\n [\n -149.30047943452033,\n 61.368427103919885\n ],\n [\n -150.4755123927178,\n 61.368427103919885\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db62498d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, William","contributorId":87538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patrick, Leslie","contributorId":36136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patrick","given":"Leslie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":48632,"text":"ofr802044 - 1980 - Geohydrology of the Keechi, Mount Sylvan, Oakwood, and Palestine salt domes in the northeast Texas salt-dome basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-09T13:17:35","indexId":"ofr802044","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-2044","title":"Geohydrology of the Keechi, Mount Sylvan, Oakwood, and Palestine salt domes in the northeast Texas salt-dome basin","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of Energy is considering the feasibility of using salt domes in the northeast Texas salt-dome basin as repositories for radioactive wastes that may require complete confinement for as much as 250,000 years. Four of fourteen known shallow piercement salt domes within the basin--Keechi, Mount Sylvan, Oakwood, and Palestine Salt Domes—have been selected as candidate domes for further study and possible selection as storage sites.
\nThe salt within these domes has penetrated as much as 20,000 feet of Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata, and presently .extends to within 120 to 800 feet of the land surface. The salt penetrates or closely underlies major freshwater and salinewater aquifers within the basin. To provide a safe repository for radioactive wastes within one or more of these domes, a thorough understanding of the geohydrology needs to be obtained, and the hydrologic stability of the domes needs to be established for the expected life of the storage facility.
\nDissolution may exist at all four candidate salt domes, possibly through contact with Cretaceous or Tertiary aquifers, or through fault systems in the vicinity of the domes. Strata overlying and surrounding Palestine and Keechi Salt Domes have been arched into steeply-dipping folds that are complexly faulted. Similar conditions exist at Oakwood and Mount Sylvan Domes, except that the Tertiary strata have been only moderately disturbed.
\nCap rock, which is generally accepted to be an indication of salt dissolution, is present in varying amounts over all four domes. Salinewater has been reported at the surface at all candidate domes except Oakwood, but only two water wells near the domes yield water containing possible anomalous concentrations of dissolved chloride--one at Keechi and one at Oakwood. Possible subsurface plumes of salinewater, which are indications of instability, exist at all four domes.
\nAdditional problems concerning the hydrologic stability of Oakwood and Palestine Salt Domes have resulted from the disposal of oil-field salinewater in the cap rock at the Oakwood Dome and previous solution mining of salt at the Palestine Dome Additional investigations are needed to determine if a selected dome is hydrologically stable. Needed investigations include: (1) A more complete comparative analysis of the regional and local geohydrologic system; (2) a site-specific drilling and sampling program to analyze the cap rock-aquifer boundary, sediment distribution, hydraulic-parameter variations, hydraulic-head relationships, and hydrochemical patterns; and (3) mass-transport computer modeling of ground-water flow at the domes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr802044","usgsCitation":"Carr, J.E., Halasz, S.J., and Peters, H.B., 1980, Geohydrology of the Keechi, Mount Sylvan, Oakwood, and Palestine salt domes in the northeast Texas salt-dome basin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-2044, Report: iv, 39 p.; 17 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr802044.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 39 p.; 17 Plates","numberOfPages":"43","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":171965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":85455,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85456,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85457,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-14.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85458,"rank":414,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-15.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85459,"rank":415,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-16.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85461,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85444,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85445,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85446,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85460,"rank":416,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-17.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85447,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85448,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85449,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85450,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85451,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85452,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85453,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85454,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2044/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8944","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, Jerry E.","contributorId":47758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halasz, Stephen J.","contributorId":24015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halasz","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, Henry B.","contributorId":72854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":17489,"text":"ofr80435 - 1980 - Planning and design of studies for river-quality assessment in the Truckee and Carson River basins, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-28T15:39:31","indexId":"ofr80435","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-435","title":"Planning and design of studies for river-quality assessment in the Truckee and Carson River basins, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"The objectives of the Geological Survey 's river-quality assessment in the Truckee and Carson River basins in California and Nevada are to identify the significant resource management problems; to develop techniques to assess the problems; and to effectively communicate results to responsible managers. Six major elements of the assessment to be completed by October 1981 are (1) a detailing of the legal, institutional, and structural development of water resources in the basins and the current problems and conflicts; (2) a compilation and synthesis of the physical hydrology of the basins; (3) development of a special workshop approach to involve local management in the direction and results of the study; (4) development of a comprehensive streamflow model emcompassing both basins to provide a quantitative hydrologic framework for water-quality analysis; (5) development of a water-quality transport model for selected constituents and characteristics on selected reaches of the Truckee River; and (6) a detailed examination of selected fish habitats for specified reaches of the Truckee River. Progress will be periodically reported in reports, maps, computer data files, mathematical models, a bibliography, and public presentations. In building a basic framework to develop techniques, the basins were viewed as a single hydrologic unit because of interconnecting diversion structures. The framework comprises 13 hydrographic subunits to facilitate modeling and sampling. Several significant issues beyond the scope of the assessment were considered as supplementary proposals; water-quality loadings in Truckee and Carson Rivers, urban runoff in Reno and management alternatives, and a model of limnological processes in Lahontan Reservoir. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr80435","usgsCitation":"Nowlin, J.O., Brown, W., Smith, L.H., and Hoffman, R., 1980, Planning and design of studies for river-quality assessment in the Truckee and Carson River basins, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-435, vii, 81 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80435.","productDescription":"vii, 81 p. 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683fe2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowlin, Jon O.","contributorId":34937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowlin","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, W. M.","contributorId":106138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"W. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, L. H.","contributorId":59447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoffman, R.J.","contributorId":38582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":26890,"text":"wri8091 - 1980 - Geohydrology and model analysis for water-supply management in a small area of west-central Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-09T13:51:42","indexId":"wri8091","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-91","title":"Geohydrology and model analysis for water-supply management in a small area of west-central Kansas","docAbstract":"The Ogallala Formation in the intensive-study area, an area of 12 square miles in northeastern Wichita County, west-central Kansas, has had a substantial decrease in saturated thickness since the development of irrigation. The annual water-level decline during 1950-78 ranged from 1.08 to 2.22 feet per year.
