Annual ground-water use in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area from 1970-79 is presented by aquifer and type of use. The data show that most ground water is withdrawn from wells in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer and that major uses of the water are for self-supplied industry and public supplies. Annual ground-water-use data are presented by county for each of the five major aquifers; Prairie du Chien-Jordan, Mount Simon-Hinckley, Ironton-Galesville, St. Peter, and drift. The data also are presented by county for each major use type, including public supply, self-supplied industry, commercial air-conditioning, irrigation, lake-level maintenance, and dewatering. The data were collected initially by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and were supplemented by data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey.
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1984 - Data report and statistical summary for samples of moraine and stream sediment, nonmagnetic heavy-mineral concentrate, and rock from the Chugach National Forest, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T17:47:52","indexId":"ofr84355","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-355","title":"Data report and statistical summary for samples of moraine and stream sediment, nonmagnetic heavy-mineral concentrate, and rock from the Chugach National Forest, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84355","usgsCitation":"Goldfarb, R., Nelson, S., Dumoulin, J.A., Miller, M.L., Day, G., Hoffmann, J., Tripp, R., Smaglik, S., and Folger, P., 1984, Data report and statistical summary for samples of moraine and stream sediment, nonmagnetic heavy-mineral concentrate, and rock from the Chugach National Forest, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-355, 29, 446 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84355.","productDescription":"29, 446 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":21018,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0355/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21019,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0355/plate-1-preview.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21020,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0355/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21021,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0355/plate-2-preview.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34406,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0355/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0355/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b544","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldfarb, R.J.","contributorId":38143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, S.W.","contributorId":67869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":154205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":154206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Day, Gordon","contributorId":12470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hoffmann, James","contributorId":44142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffmann","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tripp, Richard","contributorId":44914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tripp","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Smaglik, Summer","contributorId":36131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smaglik","given":"Summer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Folger, Peter","contributorId":91482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folger","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":3800,"text":"cir937 - 1984 - Proceedings of the 1980 workshop of the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior on the seismic modeling of laterally varying structures: Contributions based on data from the 1978 Saudi Arabian refraction profile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-22T12:55:05.658142","indexId":"cir937","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"937","title":"Proceedings of the 1980 workshop of the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior on the seismic modeling of laterally varying structures: Contributions based on data from the 1978 Saudi Arabian refraction profile","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir937","usgsCitation":"Mooney, W.D., and Prodehl, C., 1984, Proceedings of the 1980 workshop of the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior on the seismic modeling of laterally varying structures: Contributions based on data from the 1978 Saudi Arabian refraction profile: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 937, iv, 158 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir937.","productDescription":"iv, 158 p.","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":30870,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0937/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":120800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0937/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[42.77933,16.34789],[42.64957,16.77464],[42.34799,17.07581],[42.27089,17.47472],[41.75438,17.83305],[41.22139,18.6716],[40.93934,19.48649],[40.24765,20.17463],[39.80168,20.33886],[39.1394,21.2919],[39.0237,21.98688],[39.06633,22.57966],[38.49277,23.68845],[38.02386,24.07869],[37.48363,24.28549],[37.15482,24.85848],[37.20949,25.08454],[36.93163,25.60296],[36.6396,25.82623],[36.24914,26.57014],[35.64018,27.37652],[35.13019,28.06335],[34.63234,28.05855],[34.78778,28.60743],[34.83222,28.95748],[34.95604,29.35655],[36.06894,29.19749],[36.50121,29.50525],[36.74053,29.86528],[37.50358,30.00378],[37.66812,30.33867],[37.99885,30.5085],[37.00217,31.50841],[39.00489,32.01022],[39.19547,32.16101],[40.39999,31.88999],[41.88998,31.19001],[44.7095,29.17889],[46.56871,29.09903],[47.45982,29.00252],[47.70885,28.52606],[48.41609,28.552],[48.80759,27.68963],[49.29955,27.46122],[49.47091,27.11],[50.15242,26.68966],[50.21294,26.27703],[50.1133,25.94397],[50.23986,25.60805],[50.52739,25.32781],[50.66056,24.9999],[50.81011,24.75474],[51.11242,24.55633],[51.38961,24.62739],[51.57952,24.2455],[51.61771,24.01422],[52.00073,23.00115],[55.0068,22.49695],[55.20834,22.70833],[55.66666,22],[54.99998,19.99999],[52.00001,19],[49.11667,18.61667],[48.18334,18.16667],[47.46669,17.11668],[47,16.95],[46.74999,17.28334],[46.36666,17.23332],[45.4,17.33334],[45.21665,17.43333],[44.06261,17.41036],[43.79152,17.31998],[43.38079,17.57999],[43.1158,17.08844],[43.21838,16.66689],[42.77933,16.34789]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Saudi Arabia\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6605a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":147623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prodehl, Claus","contributorId":81082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prodehl","given":"Claus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2583,"text":"wsp2198 - 1984 - A Galerkin finite-element flow model to