Spawning stock biomass (SSB) is often used as an index for reproductive potential (RP) in fisheries stock assessments. This method assumes that mature female biomass is proportional to total egg production and implies that (1) the fecundity–length relationship follows a cubic function or (2) relative fecundity is constant. For many marine fishes, adequate fecundity estimates to evaluate these relationships are lacking. This study estimated fecundity and fecundity relationships for Yelloweye Rockfish Sebastes ruberrimus and evaluated an automated method of counting eggs and larvae. We collected Yelloweye Rockfish ovaries (N = 90) from the northern Gulf of Alaska, including Prince William Sound, Alaska, during 2018–2019 and used the gravimetric method and image analysis software to count eggs from digital camera images. To evaluate the speed, accuracy, and precision of the automated counting procedure, one-third of the gravimetric samples were also manually counted. Image analysis software was approximately four times faster but equally accurate and precise for fecundity estimates relative to manual counts. Fecundity ranged from 53,249 to 3.052 × 106 eggs (mean ± SD = 896,762 ± 699,504 eggs), and relative fecundity increased with female FL and ranged from 68 to 435 eggs/g of body weight (mean ± SD = 226 ± 87 eggs/g). The use of SSB for Yelloweye Rockfish stock assessment could underestimate the contribution to egg production by larger (>5.6-kg) females, overestimate the contribution by smaller females, and lead to biased biological reference points. This study provides critical information to more realistically model RP and improve stock assessment inputs for the development of harvest control rules for Yelloweye Rockfish. Additionally, the use of image analysis software to count eggs in digital images proved to be an effective fecundity estimation method that could be applied to other highly fecund fish species for which the time demand of manual counting methods would be prohibitive.
Humans have exaggerated natural habitat fragmentation, negatively impacting species dispersal and reducing population connectivity. Habitat fragmentation can be especially detrimental in freshwater populations, whose dispersal is already constrained by the river network structure. Aquatic insects, for instance, are generally limited to two primary modes of dispersal: downstream drift in the aquatic juvenile life stages and flight during the terrestrial winged adult stage. Yet the impacts of large hydropower dams can make rivers uninhabitable for incoming (drifting) juvenile insects, with remaining refugia found only in tributaries. The ability of adult aquatic insects to traverse such river stretches in search of suitable tributary habitat likely depends on factors such as species-specific dispersal ability and distance between tributaries. To explore the intersection of natural and human-induced habitat fragmentation on aquatic insect dispersal ability, we quantified population genetics of three taxa with varying dispersal abilities, a caddisfly (Hydropsychidae, Hydropsyche oslari), a mayfly (Baetidae: Fallceon quilleri), and a water strider (Veliidae: Rhagovelia distincta), throughout tributaries of the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA. Using 2bRAD reduced genome sequencing and landscape genetics analyses, we revealed a strong pattern of isolation by distance among mayfly populations. This contrasts with caddisfly and water strider populations, which were largely panmictic. Analysis of thousands of informative single nucleotide polymorphisms showed that realized dispersal ability may not be accurately predicted by species traits for these widespread species. Principal components analysis revealed a strong division between caddisfly populations upstream and downstream of Havasu Creek (279 km through the 390 km study reach), suggesting that the geography of the Grand Canyon imposes a dispersal barrier for this species. Our use of genetic tools in the Grand Canyon to understand population structure has enabled us to elucidate dispersal barriers for aquatic insects. Ultimately, these data may be useful in informing effective conservation management plans for understudied organisms of conservation interest.
Species with especially close dependence on the environment to meet physiological requirements, such as ectotherms, are highly susceptible to the impacts of climate change. Climate change is occurring rapidly in the Subarctic and Arctic, but there is limited knowledge on ectotherm physiology in these landscapes. We investigated how environmental conditions and habitat characteristics influence the physiological conditions and habitat use of wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) in a Subarctic landscape near Churchill, Manitoba (Canada). We used plaster models to estimate water loss rates and surface body temperatures among different habitat types and at specific locations used by radio-tracked frogs. Water loss (R2 = 0.67) and surface temperature (R2 = 0.80) of plaster models was similar to that of live frogs. Model-based water loss rates were greater in tundra habitat than in boreal forest and ecotone habitat. Habitat use of wood frogs was strongly tied with available surface moisture and decreased water loss rates that were observed with plaster models. Environmental conditions, such as wind speed and ground temperature, explained 58% and 91% of the variation in water balance and temperature of plaster models. Maintaining physiological conditions may be challenging for semi-aquatic ectotherms in environments vulnerable to future climate change. The ability to predict physiological conditions based on environmental conditions, as demonstrated in our study, can help understand how wildlife will respond to climatic changes.
Wetlands play a vital role in Earth's carbon cycle and provide important ecosystem services. Their ability to perform their roles can be compromised by human activities that destroy or impair their functioning. The restoration of degraded wetlands may allow carbon cycle functioning, as well as other services, to be recovered. Predicting the potential outcomes from any restoration project requires upfront consideration, including via modeling possible changes in carbon stocks. In this study, we quantified the carbon stocks in tall shrub vegetation proliferating in a degraded salt marsh that is currently the subject of an extensive restoration project. We produced allometric models to estimate biomass and carbon stocks for three tall shrub species, which, along with other freshwater and upland species in the area, will die with continued restoration. Therefore, estimating the potential for carbon losses in biomass is important. We also developed a means of estimating carbon stocks in other nontree plants in the estuary area. Useful equations for estimating the biomass of tall shrubs are limited in general and lacking for degraded systems. Our study adds to the literature on carbon stocks in shrub species and fills a data gap for degraded ecosystems. It also contributes to the broader carbon feasibility study of the aforementioned restoration project that was designed to predict the overall net impact of the project on greenhouse gas emissions in the ecosystem.
Natural Trap Cave, located in the Big Horn Mountains of north-central Wyoming, has a history of trapping and preserving a range of North American fauna that plummeted into the deep vertical entrance. These animal remains were buried and preserved within sediments of the main chamber and, in turn, have helped elucidate the procession of faunal dynamics during the latest glacial cycle. The cave location, south of the Laurentide and Cordilleran Ice Sheets, and proximal to Yellowstone, is at an ideal geographical juncture to provide insights to ecological changes in North America. The sediments that the animals are buried in inform us about transport and deposition both inside and outside of the cave that relate to catchment dynamics. We report on a series of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages derived from samples obtained within the cave during excavation work in 2014 and in 2018. We also examine chronology produced by argon, tephrochronology, fission track, and luminescence techniques that have been used for understanding the infilling of the cave. The cave sediment ages and in situ measured gamma spectroscopy as measured in this study helped resolve an improved chronological age model when combined with previous data.
