{"pageNumber":"1565","pageRowStart":"39100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46670,"records":[{"id":70210017,"text":"70210017 - 1985 - Inversion of seismic refraction data in planar dipping structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-30T20:01:07.158421","indexId":"70210017","displayToPublicDate":"1985-07-01T08:11:02","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inversion of seismic refraction data in planar dipping structure","docAbstract":"

A new method is presented for the direct inversion of seismic refraction data in dipping planar structure. Three recording geometries, each consisting of two common-shot profiles, are considered: reversed, split, and roll-along profiles. Inversion is achieved via slant stacking the common-shot wavefield to obtain a delay time—slowness (tau—p) wavefield. The tau—p curves from two shotpoints describing the critical raypath of refracted and post-critically reflected arrivals are automatically picked using coherency measurements and the two curves are jointly used to calculate velocity and dip of isovelocity lines iteratively, thereby obtaining the final two-dimensional velocity model.

This procedure has been successfully applied to synthetic seismograms calculated for a dipping structure and to field data from central California. The results indicate that direct inversion of closely-spaced refraction/wide-aperture reflection data can practically be achieved in laterally inhomogeneous structures.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.1985.tb05129.x","usgsCitation":"Milkereit, B., Mooney, W.D., and Kohler, W., 1985, Inversion of seismic refraction data in planar dipping structure: Geophysical Journal International, v. 82, no. 1, p. 81-103, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1985.tb05129.x.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"103","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480162,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.1985.tb05129.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":374595,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milkereit, Bernd","contributorId":62752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milkereit","given":"Bernd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kohler, W.M.","contributorId":62999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohler","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012377,"text":"70012377 - 1985 - Bottomland vegetation distribution along Passage Creek, Virginia, in relation to fluvial landforms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-18T17:13:31.420301","indexId":"70012377","displayToPublicDate":"1985-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bottomland vegetation distribution along Passage Creek, Virginia, in relation to fluvial landforms","docAbstract":"

Persistent distribution patterns of woody vegetation within the bottomland forest of Passage Creek, Virginia, were related to fluvial landforms, channel geometry, streamflow characteristics, and sediment—size characteristics. Vegetation patterns were determined from species presence as observed in transects and traverses on landforms developed along the stream. Distinct species distributional patterns were found on four common fluvial geomorphic landforms: depositional bar, active—channel shelf, floodplain, and terrace. Independent hydrologic characteristics (flow duration and flood frequency) were determined for each of the landforms. Vegetation data were analyzed by binary discriminant analysis, principal components analysis, and detrended correspondence analysis. Results and related field observations suggest that certain species are significantly associated with specific fluvial landforms. Vegetation patterns appear to develop more as a result of hydrologic processes associated with each fluvial landform rather than from sediment—size characteristics. Flood disturbance may be an important factor in maintaining the vegetation patterns, which may therefore be used as indicators for particular hydrogeomorphic site conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.2307/1940528","usgsCitation":"Hupp, C.R., and Osterkamp, W.R., 1985, Bottomland vegetation distribution along Passage Creek, Virginia, in relation to fluvial landforms: Ecology, v. 66, no. 3, p. 670-681, https://doi.org/10.2307/1940528.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"670","endPage":"681","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222303,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f22fe4b0c8380cd4b063","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":363409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osterkamp, W. R.","contributorId":46044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterkamp","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70210235,"text":"70210235 - 1985 - The relocation of microearthquakes in the northern Mississippi Embayment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-25T14:42:00.171972","indexId":"70210235","displayToPublicDate":"1985-05-22T07:59:38","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relocation of microearthquakes in the northern Mississippi Embayment","docAbstract":"

Three-component seismograms, recorded by a small array of digital instruments in the northern Mississippi embayment, consistently show a high-amplitude phase on the vertical component that arrives approximately 0.8 s before the shear wave. On the basis of its timing and apparent velocity, this phase is identified as an S-P conversion from the boundary between the unconsolidated Cenozoic sediments and the underlying Paleozoic rocks. Synthetic models of ground motion in the Mississippi embayment indicate that vertical displacement amplitudes are higher for S-P conversions than for transmitted shear waves at all angles of incidence. The models and their agreement with observations of the three-component seismograms suggest that true shear waves cannot be reliably identified from vertical component seismograms recorded in this area. The travel times of converted phases are used, together with crustal velocity models derived from a recent seismic refraction survey, to relocate approximately 500 microearthquakes recorded by the Central Mississippi Valley regional seismic network. Since the network data are recorded by vertical component seismographs, we assume that the S phases, observed at the stations sited on unconsolidated sediments, are S-P conversions. This assumption significantly reduces the average rms residual and provides well-constrained hypocentral locations for 350 earthquakes. The relocated microearthquakes cluster tightly along previously identified epicentral trends. Focal depths range from 0.5 to 22 km, but events deeper than 14 km are rare, and events shallower than 3 km are confined, almost exclusively, to the area between Ridgely, Tennessee, and New Madrid, Missouri. Focal mechanisms are generally consistent with the results of previous studies. The axial seismicity trend, which extends from Caruthersville, Missouri, to Marked Tree, Arkansas, is characterized by right-lateral strike-slip motion on a northeast trending, nearly vertical fault plane. The events between Ridgely, Tennessee, and New Madrid, Missouri, commonly show strike-slip focal mechanisms, with minor components of both normal and reverse dip slip.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB090iB12p10223","usgsCitation":"Andrews, M., Mooney, W.D., and Meyer, R., 1985, The relocation of microearthquakes in the northern Mississippi Embayment: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 90, no. B12, p. 10223-10236, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB090iB12p10223.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"10223","endPage":"10236","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375012,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Northern Mississippi Embayment","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.92236328125,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -88.43994140625,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -88.43994140625,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -92.92236328125,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -92.92236328125,\n 37.055177106660814\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"90","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, M.C.","contributorId":62602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, R.P.","contributorId":39146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70231353,"text":"70231353 - 1985 - The use of a spatial and tabular data base for order-three soil surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-06T17:07:56.428837","indexId":"70231353","displayToPublicDate":"1985-05-01T11:52:47","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The use of a spatial and tabular data base for order-three soil surveys","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"19th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment","conferenceDate":"October 21-25, 1985","conferenceLocation":"Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States","language":"English","publisher":"University of Michigan","usgsCitation":"Horvath, E.H., Klingebiel, A.A., and Moore, D.G., 1985, The use of a spatial and tabular data base for order-three soil surveys, in Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 1, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, October 21-25, 1985, p. 151-165.","productDescription":"67906, 15 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"165","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400297,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horvath, E. H.","contributorId":182374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horvath","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klingebiel, A. A.","contributorId":74006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klingebiel","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, D. G.","contributorId":7285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70209850,"text":"70209850 - 1985 - A new isostatic residual gravity map of the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-30T19:55:38.868523","indexId":"70209850","displayToPublicDate":"1985-04-30T14:44:07","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A new isostatic residual gravity map of the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"

In order to display more clearly the gravity anomalies caused by bodies of geologic interest in the crust, a new colored isostatic residual gravity map of the conterminous United States has been prepared using the gravity data set compiled for the Gravity Anomaly Map of the United States (SEG, 1982). The isostatic residual map is based on an Airy-Heiskanen model of local compensation, with the surface load requiring compensation being defined by 5-minute topographic and bathymetric data sets. Because topography-related anomalies have been removed to first approximation, the resulting isostatic residual map highlights density contrasts associated with geologic bodies in the crust. For example, the 2000 km-long gravity high that follows the Appalachian orogenic belt is delineated along its entire length without the topographic overprint characteristic of Bouguer maps. For purposes of displaying gravity anomalies caused by shallow bodies of geologic significance, the nature of the isostatic model and the values of its parameters are of lesser importance than the application of an isostatic correction of some sort. Most isostatic models will result in residual maps which appear very similar in their main patterns and features. Anomalies on isostatic residual gravity maps should not be casually interpreted in terms of \"undercompensation\" or \"overcompensation\" because large amplitude anomalies can be produced by crustal bodies in complete local isostatic equilibrium.