predict the transient response of a radially symmetric aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:25","indexId":"wsp2198","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2198","title":"A Galerkin finite-element flow model to predict the transient response of a radially symmetric aquifer","docAbstract":"A computer program developed to evaluate radial flow of ground water, such as at a pumping well, recharge basin, or injection well, is capable of simulating anisotropic, inhomogenous, confined, or pseudo-unconfined (constant saturated thickness) conditions. Results compare well with those calculated from published analytical and model solutions. The program is based on the Galerkin finite-element technique. A sample model run is presented to illustrate the use of the program; supplementary material provides the program listing as well as a sample problem data set and output. From the text and other material presented, one can use the program to predict drawdowns from pumping and ground-water buildups from recharge in a radially symmetric ground-water system.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2198","usgsCitation":"Reilly, T.E., 1984, A Galerkin finite-element flow model to predict the transient response of a radially symmetric aquifer: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2198, iv, 33 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2198.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2198/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28857,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2198/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4956e4b0b290850ef11f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reilly, Thomas E. tereilly@usgs.gov","contributorId":1660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Thomas","email":"tereilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":145439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7056,"text":"ofr84247 - 1984 - Climatic data for Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota, 1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T11:33:30","indexId":"ofr84247","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-247","title":"Climatic data for Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota, 1983","docAbstract":"Research on the hydrology of Williams Lake, north-central Minnesota includes study of evaporation. Presented here are those climatic data needed for energy-budget and mass-transfer studies,including: water-surface temperature, dry-bulb and wet-bulb air temperatures, wind speed, precipitation, and solar radiation. Data are collected at raft and land stations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr84247","usgsCitation":"Sturrock, A., Rosenberry, D., Engelbrecht, L., Gothard, W., and Winter, T.C., 1984, Climatic data for Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota, 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-247, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84247.","productDescription":"41 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0247/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34352,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0247/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Hubbard County","otherGeospatial":"Williams Lake","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de191","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sturrock, A.M.","contributorId":25947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturrock","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":154110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engelbrecht, L.G.","contributorId":53227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engelbrecht","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gothard, W.A.","contributorId":29690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gothard","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":2221,"text":"wsp2197 - 1984 - Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California: Phase 2 — Effects of pumping on water levels and on water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basin","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10186,"text":"ofr82366 - 1982 - Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California; Phase 2-effects of pumping on water levels and water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basins","indexId":"ofr82366","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California; Phase 2-effects of pumping on water levels and water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basins"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2221,"text":"wsp2197 - 1984 - Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California: Phase 2 — Effects of pumping on water levels and on water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basin","indexId":"wsp2197","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California: Phase 2 — Effects of pumping on water levels and on water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basin"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T20:05:24.878393","indexId":"wsp2197","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2197","title":"Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California: Phase 2 — Effects of pumping on water levels and on water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basin","docAbstract":"From July 1978 to January 1980, water levels in the southern part of the Santa Barbara ground-water basin declined more than 100 feet. These water-level declines resulted from increases in municipal pumping since July 1978. The increase in municipal pumping was part of a basin-testing program designed to determine the usable quantity of ground water in storage. The pumping, centered in the city less than 1 mile from the coast, has caused water-level declines to altitudes below sea level in the main water-bearing zones. As a result, the ground-water basin would be subject to saltwater intrusion if the study-period pumpage were maintained or increased. \r\n\r\nData indicate that saltwater intrusion has degraded the quality of the water yielded from six coastal wells. During the study period, the six coastal wells all yielded water with chloride concentrations in excess of 250 milligrams per liter, and four of the wells yielded water with chloride concentrations in excess of 1,000 milligrams per liter. \r\n\r\nPrevious investigators believed that saltwater intrusion was limited to the shallow part of the aquifer, directly adjacent to the coast. The possibility of saltwater intrusion into the deeper water-bearing deposits in the aquifer was thought to be remote because an offshore fault truncates these deeper deposits so that they lie against consolidated rocks on the seaward side of the fault. Results of this study indicate, however, that ocean water has intruded the deeper water-bearing deposits, and to a much greater extent than in the shallow part of the aquifer. Apparently the offshore fault is not an effective barrier to saltwater