The suite of OSL ages is interpreted through the stratigraphic relationships (and vertebrates contained within) which requires the use of an adequate age model; we use either the central age model or minimum age model where appropriate and with justification. Lowest sediments are dated to ∼150 ka with a hiatus at ∼130 to 52 ka. Above this, sediment deposition and entrainment of paleontological materials are representative of Pleistocene and early Holocene times, between 37 ± 6 ka and 7.6 ± 0.5 ka. The stratigraphic architecture suggests that deposition of materials into the cave is episodic and rapid, followed by quiescent periods where hydrologic scour, heavy overland flow, or possibly a cryo-hydrologic process may have altered unit relationships. Thus, the complementary geochronometers and the characteristics of quartz versus feldspar luminescence signals improve temporal interpretations of these complex deposits. This adapted understanding of mixing also sets the stage for future work with the aim to improve our understanding of ages and sources for ash units within these cave deposits. The three ash units recognized in the cave may represent an in-situ reworking of the same ash or may be representative of previously undocumented eruptions from the Yellowstone Caldera.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2022.01.005","usgsCitation":"Mahan, S.A., Wood, J.R., Lovelace, D.M., Laden, J., McGuire, J., and Meachen, J., 2023, Luminescence ages and new interpretations of the timing and deposition of Quaternary sediments at Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming: Quaternary International, v. 647-648, p. 22-35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2022.01.005.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"35","ipdsId":"IP-130446","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445542,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2022.01.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435584,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9K8OYLG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data Release for Luminescence: Luminescence data for Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming"},{"id":407047,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Natural Trap Cave","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.27438354492188,\n 44.79158175909386\n ],\n [\n -107.92282104492188,\n 44.79158175909386\n ],\n [\n -107.92282104492188,\n 45.00219463609633\n ],\n [\n -108.27438354492188,\n 45.00219463609633\n ],\n [\n -108.27438354492188,\n 44.79158175909386\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"647-648","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, John R.","contributorId":265642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lovelace, Dave M 0000-0002-0154-4777","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0154-4777","contributorId":296740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovelace","given":"Dave","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":64159,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, Dept. of Geoscience","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laden, Juan","contributorId":296741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laden","given":"Juan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, Jenny","contributorId":269803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jenny","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56035,"text":"GA Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meachen, Julie 0000-0002-2526-2045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2526-2045","contributorId":296742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meachen","given":"Julie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64161,"text":"Des Moines University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70228207,"text":"70228207 - 2023 - The Hawai'i groundwater recharge tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-24T16:28:25.313428","indexId":"70228207","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-07T09:04:46","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10084,"text":"Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Hawai'i groundwater recharge tool","docAbstract":"This article discusses the design and implementation of the Hawai’i Groundwater\nRecharge Tool, an application for providing data and analyses of the impacts\nof land-cover modifications and changes in precipitation on groundwater-recharge\nrates for the island of O’ahu. This application uses simulation data based on a set of\n29 land-cover types and 2 precipitation conditions to provide users with real-time\nrecharge calculations for interactively defined land-cover modifications. The tool provides\ntwo visualizations, representing the land cover for the island and the resultant\ngroundwater-recharge rates, and a set of metrics indicating the changes to groundwater\nrecharge for relevant areas to present a set of easily interpretable outcomes based\non user-defined scenarios. Users have varying degrees of control over the granularity\nof data input and output, allowing for the quick production of a roughly defined scenario,\nor more precise land-cover definitions. These modifications can be exported for\nfurther analysis. Heuristics are used to provide a responsive user interface and performant\nintegration with the database containing the full set of simulation data. This\ntool is designed to provide user-friendly access to the information on the impacts of\nland-cover and precipitation changes on groundwater-recharge rates needed to assist\nin making data-driven decisions.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/cpe.6843","usgsCitation":"McLean, J.H., Cleveland, S.B., Rotzoll, K., Izuka, S.K., Leigh, J., Jacobs, G.A., and Theriot, R., 2023, The Hawai'i groundwater recharge tool: Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, v. 35, no. 18, e6843, https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.6843.","productDescription":"e6843","ipdsId":"IP-119105","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395528,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"O'ahu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": 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H.","contributorId":217618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLean","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37291,"text":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cleveland, Sean B.","contributorId":215893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rotzoll, Kolja 0000-0002-5910-888X kolja@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-888X","contributorId":3325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rotzoll","given":"Kolja","email":"kolja@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":833419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Izuka, Scot K. 0000-0002-8758-9414 skizuka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-9414","contributorId":2645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izuka","given":"Scot","email":"skizuka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leigh, Jason","contributorId":220109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leigh","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jacobs, Gwen A.","contributorId":215071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobs","given":"Gwen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Theriot, Ryan","contributorId":220110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Theriot","given":"Ryan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39036,"text":"University of Hawaii at Manoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70227640,"text":"70227640 - 2023 - Winter habitat selection and efficacy of telemetry to aid Grass Carp removal efforts in a large reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-01T16:31:11.547001","indexId":"70227640","displayToPublicDate":"2022-01-24T08:59:28","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter habitat selection and efficacy of telemetry to aid Grass Carp removal efforts in a large reservoir","docAbstract":"Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella were introduced in North America to control aquatic vegetation in small, closed systems. However, when they escape into larger systems in which they can reproduce, they have the potential to cause significant declines and alterations in aquatic vegetation communities. These alterations can in turn affect native species that are dependent on aquatic vegetation. Increased captures and observations of spawning have elevated concerns about Grass Carp establishment in new locations, with particular concern for establishment in Lake Erie and its tributaries. Recent efforts using telemetered fish that co-locate with wild conspecifics, sometimes in aggregations that are susceptible to harvest, have been used successfully to control invasive Common Carp Cyprinus carpio populations. If Grass Carp aggregate in winter similarly to Common Carp, they might be susceptible to similar control or harvest methods. During the winters (December–March) of 2017–2019, we tracked 86 Grass Carp tagged with acoustic transmitters in Truman Reservoir, Missouri, to evaluate winter habitat selection and to determine the effectiveness of using tagged fish in locating and removing wild fish by comparing harvest at locations of tagged fish to harvest at control sites that we believed were suitable Grass Carp habitat. Discrete-choice models showed that Grass Carp exhibited strong selection for shallow water, as 75% of locations were in littoral habitats with depths of 3 m or less. On average, we harvested more fish at sites where tagged fish were located (3.6 fish/attempt) than at control sites (1.2 fish/attempt). Full guts in individuals that were harvested may indicate that fish were using shallow-water habitats to feed. Our results suggested that Grass Carp did not usually form large winter aggregations, and although targeting locations with tagged fish slightly increased harvest success compared to efforts without them, efforts to reduce populations via harvest may be difficult in large systems when fish are widely dispersed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10693","usgsCitation":"Hessler, T.M., Chapman, D., Paukert, C.P., Jolley, J., and Byrne, M.E., 2023, Winter habitat selection and efficacy of telemetry to aid Grass Carp removal efforts in a large reservoir: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 43, no. 1, p. 189-202, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10693.