Stream stage and discharge and the quality of water flowing from Rattlesnake Creek into the Quivira National Wildlife Refuge in south-central Kansas are being monitored by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service using an innovative, real-time monitoring approach. Continuously recorded data and data from periodic collection of water-quality samples are being used to develop surrogate relations between certain physical properties of water and chemical constituents of concern. These relations will allow resource managers to protect wildlife at the refuge by reacting quickly to significant changes in water quality.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs18299","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V.G., 1999, Real-time water-quality monitoring for protection of wildlife at Quivira National Wildlife Refuge, South-Central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 182-99, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs18299.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360098,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0182/fs19990182.pdf","text":"Report","size":"132 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 1999–0182"},{"id":117083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0182/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":402873,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23167.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Quivira National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.5748291015625,\n 38.06\n ],\n [\n -98.4429931640625,\n 38.06\n ],\n [\n -98.4429931640625,\n 38.248965760244644\n ],\n [\n -98.5748291015625,\n 38.248965760244644\n ],\n [\n -98.5748291015625,\n 38.06\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1217 Biltmore Drive
Lawrence, KS 66049
This report describes enhancements to a Graphical-User Interface (GUI) for MODFLOW-96, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) modular, three-dimensional, finitedifference ground-water flow model, and MOC3D, the USGS three-dimensional, method-ofcharacteristics solute-transport model. The GUI is a plug-in extension (PIE) for the commercial program Argus ONEe. The GUI has been modified to support MODPATH (a particle tracking post-processing package for MODFLOW), ZONEBDGT (a computer program for calculating subregional water budgets), and the Stream, Horizontal-Flow Barrier, and Flow and Head Boundary packages in MODFLOW. Context-sensitive help has been added to make the GUI easier to use and to understand. In large part, the help consists of quotations from the relevant sections of this report and its predecessors. The revised interface includes automatic creation of geospatial information layers required for the added programs and packages, and menus and dialog boxes for input of parameters for simulation control. The GUI creates formatted ASCII files that can be read by MODFLOW-96, MOC3D, MODPATH, and ZONEBDGT. All four programs can be executed within the Argus ONEe application (Argus Interware, Inc., 1997). Spatial results of MODFLOW-96, MOC3D, and MODPATH can be visualized within Argus ONEe. Results from ZONEBDGT can be visualized in an independent program that can also be used to view budget data from MODFLOW, MOC3D, and SUTRA. Another independent program extracts hydrographs of head or drawdown at individual cells from formatted MODFLOW head and drawdown files. A web-based tutorial on the use of MODFLOW with Argus ONE has also been updated. The internal structure of the GUI has been modified to make it possible for advanced users to easily customize the GUI. Two additional, independent PIEs were developed to allow users to edit the positions of nodes and to facilitate exporting the grid geometry to external programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99184","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Winston, R., 1999, Upgrade to MODFLOW-GUI; addition of MODPATH, ZONEBDGT, and additional MODFLOW packages to the U.S. Geological Survey MODFLOW-96 Graphical-User Interface: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-184, vi, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99184.","productDescription":"vi, 72 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":53877,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0184/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0184/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1883,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow-gui/mfgui_30.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60e6b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winston, R.B.","contributorId":32950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winston","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21896,"text":"ofr9949 - 1999 - Inversion of gravity data to define the pre-Tertiary surface and regional structures possibly influencing ground-water flow in the Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley region, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-15T15:57:02.418827","indexId":"ofr9949","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-49","title":"Inversion of gravity data to define the pre-Tertiary surface and regional structures possibly influencing ground-water flow in the Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley region, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional inversion of gravity data from the Pahute Mesa–Oasis Valley region reveals a topographically complex pre-Tertiary basement surface. Beneath Pahute Mesa, the thickness of the Tertiary volcanic deposits may exceed 5 km within the Silent Canyon caldera complex. South of Pahute Mesa in Oasis Valley, basement is shallower (< 1 km) but between this valley and the Timber Mountain caldera complex is a basin that probably represents, in part, a moat related to the Timber Mountain caldera complex. Of particular interest is a NE-trending lineament, named here the Thirsty Canyon lineament (TCL), separating terranes at significantly different elevations. Southeast of the TCL, a highly undulating basement surface descends deeply into several calderas, whereas NW of the TCL basement is relatively flat and shallow. Because as many as four calderas seem to abruptly terminate at the TCL, the TCL may reflect a major buried fault zone, which influenced caldera growth. This inferred Thirsty Canyon fault zone and several EW basement ridges in the derived 3-dimensional basin thickness model may influence the flow of ground water from the Pahute Mesa region to Oasis Valley.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9949","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy Nevada Operations Office (Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967)","usgsCitation":"Hildenbrand, T., Langenheim, V., Mankinen, E., and McKee, E., 1999, Inversion of gravity data to define the pre-Tertiary surface and regional structures possibly influencing ground-water flow in the Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley region, Nye County, Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-49, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9949.","productDescription":"26 p.","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155422,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr9949.gif"},{"id":1263,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0049/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284837,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0049/pdf/of99-49.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":405811,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22749.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.833,\n 36.917\n ],\n [\n -116.25,\n 36.917\n ],\n [\n -116.25,\n 37.333\n ],\n [\n -116.833,\n 37.333\n ],\n [\n -116.833,\n 36.917\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd630ae4b0b290850fe915","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildenbrand, T.G.","contributorId":83892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":186155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mankinen, E. A. 0000-0001-7496-2681","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":31786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKee, E.H.","contributorId":20736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":32916,"text":"pp1416H - 1999 - Hydrology of the coastal lowlands aquifer system in parts of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-16T17:14:55.527026","indexId":"pp1416H","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1416","chapter":"H","title":"Hydrology of the coastal lowlands aquifer system in parts of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi","docAbstract":"Existing data on water levels, water use, water quality, and aquifer properties were used to construct a multilayer digital model to simulate flow in the aquifer system. The report describes the geohydrologic framework of the aquifer system, and the development, calibration, and sensitivity analysis of the ground-water-flow model, but it is primarily focused on the results of the simulations that show the natural flow of ground water throughout the regional aquifer system and the changes from the natural flow caused by development of ground-water supplies.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Regional aquifer-system analysis--Gulf Coastal Plain (Professional Paper 1416)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1416H","usgsCitation":"Martin, A., and Whiteman, C.D., 1999, Hydrology of the coastal lowlands aquifer system in parts of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1416, Report: 51 p.; 8 Plates: 32.00 x 26.30 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1416H.","productDescription":"Report: 51 p.; 8 Plates: 32.00 x 26.30 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":60833,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1416h/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60832,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1416h/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60827,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1416h/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21961,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1416h/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60831,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1416h/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60830,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1416h/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60829,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1416h/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60828,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1416h/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":109899,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23052.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"23052"},{"id":60826,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1416h/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161440,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1416h/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-87.984916,35.005881],[-85.605165,34.984678],[-85.184888,32.863355],[-85.160133,32.8455],[-85.168644,32.814246],[-85.133275,32.780609],[-85.138101,32.753836],[-85.119577,32.734223],[-85.114737,32.685634],[-85.088483,32.657758],[-85.09662,32.638199],[-85.076399,32.594665],[-85.001532,32.514741],[-84.995331,32.453243],[-84.96303,32.424244],[-85.007103,32.328362],[-84.93868,32.300708],[-84.891131,32.25961],[-85.058749,32.136018],[-85.047063,32.090433],[-85.055075,32.010714],[-85.067829,31.967358],[-85.08683,31.957758],[-85.07893,31.940159],[-85.114031,31.89336],[-85.132931,31.89306],[-85.141931,31.781963],[-85.11893,31.732664],[-85.12553,31.694965],[-85.059534,31.621717],[-85.041881,31.544684],[-85.092167,31.364576],[-85.089774,31.295026],[-85.114601,31.277333],[-85.096763,31.225651],[-85.107516,31.186451],[-85.035615,31.108192],[-85.00006,31.014983],[-85.004026,30.973468],[-84.982527,30.965586],[-84.983627,30.936986],[-84.936828,30.884683],[-84.920123,30.76599],[-84.864693,30.711542],[-82.214839,30.568591],[-82.23582,30.537187],[-82.201416,30.485164],[-82.210291,30.42459],[-82.19294,30.378779],[-82.165192,30.358035],[-82.060034,30.360328],[-82.036825,30.377884],[-82.005477,30.563495],[-82.049507,30.655548],[-82.039634,30.747727],[-82.01266,30.761289],[-82.017051,30.791657],[-81.973856,30.778487],[-81.949787,30.827493],[-81.89572,30.821098],[-81.868608,30.792754],[-81.792769,30.784432],[-81.719927,30.744634],[-81.662173,30.746521],[-81.646137,30.727591],[-81.540923,30.713343],[-81.489537,30.7261],[-81.42742,30.69802],[-81.443099,30.600938],[-81.434064,30.522569],[-81.447087,30.503679],[-81.410809,30.482039],[-81.385505,30.273841],[-81.240924,29.739218],[-80.966176,29.14796],[-80.709725,28.756692],[-80.574868,28.585166],[-80.525094,28.459454],[-80.587813,28.410856],[-80.606874,28.336484],[-80.604214,28.257733],[-80.566432,28.09563],[-80.383695,27.740045],[-80.253665,27.37979],[-80.093909,27.018587],[-80.031362,26.796339],[-80.038863,26.569347],[-80.108995,26.088372],[-80.127987,25.772245],[-80.154972,25.66549],[-80.176916,25.685062],[-80.166241,25.72895],[-80.197674,25.74437],[-80.240376,25.724206],[-80.267065,25.651849],[-80.296719,25.622195],[-80.302057,25.567632],[-80.339421,25.499427],[-80.31036,25.3731],[-80.374116,25.31735],[-80.418872,25.235532],[-80.495341,25.199463],[-80.569124,25.190117],[-80.669236,25.137837],[-80.777499,25.135047],[-80.858167,25.176576],[-80.899459,25.162337],[-80.900559,25.139755],[-81.079859,25.118797],[-81.141024,25.163868],[-81.171978,25.223648],[-81.151916,25.324766],[-81.117265,25.354953],[-81.128492,25.380511],[-81.150508,25.387255],[-81.168652,25.463848],[-81.208201,25.504937],[-81.203175,25.53416],[-81.253951,25.638181],[-81.290328,