intrusion. \r\n\r\nNo physical barriers are known to exist between the coast and the municipal well field. Therefore, if the pumping rate maintained during the basin-testing program were continued, the degraded water along the coast could move inland and contaminate the municipal supply wells. The time required for the degraded water to move from the coast to the nearest supply well is estimated, using Darcy's equation, to be about 20 years. \r\n\r\nManagement alternatives for controlling saltwater intrusion in the Santa Barbara area include (1) decreasing municipal pumping, (2) increasing the quantity of water available for recharge by releasing surplus water from surface reservoirs to Mission Creek, (3) artificially recharging the basin using injection wells, and (4) locating municipal supply wells farther from the coast and spacing them farther apart in order to minimize drawdown. Continued monitoring of water levels and water quality would enable assessment of the effectiveness of the control measures employed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2197","usgsCitation":"Martin, P., 1984, Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California: Phase 2 — Effects of pumping on water levels and on water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2197, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2197.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":27970,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2197/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2197/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":393873,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25353.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Santa Barbara","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.82376098632814,\n 34.3955786154917\n ],\n [\n -119.52713012695314,\n 34.3955786154917\n ],\n [\n -119.52713012695314,\n 34.513346401475786\n ],\n [\n -119.82376098632814,\n 34.513346401475786\n ],\n [\n -119.82376098632814,\n 34.3955786154917\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db66078d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":144841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7047,"text":"ofr84423 - 1984 - Chemical analyses of soils and other surficial materials, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:05","indexId":"ofr84423","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-423","title":"Chemical analyses of soils and other surficial materials, Alaska","docAbstract":"Introduction: \r\n\r\n The favorable response to the reports on the geochemistry of unconsolidated surficial materials of the conterminous United States (informally called the '50-mile geochemical survey,' Shacklette and others, 1971a, 1971b, 1973, and 1974) led us, in 1975, to initiate a somewhat similar survey of Alaska. The principal objective of studies of this type is to establish estimates of the abundance of elements in soils and other surficial materials. Such information is useful in the evaluation of geochemical data for (1) mineral resources, (2) environmental appraisals, and (3) the definition of broad-scale geochemical patterns. For about six years this effort progressed slowly on a non-funded, time-available basis. During fiscal years 1982 and 1983, however, some funds were made available through the USGS Energy Lands and Alaska Mineral Surveys programs which allowed for the completion of the field-work phase of the project.\r\n The sampling plan was kept simple because, as with the 50-mile study, the acquisition of samples depended on the voluntary cooperation of field personnel (only about 40 percent of the total number of samples was obtained by the authors).\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84423","usgsCitation":"Gough, L.P., Peard, J.L., Severson, R.C., Shacklette, H., Thompkins, M., Stewart, K.C., and Briggs, P., 1984, Chemical analyses of soils and other surficial materials, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-423, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84423.","productDescription":"79 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":954,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/of84-423/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e49d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gough, L. P.","contributorId":64198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peard, J. L.","contributorId":66674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peard","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Severson, R. C.","contributorId":46498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shacklette, H.T.","contributorId":61813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shacklette","given":"H.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompkins, M.L.","contributorId":12475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompkins","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stewart, K. C.","contributorId":46519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":107691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":2229,"text":"wsp2196C - 1984 - Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10218,"text":"ofr83130 - 1983 - Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida","indexId":"ofr83130","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2229,"text":"wsp2196C - 1984 - Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida","indexId":"wsp2196C","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:19","indexId":"wsp2196C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2196","chapter":"C","title":"Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida","docAbstract":"The Apalachicola River in northwest Florida flows 172 kilometers southward from Jim Woodruff Dam near the Florida-Georgia border to Apalachicola Bay on the Gulf of Mexico. The basin is composed of two 3,100-squarekilometer subbasins, the Chipola and the Apalachicola. The Apalachicola subbasin includes a 454-square-kilometer bottom-land hardwood flood plain that is relatively undeveloped. The flood plain contains more than 1,500 trees per hectare that annually produce approximately 800 metric tons of litter fall per square kilometer. Spring floods of March and April 1980 carried 35,000 metric tons of particulate organic carbon derived from litter fall into Apalachicola Bay. The estuarine food web is predominantly detrital based and represents an important commercial source of oyster, shrimp, blue crab, and various species of fish. \r\n\r\nThe water budget of the Apalachicola basin is heavily dominated by streamflow. For a 1-year period in 1979-80, 28.6 cubic kilometers of water flowed past the Sumatra gage on the lower river. Eighty percent of this volume flowed into the upper river near Chattahoochee, Fla., and 11 percent was contributed by its major tributary, the Chipola River. Contributions from ground water and overland runoff were less than 10 percent. \r\n\r\nStreamflow increases downstream were accompanied by equivalent increases in nitrogen and phosphorus transport. The nutrients were released to the river by the flood-plain vegetation, but also were subject to recycling. The increase in the amount of organic carbon transport downstream was greater than streamflow increases. The flood plain is an important source of organic carbon, especially in detrital form. \r\n\r\nSeveral methods for measurement of detritus in the river and flood plain were developed and tested. The detritus data from the flood plain added semiquantitative evidence for transport of detritus from the flood plain to the river flow, probably accounting for most of the coarse particulate organic material carried by the river. \r\n\r\nDuring the 1-year period of investigation, June 3, 1979, through June 2, 1980, 2.1 ? 