Episodic slip on shallow crustal faults can be qualitatively explained by postulating a fault constitutive law that is the superposition of two limiting material responses: (1) strain softening after peak stress during large strain rates, and (2) strength (peak stress) recovery during aging at small strain rates. A single law permits a variety of seismic and aseismic phenomena to occur over a range of space and time scales. Specific cases are determined by the spatial variation of material constants, recent deformation history, crustal rigidity, and remote forcing.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90280-4","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Stuart, W.D., 1979, Aging and strain softening model for episodic faulting: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 613-626, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90280-4.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"613","endPage":"626","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222358,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e90ce4b0c8380cd4806f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuart, William D. stuart@usgs.gov","contributorId":3223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuart","given":"William","email":"stuart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":363767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010323,"text":"70010323 - 1979 - Dislocation modeling of creep-related tilt changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-04T16:00:42.765558","indexId":"70010323","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dislocation modeling of creep-related tilt changes","docAbstract":"First-order vertical level surveys (National Geodetic Survey) repeated between 1955 and 1975 suggest that modern vertical crustal movements have taken place in the Atlantic Coastal Plain between Charleston, South Carolina and Savannah, Georgia. The relative sense of these movements correlates with the sense of displacement of Tertiary strata on known geologic structures. Whereas regional dip of strata in most of the Atlantic Coastal Plain is southeasterly, the regional dip of Tertiary strata in this part of the Coastal Plain averages 2 m/km to the south or southwest. Positive structural features disturb this regional dip along a poorly defined zone, about 25 km wide, parallel to the coast between Savannah and Charleston. Structural relief on these features is as much as 20 m. Repeated level lines that cross the Atlantic Coastal Plain elsewhere generally show an increase in modern relative subsidence from west to east. However, in the Charleston—Savannah area, the amount of relative subsidence remains fairly constant or decreases from west to east across the structural highs. At two localities near Charleston, where Tertiary beds are offset by faults roughly on strike with one another, an abrupt break in a repeated level line occurs where the level line crosses the probable extensions of these faults. The average modern rates of relative uplift and subsidence (assuming they are constant) are compatible with rates noted throughout the Coastal Plain. Long-term extrapolation of modern rates appears unreasonable; episodic or oscillatory movements are much more likely.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90223-3","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Lyttle, P.T., Gohn, G., Higgins, B., and Wright, D., 1979, Vertical crustal movements in the Charleston, South Carolina-Savannah, Georgia area: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 183-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90223-3.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"189","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221822,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.89939091011503,\n 33.56449440727431\n ],\n [\n -81.89939091011503,\n 31.94598797126214\n ],\n [\n -79.42308747915132,\n 31.94598797126214\n ],\n [\n -79.42308747915132,\n 33.56449440727431\n ],\n [\n -81.89939091011503,\n 33.56449440727431\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc22fe4b08c986b32a9a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyttle, Peter T.","contributorId":244786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyttle","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":363478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gohn, Gregory S. ggohn@usgs.gov","contributorId":147414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gohn","given":"Gregory S.","email":"ggohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Higgins, Brenda","contributorId":106106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"Brenda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, D.S.","contributorId":56799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70010362,"text":"70010362 - 1979 - Elastic expansion of the lithosphere caused by groundwater withdrawal in south-central Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-04T16:51:35.160881","indexId":"70010362","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elastic expansion of the lithosphere caused by groundwater withdrawal in south-central Arizona","docAbstract":"Relative crustal uplift observed from 1948–1949 to 1967 in the Lower Santa Cruz River Basin in south-central Arizona is attributed at least in part to elastic expansion of the lithosphere induced by the removal, and subsequent loss by evapo transpiration, of 4.35 × 1013 kg of groundwater from alluvium. The area of unloading is approximately 8070 km2. Uplift, relative to an apparently stable area west of the unloaded area, was observed in two areas near Casa Grande and Florence where crystalline bedrock is either close to the land surface or crops out through alluvium from which groundwater was withdrawn. The magnitudes of uplift were approximately 6.3 and 7.5 cm respectively. The observations are based on first-order leveling. The observations are significant at three standard deviations for random surveying errors, and are not believed to be affected by systematic errors. However, the 7.5-cm uplift observed at Florence may be from 1 to 2 cm in excess of the actual uplift because of the possibility of subsidence of a tie point due to groundwater pumping during the leveling in 1948–1949.
Uplift is attributed to groundwater withdrawal on three bases. First, the observed uplift is consistent with a theoretical evaluation of elastic expansion based on linear elasticity theory. For the observed distribution of unloading and uplift and a Poisson's ratio of 0.25, a Young's modulus for the lithosphere of approximately 0.68 Mbar is implied. This value is comparable to values of the lithosphere reported elsewhere. Second, the magnitude of uplift compares favorably with the magnitude of elastic depression caused by the formation of Lake Mead, Arizona—Nevada, 430 km northwest of the study area, when allowance is made for the different magnitudes and areal distributions of surface (un)loading. And third, in the area near Casa Grande, a reversal in the sense of bedrock displacement form subsidence of tectonic origin to uplift approximately coincided with the beginning of large groundwater overdraft. The uplift from 1948 to 1967 near Casa Grande was preceded from 1905 to 1948 by 7–8 cm of tectonic subsidence; no precise data for the area near Florence are available before 1948.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90236-1","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T., 1979, Elastic expansion of the lithosphere caused by groundwater withdrawal in south-central Arizona: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 304-304, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90236-1.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"304","endPage":"304","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219606,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"south-central Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.03416166288255,\n 33.907867445210215\n ],\n [\n -113.03416166288255,\n 31.331659801949186\n ],\n [\n -110.66198484870762,\n 31.331659801949186\n ],\n [\n -110.66198484870762,\n 33.907867445210215\n ],\n [\n -113.03416166288255,\n 33.907867445210215\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0881e4b0c8380cd51b4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, T.L.","contributorId":35739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012504,"text":"70012504 - 1979 - Two areas of probable holocene deformation in southwestern Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-04T16:18:27.471378","indexId":"70012504","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two areas of probable holocene deformation in southwestern Utah","docAbstract":"Recent geologic studies in southwestern Utah indicate two areas of probable Holocene ground deformation.
1. (1) A narrow arm of Lake Bonneville is known to have extended southward into Escalante Valley as far as Lund, Utah. Remnants of weakly developed shoreline features, which we have recently found, suggest that Lake Bonnevile covered an area of about 800 km2 beyond its previously recognized limits near Lund. Shoreline elevations show a gradual increase from 1553 m near Lund to 1584 m at a point 50 km further southwest, representing a reversal of the pattern that would result from isostatic rebound. The conspicuously flat floor of Escalante Valley covers an additional 100 km2 southward toward Enterprise, where its elevation is greater than 1610 m, but no shoreline features are recognizable; therefore, the former presence of the lake is only suspected. The measured 31-m rise over 50 km and the suspected 57-m rise in elevation over 70 km apparently occurred after Lake Bonnevile abandoned this area. The abandonment could have occurred as recently as 13,000 years ago, in which case the uplift is mainly of Holocene age. It probably has a deep-seated tectonic origin because it is situated above an inferred 9-km upwarp of the mantle that has been reported beneath the southern part of Escalante Valley on the basis of teleseismic P-wave residuals.