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"202","ipdsId":"IP-127038","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445547,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10693","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435585,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9A2R1G0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water quality, habitat, sampling methods and characteristics for grass carp in Truman Reservoir Missouri, 2017-2019"},{"id":394760,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Osage River, Pomme de Terre River, South Grand River, Tebo River, Truman Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.83148193359375,\n 38.004819966413194\n ],\n [\n -93.262939453125,\n 38.004819966413194\n ],\n [\n -93.262939453125,\n 38.39333888832238\n ],\n [\n -93.83148193359375,\n 38.39333888832238\n ],\n [\n -93.83148193359375,\n 38.004819966413194\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hessler, Tyler Michael 0000-0001-5062-2340","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5062-2340","contributorId":272075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hessler","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paukert, Craig P. 0000-0002-9369-8545","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-8545","contributorId":245524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"Craig","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jolley, Jeff C.","contributorId":272076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jolley","given":"Jeff C.","affiliations":[{"id":36986,"text":"Michigan Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Byrne, Michael E. 0000-0001-9190-2728 mbyrne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9190-2728","contributorId":272077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byrne","given":"Michael","email":"mbyrne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70248690,"text":"70248690 - 2023 - Early Pliocene marine transgression into the lower Colorado River valley, southwestern USA, by re-flooding of a former tidal strait","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-18T16:44:00.412156","indexId":"70248690","displayToPublicDate":"2022-01-17T11:40:34","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Early Pliocene marine transgression into the lower Colorado River valley, southwestern USA, by re-flooding of a former tidal strait","docAbstract":"Marine straits and seaways are known to host a wide range of sedimentary processes and products, but the role of marine connections in the development of large river systems remains little studied. This study explores a hypothesis that shallow-marine waters flooded the lower Colorado River valley at c. 5 Ma along a fault-controlled former tidal strait, soon after the river was first integrated into the northern Gulf of California. The upper bioclastic member of the southern Bouse Formation provides a critical test of this hypothesis. The upper bioclastic member contains wave ripple-laminated bioclastic grainstone with minor red mudstone, pebbly grainstone with hummocky cross-stratification (HCS)-like stratification and symmetrical gravelly ripples, and calcareous-matrix conglomerate. Fossils include upward-branching segmented coralline-like red algae with no known modern relatives but confirmed as marine calcareous algae, echinoid spines, barnacles, shallow-marine foraminifers, clams, and serpulid worm tubes. These results provide evidence for deposition in a shallow-marine bay or estuary seaward of the transgressive backstepping Colorado River delta. Tsunamis generated by seismic and meteorological sources likely produced the HCS-like and wave-ripple cross-bedding in poorly-sorted gravelly grainstone. Marine waters inundated a former tidal strait within a fault-bounded tectonic lowland that connected the lower Colorado River to the Gulf of California. Delta backstepping and transgression resulted from a decrease in sediment output due to sediment trapping in upstream basins and relative sea-level rise produced by regional tectonic subsidence.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Straits and seaways: Controls, processes and implications in modern and ancient systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/SP523-2021-57","usgsCitation":"Dorsey, R., Braga, J.C., Gardner, K., McDougall-Reid, K., and O’Connell, B., 2023, Early Pliocene marine transgression into the lower Colorado River valley, southwestern USA, by re-flooding of a former tidal strait, chap. of Straits and seaways: Controls, processes and implications in modern and ancient systems, v. 523, p. 369-397, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP523-2021-57.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"397","ipdsId":"IP-128308","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445550,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1144/sp523-2021-57","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":420910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California","otherGeospatial":"lower Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.04369108979155,\n 33.665780127848734\n ],\n [\n -115.04369108979155,\n 32.827424439473745\n ],\n [\n -114.230313401379,\n 32.827424439473745\n ],\n [\n -114.230313401379,\n 33.665780127848734\n ],\n [\n -115.04369108979155,\n 33.665780127848734\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"523","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorsey, Rebecca","contributorId":140302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorsey","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Braga, Juan Carlos","contributorId":174204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Braga","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"Carlos","affiliations":[{"id":13472,"text":"Universidad de Granada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardner, Kevin 0000-0001-8018-4353","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8018-4353","contributorId":258281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDougall-Reid, Kristin 0000-0002-8788-3664","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-3664","contributorId":216211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougall-Reid","given":"Kristin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Connell, Brennan","contributorId":201373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Brennan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":883227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70248962,"text":"70248962 - 2023 - Signatures of high-latitude waves in observations of geomagnetic acceleration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-27T12:11:31.473735","indexId":"70248962","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-28T07:09:11","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Signatures of high-latitude waves in observations of geomagnetic acceleration","docAbstract":"Models for the second time-derivative of the geomagnetic field reveal prominent activity at high latitudes. Alternating patches of positive and negative geomagnetic acceleration propagate to the west at speeds that exceed nominal fluid velocities in the core. We show that waves are a viable interpretation of these observations. Magnetic Rossby waves produce a high-latitude response with suitable phase velocities. However, the spatial complexity of the prediction is not compatible with the observations. Our preferred interpretation involves zonal MAC waves. These waves can account for the observed geomagnetic field when a stratified layer exists at the top of the core. The required layer has a thickness in excess of 100 km and a buoyancy frequency comparable to the rotation frequency. We anticipate a gradual reduction in the phase velocity over time, leading to a future change in the propagation direction.
The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic triggered dramatic shifts in the way that ecologists teach, research, and interact (e.g., Cooke et al. 2021). As the world now adjusts to a “new normal” era, there is notable and open discussion about the merits or desire to return to practices used prior to the pandemic (e.g., Roulson 2021). A dominant aspect of these discussions is when and how researchers can return to the practice of large, centralized, in-person conferences that have been the primary mode of professional interaction for decades. While questions of safety are naturally paramount and will guide decision making for some time, there remains the broader question of whether and how to implement virtual and hybrid formats in the future.
