{"pageNumber":"1558","pageRowStart":"38925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184553,"records":[{"id":70041928,"text":"70041928 - 2013 - Toxicity of sediments potentially contaminated by coal mining and natural gas extraction to unionid mussels and commonly tested benthic invertebrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-18T12:38:56","indexId":"70041928","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of sediments potentially contaminated by coal mining and natural gas extraction to unionid mussels and commonly tested benthic invertebrates","docAbstract":"Sediment toxicity tests were conducted to assess potential effects of contaminants associated with coal mining or natural gas extraction activities in the upper Tennessee River basin and eastern Cumberland River basin in the United States. Test species included two unionid mussels (rainbow mussel, <i>Villosa iris</i>, and wavy-rayed lampmussel, <i>Lampsilis fasciola</i>, 28-d exposures), and the commonly tested amphipod, <i>Hyalella azteca</i> (28-d exposure) and midge, <i>Chironomus dilutus</i> (10-d exposure). Sediments were collected from seven test sites with mussel communities classified as impacted and in proximity to coal mining or gas extraction activities, and from five reference sites with mussel communities classified as not impacted and no or limited coal mining or gas extraction activities. Additional samples were collected from six test sites potentially with high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and from a test site contaminated by a coal ash spill. Mean survival, length, or biomass of one or more test species was reduced in 10 of 14 test samples (71%) from impacted areas relative to the response of organisms in the five reference samples. A higher proportion of samples was classified as toxic to mussels (63% for rainbow mussels, 50% for wavy-rayed lampmussels) compared with amphipods (38%) or midge (38%). Concentrations of total recoverable metals and total PAHs in sediments did not exceed effects-based probable effect concentrations (PECs). However, the survival, length, or biomasses of the mussels were reduced significantly with increasing PEC quotients for metals and for total PAHs, or with increasing sum equilibrium-partitioning sediment benchmark toxic units for PAHs. The growth of the rainbow mussel also significantly decreased with increasing concentrations of a major anion (chloride) and major cations (calcium and magnesium) in sediment pore water. Results of the present study indicated that (1) the findings from laboratory tests were generally consistent with the field observations of impacts on mussel populations; (2) total recoverable metals, PAHs, or major ions, or all three in sediments might have contributed to the sediment toxicity; (3) the mussels were more sensitive to the contaminants in sediments than the commonly tested amphipod and midge; and (4) a sediment toxicity benchmark of 1.0 based on PECs may not be protective of mussels.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/etc.2032","usgsCitation":"Wang, N., Ingersoll, C.G., Kunz, J.L., Brumbaugh, W.G., Kane, C.M., Evans, R.B., Alexander, S., Walker, C., and Bakaletz, S., 2013, Toxicity of sediments potentially contaminated by coal mining and natural gas extraction to unionid mussels and commonly tested benthic invertebrates: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 32, no. 1, p. 207-221, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2032.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"221","ipdsId":"IP-038575","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,24.52 ], [ -124.41,49.0 ], [ -66.9,49.0 ], [ -66.9,24.52 ], [ -124.41,24.52 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e553d0e4b0a4aa5bb021d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Ning 0000-0002-2846-3352 nwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2846-3352","contributorId":2818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Ning","email":"nwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kunz, James L. 0000-0002-1027-158X jkunz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-158X","contributorId":3309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"James","email":"jkunz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kane, Cindy M.","contributorId":9549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"Cindy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Evans, R. Brian","contributorId":54088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alexander, Steven","contributorId":80567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Walker, Craig","contributorId":32802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bakaletz, Steve","contributorId":84645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakaletz","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70041965,"text":"70041965 - 2013 - The influence of global climate change on the scientific foundations and applications of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: Introduction to a SETAC international workshop","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-22T14:19:10","indexId":"70041965","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of global climate change on the scientific foundations and applications of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: Introduction to a SETAC international workshop","docAbstract":"This is the first of seven papers resulting from a Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) international workshop titled “The Influence of Global Climate Change on the Scientific Foundations and Applications of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.” The workshop involved 36 scientists from 11 countries and was designed to answer the following question: How will global climate change influence the environmental impacts of chemicals and other stressors and the way we assess and manage them in the environment? While more detail is found in the complete series of articles, some key consensus points are as follows: (1) human actions (including mitigation of and adaptation to impacts of global climate change [GCC]) may have as much influence on the fate and distribution of chemical contaminants as does GCC, and modeled predictions should be interpreted cautiously; (2) climate change can affect the toxicity of chemicals, but chemicals can also affect how organisms acclimate to climate change; (3) effects of GCC may be slow, variable, and difficult to detect, though some populations and communities of high vulnerability may exhibit responses sooner and more dramatically than others; (4) future approaches to human and ecological risk assessments will need to incorporate multiple stressors and cumulative risks considering the wide spectrum of potential impacts stemming from GCC; and (5) baseline/reference conditions for estimating resource injury and restoration/rehabilitation will continually shift due to GCC and represent significant challenges to practitioners.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/etc.2037","usgsCitation":"Stahl, R.G., Hooper, M.J., Balbus, J.M., Clements, W., Fritz, A., Gouin, T., Helm, R., Hickey, C., Landis, W., and Moe, S.J., 2013, The influence of global climate change on the scientific foundations and applications of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: Introduction to a SETAC international workshop: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 32, no. 1, p. 13-19, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2037.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-034497","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2037","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":264786,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264784,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2037"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e508b9e4b0e8fec6cea1c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stahl, Ralph G. Jr.","contributorId":57745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stahl","given":"Ralph","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooper, Michael J. 0000-0002-4161-8961 mhooper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-8961","contributorId":3251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"Michael","email":"mhooper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Balbus, John M.","contributorId":21844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balbus","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clements, William","contributorId":82596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clements","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fritz, Alyce","contributorId":27766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritz","given":"Alyce","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gouin, Todd","contributorId":36443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gouin","given":"Todd","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Helm, Roger","contributorId":42115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helm","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hickey, Christopher","contributorId":77021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickey","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Landis, Wayne","contributorId":97796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Moe, S. Jannicke","contributorId":12351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moe","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jannicke","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70124924,"text":"70124924 - 2013 - Post-release survival of surf scoters following an oil spill: an experimental approach to evaluating rehabilitation success","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-20T13:58:32.699946","indexId":"70124924","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-25T08:50:43","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-release survival of surf scoters following an oil spill: an experimental approach to evaluating rehabilitation success","docAbstract":"<p><span>Birds are often the most numerous vertebrates damaged and rehabilitated in marine oil spills; however, the efficacy of avian rehabilitation is frequently debated and rarely examined experimentally. We compared survival of three radio-marked treatment groups, oiled, rehabilitated (ORHB), un-oiled, rehabilitated (RHB), and un-oiled, non-rehabilitated (CON), in an experimental approach to examine post-release survival of surf scoters (</span><i>Melanitta perspicillata</i><span>) following the 2007&nbsp;</span><i>M/V Cosco Busan</i><span>&nbsp;spill in San Francisco Bay. Live encounter-dead recovery modeling indicated that survival differed among treatment groups and over time since release. The survival estimate (±SE) for ORHB was 0.143</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>0.107 compared to CON (0.498</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>0.168) and RHB groups (0.772</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>0.229), suggesting scoters tolerated the rehabilitation process itself well, but oiling resulted in markedly lower survival. Future efforts to understand the physiological effects of oil type and severity on scoters are needed to improve post-release survival of this species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.027","usgsCitation":"De La Cruz, S.E., Takekawa, J.Y., Spragens, K., Yee, J., Golightly, R.T., Massey, G., Henkel, L.A., Larsen, S., and Ziccardi, M., 2013, Post-release survival of surf scoters following an oil spill: an experimental approach to evaluating rehabilitation success: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 67, no. 1-2, p. 100-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.027.