2. (2) Numerous closed topographic basins, ranging from a few hundred square meters to 1 km2 in area, are found at various elevations along the west margin of the Colorado Plateau northeast of Cedar City. Geologic mapping in that area indicates that the basins are located over complex structural depressions in which the rocks are faulted and folded. Several of the depressions are perched along the walls of the West Fork of Braffits Creek, one of a few north-draining creeks that have incised deeply into the plateau margin. Extremely active modern erosion by the creek has produced a 6-km-long gorge along which excellent exposures provide good evidence that the topographic depressions, as well as the entire valley, are located over a north-trending structural graben in which rocks of Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Quaternary age are complexly deformed. The trough appears to be actively subsiding, as evidenced by inward-dipping youthful scarps and V-shaped trenches found along both walls of the valley. The scarp on the east side is continuous for 1.5 km, and that on the west is discontinuous for the same distance. Charcoal-bearing alluvium from a sequence of faulted sedimentary debris in the inner gorge has yielded discordant dates by the 14C technique, but the dates suggest that at least 6 m of fault displacement occurred during the Late Holocene.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90257-9","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R., and Bucknam, R., 1979, Two areas of probable holocene deformation in southwestern Utah: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 417-430, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90257-9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"417","endPage":"430","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222419,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"southwestern Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.13988686177788,\n 38.76852920061029\n ],\n [\n -112.13988686177788,\n 36.95389428410948\n ],\n [\n -109.0304136471782,\n 36.95389428410948\n ],\n [\n -109.0304136471782,\n 38.76852920061029\n ],\n [\n -112.13988686177788,\n 38.76852920061029\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb94be4b08c986b327baf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, R.E.","contributorId":91479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bucknam, R.C.","contributorId":35744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bucknam","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012482,"text":"70012482 - 1979 - Early 20th-century uplift of the northern Peninsular Ranges province of southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-05T16:19:29.965797","indexId":"70012482","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early 20th-century uplift of the northern Peninsular Ranges province of southern California","docAbstract":"Repeated leveling in the northern Peninsular Ranges province identifies an early 20thcentury episode of crustal upwarping in southern California. The episodic vertical movement is broadly bracketed between 1897 and 1934, and the main deformation is bracketed within 1906–1914 and involved regional up-to-the-northeast tilting of the Santa Ana block of as much as 4 · 10−6 rad and elevation changes exceeding 0.4 m in the Perris block and parts of the San Jacinto block, Transverse Ranges, and the Mohave block. Primary tide station records containing occasional entries since 1853 at San Pedro and San Diego show no evidence of episodic crustal movement, suggesting that the uplifted area hinged along coastal fault zones forming the west boundary of the Santa Ana block.
Physiographic features and recent studies of Quaternary marine terraces by others show that this episode of regional tilting and uplift is a part of the continuing tectonic process in southern California. A crude, questionable coincidence exists between the uplift episode and a period of increased seismicity (1890–1923) in the northern Peninsular Ranges characterized by a number of moderate-size (M > 6) earthquakes on NW-trending strike-slip faults. However, releveling data are too sparse to associate the uplift development clearly with any one event.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90230-0","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Wood, S.H., and Elliott, M.R., 1979, Early 20th-century uplift of the northern Peninsular Ranges province of southern California: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 249-265, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90230-0.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"265","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222082,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"southern California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.7291858900493,\n 35.46353030675584\n ],\n [\n -120.7291858900493,\n 32.603965801918534\n ],\n [\n -114.22074772045107,\n 32.603965801918534\n ],\n [\n -114.22074772045107,\n 35.46353030675584\n ],\n [\n -120.7291858900493,\n 35.46353030675584\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0473e4b0c8380cd509c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Spencer H. 0000-0002-5794-2619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-2619","contributorId":16111,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Spencer","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":363723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, Michael R.","contributorId":291274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elliott","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":62651,"text":"Department of Biological & Marine Sciences, University of Hull and International Estuarine & Coastal Specialists (IECS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":363722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012442,"text":"70012442 - 1979 - Monitoring massive fracture growth at 2-km depths using surface tiltmeter arrays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-03T16:33:51.216118","indexId":"70012442","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring massive fracture growth at 2-km depths using surface tiltmeter arrays","docAbstract":"Tilt due to massive hydraulic fractures induced in sedimentary rocks at depths of up to 2.2 km have been recorded by surface tiltmeters. Injection of fluid volumes up to 4 · 105 liters and masses of propping agent up to 5 · 105 kg is designed to produce fractures approximately 1 km long, 50–100 m high and about 1 cm wide. The surface tilt data adequately fit a dislocation model of a tensional fault in a half-space. Theoretical and observational results indicate that maximum tilt occurs at a distance off the strike of the fracture equivalent to 0.4 of the depth to the fracture. Azimuth and extent of the fracture deduced from the geometry of the tilt field agree with other kinds of geophysical measurements. Detailed correlation of the tilt signatures with pumping parameters (pressure, rate, volume, mass) have provided details on asymmetry in geometry and growth rate. Whereas amplitude variations in tilt vary inversely with the square of the depth, changes in flow rate or pressure gradient can produce a cubic change in width. These studies offer a large-scale experimental approach to the study of problems involving fracturing, mass transport, and dilatancy processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90283-X","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Wood, M., 1979, Monitoring massive fracture growth at 2-km depths using surface tiltmeter arrays: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 643-643, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90283-X.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"643","endPage":"643","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5dbee4b0c8380cd70582","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, M.D.","contributorId":63930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010377,"text":"70010377 - 1979 - Strain pattern represented by scarps formed during the earthquakes of October 2, 1915, Pleasant Valley, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-04T15:43:41.678144","indexId":"70010377","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strain pattern represented by scarps formed during the earthquakes of October 2, 1915, Pleasant Valley, Nevada","docAbstract":"The pattern of scarps developed during the earthquakes of October 2, 1915, in Pleasant Valley, Nevada, may have formed as a result of a modern stress system acting on a set of fractures produced by an earlier stress system which was oriented differently. Four major scarps developed in a right-stepping, en-echelon pattern suggestive of left-lateral slip across the zone and an extension axis oriented approximately S85°W. The trend of the zone is N25°E. However, the orientation of simple dip-slip on most segments trending approximately N20—40° E and a right-lateral component of displacement on several N- and NW-trending segments of the scarps indicate that the axis of regional extension was oriented between N50° and 70° W, normal to the zone.
The cumulative length of the scarps is 60 km, average vertical displacement 2 m, and the maximum vertical displacement near the Pearce School site 5.8 m. Almost everywhere the 1915 scarps formed along an older scarp line, and in some places older scarps represent multiple previous events. The most recent displacement event prior to 1915 is interpreted to have occurred more than 6600 years ago, but possibly less than 20,000 years ago. Some faults expressed by older scarps that trend northwest were not reactivated in 1915, possibly because they are oriented at a low angle with respect to the axis of modern regional extension.