Discussions about the return to in-person meetings and expressed resentment about the use of virtual formats (Stevens and Murphy 2021) that we routinely see circulated by professional organizations and on social media assume that the latter is a lesser-quality version of the former. However, we put forward that these sentiments neglect the diversity of opinions among scientists and evidence of prevalent, positive attitudes about the use of virtual (and possibly, as yet undeveloped) modes of conferences. For example, 74% of more than 900 researchers surveyed by the journal Nature during the initial phase of the pandemic expressed a desire for virtual conferences to remain in practice even when travel restrictions were eased (Remmel 2021). Other surveys have shown that scientists are highly interested in alternative conference formats due to concerns about climate change (Nursey-Bray et al. 2019; Haage 2020) and access (Niner and Wassermann 2021). These data indicate most researchers have personal circumstances or perspectives that recognize the value of a broader discussion about how conferences and interactions among researchers can be shaped.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10765","usgsCitation":"Rolls, R., Rogosch, J.S., and Kuehne, L.M., 2022, How shall we meet? Embracing the opportunities of virtual conferencing: Fisheries Magazine, v. 47, no. 7, p. 304-306, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10765.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"304","endPage":"306","ipdsId":"IP-136783","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493295,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10072/419537","text":"External Repository"},{"id":432942,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rolls, Robert J.","contributorId":341926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rolls","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[{"id":38381,"text":"University of New England","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogosch, Jane S. 0000-0002-1748-4991","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1748-4991","contributorId":317717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogosch","given":"Jane","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuehne, Lauren M.","contributorId":341927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuehne","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":81805,"text":"Omfishient Consulting","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70243153,"text":"70243153 - 2022 - Effect of wave skewness and asymmetry on the evolution of Fire Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-26T17:55:10.691101","indexId":"70243153","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-01T11:50:35","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effect of wave skewness and asymmetry on the evolution of Fire Island, New York","docAbstract":"Bedload transport of sediment by waves and currents is one of the key physical processes that affect the evolution of coasts, nearshore areas, and the engineering practices there. Wave skewness and asymmetry, both of which increase as waves shoal, result in a net bedload sediment flux over a wave cycle. The impacts of this mechanism on large-scale coastal and shoreline change are investigated in this study, using field observations and Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Wave Sediment Transport (COAWST), a hydrodynamic process-based numerical modeling system (Warner et al., 2010). The study site is Fire Island, New York, located at the Atlantic Coast of the USA, with a focus on the persistent shoreline shape, at the western half of this 50-km-long barrier island, that has been hypothesized to be linked to the sand deposits at the shoreface.
","conferenceTitle":"37th International Conference on Coastal Engineering,","conferenceDate":"July 2-8, 2022","conferenceLocation":"New South Wales, Australia","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal engineering proceedings","doi":"10.9753/icce.v37.sediment.17","usgsCitation":"Parlak, M., Ayhan, B., Warner, J.C., Kalra, T., and Safak, I., 2022, Effect of wave skewness and asymmetry on the evolution of Fire Island, New York, 37th International Conference on Coastal Engineering,, v. 37, New South Wales, Australia, July 2-8, 2022, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v37.sediment.17.","productDescription":"1 p.","ipdsId":"IP-140577","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445579,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v37.sediment.17","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":425988,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parlak, Muhammed","contributorId":304662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parlak","given":"Muhammed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66144,"text":"İstanbul Bilgi University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":871289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayhan, Bilal","contributorId":304663,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ayhan","given":"Bilal","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66144,"text":"İstanbul Bilgi University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":871290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":258015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kalra, Tarandeep S. 0000-0001-5468-248X tkalra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5468-248X","contributorId":178820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalra","given":"Tarandeep S.","email":"tkalra@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":871292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Safak, Ilgar","contributorId":304429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Safak","given":"Ilgar","affiliations":[{"id":66065,"text":"Dept. Civil Engineering, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Türkiye","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":871293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70259664,"text":"70259664 - 2022 - Paleoseismic study of the XEOLXELEK–Elk Lake fault: A newly identified Holocene fault in thenorthern Cascadia forearc near Victoria, British Columbia, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-21T11:58:02.331962","indexId":"70259664","displayToPublicDate":"2023-03-15T06:54:51","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Paleoseismic study of the XEOLXELEK–Elk Lake fault: A newly identified Holocene fault in thenorthern Cascadia forearc near Victoria, British Columbia, Canada","docAbstract":"High-resolution topographic data show a tectonic scarp formed in Quaternary sediments near the city of Victoria in the northern Cascadia forearc on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. A paleoseismic trench excavation across the structure, the XEOLXELEK–Elk Lake fault, shows evidence for a Holocene (after 12.2 cal ka BP) surface-rupturing reverse-slip\nearthquake that produced a fault-propagation fold and resulted in the formation of a ∼1.4 to 3.5 m-high scarp. Fault-propagation fold modelling indicates ∼3.2 m of reverse slip on a 50°-dipping fault plane reproduces the observed deformation, and fault-scaling relations suggest a single earthquake rupture with this surface displacement could occur during a ∼Mw 6.1–\n7.6 earthquake. Given the fault’s location within the metropolitan area of Victoria, an earthquake near this magnitude would result in significant damage to local infrastructure and this fault is worth considering in future seismic hazard assessments.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 11th International INQUA Workshop on Paleoseismology, Active Tectonics and Archaeoseismology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"11th International INQUA Meeting on Paleoseismology, Active Tectonics and Archeoseismology","conferenceDate":"September 25-30, 2022","conferenceLocation":"France","language":"English","publisher":"Zenodo","usgsCitation":"Harrichhausen, N., Finley, T., Morell, K.D., Regalla, C., Bennett, S.E., Leonard, L.J., Nissen, E., McLeod, E., Lynch, E.M., Salomon, G., and Sethanant, I., 2022, Paleoseismic study of the XEOLXELEK–Elk Lake fault: A newly identified Holocene fault in thenorthern Cascadia forearc near Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, in Proceedings of the 11th International INQUA Workshop on Paleoseismology, Active Tectonics and Archaeoseismology, France, September 25-30, 2022, p. 90-93.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"93","ipdsId":"IP-144716","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462986,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/records/7736477#.ZCXHr3ZBw2w"},{"id":463059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrichhausen, Nicolas 0000-0001-8953-4292","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8953-4292","contributorId":254359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrichhausen","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finley, Theron 0000-0001-7359-5613","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-5613","contributorId":345278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finley","given":"Theron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morell, Kristin D. 0000-0001-8464-3553","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8464-3553","contributorId":254360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morell","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Regalla, Christine 0000-0003-2975-8336","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2975-8336","contributorId":254361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regalla","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bennett, Scott E.K. 0000-0002-9772-4122 sekbennett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-4122","contributorId":5340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Scott","email":"sekbennett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.K.