The hydrologic system was investigated to study methods of conserving the remaining ground water in the intensive-study area. During 1977-78, the average annual ground-water withdrawal was 7,400 acre-feet, and the water-level decline ranged from 0.91 to 5.05 feet. The saturated thickness in 1977 ranged from about 40 to 80 feet, and aquifer storage was about 61,000 acre-feet. Natural recharge is estimated to be 0.28 inch per year.
Projections from a digital ground-water flow model were used to indicate the additional water-level decline that might occur from 1978 to 1988 if pumpages in the 480-square-mile model area were one-half, equal to, or double the 1977 pumpage rate. The additional water-level declines in the intensive-study area would range from 5 to 15 feet if pumpages were one-half, 15 to 30 feet if pumpages were equal to, and 25 to 40 feet if pumpages were double the 1977 rate. Projections also were used to indicate the water-level declines if pumpages in the model area were equal to the 1977 rate and if pumpages in the intensive-study area were one-half or double the 1977 rate. Additional water-level declines in the intensive-study area would range from 10 to 20 feet if pumpages were one-half and from 20 to 25 feet if pumpages were doubled. Decreased pumpage in the area could reduce the water-level declines, but continued pumpage in adjacent areas would cause declines to be greater near the edge than near the center.
The digital model was more sensitive to changes in pumpage than to changes in hydraulic conductivity, specific yield, and recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8091","usgsCitation":"Dunlap, L.E., Kume, J., and Thomas, J.G., 1980, Geohydrology and model analysis for water-supply management in a small area of west-central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-91, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8091.","productDescription":"59 p.","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0091/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":350407,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0091/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-101.485,38.7002],[-101.1293,38.7001],[-101.1254,38.264],[-101.5405,38.2631],[-101.5669,38.2633],[-101.5694,38.7004],[-101.485,38.7002]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Wichita\",\"state\":\"KS\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8d01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunlap, Lloyd E.","contributorId":92261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunlap","given":"Lloyd","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kume, Jack","contributorId":100843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kume","given":"Jack","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, James G.","contributorId":75573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":10688,"text":"ofr8073 - 1980 - A one-dimensional, steady-state, dissolved-oxygen model and waste-load assimilation study for Little Lick and Big Lick Creeks, Blackford and Delaware counties, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-06T17:48:51.326652","indexId":"ofr8073","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-73","title":"A one-dimensional, steady-state, dissolved-oxygen model and waste-load assimilation study for Little Lick and Big Lick Creeks, Blackford and Delaware counties, Indiana","docAbstract":"The Indiana State Board of Health is developing a State water-quality management plan that includes establishing limits for liquid wastes discharged into Indiana streams. A digital computer model was used to predict alternatives for future waste loadings on Little Lick and Big Lick Creeks that would be compatible with Indiana stream water-quality standards defined for two critical hydrologic conditions, summer and winter low flows.
The model parameters included atmospheric reaeration, carbonaceous and nitrogenous biochemical-oxygen demand, and benthic-oxygen demand. The model was calibrated with data collected during three water-quality surveys at low flow. Verification of the model was not possible owing to varied effluent discharge during sampling. During these surveys, in-stream dissolved-oxygen concentration averaged less than 3 milligrams per liter, well below the State minimum requirement of 5.0 milligrams per liter. The model indicated that these low concentrations were caused by high waste loadings, lack of dilution, low reaeration, and benthic-oxygen demand.
The hypothetical summer waste-assimilation study assumed that future reductions in discharge Loadings would decrease carbonaceous and benthic decay and increase nitrogenous decay. This hypothetical study indicated that projected effluent waste loads that would provide acceptable in-stream dis-solved-oxygen concentrations are highly dependent on rates of nitrification. Ammonia toxicity became the limiting water-quality criterion at low nitrification rates.
The hypothetical winter waste-assimilation study indicated that projected dissolved-oxygen concentrations in Little Lick and Big Lick Creeks did not fall below the State standard. Owing to a lack of dilution, however, ammonia-nitrogen concentrations would violate in-stream toxicity standards in both Little Lick and Big Lick Creeks. In order to quantify the results of the waste-assimilation study, it would be necessary to collect additional stream data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8073","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana State Board of Health","usgsCitation":"Peters, J.G., Crawford, C.G., and Wilber, W.G., 1980, A one-dimensional, steady-state, dissolved-oxygen model and waste-load assimilation study for Little Lick and Big Lick Creeks, Blackford and Delaware counties, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-73, ix, 102 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8073.","productDescription":"ix, 102 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":144253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":398235,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Blackford County, Delaware County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.4453,40.567],[-85.3327,40.5674],[-85.2208,40.5677],[-85.2008,40.5679],[-85.2012,40.4804],[-85.2066,40.4804],[-85.2073,40.3789],[-85.2091,40.3793],[-85.2205,40.379],[-85.2182,40.3073],[-85.2168,40.2198],[-85.2165,40.135],[-85.2157,40.0765],[-85.5763,40.0769],[-85.5784,40.3794],[-85.4451,40.3792],[-85.4448,40.3933],[-85.4454,40.4799],[-85.4453,40.567]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Blackford\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6ab901","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, James G.","contributorId":69137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crawford, Charles G. 0000-0003-1653-7841 cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-7841","contributorId":1064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Charles","email":"cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":161802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilber, William G. wgwilber@usgs.gov","contributorId":297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilber","given":"William","email":"wgwilber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":161801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28082,"text":"wri80100 - 1980 - Appraisal of the water resources of the Big Sioux aquifer, Brookings, Deuel, and Hamlin counties, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-30T14:30:10.683461","indexId":"wri80100","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-100","title":"Appraisal of the water resources of the Big Sioux aquifer, Brookings, Deuel, and Hamlin counties, South Dakota","docAbstract":"The Big Sioux aquifer in Brookings, Deuel, and Hamlin Counties, South Dakota, has been extensively developed and in some areas discharge, principally by wells, from the aquifer may be exceeding recharge to the aquifer.