The 1915 event occurred in an area of overlap of three regional fault trends oriented northwest, north, and northeast and referred to, respectively, as the Oregon—Nevada, Northwest Nevada, and Midas—Battle Moutain trends. Each of these trends may have developed at a different time; the Oregon—Nevada trend was possibly the earliest and developed in Late Miocene time (Stewart et al. 1975). Segments of the 1915 scarps ar
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90274-9","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Wallace, R.E., 1979, Strain pattern represented by scarps formed during the earthquakes of October 2, 1915, Pleasant Valley, Nevada: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 599-599, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90274-9.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"599","endPage":"599","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218719,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Pleasant Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.57276643805419,\n 40.752189211754455\n ],\n [\n -115.57276643805419,\n 40.68420641169672\n ],\n [\n -115.4573307107092,\n 40.68420641169672\n ],\n [\n -115.4573307107092,\n 40.752189211754455\n ],\n [\n -115.57276643805419,\n 40.752189211754455\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9899e4b08c986b31c0c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, R. E.","contributorId":6823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012443,"text":"70012443 - 1979 - On radon emanation as a possible indicator of crustal deformation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-05T16:34:33.043296","indexId":"70012443","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On radon emanation as a possible indicator of crustal deformation","docAbstract":"Radon emanation has been monitored in shallow capped holes by a Tracketch method along several active faults and in the vicinity of some volcanoes and underground nuclear explosions. The measured emanation shows large temporal variations that appear to be partly related to crustal strain changes. This paper proposes a model that may explain the observed tectonic variations in radon emanation, and explores the possibility of using radon emanation as an indicator of crustal deformation. In this model the emanation variation is assumed to be due to the perturbation of near-surface profile of radon concentration in the soil gas caused by a change in the vertical flow rate of the soil gas which, in turn, is caused by the crustal deformation. It is shown that, for a typical soil, a small change in the flow rate (3 · 10−4 cm sec−1) can effect a significant change (a factor of 2) in radon emanation detected at a fixed shallow depth (0.7 m). The radon concentration profile has been monitored at several depths at a selected site to test the model. The results appear to be in satisfactory agreement.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90215-4","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"King, C., 1979, On radon emanation as a possible indicator of crustal deformation: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 120-120, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90215-4.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"120","endPage":"120","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222353,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6da6e4b0c8380cd75252","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, Chi-Yu","contributorId":74140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Chi-Yu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010440,"text":"70010440 - 1979 - Changes in rate of fault creep","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-04T16:06:32.354124","indexId":"70010440","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in rate of fault creep","docAbstract":"Aseismic slip or fault creep is occurring on many faults in California. Although the creep rates are generally less than 10 mm/yr in most regions, the maximum observed rate along the San Andreas fault between San Juan Bautista and Gold Hill in central California exceeds 30 mm/yr. Changes in slip rates along a 162 km segment of the San Andreas fault in this region have occurred at approximately the same time at up to nine alinement array sites. Rates of creep on the fault near the epicenters of moderate earthquakes (ML 4–6) vary for periods of several years, decreasing before the main shocks and increasing thereafter, in agreement with prior observations based on creepmeter results. The change of surface slip rate is most pronounced within the epicentral region defined by aftershocks, but records from sites at distances up to 100 km show similar variations. Additionally, some variations in rate, also apparently consistent among many sites, have a less obvious relation with seismic activity and have usually taken place over shorter periods. Not all sites exhibit a significant variation in rate at the time of a regional change, and the amplitudes of the change at nearby sites are not consistently related. The time intervals between measurements at the nine array sites during a given period have not always been short with respect to the intervals between surveys at one site; hence, uneven sampling intervals may bias the results slightly. Anomalies in creep rates thus far observed, therefore, have not been demonstrably consistent precursors to moderate earthquakes; and in the cases when an earthquake has followed a long period change of rate, the anomaly has not specified time, place, or magnitude with a high degree of certainty. The consistency of rate changes may represent a large scale phenomenon that occurs along much of the San Andreas transform plate boundary.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90266-X","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Harsh, P., 1979, Changes in rate of fault creep: Tectonophysics, v. 52, no. 1-4, p. 519-519, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90266-X.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"519","endPage":"519","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218647,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.49111683709873,\n 41.23845484514334\n ],\n [\n -121.22954609997186,\n 37.147723728935766\n ],\n [\n -117.44018054284913,\n 33.754578338292035\n ],\n [\n -116.1951646206461,\n 33.81034080556368\n ],\n [\n -119.83129934259983,\n 37.519569891913555\n ],\n [\n -122.23061585176441,\n 41.35680615153203\n ],\n [\n -123.49111683709873,\n 41.23845484514334\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f421e4b0c8380cd4bb6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harsh, P.","contributorId":59175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harsh","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012416,"text":"70012416 - 1979 - Geology and tectonic development of the continental margin north of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-02T16:51:24.052749","indexId":"70012416","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and tectonic development of the continental margin north of Alaska","docAbstract":"The continental margin north of Alaska, as interpreted from seismic reflection profiles, is of the Atlantic type and consists of three sectors of contrasting structure and stratigraphy. The Chukchi sector, on the west, is characterized by the deep late Mesozoic and Tertiary North Chukchi basin and the Chukchi Continental Borderland. The Barrow sector of central northern Alaska is characterized by the Barrow arch and a moderately thick continental terrace build of Albian to Tertiary clastic sediment. The terrace sedimentary prism is underlain by lower Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks. The Barter Island sector of northeastern Alaska and Yukon Territory is inferred to contain a very thick prism of Jurassic, Cretaceous and Tertiary marine and nonmarine clastic sediment. Its structure is dominated by a local deep Tertiary depocenter and two regional structural arches.