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":916179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leonard, Lucinda J. 0000-0002-6492-7660","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-7660","contributorId":254362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonard","given":"Lucinda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nissen, Edwin 0000-0002-0406-2706","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-2706","contributorId":244221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nissen","given":"Edwin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48865,"text":"University of Victoria; Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McLeod, Eleanor","contributorId":345279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLeod","given":"Eleanor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lynch, Emerson M. 0000-0003-1419-1373","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1419-1373","contributorId":254363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynch","given":"Emerson","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Salomon, Guy 0000-0002-9239-6449","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-6449","contributorId":345280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salomon","given":"Guy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sethanant, Israporn 0000-0003-0962-8999","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0962-8999","contributorId":345281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sethanant","given":"Israporn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70236821,"text":"70236821 - 2022 - Extending body condition scoring beyond measurable rump fat to estimate full range of nutritional condition for moose","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-28T13:40:21.977752","indexId":"70236821","displayToPublicDate":"2023-02-18T08:28:42","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":693,"text":"Alces","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extending body condition scoring beyond measurable rump fat to estimate full range of nutritional condition for moose","docAbstract":"Moose (Alces alces) populations along the southern extent of their range are largely declining, and there is growing evidence that nutritional condition — which influences several vital rates – is a contributing factor. Moose body condition can presently be estimated only when there is measurable subcutaneous rump fat, which equates to animals with >6% ingesta-free body fat (IFBFat). There is need for a technique to allow body fat estimation of animals in poorer body condition (i.e., <6% body fat). We advance current methods for moose, following those used and validated with other ungulate species, by establishing a moose-specific body condition score (BCS) that can be used to estimate IFBFat in the lower range of condition. Our modified BCS was related strongly (r2 = 0.89) to IFBFat estimates based on measurable rump fat. By extending the predicted relationship to individuals without measurable fat, the BCS equated severe emaciation with 0.67% IFBFat, supporting the accuracy of the method. The lower end of nutritional condition is important for identifying relationships involving life-history characteristics because most state-dependent changes occur at lower levels of condition. Therefore, until the BCS can be validated with moose carcasses, we believe our method to estimate body fat across the full range of condition should yield better understanding of the drivers underlying declining moose populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Lakehead University","usgsCitation":"Levine, R.L., Smiley, R.A., Jesmer, B.R., Oates, B.A., Goheen, J.R., Stephenson, T.R., Kauffman, M., Fralick, G., and Monteith, K., 2022, Extending body condition scoring beyond measurable rump fat to estimate full range of nutritional condition for moose: Alces, v. 58, p. 91-99.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"99","ipdsId":"IP-141310","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":427211,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":427210,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://alcesjournal.org/index.php/alces/article/view/1883","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"58","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levine, Rebecca L.","contributorId":296705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levine","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smiley, Rachel A.","contributorId":296706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smiley","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jesmer, Brett R.","contributorId":296707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jesmer","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oates, Brendan A.","contributorId":296708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oates","given":"Brendan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":64152,"text":"4Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goheen, Jacob R.","contributorId":296709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goheen","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stephenson, Thomas R.","contributorId":296710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":64153,"text":"Sierra Nevada Bighorn Sheep Recovery Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":202921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fralick, Gary L.","contributorId":296711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fralick","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[{"id":36596,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Monteith, Kevin L.","contributorId":296712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monteith","given":"Kevin L.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70243295,"text":"70243295 - 2022 - VIMTS: Variational-based Imputation for Multi-modal Time Series","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-08T12:00:53.534414","indexId":"70243295","displayToPublicDate":"2023-01-26T06:58:56","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"VIMTS: Variational-based Imputation for Multi-modal Time Series","docAbstract":"Ecosystem transformations to altered or novel ecological states are accelerating across the globe. Indicators of ecological resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasion can aid in assessing risks and prioritizing areas for conservation and restoration. The sagebrush biome encompasses parts of 11 western states and is experiencing rapid transformations due to human population growth, invasive species, altered disturbance regimes, and climate change. We built on prior use of static soil moisture and temperature regimes to develop new, ecologically relevant and climate responsive indicators of both resilience and resistance. Our new indicators were based on climate and soil water availability variables derived from process-based ecohydrological models that allow predictions of future conditions. We asked: (1) Which variables best indicate resilience and resistance? (2) What are the relationships among the indicator variables and resilience and resistance categories? (3) How do patterns of resilience and resistance vary across the area? We assembled a large database (n = 24,045) of vegetation sample plots from regional monitoring programs and derived multiple climate and soil water availability variables for each plot from ecohydrological simulations. We used USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service National Soils Survey Information, Ecological Site Descriptions, and expert knowledge to develop and assign ecological types and resilience and resistance categories to each plot. We used random forest models to derive a set of 19 climate and water availability variables that best predicted resilience and resistance categories. Our models had relatively high multiclass accuracy (80% for resilience; 75% for resistance). Top indicator variables for both resilience and resistance included mean temperature, coldest month temperature, climatic water deficit, and summer and driest month precipitation. Variable relationships and patterns differed among ecoregions but reflected environmental gradients; low resilience and resistance were indicated by warm and dry conditions with high climatic water deficits, and moderately high to high resilience and resistance were characterized by cooler and moister conditions with low climatic water deficits. The new, ecologically-relevant indicators provide information on the vulnerability of resources and likely success of management actions, and can be used to develop new approaches and tools for prioritizing areas for conservation and restoration actions.