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"100","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-039784","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293819,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.522833,37.445189 ], [ -122.522833,38.144192 ], [ -122.036897,38.144192 ], [ -122.036897,37.445189 ], [ -122.522833,37.445189 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"67","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54140b24e4b082fed288b944","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De La Cruz, Susan E. 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W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spragens, Kyle A.","contributorId":98452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spragens","given":"Kyle A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yee, Julie","contributorId":10343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"Julie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Golightly, Richard T.","contributorId":56783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golightly","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":500962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Massey, Greg","contributorId":93411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massey","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Henkel, Laird A.","contributorId":84288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henkel","given":"Laird","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Larsen, Scott","contributorId":30929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ziccardi, Michael","contributorId":27806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziccardi","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70041966,"text":"70041966 - 2013 - Assessing the relative bioavailability of DOC in regional groundwater systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T16:27:19","indexId":"70041966","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the relative bioavailability of DOC in regional groundwater systems","docAbstract":"<p>It has been hypothesized that the degree to which a hyperbolic relationship exists between concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved oxygen (DO) in groundwater may indicate the relative bioavailability of DOC. This hypothesis was examined for 73 different regional aquifers of the United States using 7745 analyses of groundwater compiled by the National Water Assessment (NAWQA) program of the U.S. Geological Survey. The relative reaction quotient (RRQ), a measure of the curvature of DOC concentrations plotted versus DO concentrations and regressed to a decaying hyperbolic equation, was used to assess the relative bioavailability of DOC. For the basalt aquifer of Oahu, Hawaii, RRQ values were low (0.0013 mM<sup>&minus;2</sup>), reflecting a nearly random relationship between DOC and DO concentrations. In contrast, on the island of Maui, treated sewage effluent injected into a portion of the basalt aquifer resulted in pronounced hyperbolic DOC-DO behavior and a higher RRQ (142 mM<sup>&minus;2</sup>). RRQ values for the 73 aquifers correlated positively with mean concentrations of ammonia, dissolved iron, and manganese, and correlated negatively with mean pH. This indicates that greater RRQ values are associated with greater concentrations of the final products of microbial reduction reactions. RRQ values and DOC concentrations were negatively correlated with the thickness of the unsaturated zone (UNST) and depth to the top of the screened interval. Finally, RRQ values were positively correlated with mean annual precipitation (MAP), and the highest observed RRQ values were associated with aquifers receiving MAP rates ranging between 900 and 1300 mm/year. These results are uniformly consistent with the hypothesis that the hyperbolic behavior of DOC-DO plots, as quantified by the RRQ metric, can be an indicator of relative DOC bioavailability in groundwater systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00987.x","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., Bradley, P.M., Journey, C.A., and McMahon, P.B., 2013, Assessing the relative bioavailability of DOC in regional groundwater systems: Ground Water, v. 51, no. 3, p. 363-372, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00987.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"372","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039479","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science 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cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McMahon, Peter B. 0000-0001-7452-2379 pmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Peter","email":"pmcmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042064,"text":"70042064 - 2013 - Projected surface radiative forcing due to 2000--2050 land-cover land-use albedo change over the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-23T08:45:42","indexId":"70042064","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2366,"text":"Journal of Land Change Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projected surface radiative forcing due to 2000--2050 land-cover land-use albedo change over the eastern United States","docAbstract":"Satellite-derived contemporary land-cover land-use (LCLU) and albedo data and modeled future LCLU are used to study the impact of LCLU change from 2000 to 2050 on surface albedo and radiative forcing for 19 ecoregions in the eastern United States. The modeled 2000–2050 LCLU changes indicate a future decrease in both agriculture and forested land and an increase in developed land that induces ecoregion radiative forcings ranging from −0.175 to 0.432 W m<sup>−2</sup> driven predominately by differences in the area and type of LCLU change. At the regional scale, these projected LCLU changes induce a net negative albedo decrease (−0.001) and a regional positive radiative forcing of 0.112 W m<sup>−2</sup>. This overall positive forcing (i.e., warming) is almost 4 times greater than that estimated for documented 1973–2000 LCLU albedo change published in a previous study using the same methods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Land Change Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/1747423X.2012.667453","usgsCitation":"Barnes, C., Roy, D.P., and Loveland, T., 2013, Projected surface radiative forcing due to 2000--2050 land-cover land-use albedo change over the eastern United States: Journal of Land Change Science, v. 8, no. 4, p. 369-382, https://doi.org/10.1080/1747423X.2012.667453.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"382","ipdsId":"IP-029007","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1747423x.2012.667453","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":264752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264751,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1747423X.2012.667453"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,18.9 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -66.9,71.4 ], [ -66.9,18.9 ], [ 172.5,18.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e492dbe4b0e8fec6cd8b73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, Christopher A. 0000-0002-4608-4364","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4608-4364","contributorId":92793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"Christopher A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, David P.","contributorId":71083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":3005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041483,"text":"70041483 - 2013 - Lake trout otolith chronologies as multidecadal indicators of high-latitude freshwater ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T16:27:49","indexId":"70041483","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake trout otolith chronologies as multidecadal indicators of high-latitude freshwater ecosystems","docAbstract":"High-latitude ecosystems are among the most vulnerable to long-term climate change, yet continuous, multidecadal indicators by which to gauge effects on biology are scarce, especially in freshwater environments. To address this issue, dendrochronology (tree-ring analysis) techniques were applied to growth-increment widths in otoliths from lake trout (<i>Salvelinus namaycush</i>) from the Chandler Lake system, Alaska (68.23°N, 152.70°W). All otoliths were collected in 1987 and exhibited highly synchronous patterns in growth-increment width. Increments were dated, the widths were measured, and age-related growth declines were removed using standard dendrochronology techniques. The detrended time series were averaged to generate an annually resolved chronology, which continuously spanned 1964–1984. The chronology positively and linearly correlated with August air temperature over the 22-year interval (p < 0.01), indicating that warmer summers were beneficial for growth, perhaps by increasing fish metabolic rate or lake productivity. Given the broad distribution of lake trout within North America, this study suggests that otolith chronologies could be used to examine responses between freshwater ecosystems and environmental variability across a range of temporal and spatial scales.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polar Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00300-012-1245-9","usgsCitation":"Black, B., von Biela, V.R., Zimmerman, C.E., and Brown, R.J., 2013, Lake trout otolith chronologies as multidecadal indicators of high-latitude freshwater ecosystems: Polar Biology, v. 36, no. 1, p. 147-153, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-012-1245-9.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"153","ipdsId":"IP-040814","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264088,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-012-1245-9"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chandler Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,51.2 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -130.0,71.4 ], [ -130.0,51.2 ], [ 172.5,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d04984e4b0d83991d15692","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Black, B.A.","contributorId":63698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"von Biela, Vanessa R. 0000-0002-7139-5981 vvonbiela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-5981","contributorId":3104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Biela","given":"Vanessa","email":"vvonbiela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Randy J.","contributorId":59022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Randy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70039846,"text":"70039846 - 2013 - A framework for understanding semi-permeable barrier effects on migratory ungulates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-12T16:23:26","indexId":"70039846","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A framework for understanding semi-permeable barrier effects on migratory ungulates","docAbstract":"1. Impermeable barriers to migration can greatly constrain the set of possible routes and ranges used by migrating animals. For ungulates, however, many forms of development are semi-permeable, and making informed management decisions about their potential impacts to the persistence of migration routes is difficult because our knowledge of how semi-permeable barriers affect migratory behaviour and function is limited. 2. Here, we propose a general framework to advance the understanding of barrier effects on ungulate migration by emphasizing the need to (i) quantify potential barriers in terms that allow behavioural thresholds to be considered, (ii) identify and measure behavioural responses to semi-permeable barriers and (iii) consider the functional attributes of the migratory landscape (e.g. stopovers) and how the benefits of migration might be reduced by behavioural changes. 