10 5 metric tons of organic carbon were transported from the river basin to the bay. Nitrogen and phosphorus transport during the same period amounted to 2.2 ? 10 4 and 1.7 ? 10 3 metric tons, respectively. On an areal basis, it was calculated that the flood plain contributed 70 grams of organic carbon per square meter per year, 0.4 gram of nitrogen per square meter per year, and 0.5 gram of phosphorus per square meter per year. The flood plain acts as a source of detrital carbon, but for the solutes, nutrient release is approximately balanced by nutrient retention.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2196C","usgsCitation":"Mattraw, H., and Elder, J.F., 1984, Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2196, viii, C62 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2196C.","productDescription":"viii, C62 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2196c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27983,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2196c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6967b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattraw, Harold C.","contributorId":81878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattraw","given":"Harold C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elder, John F.","contributorId":23919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":144855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9399,"text":"ofr84808 - 1984 - Hydrologic data; North Canadian River from Lake Overholser to Lake Eufaula, central Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:17","indexId":"ofr84808","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-808","title":"Hydrologic data; North Canadian River from Lake Overholser to Lake Eufaula, central Oklahoma","docAbstract":"The data contained in this report were gathered during the period 1982 to 1984 for use in constructing a digital model of the North Canadian River from Lake Overholser, in the western part of Oklahoma City, to Lake Eufaula, in eastern Oklahoma. Locations of test holes and sampling sites are show in figure 1.\r\nInformation on well depths and water levels in table 1 was gathered in the summer of 1982. Some information in the table was reported by well owners.\r\n\r\nField water-quality data for water temperatures, specific conductance, and pH were measured at the time the wells were inventoried in 1982 and appear in table 2.\r\n\r\nForty-nine test holes were augered to provide more comprehensive lithologic and water-level data along the North Canadian River. Lithologic logs of these test holes appear in table 3. Thirty-eight of the test holes were completed as observations wells by placing perforated plastic casing in the holes. Water levels were measured in these observations wells from the time of completion in mid-1982 through mid-1984. Hydrographs of the observation wells are shown in figures 2 through 15. The data are presented graphically for clarity.\r\n\r\nHydrographs of water-level fluctuations in two wells equipped with continuous water-level recorders and hydrographs of stage fluctuations on the North Canadian River at nearby gaging stations are shown in figures 16 and 17.\r\n\r\nTwo sets of low-flow measurements for the North Canadian River showing gains and losses in flow between measuring sites in the reach from Lake Overholser to Lake Eufaula are given in table 4. Measurements of flow on tributary streams are also given in this table.\r\n\r\nAnalyses of water-quality samples collected at the time of the low-flow measurements are given in table 5.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84808","usgsCitation":"Havens, J., 1984, Hydrologic data; North Canadian River from Lake Overholser to Lake Eufaula, central Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-808, iv,49 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84808.","productDescription":"iv,49 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0808/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37115,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0808/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db60705e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Havens, J.S.","contributorId":12043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havens","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1971,"text":"wsp2252 - 1984 - Use of the routing procedure to study dye and gas transport in the West Fork Trinity River, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:24","indexId":"wsp2252","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2252","title":"Use of the routing procedure to study dye and gas transport in the West Fork Trinity River, Texas","docAbstract":"Rhodamine-WT dye, ethylene, and propane were injected at three sites along a 21.6-kilometer reach of the West Fork Trinity River below Fort Worth, Texas. Complete dye concentration versus time curves and peak gas concentrations were measured at three cross sections below each injection. The peak dye concentrations were located and samples were collected at about three-hour intervals for as many as six additional cross sections. These data were analyzed to determine the longitudinal dispersion coefficients as well as the gas desorption coefficients using both standard techniques and a numerical routing procedure. \r\n\r\nThe routing procedure, using a Lagrangian transport model to minimize numerical dispersion, provided better estimates of the dispersion coefficient than did the method of moments. At a steady flow of about 0.76 m2/s, the dispersion coefficient varied from about 0.7 m2/s in a reach contained within a single deep pool to about 2.0 m2/s in a reach containing riffles and small pools. \r\n\r\nThe bulk desorption coefficients computed using the routing procedure and the standard peak method were essentially the same. The liquid film coefficient could also be obtained using the routing procedure. Both the bulk desorption coefficient and the liquid film coefficient were much smaller in the pooled reach than in the reaches containing riffles.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2252","usgsCitation":"Jobson, H.E., and Rathbun, R.E., 1984, Use of the routing procedure to study dye and gas transport in the West Fork Trinity River, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2252, iv, 21 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2252.