25.687506],[-81.346078,25.721473],[-81.361875,25.772715],[-81.340406,25.786631],[-81.352731,25.822015],[-81.417536,25.864954],[-81.458487,25.868929],[-81.473992,25.888411],[-81.508979,25.884037],[-81.527665,25.901531],[-81.654493,25.893579],[-81.678287,25.845301],[-81.68954,25.85271],[-81.727086,25.907207],[-81.747834,25.994273],[-81.801663,26.088227],[-81.833142,26.294518],[-81.868983,26.378648],[-81.969509,26.476505],[-82.008961,26.484052],[-82.00908,26.505203],[-82.024604,26.512677],[-82.06715,26.513252],[-82.07175,26.492554],[-82.105672,26.48393],[-82.137869,26.637441],[-82.181565,26.681712],[-82.173516,26.701836],[-82.139019,26.702986],[-82.093023,26.665614],[-82.055076,26.802452],[-82.059101,26.876621],[-82.090723,26.888694],[-82.093023,26.906518],[-82.090148,26.923191],[-82.061976,26.931241],[-82.063126,26.950214],[-82.107972,26.957688],[-82.137294,26.926066],[-82.175241,26.916867],[-82.147068,26.789803],[-82.17869,26.772555],[-82.232193,26.78288],[-82.259867,26.717398],[-82.289086,26.827784],[-82.445718,27.060634],[-82.539719,27.254326],[-82.691821,27.437218],[-82.745748,27.538834],[-82.708121,27.523514],[-82.710621,27.501715],[-82.690421,27.496415],[-82.674621,27.519614],[-82.65072,27.523115],[-82.613003,27.582837],[-82.570607,27.608882],[-82.514265,27.705588],[-82.477638,27.723004],[-82.482305,27.742649],[-82.434635,27.764355],[-82.393383,27.837519],[-82.413915,27.901401],[-82.478063,27.92768],[-82.489817,27.9196],[-82.488057,27.863566],[-82.47244,27.822559],[-82.553946,27.848462],[-82.529918,27.877501],[-82.542818,27.890601],[-82.533718,27.932999],[-82.553918,27.966998],[-82.62959,27.998474],[-82.678606,27.993715],[-82.684793,27.971824],[-82.724122,27.948098],[-82.720122,27.936399],[-82.628063,27.910397],[-82.63212,27.8911],[-82.61002,27.873501],[-82.567919,27.883701],[-82.566819,27.858002],[-82.598443,27.857582],[-82.586519,27.816703],[-82.622723,27.779868],[-82.63362,27.710607],[-82.718822,27.692007],[-82.721622,27.663908],[-82.698091,27.638858],[-82.733076,27.612972],[-82.746223,27.731306],[-82.846526,27.854301],[-82.840882,27.937162],[-82.824875,27.960201],[-82.838484,27.909111],[-82.805462,27.960201],[-82.782724,28.055894],[-82.781324,28.127591],[-82.790724,28.15249],[-82.808474,28.154803],[-82.805097,28.172181],[-82.762643,28.219013],[-82.764103,28.244345],[-82.706112,28.368057],[-82.706322,28.401325],[-82.674787,28.441956],[-82.654138,28.590837],[-82.674665,28.647588],[-82.668889,28.694302],[-82.712373,28.720921],[-82.698281,28.75701],[-82.730245,28.850155],[-82.688864,28.905609],[-82.737872,28.995703],[-82.764055,28.999707],[-82.759704,29.054192],[-82.780558,29.07358],[-82.816925,29.076215],[-82.823659,29.098902],[-82.799117,29.110647],[-82.804736,29.146624],[-82.987162,29.180094],[-83.019071,29.141324],[-83.053207,29.130839],[-83.087839,29.21642],[-83.077265,29.255331],[-83.166091,29.28888],[-83.175518,29.34469],[-83.218075,29.420492],[-83.294747,29.437923],[-83.311546,29.475666],[-83.400252,29.517242],[-83.412278,29.666922],[-83.537645,29.72306],[-83.584716,29.77608],[-83.595493,29.827984],[-83.679219,29.918513],[-83.93151,30.039068],[-84.000716,30.096209],[-84.06299,30.101378],[-84.167881,30.071422],[-84.19853,30.087937],[-84.237014,30.08556],[-84.256439,30.103791],[-84.277168,30.060263],[-84.315344,30.069492],[-84.358923,30.058224],[-84.361962,29.987739],[-84.343041,29.9751],[-84.333746,29.923721],[-84.349066,29.896812],[-84.423834,29.902996],[-84.451705,29.929085],[-84.511996,29.916574],[-84.888031,29.722406],[-84.901781,29.735723],[-84.877111,29.772888],[-84.90413,29.786279],[-84.993264,29.714961],[-85.121473,29.715854],[-85.259719,29.681296],[-85.319215,29.681494],[-85.343619,29.672004],[-85.344768,29.654793],[-85.397871,29.740498],[-85.413575,29.85294],[-85.392469,29.870914],[-85.405907,29.80193],[-85.37796,29.709621],[-85.353885,29.684765],[-85.31139,29.697557],[-85.302591,29.808094],[-85.405052,29.938487],[-85.509148,29.971466],[-85.588242,30.055543],[-85.69681,30.09689],[-85.9226,30.238024],[-86.2987,30.363049],[-86.632953,30.396299],[-86.750906,30.391881],[-87.206254,30.320943],[-87.295422,30.323503],[-87.80056,30.229365],[-88.028401,30.221132],[-87.966847,30.235618],[-87.936041,30.261469],[-87.879343,30.23859],[-87.78775,30.254244],[-87.755263,30.277292],[-87.845132,30.377446],[-87.906343,30.40938],[-87.933355,30.487357],[-87.901711,30.550879],[-87.919346,30.63606],[-87.936717,30.657432],[-88.008396,30.684956],[-88.061998,30.644891],[-88.053998,30.612491],[-88.103768,30.500903],[-88.107274,30.377246],[-88.136173,30.320729],[-88.191542,30.317002],[-88.200065,30.362378],[-88.260695,30.382381],[-88.311608,30.368908],[-88.341345,30.38947],[-88.374671,30.385608],[-88.401181,30.344382],[-88.433891,30.354652],[-88.480117,30.318345],[-88.596349,30.358365],[-88.66382,30.362099],[-88.728893,30.342671],[-88.841328,30.409598],[-88.857828,30.392898],[-88.851442,30.375355],[-88.89393,30.393398],[-89.016334,30.383898],[-89.291444,30.303296],[-89.279818,30.34979],[-89.335942,30.374016],[-89.366116,30.352169],[-89.332546,30.337895],[-89.329946,30.302896],[-89.419348,30.25432],[-89.461275,30.174745],[-89.475824,30.191561],[-89.587062,30.150648],[-89.617542,30.156422],[-89.678499,30.106886],[-89.683712,30.076018],[-89.727453,30.062661],[-89.724649,30.022454],[-89.763216,30.042108],[-89.813684,30.043605],[-89.854533,30.007821],[-89.8385,29.945816],[-89.804463,29.932588],[-89.727933,29.95878],[-89.71291,29.946349],[-89.742727,29.935894],[-89.742479,29.90817],[-89.711158,29.879287],[-89.660568,29.862909],[-89.598129,29.881409],[-89.574997,29.959455],[-89.58136,29.994722],[-89.501587,30.034037],[-89.481926,30.079128],[-89.418465,30.049747],[-89.372375,30.054729],[-89.372375,30.036671],[-89.422813,30.015495],[-89.433411,29.991205],[-89.432785,29.978752],[-89.379227,29.963804],[-89.368019,29.911491],[-89.315453,29.923208],[-89.273315,29.99382],[-89.250534,30.002361],[-89.249969,29.975597],[-89.218071,29.97275],[-89.231178,29.925484],[-89.280144,29.924915],[-89.322289,29.887333],[-89.241425,29.88961],[-89.236298,29.877081],[-89.383789,29.838928],[-89.345634,29.820135],[-89.33197,29.790524],[-89.277298,29.807608],[-89.284706,29.770021],[-89.269325,29.760912],[-89.305199,29.756926],[-89.386063,29.788815],[-89.428207,29.74155],[-89.42421,29.697638],[-89.530258,29.74375],[-89.651237,29.749479],[-89.644562,29.710957],[-89.592979,29.702042],[-89.596802,29.684212],[-89.573883,29.674025],[-89.53376,29.670204],[-89.485367,29.624357],[-89.535202,29.648567],[-89.621109,29.657101],[-89.644272,29.675381],[-89.647324,29.625414],[-89.688141,29.615055],[-89.668648,29.580322],[-89.684486,29.563263],[-89.681092,29.534487],[-89.700845,29.520785],[-89.693877,29.508559],[-89.63533,29.489294],[-89.589536,29.437662],[-89.577096,29.433692],[-89.548686,29.465723],[-89.528429,29.454702],[-89.531943,29.425679],[-89.508551,29.386168],[-89.47714,29.411241],[-89.457303,29.393148],[-89.340304,29.381412],[-89.350694,29.349544],[-89.283028,29.356467],[-89.24087,29.310081],[-89.189354,29.345061],[-89.165015,29.303039],[-89.100106,29.25022],[-89.10065,29.206314],[-89.029103,29.220956],[-89.000674,29.180091],[-89.00529,29.164949],[-89.047233,29.157833],[-89.024149,29.137298],[-89.062335,29.070234],[-89.121542,29.069074],[-89.164788,29.008703],[-89.211144,29.040813],[-89.225865,29.07866],[-89.254726,29.083261],[-89.259354,29.058358],[-89.315389,29.039081],[-89.41148,28.925011],[-89.408157,28.965341],[-89.334735,29.040335],[-89.354798,29.072543],[-89.405654,29.086936],[-89.409371,29.127855],[-89.482844,29.215053],[-89.697258,29.296679],[-89.850305,29.311768],[-89.853699,29.34064],[-89.816155,29.393518],[-89.843553,29.421677],[-89.833659,29.467341],[-89.849642,29.477996],[-89.902179,29.460011],[-89.932598,29.429288],[-90.01251,29.462775],[-90.032298,29.427005],[-90.035415,29.368201],[-90.034275,29.322661],[-90.009678,29.294785],[-90.097678,29.26199],[-90.096038,29.240673],[-90.06361,29.209474],[-89.959509,29.267677],[-89.95646,29.253744],[-90.174273,29.105301],[-90.348768,29.057817],[-90.234235,29.110268],[-90.234405,29.128824],[-90.280516,29.142521],[-90.302846,29.175098],[-90.300885,29.196171],[-90.271251,29.204639],[-90.311663,29.237954],[-90.316093,29.264777],[-90.367166,29.274128],[-90.387924,29.252786],[-90.399465,29.201046],[-90.432912,29.188132],[-90.472489,29.192688],[-90.494928,29.216713],[-90.46832,29.227532],[-90.450674,29.263739],[-90.510555,29.290925],[-90.526216,29.276492],[-90.565436,29.285111],[-90.589724,29.248521],[-90.544547,29.230683],[-90.55739,29.207881],[-90.633819,29.209128],[-90.647042,29.12858],[-90.764189,29.113374],[-90.799444,29.087377],[-90.803699,29.063709],[-90.765188,29.049403],[-90.637623,29.072084],[-90.730899,29.042259],[-90.811473,29.03658],[-90.839345,29.039167],[-90.862757,29.094863],[-90.961278,29.180817],[-91.000096,29.169481],[-91.094015,29.187711],[-91.129141,29.215863],[-91.278792,29.247776],[-91.33275,29.305816],[-91.291821,29.311357],[-91.251546,29.368659],[-91.197465,29.369882],[-91.217448,29.432549],[-91.258226,29.446954],[-91.2813,29.481547],[-91.335742,29.485886],[-91.356625,29.515191],[-91.420449,29.515745],[-91.447345,29.544749],[-91.531021,29.531543],[-91.553537,29.632766],[-91.648941,29.633635],[-91.618479,29.710816],[-91.632829,29.742576],[-91.752259,29.748264],[-91.85864,29.703121],[-91.88075,29.710839],[-91.854677,29.807436],[-91.889118,29.836023],[-92.056398,29.772313],[-92.144431,29.716418],[-92.149349,29.697052],[-92.111787,29.62177],[-92.02532,29.625647],[-91.965031,29.608019],[-91.939903,29.610291],[-91.922825,29.633173],[-91.841294,29.62962],[-91.774686,29.576387],[-91.712002,29.56474],[-91.765448,29.520844],[-91.782387,29.482882],[-91.8385,29.478874],[-91.862324,29.502393],[-91.969312,29.536893],[-92.046316,29.584362],[-92.158624,29.581616],[-92.25186,29.539354],[-92.309357,29.533026],[-92.61627,29.578729],[-92.974305,29.71398],[-93.17693,29.770487],[-93.267456,29.778113],[-93.347331,29.759046],[-93.475252,29.769242],[-93.68364,29.747153],[-93.766048,29.7295],[-93.837971,29.690619],[-93.926504,29.78956],[-93.922744,29.818808],[-93.830374,29.894359],[-93.789431,29.987812],[-93.699396,30.05925],[-93.732485,30.088914],[-93.688212,30.141376],[-93.720946,30.209852],[-93.706608,30.281187],[-93.765822,30.333318],[-93.758554,30.387077],[-93.6978,30.440583],[-93.714322,30.518562],[-93.740253,30.539569],[-93.727844,30.57407],[-93.681235,30.596102],[-93.6831,30.640763],[-93.629904,30.67994],[-93.607757,30.757657],[-93.554057,30.824941],[-93.567788,30.888302],[-93.526245,30.939411],[-93.571906,30.987614],[-93.516407,31.02955],[-93.531219,31.051678],[-93.52301,31.065241],[-93.551693,31.097258],[-93.531744,31.180817],[-93.548931,31.186601],[-93.588503,31.165581],[-93.598828,31.174679],[-93.620343,31.271025],[-93.642516,31.269508],[-93.687851,31.309835],[-93.664665,31.357698],[-93.671644,31.393352],[-93.701611,31.409334],[-93.70093,31.437784],[-93.749476,31.46869],[-93.726736,31.5116],[-93.798087,31.534044],[-93.834923,31.58621],[-93.838057,31.606795],[-93.816838,31.622509],[-93.826462,31.666919],[-93.802452,31.693186],[-93.830647,31.745811],[-93.822598,31.773559],[-93.874761,31.821661],[-93.904766,31.890599],[-93.971712,31.920384],[-94.018664,31.990843],[-94.04272,31.999265],[-94.042964,33.019219],[-91.166073,33.004106],[-91.120379,33.05453],[-91.202089,33.121249],[-91.188718,33.139811],[-91.114087,33.129834],[-91.087589,33.145177],[-91.091711,33.220813],[-91.054126,33.246105],[-91.043624,33.274636],[-91.07853,33.283306],[-91.106142,33.241799],[-91.140057,33.296618],[-91.142219,33.348989],[-91.075293,33.405966],[-91.057621,33.445341],[-91.081834,33.454188],[-91.10717,33.399078],[-91.154017,33.378914],[-91.209032,33.403633],[-91.199354,33.418321],[-91.131885,33.430063],[-91.118495,33.449116],[-91.125109,33.472842],[-91.172213,33.496691],[-91.177293,33.443638],[-91.235181,33.438972],[-91.18307,33.498613],[-91.231418,33.560593],[-91.152148,33.582721],[-91.130445,33.606034],[-91.171168,33.647766],[-91.219048,33.661503],[-91.227857,33.683073],[-91.165846,33.705133],[-91.09404,33.658351],[-91.03146,33.678142],[-91.055562,33.712486],[-91.117733,33.705342],[-91.146618,33.732456],[-91.132185,33.78342],[-91.026782,33.763642],[-90.989444,33.780576],[-91.000107,33.799549],[-91.049679,33.818729],[-91.073011,33.857449],[-91.012994,33.932276],[-91.084095,33.956179],[-91.087921,33.975335],[-91.01889,34.003151],[-90.994856,33.963118],[-90.965187,33.965461],[-90.987948,34.019038],[-90.89242,34.02686],[-90.870528,34.080516],[-90.882628,34.096615],[-90.921273,34.093958],[-90.946323,34.109374],[-90.9543,34.138498],[-90.91001,34.165508],[-90.847168,34.136884],[-90.810884,34.155903],[-90.812374,34.180767],[-90.9118,34.193897],[-90.936988,34.227041],[-90.929015,34.244541],[-90.847808,34.20653],[-90.828267,34.27365],[-90.765165,34.280524],[-90.743082,34.302257],[-90.762085,34.364754],[-90.683222,34.368817],[-90.693129,34.32257],[-90.669343,34.31302],[-90.655346,34.371846],[-90.571145,34.420319],[-90.588942,34.491097],[-90.540951,34.550853],[-90.587224,34.615732],[-90.588419,34.670963],[-90.549856,34.695478],[-90.538061,34.673232],[-90.551761,34.636484],[-90.524481,34.628504],[-90.462816,34.684074],[-90.475194,34.700826],[-90.538974,34.698783],[-90.565646,34.721053],[-90.543811,34.749277],[-90.544067,34.791159],[-90.514706,34.801768],[-90.503679,34.780136],[-90.518317,34.73279],[-90.469897,34.72703],[-90.45117,34.747787],[-90.473527,34.788835],[-90.456761,34.820395],[-90.481955,34.857805],[-90.479872,34.883264],[-90.438313,34.884581],[-90.414864,34.831846],[-90.34038,34.860357],[-90.303944,34.850517],[-90.313476,34.871698],[-90.250095,34.90732],[-90.244476,34.937596],[-90.309297,34.995694],[-87.984916,35.005881]]],[[[-88.124658,30.28364],[-88.074854,30.249119],[-88.313323,30.230024],[-88.141143,30.255024],[-88.124658,30.28364]]],[[[-82.821585,27.964443],[-82.836326,28.073193],[-82.826125,28.083793],[-82.813435,28.03716],[-82.821585,27.964443]]],[[[-81.582923,24.658732],[-81.562917,24.692912],[-81.535323,24.67954