3. We used global position system (GPS) data collected from two subpopulations of mule deer <i>Odocoileus hemionus</i> to evaluate how different levels of gas development influenced migratory behaviour, including movement rates and stopover use at the individual level, and intensity of use and width of migration route at the population level. We then characterized the functional landscape of migration routes as either stopover habitat or movement corridors and examined how the observed behavioural changes affected the functionality of the migration route in terms of stopover use. 4. We found migratory behaviour to vary with development intensity. Our results suggest that mule deer can migrate through moderate levels of development without any noticeable effects on migratory behaviour. However, in areas with more intensive development, animals often detoured from established routes, increased their rate of movement and reduced stopover use, while the overall use and width of migration routes decreased. 5. <i>Synthesis and applications</i>. In contrast to impermeable barriers that impede animal movement, semi-permeable barriers allow animals to maintain connectivity between their seasonal ranges. Our results identify the mechanisms (e.g. detouring, increased movement rates, reduced stopover use) by which semi-permeable barriers affect the functionality of ungulate migration routes and emphasize that the management of semi-permeable barriers may play a key role in the conservation of migratory ungulate populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12013","usgsCitation":"Sawyer, H., Kauffman, M., Middleton, A., Morrison, T.A., Nielson, R.M., and Wyckoff, T.B., 2013, A framework for understanding semi-permeable barrier effects on migratory ungulates: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 50, no. 1, p. 68-78, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12013.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"78","ipdsId":"IP-039279","costCenters":[{"id":683,"text":"Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":264118,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264117,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12013"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20b6ee4b08b071e771b0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sawyer, Hall","contributorId":39930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Hall","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900 mkauffman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":2963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mkauffman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":467046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Middleton, Arthur D.","contributorId":99440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Arthur D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morrison, Thomas A.","contributorId":72277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nielson, Ryan M.","contributorId":78971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nielson","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6660,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":467050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wyckoff, Teal B.","contributorId":62902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wyckoff","given":"Teal","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70041076,"text":"70041076 - 2013 - Temporal, spatial and ecological dynamics of speciation among amphi-Beringian small mammals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:17:21","indexId":"70041076","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal, spatial and ecological dynamics of speciation among amphi-Beringian small mammals","docAbstract":"Quaternary climate cycles played an important role in promoting diversification across the Northern Hemisphere, although details of the mechanisms driving evolutionary change are still poorly resolved. In a comparative phylogeographical framework, we investigate temporal, spatial and ecological components of evolution within a suite of Holarctic small mammals. We test a hypothesis of simultaneous divergence among multiple taxon pairs, investigating time to coalescence and demographic change for each taxon in response to a combination of climate and geography.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Biogeography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Scientific Publications","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/jbi.12056","usgsCitation":"Hope, A.G., Takebayashi, N., Galbreath, K.E., Talbot, S.L., and Cook, J.A., 2013, Temporal, spatial and ecological dynamics of speciation among amphi-Beringian small mammals: Journal of Biogeography, v. 40, no. 3, p. 415-429, https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12056.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"429","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-038798","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280960,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280959,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12056"}],"country":"Canada;Russia;United States","otherGeospatial":"Beringia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 114.3,39.6 ], [ 114.3,77.6 ], [ -114.6,77.6 ], [ -114.6,39.6 ], [ 114.3,39.6 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd768ee4b0b2908510af76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hope, Andrew G. 0000-0003-3814-2891 ahope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-2891","contributorId":4309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hope","given":"Andrew","email":"ahope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takebayashi, Naoki","contributorId":99888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takebayashi","given":"Naoki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galbreath, Kurt E.","contributorId":48867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galbreath","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, Joseph A.","contributorId":8323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041727,"text":"70041727 - 2013 - Assessing the state of knowledge of utility-scale wind energy development and operation on non-volant terrestrial and marine wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-13T20:16:03","indexId":"70041727","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":832,"text":"Applied Energy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the state of knowledge of utility-scale wind energy development and operation on non-volant terrestrial and marine wildlife","docAbstract":"A great deal has been published in the scientific literature regarding the effects of wind energy development and operation on volant (flying) wildlife including birds and bats, although knowledge of how to mitigate negative impacts is still imperfect. We reviewed the peer-reviewed scientific literature for information on the known and potential effects of utility-scale wind energy development and operation (USWEDO) on terrestrial and marine non-volant wildlife and found that very little has been published on the topic. Following a similar review for solar energy we identified known and potential effects due to construction and eventual decommissioning of wind energy facilities. Many of the effects are similar and include direct mortality, environmental impacts of destruction and modification of habitat including impacts of roads, and offsite impacts related to construction material acquisition, processing and transportation. Known and potential effects due to operation and maintenance of facilities include habitat fragmentation and barriers to gene flow, as well as effects due to noise, vibration and shadow flicker, electromagnetic field generation, macro- and micro-climate change, predator attraction, and increased fire risk. The scarcity of before-after-control-impact studies hinders the ability to rigorously quantify the effects of USWEDO on non-volant wildlife. We conclude that more empirical data are currently needed to fully assess the impact of USWEDO on non-volant wildlife.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Energy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.001","usgsCitation":"Lovich, J.E., and Ennen, J., 2013, Assessing the state of knowledge of utility-scale wind energy development and operation on non-volant terrestrial and marine wildlife: Applied Energy, v. 103, p. 52-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.001.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"52","endPage":"60","ipdsId":"IP-038151","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263938,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.001"},{"id":264019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50cb5764e4b09e092d6f03d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ennen, Joshua R.","contributorId":60368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ennen","given":"Joshua R.","affiliations":[{"id":13216,"text":"Tennessee Aquarium Conservation Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041769,"text":"70041769 - 2013 - Responses of riparian reptile communities to damming and urbanization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-13T14:15:28","indexId":"70041769","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Responses of riparian reptile communities to damming and urbanization","docAbstract":"Various anthropogenic pressures, including habitat loss, threaten reptile populations worldwide. Riparian zones are critical habitat for many reptile species, but these habitats are also frequently modified by anthropogenic activities. Our study investigated the effects of two riparian habitat modifications-damming and urbanization-on overall and species-specific reptile occupancy patterns. We used time-constrained search techniques to compile encounter histories for 28 reptile species at 21 different sites along the Broad and Pacolet Rivers of South Carolina. Using a hierarchical Bayesian analysis, we modeled reptile occupancy responses to a site's distance upstream from dam, distance downstream from dam, and percent urban land use. The mean occupancy response by the reptile community indicated that reptile occupancy and species richness were maximized when sites were farther upstream from dams. Species-specific occupancy estimates showed a similar trend of lower occupancy immediately upstream from dams. Although the mean occupancy response of the reptile community was positively related to distance downstream from dams, the occupancy response to distance downstream varied among species. Percent urban land use had little effect on the occupancy response of the reptile community or individual species. Our results indicate that the conditions of impoundments and subsequent degradation of the riparian zones upstream from dams may not provide suitable habitat for a number of reptile species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2012.08.035","usgsCitation":"Hunt, S.D., Guzy, J., Price, S.J., Halstead, B., Eskew, E.A., and Dorcas, M.E., 2013, Responses of riparian reptile communities to damming and urbanization: Biological Conservation, v. 157, p. 277-284, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.08.035.