","conferenceTitle":"55th Annual International SEG Meeting","conferenceDate":"October 6-10, 1985","conferenceLocation":"Washington, DC","language":"English","publisher":"SEG","doi":"10.1190/1.1892727","usgsCitation":"Simpson, R.W., Jachens, R.C., Saltus, R.W., and Blakely, R.J., 1985, A new isostatic residual gravity map of the conterminous United States, 55th Annual International SEG Meeting, v. 4, no. 1, Washington, DC, October 6-10, 1985, p. 197-198, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1892727.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"198","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374416,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simpson, Robert W. simpson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Robert","email":"simpson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saltus, Richard W. saltus@usgs.gov","contributorId":777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"Richard","email":"saltus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70209251,"text":"70209251 - 1985 - GLORIA II sonograph mosaic of the western U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-25T13:02:52","indexId":"70209251","displayToPublicDate":"1985-03-25T12:56:07","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"GLORIA II sonograph mosaic of the western U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone","docAbstract":"

In 1983 the United States declared sovereign rights and jurisdiction over living and nonliving resources in an area extending 200 nautical miles (370 km) seaward from its shores. In response to the establishment of this Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has implemented a program, called EEZ‐Scan, to systematically map the EEZ, using the Geological Long‐ Range Inclined ASDIC (GLORIA) II longrange side scan sonar system developed by the Institute of Oceanographic Sciences (IOS) of Great Britain [Somers et al, 1978]. The first part of the EEZ‐Scan field program was completed in the summer of 1984, when USGS and IOS scientists surveyed the EEZ off the western conterminous United States aboard the British research vessel Farnella (Figure 1). The west coast survey, requiring 96 days of ship time and four separate legs, has resulted in virtually total sonograph coverage of the sea floor from the continental shelf break to the 200‐nautical mile limit between the Mexican and Canadian borders, an area of about 850,000 km2 . Other data collected on the cruises included two‐channel digital seismic reflection and 3.5‐kHz highresolution and 10‐kHz bathymetric profiles, as well as towed magnetometer data along approximately 20,000 km of trackline spaced nominally at 30‐km intervals.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/EO066i030p00553","usgsCitation":"Cacchione, D., Drake, D., Edwards, B., Field, M., Gardner, J., Hampton, M., Karl, H., McCulloch, D.S., Kenyon, N.H., and Masson, D., 1985, GLORIA II sonograph mosaic of the western U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 66, no. 30, p. 553-555, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO066i030p00553.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"553","endPage":"555","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Western U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.068359375,\n 48.04870994288686\n ],\n [\n -128.408203125,\n 47.100044694025215\n ],\n [\n -128.49609375,\n 41.244772343082076\n ],\n [\n -126.826171875,\n 35.53222622770337\n ],\n [\n -124.1015625,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -118.125,\n 32.76880048488168\n ],\n [\n -121.28906250000001,\n 34.813803317113155\n ],\n [\n -123.134765625,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -124.892578125,\n 40.713955826286046\n ],\n [\n -125.24414062499999,\n 44.59046718130883\n ],\n [\n -124.8046875,\n 46.01222384063236\n ],\n [\n -125.068359375,\n 48.04870994288686\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":785567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drake, D.E.","contributorId":48150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, B. 0000-0002-4655-8208","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4655-8208","contributorId":65368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Field, M.","contributorId":54003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gardner, J.","contributorId":18176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hampton, M.","contributorId":75860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Karl, H.","contributorId":40213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCulloch, David S. dmccullo@usgs.gov","contributorId":3100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCulloch","given":"David","email":"dmccullo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":785574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kenyon, Neil H.","contributorId":89535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kenyon","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Masson, D.","contributorId":59564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70120936,"text":"70120936 - 1985 - Effects of flood control alternatives on fish and wildlife resources of the Malheur-Harney lakes basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T14:26:41","indexId":"70120936","displayToPublicDate":"1985-03-01T14:15:31","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"WELUT-85/W06","title":"Effects of flood control alternatives on fish and wildlife resources of the Malheur-Harney lakes basin","docAbstract":"

Malheur Lake is the largest freshwater marsh in the western contiguous United States and is one of the main management units of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge in southeastern Oregon. The marsh provides excellent waterfowl production habitat as well as vital migration habitats for birds in the Pacific flyway. Water shortages have typically been a problem in this semiarid area; however, record snowfalls and cool summers have recently caused Malheur Lake to rise to its highest level in recorded history. This has resulted in the loss of approximately 57,000 acres of important wildlife habitat as well as extensive flooding of local ranches, roads, and railroad lines. Because of the importance of the Refuge, any water management plan for the Malheur-Harney Lakes Basin needs to consider the impact of management alternatives on the hydrology of Malheur Lake.

\n
\n

The facilitated modeling workshop described in this report was conducted January 14-18, 1985, under the joint sponsorship of the Portland Ecological Services Field Office and the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Region 1, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). The Portland Field Office is responsible for FWS reporting requirements on Federal water resource projects while the Refuge staff has management responsibility for much of the land affected by high water levels in the Malheur-Harney Lakes Basin. The primary objective of the workshop was to begin gathering and analyzing information concerning potential fish and wildlife impacts, needs, and opportunities associated with proposed U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE) flood control alternatives for Malheur Lake. The workshop was structured around the formulation of a computer model that would simulate the hydrologic effects of the various alternatives and any concommitant changes in vegetation communities and wildlife use patterns.

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\n

The simulation model is composed of three connected submodels. The Hydrology submodel calculates changes in lake volume, elevation, and surface area, as well as changes in water quality, that result from the proposed water management projects (upstream storage, upstream diversions, drainage canals) and the no action alternative. The Vegetation submodel determines associated changes in the areal extent of wetland and upland vegetation communities. Finally, the Wildlife submodel calculates indices of abundance or habitat suitability for colonial nesting birds (great egret, double-crested cormorant, white-faced ibis), greater sandhill crane, diving ducks, tundra swan, dabbling ducks, and Canada goose based on hydrologic and vegetation conditions. The model represents the Malheur-Harney Lakes Basin, but provides water quantity and quality indicators associated with additional flows that might occur in the Malheur River Basin. Several management scenarios, representing various flood control alternatives and assumptions concerning future runoff, were run to analyze model behavior. Scenario results are not intended as an analysis of all potential management actions or assumptions concerning future runoff. Rather, they demonstrate the type of analysis that could be conducted if the model was sufficiently refined and tested.