],[-81.490962,24.710105],[-81.459043,24.707355],[-81.451267,24.747464],[-81.432032,24.722908],[-81.431009,24.751761],[-81.392947,24.743371],[-81.36041,24.708788],[-81.319282,24.701238],[-81.298028,24.656774],[-81.395096,24.621062],[-81.414187,24.647167],[-81.470411,24.641985],[-81.49858,24.66498],[-81.511165,24.625135],[-81.602998,24.586444],[-81.685278,24.558739],[-81.810333,24.544701],[-81.814446,24.56358],[-81.794057,24.586],[-81.687017,24.592534],[-81.614529,24.650584],[-81.582923,24.658732]]],[[[-82.15068,24.576331],[-82.125268,24.597426],[-82.099417,24.572522],[-82.116787,24.549144],[-82.159439,24.548212],[-82.15068,24.576331]]],[[[-80.909954,24.781154],[-80.912042,24.76505],[-80.938543,24.767535],[-81.015933,24.719881],[-81.064554,24.715453],[-81.078716,24.696557],[-81.108041,24.688592],[-81.124094,24.704873],[-80.909954,24.781154]]],[[[-81.317673,24.75729],[-81.288259,24.720881],[-81.302984,24.714199],[-81.357417,24.756834],[-81.317673,24.75729]]],[[[-80.788263,24.824218],[-80.846191,24.802968],[-80.79278,24.843918],[-80.780564,24.84052],[-80.788263,24.824218]]],[[[-80.729275,24.865361],[-80.691762,24.885759],[-80.766966,24.836158],[-80.729275,24.865361]]],[[[-84.777208,29.707398],[-84.696726,29.76993],[-84.776954,29.692191],[-84.957779,29.612635],[-85.051033,29.586928],[-85.09519,29.62249],[-85.023501,29.597073],[-84.777208,29.707398]]],[[[-85.156415,29.679628],[-85.114268,29.688658],[-85.077237,29.670862],[-85.097218,29.633004],[-85.124913,29.628433],[-85.222546,29.678039],[-85.156415,29.679628]]],[[[-82.255777,26.703437],[-82.166042,26.489679],[-82.088423,26.455182],[-82.062551,26.470131],[-82.015607,26.454858],[-82.082915,26.422059],[-82.177017,26.471558],[-82.205523,26.566536],[-82.268007,26.682791],[-82.255777,26.703437]]],[[[-80.250581,25.34193],[-80.377084,25.130487],[-80.47387,25.060253],[-80.565831,24.958155],[-80.659395,24.897433],[-80.621658,24.944265],[-80.558785,24.971505],[-80.545971,25.01477],[-80.509136,25.028317],[-80.460652,25.078904],[-80.494715,25.102269],[-80.450399,25.088751],[-80.433575,25.106317],[-80.447659,25.147729],[-80.41326,25.137053],[-80.395467,25.150694],[-80.391909,25.19221],[-80.337345,25.231353],[-80.336159,25.261601],[-80.368186,25.282359],[-80.328746,25.28651],[-80.292567,25.314385],[-80.246307,25.398603],[-80.21428,25.416988],[-80.179288,25.518999],[-80.173951,25.482821],[-80.250581,25.34193]]],[[[-88.865067,29.752714],[-88.940346,29.657234],[-88.941605,29.674833],[-88.873611,29.758043],[-88.8312,29.878839],[-88.840866,29.995613],[-88.881454,30.053202],[-88.841225,30.012789],[-88.817017,29.93425],[-88.826538,29.847092],[-88.865067,29.752714]]],[[[-89.095623,30.231767],[-89.077259,30.23168],[-89.067128,30.250199],[-89.091469,30.202305],[-89.156738,30.230699],[-89.095623,30.231767]]],[[[-88.90037,30.224576],[-88.980239,30.207962],[-88.877824,30.242442],[-88.90037,30.224576]]],[[[-88.710719,30.250799],[-88.562067,30.227476],[-88.587424,30.219154],[-88.771991,30.245523],[-88.710719,30.250799]]],[[[-88.506999,30.214348],[-88.453444,30.201236],[-88.401466,30.210172],[-88.453654,30.196584],[-88.506999,30.214348]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Alabama\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db601f70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Angel Jr.","contributorId":42571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Angel","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whiteman, C. D. Jr.","contributorId":20367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiteman","given":"C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22711,"text":"ofr99255 - 1999 - Basic Requirements for Collecting, Documenting, and Reporting Precipitation and Stormwater-Flow Measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:14","indexId":"ofr99255","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-255","title":"Basic Requirements for Collecting, Documenting, and Reporting Precipitation and Stormwater-Flow Measurements","docAbstract":"Accurate and representative precipitation and stormwater-flow data are crucial for use of highway- or urban-runoff study results, either individually or in a regional or national synthesis of stormwater-runoff data. Equally important is information on the level of accuracy and representativeness of this precipitation and stormwaterflow data. Accurate and representative measurements of precipitation and stormwater flow, however, are difficult to obtain because of the rapidly changing spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation and flows during a storm. Many hydrologic and hydraulic factors must be considered in performing the following: selecting sites for measuring precipitation and stormwater flow that will provide data that adequately meet the objectives and goals of the study, determining frequencies and durations of data collection to fully characterize the storm and the rapidly changing stormwater flows, and selecting methods that will yield accurate data over the full range of both rainfall intensities and stormwater flows.\r\n\r\nTo ensure that the accuracy and representativeness of precipitation and stormwater-flow data can be evaluated, decisions as to (1) where in the drainage system precipitation and stormwater flows are measured, (2) how frequently precipitation and stormwater flows are measured, (3) what methods are used to measure precipitation and stormwater flows, and (4) on what basis are these decisions made, must all be documented and communicated in an accessible format, such as a project description report, a data report or an appendix to a technical report, and (or) archived in a State or national records center.\r\n\r\nA quality assurance/quality control program must be established to ensure that this information is documented and reported, and that decisions made in the design phase of a study are continually reviewed, internally and externally, throughout the study. Without the supporting data needed to evaluate the accuracy and representativeness of the precipitation and stormwater-flow measurements, the data collected and interpretations made may have little meaning.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr99255","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration (A Contribution to the National Highway Runoff Data and Methodology Synthesis)","usgsCitation":"Church, P.E., Granato, G., and Owens, D., 1999, Basic Requirements for Collecting, Documenting, and Reporting Precipitation and Stormwater-Flow Measurements: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-255, vi, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99255.","productDescription":"vi, 30 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9506,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr99-255/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648797","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Church, Peter E.","contributorId":99178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Granato, Gregory E. 0000-0002-2561-9913 ggranato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-9913","contributorId":1692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"Gregory E.","email":"ggranato@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":188736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Owens, David W. dwowens@usgs.gov","contributorId":3745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owens","given":"David W.","email":"dwowens@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":676,"text":"Wisconsin Water Resource Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":188737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70206830,"text":"70206830 - 1999 - The ecological condition of estuaries in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-22T17:52:46","indexId":"70206830","displayToPublicDate":"1999-12-31T17:40:53","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5883,"text":"Cooperator Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"620-R-98-004","title":"The ecological condition of estuaries in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"The Gulf of Mexico is a vast natural resource encompassing the coastal areas of western Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, as well as a portion of Mexico. Many estuaries flow into the Gulf of Mexico and serve as nursery grounds for fish, habitat for a wide variety of wildlife, shipping routes, and a source of recreation. Estuarine-dependent species constitute more than 95 percent of the commercial fishery harvests from the Gulf of Mexico, and many important recreational fishery species depend on estuaries during some part of their life cycle. Gulf estuaries are diverse and productive ecosystems that provide a variety of valuable resources, including fish and shellfish, recreation, transportation, and water supply.
Assessing the overall condition of Gulf of Mexico estuaries required incorporating data from other federal, state, and local monitoring programs to augment the information on ecological indicators collected by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The resulting document would provide a synthesis of the available knowledge about the condition of Gulf of Mexico estuaries. This document is intended for use by scientists and other citizens concerned with the ecological condition of estuaries, as well as by managers and lawmakers interested in the sustained use of estuaries for commercial and recreational purposes. It also addresses public concerns about the aesthetic quality of coastal areas vital to tourism and recreation. By producing this report on the ecological condition of estuaries in the Gulf of Mexico, we have taken one step in assessing the health of this environmental resource. We have produced an environmental “report card” to be used as a guide in the evaluation of management decisions and research directions.
This report is organized in three parts: (1) an introduction that gives background information on the Gulf of Mexico, estuarine ecology, and the factors that impact estuaries in the gulf, (2) the main section on priority ecological indicators used to measure the condition of estuaries in the gulf and (3) an ecological report card that summarizes the data on ecological indicators and provides a rating of the condition of estuaries in each gulf state and for gulf estuaries overall. Many of the ratings were based on the percent area of estuaries in each state exhibiting degraded or adverse levels of an indicator.
Eutrophication, a condition of high nutrients often resulting in low oxygen levels and other adverse effects, is an important water quality concern for estuaries along the gulf coast. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has compared the Gulf of Mexico to other coastal regions like the middle Atlantic and has ranked the Gulf of Mexico as having the highest number of point sources of nutrients and the highest percentage of land use devoted to agriculture. We evaluated monitoring data for nitrogen, chlorophyll, and dissolved oxygen as indicators of eutrophication. Although most of the estuaries exhibited high nitrogen or chlorophyll or low dissolved oxygen concentrations at least once during a survey, many times these conditions were observed in small rivers or bayous rather than in the entire estuary. Often, the percent area affected was low. The gulf estuaries had moderate conditions overall for nutrients and dissolved oxygen. Definite nutrient problems were observed in >25% of the estuarine area in Louisiana and Texas and definite dissolved oxygen problems were observed in Alabama.
Contaminants in estuarine sediments provide evidence of the accumulation of chemicals from anthropogenic sources. We compared the concentrations of sediment contaminants to established guideline values to determine the proportion of estuarine area that could have potential adverse effects on living organisms. Although detectable levels of contaminants were measured in almost every estuary in the Gulf of Mexico, <25% of the estuarine area in all states had contaminant concentrations that exceeded these guidelines.
Wetlands are integral parts of estuarine systems. Declining acreage means habitat loss that may be the result of commercial and residential development, hydrologic alterations, or dredge and fill operations. The Gulf of Mexico region contains more than 50% of the coastal wetland acreage in the U.S. and yet it also has the highest rate of coastal wetland loss. Nine of the top ten estuarine drainage areas ranked by total wetland area are in the Gulf of Mexico region. The most current estimates of total wetland loss over the past 200 years range from 41% to 54% for the gulf states. Although coastal wetlands continue to be altered or destroyed, some estimates indicate that the rate of loss has slowed. All gulf states were rated as having severe problems with wetland loss.
The condition of benthic (bottom-dwelling) invertebrates, fish and shellfish, birds, and threatened and endangered species was used to evaluate the health of estuarine fauna. Degraded benthic communities inhabited <25% of the estuarine area in all gulf states except for Texas. Commercial fish and shellfish landings may be used as an indicator of population stability while fish biomarkers are used to measure the health of individuals in the population. Commercial landings of the top four fisheries (shrimp, menhaden, blue crab, and oyster) are stable in the gulf states while fish biomarkers indicate fair to poor fish health in Alabama and Texas and good fish health elsewhere. Coastal and marine bird populations appear to be in good condition throughout the gulf. Four threatened or endangered species inhabit coastal areas in the Gulf of Mexico: brown pelican, Gulf sturgeon, manatee, and Kemp’s ridley sea turtle. In general, populations of these species are in good to fair condition in the gulf states.