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"284","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-040614","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263985,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.08.035"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina;South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Broad River;Pacolet River","volume":"157","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50cb581ee4b09e092d6f0422","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Stephanie D.","contributorId":58532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guzy, Jacquelyn C.","contributorId":9146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guzy","given":"Jacquelyn C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Price, Steven J. 0000-0002-2388-0579","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2388-0579","contributorId":57738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eskew, Evan A.","contributorId":56126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eskew","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dorcas, Michael E.","contributorId":100515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorcas","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12984,"text":"Department of Biology, Davidson College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70041741,"text":"70041741 - 2013 - Quantifying tree mortality in a mixed species woodland using multitemporal high spatial resolution satellite imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-16T11:28:06","indexId":"70041741","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying tree mortality in a mixed species woodland using multitemporal high spatial resolution satellite imagery","docAbstract":"Widespread tree mortality events have recently been observed in several biomes. To effectively quantify the severity and extent of these events, tools that allow for rapid assessment at the landscape scale are required. Past studies using high spatial resolution satellite imagery have primarily focused on detecting green, red, and gray tree canopies during and shortly after tree damage or mortality has occurred. However, detecting trees in various stages of death is not always possible due to limited availability of archived satellite imagery. Here we assess the capability of high spatial resolution satellite imagery for tree mortality detection in a southwestern U.S. mixed species woodland using archived satellite images acquired prior to mortality and well after dead trees had dropped their leaves. We developed a multistep classification approach that uses: supervised masking of non-tree image elements; bi-temporal (pre- and post-mortality) differencing of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and red:green ratio (RGI); and unsupervised multivariate clustering of pixels into live and dead tree classes using a Gaussian mixture model. Classification accuracies were improved in a final step by tuning the rules of pixel classification using the posterior probabilities of class membership obtained from the Gaussian mixture model. Classifications were produced for two images acquired post-mortality with overall accuracies of 97.9% and 98.5%, respectively. Classified images were combined with land cover data to characterize the spatiotemporal characteristics of tree mortality across areas with differences in tree species composition. We found that 38% of tree crown area was lost during the drought period between 2002 and 2006. The majority of tree mortality during this period was concentrated in piñon-juniper (<i>Pinus edulis-Juniperus monosperma</i>) woodlands. An additional 20% of the tree canopy died or was removed between 2006 and 2011, primarily in areas experiencing wildfire and management activity. -Our results demonstrate that unsupervised clustering of bi-temporal NDVI and RGI differences can be used to detect tree mortality resulting from numerous causes and in several forest cover types.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2012.10.029","usgsCitation":"Garrity, S.R., Allen, C.D., Brumby, S.P., Gangodagamage, C., McDowell, N.G., and Cai, D.M., 2013, Quantifying tree mortality in a mixed species woodland using multitemporal high spatial resolution satellite imagery: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 129, p. 54-65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.10.029.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"65","ipdsId":"IP-041894","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"129","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c8561ee4b03bc63bd679ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garrity, Steven R.","contributorId":43648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrity","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brumby, Steven P.","contributorId":31276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumby","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gangodagamage, Chandana","contributorId":60922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gangodagamage","given":"Chandana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McDowell, Nate G.","contributorId":46839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"Nate","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cai, D. Michael","contributorId":81383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cai","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70041583,"text":"70041583 - 2013 - Response of palila and other subalpine Hawaiian forest bird species to prolonged drought and habitat degradation by feral ungulates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-15T10:11:56","indexId":"70041583","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of palila and other subalpine Hawaiian forest bird species to prolonged drought and habitat degradation by feral ungulates","docAbstract":"Extinction has claimed half of all historically-known Hawaiian passerines, and today many extant species are increasingly threatened due to the combined effects of invasive species and climate change. Habitat disturbance has affected populations of feeding specialists most profoundly, and our results indicate that specialists continue to be most vulnerable, although even some abundant, introduced, generalist species also may be affected. Surveys of passerines during 1998–2011 in subalpine woodland habitat on Mauna Kea Volcano, Island of Hawai′i, revealed that the abundance of the critically endangered palila (<i>Loxioides bailleui</i>), a seed specialist, declined by 79% after 2003. The ′akiapōlā′au (<i>Hemignathus munroi</i>), an endangered specialist insectivore, was not detected in the survey area after 1998. The Hawai′i ′amakihi (<i>Hemignathus virens virens</i>), a generalist feeder and the most abundant species on Mauna Kea, was the only native species to maintain a stable population. The Japanese white-eye (<i>Zosterops japonicus</i>), a well-entrenched generalist and one of the three most common introduced species, declined. Drought prevailed in 74% of months during 2000–2011, and dry conditions contributed to the recent decline of the palila by reducing the annual māmane (<i>Sophora chrysophylla</i>) seed pod crop, which influences palila breeding and survival. Sustained browsing by introduced ungulates also lowered habitat carrying capacity, and their elimination should reduce the effects of drought and promote forest restoration. Our results illustrate how the feeding ecology of a species can influence its response to interacting environmental perturbations, and they underscore the value of long-term monitoring to detect population trends of sensitive species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2012.07.013","usgsCitation":"Banko, P.C., Camp, R., Farmer, C., Brinck, K., Leonard, D., and Stephens, R., 2013, Response of palila and other subalpine Hawaiian forest bird species to prolonged drought and habitat degradation by feral ungulates: Biological Conservation, v. 157, p. 70-77, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.07.013.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"77","ipdsId":"IP-038330","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263889,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263888,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.07.013"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -178.31,18.91 ], [ -178.31,28.4 ], [ -154.81,28.4 ], [ -154.81,18.91 ], [ -178.31,18.91 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"157","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c46198e4b0e44331d07178","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Camp, Richard J.","contributorId":27392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"Richard J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farmer, Chris cfarmer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"Chris","email":"cfarmer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":469947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brinck, Kevin W.","contributorId":78215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinck","given":"Kevin W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leonard, David L.","contributorId":105191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"David L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stephens, Robert M.","contributorId":11083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"Robert M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70041615,"text":"70041615 - 2013 - Hierarchical Bayesian spatial models for predicting multiple forest variables using waveform LiDAR, hyperspectral imagery, and large inventory datasets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-04T21:00:49","indexId":"70041615","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2027,"text":"International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical Bayesian spatial models for predicting multiple forest variables using waveform LiDAR, hyperspectral imagery, and large inventory datasets","docAbstract":"In this paper we detail a multivariate spatial regression model that couples LiDAR, hyperspectral and forest inventory data to predict forest outcome variables at a high spatial resolution. The proposed model is used to analyze forest inventory data collected on the US Forest Service Penobscot Experimental Forest (PEF), ME, USA. In addition to helping meet the regression model's assumptions, results from the PEF analysis suggest that the addition of multivariate spatial random effects improves model fit and predictive ability, compared with two commonly applied modeling approaches. This improvement results from explicitly modeling the covariation among forest outcome variables and spatial dependence among observations through the random effects. Direct application of such multivariate models to even moderately large datasets is often computationally infeasible because of cubic order matrix algorithms involved in estimation. We apply a spatial dimension reduction technique to help overcome this computational hurdle without sacrificing richness in modeling.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jag.2012.04.007","usgsCitation":"Finley, A., Banerjee, S., Cook, B.D., and Bradford, J.B., 2013, Hierarchical Bayesian spatial models for predicting multiple forest variables using waveform LiDAR, hyperspectral imagery, and large inventory datasets: International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, v. 22, p. 147-160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2012.04.007.