We postulate that the distinguishing characteristics of the three sectors are inherited from the configuration of the rift that separated arctic Alaska from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago relative to old pre-rift highlands, which were clastic sediment sources. Where the rift lay relatively close to northern Alaska, in the Chukchi and Barter Island sectors, and locally separated Alaska from the old source terranes, thick late Mesozoic and Tertiary sedimentary prisms extend farther south beneath the continental shelf than in the intervening Barrow sector. The boundary between the Chukchi and Barrow sectors is relatively well defined by geophysical data, but the boundary between the Barrow and Barter Island sectors can only be inferred from the distribution and thickness of Jurassic and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks. These boundaries may be extensions of oceanic fracture zones related to the rifting that is postulated to have opened the Canada Basin, probably beginning during the Early Jurassic.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90050-7","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Grantz, A., Eittreim, S., and Dinter, D.A., 1979, Geology and tectonic development of the continental margin north of Alaska: Tectonophysics, v. 59, no. 1-4, p. 263-291, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90050-7.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"291","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221893,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -172.11589499397513,\n 73.56845265796551\n ],\n [\n -172.11589499397513,\n 66.39262903165613\n ],\n [\n -140.49034024384332,\n 66.39262903165613\n ],\n [\n -140.49034024384332,\n 73.56845265796551\n ],\n [\n -172.11589499397513,\n 73.56845265796551\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a243fe4b0c8380cd57f06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grantz, Arthur agrantz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grantz","given":"Arthur","email":"agrantz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":363487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eittreim, Stephen","contributorId":102553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eittreim","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dinter, David A.","contributorId":104010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinter","given":"David","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012472,"text":"70012472 - 1979 - The gravity field of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-03T16:06:30.132828","indexId":"70012472","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The gravity field of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin","docAbstract":"Approximately 39,000 km of marine gravity data collected during 1975 and 1976 have been integrated with U.S. Navy and other available data over the U.S. Atlantic continental margin between Florida and Maine to obtain a 10 mgal contour free-air gravity anomaly map. A maximum typically ranging from 0 to +70 mgal occurs along the edge of the shelf and Blake Plateau, while a minimum typically ranging from −20 to −80 mgal occurs along the base of the continental slope, except for a −140 mgal minimum at the base of the Blake Escarpment. Although the maximum and minimum free-air gravity values are strongly influenced by continental slope topography and by the abrupt change in crustal thickness across the margin, the peaks and troughs in the anomalies terminate abruptly at discrete transverse zones along the margin. These zones appear to mark major NW—SE fractures in the subsided continental margin and adjacent deep ocean basin, which separate the margin into a series of segmented basins and platforms. Rapid differential subsidence of crustal blocks on either side of these fractures during the early stages after separation of North America and Africa (Jurassic and Early Cretaceous) is inferred to be the cause of most of the gravity transitions along the length of margin. The major transverse zones are southeast of Charleston, east of Cape Hatteras, near Norfolk Canyon, off Delaware Bay, just south of Hudson Canyon and south of Cape Cod.
Local Airy isostatic anomaly profiles (two-dimensional, without sediment corrections) were computed along eight multichannel seismic profiles. The isostatic anomaly values over major basins beneath the shelf and rise are generally between −10 and −30 mgal while those over the platform areas are typically 0 to +20 mgal. While a few isostatic anomaly profiles show local 10–20 mgal increases seaward of the East Coast Magnetic Anomaly (ECMA: inferred to mark the ocean-continent boundary), the lack of a consistent correlation indicates that the relationship of isostatic gravity anomalies to the magnetic anomalies and the ocean—continent transition is variable.
Two-dimensional gravity models have been computed for two profiles off Cape Cod, Massachusetts and Cape May, New Jersey, where excellent reflection, refraction and magnetic control appear to define 10 and 12 km deep sedimentary basins beneath the shelf, respectively and 10 km deep basins beneath the rise. The basins are separated by a 6–8 km deep basement ridge which underlies the ECMA and appears to mark the landward edge of oceanic crust. The gravity models suggest that the oceanic crust is between 11 and 18 km thick beneath the ECMA, but decreases to a thickness of less than 8 km within the first 20–90 km to the southeast. In both profiles, the derived crustal thickness variations support the interpretation that the ECMA occurs over the ocean-continent boundary. The crust underlying the sedimentary cover appears to be 12 to 15 km thick on the landward side of the ECMA and gradually thickens to normal continental values of greater than 25 km within the first 60 to 110 km to the northwest. Multichannel seismic profiles across platform areas, such as Cape Hatteras and Cape Cod, indicate the ocean-continent transition zones there are much narrower than profiles across major sedimentary basins, such as the one off New Jersey.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(79)90037-4","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Grow, J.A., Bowin, C., and Hutchinson, D.R., 1979, The gravity field of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin: Tectonophysics, v. 59, no. 1-4, p. 27-52, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(79)90037-4.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"52","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221895,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"U.S. Atlantic continental margin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.3769109686547,\n 39.78365013639498\n ],\n [\n -76.7034359894871,\n 37.07447487187042\n ],\n [\n -81.91877362199935,\n 31.350346802537274\n ],\n [\n -80.98101607241426,\n 26.60548891457786\n ],\n [\n -80.61122194437507,\n 25.264459213874005\n ],\n [\n -79.29052020696197,\n 25.630663811699932\n ],\n [\n -79.9948730788135,\n 31.089394752519226\n ],\n [\n -68.34285225345012,\n 43.53401396846341\n ],\n [\n -66.85337779049772,\n 44.84520951820939\n ],\n [\n -69.5879551017428,\n 44.22504950316685\n ],\n [\n -71.56290526975728,\n 42.06077869142243\n ],\n [\n -75.3769109686547,\n 39.78365013639498\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac97e4b08c986b3235db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grow, John A.","contributorId":25943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grow","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowin, C.O.","contributorId":44618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowin","given":"C.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah R. 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70010343,"text":"70010343 - 1979 - Earliest Phanerozoic or latest Proterozoic fossils from the Arabian Shield","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-25T16:28:45.597673","indexId":"70010343","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earliest Phanerozoic or latest Proterozoic fossils from the Arabian Shield","docAbstract":"We report here the first biologically definable fossils from pre-Saq (pre-Middle Cambrian) rocks of the Arabian Shield. They include the distinctive helically coiled tubular filaments of the oscillatorialean blue-green alga Obruchevella parva as well as two size classes of spheroidal unicells of uncertain affinity. Also present is the conical stromatolite Conophyton and unidentified stromatolites. All occur in cherty limestones of the Jubaylah Group, northern Saudi Arabia, a nonmarine to locally marine taphrogeosynclinal sequence that fills depressions along the northwest-trending Najd faults.
Conophyton has heretofore been found only in strata older than about 680 Ma (except for puzzling records in modern hot springs) while Obruchevella is so far known only from rocks between about 680 and 470 Ma old. Thus it appears that the Jubaylah Group is close to the Proterozoic-Phanerozoic transition. The simple spheroidal nanno-fossils are not diagnostic as to age. Their relationships within what appears to be early diagenetic chert suggest a classical algal-mat association. The brecciated and microchanneled appearance of much of the fossiliferous rock, its locally dolomitic nature, and the prevalence of cryptalgalaminate favors a very shallow, locally turbulent, and perhaps episodically exposed marine or marginal marine setting.
The Jubaylah Group lies unconformably beneath the Siq Sandstone (basal member of the Saq Sandstone) of medial Cambrian age, rests nonconformably on crystalline basement, and has yielded a K-Ar whole-rock age (on andesitic basalt) of ∼540 Ma. To judge from the fossils, however, that age may be as much as 100 Ma or more too young.
Detailed stratigraphic and sedimentological studies of the Tertiary Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, and the Cretaceous Blackhawk Formation and Star Point Sandstone in the Wasatch Plateau, Utah, indicate that the depositional environments of coal played a major role in controlling coal thickness, lateral continuity, potential minability, and type of floor and roof rocks.