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2252/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27347,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2252/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa28e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jobson, Harvey E.","contributorId":27032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rathbun, R. E.","contributorId":61796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7958,"text":"ofr84599 - 1984 - Hydrologic and climatologic data for the Lehigh area, southeastern Oklahoma, May 1977 to January 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-30T19:58:02.293129","indexId":"ofr84599","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-599","title":"Hydrologic and climatologic data for the Lehigh area, southeastern Oklahoma, May 1977 to January 1982","docAbstract":"Hydrologic and climatologic data were collected in the Lehigh area in southeastern Oklahoma during an investigation of the hydrologic effects of coal strip-mining. The purpose of the study was to assess the probable effects of surface mining for coal and subsequent reclamation on the hydrologic characteristics of the basin. This report presents all the data collected between 1977 and 1982.\r\nThe data include: (1) greater than four years of daily and selected unit streamflow, daily suspended-sediment discharge, analyses of periodic samples for chemical quality, and daily temperature, pH, specific conductance, and dissolved oxygen at the Coal Creek near Lehigh gaging stations; (2) partial record discharge data and analyses of periodic samples for chemical quality and sediment for two tributaries of Coal Creek; (3) climatologic data for four sites; (4) soil moisture at 13 measurements sites; (5) continuous record of the water level in one well; (6) periodic record of water level in a second well; (7) water-level records for 43 wells and springs including on-site measurement of physical parameters; and (8) complete chemical analyses of water samples from eleven wells and one spring.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84599","usgsCitation":"Blumer, S.P., and Scott, J.C., 1984, Hydrologic and climatologic data for the Lehigh area, southeastern Oklahoma, May 1977 to January 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-599, v, 213 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84599.","productDescription":"v, 213 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":35529,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0599/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392256,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75738.htm"},{"id":139963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0599/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Lehigh area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.3083,\n 34.4167\n ],\n [\n -96.2083,\n 34.4167\n ],\n [\n -96.2083,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -96.3083,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -96.3083,\n 34.4167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627902","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blumer, S. P.","contributorId":23938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blumer","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, J. C.","contributorId":75901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9365,"text":"ofr84821 - 1984 - Water-quality data for aquifers in east-central New Jersey, 1981-82","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:00","indexId":"ofr84821","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-821","title":"Water-quality data for aquifers in east-central New Jersey, 1981-82","docAbstract":"Data are presented in tables for 238 wells representing nine aquifers underlying the New Jersey Coastal Plain. Approximately two-thirds of these wells are screened in the unconfined Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system, the principal source of groundwater in the study area. In addition, seven local streams were sampled in their headwaters under base flow conditions. Field measurements include water temperature, specific conductance, pH, and alkalinity; laboratory determinations include common inorganic ions, nutrients, trace metals, dissolved organic carbon, and volatile organic compounds. Other tables include lithology and hydrologic characteristics of geologic units, well-construction data, and median and extreme values of constituents in water of the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system. A plate shows all sampling sites and presents three hydrogeologic sections delineating subsurface relationships. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84821","usgsCitation":"Harriman, D., and Voronin, L., 1984, Water-quality data for aquifers in east-central New Jersey, 1981-82: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-821, iv, 43 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84821.","productDescription":"iv, 43 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0821/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37075,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0821/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37076,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0821/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b7e4b07f02db5cc552","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harriman, D.A.","contributorId":27860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harriman","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voronin, L. M.","contributorId":93486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voronin","given":"L. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4031,"text":"cir930A - 1984 - International Strategic Minerals Inventory summary report; manganese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:21","indexId":"cir930A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"930","chapter":"A","title":"International Strategic Minerals Inventory summary report; manganese","docAbstract":"Major world resources of manganese, a strategic mineral commodity, are described in this summary report of information in the International Strategic Minerals Inventory {ISMI). ISMI is a cooperative data-collection effort of earth-science and mineral-resource agencies in Australia, Canada, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of South Africa, and the United States of America. This report, designed to be of benefit to policy analysts, contains two parts. Part I presents an overview of the resources and potential supply of manganese on the basis of inventory information. Part II contains tables of some of the geologic information and mineral-resource and production data that were collected by ISMI participants.