Public health indicators include shellfish bed closures and chemicals found in edible fish tissue. Harvest of shellfish (primarily oyster in the Gulf of Mexico) is restricted or prohibited when concentrations of bacteria or other pathogens reach levels that could impair human health. The gulf states contain the most acreage of shellfish-growing waters in the U.S. but also have the most acreage restricted for harvest. All gulf states except Mississippi have >25% of their shellfish-growing waters restricted for harvest, mostly due to pollution from wastewater treatment plants or other upstream sources. Advisories may be issued that limit consumption when the concentrations of chemicals in fish tissue exceed levels known to be harmful to humans. Although seafood consumption advisories have been issued in all gulf states, the percent of the fish population with high concentrations of contaminants is relatively low in the gulf overall.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1999, The ecological condition of estuaries in the Gulf of Mexico: Cooperator Report 620-R-98-004, viii, 71 p.","productDescription":"viii, 71 p.","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369514,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":369513,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-08/documents/ecocondestuariesgom_print.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.7275390625,\n 24.886436490787712\n ],\n [\n -79.89257812499999,\n 26.745610382199022\n ],\n [\n -81.34277343749999,\n 29.954934549656144\n ],\n [\n -81.6943359375,\n 30.826780904779774\n ],\n [\n -84.90234375,\n 30.789036751261136\n ],\n [\n -85.1220703125,\n 32.509761735919426\n ],\n [\n -85.5615234375,\n 35.137879119634185\n ],\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -91.318359375,\n 33.7243396617476\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 33.100745405144245\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 32.91648534731439\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -95.4052734375,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 33.97980872872457\n ],\n [\n -100.0634765625,\n 34.70549341022544\n ],\n [\n -99.97558593749999,\n 36.63316209558658\n ],\n [\n -102.9638671875,\n 36.56260003738545\n ],\n [\n -103.18359375,\n 32.02670629333614\n ],\n [\n -106.4794921875,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -104.5458984375,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -103.271484375,\n 28.844673680771795\n ],\n [\n -102.48046875,\n 29.84064389983441\n ],\n [\n -101.337890625,\n 29.726222319395504\n ],\n [\n -100.107421875,\n 28.188243641850313\n ],\n [\n -99.0966796875,\n 26.941659545381516\n ],\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 26.352497858154024\n ],\n [\n -97.91015624999999,\n 25.997549919572112\n ],\n [\n -97.119140625,\n 25.720735134412106\n ],\n [\n -96.94335937499999,\n 27.371767300523047\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 29.19053283229458\n ],\n [\n -93.251953125,\n 29.49698759653577\n ],\n [\n -91.0546875,\n 28.9600886880068\n ],\n [\n -89.12109375,\n 28.729130483430154\n ],\n [\n -88.6376953125,\n 29.458731185355344\n ],\n [\n -87.978515625,\n 29.954934549656144\n ],\n [\n -86.4404296875,\n 30.107117887092357\n ],\n [\n -85.166015625,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -83.84765625,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -83.1005859375,\n 28.69058765425071\n ],\n [\n -83.14453125,\n 28.07198030177986\n ],\n [\n -82.880859375,\n 27.0982539061379\n ],\n [\n -81.9140625,\n 25.918526162075153\n ],\n [\n -81.5625,\n 25.085598897064752\n ],\n [\n -80.7275390625,\n 24.886436490787712\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW"} ,{"id":22234,"text":"ofr99203 - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey middle Rio Grande basin study; proceedings of the third annual workshop, Albuquerque, New Mexico, February 24-25, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:04","indexId":"ofr99203","displayToPublicDate":"1999-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-203","title":"U.S. Geological Survey middle Rio Grande basin study; proceedings of the third annual workshop, Albuquerque, New Mexico, February 24-25, 1999","docAbstract":"Approximately 40 percent (about 600,000 people) of the total\r\npopulation of New Mexico lives within the Middle Rio Grande Basin, \r\nwhich includes the City of Albuquerque. Ongoing analyses of the \r\ncentral portion of the Middle Rio Grande Basin by the U.S. Geological\r\nSurvey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Albuquerque and \r\nother agencies have shown that ground water in the basin is not as \r\nreadily accessible as earlier studies indicated. A more complete \r\ncharacterization of the ground-water resources of the entire Middle\r\nRio Grande Basin is hampered by a scarcity of data in the \r\nnorthern and southern areas of the basin.\r\n\r\nThe USGS Middle Rio Grande Basin study is a 5-year effort by the \r\nUSGS and other agencies to improve the understanding of the \r\nhydrology, geology, and land-surface characteristics of the Middle\r\nRio Grande Basin. The primary objective of this study is to \r\nimprove the understanding of the water resources of the basin. Of \r\nparticular interest is to determine the extent of hydrologic\r\nconnection between the Rio Grande and the Santa Fe Group aquifer. \r\nAdditionally, ground-water quality affects the availability of \r\nwater supplies in the basin. Improving the existing USGS-constructed\r\nground-water flow model of the Middle Rio Grande Basin will \r\nintegrate all the various tasks that improve our knowledge of the \r\nvarious components of the Middle Rio Grande water budget. Part \r\nof this improvement will be accompanied by extended knowledge of \r\nthe aquifer system beyond the Albuquerque area into the northern \r\nand southern reaches of the basin. Other improvements will be \r\nbased on understanding gained through process-oriented research \r\nand improved geologic characterization of the deposits. The USGS \r\nand cooperating agencies will study the hydrology, geology, and \r\nland-surface characteristics of the basin to provide the scientific\r\ninformation needed for water-resources management and for managers \r\nto plan for water supplies needed for a growing population.\r\n\r\nTo facilitate exchange of information among the scientists working\r\non the Middle Rio Grande Basin study, yearly technical meetings\r\nhave been held for each of the first 3 years of the anticipated \r\n5-year study. These meetings provide an opportunity to present \r\nresearch results and plan new field efforts. This report documents \r\nthe results of research presented at the third annual technical \r\nworkshop held in Albuquerque, New Mexico, February 24-25, 1999.\r\n\r\nThe report is organized into this introduction and five chapters \r\nthat focus on Middle Rio Grande Basin study investigations in \r\nprogress in the Middle Rio Grande Basin. The first chapter \r\ndescribes geographic data and analysis efforts in the basin. The \r\nsecond chapter details work being done on the hydrogeologic and \r\ngeologic framework of the basin. The third chapter describes \r\nstudies on ground-water recharge in the basin. The fourth chapter \r\nprovides details on the research on the ground-water flow system \r\nin the basin, including modeling efforts. The fifth chapter is \r\ndevoted to an overview of New Mexico District Cooperative Program \r\nstudies in the basin.\r\n\r\nThe information in this report presents preliminary results of an \r\nevolving study. As the study progresses and individual projects \r\npublish their results in more detail, the USGS hopes to expand the \r\nscientific basis needed for management decisions regarding the \r\nMiddle Rio Grande Basin.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr99203","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Bartolino, J.R., 1999, U.S. Geological Survey middle Rio Grande basin study; proceedings of the third annual workshop, Albuquerque, New Mexico, February 24-25, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-203, vi, 95 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99203.","productDescription":"vi, 95 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0203/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51667,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0203/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4b57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartolino, James R. 0000-0002-2166-7803 jrbartol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-7803","contributorId":2548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartolino","given":"James","email":"jrbartol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23344,"text":"ofr99256 - 1999 - Hydrologic data for water years 1978-97 used in daily flow-routing and river-operations models for the upper Carson River Basin, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-08T20:11:33.488867","indexId":"ofr99256","displayToPublicDate":"1999-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-256","title":"Hydrologic data for water years 1978-97 used in daily flow-routing and river-operations models for the upper Carson River Basin, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99256","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hess, G.W., 1999, Hydrologic data for water years 1978-97 used in daily flow-routing and river-operations models for the upper Carson River Basin, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-256, Report: iv, 16 p.; 1 Plate: 29.88 × 39.85 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99256.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 16 p.; 1 Plate: 29.88 × 39.85 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391477,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22686.htm"},{"id":52643,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0256/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157347,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0256/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95494,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0256/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"upper Carson River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 38.667\n ],\n [\n -119,\n 38.667\n ],\n [\n -119,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 38.667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db60792f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, G. W.","contributorId":43338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28965,"text":"wri974224 - 1999 - Evaluation of factors that influence estimated zones of transport for six municipal wells in Clark County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T09:05:15","indexId":"wri974224","displayToPublicDate":"1999-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4224","title":"Evaluation of factors that influence estimated zones of transport for six municipal wells in Clark County, Washington","docAbstract":"A ground-water flow model was used in conjunction with particle tracking to estimate zones of transport for six municipal well sites in Clark County, Washington. A zone of transport for a well is a three-dimensional volume within a ground-water system that contains all of the ground water that will discharge from that well within a specified time period. All of the zones of transport for a well compose the zone of contribution for the well. Zones of transport and contribution are important considerations in the delineation of wellhead-protection areas. Hydrogeologic factors, such as hydraulic conductivity and porosity, influence the shape and size of the zones of transport, and, therefore, uncertainty in these and other factors can lead to uncertainty in the delineation of the zones of transport. The sensitivity of the zones of transport to uncertainty in selected hydrogeologic factors was evaluated for the six wells. Estimates of the zones of transport were delineated by the U.S. Geological Survey program MODTOOLS from three-dimensional pathlines computed by the U.S. Geological Survey program MODPATH. Input to MODPATH came from steady-state simulations calculated by the U.S. Geological Survey modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model, MODFLOW. Three-dimensional modeling is the best method for delineating zones of transport within stratigraphically complex, heterogeneous, anisotropic aquifers that have complex boundary conditions such as streams and multiple, simultaneously discharging wells.
\nIn this study, zones of transport were delineated by using simulated particle locations computed from the results of a three-dimensional steady-state regional model for 0-0.5, 0.5-1, 1-5, 5-10, 10-20, and 20-50 year travel times to the selected wells. Zones of transport for a well were delineated by tracking particles along pathlines in the reverse direction of ground-water flow.
\nSensitivity of the zones of transport to change in the discharge rate of the selected well, porosity, and hydraulic conductivity, as well as to the presence or absence of interfering wells, was evaluated at six well sites to evaluate the effect of uncertainties in these factors on the size and shape of zones of transport. Uncertainty in porosity contributed the most to the uncertainty in delineating the zones of transport. Uncertainty in other factors, such as well discharge rate and horizontal hydraulic conductivity, had measurable effects on the zones of transport, but errors introduced through these factors were less significant. Insight into the causes of the changes in the size and shape of the zones of transport to varying conditions was gained by evaluating the simulated water budget and ground-water levels in the vicinity of the well. Changes in the simulated water budget and ground-water levels provided information to better understand the effects of uncertainties in the data on simulation results.The results of this study suggest that ground-water velocity is the underlying control on the size of the zones of transport. The regional hydraulic gradient is the most significant factor controlling the shape and orientation of the zones of transport. Spatial variation in recharge, discharge, and hydraulic properties can also affect the shape of the zones of transport, however. Underestimation of porosity or overestimation of horizontal hydraulic conductivity leads to overestimation of ground-water velocity and overestimation of the size of zones of transport. Overestimation of porosity or underestimation of horizontal hydraulic conductivity leads to underestimation of ground-water velocity and underestimation of the size of zones of transport. Well discharge rate affects ground-water velocities near the well. Underestimation of discharge (and therefore velocities) will result in underestimation of the size of the zones of transport. The sensitivity of estimated zones of transport to uncertainty in parameters such as porosity and horizontal hydraulic conductivity is a function of the well discharge rate and the proximity of the well to boundaries, such as streams and rivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/wri974224","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Intergovernmental Resource Center, Clark County, Washington","usgsCitation":"Orzol, L., and Truini, M., 1999, Evaluation of factors that influence estimated zones of transport for six municipal wells in Clark County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4224, iv, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974224.","productDescription":"iv, 65 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4224/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57840,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4224/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"746.16 