The diffusion of molecular water (H2Om) from the environment into volcanic glass can hydrate the glass up to several wt% at low temperature over long timescales. During this process, the water imprints its hydrogen isotope composition (δDH2O) to the glass (δDgl) offset by a glass-H2O fractionation factor (ΔDgl-H2O = δDgl – δDH2O) which is approximately −33‰ at Earth surface temperatures. Glasses hydrate much more rapidly at higher, sub-magmatic temperatures as they interact with H2O during eruption, transport, and emplacement. To aid in the interpretation of δDgl in natural samples, we present hydrogen isotope results from vapor hydration experiments conducted at 175–375 °C for durations of hours to months using natural volcanic glasses. The results can be divided into two thermal regimes: above 250 °C and below 250 °C. Lower temperature experiments yield raw ΔDgl-H2O values in the range of −33 ± 11‰. Experiments at 225 °C using both positive and negative initial ΔDgl-H2O values converge on this range of values, suggesting this range represents the approximate equilibrium fractionation for H isotopes between glass and H2O vapor (103lnαgl-H2O) below 250 °C. Variation in ΔDgl-H2O (−33 ± 11‰) between different experiments and glasses may arise from incomplete hydration, analytical uncertainty, differences in glass chemistry, and/or subordinate kinetic isotope effects. Experiments above 250 °C yield unexpectedly low δDgl values with ΔDgl-H2O values of ≤–85‰. While alteration alone is incapable of explaining the data, these run products have more extensive surface alteration and are not interpreted to reflect equilibrium fractionation between glass and H2O vapor. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) shows that glass can hydrate with as much as 5.9 wt% H2Om and 1.0 wt% hydroxl (OH−) in the highest P-T experiment at 375 °C and 21.1 MPa. Therefore, we employ a 1D isotope diffusion–reaction model of glass hydration to evaluate the roles of equilibrium fractionation, isotope diffusion, water speciation reactions internal to the glass, and changing boundary conditions (e.g. alteration and dissolution). At lower temperatures, the best fitting model results to experimental data for low silica rhyolite (LSR) glasses require only an equilibrium fractionation factor and yield 103lnαgl-H2O values of −33‰ ± 5‰ and −25‰ ± 5‰ at 175 °C and 225 °C, respectively. At higher temperatures, ΔDgl-H2O is dominated by boundary layer effects during glass hydration and glass surface alteration. The modeled bulk δDgl value is highly responsive to changes in the δDgl boundary condition regardless of the magnitude of other kinetic effects. Observed glass dissolution and surficial secondary mineral formation are likely to impose a disequilibrium boundary layer that drives extreme δDgl fractionation with progressive glass hydration. These results indicate that the observed ΔDgl-H2O of ∼−33 ± 11‰ can be cautiously applied as an equilibrium 103lnαgl-H2O value to natural silicic glasses hydrated below 250 °C to identify hydration sources. This approximate ΔDgl-H2O may be applicable to even higher temperature glasses hydrated on short timescales (of seconds to minutes) in phreatomagmatic or submarine eruptions before H2O in the glass is primarily affected by boundary layer effects associated with alteration on the glass surface.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2022.09.032","usgsCitation":"Hudak, M.R., Bindeman, I.N., Watkins, J.M., and Lowenstern, J.B., 2022, Hydrogen isotope behavior during rhyolite glass hydration under hydrothermal conditions: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 337, p. 33-48, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2022.09.032.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-125992","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2022.09.032","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":411968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"337","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudak, Michael R. 0000-0002-0583-5424","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0583-5424","contributorId":287589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudak","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":861684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bindeman, Ilya N.","contributorId":175500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bindeman","given":"Ilya","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":861685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watkins, James M.","contributorId":189286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watkins","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":861686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob B. 0000-0003-0464-7779 jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7779","contributorId":2755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","email":"jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":861687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70238786,"text":"70238786 - 2022 - The source, fate, and transport of arsenic in the Yellowstone hydrothermal system - An overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-12T14:28:56.322416","indexId":"70238786","displayToPublicDate":"2023-01-09T08:21:52","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The source, fate, and transport of arsenic in the Yellowstone hydrothermal system - An overview","docAbstract":"The Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field (YPVF) contains >10,000 thermal features including hot springs, pools, geysers, mud pots, and fumaroles with diverse chemical compositions. Arsenic (As) concentrations in YPVF thermal waters typically range from 0.005 to 4 mg/L, but an As concentration of 17 mg/L has been reported. Arsenic data from thermal springs, outflow drainages, rivers, and from volcanic rocks and silica sinter were used to identify the sources, characterize geochemical and microbial processes affecting As, and quantify As fluvial transport. Arsenic in YPVF thermal waters is mainly derived from high temperature leaching of rhyolites. Arsenic concentrations in thermal waters primarily depend on water type, which is controlled by boiling, evaporation, mixing, and mineral precipitation and dissolution. Springs with low As concentrations include acid-SO4 (0.1 ± 0.1 mg/L), NH4-SO4 rich (0.003 ± 0.007 mg/L), and dilute thermal waters (0.1 ± 0.1 mg/L); travertine-forming waters have moderate As concentrations (0.4 ± 0.2 mg/L); and neutral- Cl waters (1.2 ± 0.8 mg/L) common in the western portion of the Yellowstone Caldera and Cl-rich waters (1.9 ± 1.2 mg/L) primarily from Basins near the Caldera boundary have elevated As concentrations. Reduced As species (arsenite and thiolated-As species) are most prevalent near the orifice of hot springs, and then As rapidly oxidizes to arsenate along drainages. Previously published cultivation-based studies and metagenomic data from microbial communities inhabiting a variety of hot springs indicate a widespread distribution of arsenite oxidation and arsenate reduction capabilities among the hot springs. Widespread use and transformation of As by thermophilic microorganisms promotes more soluble and toxic forms. Most of the water discharged from thermal springs eventually ends up in a nearby river where As remains soluble and exhibits little attenuation during downstream transport. Since 2010, 183 ± 10 metric tons/year of As were transported from Yellowstone National Park (YNP) via rivers. The discharge from YPVF thermal features impairs river water quality whereby As concentrations exceed 10 μg/L for many rivers reaches within and downstream from YNP.