A finite-difference method digital model was used to simulate steady-state conditions of the Big Sioux aquifer. Average annual water levels in the Big Sioux aquifer and base flow discharge of the Big Sioux River near Brookings for 1970 through 1976 were used in the model. The model-computed water levels were within a few feet of the actual annual average water levels and the computed annual average base flow was 66 cubic feet per second compared to the actual base flow of 58 cubic feet per second.
The computer model was used to model transient conditions by simulating water levels and base flow from April through August 1976 and comparing the results with actual data. Evapotranspiration and pumpage changes were made for each month. There was no recharge from precipitation during the test period.
Several different computer simulations were made using different estimates of hydrologic parameters and conditions. Specific yield was increased from 10 to 15 percent which resulted in a much greater base flow for each month. Effective depth of evapotranspiration was changed from 5 to 10 feet which resulted in a very large decrease in base flow. A computer simulation made without irrigation pumpage resulted in an increase in the base flow from 0.66 to 9 cubic feet per second for August 1976 in the Big Sioux River near Brookings. The actual base flow for August 1976 was .01 cubic foot per second.
A water budget showed 22.2 inches of precipitation (average annual), 0.65 inch of surface runoff, 1.06 inches of ground-water outflow (base flow to river, 1970-76), and 20.49 inches of evapotranspiration.
The water from the Big Sioux aquifer is a calcium bicarbonate type and specific conductance ranged from 407 to 1,790 micromhos per centimeter at 25°C. The water is generally very hard, having a mean of 454 milligrams per liter of hardness.
A model simulation using all the pumpage that would be allowed by irrigation permits approved as of February 1979 simulated the withdrawal of 43,900 acre-feet of water for about 4 months during which time there was no recharge from precipitation. If there had been no pumping for that period, evapotranspiration would have been 7,800 acre-feet more than occurred under pumping conditions and discharge to streams would have increased by 3,600 acre-feet.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri80100","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the East Dakota Conservancy Sub-District, the South Dakota Department of Water and Natural Resources, and Brookings and Hamlin counties","usgsCitation":"Koch, N.C., 1980, Appraisal of the water resources of the Big Sioux aquifer, Brookings, Deuel, and Hamlin counties, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-100, vi, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri80100.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":431615,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0100/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157947,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0100/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","county":"Brookings County, Deuel County, Hamlin County","otherGeospatial":"Big Sioux aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.65017839786026,\n 45.50039030863826\n ],\n [\n -97.65017839786026,\n 42.76701195096234\n ],\n [\n -96.41259704622428,\n 42.76701195096234\n ],\n [\n -96.41259704622428,\n 45.50039030863826\n ],\n [\n -97.65017839786026,\n 45.50039030863826\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a54c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koch, Neil C.","contributorId":64656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":49456,"text":"ofr80687 - 1980 - The oilspill risk analysis model of the U. S. Geological Survey","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":49456,"text":"ofr80687 - 1980 - The oilspill risk analysis model of the U. S. Geological Survey","indexId":"ofr80687","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"The oilspill risk analysis model of the U. S. Geological Survey"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":32565,"text":"pp1227 - 1982 - The oilspill risk analysis model of the U. S. Geological Survey","indexId":"pp1227","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"The oilspill risk analysis model of the U. S. Geological Survey"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":32565,"text":"pp1227 - 1982 - The oilspill risk analysis model of the U. S. Geological Survey","indexId":"pp1227","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"The oilspill risk analysis model of the U. S. Geological Survey"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-28T15:09:48","indexId":"ofr80687","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-687","title":"The oilspill risk analysis model of the U. S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has developed an oilspill risk analysis model to aid in estimating the environmental hazards of developing oil resources in Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) lease areas. The large, computerized model analyzes the probability of spill occurrence, as well as the likely paths or trajectories of spills in relation to the locations of recreational and biological resources which may be vulnerable. The analytical methodology can easily incorporate estimates of weathering rates , slick dispersion, and possible mitigating effects of cleanup. The probability of spill occurrence is estimated from information on the anticipated level of oil production and method and route of transport. Spill movement is modeled in Monte Carlo fashion with a sample of 500 spills per season, each transported by monthly surface current vectors and wind velocities sampled from 3-hour wind transition matrices. Transition matrices are based on historic wind records grouped in 41 wind velocity classes, and are constructed seasonally for up to six wind stations. Locations and monthly vulnerabilities of up to 31 categories of environmental resources are digitized within an 800,000 square kilometer study area. Model output includes tables of conditional impact probabilities (that is, the probability of hitting a target, given that a spill has occurred), as well as probability distributions for oilspills occurring and contacting environmental resources within preselected vulnerability time horizons. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr80687","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.A., Slack, J.R., Wyant, T., and Lanfear, K., 1980, The oilspill risk analysis model of the U. S. Geological Survey (Superceded by: P-1227): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-687, 119 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80687.","productDescription":"119 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0687/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":365199,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0687/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Superceded by: P-1227","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649479","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, R. A.","contributorId":60584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slack, J. R.","contributorId":40205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wyant, T.","contributorId":106959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wyant","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lanfear, K.J.","contributorId":14392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanfear","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":60560,"text":"mf1214A - 1980 - Geologic map of the Baker-Cypress BLM Roadless Area and Timbered Crater RARE II Areas, Modoc, Shasta, and Siskiyou counties, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:18","indexId":"mf1214A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1214","chapter":"A","title":"Geologic map of the Baker-Cypress BLM Roadless Area and Timbered Crater RARE II Areas, Modoc, Shasta, and Siskiyou counties, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1214A","usgsCitation":"Peterson, J., and Martin, L., 1980, Geologic map of the Baker-Cypress BLM Roadless Area and Timbered Crater RARE II Areas, Modoc, Shasta, and Siskiyou counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1214, 1 map ;30 x 31 cm. on sheet 84 x 71 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1214A.","productDescription":"1 map ;30 x 31 cm. on sheet 84 x 71 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105576,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6645.