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Early in a model development project, the process of building the model is usually of greater benefit than the model itself. The model building process stimulates interaction among agencies, assists in integrating existing information, and helps identify research needs. These benefits usually accrue even in the absence of real predictive power in the resulting model. This workshop initiated interaction among the primary State and Federal resource and development agencies in a nonadversarial forum. The exchange of information and expertise among agencies provided the FWS with the best information currently available for use in the Planning Aid Letter it will develop at the Reconnaissance state of the COE study. If the COE subsequently initiates a Feasability Study, this information will be refined further and will aid the FWS in preparing its Coordination Act Report on any flood control alternative proposed by the COE.

\n
\n

The model building and testing process also helped identify model limitations and more general information needs that should be evaluated for further study prior to preparation of an FWS Coordination Act Report. Major needs associated with the Hydrology submodel include a more detailed representation of hydrologic units (separately consider Harney Lake, Mud Lake, and Malheur Lake or the three hydrological units within Malheur Lake, rather than a combined lake system) and explicitly representation of groundwater storage and discharge in water budget calculations. A better representation of the hydrological units will require more detailed topographic data for the basin, capacity-elevation and elevation-surface area curves for each unit, and better water flow data between the units. Additional water quality parameters and constraints on proposed canal operation due to conditions in the Malheur River might also be added. Key Vegetation submodel needs include fine-tuning existing vegetation relationships in the model and adding relationships to address the influence of historical conditions on vegetation development, effects of very rapid changes in lake level, effects of wildlife populations (e.g., carp, muskrat), responses of vegetation to habitat management actions (e.g, haying, grazing, burning), and better representation of sago pondweed dynamics. A complementary geographic information system might also be developed for spatial analyses. Major needs that should be evaluated for the Wildlife submodel include addition of other wildlife species that have important effects on habitat on the Refuge (e.g., carp, muskrat) and consideration of additional life-cycle requisites and controlling variable for species presently in the model. Some of these limitations could perhaps be overcome if historical data on habitat conditions were developed to use with historical data on wildlife populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Western Energy and Land Use Team","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, D.B., Auble, G.T., Ellison, R.A., and Roelle, J.E., 1985, Effects of flood control alternatives on fish and wildlife resources of the Malheur-Harney lakes basin, 51 p.","productDescription":"51 p.","numberOfPages":"51","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292467,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Malheur Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.974578,43.253095 ], [ -118.974578,43.415232 ], [ -118.629841,43.415232 ], [ -118.629841,43.253095 ], [ -118.974578,43.253095 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25fe1e4b033341871890d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, David B. hamiltond@usgs.gov","contributorId":193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"David","email":"hamiltond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":498647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Auble, Gregor T. 0000-0002-0843-2751 aubleg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-2751","contributorId":2187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"Gregor","email":"aubleg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellison, Richard A.","contributorId":19087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roelle, James E. roelleb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"James","email":"roelleb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70202116,"text":"70202116 - 1985 - Remote sensing of lunar pyroclastic mantling deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T12:17:21","indexId":"70202116","displayToPublicDate":"1985-03-01T12:15:30","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing of lunar pyroclastic mantling deposits","docAbstract":"

Mantling deposits on the Moon are considered to be pyroclastic units emplaced on the lunar surface as a result of explosive fire fountaining. These pyroclastic units are characterized as having low albedos, having smooth fine-textured surfaces, and consisting in part of homogeneous, Febearing volcanic glass and partially crystallized spheres. Mantling units exhibit low returns on depolarized 3.8-cm radar maps, indicating an absence of surface scatterers in the 1- to 50-cm-size range. A number of reflectance spectra from several regional pyroclastic deposits are presented for the first time; these data support a previous interpretation that mantling units have a unique spectral signature which is indicative of the presence of a significant Fe-bearing volcanic glass component. The Rima Bode region is discussed as an example of an area in which several types of remote sensing data (including 3.8-cm radar, spectral reflectance, and multispectral vidicon data) were used to reconstruct the geologic events surrounding the emplacement of a regional pyroclastic mantling deposit. The recognition of numerous varieties of volcanic glass samples, especially relatively high-albedo (e.g., green, yellow) glasses, suggests the existence of additional, unrecognized mantling deposits with albedos higher than those studied to date. On the basis of the remote sensing data summarized and presented, five new areas have been identified which may represent higher-albedo regional pyroclastic deposits.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0019-1035(85)90136-8","usgsCitation":"Gaddis, L.R., Pieters, C.M., and Hawke, B.R., 1985, Remote sensing of lunar pyroclastic mantling deposits: Icarus, v. 61, no. 3, p. 461-489, https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(85)90136-8.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"461","endPage":"489","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361136,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Moon","volume":"61","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaddis, Lisa R. 0000-0001-9953-5483 lgaddis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-5483","contributorId":2817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaddis","given":"Lisa","email":"lgaddis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pieters, Carle M.","contributorId":193891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pieters","given":"Carle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawke, B. Ray","contributorId":76570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawke","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70208363,"text":"70208363 - 1985 - Gas hydrates on the northern California continental margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-05T12:35:47","indexId":"70208363","displayToPublicDate":"1985-02-05T12:29:23","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas hydrates on the northern California continental margin","docAbstract":"

The inner continental margin of northern California is underlain by a well-defined and extensive acoustic reflector that crosses other reflectors and mimics the surface of the sea floor. This bottom-simulating reflector (BSR) lies at a typical subsurface depth of about 250 m and has been mapped continuously beneath the Klamath Plateau and upper slope (water depths of 800 to 1200 m) for a distance of more than 130 km; it covers an area of at least 3000 km2. Limited data show that the BSR extends northward into Oregon and seaward at least to the base of the slope (3000 m).

The water depths, subsurface depths, and pervasive nature of the BSR all suggest that it represents the base of a natural-gas hydrate. Using standard phase boundary diagrams for hydrate stability, we estimate the local geothermal gradient within the gas hydrate to be about 55 °C/km. This value is higher than that of most subduction margins and may be a result of the youthfulness of the subducting oceanic crust. This acoustically inferred gas hydrate is the first to be mapped on the western conterminous United States continental margin.