The potentially minable, thick coal beds of the Tongue River Member were primarily formed in long-lived floodbasin backswamps of upper alluvial plain environment. Avulsion of meandering fluvial channels contributed to the erratic lateral extent of coals in this environment. Laterally extensive coals formed in floodbasin backswamps of a lower alluvial plain environment; however, interruption by overbank and crevasse-splay sedimentation produced highly split and merging coal beds. Lacustrine sedimentation common to the lower alluvial plain, similar to the lake-covered lower alluvial valley of the Atchafalaya River Basin, is related to a high-constructive delta. In contrast to these alluvial coals are the deltaic coal deposits of the Blackhawk Formation. The formation consists of three coal populations: upper delta plain, lower delta plain, and ‘back-barrier’. Coals of the lower delta plain are thick and laterally extensive, in contrast to those of the upper delta plain and ‘back-barrier’, which contain abundant, very thin and laterally discontinuous carbonaceous shale partings. The reworking of the delta-front sediments of the Star Point Sandstone suggests that the Blackhawk-Star Point delta was a high-destructive system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0146-6380(79)90025-1","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Flores, R.M., 1979, Coal depositional models in some Tertiary and Cretaceous coal fields in the U.S. Western Interior: Organic Geochemistry, v. 1, no. 4, p. 225-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(79)90025-1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"235","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222307,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.00659141534686,\n 37.08023447452048\n ],\n [\n -109.0076528247364,\n 36.96619182149696\n ],\n [\n -109.07471412635108,\n 40.99871391889657\n ],\n [\n -104.18755755347226,\n 41.120180201640544\n ],\n [\n -104.09244491184933,\n 44.964763141991455\n ],\n [\n -110.97654317008451,\n 44.99466583939204\n ],\n [\n -111.11231189819526,\n 42.04396900626108\n ],\n [\n -113.98964509189172,\n 42.03764926386135\n ],\n [\n -114.00659141534686,\n 37.08023447452048\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f683e4b0c8380cd4c7dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flores, R. M.","contributorId":106899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012634,"text":"70012634 - 1979 - Anomalous topography on the continental shelf around Hudson Canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T15:08:40.12771","indexId":"70012634","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anomalous topography on the continental shelf around Hudson Canyon","docAbstract":"Recent seismic-reflection data show that the topography on the Continental Shelf around Hudson Canyon is composed of a series of depressions having variable spacings (< 100 m to 2 km), depths (1–10 m), outlines, and bottom configurations that give the sea floor an anomalous “jagged” appearance in profile. The acoustic and sedimentary characteristics, the proximity to relict shores, and the areal distribution indicate that this rough topography is an erosional surface formed on Upper Pleistocene silty sands about 13,000 to 15,000 years ago by processes related to Hudson Canyon. The pronounced southward extension of the surface, in particular, may reflect a former increase in the longshore-current erosion capacity caused by the loss of sediments over the canyon. Modern erosion or nondeposition of sediments has prevented the ubiquitous sand sheet on the Middle Atlantic shelf from covering the surface. The “anomalous” topography may, in fact, be characteristic of areas near other submarine canyons that interrupt or have interrupted the longshore drift of sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(79)90074-4","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Knebel, H., 1979, Anomalous topography on the continental shelf around Hudson Canyon: Marine Geology, v. 33, no. 3-4, p. 67-75, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(79)90074-4.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"75","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222732,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Hudson Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.26025990607206,\n 40.82461604636316\n ],\n [\n -73.26025990607206,\n 37.61322094205855\n ],\n [\n -65.72718797674679,\n 37.61322094205855\n ],\n [\n -65.72718797674679,\n 40.82461604636316\n ],\n [\n -73.26025990607206,\n 40.82461604636316\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec4be4b0c8380cd4919e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knebel, H.J.","contributorId":79092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knebel","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":60644,"text":"mf1134 - 1979 - Maps showing late Pleistocene and Holocene evolution of the South Texas continental shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-10T12:18:35","indexId":"mf1134","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1134","title":"Maps showing late Pleistocene and Holocene evolution of the South Texas continental shelf","docAbstract":"Interpretation of acoustical profiles has provided insight into the late Quaternary geologic history of the Continental Shelf off South Texas. (See the geographic index map on sheet 1 for location of the area studied.) The profiles reveal the interplay of tectonism, sedimentation, and cyclic fluctuations of sea level in the building and geologic evolution of the continental terrace. The sequence of sediments studied extends to about 200 meters (m) beneath the sea-floor surface. Four seismic-stratigraphic units underlain by four prominent sound reflectors were identified and mapped.
\nThis geologic synthesis, for which the research was funded by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM), is but one aspect of a coordinated, multidisciplinary environmental study of the South Texas Outer Continental Shelf sponsored by BLM (Berryhill, 1976, 1977). The environmental studies are keyed to the leasing of Federal Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) lands for petroleum exploration and production. Their purpose is to provide the data development of petroleum resources on the OCS, as well as to provide the basis for predicting the impact of oil and gas exploration and production on the marine environment. Of primary concern is the recognition of geologic conditions that might be hazardous to structures placed on the sea floor. Geologic hazards relate directly to the potential for significant movement of the sea floor in the future. Judging sea-floor stability and recognizing geologic features that are potentially hazardous require an understanding of the recent geologic history of the area, which, in turn, entails determining the relative rates and interactions of sedimentation and tectonism through time.
\nIn addition to the primary objective, the synthesis provides knowledge about the magnitude and extent of sea-level fluctuations in the western Gulf of Mexico, and it provides a depositional facies model of possible use in appraising the resource potential of the more deeply buried sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf1134","isbn":"0607806249","usgsCitation":"Pyle, C.A., Berryhill, H.L., and Trippet, A.R., 1979, Maps showing late Pleistocene and Holocene evolution of the South Texas continental shelf: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1134, 2 Sheets: 50.13 x 36.20 inches; 41.96 x 33.93 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1134.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 50.13 x 36.20 inches; 41.96 x 33.93 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1134.jpg"},{"id":283652,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1134/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":283653,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1134/plate-2.pdf"}],"scale":"92000","country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"South Texas Continental Shelf","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.0,26.0 ], [ -97.0,28.0 ], [ -96.0,28.0 ], [ -96.0,26.0 ], [ -97.0,26.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605b3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pyle, Carroll A.","contributorId":58343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyle","given":"Carroll","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berryhill, Henry L. Jr.","contributorId":86753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berryhill","given":"Henry","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trippet, Anita R.","contributorId":67159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trippet","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25966,"text":"wri793 - 1979 - Regional stochastic generation of streamflows using an ARIMA (1,0,1) process and disaggregation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-07T08:33:41","indexId":"wri793","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-3","title":"Regional stochastic generation of streamflows using an ARIMA (1,0,1) process and disaggregation","docAbstract":"An ARIMA (1,0,1) model was calibrated and used to generate long annual flow sequences at three sites in the Juniata River basin, Pennsylvania. The model preserves the mean, variance, and cross correlations of the observed station data. In addition, it has a desirable blend of both high and low frequency characteristics and therefore is capable of preserving the Hurst coefficient, h. The generated annual flows are disaggregated into monthly sequences using a modification of the Valencia-Schaake model. The low-flow frequency and flow duration characteristics of the generated monthly flows, with length equal to the historical data, compare favorably with the historical data. Once the models were verified, 100-year sequences were generated and analyzed for their low flow characteristics. One-, three- and six- month low-flow frequencies at recurrence intervals greater than 10 years are generally found to be lower than