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6645"},{"id":182690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"62500","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.5,41.083333333333336 ], [ -121.5,41.25 ], [ -121.33333333333333,41.25 ], [ -121.33333333333333,41.083333333333336 ], [ -121.5,41.083333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0fe4b07f02db6a03ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, J.A.","contributorId":76308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, L.M.","contributorId":19224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":38641,"text":"pp1099A - 1980 - The influences of land use and land cover on climate; an analysis of the Washington-Baltimore area that couples remote sensing with numerical simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:58","indexId":"pp1099A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1099","chapter":"A","title":"The influences of land use and land cover on climate; an analysis of the Washington-Baltimore area that couples remote sensing with numerical simulation","docAbstract":"The Sun drives the atmospheric heat engine by warming the terrestrial surface which in turn warms the atmosphere above. Climate, therefore, is significantly controlled by complex interaction of energy flows near and at the terrestrial surface. When man alters this delicate energy balance by his use of the land, he may alter his climatic environment as well. Land use climatology has emerged as a discipline in which these energy interactions are studied; first, by viewing the spatial distributions of their surface manifestations, and second, by analyzing the energy exchange processes involved. Two new tools for accomplishing this study are presented: one that can interpret surface energy exchange processes from space, and another that can simulate the complex of energy transfers by a numerical simulation model. Use of a satellite-borne multispectral scanner as an imaging radiometer was made feasible by devising a gray-window model that corrects measurements made in space for the effects of the atmosphere in the optical path. The simulation model is a combination of mathematical models of energy transfer processes at or near the surface. Integration of these two analytical approaches was applied to the Washington-Baltimore area to coincide with the August 5, 1973, Skylab 3 overpass which provided data for constructing maps of the energy characteristics of the Earth's surface. The use of the two techniques provides insights into the relationship of climate to land use and land cover and in predicting alterations of climate that may result from alterations of the land surface.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1099A","usgsCitation":"Pease, R., Jenner, C., and Lewis, J., 1980, The influences of land use and land cover on climate; an analysis of the Washington-Baltimore area that couples remote sensing with numerical simulation: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1099, p. A1-A39, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1099A.","productDescription":"p. A1-A39","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1099a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65472,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1099a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a85e4b07f02db64d4d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pease, R.W.","contributorId":77206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pease","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenner, C.B.","contributorId":94718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenner","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewis, J.E. Jr.","contributorId":93957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"J.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":48569,"text":"ofr801105 - 1980 - Reassessment of the effects of construction dewatering on ground-water levels in the Cowles Unit, Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Indiana : Supplement to Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations 78-138","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T09:15:13","indexId":"ofr801105","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1105","title":"Reassessment of the effects of construction dewatering on ground-water levels in the Cowles Unit, Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Indiana : Supplement to Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations 78-138","docAbstract":"A revised dewatering plan for the construction of a nuclear power plant at the Northern Indiana Public Service Company 's (NIPSCO) Bailly Generating Station and evidence that suggests that a change in the characteristics of the confining unit 2 in and near Cowles Bog National Landmark may exist have resulted in a reassessment of the effects of construction dewatering on ground-water levels in the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. Model results indicate that the revision in the dewatering plan produces water-level declines that do not differ significantly from those described previously. However, when the change in the confining unit beneath Cowles Bog is considered, simulations of the simultaneous decline of a seepage mound after sealing of the fly-ash-ponds and the second phase of construction dewatering indicate that the simulated water-level declines in the aquifer unit 1 at Cowles Bog may be below the water levels tolerated by the National Park Service after 18 months. The water levels may even decline below the tolerable levels in spite of NIPSCO 's proposed plan of artificially recharging the aquifer unit 1 near the excavation site at 400 gal/min. The magnitude of the simulated water-level declines in unit 1 within the Lakeshore, caused by pumping from the excavation, depends on the relation in time between the second phase of dewatering and the decline of the seepage mound after sealing of the fly-ash-ponds, but not on the duration of dewatering beyond 18 months. (USGS)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr801105","collaboration":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Gillies, D.C., and Lapham, W.W., 1980, Reassessment of the effects of construction dewatering on ground-water levels in the Cowles Unit, Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Indiana : Supplement to Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations 78-138: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1105, vi, 50 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801105.","productDescription":"vi, 50 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":94494,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015048180700?urlappend=%3Bseq=1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.13333333333334,41.61666666666667 ], [ -87.13333333333334,41.666666666666664 ], [ -87.08333333333333,41.666666666666664 ], [ -87.08333333333333,41.61666666666667 ], [ -87.13333333333334,41.61666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a55e4b07f02db62c725","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gillies, Daniel C.","contributorId":39824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillies","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lapham, Wayne W.","contributorId":74734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lapham","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28521,"text":"wri8057 - 1980 - Use of geophysical logs to estimate water-quality trends in carbonate aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:50","indexId":"wri8057","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-57","title":"Use of geophysical logs to estimate water-quality trends in carbonate aquifers","docAbstract":"The water quality in carbonate aquifers can be determined by analysis of resistivity and porosity logs. When supporting data from water analyses are available, the value of the cementation exponent m can be determined more precisely. Data for this study were taken from logs of oil-test wells, Amstrat sample studies, drill-stem tests and water test wells in parts of Montana, North and South Dakota, and Wyoming. The preferred resistivity curves for apparent water resistivity (Rwa) analyses are the deeply focused laterolog and the induction log. The standard electric log can be used if the drilling mud is not saturated with salt. The preferred porosity logs are the sonic, sidewall neutron, compensated neutron, and the density logs. Older, uncalibrated neutron curves can be empirically calibrated in some instances, however, resulting porosities are frequently anomalous when compared to those determined from core or modern logs. When apparent water resistivity is determined for many wells, the data can be plotted and contoured to outline areas of recharge, direction of probable ground-water movement, and location and salinity of brine areas. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri8057","usgsCitation":"MacCary, L.M., 1980, Use of geophysical logs to estimate water-quality trends in carbonate aquifers: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-57, iv, 23 p. :ill., map ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8057.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. :ill., map ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159339,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0057/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57320,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0057/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df7f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacCary, Lawrence Mead","contributorId":67131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacCary","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"Mead","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27539,"text":"wri8031 - 1980 - Computer-model analysis of the use of Delaware River water to supplement water from the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in southern New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-09T22:37:42.168868","indexId":"wri8031","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-31","title":"Computer-model analysis of the use of Delaware River water to supplement water from the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in southern New Jersey","docAbstract":"A computer model of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system was used to simulate the effects of supplementing ground water with water from the Delaware River. Replacement of ground water pumpage with surface water in a 150-square-mile area near Camden, N.J., was simulated. Artificial recharge of surface water was also simulated in the same area. A series of nine simulations was made. The simulations include the period 1974 to 2000. Two projections for water use were used. Also, in some of the model simulations a line of injection wells was simulated to prevent movement of saline water into pumping centers.