","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<517:GHOTNC>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Field, M.E., and Kvenvolden, K.A., 1985, Gas hydrates on the northern California continental margin: Geology, v. 13, no. 7, p. 517-520, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<517:GHOTNC>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"517","endPage":"520","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372070,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Northern California continental margin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.4583740234375,\n 40.371658891506094\n ],\n [\n -123.98071289062499,\n 40.371658891506094\n ],\n [\n -123.98071289062499,\n 41.92680320648791\n ],\n [\n -125.4583740234375,\n 41.92680320648791\n ],\n [\n -125.4583740234375,\n 40.371658891506094\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Field, Michael E. mfield@usgs.gov","contributorId":2101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Michael","email":"mfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kvenvolden, Keith A. kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":3384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"Keith","email":"kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70121028,"text":"70121028 - 1985 - Environmental systems and management activities on the Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida: results of a modeling workshop","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-19T10:26:37","indexId":"70121028","displayToPublicDate":"1985-02-01T09:53:42","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"WELUT-85/W05","title":"Environmental systems and management activities on the Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida: results of a modeling workshop","docAbstract":"

In the early 1960's, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) began purchasing 140,000 acres on Merritt Island, Florida, in order to develop a center for space exploration. Most of this land was acquired to provide a safety and security buffer around NASA facilities. NASA, as the managing agency for the Kennedy Space Center (KSC), is responsible for preventing or controlling environmental pollution from the Federal facilities and activities at the Space Center and is committed to use all practicable means to protect and enhance the quality of the surrounding environment. The Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1963 when management authority for undeveloped lands at KSC was transferred to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

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In addition to manage for 11 Federally-listed threatened and endangered species and other resident and migratory fish and wildlife populations, the Refuge has comanagement responsibility for 19,000 acres of mosquito control impoundments and 2,500 acres of citrus groves. The Canaveral National Seashore was developed in 1975 when management of a portion of the coastal lands was transferred from NASA to the National Park Service. This multiagency jurisdiction on Merritt Island has resulted in a complex management environment.

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The modeling workshop described in this report was conducted May 21-25, 1984, at the Kennedy Space Center to: (1) enhance communication among the agencies with management responsibilities on Merritt Island; (2) integrate available information concerning the development, management, and ecology of Merritt Island; and (3) identify key research and monitoring needs associated with the management and use of the island's resources. The workshop was structured around the formulation of a model that would simulate primary management and use activities on Merritt Island and their effects on upland, impoundment, and estuarine vegetation and associated wildlife.

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The simulation model is composed of four connected submodels. The Uplands submodel calculates changes in acres and structural components of vegetation communities resulting from succession, fire, facilities development, and shuttle launch depositions, as well as the quantity and quality of surface runoff and aquifer input to an impoundment and an estuary. The Impoundment submodel next determines water quality and quantity and changes in vegetation resulting from water level manipulation and prescribed burning. The Estuary submodel than determines water quality parameters and acres of seagrass beds. Finally, the Wildlife submodel calculates habitat suitability indices for key species of interest, based on vegetation conditions in the uplands and impoundments and on several hydrologic parameters. The model represents a hypothetical management unit with 2,500 acres of uplands, a 600-acre impoundment, and a 1,500-acre section of estuary. Two management scenarios were run to analyze model behavior. The scenarios differ in the frequency of shuttle launches and prescribed burning, the extent of facilities development, the amount of land disposed waste material applied, and the nature and timing of impoundment water level control.

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\n

Early in a model development project, the process of building the model is usually of greater benefit than the model itself. The model building process stimulates interaction among agencies, assists in integrating existing information, and helps identify research needs. These benefits usually accrue even in the absence of real predictive power in the resulting model. Open communication occurs among the Federal, State, and local agencies involved with activities on Merritt Island and the agencies have a cooperative working relationship. The workshop provided an opportunity for all of these agencies to meet at one time and have focused discussions on the key environmental and multiagency resource management issues. The workshop framework helped to integrate information and assumptions from a number of disciplines and agencies. This integration occurred in the computer simulation model and among workshop participants as submodel linkages were developed and scenario results discussed.

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\n

A number of research needs were identified at the workshop during the model building and testing exercises and associated discussions. These needs were based on the informed judgement of researchers and managers familiar with Merritt Island or similar areas, rather than on a comprehensive literature review of sensitivity analysis of the preliminary model developed at the workshop. Some of the needs can be addressed by interpreting the results of completed studies from similar geographic areas as they relate to Merritt Island, while other will require additional research studies on Merritt Island. Major research needs associated with the Upland submodel include behavior of the near-surface aquifer, factors limiting slash pine regeneration, frequency and effects of natural fire on various cover types, cumulative effects of shuttle launches, and fate in upland soils of nitrogen and phosphorous from land applied waste material. Key Impoundment submodel needs include documentation of vegetation changes in response to altered water depth, salinity, and nutrient concentrations and better specification of the functional characteristics of impoundments as chemical filters. Important information gaps identified in the Estuary submodel include a more complete analysis of factors contributing to phytoplankton abundance, evaluation of sources of turbidity other than phytoplankton, and identification and quantification of factors limiting seagrass distribution. Primary research needs associated with the Wildlife submodel include a survey of breeding habitat, production data, and harvest data for mottled ducks; data on the emigration and immigration of juvenile mullet (and other transient fish) in the impoundment; the contribution of various seagrasses to habitat requirements of sea trout; and the effects of dissolved oxygen on survival of juvenile sea trout.

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Ideally, the modeling workshop process is iterative in nature. Periods between workshops are used for research, data collection, and model refinement. Each workshop integrates information collected since the last workshop and produces a more credible model that is more useful in evaluating management alternatives. Participants felt that continued application of this process would help provide ongoing integration and communication among agencies and would allow each agency's planning and management activities to be viewed within the context of an overall assessment.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Western Energy and Land Use Team","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, D.B., Andrews, A.K., Auble, G.T., Ellison, R.A., Farmer, A.H., and Roelle, J.E., 1985, Environmental systems and management activities on the Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida: results of a modeling workshop, 130 p.","productDescription":"130 p.","numberOfPages":"130","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292522,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f464cae4b073ff773a7cfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, David B. hamiltond@usgs.gov","contributorId":193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"David","email":"hamiltond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":498689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, Austin K.","contributorId":85516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Austin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Auble, Gregor T. 0000-0002-0843-2751 aubleg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-2751","contributorId":2187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"Gregor","email":"aubleg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellison, Richard A.","contributorId":19087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farmer, Adrian H.","contributorId":107759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"Adrian","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roelle, James E. roelleb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"James","email":"roelleb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70121024,"text":"70121024 - 1985 - Problems in estimating age-specific survival rates from recovery data of birds ringed as young","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-19T09:43:41","indexId":"70121024","displayToPublicDate":"1985-02-01T09:33:42","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Problems in estimating age-specific survival rates from recovery data of birds ringed as young","docAbstract":"

(1) The life table model is frequently employed in the analysis of ringer samples of young in bird populations. The basic model is biologically unrealistic and of little use in making inferences concerning age-specific survival probabilities.

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(2) This model rests on a number of restrictive assumptions, the failure of which causes serious biases. Several important assumptions are not met with real data and the estimators of age-specific survival are not robust enough to these failures.

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(3) Five major problems in the use of the life table method are reviewed. Examples are provided to illustrate several of the problems involved in using this method in making inferences about survival rates and its age-specific nature.

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(4) We conclude that this is an invalid procedure and it should not be used. Furthermore, ringing studies involving only young birds are pointless as regards survival estimation because no valid method exists for estimating age-specific or time-specific survival rates from such data.