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107709","usgsCitation":"McCleskey, R., Nordstrom, D.K., Hurwitz, S., Colman, D.R., Roth, D.A., Johnson, M.O., and Boyd, E., 2022, The source, fate, and transport of arsenic in the Yellowstone hydrothermal system - An overview: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 432, 107709, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107709.","productDescription":"107709, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-143378","costCenters":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107709","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":410276,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.94,\n 45.84\n ],\n [\n -110.94,\n 45.83\n ],\n [\n -110.93,\n 45.83\n ],\n [\n -110.93,\n 45.84\n ],\n [\n -110.94,\n 45.84\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.00219450142964,\n 44.1359427252448\n ],\n [\n -109.9963211835457,\n 44.32742371136524\n ],\n [\n -110.01687779613967,\n 44.32742371136524\n ],\n [\n -110.06973765709618,\n 44.352627456744756\n ],\n [\n -110.06386433921189,\n 44.40719840334816\n ],\n [\n -110.052117703444,\n 44.42397923099992\n ],\n [\n -110.0286244319079,\n 44.43236783899505\n ],\n [\n -110.00513116037179,\n 44.46800599192275\n ],\n [\n -110.00513116037179,\n 44.50781113480417\n ],\n [\n -110.08735761074799,\n 44.491054385481874\n ],\n [\n -110.14021747170415,\n 44.49314924251027\n ],\n [\n -110.15490076641417,\n 44.52037553641682\n ],\n [\n -110.16077408429847,\n 44.54968193879381\n ],\n [\n -110.12259751805233,\n 44.57060605348323\n ],\n [\n -110.07267431603796,\n 44.58733992725041\n ],\n [\n -110.03743440873397,\n 44.60825049691036\n ],\n [\n -110.0198144550818,\n 44.624973534551\n ],\n [\n -109.90234809740163,\n 44.64169175607395\n ],\n [\n -109.83186828279328,\n 44.70225493592861\n ],\n [\n -109.83480494173509,\n 44.721037537133384\n ],\n [\n -109.87004484903945,\n 44.74607152330452\n ],\n [\n -109.94933464047348,\n 44.80860907769713\n ],\n [\n -109.92584136893738,\n 44.83777009077582\n ],\n [\n -109.92290470999559,\n 44.91268782141975\n ],\n [\n -109.95520795835778,\n 44.956344789149\n ],\n [\n -109.96695459412565,\n 44.97504475832312\n ],\n [\n -109.99925784248785,\n 44.972967285003364\n ],\n [\n -110.00513116037179,\n 45.04563407251294\n ],\n [\n -110.01687779613967,\n 45.05393297808422\n ],\n [\n -110.04624438556007,\n 45.03940910312352\n ],\n [\n -110.08148429286405,\n 45.02903264897614\n ],\n [\n -110.7011193296279,\n 45.02903264897614\n ],\n [\n -110.77453580317838,\n 45.064304916740326\n ],\n [\n -110.82152234625059,\n 45.05393297808422\n ],\n [\n -110.8391422999024,\n 45.04148416817836\n ],\n [\n -110.91255877345289,\n 45.02903264897614\n ],\n [\n -110.936052044989,\n 45.049783675815206\n ],\n [\n -110.93311538604685,\n 45.068453165395425\n ],\n [\n -111.01534183642306,\n 45.095409443997795\n ],\n [\n -111.05645506161133,\n 45.066379078696684\n ],\n [\n -111.10931492256749,\n 45.10577385685349\n ],\n [\n -111.14455482987147,\n 45.08711655907109\n ],\n [\n -111.15336480669755,\n 45.04563407251294\n ],\n [\n -111.17979473717546,\n 45.016578420476634\n ],\n [\n -111.20328800871158,\n 45.00204506297516\n ],\n [\n -111.23852791601591,\n 45.00204506297516\n ],\n [\n -111.25614786966773,\n 44.968812112589006\n ],\n [\n -111.25908452860988,\n 44.94387475641295\n ],\n [\n -111.21209798553765,\n 44.910608090355964\n ],\n [\n -111.1827313961176,\n 44.91268782141975\n ],\n [\n -111.1239982172775,\n 44.90644840245457\n ],\n [\n -111.09756828679926,\n 44.88356473806243\n ],\n [\n -111.09756828679926,\n 44.12961955801748\n ],\n [\n -110.00513116037179,\n 44.13383507805938\n ],\n [\n -110.00219450142964,\n 44.1359427252448\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"432","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":205663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R. Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":858703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Colman, Daniel R. 0000-0002-3253-6833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3253-6833","contributorId":299802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colman","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":64955,"text":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":858705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roth, David A. 0000-0002-7515-3533 daroth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7515-3533","contributorId":2340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"David","email":"daroth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Madeline Oxner 0000-0001-7661-9748","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7661-9748","contributorId":299803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Madeline","email":"","middleInitial":"Oxner","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Boyd, Eric S. 0000-0003-4436-5856","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4436-5856","contributorId":299804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Eric S.","affiliations":[{"id":64955,"text":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":858708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70239344,"text":"70239344 - 2022 - Water and endangered fish in the Klamath River Basin: Do Upper Klamath Lake surface elevation and water quality affect adult Lost River and Shortnose Sucker survival?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-10T13:02:51.552487","indexId":"70239344","displayToPublicDate":"2023-01-06T07:00:27","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water and endangered fish in the Klamath River Basin: Do Upper Klamath Lake surface elevation and water quality affect adult Lost River and Shortnose Sucker survival?","docAbstract":"In the western United States, water allocation decisions often incorporate the needs of endangered fish. In the Klamath River basin, an understanding of temporal variation in annual survival rates of Shortnose Suckers Chasmistes brevirostris and Lost River Suckers Deltistes luxatus and their relation to environmental drivers is critical to water management and sucker recovery. Extinction risk is high for these fish because most individuals in the populations are approaching their maximum life span and recruitment of new fish into the adult populations has never exceeded mortality losses in the past 22 years. We used a time series of mark–recapture data from the years 1999–2021 to analyze the relationship between lake level, water quality covariates, and survival of adult Shortnose Suckers and two spawning populations of Lost River Suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. We compared competing model hypotheses in a maximum likelihood framework using Akaike's information criterion and then ran the top environmental covariates in a Bayesian framework to estimate how much of the variation in survival was explained by these covariates as compared to random variation. The complementary analyses found almost unequivocal support for our base model without environmental covariates. Estimated adult sucker survival was high across the time series and consistent with sucker life history (mean annual survival = 0.82–0.91). This suggests that adult suckers were generally robust to interannual variation in lake levels as well as consistently poor water quality within the years of our data set. Recovery time is limited, as a declining survival trend for adult suckers in recent years may be due to the onset of senescence. The successful recovery of suckers in Upper Klamath Lake may rely on shifting research from the causes of adult mortality and its relationship with lake surface elevation to the causes of poor recruitment into adult populations.
This chapter provides an overview of machine learning models and their applications to the science of inland waters. Such models serve a wide range of purposes for science and management: predicting water quality, quantity, or ecological dynamics across space, time, or hypothetical scenarios; vetting and distilling raw data for further modeling or analysis; generating and exploring hypotheses; estimating physically or biologically meaningful parameters for use in further modeling; and revealing patterns in complex, multidimensional data or model outputs. An important research frontier is the injection of limnological knowledge into machine-learning models, which has shown great promise for increasing such models’ accuracy, trustworthiness, and interpretability. Here we describe a few of the most powerful machine learning tools, describe best practices for employing these tools and injecting knowledge guidance, and give examples of their applications to advance understanding of inland waters.