The simulations indicate that heads will be as much as 100 feet higher in the year 2000 near the 150-square-mile area than that if ony ground water would be used without supplement of surface water. In the model simulations, heads recover upon application of surface water, but start declining again within 2 years. The rate of head decline after suface-water application is slower than before the application.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri8031","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Delaware River Basin Commission","usgsCitation":"Harbaugh, A.W., Luzier, J., and Stellerine, F., 1980, Computer-model analysis of the use of Delaware River water to supplement water from the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in southern New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-31, v, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8031.","productDescription":"v, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424244,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35401.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":263109,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0031/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":158556,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_80_31.gif"},{"id":263110,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0031/pdf/wrir80-31.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.07216673007737,\n 38.86962292904593\n ],\n [\n -75.64524022032376,\n 39.53519794116099\n ],\n [\n -74.85385301950718,\n 40.66581509733666\n ],\n [\n -73.9411320018813,\n 40.4353166131979\n ],\n [\n -73.93576328035066,\n 39.76555827545053\n ],\n [\n -74.47603929826951,\n 39.16200365839697\n ],\n [\n -74.71666672581016,\n 38.90972928033072\n ],\n [\n -75.07216673007737,\n 38.86962292904593\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a6315","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harbaugh, Arlen W. harbaugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"Arlen","email":"harbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":198284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luzier, J. E.","contributorId":7687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luzier","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stellerine, Flavian","contributorId":81146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stellerine","given":"Flavian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26006,"text":"wri8071 - 1980 - Effects of urbanization on the water quality of lakes in Eagan, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T10:54:22","indexId":"wri8071","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-71","title":"Effects of urbanization on the water quality of lakes in Eagan, Minnesota","docAbstract":"Water-quality characteristics of 17 lakes and ponds in the city of Eagan were described from data collected from 1972 through 1978. The data showed that differences in water quality between lakes were related to differences in the percentage of urbanization. However, water-quality variations within each lake were affected more by climatic variations than by land-use changes during that period.
\nDissolved solids, alkalinity, and chloride concentrations varied most in lakes with urbanized watersheds, in lakes with outlets, and in lakes less than 6 feet deep. Certain lakes without outlets showed an increase in chloride during the study, caused in part by urbanization but intensified by drought conditions of 1976-77.
\nFifteen of the lakes studied are less than 10 feet deep and frequently mix during open water. These lakes are highly eutrophic, primarily because of high nutrient loading and recycling of nutrients.
\nHolland and Fish Lakes, with depths of 52 and 30 feet, respectively, were the least eutrophic. These lakes limit continuous recycling of nutrients from bottom materials to water surface by thermal stratification and entrapment of nutrients in the hypolimnion.
\nThree phosphorus-prediction models developed during the study are applicable to shallow (less than about 12 feet), nonstratifying lakes and ponds. The data base was not sufficient to select an appropriate model to predict the effects of future loading from continuing urbanization on the deeper lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri8071","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Eagan","usgsCitation":"Ayers, M.A., Payne, G.A., and Have, M.A., 1980, Effects of urbanization on the water quality of lakes in Eagan, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-71, iv, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8071.","productDescription":"iv, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0071/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95573,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0071/report.pdf","size":"3285","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fcfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayers, M. A.","contributorId":41417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayers","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Payne, G. A.","contributorId":62190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payne","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Have, Mark A.","contributorId":16867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Have","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":11006,"text":"ofr80427 - 1980 - Water resources of the Walker River Indian Reservation, west-central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-17T19:41:46.322096","indexId":"ofr80427","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-427","title":"Water resources of the Walker River Indian Reservation, west-central Nevada","docAbstract":"Increasing interest in expanding the livestock and agricultural operations on the Walker River Indian Reservation, Nev., has prompted the Walker River Paiute Tribe to have the present and available water resources of the reservation appraised and proposed sites for new wells evaluated. Flow of the Walker River into the reservation averages about 113,000 acre-feet a year. Of this amount, about 42,000 acre-feet is used on the reservation, recharging the gound-water system and supplying irrigation water for alfalfa and pasture crops. The water quality of the river water is well suited for these purposes, and the possibility of expanding surface-water use exists. A mathematical model of the ground-water system was constructed to test various assumptions about recharge and discharge rates. The model generated water-level contours that agreed reasonably well with measured water levels, median deviation was 12 feet. With additional data , the model could be used in the future to test the feasibility of evapotranspiration salvage at the seven proposed sites for new stock and irrigation wells. The primary users of ground water on the reservation are phreatophytes and playa surfaces. They allow ground water to be lost to evaporation. About 19,000 acre-feet per year is lost through this mechanism. Domestic and livestock uses account for only about 250 acre-feet per year. Total recharge to the ground-water system amounts to about 30 ,000 acre-feet per year, and the possibility of more extensive use of ground water on the reservation exists. Quality of the ground water in most areas is suitable for all intended purposes. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80427","usgsCitation":"Schaefer, D.H., 1980, Water resources of the Walker River Indian Reservation, west-central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-427, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80427.","productDescription":"65 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389443,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11632.htm"},{"id":38776,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0427/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0427/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Walker River Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.0830,\n 38.8\n ],\n [\n -118.4420,\n 38.8\n ],\n [\n -118.4420,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -119.0830,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -119.0830,\n 38.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685a3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaefer, Donald H.","contributorId":77507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53571,"text":"rr80 - 1980 - Effects of post-impoundment shore modifications on fish populations in Missouri River reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-20T09:46:53","indexId":"rr80","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":74,"text":"Research Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"80","title":"Effects of post-impoundment shore modifications on fish populations in Missouri River reservoirs","docAbstract":"In the Missouri River main stem reservoirs in Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota, hydrodynamic processes have decreased the lengths of shorelines and changed their configuration during the first 20 to 25 years of impoundment. Shale shores of Lakes Fort Peck, Oahe, Sharpe, and Francis Case were rapidly eroded by wave action and water level fluctuation. Banks slumped, embayments filled, and stumps and debris were covered by sediment. Shale shores developed mean slopes of 5-7% in sections of reservoirs with 10- to 25-km fetches and more than 10% in sections with 3- to 7-km fetches. Glacial till tended to armor the shorelines and deter their degradation in all reservoirs. Bank-cutting was particularly severe up to 1973 in the readily erodible Fort Union sediments along Lake Sakakawea. Water level fluctuation retarded the development of stable shores. Some aquatic vegetation developed along shorelines and in shallow sections of reservoirs in which water levels fluctuated little. Substrate suitable for terrestrial vegetation did not develop along the shores of fluctuating reservoirs, except where alluvial deposits were present. Physical changes of the shore probably influenced fish abundance and species composition primarily by changing the quality and quantity of spawning and nursery habitat. Species that appeared to be adversely affected by shore changes required protected embayments or flooded vegetation for reporduction: white crappie, Pomoxis annularis: black crappie, P. nigromaculatus: yellow perch, Perca flavescens: northern pike, Esox lucius: bigmouth buffalo, Ictiobus cyprinellus: small mouth buffalo, I. bubalus: and carp, Cyprinus carpio. Fish that spawn in tributaries or on rocky shores were not greatly influenced by shore changes (although the growth rate of several species were slowed): sauger, Sander canadensis: channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus: white bass, Morone chrysops: goldeye, Hiodon alosoides: and river carpsucker, Carpiodes carpio. One species, the walleye, Stizostedion v. vitreum, appeared to be benefited from the shore changes. Physical changes along shores have not been adequately addressed in reservoir ecological planning. Fish population data collected before reservoir shores have reached a reasonable degree of stability do not provide a reliable estimate of the ultimate species composition in a reservoir.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Benson, N.G., 1980, Effects of post-impoundment shore modifications on fish populations in Missouri River reservoirs: Research Report 80, 32 p.","productDescription":"32 p.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":94581,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31822009784588?urlappend=%3Bseq=3"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.43505859374999,\n 48.09275716032736\n ],\n [\n -108.10546875,\n 47.368594345213374\n ],\n [\n -107.0068359375,\n 47.39834920035926\n ],\n [\n -103.35937499999999,\n 47.517200697839414\n ],\n [\n -101.77734374999999,\n 46.73986059969267\n ],\n [\n -101.90917968749999,\n 45.30580259943578\n ],\n [\n -100.37109375,\n 43.89789239125797\n ],\n [\n -98.0419921875,\n 42.35854391749705\n ],\n [\n -97.3828125,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 43.100982876188546\n ],\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 44.166444664458595\n ],\n [\n -99.82177734375,\n 44.762336674810996\n ],\n [\n -99.51416015625,\n 45.3521452458518\n ],\n [\n -100.78857421875,\n 47.70976154266637\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 48.45835188280866\n ],\n [\n -108.43505859374999,\n 48.09275716032736\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611a58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Norman Gustaf","contributorId":91915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"Gustaf","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":48552,"text":"ofr801082 - 1980 - Petroleum potential, environmental geology, and the technology for exploration and development of the Kodiak lease sale area #61","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T21:06:49.534911","indexId":"ofr801082","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1082","title":"Petroleum potential, environmental geology, and the technology for exploration and development of the Kodiak lease sale area #61","docAbstract":"The Kodiak lease area is along a convergent ocean margin where active subduction is probably the greatest single influence on the geology. This influence is indicated by the Aleutian Trench, the Aleutian chain of volcanoes, and a well developed Benioff zone of earthquakes. Crustal structure under the Kodiak Shelf is intermediate between continental and oceanic. The thickness of sedimentary rock is 8 ± 3 km, which is greater than beneath the island. The proposed lease—sale area is on a submerged shelf extending 100 km or more seaward from the Kodiak group of islands, and it is more than 400 km long. The Kodiak Shelf still retains a glacial topography which has been modified by tectonically uplifted banks along the shelf edge and across the shelf. These banks are readily detectable signs of recent tectonism. Not so easily detectable are three deep offshore Neogene basins formed by depression of an unsampled presumed Paleogene sedimentary section. The basin floors have subsided 5 to 7 km since middle (?) Miocene time; the basins are filled with late Miocene and younger sediment that is only gently deformed.
A sudden increase in seismic velocity occurs across the contact between the basin fill and the presumed Paleogene rocks that underlie it. This discontinuity in seismic velocity, the smooth character of the basin surface, and the truncation of dipping beds beneath it, are the basis for inferring subaerial erosion of the Paleogene section. If this inference is correct, the structure in some places requires at least 3000 m of subsidence followed by an uplift of even greater magnitude in Neogene time. The vertical tectonism offshore might produce reservoir rock and different source rock than
encountered onshore.