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir930A","usgsCitation":"DeYoung, Sutphin, D., and Cannon, W.F., 1984, International Strategic Minerals Inventory summary report; manganese: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 930, v, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930A.","productDescription":"v, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0930a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31123,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0930a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0860","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeYoung, Jr. 0000-0003-1169-6026 jdeyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-6026","contributorId":523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeYoung","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jdeyoung@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":148031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutphin, David M.","contributorId":53769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutphin","given":"David M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118 wcannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":1883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"wcannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":148032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":7007,"text":"ofr84570 - 1984 - Analytical results, mineralogical data, and sample locality map of stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate, and rock samples from the Bull Mountain and Blue Hills-Mount Ellen Wilderness Study Areas (UT-050-238,242), Wayne and Garfield Counties, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-26T14:45:22.153123","indexId":"ofr84570","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-570","title":"Analytical results, mineralogical data, and sample locality map of stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate, and rock samples from the Bull Mountain and Blue Hills-Mount Ellen Wilderness Study Areas (UT-050-238,242), Wayne and Garfield Counties, Utah","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84570","usgsCitation":"Detra, D., Erickson, M.S., Kemp, W.M., and Wilson, W., 1984, Analytical results, mineralogical data, and sample locality map of stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate, and rock samples from the Bull Mountain and Blue Hills-Mount Ellen Wilderness Study Areas (UT-050-238,242), Wayne and Garfield Counties, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-570, Report: 29 p.; 1 Plate: 37.19 × 33.65 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84570.","productDescription":"Report: 29 p.; 1 Plate: 37.19 × 33.65 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392101,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13458.htm"},{"id":139710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0570/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34301,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0570/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34302,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0570/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Garfield County, Wayne County","otherGeospatial":"Bull Mountain and Blue Hills - Mount Ellen Wilderness Study Areas (UT-050-238, 242)","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.013,\n 38.05\n ],\n [\n -110.6,\n 38.05\n ],\n [\n -110.6,\n 38.367\n ],\n [\n -111.013,\n 38.367\n ],\n [\n -111.013,\n 38.05\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c3fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Detra, D.E.","contributorId":72358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detra","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erickson, M. S.","contributorId":35302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kemp, W. M. III","contributorId":78732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemp","given":"W.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, W. R.","contributorId":56639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"W. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":7960,"text":"ofr84747 - 1984 - Use and availability of continuous streamflow records in Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:50","indexId":"ofr84747","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-747","title":"Use and availability of continuous streamflow records in Oklahoma","docAbstract":"This report documents the results of the data uses and funding portion of a study of the cost-effectiveness of the streamflow information program in Oklahoma. Presently, 123 continuous surface-water stations are operated in Oklahoma on a budget of $617,120. Data uses and funding sources are identified for each of the 123 stations. Data from most stations have multiple uses.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84747","usgsCitation":"Blumer, S.P., and Hauth, L., 1984, Use and availability of continuous streamflow records in Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-747, iv, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84747.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0747/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35532,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0747/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dae4b07f02db5e049d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blumer, S. P.","contributorId":23938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blumer","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hauth, L.D.","contributorId":48551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauth","given":"L.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4085,"text":"cir888 - 1984 - Phosphate rock resources of the United States","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":8240,"text":"ofr81789 - 1981 - A summary of phosphate-rock resources of the United States-an analysis of past estimates","indexId":"ofr81789","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"A summary of phosphate-rock resources of the United States-an analysis of past estimates"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":4085,"text":"cir888 - 1984 - Phosphate rock resources of the United States","indexId":"cir888","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Phosphate rock resources of the United States"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:33","indexId":"cir888","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"888","title":"Phosphate rock resources of the United States","docAbstract":"In 1980, the United States produced about 54 million tons of phosphate rock, or about 40 percent of the world's production, of which a substantial amount was exported, both as phosphate rock and as chemical fertilizer. During the last decade, predictions have been made that easily ruinable, low-cost reserves of phosphate rock would be exhausted, and that by the end of this century, instead of being a major exporter of phosphate rock, the United States might become a net importer. Most analysts today, however, think that exports will indeed decline in the next one or two decades, but that resources of phosphate are sufficient to supply domestic needs for a long time into the future. \r\n\r\nWhat will happen in the future