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Clark County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.3248,45.5604],[-122.3221,45.5595],[-122.3189,45.5596],[-122.3163,45.5596],[-122.313,45.5592],[-122.3091,45.5583],[-122.3039,45.558],[-122.2987,45.5576],[-122.2941,45.5576],[-122.2902,45.5581],[-122.2883,45.5577],[-122.283,45.5564],[-122.2791,45.556],[-122.2784,45.5555],[-122.2791,45.5546],[-122.283,45.5537],[-122.2849,45.5532],[-122.2901,45.5531],[-122.2973,45.5535],[-122.3038,45.5534],[-122.3103,45.5538],[-122.3161,45.5546],[-122.322,45.5559],[-122.3273,45.5576],[-122.3299,45.559],[-122.33,45.5608],[-122.328,45.5613],[-122.3248,45.5604]]],[[[-122.4104,45.5743],[-122.4215,45.5742],[-122.4312,45.5745],[-122.4352,45.5754],[-122.4385,45.5776],[-122.4359,45.5781],[-122.432,45.5781],[-122.4268,45.5787],[-122.421,45.5801],[-122.4165,45.5811],[-122.4139,45.5816],[-122.4113,45.5816],[-122.4087,45.5826],[-122.4041,45.5826],[-122.4015,45.5804],[-122.3981,45.5782],[-122.3994,45.5768],[-122.4059,45.5753],[-122.4104,45.5743]]],[[[-122.2446,46.0551],[-122.2433,45.9563],[-122.2443,45.867],[-122.2482,45.8665],[-122.2479,45.7819],[-122.2476,45.7677],[-122.2471,45.7238],[-122.2468,45.6643],[-122.2464,45.6008],[-122.2463,45.5967],[-122.2464,45.5761],[-122.246,45.561],[-122.259,45.5604],[-122.2668,45.5598],[-122.2701,45.5598],[-122.2786,45.561],[-122.2903,45.5627],[-122.3072,45.5616],[-122.3157,45.5628],[-122.3164,45.5628],[-122.3261,45.5631],[-122.3374,45.5703],[-122.3434,45.5748],[-122.348,45.5766],[-122.3506,45.5774],[-122.3546,45.5797],[-122.3592,45.5805],[-122.367,45.5822],[-122.3794,45.5825],[-122.3878,45.582],[-122.3937,45.581],[-122.3963,45.5809],[-122.3963,45.5823],[-122.3931,45.5833],[-122.3918,45.5842],[-122.3912,45.5865],[-122.3945,45.5869],[-122.3964,45.586],[-122.399,45.5845],[-122.4062,45.5858],[-122.4249,45.5819],[-122.4353,45.5799],[-122.4386,45.5799],[-122.4503,45.582],[-122.4575,45.5828],[-122.466,45.5845],[-122.4811,45.5866],[-122.4876,45.5869],[-122.4967,45.5886],[-122.5111,45.5916],[-122.5177,45.5933],[-122.5217,45.5947],[-122.5269,45.5955],[-122.5321,45.5968],[-122.5486,45.602],[-122.5656,45.6041],[-122.5827,45.6093],[-122.5951,45.6109],[-122.6181,45.6174],[-122.6245,45.616],[-122.6251,45.6137],[-122.6322,45.6122],[-122.6414,45.6125],[-122.6459,45.6129],[-122.6538,45.615],[-122.6663,45.6194],[-122.6829,45.6269],[-122.6935,45.6322],[-122.6981,45.6358],[-122.7041,45.6394],[-122.7147,45.6451],[-122.7259,45.6477],[-122.7384,45.6512],[-122.745,45.6533],[-122.7517,45.6587],[-122.7531,45.6614],[-122.7545,45.6637],[-122.7591,45.6673],[-122.7618,45.67],[-122.764,45.6759],[-122.7654,45.6795],[-122.7682,45.6836],[-122.7684,45.6891],[-122.763,45.7056],[-122.7626,45.7102],[-122.7608,45.7148],[-122.7603,45.7208],[-122.758,45.73],[-122.7571,45.7423],[-122.7567,45.7492],[-122.7582,45.7547],[-122.7584,45.7602],[-122.7587,45.7688],[-122.7608,45.7743],[-122.7636,45.7788],[-122.7671,45.7856],[-122.7732,45.7919],[-122.7733,45.7965],[-122.778,45.7992],[-122.7807,45.8032],[-122.7841,45.8064],[-122.7848,45.8087],[-122.7876,45.8118],[-122.7883,45.815],[-122.7858,45.8187],[-122.7859,45.8215],[-122.7873,45.8237],[-122.7868,45.8274],[-122.7863,45.832],[-122.7838,45.8362],[-122.782,45.8412],[-122.7821,45.8426],[-122.7828,45.8449],[-122.7797,45.849],[-122.7791,45.8504],[-122.7786,45.8541],[-122.7767,45.8573],[-122.7703,45.8615],[-122.7599,45.864],[-122.7522,45.8655],[-122.7413,45.8735],[-122.7347,45.8722],[-122.7216,45.8697],[-122.7183,45.8706],[-122.7204,45.8747],[-122.7284,45.8796],[-122.7346,45.8878],[-122.7329,45.896],[-122.7427,45.8959],[-122.7453,45.8949],[-122.748,45.8972],[-122.7501,45.9003],[-122.7482,45.9031],[-122.7404,45.9046],[-122.7386,45.9087],[-122.7381,45.9152],[-122.7382,45.9179],[-122.7349,45.918],[-122.7284,45.9185],[-122.7246,45.9204],[-122.7201,45.9251],[-122.7203,45.9296],[-122.7217,45.9333],[-122.7166,45.9352],[-122.7133,45.9343],[-122.7067,45.9326],[-122.7049,45.9327],[-122.6942,45.9381],[-122.6856,45.9392],[-122.6853,45.9398],[-122.6677,45.941],[-122.667,45.9397],[-122.6656,45.9374],[-122.6615,45.9333],[-122.6594,45.9288],[-122.6536,45.9303],[-122.6504,45.9344],[-122.6467,45.9395],[-122.6421,45.9391],[-122.6329,45.9393],[-122.6224,45.9385],[-122.6192,45.9386],[-122.6152,45.9382],[-122.6133,45.9387],[-122.6081,45.9411],[-122.5927,45.95],[-122.5804,45.9561],[-122.5699,45.9549],[-122.5601,45.9555],[-122.5512,45.9625],[-122.5455,45.9686],[-122.5378,45.9732],[-122.5341,45.9815],[-122.5263,45.9849],[-122.51,45.9865],[-122.5059,45.9815],[-122.4975,45.9835],[-122.4957,45.989],[-122.4786,45.9883],[-122.4596,45.9868],[-122.4471,45.9851],[-122.4377,45.9756],[-122.4253,45.9772],[-122.4009,45.9739],[-122.3884,45.9699],[-122.3758,45.9641],[-122.3633,45.9638],[-122.3613,45.9598],[-122.3547,45.9603],[-122.3449,45.96],[-122.3345,45.9638],[-122.3288,45.9689],[-122.3243,45.9731],[-122.3239,45.9818],[-122.3194,45.9841],[-122.3144,45.992],[-122.3231,46.0001],[-122.3253,46.0092],[-122.3261,46.0124],[-122.3157,46.0158],[-122.3139,46.0227],[-122.3101,46.0287],[-122.3024,46.0356],[-122.2947,46.0412],[-122.2924,46.0504],[-122.2762,46.0589],[-122.2671,46.0603],[-122.2565,46.0587],[-122.2446,46.0551]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Clark\",\"state\":\"WA\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ace4b07f02db5c67ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orzol, L.L.","contributorId":63419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orzol","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Truini, Margot mtruini@usgs.gov","contributorId":599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truini","given":"Margot","email":"mtruini@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":200701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24599,"text":"ofr99311 - 1999 - Subduction zone and crustal dynamics of western Washington; a tectonic model for earthquake hazards evaluation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T14:50:33","indexId":"ofr99311","displayToPublicDate":"1999-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-311","title":"Subduction zone and crustal dynamics of western Washington; a tectonic model for earthquake hazards evaluation","docAbstract":"The Cascadia subduction zone is extremely complex in the western Washington region, involving local deformation of the subducting Juan de Fuca plate and complicated block structures in the crust. It has been postulated that the Cascadia subduction zone could be the source for a large thrust earthquake, possibly as large as M9.0. Large intraplate earthquakes from within the subducting Juan de Fuca plate beneath the Puget Sound region have accounted for most of the energy release in this century and future such large earthquakes are expected. Added to these possible hazards is clear evidence for strong crustal deformation events in the Puget Sound region near faults such as the Seattle fault, which passes through the southern Seattle metropolitan area. In order to understand the nature of these individual earthquake sources and their possible interrelationship, we have conducted an extensive seismotectonic study of the region. We have employed P-wave velocity models developed using local earthquake tomography as a key tool in this research. Other information utilized includes geological, paleoseismic, gravity, magnetic, magnetotelluric, deformation, seismicity, focal mechanism and geodetic data. Neotectonic concepts were tested and augmented through use of anelastic (creep) deformation models based on thin-plate, finite-element techniques developed by Peter Bird, UCLA. These programs model anelastic strain rate, stress, and velocity fields for given rheological parameters, variable crust and lithosphere thicknesses, heat flow, and elevation. Known faults in western Washington and the main Cascadia subduction thrust were incorporated in the modeling process.\r\n\r\nSignificant results from the velocity models include delineation of a previously studied arch in the subducting Juan de Fuca plate. The axis of the arch is oriented in the direction of current subduction and asymmetrically deformed due to the effects of a northern buttress mapped in the velocity models. This buttress occurs under the North Cascades region of Washington and under southern Vancouver Island. We find that regional faults zones such as the Devils Mt. and Darrington zones follow the margin of this buttress and the Olympic-Wallowa lineament forms its southern boundary east of the Puget Lowland. Thick, high-velocity, lower-crustal rocks are interpreted to be a mafic/ultramafic wedge occuring just above the subduction thrust. This mafic wedge appears to be jointly deformed with the arch, suggesting strong coupling between the subducting plate and upper plate crust in the Puget Sound region at depths >30 km. Such tectonic coupling is possible if brittle-ductile transition temperatures for mafic/ultramafic rocks on both sides of the thrust are assumed.\r\n\r\nThe deformation models show that dominant north-south compression in the coast ranges of Washington and Oregon is controlled by a highly mafic crust and low heat flow, allowing efficient transmission of margin-parallel shear from Pacific plate interaction with North America. Complex stress patterns which curve around the Puget Sound region require a concentration of northwest-directed shear in the North Cascades of Washington. The preferred model shows that greatest horizontal shortening occurs across the Devils Mt. fault zone and the east end of the Seattle fault.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99311","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Stanley, D., Villasenor, A.H., and Benz, H., 1999, Subduction zone and crustal dynamics of western Washington; a tectonic model for earthquake hazards evaluation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-311, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99311.","productDescription":"90 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155455,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0311/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53648,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0311/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1631,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0311/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699bf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanley, Dal","contributorId":71205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Dal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Villasenor, Antonio H. 0000-0001-8592-4832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8592-4832","contributorId":38186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villasenor","given":"Antonio","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benz, Harley","contributorId":91460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":21848,"text":"ofr99303 - 1999 - Gravity and magnetic study of the Pahute Mesa and Oasis Valley region, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-15T15:34:31.955449","indexId":"ofr99303","displayToPublicDate":"1999-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-303","title":"Gravity and magnetic study of the Pahute Mesa and Oasis Valley region, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Regional gravity and aeromagnetic maps reveal the existence of deep basins underlying much of the southwestern Nevada volcanic field, approximately 150 km northwest of Las Vegas. These maps also indicate the presence of prominent features (geophysical lineaments) within and beneath the basin fill. Detailed gravity surveys were conducted in order to characterize the nature of the basin boundaries, delineate additional subsurface features, and evaluate their possible influence on the movement of ground-water. Geophysical modeling of gravity and aeromagnetic data indicates that many of the features may be related to processes of caldera formation. Collapse of the various calderas within the volcanic field resulted in dense basement rocks occurring at greater depths within caldera boundaries. Modeling indicates that collapse occurred along faults that are arcuate and steeply dipping. There are indications that the basement in the western Pahute Mesa - Oasis Valley region consists predominantly of granitic and/or fine-grained siliceous sedimentary rocks that may be less permeable to groundwater flow than the predominantly fractured carbonate rock basement to the east and southeast of the study area. The northeast-trending Thirsty Canyon lineament, expressed on gravity and basin thickness maps, separates dense volcanic rocks on the northwest from less dense intracaldera accumulations in the Silent Canyon and Timber Mountain caldera complexes. The source of the lineament is an approximately 2-km wide ring fracture system with step-like differential displacements, perhaps localized on a pre-existing northeast-trending Basin and Range fault. Due to vertical offsets, the Thirsty Canyon fault zone probably juxtaposes rock types of different permeability and, thus, it may act as a barrier to ground-water flow and deflect flow from Pahute Mesa along its flanks toward Oasis Valley. Within the Thirsty Canyon fault zone, highly fractured rocks may serve also as a conduit, depending upon the degree of alteration and its effect on porosity and permeability. In the Oasis Valley region, other structures that may influence ground-water flow include the western and southern boundaries of the Oasis Valley basin, where the basement abruptly shallows.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99303","issn":"0566-8174","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy Nevada Operations Office (Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967)","usgsCitation":"Mankinen, E.A., Hildenbrand, T.G., Dixon, G.L., McKee, E.H., Fridrich, C.J., and Laczniak, R.J., 1999, Gravity and magnetic study of the Pahute Mesa and Oasis Valley region, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-303, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99303.","productDescription":"58 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":51332,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0303/pdf/of99-303.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153182,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0303/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1241,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0303/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.1972,35.9618 ], [ -118.1972,39.1634 ], [ -114.999,39.1634 ], [ -114.999,35.9618 ], [ -118.1972,35.9618 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5f18e4b0b290850fc1db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mankinen, Edward A. 0000-0001-7496-2681 emank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":1054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"Edward","email":"emank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hildenbrand, Thomas G.","contributorId":61787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dixon, Gary L.","contributorId":23571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKee, Edwin H. mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":185956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fridrich, Christopher J. 0000-0003-2453-6478 fridrich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-6478","contributorId":1251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fridrich","given":"Christopher","email":"fridrich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Laczniak, Randell J.","contributorId":90687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laczniak","given":"Randell","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":24276,"text":"ofr99201 - 1999 - Plan of study to define hydrogeologic characteristics of the Madera Limestone in the east mountain area of central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr99201","displayToPublicDate":"1999-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-201","title":"Plan of study to define hydrogeologic characteristics of the Madera Limestone in the east mountain area of central New Mexico","docAbstract":"The east mountain area of central New Mexico includes the \r\neastern one-third of Bernalillo County and portions of Sandoval, \r\nSanta Fe, and Torrance Counties. The area covers about 320 square \r\nmiles.