The objective of this study is to develop a probabilistic model for earthquake occurrences with temporal and spatial memory. Stochastic processes are used to characterize both the spatial and temporal dependencies of seismic occurrences along a fault. Currently, only homogeneous space and time transitions are considered. The resulting process however is evolutionary and depends on the specific sequence of events over a period of time. The model provides estimates on the cumulative activity of a fault over a future time period. In addition, probabilities of occurrences of individual events along a geologic fault at some specified future time are obtained when a descritized time scale is used. The information from these evaluations is particularly useful in engineering seismic hazard computations and for social and engineering seismic risk assessments.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr801153","usgsCitation":"Kiremidjian, A.S., and Anagnos, T., 1980, A homogeneous stochastic model for earthquake occurrences: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1153, v, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801153.","productDescription":"v, 41 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405729,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1153/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142791,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1153/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae416","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiremidjian, Anne S.","contributorId":60649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiremidjian","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anagnos, Thalia","contributorId":66690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anagnos","given":"Thalia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":48536,"text":"ofr801022 - 1980 - Simulation of an aquifer test on the Tesuque Pueblo Grant, New Mexico","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":48536,"text":"ofr801022 - 1980 - Simulation of an aquifer test on the Tesuque Pueblo Grant, New Mexico","indexId":"ofr801022","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Simulation of an aquifer test on the Tesuque Pueblo Grant, New Mexico"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1818,"text":"wsp2206 - 1985 - Simulation of an aquifer test on the Tesuque Pueblo Grant, New Mexico","indexId":"wsp2206","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Simulation of an aquifer test on the Tesuque Pueblo Grant, New Mexico"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":1818,"text":"wsp2206 - 1985 - Simulation of an aquifer test on the Tesuque Pueblo Grant, New Mexico","indexId":"wsp2206","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Simulation of an aquifer test on the Tesuque Pueblo Grant, New Mexico"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:21","indexId":"ofr801022","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1022","title":"Simulation of an aquifer test on the Tesuque Pueblo Grant, New Mexico","docAbstract":"An aquifer test was designed and conducted in the anisotropic dipping beds of the Tesuque Formation on the Tesuque Pueblo Grant, N.M. The three-dimensional digital model used to analyze the test approximated the response to the test. The analysis of the geohydrology of the test site in combination with the model calibration has provided estimates of average aquifer characteristics for the group of beds penetrated at the test site; the hydraulic conductivity parallel to the beds is about 2 feet per day, the hydraulic conductivity normal to the beds is about 0.0001 foot per day or lower, the specific yield is about 0.15, and the specific storage is about 0.000002 per foot. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr801022","usgsCitation":"Hearne, G.A., 1980, Simulation of an aquifer test on the Tesuque Pueblo Grant, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1022, vi, 44 p. : ill., 2 maps ; 26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801022.","productDescription":"vi, 44 p. : ill., 2 maps ; 26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":94492,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015048180718?urlappend=%3Bseq=1"},{"id":170368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db64858f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearne, Glenn A.","contributorId":50882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearne","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1330,"text":"wsp2063 - 1980 - Channel and dynamic flow characteristics of the Chattahoochee River, Buford Dam to Georgia Highway 141","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-01T09:51:35","indexId":"wsp2063","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2063","title":"Channel and dynamic flow characteristics of the Chattahoochee River, Buford Dam to Georgia Highway 141","docAbstract":"Detailed flow and cross-section data for a 17-mile reach of the Chattahoochee River in northeast Georgia are described and summarized. Flow data include measurements of highly dynamic stage and discharge at five stations during the period March 21-23, 1976. Flow data were collected at 5-minute intervals and are listed accordingly. Coordinate data for 39 cross sections in the study reach are also listed. A mathematical model is developed and applied whereby stage data collected at a single station can be used to compute highly dynamic discharge at the station. The model is based on the continuity and momentum equations that describe unsteady, one-dimensional flow in open channels. Both equations are transformed to a single quadratic equation which describes mean flow velocity at a single station. Flow-geometry parameters used by the model are computed using cross-section coordinates and the equation which describes the area of an irregular polygon. Use of the model in conjunction with highly dynamic stage data collected on March 23, 1976, provided close agreement between measured and computed discharges. The model was also used to investigate the sensitivity of highly dynamic discharge to channel and flow parameters. Computed discharge was most sensitive to changes in channel roughness and slope.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2063","usgsCitation":"Faye, R.E., and Cherry, R.N., 1980, Channel and dynamic flow characteristics of the Chattahoochee River, Buford Dam to Georgia Highway 141: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2063, 66 p. : ill., maps ; 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2063.","productDescription":"66 p. : ill., maps ; 24 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":26385,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2063/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2063/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Buford Dam, Chattahoochee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.5343017578125,\n 32.99023555965106\n ],\n [\n -84.8089599609375,\n 32.8472886646638\n ],\n [\n -85.0177001953125,\n 32.81959486923976\n ],\n [\n -85.220947265625,\n 32.856518010109546\n ],\n [\n -85.3143310546875,\n 32.99945000822837\n ],\n [\n -85.3143310546875,\n 33.22030778968541\n ],\n [\n -84.9462890625,\n 33.6420625047537\n ],\n [\n -84.9517822265625,\n 33.970697997361626\n ],\n [\n -84.72656249999999,\n 34.17090836352573\n ],\n [\n -84.407958984375,\n 34.16636338473789\n ],\n [\n -84.166259765625,\n 34.37517887533528\n ],\n [\n -84.0618896484375,\n 34.52918706954935\n ],\n [\n -84.04541015625,\n 34.768691457552706\n ],\n [\n -83.82568359375,\n 34.88142481679756\n ],\n [\n -83.64990234375,\n 34.89494244739732\n ],\n [\n -83.3917236328125,\n 34.8183131456094\n ],\n [\n -83.34228515625,\n 34.56990638085636\n ],\n [\n -83.64990234375,\n 34.20271636159618\n ],\n [\n -83.95751953125,\n 33.897777013859475\n ],\n [\n -84.5452880859375,\n 33.38558626887102\n ],\n [\n -84.5343017578125,\n 32.99023555965106\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e47cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faye, Robert E.","contributorId":92221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faye","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cherry, Rodney N.","contributorId":85941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10037,"text":"ofr801285 - 1980 - Ground-water appraisal of sand plains in Benton, Sherburne, Stearns, and Wright counties, central Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T13:15:03","indexId":"ofr801285","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1285","title":"Ground-water appraisal of sand plains in Benton, Sherburne, Stearns, and Wright counties, central Minnesota","docAbstract":"Surficial-sand aquifers in 960 square miles of central Minnesota have been studied to determine the occurrence, availability, and suitability of the surficial aquifer as a source of water. The aquifer is being increasingly developed for irrigation.
\nDuring the drought of 1976, nearly 24,000 acre-feet of ground water was withdrawn for irrigation, more than double that of the previous year. The number of irrigation pumping centers more than doubled from 1975 to 1977. Nearly all water is pumped from drift aquifers, except in the eastern parts of Sherburne and Wright Counties, where Paleozoic sandstone beds are a reliable source.