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(5) In our view, inferences about age-specific survival rates are possible only if both young and adult (or young, subadult and adult) age classes are ringed each year for k years (k ≥ 2).

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Animal Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","publisherLocation":"Cambridge","doi":"10.2307/4622","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D., Burnham, K.P., and White, G.C., 1985, Problems in estimating age-specific survival rates from recovery data of birds ringed as young: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 54, no. 1, p. 89-98, https://doi.org/10.2307/4622.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"98","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292507,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292506,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4622"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f464cee4b073ff773a7d50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, David R.","contributorId":8413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnham, Kenneth P.","contributorId":95025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":189,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":26256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70209048,"text":"70209048 - 1985 - Acute oral toxicity and repellency of 933 chemicals to house and deer mice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-12T10:38:15","indexId":"70209048","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-31T10:32:27","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acute oral toxicity and repellency of 933 chemicals to house and deer mice","docAbstract":"

Five individual bioassay repellency or toxicity variables were estimated or determined for deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and house mice (Mus musculus) under laboratory conditions. ALD's (Approximate Lethal Doses) or LD50's of 230 chemicals to deer mice are presented, as are food reduction (FR) values (3-day feeding test as a 2.0% treatment rate) for white wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum) for 696 chemicals and Douglas fir seeds (Pseudotsuga menziesii) for 81 chemicals. A similar repellency evaluation (REP) using a 5-day test with white wheat seeds at a 2.0% treatment rate was conducted with house mice and the results for 347 chemicals are presented. These toxicity and repellency data should be useful to those desiring to predict the potential for acute toxicity in wild mammals following exposure to a wide variety of chemicals.

A calculation of the daily chemical dose ingested in mg/kg/day during the wheat test on deer mice and its resultant effects on mortality are also presented for most of the 696 chemicals. This calculated value, when used along with the ALD or LD50, should permit a rough estimate of the potential subacute toxicity of any tested chemical on wild mammals for which both types of data are available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01055769","usgsCitation":"Schafer, E.W., and Bowles, W.A., 1985, Acute oral toxicity and repellency of 933 chemicals to house and deer mice: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 14, no. 1, p. 111-129, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055769.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"129","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373179,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schafer, E. W. Jr.","contributorId":16024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schafer","given":"E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowles, W. A. Jr.","contributorId":223230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowles","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":48904,"text":"ofr84725 - 1985 - Geohydrologic data for a low-level radioactive contamination site, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-04T15:38:39","indexId":"ofr84725","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T15:36:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-725","title":"Geohydrologic data for a low-level radioactive contamination site, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"The data, generally presented in table-format, are organized within the following six categories: Administrative, lithologic, hydrologic, chemical, geophysical, and climatological.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84725","usgsCitation":"Ryan, B.J., 1985, Geohydrologic data for a low-level radioactive contamination site, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-725, ix, 296 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84725.","productDescription":"ix, 296 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Wood River Junction","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.700597,41.433718 ], [ -71.700597,41.452087 ], [ -71.690786,41.452087 ], [ -71.690786,41.433718 ], [ -71.700597,41.433718 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e09e52e4b0beb42bdca3fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryan, Barbara J.","contributorId":62989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70114204,"text":"70114204 - 1985 - Hydrogeology, digital solute-transport simulation, and geochemistry of the Lower Cretaceous aquifer system near Baltimore, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T15:11:45","indexId":"70114204","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T13:01:54","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":121,"text":"Maryland Geological Survey Report of Investigations","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"43","title":"Hydrogeology, digital solute-transport simulation, and geochemistry of the Lower Cretaceous aquifer system near Baltimore, Maryland","docAbstract":"

This study was made to develop information on the hydrogeology and ground-water geochemistry of the Patuxent and Patapsco aquifers (Lower Cretaceous) near Baltimore, Maryland. This information is needed to evaluate the availability and chemical quality of water from these aquifers.

The Patuxent aquifer unconformably overlies Lower Paleozoic and Precambrian basement rocks and consists primarily of medium- to coarse-grained quartz sand. Discontinuous lenses of gravel and silty clay are commonly interbedded with the sand-sized material. The Patuxent aquifer in this area attains a thickness of 250 feet and transmissivities range from 2,000 to 8,000 feet squared per day. The Patuxent is the most productive source of ground water in the Baltimore area. In 1982, approximately 11 million gallons of water per day was produced from this unit. Several cones of depression, ranging from 30 to 50 feet below sea level, have developed in response to this pumping stress.

The Arundel Formation conformably overlies the Patuxent aquifer. The Arundel is composed predominantly of clay and ranges from 0 to 150 feet thick. The Arundel exhibits very low vertical hydraulic conductivities that are on the order of 10-9 to 10-11 feet per second. This unit acts as the upper confining bed of the Patuxent aquifer in much of the project area. The Patapsco aquifer unconformably overlies the Arundel Formation and is a medium- to fine-grained quartz sand. The Patapsco functions as a water-table aquifer in much of the project area. Although the Patapsco has been heavily pumped in the past, pumpage from that aquifer in Baltimore was negligible in 1982.

Brackish-water contamination of the Patuxent and Patapsco aquifers has been a major water-quality problem since the early 1900's. The Patuxent aquifer presently (1982) contains a circular plume of brackish-water contamination about 5 miles in diameter. This plume is centered on the Harbor district and has enlarged measurably since 1945. The Patapsco aquifer has a smaller zone of brackish-water contamination that has decreased in size since 1945. Borehole data demonstrate that the Arundel Formation has been breached by Pleistocene river channels near the Harbor district. These erosional channels provide a conduit for brackish water to intrude into the Patuxent aquifer. A two-dimensional areal solute-transport model of the Patuxent aquifer was constructed. This model was designed to estimate the future movement of the brackish-water plume based on alternative scenarios of aquifer use. Model simulations suggest that the plume will remain relatively immobile if 1982 pumping patterns continue into the foreseeable future. However, increased pumpage in the Marley Neck peninsula could draw the plume to the southeast and increase contamination of the Fairfield area.

The water quality of the Patuxent aquifer is extremely variable. Because of this variability, it is useful to divide the aquifer into three water-quality zones: Zone 1 -- This zone corresponds to the plume of brackish-water contamination. Zone 2 -- This zone exhibits evidence of urbanization-related contamination such as measurable concentrations of organic chemicals and elevated concentrations of trace elements and total organic carbon. Zone 3 -- Water composition in this zone is controlled exclusively by naturally occurring chemical processes. These processes are dominated by reactions involving dissolved iron. Near the outcrop area, oxidation of pyrite and lignite consumes dissolved oxygen and produces ledges of iron hydroxide-cemented sandstones and conglomerates. The predominant dissolved iron species in oxic water is Fe(OH)2+. Downgradient, the water becomes anoxic and sulfate reduction becomes an important process. The predominant dissolved iron species in anoxic water is Fe2+.