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The water flows released from reservoirs greatly affect the water temperature of downstream river segments. However, the information of released water flow is often not available for many reservoirs, which makes it difficult for data-driven models to capture the impact to downstream river segments. In this paper, we first build a state-aware graph model to represent the interactions amongst streams and reservoirs, and then propose a parallel learning structure to extract the reservoir release information and use it to improve the prediction. In particular, for reservoirs with no available release information, we mimic the water managers' release decision process through a pseudo-prospective learning method, which infers the release information from anticipated water temperature dynamics. For reservoirs with the release information, we leverage a physics-based model to simulate the water release temperature and transfer such information to guide the learning process for other reservoirs. The evaluation for the Delaware River Basin shows that the proposed method brings over 10% accuracy improvement over existing data-driven models for stream temperature prediction when the release data is not available for any reservoirs. The performance is further improved after we incorporate the release data and physical simulations for a subset of reservoirs.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2022 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (SDM)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2022 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (SDM)","conferenceDate":"April 28-30, 2022","conferenceLocation":"Alexandria, Virginia, United States","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","doi":"10.1137/1.9781611977172.11","usgsCitation":"Jia, X., Chen, S., Xie, Y., Yang, H., Appling, A.P., Oliver, S.K., and Jiang, Z., 2022, Modeling reservoir release using pseudo-prospective learning and physical simulations to predict water temperature, in Proceedings of the 2022 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (SDM), Alexandria, Virginia, United States, April 28-30, 2022, p. 91-99, https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611977172.11.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"99","ipdsId":"IP-134356","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2202.05714","text":"External Repository"},{"id":411275,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Banerjee, Arindam","contributorId":300535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banerjee","given":"Arindam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":860702,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhou, Zhi-Hua","contributorId":300536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhou","given":"Zhi-Hua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":860703,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Papalexakis, Evangelos E.","contributorId":300537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Papalexakis","given":"Evangelos","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":860704,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Riondato, Matteo","contributorId":300538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riondato","given":"Matteo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":860705,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Jia, Xiaowei 0000-0001-8544-5233","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-5233","contributorId":237807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jia","given":"Xiaowei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, Shengyu","contributorId":297452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Shengyu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12465,"text":"University of Pittsburgh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xie, Yiqun","contributorId":297447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xie","given":"Yiqun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yang, Haoyu","contributorId":298611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Haoyu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Appling, Alison P. 0000-0003-3638-8572 aappling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3638-8572","contributorId":150595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Appling","given":"Alison","email":"aappling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Oliver, Samantha K. 0000-0001-5668-1165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5668-1165","contributorId":211886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jiang, Zhe","contributorId":267317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jiang","given":"Zhe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36730,"text":"University of Alabama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70230419,"text":"70230419 - 2022 - Ground motion selection for nonlinear response history analyses of concrete dams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-16T18:48:59.636551","indexId":"70230419","displayToPublicDate":"2022-12-31T13:45:28","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Ground motion selection for nonlinear response history analyses of concrete dams","docAbstract":"Evaluating the seismic performance of a 3D concrete dam using nonlinear response history analysis (NLRHA) requires three orthogonal components of ground acceleration histories, or ground motions (GMs) for brevity. Although much progress has been made for the topic of ground motion selection and modification (GMSM) in the context of multistory buildings, NLRHA of dams requires at least two additional considerations: (i) accounting for multiple modes of vibration and (ii) including three orthogonal components of GMs. To convey the key ideas in developing an ensemble of multicomponent GMs for this context, the fundamentals of GMSM are first briefly reviewed using a case study. Then, special considerations for concrete dams are highlighted. Finally, a practical method for developing target spectra and selecting multicomponent GMs is presented.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"2022 USSD annual conference & exhibition","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"United States Society on Dams (USSD)","usgsCitation":"Kwong, N.S., 2022, Ground motion selection for nonlinear response history analyses of concrete dams, in 2022 USSD annual conference & exhibition, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-135268","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":417105,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":398526,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ussd.conferencespot.org/2022/bio/bmt3b25ndXNnc2dvdg%3D%3D","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kwong, N. 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The 11 locations sampled were long-term monitoring sites that had been annually sampled since 1974. In 2020, the number of species collected at each site ranged from 0 to 13, with a mean of 6.3 and median of six. All comparisons to 2020 results were limited to past collections from Management Unit WI-2. Mean total biomass was 10.5 kg/ha which was similar to the average observed over the past 10 years (10.3 kg/ha), less than averages over the past 20 and 30-years, 15.3 and 19.8 kg/ha respectively, and higher than the average observed from 1974-84 (4.7 kg/ha). Average biomass in 2020 was highest for Bloater (6.2 kg/ha), Lake Whitefish (2.3 kg/ha), and Cisco (0.9 kg/ha). Rainbow Smelt biomass averaged 0.3 kg/ha. Year-class strength, as measured by age-1 densities, was well below the 5, 10, and 25-year averages for Bloater, Cisco, Lake Whitefish and Rainbow Smelt. Bloater averaged 1 age-1 fish/ha, Cisco, 0.2 age-1 fish/ha, Lake Whitefish, 15 age-1 fish/ha, and Rainbow Smelt 6 age-1 fish/ha. Cisco survival to age-1 has been near non-existent since the 2014- and 2015-year classes and the last moderate sized year class was in 2009. 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0000-0003-0451-110X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0451-110X","contributorId":216889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman","given":"Owen","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":863411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yule, Daniel L. 0000-0002-0117-5115","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-5115","contributorId":248693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"Daniel","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":863412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70240292,"text":"70240292 - 2022 - A review of Arctomecon californica (Papaveraceae) with a focus on the species’ potential for propagation and reintroduction and conservation needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-03T16:39:51.748313","indexId":"70240292","displayToPublicDate":"2022-12-31T10:22:13","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2785,"text":"Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A review of Arctomecon californica (Papaveraceae) with a focus on the species’ potential for propagation and reintroduction and conservation needs","title":"A review of Arctomecon californica (Papaveraceae) with a focus on the species’ potential for propagation and reintroduction and conservation needs","docAbstract":"Las Vegas bearpoppy (Arctomecon californica) occurrences have fluctuated during the past several decades, in part due to interannual variability in rainfall that influences recruitment and mortality events; yet, development in the Las Vegas Valley continues to threaten habitat supporting this species. Arctomecon californica was petitioned for listing under the Endangered Species Act in 2019 and is currently under review to determine whether listing is warranted (USFWS 2020). This review updates species information for A. californica and includes recent insights into the species' seed ecology, habitat requirements and suitability models, propagation and reintroduction, and pollinator biology. We include information from the past 20 years in these areas that supplement conservation and restoration actions for the species. We also identify topics with scarce information and highlight areas for future study, including the following: preservation of genetic diversity through germplasm collections, identification of mechanisms driving the species' soil endemism, maintenance of A. californica–pollinator relationships through understanding pollinator habitat, determination of the viable seed fraction and its longevity in the soil seed reserves, and prediction of population response to regional climate change based on demographic modeling.
","language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/042.014.0101","usgsCitation":"Stosich, A., DeFalco, L., and Scoles-Sciulla, S.J., 2022, A review of Arctomecon californica (Papaveraceae) with a focus on the species’ potential for propagation and reintroduction and conservation needs: Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist, v. 14, no. 1, p. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.3398/042.014.0101.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"22","ipdsId":"IP-140238","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3398/042.014.0101","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":412688,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Nevada","county":"Clark County, Mohave 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