\r\n\r\nThe Madera Limestone, the principal aquifer in the east mountain \r\narea, is the sole source of water for domestic, municipal, \r\nindustrial, and agricultural uses for many residents. Some water is \r\nimported from wells near Edgewood by the Entranosa Water \r\nCooperative, which serves a population of approximately 3,300. \r\nThe remaining population is served by small water systems that derive \r\nsupplies locally or by individually owned domestic wells.\r\n\r\nThe population of the east mountain area has increased \r\ndramatically over the past 20 years. In 1970, the population of \r\nthe east mountain area was about 4,000. Demographic projections \r\nsuggest that approximately 1,000 people per year are moving into \r\nthe area, and with a growth rate of 3.0 percent the population will \r\nbe 16,700 in 2000. Consequently, ground-water withdrawals have \r\nincreased substantially over the past 20 years, and will continue \r\nto increase.\r\n\r\nLittle is known about the flow characteristics and hydrogeologic \r\nproperties of the Madera Limestone. This report describes \r\nexisting information about the geologic and hydrologic framework \r\nand flow characteristics of the Madera Limestone, and presents a \r\nplan of study for data-collection activities and interpretive \r\nstudies that could be conducted to better define the hydrogeologic \r\ncharacteristics of the Madera Limestone.\r\n\r\nData-collection activities and interpretive studies related \r\nto the hydrogeologic components of the Madera Limestone are \r\nprioritized. Activities that are necessary to improve the \r\nquantification of a component are prioritized as essential. \r\nActivities that could add additional understanding of a \r\ncomponent, but would not be necessary to improve the \r\nquantification of a component, are prioritized as useful.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr99201","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rankin, D., 1999, Plan of study to define hydrogeologic characteristics of the Madera Limestone in the east mountain area of central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-201, v, 44 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99201.","productDescription":"v, 44 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0201/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53398,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0201/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6855f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rankin, D.R.","contributorId":28991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankin","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38096,"text":"ofr99190 - 1999 - Water quality and discharge data for St. Joseph Bay, Florida, 1997-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-07T20:06:16.497871","indexId":"ofr99190","displayToPublicDate":"1999-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-190","title":"Water quality and discharge data for St. Joseph Bay, Florida, 1997-98","docAbstract":"Historical data were compiled on water quality and water levels for the St. Joseph Bay area to assess quality of possible sources of land-derived water into the Bay. Ground-water quality data were compiled from Florida Department of Environmental Protection and surface-water quality data were compiled from U.S.Geological Survey files. Water-quality and water-level data were measured during two sample collection periods in October 1997 and March 1998 to determine water-quality and discharge rates in St. Joseph Bay under two sets of flow conditions. Measurements in the Bay included water level, temperature, pH, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity. \rMedian pH in water from the surficial, intermediate and Floridan aquifer systems ranged from 4.8 to 7.8, and median specific conductance values were less than 500 microsiemens per centimeter. Median nutrient concentrations-- nitrate plus nitrite, ammonia and phosphorus--in the three aquifers were less than 0.5 milligrams per liter. The median pH was 7.0 and the median specific conductance was 81 microsiemens per centimeter for two samples from the Chipola River distribution canal. Water level data were obtained for several wells near St. Joseph Bay but only two wells yielded sufficient data to plot hydrographs. \rMeasurements in St. Joseph Bay during the October and March collection periods were similar for pH and turbidity but differed for temperature, specific conductance and dissolved oxygen. The median temperature was 20.6 degrees Celsius in October and 15.4 degrees Celsius in March, median specific conductance was 39,500 microsiemens per centimeter in October and 43,300 microsiemens per centimeter in March, and median dissolved oxygen was 7.6 milligrams per liter in October and 8.3 milligrams per liter in March. The range in water levels over a tidal cycle in St. Joseph Bay on October 29, 1997 was about 1 foot. During a 24-hour tidal cycle on October 29, 1997, estimated hourly discharge varied from about -116,000 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) (into the Bay) to about +110,000 ft3/s (out of the Bay). During a 24-hour tidal cycle on March 3, 1998, the water level change was about 1.3 feet and estimated hourly discharge varied from about -132,000 ft3/s (into the Bay) to about +121,000 ft3/s (out of the Bay).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99190","usgsCitation":"Berndt, M.P., and Franklin, M., 1999, Water quality and discharge data for St. Joseph Bay, Florida, 1997-98: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-190, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99190.","productDescription":"20 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162904,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":412821,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19333.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":3442,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr99-190","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"St Joseph Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.21689363438676,\n 29.875514695904158\n ],\n [\n -85.425,\n 29.875514695904158\n ],\n [\n -85.425,\n 29.64957460709401\n ],\n [\n -85.21689363438676,\n 29.64957460709401\n ],\n [\n -85.21689363438676,\n 29.875514695904158\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa33a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berndt, M. P.","contributorId":74761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berndt","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franklin, M.A.","contributorId":13631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22267,"text":"ofr9966 - 1999 - Water-quality assessment of the eastern Iowa basins: Data, September 1995 through September 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-01T21:39:08.495779","indexId":"ofr9966","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-66","title":"Water-quality assessment of the eastern Iowa basins: Data, September 1995 through September 1996","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey began data-collection activities in the Eastern Iowa Basins study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program in September 1995 with the purpose of determining the status and trends in water quality. Surface-water data were collected, beginning in March 1996, on a monthly basis with occasional extra high- and low-flow samples. Data collected from 12 sites on rivers and streams in the study unit included determinations of the physical properties and concentrations of nutrients, major ions, organic carbon, trace elements, suspended sediment, and dissolved pesticides. Data collected at four additional sites included physical parameters and determination of the concentration of dissolved pesticides. In addition, bed-sediment and fish-tissue samples were collected at 16 sites and analyzed for trace elements and hydrophobic pesticides. There were two ground-water studies conducted in June and July 1996. The first looked at the quality of ground water in the Silurian-Devonian and Upper Carbonate aquifers and sampled 33 wells once, and the second examined the effects of agriculture on shallow ground water of the Iowa River alluvial aquifer and sampled 23 wells once. Ground-water samples were analyzed for physical properties, nutrients, major ions, organic carbon, trace elements, dissolved pesticides, and volatile organic compounds.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9966","usgsCitation":"Akers, K.K., Schnoebelen, D.J., Savoca, M.E., Roberts, L.R., and Becher, K., 1999, Water-quality assessment of the eastern Iowa basins: Data, September 1995 through September 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-66, viii, 154 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9966.","productDescription":"viii, 154 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1351,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr99-066/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":409038,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22511.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 41.85319643776675\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 41.64828831259535\n ],\n [\n -90.758056640625,\n 41.508577297439324\n ],\n [\n -91.153564453125,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -91.219482421875,\n 41.236511201246216\n ],\n [\n -91.0546875,\n 40.979898069620155\n ],\n [\n -91.241455078125,\n 40.75557964275591\n ],\n [\n -91.614990234375,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -91.856689453125,\n 40.68896903762434\n ],\n [\n -92.373046875,\n 40.979898069620155\n ],\n [\n -92.70263671874999,\n 41.20345619205129\n ],\n [\n -93.09814453125,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -93.50463867187499,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -93.702392578125,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -93.966064453125,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -93.97705078125,\n 42.26917949243506\n ],\n [\n -93.80126953124999,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -93.7353515625,\n 42.53689200787317\n ],\n [\n -93.71337890625,\n 42.73894375124379\n ],\n [\n -93.922119140625,\n 43.02874525134882\n ],\n [\n -94.09790039062499,\n 43.23719944365308\n ],\n [\n -94.053955078125,\n 43.476840397778915\n ],\n [\n -93.75732421875,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 43.874138181474734\n ],\n [\n -93.09814453125,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -92.43896484375,\n 43.1090040242731\n ],\n [\n -92.318115234375,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -92.16430664062499,\n 42.819580715795915\n ],\n [\n -92.032470703125,\n 42.53689200787317\n ],\n [\n -91.790771484375,\n 42.374778361114195\n ],\n [\n -91.47216796875,\n 42.17968819665961\n ],\n [\n -91.175537109375,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -90.867919921875,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -90.802001953125,\n 41.78769700539063\n ],\n [\n -90.5712890625,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 41.85319643776675\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","tableOfContents":"Abstract
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Description of the Eastern Iowa Basins
Implementation of Water-Quality Studies
Surface-Water-Quality Data Collection
Sampling Sites
Surface-Water Sample
Biologic Sample Collection
Analytical Procedures
Ground-Water-Quality Data
Geohydrology
Site Selection
Ground-Water Sample
Analytical Procedures
Water-Quality Analysis and Quality Control
Surface Water
Biology
Ground Water
Acknowledgments
Selected References
Hydrologic and Biologic Data
Long-term records from five streamflow-gaging stations within and near the 300-square mile Beaver Kill Basin were analyzed to determine whether construction and presence of New York State Route 17 (NY 17), which was completed in the late 1960's, could have altered hydrologic processes in the basin and thereby adversely affected the basin's trout populations. The hypothesis investigated is that NY 17 has altered surface-water and shallow ground-water flowpaths where it parallels the stream and has increased runoff rates and thereby (1) increased the range in stream discharge (prolonged the base flows, decreased the low flows, and increased the high flows), and (2) altered stream-channel morphology through increased volume and velocity of stormflows.
\nAnalyses of base flows, discharge-duration curves, stage-to-discharge relations, peak and bankfull discharges, and flow extremes at a downstream (Beaver Kill at Cooks Falls) and a small tributary (Little Beaver Kill at Livingston Manor) site provide only limited evidence that NY 17 affected hydrologic processes within the basin. These effects are best indicated by significant increases in the magnitude and (or) the frequency of moderate to large discharges (exceedence probabilities) on an instantaneous basis at the Beaver Kill at Cooks Falls site after 1965. Increases in stormflows can not be attributed solely to NY 17, however, because the trend was evident long before NY 17 was constructed. Changes in land use in parts of the watershed may have contributed to gradual and continuous increases in stormflows throughout the entire 80 (plus) years of record.
\nChanges in most base-flow and low-flow statistics for the downstream (Beaver Kill at Cooks Falls) site after 1965 are not statistically significant, but, changes in flow-duration curves and annual peak flows are evident. Flow-duration curves at this site indicate that there is a 16 percent increase in average daily flows after 1965. Annual peak flow data indicate that peak flows from storms recurring at 2-year (and longer) intervals after 1965 are significantly larger than those that recur at the same frequencies before 1965. The lack of comparable increases in peak flows from several nearby reference sites after 1965 indicate that the observed increases in peak flows may be unique to the Beaver Kill Basin.
\nFlow-duration curves and many base-flow and high-flow statistics for the small tributary paralleled by NY 17 in the in the upper reaches of the basin (Little Beaver Kill at Livingston Manor) appear to be considerably altered since NY 17 was constructed. Flow-duration curves at this site indicate that there is about a 54 percent increase in average daily flows after 1965. Increases in the ratio of average annual base flow to average annual flow until 1965 then subsequent decreases suggest an extreme affect of NY 17 on hydrology of the subbasin. The effect of NY 17 on hydrology of the Little Beaver Kill subbasin cannot be defined with certainty, however, because the flow record after 1965 is too short; discharge monitoring was discontinued in 1981.