","language":"English","publisher":"Maryland Geological Survey","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., 1985, Hydrogeology, digital solute-transport simulation, and geochemistry of the Lower Cretaceous aquifer system near Baltimore, Maryland: Maryland Geological Survey Report of Investigations 43, Report: vi, 120 p.; 2 Plates: 12.35 x 15.77 inches and 13.82 x 9.30 inches.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 120 p.; 2 Plates: 12.35 x 15.77 inches and 13.82 x 9.30 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290144,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70114204/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"60.51 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":290142,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70114204/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"699.75 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 1"},{"id":290143,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70114204/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"369.62 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","city":"Baltimore","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.798553,39.025052 ], [ -76.798553,39.45104 ], [ -76.315842,39.45104 ], [ -76.315842,39.025052 ], [ -76.798553,39.025052 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53aa9df3e4b065055fab166b","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"with a section compiled by Kean, Tracey M.","contributorId":16756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"with a section compiled by Kean","given":"Tracey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681410,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70247994,"text":"70247994 - 1985 - Analysis of gravity data in volcanic terrain and gravity anomalies and subvolcanic intrusions in the Cascade Range, U.S.A., and at other selected volcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-30T17:49:46.327196","indexId":"70247994","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T12:35:19","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"28","title":"Analysis of gravity data in volcanic terrain and gravity anomalies and subvolcanic intrusions in the Cascade Range, U.S.A., and at other selected volcanoes","docAbstract":"

Gravity data were investigated to reveal the presence of subvolcanic intrusions. With few exceptions, these intrusions produce a detectable gravity anomaly. In the past, these gravity anomalies have often been overlooked or misinterpreted because the data reduction procedure was inadequate. A pragmatic method for reducing and interpreting reconnaissance gravity data from volcanoes as well as gravity models of a variety of volcanoes is developed.

Large calderas (diameters greater than 15 km) have relatively low-density intrusions beneath them. All other large volcanic systems that would include small calderas (diameters less than 15 km) have relatively high-density intrusions beneath them. The density contrasts that produce the observed anomalies occur between the intrusion, whose density is usually greater than 2.6 g/cm3, and the country rock. Commonly, the shallow country rock is an older volcanic layer with a density less than 2.5 g/cm3. The result of the contrast is a positive anomaly over the intrusion. For larger calderas, the surrounding volcanic layer is usually thin and overlies dense metamorphic and plutonic country rocks. In this case, we find the intrusion commonly less dense than country rock. The result is a negative anomaly.