flow computed from the historical flows. A method is proposed for synthesizing flows at ungaged sites. (Kosco-USGS)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri793","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with the Susquehanna River Basin Committee","usgsCitation":"Armbruster, J.T., 1979, Regional stochastic generation of streamflows using an ARIMA (1,0,1) process and disaggregation: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-3, vi, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri793.","productDescription":"vi, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"63","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri793.PNG"},{"id":310277,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0003/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c474","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armbruster, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":37707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4406,"text":"cir820 - 1979 - A study of reservoir characteristics of the Nanushuk and Colville groups, Umiat test well 11, National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T15:12:07","indexId":"cir820","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"820","title":"A study of reservoir characteristics of the Nanushuk and Colville groups, Umiat test well 11, National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska","docAbstract":"Cretaceous sandstones in the Umiat Anticline contain the largest volume of oil discovered to date in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska. Umiat test well 11, although dry and abandoned, penetrated the most complete sequence of Cretaceous rocks in the Umiat area. Cretaceous formations cored (oldest to youngest) were the Grandstand, Chandler, and Ninuluk Formations of the Nanushuk Group and the Seabee and Prince Creek Formations of the Colville Group. Cores from sandstone beds in each of the formations penetrated were studied to identify the factors influencing porosity and permeability. \r\n\r\nBased on lithologic, textural, sedimentary-structural, faunal and floral, and regional paleogeographic evidence, the Cretaceous stratigraphic sequence in the Umiat area can be described as complexly interbedded delta-front and delta-plain facies (named the Umiat delta). The Grandstand Formation and Killik Tongue of the Chandler Formation represent one thick progradational sequence of delta-front and delta-plain facies, respectively. This sequence was followed by deposition of transgressive marine facies of the Ninuluk and Seabee Formations, which were in turn overlain by another progradational delta-plain facies, the Tuluvak Tongue of the Prince Creek Formation. \r\n\r\nThe delta-front sandstone of the Grandstand Formation is well-sorted, fine-grained to very fine grained, angular to subangular chert arenite and phyllarenite. Authigenic cements include dolomite, calcite, siderite, quartz overgrowth, kaolinite, chert, pyrite, and possibly some small flakes of chlorite. The source terrane was southwest of Umiat and, on the basis of the aforementioned petrographic evidence, consisted of low-grade metamorphic rocks and possibly sandstone and cherty limestone. The weighted average porosity, based on well-log analyses, for the lower part of the Grandstand Formation is 15.1 percent and for the upper part is 15.6 percent; the weighted average permeability is 58.6 md for the lower part and 167 md for the upper part. The average size of visible pores is about 50 ?m. A linear relationship was established between permeability and porosity for sandstone samples from depths less than 405 m and greater than 644 m; the average permeability of these intervals can be estimated with reasonable accuracy not only for the Grandstand but also for the Tuluvak, Seabee, and Killik. \r\n\r\nThe delta-front, delta-plain marginal facies of the Killik Tongue of the Chandler Formation includes sandstone, siltstone, shale, and coal. Sandstone samples studied petrographically are similar to those of the Grandstand Formation; the delta prograded northeasterly across the Umiat area and the source terrane for the sediments remained the same. Well-log analyses indicate that the weighted average porosity for the Killik Tongue is 16.4 percent and the weighted average permeability is 96.2 md. \r\n\r\nThe delta-front sandstone of the Ninuluk Formation is similar to that of the Grandstand and Killik, but is moderately sorted and contains less detrital quartz and significantly more metamorphic rock fragments than chert fragments. Sandstone in the upper part of the formation contains a considerable amount of calcite. Visible pores average about 35 ?m in size. The weighted average porosity for the Ninuluk Formation, based on well-log analyses, is 12.6 percent; the weighted average permeability is 10.7 md. \r\n\r\nThe Seabee Formation is primarily shale deposited in an open-marine environment; sandstone units in the Seabee overlie and are overlain by black marine shale. The mineralogy of these sandstone units differs markedly from that of the older formations. The sandstones are characterized by an abundance of volcanic rock fragments, high content of volcanic plagioclase feldspar, and low content of detrital quartz. Quartz, chert, phyllite, and metaquartzite all appear to be the same petrographically as in the Nanushuk Group. Abundant chlorite and smectite reduce permeability and make sandstones ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir820","usgsCitation":"Fox, J.E., Lambert, P.W., Pitman, J.K., and Wu, C., 1979, A study of reservoir characteristics of the Nanushuk and Colville groups, Umiat test well 11, National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 820, vi, 47 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir820.","productDescription":"vi, 47 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1979/0820/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31513,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1979/0820/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a6195","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fox, J. E.","contributorId":79080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"J.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambert, P. W.","contributorId":62224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":149049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wu, C.H.","contributorId":11874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":9883,"text":"ofr79844 - 1979 - Geology and porphyry copper-type alteration-mineralization of igneous rocks at the Christmas Mine, Gila County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:10","indexId":"ofr79844","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-844","title":"Geology and porphyry copper-type alteration-mineralization of igneous rocks at the Christmas Mine, Gila County, Arizona","docAbstract":"The Christmas copper deposit, located in southern Gila County, Arizona, is part of the major porphyry copper province of southwestern North America. Although Christmas is known for skarn deposits in Paleozoic carbonate rocks, ore-grade porphyry-type copper mineralization also occurs in a composite granodioritic intrusive complex and adjacent mafic volcanic country rocks. This study considers the nature, distribution, and genesis of alteration-mineralization in the igneous rock environment at Christmas. \r\n\r\nAt the southeast end of the Dripping Spring Mountains, the Pennsylvanian Naco Limestone is unconformably overlain by the Cretaceous Williamson Canyon Volcanics, a westward-thinning sequence of basaltic volcanic breccia and lava flows, and subordinate clastic sedimentary rocks. Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata are intruded by Laramide-age dikes, sills, and small stocks of hornblende andesite porphyry and hornblende rhyodacite porphyry, and the mineralized Christmas intrusive complex. \r\n\r\nRocks of the elongate Christmas stock, intruded along an east-northeast-trending fracture zone, are grouped into early, veined quartz diorite (Dark Phase), biotite granodiorite porphyry (Light Phase), and granodiorite; and late, unveined dacite porphyry and granodiorite porphyry. Biotite rhyodacite porphyry dikes extending east and west from the vicinity of the stock are probably coeval with biotite granodiorite porphyry. Accumulated normal displacement of approximately 1 km along the northwest-trending Christmas-Joker fault system has juxtaposed contrasting levels (lower, intrusive-carbonate rock environment and upper, intrusive-volcanic rock environment) within the porphyry copper system. \r\n\r\nK-Ar age determinations and whole-rock chemical analyses of the major intrusive rock types indicate that Laramide calc-alkaline magmatism and ore deposition at Christmas evolved over an extended period from within the Late Cretaceous (~75-80 m.y. ago) to early Paleocene (~63-61 m.y. ago). The sequence of igneous rocks is progressively more alkaline and silicic from basalt to granodiorite. Early (Stage I) chalcopyrite-bornite (-molybdenite) mineralization and genetically related K-silicate alteration are centered on the Christmas stock. K-silicate alteration is manifested by pervasive hornblende-destructive biotitization in the stock, biotitization of basaltic volcanic wall rocks, and a continuous stockwork of K-feldspar veinlets and quartz-K-feldspar veins in the stock and quartz-sulfide veins in volcanic rocks. Younger (Stage II) pyrite-chalcopyrite mineralization and quartz-sericite-chlorite alteration occur in a zone overlapping with but largely peripheral to the zone of Stage I stockwork veins. Within the Christmas intrusive complex, K-silicate-altered rocks in the central stock are flanked east and west by zones of fracture-controlled quartz-sericite alteration and strong pyritization. In volcanic rocks quartz-chlorite-pyrite-chalcopyrite veins are superimposed on earlier biotitization and crosscut Stage I quartz-sulfide veins. Beyond the zones of quartz-sericite alteration, biotite rhyodacite porphyry dikes contain the propylitic alteration assemblage epidote-chlorite-albite-sphene.