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"160","ipdsId":"IP-032166","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2012.04.007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":263883,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263867,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2012.04.007"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot Experimental Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.08,42.97 ], [ -71.08,47.46 ], [ -66.95,47.46 ], [ -66.95,42.97 ], [ -71.08,42.97 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c4618be4b0e44331d0716c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finley, Andrew O.","contributorId":70666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"Andrew O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banerjee, Sudipto","contributorId":73894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banerjee","given":"Sudipto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cook, Bruce D.","contributorId":75402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041576,"text":"70041576 - 2013 - Global change effects on <i>Bromus tectorum</i> L. (Poaceae) at its high-elevation range margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-07T16:25:58","indexId":"70041576","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global change effects on <i>Bromus tectorum</i> L. (Poaceae) at its high-elevation range margin","docAbstract":"Global change is likely to affect invasive species distribution, especially at range margins. In the eastern Sierra Nevada, California, USA, the invasive annual grass, <i>Bromus tectorum</i>, is patchily distributed and its impacts have been minimal compared with other areas of the Intermountain West. We used a series of in situ field manipulations to determine how <i>B. tectorum</i> might respond to changing climatic conditions and increased nitrogen deposition at the high-elevation edge of its invaded range. Over 3 years, we used snow fences to simulate changes in snowpack, irrigation to simulate increased frequency and magnitude of springtime precipitation, and added nitrogen (N) at three levels (0, 5, and 10 g m<sup>-2</sup>) to natural patches of <i>B. tectorum</i> growing under the two dominant shrubs, <i>Artemisia tridentata</i> and <i>Purshia tridentata</i>, and in intershrub spaces (INTR). We found that <i>B. tectorum</i> seedling density in April was lower following deeper snowpack possibly due to delayed emergence, yet there was no change in spikelet production or biomass accumulation at the time of harvest. Additional spring rain events increased <i>B. tectorum</i> biomass and spikelet production in INTR plots only. Plants were primarily limited by water in 2009, but colimited by N and water in 2011, possibly due to differences in antecedent moisture conditions at the time of treatments. The threshold at which N had an effect varied with magnitude of water additions. Frequency of rain events was more influential than magnitude in driving <i>B. tectorum</i> growth and fecundity responses. Our results suggest that predicted shifts from snow to rain could facilitate expansion of <i>B. tectorum</i> at high elevation depending on timing of rain events and level of N deposition. We found evidence for P-limitation at this site and an increase in P-availability with N additions, suggesting that stoichiometric relationships may also influence <i>B. tectorum</i> spread.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12032","usgsCitation":"Concilio, A.L., Loik, M., and Belnap, J., 2013, Global change effects on <i>Bromus tectorum</i> L. (Poaceae) at its high-elevation range margin: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 1, p. 161-172, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12032.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"172","ipdsId":"IP-036997","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263864,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12032"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c31028e4b0b57f2415d196","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Concilio, Amy L.","contributorId":28871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Concilio","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loik, Michael E.","contributorId":101162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loik","given":"Michael E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041495,"text":"70041495 - 2013 - Changes in size and trends of North American sea duck populations associated with North Pacific oceanic regime shifts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-07T18:41:50","indexId":"70041495","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2660,"text":"Marine Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in size and trends of North American sea duck populations associated with North Pacific oceanic regime shifts","docAbstract":"Broad-scale multi-species declines in populations of North American sea ducks for unknown reasons is cause for management concern. Oceanic regime shifts have been associated with rapid changes in ecosystem structure of the North Pacific and Bering Sea. However, relatively little is known about potential effects of these changes in oceanic conditions on marine bird populations at broad scales. I examined changes in North American breeding populations of sea ducks from 1957 to 2011 in relation to potential oceanic regime shifts in the North Pacific in 1977, 1989, and 1998. There was strong support for population-level effects of regime shifts in 1977 and 1989, but little support for an effect of the 1998 shift. The continental-level effects of these regime shifts differed across species groups and time. Based on patterns of sea duck population dynamics associated with regime shifts, it is unclear if the mechanism of change relates to survival or reproduction. Results of this analysis support the hypothesis that population size and trends of North American sea ducks are strongly influenced by oceanic conditions. The perceived population declines appear to have halted >20 years ago, and populations have been relatively stable or increasing since that time. Given these results, we should reasonably expect dramatic changes in sea duck population status and trends with future oceanic regime shifts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00227-012-2062-y","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., 2013, Changes in size and trends of North American sea duck populations associated with North Pacific oceanic regime shifts: Marine Biology, v. 160, no. 1, p. 59-65, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-2062-y.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"65","ipdsId":"IP-040286","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263798,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-2062-y"}],"volume":"160","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c31009e4b0b57f2415d17e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70041497,"text":"70041497 - 2013 - Terrestrial and marine trophic pathways support young-of-year growth in a nearshore Arctic fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-12T16:13:48","indexId":"70041497","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Terrestrial and marine trophic pathways support young-of-year growth in a nearshore Arctic fish","docAbstract":"River discharge supplies nearshore communities with a terrestrial carbon source that is often reflected in invertebrate and fish consumers. Recent studies in the Beaufort Sea have documented widespread terrestrial carbon use among invertebrates, but only limited use among nearshore fish consumers. Here, we examine the carbon source and diet of rapidly growing young-of-year Arctic cisco (<i>Coregonus autumnalis</i>) using stable isotope values (δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N) from muscle and diet analysis (stomach contents) during a critical and previously unsampled life stage. Stable isotope values (δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C) may differentiate between terrestrial and marine sources and integrate over longer time frames (weeks). Diet analysis provides species-specific information, but only from recent foraging (days). Average δ<sup>13</sup>C for all individuals was −25.7 ‰, with the smallest individuals possessing significantly depleted δ<sup>13</sup>C values indicative of a stronger reliance of terrestrial carbon sources as compared to larger individuals. Average δ<sup>15</sup>N for all individuals was 10.4 ‰, with little variation among individuals. As fish length increased, the proportion of offshore <i>Calanus</i> prey and neritic <i>Mysis</i> prey increased. Rapid young-of-year growth in Arctic cisco appears to use terrestrial carbon sources obtained by consuming a mixture of neritic and offshore zooplankton. Shifts in the magnitude or phenology of river discharge and the delivery of terrestrial carbon may alter the ecology of nearshore fish consumers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polar Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00300-012-1244-x","usgsCitation":"von Biela, V.R., Zimmerman, C.E., Cohn, B.R., and Welker, J., 2013, Terrestrial and marine trophic pathways support young-of-year growth in a nearshore Arctic fish: Polar Biology, v. 36, no. 1, p. 137-146, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-012-1244-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"146","ipdsId":"IP-040605","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F74F1NVS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Arctic cisco stomach content data, Prudhoe Bay, August 2009"},{"id":438794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CZ3571","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Arctic cisco stable isotope data, Prudhoe Bay August 2009"},{"id":263838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263837,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-012-1244-x"}],"otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156.11,66.35 ], [ -156.11,74.68 ], [ -104.0,74.68 ], [ -104.0,66.35 ], [ -156.11,66.35 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c3103de4b0b57f2415d1a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"von Biela, Vanessa R. 0000-0002-7139-5981 vvonbiela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-5981","contributorId":3104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Biela","given":"Vanessa","email":"vvonbiela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cohn, Brian R.","contributorId":91381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Welker, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":93790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welker","given":"Jeffrey M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041492,"text":"70041492 - 2013 - Warming and the dependence of limber pine (<i>Pinus flexilis</i>) establishment on summer soil moisture within and above its current elevation range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-04T20:57:43","indexId":"70041492","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Warming and the dependence of limber pine (<i>Pinus flexilis</i>) establishment on summer soil moisture within and above its current elevation range","docAbstract":"Continued changes in climate are projected to alter the geographic distributions of plant species, in part by affecting where individuals can establish from seed. We tested the hypothesis that warming promotes uphill redistribution of subalpine tree populations by reducing cold limitation at high elevation and enhancing drought stress at low elevation. We seeded limber pine (Pinus flexilis) into plots with combinations of infrared heating and water addition treatments, at sites positioned in lower subalpine forest, the treeline ecotone, and alpine tundra. In 2010, first-year seedlings were assessed for physiological performance and survival over the snow-free growing season. Seedlings emerged in midsummer, about 5–8 weeks after snowmelt. Low temperature was not observed to limit seedling photosynthesis or respiration between emergence and October, and thus experimental warming did not appear to reduce cold limitation at high elevation. Instead, gas exchange and water potential from all sites indicated a prevailing effect of summer moisture stress on photosynthesis and carbon balance. Infrared heaters raised soil growing degree days (base 5 °C, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and August–September mean soil temperature (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Despite marked differences in vegetation cover and meteorological conditions across sites, volumetric soil moisture content (θ) at 5–10 cm below 0.16 and 0.08 m<sup>3</sup> m<sup>-3</sup> consistently corresponded with moderate and severe indications of drought stress in midday stem water potential, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, and respiration. Seedling survival was greater in watered plots than in heated plots (<i>p</i> = 0.01), and negatively related to soil growing degree days and duration of exposure to θ < 0.08 m<sup>3</sup> m<sup>-3</sup> in a stepwise linear regression model (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). We concluded that seasonal moisture stress and high soil surface temperature imposed a strong limitation to limber pine seedling establishment across a broad elevation gradient, including at treeline, and that these limitations are likely to be enhanced by further climate warming.