depends on the actual availability of low-cost phosphate rock reserves in the United States and in the world. A realistic understanding of future phosphate rock reserves is dependent on an accurate assessment, now, of national phosphate rock resources. Many different estimates of resources exist; none of them alike. The detailed analysis of past resource estimates presented in this report indicates that the estimates differ more in what is being estimated than in how much is thought to exist. \r\n\r\nThe phosphate rock resource classification used herein is based on the two fundamental aspects of a mineral resource(l) the degree of certainty of existence and (2) the feasibility of economic recovery. The comparison of past estimates (including all available company data), combined with the writers' personal knowledge, indicates that 17 billion metric tons of identified, recoverable phosphate rock exist in the United States, of which about 7 billion metric tons are thought to be economic or marginally economic. The remaining 10 billion metric tons, mostly in the Northwestern phosphate district of Idaho, are considered to be subeconomic, ruinable when some increase in the price of phosphate occurs. \r\n\r\nMore than 16 billion metric tons probably exist in the southeastern Coastal Plain phosphate province, principally in Florida and North Carolina and offshore in the shallow Atlantic Ocean from North Carolina to southern Florida. This resource is considered to be hypothetical because it is based on geologic inference combined with sparse drilling data. Total resources of phosphate rock in the United States are sufficient to supply domestic demands for the foreseeable future, provided that drilling is done to confirm hypothetical resources and the chemistry of the deposits is determined. Mining and beneficiation techniques will have to be modified or improved, and new techniques will have to be developed so that these deposits can be profitably exploited.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir888","usgsCitation":"Cathcart, J.B., Sheldon, R.P., and Gulbrandsen, R.A., 1984, Phosphate rock resources of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 888, iv, 48 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir888.","productDescription":"iv, 48 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124532,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0888/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31183,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0888/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6d23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cathcart, James Bachelder","contributorId":19540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathcart","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Bachelder","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheldon, Richard Porter","contributorId":59018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheldon","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"Porter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gulbrandsen, Robert A.","contributorId":83083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gulbrandsen","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9315,"text":"ofr84652 - 1984 - Microprobe analyses of hornblendes from 5 calc-alkalic intrusive complexes, with data tables for other calcic amphiboles and BASIC computer programs for data manipulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T09:17:59","indexId":"ofr84652","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-652","title":"Microprobe analyses of hornblendes from 5 calc-alkalic intrusive complexes, with data tables for other calcic amphiboles and BASIC computer programs for data manipulation","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84652","usgsCitation":"Hammarstrom, J., 1984, Microprobe analyses of hornblendes from 5 calc-alkalic intrusive complexes, with data tables for other calcic amphiboles and BASIC computer programs for data manipulation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-652, 98 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84652.","productDescription":"98 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":142323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0652/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37035,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0652/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62e54d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hammarstrom, Jane","contributorId":55436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"Jane","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":6975,"text":"ofr84479 - 1984 - Analyses of rock samples from the Circle Quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:42","indexId":"ofr84479","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-479","title":"Analyses of rock samples from the Circle Quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"Suspendedsediment and reservoir sedimentation data have been analyzed to\r\ndetermine sediment yields and transport characteristics of Tennessee streams Data from\r\n31 reservoirs plus suspendedsediment data from TVA sampling efforts in the 1930?s and\r\n1960?s, and U.S. Geological Survey efforts from 1975-82 have been used.\r\nResults of the analyses show that the measured suspended-sediment is mostly silt\r\nand clay-size material even in the sand bed channels of western Tennessee. Samples of\r\nsuspended sediment rarely exceed 25 percent sand. Computed unmeasured load is less\r\nthan 10 percent of the total sediment load in western Tennessee. Unmeasured load has\r\nnot been computed for middle and eastern Tennessee streams because the bed material is\r\ngenerally coarse and quite variable. However, unmeasured load in these streams is\r\nbelieved to be less than 5 percent of total load. Transport curves show that when flow is\r\nless than about 1 cubic foot per second per square mile, western Tennessee streams have\r\nhigher concentrations than middle or eastern streams. When flow exceeds about 10 cubic\r\nfeet per second per square mile, however, concentrations in middle and eastern streams\r\ncan equal or exceed those in western streams. The more efficient sediment-delivery\r\nprocesses operating in middle and eastern Tennessee basins are responsible for the rapid\r\nincreases in suspended sediment concentrations with increasing flow.\r\nSediment yields for middle and eastern Tennessee basins generally are less than 800\r\ntons per square mile per year, however, heavily strip-mined basins can have yields from\r\n1,000 to 3,000 tons per square mile per year. Yields for the heavily agricultural and\r\nchannelized basins of western Tennessee generally range from 700 to 1,000 tons per\r\nsquare mile per year.