\nThe increases in peak stormflows in the lower Beaver Kill basin through the period of record may have increased the rates of bed-sediment erosion (degradation) and deposition and accelerated changes in stream-channel morphology, however, these possible effects were not examined. Suggestions for further investigation of the effects of NY 17 and of other factors on hydrology, channel morphology, fish habitat, and fish populations in the Beaver Kill Basin include (1) addition of streamflow gages or a creststage gage network at critical locations, (2) a review of engineering records and other aerial photographs for indications of changes in channel morphology, (3) compilation of temperature data and modeling spatial extent and magnitude of stressful summer temperatures (to selected trout species), and (4) confirming the extent and severity of toxic thermal episodes using in-situ fish toxicity tests.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9865","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Town of Rockland","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B., 1999, Trends in base flows and extreme flows in the Beaver Kill Basin, Catskill Mountains, New York, 1915-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-65, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9865.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0065/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":51805,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0065/ofr19980065.pdf","text":"Report","size":"277 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 1998-0065"}],"contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Rd
Troy, NY 12180
(518) 285-5695
http://ny.water.usgs.gov/
The National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) program was conducted by the U.S. Government between 1974 and 1983. The NURE program was administered by the Grand Junction, CO, office of the Department of Energy. The program included airborne gamma-ray spectrometry and magnetic data collection as well as extensive geochemical sample collection and processing. Aeroradiometric and aeromagnetic surveys of 98 1° by 3° quadrangles were flown in Alaska between 1975 and 1980. The data were flown in 15 surveys by Texas Instruments (T.I.), Lockwood, Kessler, and Bartlett (LKB), and AeroServices (Aero) under contract to the U.S. Government. A series of contractor reports document the surveys on a quadrangle by quadrangle basis. We list references to these reports on the detailed survey index pages accessible through the Survey Irfo page.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9916","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Saltus, R.W., Riggle, F.E., Clark, B.T., and Hill, P.L., 1999, Merged aeroradiometric data for Alaska: A web site for distribution of gridded data and plot files: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-16, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9916.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1282,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0016/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51412,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0016/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0016/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":393118,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16457.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-162.255031,54.978353],[-162.30058,54.832594],[-162.41737,54.877491],[-162.255031,54.978353]]],[[[-160.0179,55.15613],[-159.889174,55.287138],[-159.905365,55.164689],[-159.816419,55.178051],[-160.183466,54.91568],[-160.191392,55.108574],[-160.0179,55.15613]]],[[[-159.455311,55.061452],[-159.328791,54.980598],[-159.426615,54.942266],[-159.455311,55.061452]]],[[[-161.718614,55.154166],[-161.608634,55.116906],[-161.862504,55.127598],[-161.718614,55.154166]]],[[[-160.506927,55.32773],[-160.486174,55.193617],[-160.806009,55.12567],[-160.797147,55.381521],[-160.344369,55.362962],[-160.330722,55.261045],[-160.506927,55.32773]]],[[[-160.21178,55.455862],[-160.141834,55.387154],[-160.27997,55.395905],[-160.21178,55.455862]]],[[[-165.790523,54.171758],[-165.714198,54.120815],[-166.098255,54.103538],[-166.002465,54.213629],[-165.790523,54.171758]]],[[[-165.523466,54.299895],[-165.405377,54.212837],[-165.629725,54.132558],[-165.681458,54.236914],[-165.523466,54.299895]]],[[[-162.801865,54.48944],[-162.588883,54.450064],[-162.611891,54.368077],[-162.86005,54.425452],[-162.801865,54.48944]]],[[[-170.286318,57.128169],[-170.311707,57.219122],[-170.161647,57.229656],[-170.286318,57.128169]]],[[[178.785825,51.633434],[179.462765,51.376176],[178.634021,51.623981],[178.785825,51.633434]]],[[[-176.762478,51.867878],[-176.789558,51.957211],[-176.603598,51.997056],[-176.543309,51.838624],[-176.268243,51.785498],[-176.930952,51.59247],[-176.918065,51.788003],[-176.762478,51.867878]]],[[[-177.800647,51.778294],[-177.909185,51.596671],[-178.172666,51.839985],[-177.615311,51.85508],[-177.800647,51.778294]]],[[[-177.360408,51.727533],[-177.631523,51.696844],[-177.099266,51.936119],[-177.13096,51.762772],[-177.360408,51.727533]]],[[[177.601645,52.016377],[177.235523,51.87326],[177.661607,52.112746],[177.601645,52.016377]]],[[[179.758993,51.946595],[179.649484,51.87367],[179.482464,51.982834],[179.758993,51.946595]]],[[[-174.301818,52.278949],[-174.408277,52.289872],[-174.185347,52.417788],[-173.989415,52.325275],[-174.177679,52.233638],[-174.090169,52.139119],[-175.27485,52.018619],[-174.301818,52.278949]]],[[[-173.602446,52.153773],[-173.019588,52.097881],[-173.511915,52.031278],[-174.04675,52.122403],[-173.602446,52.153773]]],[[[173.587554,52.476785],[173.769503,52.512072],[173.725696,52.356579],[173.3955,52.402647],[173.587554,52.476785]]],[[[172.763366,52.823656],[172.469022,52.911337],[173.107249,52.993228],[173.421682,52.845477],[172.763366,52.823656]]],[[[-168.211705,53.256184],[-169.041338,52.839348],[-168.617143,53.260985],[-168.366519,53.252024],[-168.315847,53.481729],[-167.816998,53.517947],[-167.872879,53.36736],[-168.211705,53.256184]]],[[[-166.728918,54.003111],[-166.57509,53.879236],[-166.373689,54.01003],[-166.210964,53.933557],[-166.547438,53.749404],[-166.119922,53.855048],[-166.111317,53.776856],[-166.656234,53.487119],[-167.798984,53.284757],[-167.102305,53.515077],[-167.16164,53.605909],[-167.041245,53.707929],[-166.779991,53.719126],[-167.141966,53.826932],[-166.728918,54.003111]]],[[[-169.553937,56.608682],[-169.473138,56.601741],[-169.75575,56.591922],[-169.553937,56.608682]]],[[[-165.721389,60.16962],[-165.539367,59.965175],[-166.157071,59.748886],[-167.111785,59.989349],[-167.421489,60.205431],[-166.847438,60.213592],[-166.124379,60.414253],[-165.697326,60.297238],[-165.721389,60.16962]]],[[[-173.052751,60.515252],[-172.951862,60.605671],[-172.269754,60.333887],[-172.595895,60.318233],[-173.052751,60.515252]]],[[[-160.918586,58.746935],[-160.700627,58.817368],[-160.880515,58.581325],[-161.07563,58.549916],[-160.918586,58.746935]]],[[[-151.930565,60.51632],[-151.839194,60.485862],[-152.079995,60.341191],[-151.930565,60.51632]]],[[[-131.246018,54.989555],[-131.253671,54.866779],[-131.469097,54.913153],[-131.246018,54.989555]]],[[[-131.759896,55.381845],[-131.748334,55.128588],[-131.870568,55.364553],[-131.759896,55.381845]]],[[[-158.800682,55.891025],[-158.7036,55.841532],[-158.889198,55.810123],[-158.800682,55.891025]]],[[[-131.56956,55.284114],[-131.350575,55.067042],[-131.579882,55.017576],[-131.56956,55.284114]]],[[[-133.344847,55.569327],[-133.289854,55.50187],[-133.609073,55.241486],[-133.690174,55.304409],[-133.733029,55.558757],[-133.644202,55.470815],[-133.344847,55.569327]]],[[[-133.104304,55.426907],[-133.416549,55.739647],[-133.701152,55.78516],[-133.347915,55.803943],[-133.384089,55.87677],[-133.799931,55.925349],[-133.548802,56.14284],[-133.593728,56.352192],[-133.094977,56.250583],[-132.146062,55.470346],[-132.514798,55.576767],[-132.608786,55.486348],[-132.408317,55.512522],[-132.166857,55.363039],[-132.214912,55.2457],[-131.979818,55.211787],[-132.180334,55.015557],[-131.984592,55.027978],[-131.999591,54.731975],[-132.142277,54.691674],[-132.55839,54.932612],[-132.598675,55.150482],[-132.748854,54.996007],[-133.119294,55.251405],[-132.909706,54.923594],[-132.650001,54.904387],[-132.676226,54.680865],[-132.866355,54.700386],[-133.21042,55.040269],[-133.223791,55.229317],[-133.473593,55.255547],[-133.021557,55.366336],[-133.104304,55.426907]]],[[[-147.483828,60.618636],[-147.487635,60.728092],[-147.3087,60.665274],[-147.483828,60.618636]]],[[[-147.217704,60.293504],[-146.962633,60.311911],[-147.533041,59.852401],[-147.912883,59.79224],[-147.217704,60.293504]]],[[[-147.562801,60.579821],[-147.720124,60.202002],[-147.908985,60.224359],[-147.782548,60.4833],[-147.562801,60.579821]]],[[[-132.977163,56.439673],[-132.634335,56.422174],[-132.662081,56.274795],[-133.010587,56.309492],[-132.977163,56.439673]]],[[[-135.631777,58.380673],[-135.538502,58.337842],[-135.727908,58.365444],[-135.631777,58.380673]]],[[[-134.713987,58.220748],[-134.215981,58.162128],[-133.832895,57.635733],[-134.202353,57.90633],[-133.870327,57.381298],[-134.565687,57.023737],[-134.646773,57.226327],[-134.578511,57.400291],[-134.486023,57.372492],[-134.969189,58.367542],[-134.713987,58.220748]]],[[[-155.656727,55.860872],[-155.564404,55.809476],[-155.718593,55.772356],[-155.656727,55.860872]]],[[[-152.24289,58.241192],[-152.265111,58.135732],[-152.562829,58.177979],[-152.706831,58.050577],[-153.075746,58.099571],[-152.876788,58.002307],[-152.982406,57.984697],[-153.419783,58.059638],[-153.156402,58.090087],[-153.209672,58.15035],[-152.610955,58.475775],[-152.56771,58.621304],[-152.354709,58.63828],[-152.493991,58.354684],[-152.328063,58.434372],[-151.964103,58.269049],[-152.081083,58.154275],[-152.24289,58.241192]]],[[[-153.940505,56.558317],[-154.343096,56.510171],[-154.223759,56.612955],[-153.940505,56.558317]]],[[[-152.417424,57.815464],[-152.324284,57.824444],[-152.468172,57.600996],[-152.179531,57.624809],[-152.323683,57.467861],[-152.9663,57.51217],[-152.601148,57.382165],[-153.079288,57.32196],[-152.97091,57.282624],[-153.163333,57.216713],[-152.874839,57.16095],[-153.301142,56.991192],[-153.328206,57.141993],[-153.675981,57.06983],[-153.543429,56.995245],[-153.97178,56.744861],[-154.129017,56.742168],[-153.804787,57.113158],[-154.298965,56.846479],[-154.574343,57.239919],[-154.777368,57.280008],[-154.629678,57.510197],[-154.22566,57.661366],[-153.994572,57.656905],[-153.802932,57.350896],[-153.877756,57.629529],[-153.667261,57.639008],[-153.93522,57.813047],[-153.721176,57.890615],[-153.557647,57.734741],[-153.324872,57.831048],[-153.528697,57.921717],[-153.469421,57.977282],[-153.127278,57.856748],[-153.299009,57.985626],[-152.723425,57.99172],[-152.904312,57.750825],[-152.415177,57.973081],[-152.324103,57.916604],[-152.417424,57.815464]]],[[[-134.283312,55.925175],[-134.173104,55.918519],[-134.327238,55.83644],[-134.283312,55.925175]]],[[[-134.121514,56.069847],[-134.224073,56.065223],[-134.292353,56.352644],[-134.067466,56.390987],[-134.089604,56.472582],[-134.401407,56.725419],[-134.339168,56.90183],[-134.19095,56.861675],[-134.273113,56.933823],[-133.76778,56.780469],[-133.713331,56.598298],[-133.895746,56.511217],[-133.971228,56.083293],[-134.054411,56.224854],[-134.121514,56.069847]]],[[[-132.546463,56.606563],[-132.984751,56.51264],[-133.325392,56.791864],[-133.089388,56.535474],[-133.603669,56.435413],[-133.689996,56.839421],[-134.049218,57.029203],[-133.104611,57.005701],[-132.546463,56.606563]]],[[[-134.666587,56.169947],[-135.054049,56.527658],[-135.005249,56.602252],[-135.398678,56.779201],[-135.372021,57.228003],[-135.674687,57.336747],[-135.526036,57.509697],[-134.849477,57.40967],[-134.615955,56.637289],[-134.666587,56.169947]]],[[[-135.587961,57.89732],[-135.29156,57.737468],[-134.929726,57.759203],[-134.824891,57.500067],[-135.025148,57.454315],[-135.571606,57.674397],[-135.669416,57.389296],[-135.892131,57.408048],[-136.563223,58.035052],[-136.354836,58.192279],[-136.404805,58.267232],[-136.239246,58.171913],[-135.823562,58.282975],[-135.522646,58.185909],[-135.581753,57.997568],[-135.420107,58.144202],[-134.912854,57.979287],[-135.140674,57.926114],[-134.991819,57.835436],[-135.19896,57.775092],[-135.587961,57.89732]]],[[[-135.703464,57.32204],[-135.575722,57.104231],[-135.854131,56.995043],[-135.755997,57.121225],[-135.849974,57.265895],[-135.703464,57.32204]]],[[[-162.587754,63.275727],[-162.252411,63.541753],[-161.310181,63.471312],[-160.809089,63.731332],[-160.976038,64.235761],[-161.492926,64.407851],[-161.388621,64.532783],[-161.024185,64.499719],[-160.783398,64.71716],[-161.149655,64.911985],[-161.42986,64.759027],[-162.188146,64.672395],[-162.790167,64.325182],[-162.940776,64.542417],[-163.217757,64.632062],[-163.311983,64.58828],[-163.033231,64.519314],[-163.175336,64.399334],[-163.597834,64.563356],[-165.001961,64.433917],[-166.189546,64.575798],[-166.451788,64.691761],[-166.410198,64.827968],[-166.530518,64.937114],[-166.911922,65.125965],[-166.521506,65.149242],[-166.439404,65.319058],[-167.398458,65.400259],[-168.127044,65.626584],[-165.80503,66.33331],[-164.400727,66.58111],[-163.754171,66.551284],[-163.904813,66.230303],[-164.046937,66.209404],[-163.623921,66.058281],[-161.838018,66.022582],[-161.548429,66.239912],[-161.067871,66.235164],[-161.360743,66.375943],[-161.912946,66.344436],[-161.87488,66.511446],[-162.501415,66.742503],[-162.601052,66.898455],[-162.271769,66.904144],[-162.013623,66.779406],[-162.033156,66.631585],[-161.624334,66.450143],[-161.326349,66.478371],[-161.86618,66.704978],[-161.719587,66.916898],[-161.485121,66.945647],[-161.62216,67.008146],[-163.69887,67.114443],[-163.878781,67.416125],[-164.209816,67.639079],[-166.784578,68.340431],[-166.305962,68.46154],[-166.222496,68.860441],[-163.973678,68.985044],[-163.137614,69.352178],[-163.016456,69.538142],[-163.118176,69.589156],[-162.916958,69.692512],[-163.010545,69.728109],[-161.922949,70.291599],[-160.839536,70.344534],[-159.209082,70.870067],[-159.132483,70.828359],[-159.290577,70.811262],[-159.13779,70.758609],[-157.768452,70.875842],[-156.56865,71.352561],[-155.513987,71.096794],[-155.95205,70.964831],[-155.969194,70.827982],[-155.543031,70.847175],[-155.03174,71.146473],[-154.61605,71.026182],[-154.577386,70.835335],[-154.181863,70.768325],[-153.23848,70.922467],[-152.259966,70.84282],[-152.187197,70.801546],[-152.471531,70.68884],[-152.433781,70.616926],[-151.695162,70.549675],[-151.91921,70.472686],[-151.844375,70.434959],[-149.461755,70.518271],[-147.681722,70.199954],[-145.842689,70.164102],[-144.902304,69.96451],[-143.574986,70.154598],[-142.746807,70.042531],[-141.377718,69.634631],[-141.002672,69.645609],[-141.00184,60.306105],[-139.989142,60.18524],[-139.738924,60.31842],[-139.086669,60.357654],[-139.200346,60.090701],[-137.604277,59.243057],[-137.526424,58.906834],[-136.581521,59.164909],[-136.474326,59.464194],[-136.234229,59.524731],[-136.256889,59.623646],[-135.477436,59.799626],[-135.254125,59.701339],[-135.027456,59.563692],[-134.961972,59.280376],[-134.702383,59.247836],[-134.250526,58.858046],[-133.379908,58.427909],[-133.461475,58.385526],[-132.29792,57.269469],[-132.371312,57.095229],[-132.051044,57.051155],[-132.080262,56.850926],[-131.9301,56.835211],[-131.849898,56.661227],[-130.102761,56.116696],[-130.023189,55.930665],[-130.150595,55.767031],[-129.982348,55.302079],[-130.409764,54.881192],[-130.854966,54.766341],[-131.093806,55.191335],[-130.925069,55.300713],[-130.901872,55.69738],[-131.093956,55.895675],[-131.243491,55.973689],[-130.94683,55.650716],[-130.959772,55.315892],[-131.000594,55.398012],[-131.160492,55.197481],[-131.263089,55.208318],[-131.191595,55.360527],[-131.402931,55.238065],[-131.828446,55.445214],[-131.664629,55.581525],[-131.713742,55.853263],[-131.828176,55.877284],[-131.936689,55.535151],[-132.183207,55.588128],[-132.283594,55.761774],[-132.067412,55.875078],[-131.943402,56.192557],[-132.320487,55.887648],[-132.708697,56.112124],[-132.543076,56.332276],[-132.382793,56.299203],[-132.394268,56.485579],[-132.204367