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00442-012-2410-0","usgsCitation":"Moyes, A.B., Castanha, C., Germino, M., and Kueppers, L.M., 2013, Warming and the dependence of limber pine (<i>Pinus flexilis</i>) establishment on summer soil moisture within and above its current elevation range: Oecologia, v. 171, no. 1, p. 271-282, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2410-0.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"282","ipdsId":"IP-037110","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263779,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2410-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Niwot Ridge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.1952,39.8473 ], [ -106.1952,40.9977 ], [ -105.1904,40.9977 ], [ -105.1904,39.8473 ], [ -106.1952,39.8473 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"171","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c31043e4b0b57f2415d1aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyes, Andrew B.","contributorId":66981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moyes","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":16805,"text":"University of California, Merced","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6670,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castanha, Cristina","contributorId":104787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castanha","given":"Cristina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Germino, Matthew J.","contributorId":50029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kueppers, Lara M.","contributorId":89778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kueppers","given":"Lara","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6670,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":16805,"text":"University of California, Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70162404,"text":"70162404 - 2013 - Phosphorus losses from agricultural watersheds in the Mississippi Delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T15:14:54","indexId":"70162404","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-06T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phosphorus losses from agricultural watersheds in the Mississippi Delta","docAbstract":"<p><span>Phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural fields is of environmental concern because of its potential impact on water quality in streams and lakes. The Mississippi Delta has long been known for its fish productivity and recreational value, but high levels of P in fresh water can lead to algal blooms that have many detrimental effects on natural ecosystems. Algal blooms interfere with recreational and aesthetic water use. However, few studies have evaluated P losses from agricultural watersheds in the Mississippi Delta. To better understand the processes influencing P loss, rainfall, surface runoff, sediment, ortho-P (orthophosphate, PO</span><sub>4</sub><span>&ndash;P), and total P (TP) were measured (water years 1996&ndash;2000) for two subwatersheds (UL1 and UL2) of the Deep Hollow Lake Watershed and one subwatershed of the Beasley Lake Watershed (BL3) primarily in cotton production in the Mississippi Delta. Ortho-P concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 1.0&nbsp;mg/L with a mean of 0.17&nbsp;mg/L at UL1 (17.0&nbsp;ha), 0.36&nbsp;mg/L at UL2 (11.2&nbsp;ha) and 0.12&nbsp;mg/L at BL3 (7.2&nbsp;ha). The TP concentrations ranged from 0.14 to 7.9&nbsp;mg/L with a mean of 0.96&nbsp;mg/L at UL1, 1.1&nbsp;mg/L at UL2 and 1.29&nbsp;mg/L at BL3. Among the three sites, UL1 and UL2 received P&nbsp;application in October 1998, and BL3 received P applications in the spring of 1998 and 1999. At UL1, ortho-P concentrations were 0.36, 0.25 and 0.16 for the first, second and third rainfall events after P&nbsp;application, respectively; At UL2, ortho-P concentrations were 1.0, 0.66 and 0.65 for the first, second and third rainfall events after P application, respectively; and at BL3, ortho-P concentrations were 0.11, 0.22 and 0.09 for the first, second and third rainfall events after P application, respectively. P fertilizer application did influence P losses, but high P concentrations observed in surface runoff were not always a direct result of P fertilizer application or high rainfall. Application of P in the fall (UL1 and UL2) resulted in more ortho-P losses, likely because high rainfall often occurred in the winter months soon after application. The mean ortho-P concentrations were higher at UL1 and UL2 than those at BL3, although BL3 received more P application during the monitoring period, because P was applied in spring at BL3. However, tillage associated with planting and incorporating applied P in the spring (BL3) may have resulted in more TP loss in sediment, thus the mean TP concentration was the highest at BL3. Ortho-P loss was correlated with surface runoff; and TP loss was correlated with sediment loss. These results indicate that applying P fertilizer in the spring may be recommended to reduce potential ortho-P loss during the fallow winter season; in addition, conservation practices may reduce potential TP loss associated with soil loss.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Oxford, UK","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.10.028","usgsCitation":"Yuan, Y., Locke, M.A., Bingner, R.L., and Rebich, R.A., 2013, Phosphorus losses from agricultural watersheds in the Mississippi Delta: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 115, p. 14-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.10.028.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042679","costCenters":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314695,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","county":"Leflore County, Sunflower County","otherGeospatial":"Beasley Lake watershed, Deep Hollow Lake watershed, Mississippi Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.76492309570312,\n              33.27084277265288\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.76492309570312,\n              33.47956309444182\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.09201049804688,\n              33.47956309444182\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.09201049804688,\n              33.27084277265288\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.76492309570312,\n              33.27084277265288\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"115","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a360c0e4b0b28f1183bc12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuan, Yongping","contributorId":75799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"Yongping","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Locke, Martin A.","contributorId":152468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Locke","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bingner, Ronald L.","contributorId":152469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bingner","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rebich, Richard A. 0000-0003-4256-7171 rarebich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4256-7171","contributorId":2315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rebich","given":"Richard","email":"rarebich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":589416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041369,"text":"70041369 - 2013 - Disturbance metrics predict a wetland Vegetation Index of Biotic Integrity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-04T11:45:22","indexId":"70041369","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disturbance metrics predict a wetland Vegetation Index of Biotic Integrity","docAbstract":"Indices of biological integrity of wetlands based on vascular plants (VIBIs) have been developed in many areas in the USA. Knowledge of the best predictors of VIBIs would enable management agencies to make better decisions regarding mitigation site selection and performance monitoring criteria. We use a novel statistical technique to develop predictive models for an established index of wetland vegetation integrity (Ohio VIBI), using as independent variables 20 indices and metrics of habitat quality, wetland disturbance, and buffer area land use from 149 wetlands in Ohio, USA. For emergent and forest wetlands, predictive models explained 61% and 54% of the variability, respectively, in Ohio VIBI scores. In both cases the most important predictor of Ohio VIBI score was a metric that assessed habitat alteration and development in the wetland. Of secondary importance as a predictor was a metric that assessed microtopography, interspersion, and quality of vegetation communities in the wetland. Metrics and indices assessing disturbance and land use of the buffer area were generally poor predictors of Ohio VIBI scores. Our results suggest that vegetation integrity of emergent and forest wetlands could be most directly enhanced by minimizing substrate and habitat disturbance within the wetland. Such efforts could include reducing or eliminating any practices that disturb the soil profile, such as nutrient enrichment from adjacent farm land, mowing, grazing, or cutting or removing woody plants.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.06.009","usgsCitation":"Stapanian, M.A., Mack, J., Adams, J.V., Gara, B., and Micacchion, M., 2013, Disturbance metrics predict a wetland Vegetation Index of Biotic Integrity: Ecological Indicators, v. 24, p. 120-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.06.009.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"120","endPage":"126","ipdsId":"IP-038434","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263671,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.06.009"}],"volume":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfb876e4b01744973f7792","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapanian, Martin A. 0000-0001-8173-4273 mstapanian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-4273","contributorId":3425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"Martin","email":"mstapanian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mack, John","contributorId":47665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gara, Brian","contributorId":52061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gara","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Micacchion, Mick","contributorId":21511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Micacchion","given":"Mick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041314,"text":"70041314 - 2013 - Effects of road decommissioning on carbon stocks, losses, and emissions in north coastal California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T14:39:47","indexId":"70041314","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of road decommissioning on carbon stocks, losses, and emissions in north coastal California","docAbstract":"During the last 3 decades, many road removal projects have been implemented on public and private lands in the United States to reduce erosion and other impacts from abandoned or unmaintained forest roads. Although effective in decreasing sediment production from roads, such activities have a carbon (C) cost as well as representing a carbon savings for an ecosystem. We assessed the carbon budget implications of 30 years of road decommissioning in Redwood National Park in north coastal California. Road restoration techniques, which evolved during the program, were associated with various carbon costs and savings. Treatment of 425 km of logging roads from 1979 to 2009 saved 72,000 megagrams (Mg) C through on-site soil erosion prevention, revegetation, and soil development on formerly compacted roads. Carbon sequestration will increase in time as forests and soils develop more fully on the restored sites. The carbon cost for this road decommissioning work, based on heavy equipment and vehicle fuel emissions, short-term soil loss, and clearing of vegetation, was 23,000 Mg C, resulting in a net carbon savings of 49,000 Mg C to date. Nevertheless, the degree to which soil loss is a carbon sink or source in steep mountainous watersheds needs to be further examined. The ratio of carbon costs to savings will differ by ecosystem and road removal methodology, but the procedure outlined here to assess carbon budgets on restoration sites should be transferable to other systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Restoration Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1526-100X.2012.00911.x","usgsCitation":"Madej, M.A., Seney, J., and van Mantgem, P., 2013, Effects of road decommissioning on carbon stocks, losses, and emissions in north coastal California: Restoration Ecology, v. 21, no. 4, p. 439-446, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2012.00911.