\r\n\r\nChemical analyses indicate the following changes during pervasive alteration of igneous rocks: (1) addition of Si, K, H, S, and Cu, and loss of Fe 3+ and Ca during intense biotitization of basalt; (2) loss of Na and Ca, increase of Fe3+/Fe2+, and strong H-metasomatism during sericitization of quartz diorite; and (3) increase in Ca, Na, and Fe3+/Fe2+, and loss of K during intense propylitization of biotite rhyodacite porphyry dikes. Thorough biotitization of biotite granodiorite porphyry in the Christmas stock was largely an isochemical process. \r\n\r\nFluid-inclusion petrography reveals that Stage I veins are characterized by low to moderate populations of moderate-salinity and gas-rich inclusions, and sparse but ubiquitous halite-bearing inclusions. Moderate-salinity an","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr79844","usgsCitation":"Koski, R.A., 1979, Geology and porphyry copper-type alteration-mineralization of igneous rocks at the Christmas Mine, Gila County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-844, xiii, 196 p. :ill., maps (6 fold. in pocket) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79844.","productDescription":"xiii, 196 p. :ill., maps (6 fold. in pocket) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0844/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37671,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0844/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37672,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0844/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37673,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0844/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37674,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0844/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37675,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0844/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37676,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0844/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37677,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0844/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db6842d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koski, Randolph A. rkoski@usgs.gov","contributorId":2949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"Randolph","email":"rkoski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":160452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26069,"text":"wri7922 - 1979 - Water quality in the proposed Prosperity Reservoir area, Center Creek Basin, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-14T12:57:57","indexId":"wri7922","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-22","title":"Water quality in the proposed Prosperity Reservoir area, Center Creek Basin, Missouri","docAbstract":"Water in Center Creek basin, Mo., upstream from the proposed Prosperity Reservoir damsite is a calcium bicarbonate type that is moderately mineralized, hard, and slightly alkaline. Ammonia and organic nitrogen, phosphorus, total organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, and bacteria increased considerably during storm runoff, probably due to livestock wastes. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations are probably high enough to cause the proposed lake to be eutrophic. Minor-element concentrations were at or near normal levels in Center and Jones Creeks. The only pesticides detected were 0.01 micrograms per liter of 2, 4, 5-T in one base-flow sample and 0.02 to 0.04 micrograms per liter of 2, 4, 5-T and 2, 4-D in all storm-runoff samples. Fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus densities ranged from 2 to 650 and 2 to 550 colonies per 100 milliliters, respectively, during base flow , but were 17,000 to 45,000 and 27,000 to 70,000 colonies per 100 milliliters, respectively, during storm runoff. Water in Center Creek about 2.5 miles downstream from the proposed damsite is similar in quality to that upstream from the damsite except for higher concentrations of sodium, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, nitrogen, and phosphorus. These higher concentrations are caused by fertilizer industry wastes that enter Center Creek about 1.0 mile downstream from the proposed damsite. (Woodard-USGS).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7922","usgsCitation":"Barks, J.H., and Berkas, W.R., 1979, Water quality in the proposed Prosperity Reservoir area, Center Creek Basin, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-22, ii, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7922.","productDescription":"ii, 26 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157906,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0022/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":369214,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0022/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"Jasper","city":"Carl Junction","otherGeospatial":"Southwest Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.57305908203124,\n 37.18746751526529\n ],\n [\n -94.57305908203124,\n 37.2062007795906\n ],\n [\n -94.54726696014404,\n 37.2062007795906\n ],\n [\n -94.54726696014404,\n 37.18746751526529\n ],\n [\n -94.57305908203124,\n 37.18746751526529\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9a21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barks, James H.","contributorId":73569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barks","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berkas, Wayne R. wrberkas@usgs.gov","contributorId":425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkas","given":"Wayne","email":"wrberkas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25707,"text":"wri7934 - 1979 - Plan of study for the northern Great Plains regional aquifer-system analysis in parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T10:19:32","indexId":"wri7934","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-34","title":"Plan of study for the northern Great Plains regional aquifer-system analysis in parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming","docAbstract":"The Northern Great Plains, an area of about 250,000 square miles in parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming, is underlain by an accumulation of sediments eroded from the Black Hills and from mountains to the west. Principal aquifers are areally extensive beds of sandstone within these sedimentary rocks, some at great depths. Anticipated future water needs dictate that available ground-water supplies be evaluated for management of this natural resource. The U.S. Geological Survey has started (1978) a 4-year study of the Northern Great Plains aquifer system. The objective of this study is to define availability and quality of ground water and to predict the effects of using this resource. To achieve this objective, the ground-water system will be described in terms of spatial distribution, hydraulics, geology, and geochemistry. Once described, the ground-water system will be simulated by mathematical models that will be used to define responses of the system to various management alternatives and assumed development patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7934","usgsCitation":"Dinwiddie, G.A., 1979, Plan of study for the northern Great Plains regional aquifer-system analysis in parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-34, iii, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7934.","productDescription":"iii, 20 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0034/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":359418,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0034/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Northern Great Plains Regional Aquifer-System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.02783203125,\n 41.95131994679697\n ],\n [\n -96.65771484375,\n 41.95131994679697\n ],\n [\n -96.65771484375,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -111.02783203125,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -111.02783203125,\n 41.95131994679697\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685614","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinwiddie, George A.","contributorId":21135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinwiddie","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9046,"text":"ofr791472 - 1979 - Mineral resources of the Minarets Wilderness and adjacent areas, Madera and Mono counties, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9046,"text":"ofr791472 - 1979 - Mineral resources of the Minarets Wilderness and adjacent areas, Madera and Mono counties, California","indexId":"ofr791472","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of the Minarets Wilderness and adjacent areas, Madera and Mono counties, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":33427,"text":"b1516AD - 1982 - Mineral resources of the Minarets Wilderness and adjacent areas, Madera and Mono counties, California","indexId":"b1516AD","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"chapter":"A-D","title":"Mineral resources of the Minarets Wilderness and adjacent areas, Madera and Mono counties, California"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":33427,"text":"b1516AD - 1982 - Mineral resources of the Minarets Wilderness and adjacent areas, Madera and Mono counties, California","indexId":"b1516AD","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of the Minarets Wilderness and adjacent areas, Madera and Mono counties, California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-12T19:28:44.291129","indexId":"ofr791472","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1472","title":"Mineral resources of the Minarets Wilderness and adjacent areas, Madera and Mono counties, California","docAbstract":"A mineral survey of the Minarets Wilderness area and adjacent areas in the central Sierra Nevada, Calif., was conducted during 1973 through 1975. The total area covers about 620 km2 (237 sq mi) in the Sierra and Inyo National Forests, of which about 440 km2 (170 sq mi) are within the officially designated Minarets Wilderness.