In modeling volcanoes of the Cascade Range, gravity data and geologic considerations required a bottom on the intrusion. This may be an actual bottom or the depth at which the density contrast between the intrusion and the country rock disappears. The tops of the intrusions are usually shallow and are significantly wider than overlying craters or calderas. Calderas are associated with wider intrusions. Some intrusions are single cooling units, but more commonly they are an accumulation of the unerupted portions of individual magmatic injections. These injections could occur periodically throughout the life of the volcano, and would generally be accompanied by eruption. Comparing the volume of the intrusion and the volume of the volcanic edifice indicates that only a small part of a magma injection erupts, although some of the apparent intrusive material may be reworked older volcanics. Exceptions to the general discussion presented tend to be related to the nature of the country rock.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The utility of regional gravity and magnetic anomaly maps","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.0931830346.ch28","usgsCitation":"Williams, D.L., and Finn, C.A., 1985, Analysis of gravity data in volcanic terrain and gravity anomalies and subvolcanic intrusions in the Cascade Range, U.S.A., and at other selected volcanoes, chap. 28 of The utility of regional gravity and magnetic anomaly maps, p. 361-374, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.0931830346.ch28.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"374","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420309,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n 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-120.18358321008554,\n 47.48164187501399\n ],\n [\n -120.15580897108833,\n 47.68027824623897\n ],\n [\n -119.83362191584075,\n 47.772081239400734\n ],\n [\n -119.6179903299419,\n 48.191140057030225\n ],\n [\n -119.46681349034304,\n 48.388178086660986\n ],\n [\n -119.35554874923722,\n 49.03338055353481\n ],\n [\n -122.35659782984894,\n 49.046493804118995\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hinze, William J.","contributorId":102945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinze","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":881454,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Williams, David L.","contributorId":10028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":881452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, Carol A. 0000-0002-6178-0405 cfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":1326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol","email":"cfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":906,"text":"906 - 1985 - Water resources data: New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-09T09:13:31","indexId":"906","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T09:10:51","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Water resources data: New York","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"U.S. Geological Survey water-supply paper","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/906","collaboration":"Prepared by U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, in cooperation with the State of New York and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1985, Water resources data: New York, https://doi.org/10.3133/906.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.7621,40.496 ], [ -79.7621,45.0159 ], [ -71.8563,45.0159 ], [ -71.8563,40.496 ], [ -79.7621,40.496 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53be6490e4b0527d5d4097eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2000005,"text":"2000005 - 1985 - Population dynamics and interagency management of the bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan, 1967-1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:59","indexId":"2000005","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":222,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"44","title":"Population dynamics and interagency management of the bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan, 1967-1982","docAbstract":"This paper examines the population dynamics of the bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan during a progressive decline in abundance from about the mid1960s through the mid1970s, and during a subsequent recovery that is still underway. The study focused on developing a data base and methodology for projecting fishable surpluses, in cooperation with a chub technical committee sponsored by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. The Technical Committee was formed in 1974 because of depletion of bloaters and other deepwater ciscoes or 'chubs,' as they are known by Great Lakes fishermen. Subsequently the Technical Committee recommended a lakewide ban on chub fishing that was fully enacted by the states of Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin in 1976.\nWith the Committee's help, commercial fishery statistics and stock assessment data were obtained from state and federal research files and used with various indirect analytical techniques to estimate relevant population parameters. The lakewide fishable stock in fall 1973, before the fishery was affected by several incomplete closures and then by the lakewide ban, was estimated as 48 to 73 million bloaters weighing 20 to 29 million pounds. Exploitation of the estimated stock varied considerably among 11 statistical districts in the several jurisdictions. Yield to the fishery exceeded production by the stock in some districts.\nTheoretical yields of bloaters totaling 3.59 to 3.72 million pounds were projected from 1979 for all waters combined. These projected yields were intended as guidelines for experimental quotas that the states might establish, because the population had stabilized and the potential for recruitment had improved in most areas.","language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","usgsCitation":"Brown, E.H., Rybicki, R.W., and Poff, R.J., 1985, Population dynamics and interagency management of the bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan, 1967-1982: Technical Report 44, 34 p.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":91890,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.glfc.org/pubs/TechReports/Tr44.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db684133","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Edward H. Jr.","contributorId":33251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Edward","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rybicki, Ronald W.","contributorId":34886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poff, Ronald J.","contributorId":105406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poff","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":2000106,"text":"2000106 - 1985 - Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T10:29:12","indexId":"2000106","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"79/31","title":"Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States","docAbstract":"This classification, to be used in a new inventory of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States, is intended to describe ecological taxa, arrange them in a system useful to resource managers, furnish units for mapping, and provide uniformity of concepts and terms. Wetlands are defined by plants (hydrophytes), soils (hydric soils), and frequency of flooding. Ecologically related areas of deep water, traditionally not considered wetlands, are included in the classification as deepwater habitats.Systems form the highest level of the classification hierarchy; five are defined-Marine, Estuarine, Riverine, Lacustrine, and Palustrine. Marine and Estuarine Systems each have two Subsystems, Subtidal and Intertidal; the Riverine System has four Subsystems, Tidal, Lower Perennial, Upper Perennial, and Intermittent; the Lacustrine has two, Littoral and Limnetic; and the Palustrine has no Subsystems.Within the Subsystems, Classes are based on substrate material and flooding regime, or on vegetative life form. The same Classes may appear under one or more of the Systems or Subsystems. Six Classes are based on substrate and flooding regime: (1) Rock Bottom with a substrate of bedrock, boulders, or stones; (2) Unconsolidated Bottom with a substrate of cobbles, gravel, sand, mud, or organic material; (3) Rocky Shore with the same substrates as Rock Bottom; (4) Unconsolidated Shore with the same substrates as Unconsolidated Bottom; (5) Streambed with any of the substrates; and (6) Reef with a substrate composed of the living and dead remains of invertebrates (corals, mollusks, or worms). The bottom Classes, (1) and (2) above, are flooded all or most of the time and the shore Classes, (3) and (4), are exposed most of the time. The Class Streambed is restricted to channels of intermittent streams and tidal channels that are dewatered at low tide. The life form of the dominant vegetation defines the five Classes based on vegetative form: (1) Aquatic Bed, dominated by plants that grow principally on or below the surface of the water; (2) Moss-Lichen Wetland, dominated by mosses or lichens; (3) Emergent Wetland, dominated by emergent herbaceous angiosperms; (4) Scrub-Shrub Wetland, dominated by shrubs or small trees; and (5) Forested Wetland, dominated by large trees.The Dominance Type, which is named for the dominant plant or animal forms, is the lowest level of the classification hierarchy. Only examples are provided for this level; Dominance Types must be developed by individual users of the classification.Modifying terms applied to the Classes or Subclasses are essential for use of the system. In tidal areas, the type and duration of flooding are described by four Water Regime Modifiers: subtidal, irregularly exposed, regularly flooded, and irregularly flooded. In nontidal areas, eight Regimes are used: permanently flooded, intermittently exposed, semipermanently flooded, seasonally flooded, saturated, temporarily flooded, intermittently flooded, and artificially flooded. A hierarchical system of Water Chemistry Modifiers, adapted from the Venice System, is used to describe the salinity of the water. Fresh waters are further divided on the basis of pH. Use of a hierarchical system of soil modifiers taken directly from U.S. soil taxonomy is also required. Special modifiers are used where appropriate: excavated, impounded, diked, partly drained, farmed, and artificial.Regional differences important to wetland ecology are described through a regionalization that combines a system developed for inland areas by R. G. Bailey in 1976 with our Marine and Estuarine provinces.The structure of the classification allows it to be used at any of several hierarchical levels. Special data required for detailed application of the system are frequently unavailable, and thus data gathering may be prerequisite to classification. Development of rules by the user will be required for specific map scales. Dominance Types and relationships of plant and anima","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","usgsCitation":"Cowardin, L., Carter, V., Golet, F., and LaRoe, E., 1985, Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States: FWS/OBS 79/31, 132 p.","productDescription":"132 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"131","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de2ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cowardin, L.M.","contributorId":106435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowardin","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, V.","contributorId":61115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Golet, F.C.","contributorId":32124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golet","given":"F.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaRoe, E.T.","contributorId":103766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaRoe","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012275,"text":"70012275 - 1985 - LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL OF SEDIMENT IN THE NORTHERN BERING SEA.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:06","indexId":"70012275","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL OF SEDIMENT IN THE NORTHERN BERING SEA.","docAbstract":"The liquefaction potential of sediment in Norton Sound and the northern Bering Sea was evaluated by estimating the liquefaction susceptibility of the material from in-situ and laboratory tests in terms of earthquake and wave loads required to liquefy the material, and then comparing estimated behavior with anticipated loadings caused by frequent storm waves in the relatively shallow water depths and infrequent earthquakes. In-situ cone penetration tests (CPT) were performed at 13 stations. After the CPT data were transformed into equivalent standard penetration test (SPT) blow counts, analyses were performed that determined earthquake accelerations and sustained relative storm wave heights that would cause liquefaction. Vibratory core samples, up to 6 m long, were obtained in silty sand grading to sandy silt near many of the CPT locations. Results of cyclic triaxial tests performed on those samples were used to calculate earthquake accelerations and sustained storm wave heights that would liquefy the sediment.","largerWorkTitle":"ASTM Special Technical Publication","conferenceTitle":"Strength Testing of Marine Sediments: Laboratory and In-Situ Measurements.","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASTM","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA, USA","issn":"00660558","isbn":"0803104316","usgsCitation":"Winters, W.J., 1985, LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL OF SEDIMENT IN THE NORTHERN BERING SEA., in ASTM Special Technical Publication, San Diego, CA, USA, p. 454-472.","startPage":"454","endPage":"472","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40e9e4b0c8380cd65130","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Chaney Ronald C.Demars Kenneth R.","contributorId":128443,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Chaney Ronald C.Demars Kenneth R.","id":536247,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Winters, William J. bwinters@usgs.gov","contributorId":522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"William","email":"bwinters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":363157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009913,"text":"70009913 - 1985 - Mechanistic roles of soil humus and minerals in the sorption of nonionic organic compounds from aqueous and organic solutions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-19T10:47:58","indexId":"70009913","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanistic roles of soil humus and minerals in the sorption of nonionic organic compounds from aqueous and organic solutions","docAbstract":"

Mechanistic roles of soil humus and soil minerals and their contributions to soil sorption of nonionic organic compounds from aqueous and organic solutions are illustrated. Parathion and lindane are used as model solutes on two soils that differ greatly in their humic and mineral contents. In aqueous systems, observed sorptive characteristics suggest that solute partitioning into the soil-humic phase is the primary mechanism of soil uptake. By contrast, data obtained from organic solutions on dehydrated soil partitioning into humic phase and adsorption by soil minerals is influenced by the soil-moisture content and by the solvent medium from which the solute is sorbed. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0146-6380(85)90045-2","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., Shoup, T., and Porter, P., 1985, Mechanistic roles of soil humus and minerals in the sorption of nonionic organic compounds from aqueous and organic solutions: Organic Geochemistry, v. 8, no. 1, p. 9-14, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(85)90045-2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5374e4b0c8380cd6cac7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shoup, T.D.","contributorId":12614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoup","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Porter, P.E.","contributorId":31109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70009927,"text":"70009927 - 1985 - Preliminary evaluation of the landsat-4 thematic mapper data for mineral exploration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-20T20:48:57","indexId":"70009927","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":661,"text":"Advances in Space Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary evaluation of the landsat-4 thematic mapper data for mineral exploration","docAbstract":"Landsat-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) data recorded over an arid terrain were analyzed to determine the applicability of using of TM data for identifying and mapping hydrothermally altered, potentially mineralized rocks. Clays, micas, and other minerals bearing the OH anion in specific crystal lattice positions have absorption bands in the 2.2-??m region (TM channel 7, TM7) and commonly lack features in the 1.6-??m region (TM5). Channel ratios TM5/TM7, TM5/TM4, and TM3/TM1 were combined into a color-ratio-composite (CRC) image and used to distinguish hydrothermally altered rocks, unaltered rocks, and vegetation. These distinctions are made possible by using the TM5 and TM7, channels which are not available in the Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS). Digital masking was used to eliminate ambiguities due to water and shadows. However, some ambiguities in identification resulted between altered volcanic rocks and unaltered sedimentary deposits that contained clays, carbonates, and gypsum, and between altered volcanic rocks and volcanic tuffs diagenetically altered to zeolites. However, compared to MSS data, TM data should greatly improve the ability to map hydrothermally altered rocks in arid terrains. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Space Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0273-1177(85)90252-2","issn":"02731177","usgsCitation":"Podwysocki, M.H., Power, M., and Jones, O.D., 1985, Preliminary evaluation of the landsat-4 thematic mapper data for mineral exploration: Advances in Space Research, v. 5, no. 5, p. 13-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90252-2.","startPage":"13","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267875,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90252-2"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a840de4b0c8380cd7c2a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Podwysocki, M. H.","contributorId":70391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Podwysocki","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Power, M.S.","contributorId":102896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, O. D.","contributorId":42700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1013958,"text":"1013958 - 1985 - Comparative sensitivities of diagnostic procedures used to detect bacterial kidney disease in salmonid fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-18T11:21:02.990927","indexId":"1013958","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative sensitivities of diagnostic procedures used to detect bacterial kidney disease in salmonid fishes","docAbstract":"