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"439","endPage":"446","ipdsId":"IP-036690","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263636,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2012.00911.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bdc9f9e4b0f63017347673","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madej, Mary Ann 0000-0003-2831-3773 mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-3773","contributorId":40304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madej","given":"Mary","email":"mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seney, Joseph","contributorId":53265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seney","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Mantgem, Philip","contributorId":17506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Philip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70056383,"text":"70056383 - 2013 - Regional geophysical expression of a carbonatite terrane in the eastern Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T15:05:12.405412","indexId":"70056383","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T09:34:18","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Regional geophysical expression of a carbonatite terrane in the eastern Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"<p>A world-class, rare earth element carbonatite deposit is located near Mountain Pass, in the eastern Mojave Desert of California and is hosted by Proterozoic rocks that extend along the eastern margins of the Clark Mountain Range, Mescal Range, and Ivanpah Mountains in a north-northwest trending fault-bounded block. This Proterozoic block is generally composed of a complex of 1.7 - 1.6 Ga gneisses and schists that are intruded by ~1.4 Ga carbonatite and ultrapotassic mafic dikes. In the latter suite, common intrusive rock types include shonkinite, syenite, and alkali granites that are associated with carbonatite dikes. Regional geophysical data reveal that the carbonatite deposit itself occurs along the northeast edge of a prominent magnetic high with an amplitude of 200 nanoteslas, which appears to be related to the surrounding Proterozoic block. More than 340 gravity stations and 155 physical property samples were collected to augment existing geophysical data to determine the geophysical and geologic setting of the eastern Mojave Desert carbonatite terrane. Physical properties of representative rock types in the area show that 23 samples of carbonatite ore have an average saturated bulk density of 2,866 with a range of 2,440 to 3,192 kg/m<sup>3</sup> and a magnetic susceptibility of 0.22 with a range of 0.03 to 0.61x 10<sup>-3</sup> SI units, 17 samples of syenite have an average saturated bulk density of 2,670 with a range of 2,555 to 2,788 kg/m<sup>3</sup> and a magnetic susceptibility of 3.50 with a range of 0.19 to 11.46 x 10<sup>-3</sup> SI units, 19 samples of shonkinite dike have an average saturated bulk density of 2,800 with a range of 2,603 to 3,000 kg/m<sup>3</sup> and a magnetic susceptibility of 0.71 with a range of 0.00 to 4.44 x 10<sup>-3</sup> SI units, and 28 samples of Proterozoic gneiss have an average saturated bulk density of 2,734 with a range of 2,574 to 3,086 kg/m<sup>3</sup> and a magnetic susceptibility of 1.23 with a range of 0.01 to 7.48 x 10<sup>-3</sup> SI units. In general, carbonatites have distinctive gravity, magnetic, and radiometric signatures because these deposits are relatively dense, have primary magnetite, and are enriched in thorium or uranium. In this case, because the carbonatite rocks in this Proterozoic terrane are themselves essentially nonmagnetic, they are not the source of the magnetic high associated with the Clark Mountain and Mescal Ranges. Instead, we suggest that weakly to moderately magnetic syenite intrusions or other granitic or metamorphic rocks in the region are the source of the magnetic high. Gravity data indicate that basins within the eastern Mojave carbonatite terrane are complicated. For example, a gravity high in the northern part of Ivanapah Valley suggest that the basin is underlain by shallow basement rocks, whereas the southern part of Ivanpah Valley extends to a depth of about 2 km. Combined gravity, magnetic, and geologic studies improve the current geophysical framework and structural interpretation of the eastern Mojave Desert carbonatite terrane.</p>","conferenceTitle":"American Geophysical Union 45th Annual Fall Meeting","conferenceDate":"December 12, 2012","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Ponce, D.A., Denton, K.M., and Miller, D., 2013, Regional geophysical expression of a carbonatite terrane in the eastern Mojave Desert, California.","ipdsId":"IP-051611","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289415,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.9789,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,34.1607 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b67b7fe4b014fc094d5471","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Denton, Kevin M. 0000-0001-9604-4021 kmdenton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9604-4021","contributorId":5303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denton","given":"Kevin","email":"kmdenton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":1707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041097,"text":"70041097 - 2013 - Lower-crustal xenoliths from Jurassic kimberlite diatremes, upper Michigan (USA): Evidence for Proterozoic orogenesis and plume magmatism in the lower crust of the southern Superior Province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-04T20:33:10","indexId":"70041097","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lower-crustal xenoliths from Jurassic kimberlite diatremes, upper Michigan (USA): Evidence for Proterozoic orogenesis and plume magmatism in the lower crust of the southern Superior Province","docAbstract":"Jurassic kimberlites in the southern Superior Province in northern Michigan contain a variety of possible lower-crustal xenoliths, including mafic garnet granulites, rare garnet-free granulites, amphibolites and eclogites. Whole-rock major-element data for the granulites suggest affinities with tholeiitic basalts. P–T estimates for granulites indicate peak temperatures of 690–730°C and pressures of 9–12 kbar, consistent with seismic estimates of crustal thickness in the region. The granulites can be divided into two groups based on trace-element characteristics. Group 1 granulites have trace-element signatures similar to average Archean lower crust; they are light rare earth element (LREE)-enriched, with high La/Nb ratios and positive Pb anomalies. Most plot to the left of the geochron on a <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>€204</sup>Pb vs <sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>€204</sup>Pb diagram, and there was probably widespread incorporation of Proterozoic to Archean components into the magmatic protoliths of these rocks. Although the age of the Group 1 granulites is not well constrained, their protoliths appear to be have been emplaced during the Mesoproterozoic and to be older than those for Group 2 granulites. Group 2 granulites are also LREE-enriched, but have strong positive Nb and Ta anomalies and low La/Nb ratios, suggesting intraplate magmatic affinities. They have trace-element characteristics similar to those of some Mid-Continent Rift (Keweenawan) basalts. They yield a Sm–Nd whole-rock errorchron age of 1046 ± 140 Ma, similar to that of Mid-Continent Rift plume magmatism. These granulites have unusually radiogenic Pb isotope compositions that plot above the <sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>€204</sup>Pb vs <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>€204</sup>Pb growth curve and to the right of the 4·55 Ga geochron, and closely resemble the Pb isotope array defined by Mid-Continent Rift basalts. These Pb isotope data indicate that ancient continental lower crust is not uniformly depleted in U (and Th) relative to Pb. One granulite xenolith, S69-5, contains quartz, and has a unique peraluminous composition. It has the lowest εNd and εHf values of the suite. Its isotopic compositions indicate that it is significantly older than the other granulites. Broken zircon cores encased by younger overgrowths suggest that this granulite includes a large component of pre-existing sedimentary rocks. Two distinct populations of zircons from S69-5 were dated by sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe. Abundant rounded zircons yield ages of 1104 ± 42 (2σ) Ma, which coincide with the Mid-Continent Rift flood basalt eruptions. Their morphology is similar to those found in lower-crustal rocks that have undergone granulite-facies metamorphism and thus they are considered to represent the age of Group 2 granulites. Also present are less abundant elongate zircon grains that yield a mean age of 1387 ± 32 (2σ) Ma. Their elongate shapes indicate growth from a melt or fluid, possibly associated with 1·3–1·5 Ga anorogenic granite magmatism exposed in the shallow crust to the south in Wisconsin, or related to an initial encroachment of the Keweenawan plume upon the lower crust. Older ages recognized in zircon cores are less well constrained but may be related to tectono-magmatic events in the southern Superior craton. Within the studied suite only S69-5 was recognized as a remnant of the Late Archean lower crust into which the Group 1 and 2 mafic granulite precursor basalts were intruded. Collectively, the data show that the lower crust beneath northern Michigan formed in Archean times and underwent a variety of tectono-magmatic processes throughout the Proterozoic, including orogenesis, partial melting and mafic magmatic underplating in response to upwelling mantle plumes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Journals","publisherLocation":"Oxford, U.K.","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egs079","usgsCitation":"Zartman, R.E., Kempton, P.D., Paces, J.B., Downes, H., Williams, I.S., Dobosi, G., and Futa, K., 2013, Lower-crustal xenoliths from Jurassic kimberlite diatremes, upper Michigan (USA): Evidence for Proterozoic orogenesis and plume magmatism in the lower crust of the southern Superior Province: Journal of Petrology, v. 54, no. 3, p. 575-608, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egs079.