\nPhysical and hydrologic properties of the surficial aquifer were determined by test augering, pumping tests, and laboratory sieve analyses. The aquifer is predominantly medium to coarse sand with lesser amounts of gravel in much of the study area. The Sauk River valley in Stearns County is nearly 50 percent poorly sorted gravel of irregular thickness. Saturated thickness of sand in the Maine Prairie area locally exceeds 100 feet, and transmissivity exceeds 40,000 feet squared per day. Similar deposits in Sherburne County exceed 80 feet in thickness, transmissivity exceeds 30,000 feet squared per day, and wells theoretically could yield 2,000 to 3,000 gallons per minute. Theoretical well yields of less than 100 gallons per minute can be expected where saturated thickness is less than 20 feet and transmissivity is less than 5,000 feet squared per day. Pumping tests indicate horizontal to vertical ratios of hydraulic conductivity ranging from 2-27:1.
\nAverage annual precipitation is 27 inches, about 8 of which is recharge to the surficial aquifer. Regional ground-water movement is toward the Mississippi River, which transects the area. Tributary streams and lakes act as controls for local flow systems. At extreme low flow in August 1976, mainstem gains in streamflow in the Elk, St. Francis, Sauk, and Mississippi Rivers averaged 0.4, 0.4, 0.2, and 2.5 cubic feet per second per river mile, respectively.
\nGround water is of the calcium bicarbonate type and is suitable for most uses. Relatively high nitrate and chloride concentrations occur in a heavily irrigated area in Sherburne County.
\nSurficial aquifers in Sherburne County and the Maine Prairie area of Stearns County were simulated by two-dimensional digital ground-water-flow models. Calibration was achieved by matching calculated water-table heads and streamflow gains with observed field values. Aquifer responses to pumping stresses under present and hypothetically expanded development were determined for average and below average recharge conditions.
\nIrrigation withdrawals for 1977 totaling 15.6 cubic feet per second from 96 pumping centers were included in the Sherburne steady-state model. Increasing withdrawals to 52.2 cubic feet per second from 153 pumping centers would lower regional water levels as much as 8 feet within a few years at normal recharge rates.
\nIrrigation withdrawals in 1977, totaling 2.0 cubic feet per second from 19 pumping centers, were included in the Maine Prairie steady-state model. Increasing withdrawals to 10.8 cubic feet per second from 42 pumping centers would lower regional water levels as much as 18 feet at normal recharge rates.
\nBoth modeled areas will support additional withdrawals, but caution must be exercised because lowering ground-water levels will also lower lake levels and reduce streamflow. In some areas, aquifer dewatering will reduce individual well yields.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr801285","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Central Minnesota Regional Development Commission, Benton Sherburne, Stearns, and Wright County Boards","usgsCitation":"Lindholm, G.F., 1980, Ground-water appraisal of sand plains in Benton, Sherburne, Stearns, and Wright counties, central Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1285, Document: viii, 103 p.; 4 Plates: 42.96 x 32.35 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801285.","productDescription":"Document: viii, 103 p.; 4 Plates: 42.96 x 32.35 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":37882,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37883,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37884,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37885,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37881,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1285/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Benton County, Sherburne County, Stearns County, Wright County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-93.7641,45.8202],[-93.7598,45.5604],[-93.5106,45.5598],[-93.5093,45.4163],[-93.5138,45.2454],[-93.5158,45.2458],[-93.5197,45.2417],[-93.5242,45.2385],[-93.5332,45.2317],[-93.5371,45.2294],[-93.5462,45.2289],[-93.554,45.2298],[-93.5617,45.2289],[-93.5676,45.2225],[-93.5734,45.2202],[-93.5792,45.2189],[-93.5857,45.2189],[-93.5967,45.2134],[-93.6031,45.2111],[-93.6096,45.2111],[-93.6167,45.2115],[-93.6258,45.2092],[-93.6297,45.2074],[-93.6329,45.2056],[-93.6361,45.206],[-93.6387,45.2074],[-93.6471,45.2079],[-93.6562,45.201],[-93.6555,45.1969],[-93.6549,45.1905],[-93.6516,45.1841],[-93.6503,45.169],[-93.6529,45.1631],[-93.6554,45.1599],[-93.6574,45.1585],[-93.6716,45.1562],[-93.6793,45.1525],[-93.6852,45.1489],[-93.6929,45.1434],[-93.7019,45.1374],[-93.7155,45.1269],[-93.72,45.1205],[-93.7225,45.11],[-93.7257,45.1022],[-93.7322,45.0963],[-93.7341,45.0922],[-93.7399,45.0894],[-93.7534,45.0853],[-93.7631,45.0839],[-93.7663,45.077],[-93.7702,45.0734],[-93.7692,44.9789],[-94.0117,44.9796],[-94.2548,44.9812],[-94.2544,45.2268],[-94.2602,45.2268],[-94.2614,45.2784],[-94.2615,45.2844],[-94.382,45.2836],[-94.3819,45.327],[-94.7612,45.3272],[-94.7635,45.414],[-95.1322,45.4128],[-95.1319,45.5856],[-95.1384,45.5864],[-95.1388,45.7602],[-95.1398,45.7744],[-94.6438,45.7758],[-94.2782,45.777],[-94.2802,45.778],[-94.2841,45.7793],[-94.2894,45.7806],[-94.2972,45.7829],[-94.3018,45.7838],[-94.3051,45.7865],[-94.3077,45.7888],[-94.3091,45.792],[-94.3105,45.7965],[-94.3118,45.7983],[-94.3144,45.7992],[-94.3183,45.7997],[-94.3235,45.7992],[-94.3262,45.8001],[-94.3295,45.8014],[-94.3328,45.8042],[-94.338,45.8078],[-94.3426,45.811],[-94.3466,45.8141],[-94.3499,45.8173],[-94.3513,45.8228],[-94.0515,45.8262],[-93.9254,45.8216],[-93.7641,45.8202]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Benton\",\"state\":\"MN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d3ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindholm, Gerald F.","contributorId":18374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindholm","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}