,56.372086],[-132.371589,56.672473],[-132.528446,56.702056],[-132.432385,56.782385],[-132.770404,56.837486],[-132.91197,56.966651],[-132.813684,57.030218],[-133.466932,57.159356],[-133.489738,57.305192],[-133.287052,57.30292],[-133.475998,57.380394],[-133.478086,57.56173],[-133.66439,57.611707],[-133.65855,57.707924],[-133.234598,57.608749],[-134.049603,58.062027],[-134.087674,58.181952],[-134.631203,58.247446],[-135.368331,59.263275],[-135.295084,59.08761],[-135.38931,58.990528],[-135.142322,58.61637],[-135.056227,58.189884],[-135.433061,58.399899],[-135.90731,58.380839],[-136.120307,58.968418],[-136.150772,58.757266],[-136.247343,58.752935],[-136.877826,58.962392],[-136.928643,58.900131],[-136.463258,58.781607],[-136.422309,58.647412],[-136.246368,58.663185],[-136.041818,58.380161],[-136.70125,58.219416],[-137.608804,58.601234],[-138.131,59.002613],[-139.855565,59.53666],[-139.51818,59.687814],[-139.625896,59.904084],[-139.486032,60.012407],[-140.272266,59.700609],[-141.423134,59.877329],[-141.299609,59.937397],[-141.384318,60.071598],[-141.73624,59.961905],[-142.698419,60.093333],[-144.035037,60.020202],[-144.59088,59.795581],[-144.052539,60.041759],[-144.892815,60.292821],[-144.964135,60.444466],[-145.113885,60.300978],[-145.9469,60.455395],[-145.712891,60.583249],[-146.689523,60.271279],[-146.637783,60.467178],[-145.795141,60.601121],[-145.841742,60.685893],[-146.253471,60.622315],[-146.101458,60.719277],[-146.191553,60.73199],[-146.668151,60.692761],[-146.183555,60.846969],[-146.262969,60.867787],[-146.801009,60.80516],[-146.653827,61.047752],[-146.262451,61.090246],[-146.613659,61.118799],[-147.378483,60.877845],[-147.525453,60.896057],[-147.514173,61.096127],[-147.66899,60.841563],[-148.134384,60.791268],[-147.715826,61.249669],[-148.426951,60.827113],[-148.384491,60.687754],[-148.148059,60.758536],[-148.091712,60.676249],[-148.30652,60.550702],[-148.115163,60.596029],[-147.942106,60.444029],[-148.025994,60.279029],[-148.171278,60.335266],[-148.362497,60.221849],[-147.913221,60.132576],[-148.016432,59.999344],[-147.848469,60.078962],[-147.917935,59.985997],[-148.225235,59.950195],[-148.148011,59.994952],[-148.274241,60.013318],[-148.293213,60.151289],[-148.401601,59.9976],[-149.133115,60.044918],[-149.287588,59.906506],[-149.341584,60.076762],[-149.584254,59.866905],[-149.526358,59.703258],[-149.666147,59.850527],[-149.746364,59.860881],[-149.74622,59.637585],[-150.028296,59.788652],[-149.928962,59.723245],[-150.392481,59.387265],[-150.316945,59.585285],[-150.478742,59.458498],[-150.547729,59.590331],[-150.942212,59.233136],[-151.915684,59.227522],[-151.991618,59.313617],[-151.826047,59.439049],[-151.272459,59.555823],[-150.927312,59.793431],[-151.503822,59.633662],[-151.829137,59.720151],[-151.71801,60.009473],[-151.30609,60.387257],[-151.40927,60.720558],[-150.353702,61.031822],[-150.217179,60.930001],[-149.111617,60.878949],[-150.039304,61.144291],[-149.429513,61.447165],[-149.542776,61.489995],[-149.919682,61.26347],[-150.646221,61.296689],[-151.783271,60.868713],[-151.702833,60.727778],[-151.860179,60.753282],[-152.309221,60.506384],[-152.234199,60.393888],[-152.715881,60.241274],[-152.596784,60.101071],[-152.745083,59.904232],[-153.225937,59.858343],[-153.021945,59.834133],[-153.214156,59.634271],[-153.366613,59.633729],[-153.439977,59.784652],[-153.577828,59.555991],[-154.087803,59.367967],[-154.260121,59.14302],[-153.254798,58.861756],[-153.445002,58.70931],[-153.851432,58.611872],[-154.291163,58.13568],[-154.990431,58.013424],[-155.37861,57.710766],[-155.617188,57.769715],[-155.731412,57.555546],[-156.044031,57.564455],[-156.036722,57.470941],[-156.481632,57.338705],[-156.551239,57.2908],[-156.336427,57.336081],[-156.355401,57.159679],[-156.5472,56.986488],[-157.201724,56.767511],[-157.45759,56.848204],[-157.536486,56.615317],[-158.042012,56.596744],[-157.859766,56.483668],[-158.402954,56.455193],[-158.498837,56.38011],[-158.112718,56.240286],[-158.475258,56.093405],[-158.417889,56.036796],[-158.575042,56.121129],[-158.737009,55.953313],[-159.472801,55.83905],[-159.696713,55.573306],[-159.627482,55.803248],[-159.81107,55.85657],[-160.410823,55.66538],[-160.481633,55.489068],[-160.909625,55.52414],[-161.231535,55.357452],[-161.445196,55.368103],[-161.376102,55.569794],[-161.587047,55.62006],[-161.878076,55.223599],[-162.041236,55.236806],[-162.053281,55.074212],[-162.489735,55.064849],[-162.4168,55.104096],[-162.584872,55.298386],[-162.692309,55.197313],[-162.569289,54.97124],[-162.881639,54.934785],[-163.165036,55.099214],[-163.226313,55.042694],[-163.067008,54.979302],[-163.373207,54.800841],[-163.057228,54.688101],[-163.344791,54.751211],[-163.572383,54.623211],[-164.179617,54.599188],[-164.41682,54.431713],[-164.844931,54.417583],[-164.949781,54.575697],[-164.48678,54.922441],[-163.568159,55.049145],[-163.318885,54.88012],[-163.268767,55.145465],[-162.86152,55.198339],[-161.816225,55.888993],[-160.898682,55.999014],[-160.814205,55.953834],[-160.940845,55.822529],[-160.806014,55.738241],[-160.668102,55.723556],[-160.769155,55.858268],[-160.293924,55.765556],[-160.273176,55.856881],[-160.534541,55.989498],[-160.357156,56.279582],[-158.957471,56.851184],[-158.660298,56.789015],[-158.659945,57.034585],[-158.376249,57.265542],[-157.786046,57.542189],[-157.573472,57.522732],[-157.703782,57.721768],[-157.596601,58.08867],[-157.39735,58.173383],[-157.524477,58.414506],[-156.980888,58.891031],[-158.190283,58.61371],[-158.512547,58.78311],[-158.487015,58.999872],[-158.179588,59.012245],[-158.522231,59.021763],[-158.789632,58.814257],[-158.827852,58.626432],[-158.704052,58.482759],[-158.880927,58.39067],[-159.657362,58.938712],[-159.908386,58.779903],[-160.322922,58.953953],[-160.31778,59.070477],[-161.751999,58.551842],[-162.171722,58.648441],[-161.769501,58.774937],[-161.828171,59.062702],[-162.048584,59.254177],[-161.738312,59.46701],[-162.453176,60.27854],[-162.1724,60.624038],[-162.571198,60.25189],[-162.453176,60.197639],[-162.503647,59.99923],[-163.349027,59.81989],[-164.079837,59.828034],[-164.1916,60.024496],[-165.129403,60.433707],[-164.961439,60.508391],[-165.362975,60.506866],[-164.97125,60.711434],[-164.945958,60.92106],[-165.132488,60.850145],[-165.194945,60.9739],[-164.87045,61.079564],[-165.2897,61.181714],[-165.403007,61.06706],[-165.578127,61.100361],[-165.662892,61.29457],[-165.921194,61.40308],[-165.767226,61.45695],[-165.807627,61.529171],[-166.165232,61.550618],[-166.158976,61.700437],[-165.82214,61.67061],[-166.092081,61.800733],[-165.640216,61.848041],[-165.706155,62.108365],[-164.837703,62.685267],[-164.783858,62.946154],[-164.493118,63.17767],[-164.066991,63.262276],[-163.316203,63.037763],[-162.587754,63.275727]]],[[[-169.267598,63.343995],[-168.692939,63.302282],[-168.818344,63.163224],[-169.396308,63.136617],[-169.638309,62.937527],[-170.512102,63.341881],[-171.067663,63.424579],[-171.433319,63.307578],[-171.849984,63.485039],[-171.699647,63.781728],[-170.950817,63.570127],[-170.281988,63.68502],[-169.974858,63.470618],[-169.267598,63.343995]]],[[[-162.614621,63.621832],[-162.341892,63.594062],[-162.676581,63.555648],[-162.614621,63.621832]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Alaska\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624e8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saltus, R. W.","contributorId":85588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"R.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riggle, F. E.","contributorId":93874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, B. T.","contributorId":108070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hill, P. L.","contributorId":30201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":23286,"text":"ofr98564 - 1999 - Documentation for HYDMOD; a program for extracting and processing time-series data from the U.S. Geological Survey's modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:03","indexId":"ofr98564","displayToPublicDate":"1999-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-564","title":"Documentation for HYDMOD; a program for extracting and processing time-series data from the U.S. Geological Survey's modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model","docAbstract":"This report presents a FORTRAN computer program that generates simulated time-series data as output from the U.S. Geological Survey Modular Finite-Difference Ground-Water Flow Model at user-specified point locations or a collection of points that compose a profile through the modeled region. The program can save time-series data at user-specified locations for simulated water levels, drawdown, critical head, compaction, subsidence, streamflow, streamflow stage, and streamflow leakage. A set of locations also can be specified to create time-series profiles through the model. These data can be used to establish the performance of the model and can help with model calibration and other forms of flow-system and water-resource analysis.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98564","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., and Leake, S.A., 1999, Documentation for HYDMOD; a program for extracting and processing time-series data from the U.S. Geological Survey's modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-564, v, 57 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98564.","productDescription":"v, 57 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0564/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52572,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0564/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635adc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leake, Stanley A. 0000-0003-3568-2542 saleake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2542","contributorId":1846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley","email":"saleake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70210547,"text":"70210547 - 1999 - Pool 13 drawdown: Predicting success rates and affected areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-27T19:13:43.921939","indexId":"70210547","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T13:22:22","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":44,"text":"Long Term Resource Monitoring Program Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"99-T002","title":"Pool 13 drawdown: Predicting success rates and affected areas","docAbstract":"The likelihood of 1- or 2-foot drawdowns, and the area affected by such alternative drawdowns, was estimated for Pool 13 on the Upper Mississippi River. Minimum water surface (elevation) requirements were compared to computed water surface profiles to determine a critical low flow that would allow a navigation channel 400 feet wide and 10.5 feet deep. An upper limit on flow was established based on the flow at which open river conditions would exist for a given drawdown. The range in flows that would allow for a drawdown was used to estimate success rates using historical daily discharge data. Success rates were determined for a variety of drawdown durations between two time periods. May 1—August 15 and June 15—August 15. The greatest effect of the drawdown would he near Lock and Dam 13. Higher discharges, as well as distance from the dam. lessen the drawdown amount. Areas that would he affected by these two drawdown scenarios were predicted by overlaying maps of water surfaces with depths using a geographic information system. Although the drawdown effects on most physical and biotic components of Pool 13 arc unknown, some general drawdown effects likely to occur because of the changes in water surface elevation are presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Rogala, J.T., Wlosinski, J.H., and Landwehr, K.J., 1999, Pool 13 drawdown: Predicting success rates and affected areas: Long Term Resource Monitoring Program Technical Report 99-T002, v, 27 p.","productDescription":"v, 27 p.","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":401314,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210547/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":396806,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70995.htm"},{"id":396807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210547/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Pool 13, upper Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.60699462890625,\n 41.84705871212191\n ],\n [\n -90.0384521484375,\n 41.84705871212191\n ],\n [\n -90.0384521484375,\n 42.37883631647602\n ],\n [\n -90.60699462890625,\n 42.37883631647602\n ],\n [\n -90.60699462890625,\n 41.84705871212191\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogala, James T. 0000-0002-1954-4097 jrogala@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1954-4097","contributorId":2651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogala","given":"James","email":"jrogala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wlosinski, Joseph H.","contributorId":75488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wlosinski","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landwehr, Kevin J.","contributorId":288096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landwehr","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":22249,"text":"ofr99218 - 1999 - Vegetative resistance to flow in south Florida: Summary of vegetation sampling at sites NESRS3 and P33, Shark River Slough, November, 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T17:24:15.537386","indexId":"ofr99218","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T21:50:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-218","title":"Vegetative resistance to flow in south Florida: Summary of vegetation sampling at sites NESRS3 and P33, Shark River Slough, November, 1996","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is one of many agencies participating in the effort to restore the South Florida Everglades. We are sampling and characterizing the vegetation at selected sites in the Everglades as part of a study to quantify vegetative flow resistance. The objectives of the vegetation sampling are (1) to provide detailed information on species composition, vegetation characteristics, vegetation structure, and biomass for quantification of vegetative resistance to flow, and (2) to use this information to classify the vegetation and to improve existing vegetation maps for use with numerical models of surface-water flow. Vegetation was sampled at two sites in the Shark River Slough in November, 1996. The data collected and presented here include those for live and dead standing sawgrass, other dead material, periphyton biomass, vegetation characteristics and structure, and leaf area index.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99218","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Carter, V., Reel, J.T., Rybicki, N.B., Ruhl, H.A., Gammon, P.T., and Lee, J.K., 1999, Vegetative resistance to flow in south Florida: Summary of vegetation sampling at sites NESRS3 and P33, Shark River Slough, November, 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-218, vi, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99218.","productDescription":"vi, 90 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":51676,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0218/ofr99218.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":155167,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0218/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park, Shark River Slough","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.892333984375,\n 25.456914906486638\n ],\n [\n -80.4913330078125,\n 25.456914906486638\n ],\n [\n -80.4913330078125,\n 25.752898642900437\n ],\n [\n -80.892333984375,\n 25.752898642900437\n ],\n [\n -80.892333984375,\n 25.456914906486638\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314