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"575","endPage":"608","ipdsId":"IP-040583","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egs079","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":263561,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263560,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egs079"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.42,41.7 ], [ -90.42,48.29 ], [ -82.41,48.29 ], [ -82.41,41.7 ], [ -90.42,41.7 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50dfa812e4b0dfbe79e6e4a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zartman, Robert E.","contributorId":47356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kempton, Pamela D.","contributorId":80994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kempton","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paces, James B. 0000-0002-9809-8493 jbpaces@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":2514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"James","email":"jbpaces@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Downes, Hilary","contributorId":13508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downes","given":"Hilary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, Ian S.","contributorId":77439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dobosi, Gabor","contributorId":47264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobosi","given":"Gabor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Futa, Kiyoto 0000-0001-8649-7510 kfuta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8649-7510","contributorId":619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Futa","given":"Kiyoto","email":"kfuta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70003347,"text":"70003347 - 2013 - Elk herbivory alters small mammal assemblages in high elevation drainages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T14:53:18.662585","indexId":"70003347","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elk herbivory alters small mammal assemblages in high elevation drainages","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"jane12009-list-0001\" class=\"numbered\">\n<li>Heavy herbivory by ungulates can substantially alter habitat, but the indirect consequences of habitat modification for animal assemblages that rely on that habitat are not well studied. This is a particularly important topic given that climate change can alter plant&ndash;herbivore interactions.</li>\n<li>We explored short-term responses of small mammal communities to recent exclusion of Rocky Mountain elk (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) in high-elevation riparian drainages in northern Arizona, where elk impacts on vegetation have increased over the past quarter century associated with climate change. We used 10-ha elk exclosures paired with unfenced control drainages to examine how browsing influenced the habitat use, relative abundance, richness and diversity of a small mammal assemblage.</li>\n<li>We found that the small mammal assemblage changed significantly after 5&nbsp;years of elk exclusion. Relative abundance of voles (<i>Microtus mexicanus</i>) increased in exclosure drainages, likely due to an increase in habitat quality. The relative abundances of woodrats (<i>Neotoma neomexicana</i>) and two species of mice (<i>Peromyscus maniculatus and P.&nbsp;boylii</i>) decreased in the controls, while remaining stable in exclosures. The decline of mice in control drainages was likely due to the decline in shrub cover that they use. Thus, elk exclusion may have maintained or improved habitat for mice inside the exclosures while habitat quality and mouse abundance both declined outside the fences. Finally, small mammal species richness increased in the exclosures relative to the controls while species diversity showed no significant trends.</li>\n<li>Together, our results show that relaxation of heavy herbivore pressure by a widespread native ungulate can lead to rapid changes in small mammal assemblages. Moreover, exclusion of large herbivores can yield rapid responses by vegetation that may enhance or maintain habitat quality for small mammal populations.</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.12009","usgsCitation":"Parsons, E.W., Maron, J.L., and Martin, T.E., 2013, Elk herbivory alters small mammal assemblages in high elevation drainages: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 82, no. 2, p. 459-467, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12009.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"467","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025099","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267610,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Coconino National Forest, Mogollon Rim","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.98976790224913,\n              34.66631325715505\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.94535514940115,\n              34.778258341216784\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.30657887256514,\n              35.39847998439305\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.59082049079217,\n              35.369512581770564\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.47534733338763,\n              34.75150265561764\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1437321121223,\n              34.617594225628736\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.98976790224913,\n              34.66631325715505\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5120b871e4b0e93254cd7543","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, Elliott W.R.","contributorId":49681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Elliott","email":"","middleInitial":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maron, John L.","contributorId":103936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maron","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Thomas E. 0000-0002-4028-4867 tmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4028-4867","contributorId":1208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Thomas","email":"tmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042684,"text":"70042684 - 2013 - Cancer risk from incidental ingestion exposures to PAHs associated with coal-tar-sealed pavement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-21T16:45:11.0082","indexId":"70042684","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cancer risk from incidental ingestion exposures to PAHs associated with coal-tar-sealed pavement","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent (2009–10) studies documented significantly higher concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in settled house dust in living spaces and soil adjacent to parking lots sealed with coal-tar-based products. To date, no studies have examined the potential human health effects of PAHs from these products in dust and soil. Here we present the results of an analysis of potential cancer risk associated with incidental ingestion exposures to PAHs in settings near coal-tar-sealed pavement. Exposures to benzo[</span><i>a</i><span>]pyrene equivalents were characterized across five scenarios. The central tendency estimate of excess cancer risk resulting from lifetime exposures to soil and dust from nondietary ingestion in these settings exceeded 1 × 10</span><sup>–4</sup><span>, as determined using deterministic and probabilistic methods. Soil was the primary driver of risk, but according to probabilistic calculations, reasonable maximum exposure to affected house dust in the first 6 years of life was sufficient to generate an estimated excess lifetime cancer risk of 6 × 10</span><sup>–5</sup><span>. Our results indicate that the presence of coal-tar-based pavement sealants is associated with significant increases in estimated excess lifetime cancer risk for nearby residents. Much of this calculated excess risk arises from exposures to PAHs in early childhood (i.e., 0–6 years of age).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1021/es303371t","usgsCitation":"Williams, E.S., Mahler, B., and Van Metre, P., 2013, Cancer risk from incidental ingestion exposures to PAHs associated with coal-tar-sealed pavement: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 47, no. 2, p. 1101-1109, https://doi.org/10.1021/es303371t.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1101","endPage":"1109","ipdsId":"IP-041619","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474063,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/es303371t","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":267587,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511f670be4b03b29402c5daa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, E. Spencer","contributorId":53640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Spencer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahler, Barbara 0000-0002-9150-9552 bjmahler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-9552","contributorId":1249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"Barbara","email":"bjmahler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C.","contributorId":34104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041053,"text":"70041053 - 2013 - Thermokarst lakes, drainage, and drained basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T16:48:36","indexId":"70041053","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Thermokarst lakes, drainage, and drained basins","docAbstract":"Thermokarst lakes and drained lake basins are widespread in Arctic and sub-Arctic permafrost lowlands with ice-rich sediments. Thermokarst lake formation is a dominant mode of permafrost degradation and is linked to surface disturbance, subsequent melting of ground ice, surface subsidence, water impoundment, and positive feedbacks between lake growth and permafrost thaw, whereas lake drainage generally results in local permafrost aggradation. Thermokarst lakes characteristically have unique limnological, morphological, and biogeochemical characteristics that are closely tied to cold-climate conditions and permafrost properties. Thermokarst lakes also have a tendency toward complete or partial drainage through permafrost degradation and erosion. Thermokarst lake dynamics strongly affect the development of landscape geomorphology, hydrology, and the habitat characteristic of permafrost lowlands.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Treatise on Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-374739-6.00216-5","isbn":"978-0-12-374739-6","usgsCitation":"Grosse, G., Jones, B.M., and Arp, C.D., 2013, Thermokarst lakes, drainage, and drained basins, chap. <i>of</i> Treatise on Geomorphology, v. 8, p. 325-353, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374739-6.00216-5.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"353","numberOfPages":"29","ipdsId":"IP-035844","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281018,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374739-6.00216-5"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,22.7 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,22.7 ], [ -180.0,22.7 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd78e5e4b0b2908510c74c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Shroder, John F.","contributorId":113549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shroder","given":"John F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509105,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":101475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","affiliations":[{"id":34291,"text":"University of Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arp, Christopher D.","contributorId":17330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arp","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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