Kidney and spleen homogenates from each of 60 coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) were examined for detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum. The proportions of positives differed widely with the detection procedures used: in coho salmon, 5% were positive by the Gram-stain procedure, 10% by the direct fluorescent antibody test, 48% by bacteriological isolation, 65% by staphylococcal coagglutination, and 73% by counterimmunoelectrophoresis; in steelhead trout, 3% were positive by Gram-stain, 8.3% by fluorescent antibody, 17% by bacteriological isolation, and 67% by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. Renibacterium salmoninarum was not detected in either coho salmon or steelhead trout by immunodiffusion analysis.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-21.2.144","usgsCitation":"Cipriano, R.C., Starliper, C.E., and Schachte, J.H., 1985, Comparative sensitivities of diagnostic procedures used to detect bacterial kidney disease in salmonid fishes: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 21, no. 2, p. 144-148, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-21.2.144.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"144","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132104,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae51b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cipriano, R. C.","contributorId":12400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cipriano","given":"R.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Starliper, C. E.","contributorId":59739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starliper","given":"C.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schachte, J. H.","contributorId":27399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schachte","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":2001167,"text":"2001167 - 1985 - Interpretation of criteria commonly used to determine lead poisoning problem areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-26T13:26:14","indexId":"2001167","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":24,"text":"Fish and Wildlife Leaflet","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2","title":"Interpretation of criteria commonly used to determine lead poisoning problem areas","docAbstract":"Determination of lead poisoning problem areas is complicated by the nature of the disease process. Rigorous documentation of lead poisoning as a cause of mortality in birds requires the integration and evaluation of pathological and toxicological data by an experienced diagnostician. No single technique provides unequivocal proof that lead exposure occurred at the site of death. However, evaluation processes that integrate knowledge regarding the course of lead poisoning in birds, bird movement patterns in specific geographic areas, and findings from studies involving criteria commonly used to measure exposure to lead shot provide a sound basis for determination of specific problem areas. Sequential sampling during the period of bird use is an important requirement for establishing strong cause and effect relations. Knowledge of lead poisoning characteristics as a disease process are also useful in identifying lead poisoning problem areas.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","usgsCitation":"Friend, M., 1985, Interpretation of criteria commonly used to determine lead poisoning problem areas: Fish and Wildlife Leaflet 2, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":94558,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/ref/collection/document/id/1988"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dae4b07f02db5e05ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friend, Milton 0000-0002-2882-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3629","contributorId":31332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"Milton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":325502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012762,"text":"70012762 - 1985 - Lognormal field size distributions as a consequence of economic truncation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:43","indexId":"70012762","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2554,"text":"Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lognormal field size distributions as a consequence of economic truncation","docAbstract":"The assumption of lognormal (parent) field size distributions has for a long time been applied to resource appraisal and evaluation of exploration strategy by the petroleum industry. However, frequency distributions estimated with observed data and used to justify this hypotheses are conditional. Examination of various observed field size distributions across basins and over time shows that such distributions should be regarded as the end result of an economic filtering process. Commercial discoveries depend on oil and gas prices and field development costs. Some new fields are eliminated due to location, depths, or water depths. This filtering process is called economic truncation. Economic truncation may occur when predictions of a discovery process are passed through an economic appraisal model. We demonstrate that (1) economic resource appraisals, (2) forecasts of levels of petroleum industry activity, and (3) expected benefits of developing and implementing cost reducing technology are sensitive to assumptions made about the nature of that portion of (parent) field size distribution subject to economic truncation. ?? 1985 Plenum Publishing Corporation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF01032925","issn":"00205958","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., and Drew, L., 1985, Lognormal field size distributions as a consequence of economic truncation: Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology, v. 17, no. 4, p. 335-351, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01032925.","startPage":"335","endPage":"351","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205292,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01032925"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a494ae4b0c8380cd684b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, E. D. 0000-0001-6845-7160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":107672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"E.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, L.J.","contributorId":69157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012193,"text":"70012193 - 1985 - MAJOR SOURCE OF SIDE-LOOKING AIRBORNE RADAR IMAGERY FOR RESEARCH AND EXPLORATION: THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:03","indexId":"70012193","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"MAJOR SOURCE OF SIDE-LOOKING AIRBORNE RADAR IMAGERY FOR RESEARCH AND EXPLORATION: THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey (USGS) instituted a program in 1980 to acquire side-looking airbore radar (SLAR) data and make these data readily available to the public in a mosaic format comparable to the USGS 1:250,000-scale topographic map series. The SLAR data are also available as strip images at an acquisition scale of 1:250,000 or 1:400,000 (depending on the acquisition system), as a variety of print products and indexes, and in a limited amount in digital form on computer compatible tapes. Three different commercial X-band (3-cm) systems were used to acquire the imagery for producing the mosaics.","largerWorkTitle":"Digest - International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","conferenceTitle":"Digest - 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85). Remote Sensing Instrumentation: Technology for Science and Applications.","conferenceLocation":"Amherst, MA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","usgsCitation":"Kover, A.N., and Jones, J.E., 1985, MAJOR SOURCE OF SIDE-LOOKING AIRBORNE RADAR IMAGERY FOR RESEARCH AND EXPLORATION: THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY., in Digest - International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Amherst, MA, USA, p. 158-159.","startPage":"158","endPage":"159","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4ab0e4b0c8380cd68f70","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Carver Keith R.","contributorId":128396,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Carver Keith R.","id":536245,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Kover, Allan N.","contributorId":90809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kover","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, John Edwin","contributorId":77301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Edwin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}