The mineral resource potential was evaluated by geological, geochemical, and geophysical studies by the U.S. Geological Survey, and by examination of mineralized rocks, prospects, and mining claims by the U.S. Bureau of Mines.
The results of the survey indicate that the study area has small to moderate submarginal to paramarginal resources of copper, silver, zinc, lead, iron, and tungsten and an unevaluated potential for molybdenum resources. Limestone is present, but not of commercial quantity or quality. No other industrial minerals have been recognized in quantity. Granitic rocks have potential use as decorative stone and sand and gravel could be produced from either alluvial deposits or glacial drift. However, these commodities are more accessible elsewhere at localities closer to markets. The study area has no potential for fossil fuels, and, because of the general geologic environment, the potential for nuclear fuel minerals is considered to be low. The study area has low geothermal potential, even though it is on the western edge of the Mono-Long Valley \"Known Geothermal Resource Area\" (KGRA).
The area is underlain by metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks that have been intruded by granitic rocks of the Sierra Nevada batholith. Pliocene volcanic rocks are present locally. With few exceptions, the known occurrences of mineralized rock are confined to the metamorphic rocks, and the exceptions appear to be confined to plutonic rocks that are older than the Late Cretaceous granitic rocks that make up the bulk of the batholithic rocks in the study area.
Although no mineral production has been recorded from prospects within the study area, mines adjacent to it have produced significant amounts of gold and tungsten. Production figures are incomplete, but mines in the Mammoth mining district (fig. 1) may have produced as much as $1 million worth of gold, silver, and other metals at the then-existing prices. The Monte Cristo mine in the Mammoth district was in production during 1978.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr791472","usgsCitation":"Huber, N.K., Oliver, H.W., Bailey, R.A., and U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1979, Mineral resources of the Minarets Wilderness and adjacent areas, Madera and Mono counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1472, Report: xi, 183 p.; 3 Plates: 30.35 x 52.68 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791472.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 183 p.; 3 Plates: 30.35 x 52.68 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":431032,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1472/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":431031,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1472/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":431029,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1472/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142864,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":431030,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1472/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"62500","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Madera County, Mono County","otherGeospatial":"Minarets Wilderness","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.35182738671992,\n 37.80567055700155\n ],\n [\n -119.35182738671992,\n 37.620776977513216\n ],\n [\n -119.09698827321262,\n 37.620776977513216\n ],\n [\n -119.09698827321262,\n 37.80567055700155\n ],\n [\n -119.35182738671992,\n 37.80567055700155\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a1f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huber, N. King","contributorId":76016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"King","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oliver, Howard W.","contributorId":12071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bailey, Roy A.","contributorId":42576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"U.S. Bureau of Mines","contributorId":128223,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Bureau of Mines","id":528890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":27006,"text":"wri7917 - 1979 - Water-quality assessment of Rattlesnake Creek watershed, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-07T10:32:55","indexId":"wri7917","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-17","title":"Water-quality assessment of Rattlesnake Creek watershed, Ohio","docAbstract":"Chemical and biological water quality in Rattlesnake Creek basin, Ohio, are evaluated. The data include field and laboratory data for eight sites during August 1976- August 1977 and summaries of earlier (1972-76) data.
Streamflow was below normal during the study period. Basin waters types were calcium bicarbonate or calcium magnesium bicarbonate. Specific conductance ranged from 405 to 1,300 micromhos per centimeter. High concentrations of sodium (110-140 milligrams per liter) , nitrogen (24 milligrams per liter as N), and phosphorus (7.8 milligrams per liter as P) were observed during low flows downstream from domestic sewage facilities. Nonpoint sources contributed high concentrations of nitrate-nitrogen to all streams during the high flows of winter and spring.
Dissolved-oxygen concentrations in the upper basin ranged from 3.2 to 18.4 milligrams per liter. Mean saturation values of dissolved oxygen were at or near 100 percent in the lower basin. Stream pH exceeded 8.4 when dissolved-oxygen saturation was above 120 percent. Bacteria and invertebrate data suggest that moderate pollution from cultural sources may exist in the upper basin.
Water quality was poorest in the sluggish flows of the upper basin but improved downstream. Increases in flow velocity and stream aeration rates, dilution, and biological activity contributed to the downstream recovery. Except for' high nitrogen concentrations, water quality was best in the lower basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Columbus, OH","doi":"10.3133/wri7917","usgsCitation":"Evans, K.F., and Tobin, R.L., 1979, Water-quality assessment of Rattlesnake Creek watershed, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-17, v, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7917.","productDescription":"v, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"37","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":330807,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0017/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Rattlesnake Creek Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.748779296875,\n 39.25565142103588\n ],\n [\n -83.748779296875,\n 39.756824261131406\n ],\n [\n -83.39584350585938,\n 39.756824261131406\n ],\n [\n -83.39584350585938,\n 39.25565142103588\n ],\n [\n -83.748779296875,\n 39.25565142103588\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6f64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Kenneth F.","contributorId":53755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tobin, Robert L.","contributorId":76289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tobin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":37366,"text":"ssrw222 - 1979 - Modeling sandhill crane population dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T12:44:26","indexId":"ssrw222","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"222","title":"Modeling sandhill crane population dynamics","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., 1979, Modeling sandhill crane population dynamics: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 222, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":167225,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":112208,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/coo.31924055486892?urlappend=%3Bseq=277"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db69980a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":217937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":48422,"text":"ofr79401 - 1979 - Ground-water appraisal for the community of Kiryas Joel, Orange County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:08","indexId":"ofr79401","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-401","title":"Ground-water appraisal for the community of Kiryas Joel, Orange County, New York","docAbstract":"A major fracture system in indurated sedimentary rocks forms a moderately extensive aquifer yielding 100-300 gallons per minute to wells 160 to 420 feet deep. Pumping-test data show that the fracture system is interconnected to distances more than 1,000 feet from the wells. Recharge occurs through overlying clayey till, and continuous pumping may induce recharge from surface-water sources. Chemical analyses indicate no water-quality problems. Systematic collection of data on pumpage , water level, and chemical quality could help to determine the long-term adequacy of the aquifer system. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr79401","usgsCitation":"Waller, R., 1979, Ground-water appraisal for the community of Kiryas Joel, Orange County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-401, iii, 23 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79401.","productDescription":"iii, 23 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_79_401.jpg"},{"id":260402,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0401/report.pdf"},{"id":260403,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0401/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d3df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, Roger M.","contributorId":90353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"Roger M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}