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84479","usgsCitation":"Foster, H., O’Leary, R.M., McDougal, C.M., and Menzie, W., 1984, Analyses of rock samples from the Circle Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-479, 116, 126 p. . :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84479.","productDescription":"116, 126 p. . :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":761,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr84-749","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":139680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0479/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34251,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0479/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34252,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0479/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672d1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, H.L.","contributorId":34894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Leary, R. M.","contributorId":44894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Leary","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDougal, C. M.","contributorId":21129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougal","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Menzie, W. D.","contributorId":52916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":4159,"text":"cir904A - 1984 - Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7850,"text":"ofr83759 - 1983 - Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines","indexId":"ofr83759","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":4159,"text":"cir904A - 1984 - Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines","indexId":"cir904A","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T12:09:06","indexId":"cir904A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"904","chapter":"A","title":"Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey's program for geologic and hydrologic evaluation of physiographic provinces to identify areas potentially suitable for locating repository sites for disposal of high-level nuclear wastes was announced to the Governors of the eight States in the Basin and Range Province on May 5, 1981. Representatives of Arizona, California, Idaho, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Texas, and Utah, were invited to cooperate with the Federal Government in the evaluation process. Each Governor was requested to nominate an Earth scientist to represent the State in a province working group composed of State and U.S. Geological Survey representatives. This report, Part I of a three-part report, provides the background, introduction and scope of the study. This part also includes a discussion of geologic and hydrologic guidelines that will be used in the evaluation process and illustrates geohydrologic environments and the effect of individual factors in providing multiple natural barriers to radionuclide migration.
Part II is a reconnaissance characterization of the geologic and hydrologic factors to be used in the initial screening of the Basin and Range Province. Part III will be the initial evaluation of the Province and will identify regions that appear suitable for further study.
The plan for study of the Province includes a stepwise screening process by which successively smaller land units are considered in increasing detail. Each step involves characterization of the geology and hydrology and selection of subunits for more intensive characterization. Selection of subunits for further study is by evaluation of geologic and hydrologic conditions following a set of guidelines. By representation on the Province Working Group, the States participate in a consultation and review role in: (1) Establishing geologic and hydrologic guidelines, and (2) characterizing and evaluating the Province. The States also participate in compilation of geologic and hydrologic data used in characterizing the Province.
The current (1983) needs for a high-level radioactive waste repository include: (1) Disposal in a mined repository; (2) retrievability of the waste for as much as 50 years; and (3) confidence of isolation of the waste from the accessible environment. Isolation of the waste needs to be assured using geologic and hydrologic conditions that: (1) Minimize risk of inadvertent future intrusions by man; (2) minimize the possibility of disturbance by processes that would expose the waste or increase its mobility; and (3) provide a system of natural barriers to the migration of waste by ground water. The guidelines adopted by the Province Working Group are designed to provide a standard with which these conditions can be compared.
The guidelines can be grouped into four principal categories: (1) Potential host media, (2) ground-water conditions, (3) tectonic conditions, and. (4) occurrence of natural resources. Ideally the host medium constitutes the first natural barrier to migration of radionculides. The host medium ideally should be a rock type that prevents or retards dissolution and transport of radionuclides. Rocks in both the saturated and unsaturated zones may have desirable characteristics for host media. Rocks-other than the host-in the ground-water flow path from the repository ideally should be major barriers to radionuclide migration. Confining beds of low permeability might be present to retard the rate of flow between more permeable beds. Additionally, sorption of radionuclides by materials such as clays and zeolites in the flow path can further retard the flow of radionuclides by several orders of magnitude. Tectonic conditions in an area should not present a probable cause for exhumation or increased mobility of radioactive waste. Natural resources are a factor for consideration because of the problem of future human intrusion and exposure to radioactivity in the quest for minerals, oil, gas, water, and geothermal resources.
The ultimate evaluation of the suitability of a geohydrologic environment for developing a mined repository needs to assess all geologic and hydrologic characteristics and their interaction in providing confidence that a geohydrologic environment will effectively isolate radionuclides from human access. Several hypothetical settings with typical geohydrologic conditions in the Basin and Range Province are used to illustrate the effect of multiple barriers in the isolation of radionuclides.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/cir904A","usgsCitation":"Bedinger, M.S., Sargent, K., and Reed, J., 1984, Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 904, viii, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir904A.","productDescription":"viii, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335932,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/cir904B","text":"Circular 904-B","linkHelpText":"Part II, Geologic and hydrologic characterization"},{"id":335933,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/cir904C","text":"Circular 904-C","linkHelpText":"Part III, Geologic and hydrologic evaluation"},{"id":121301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0904a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31269,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0904a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Basin and Range Province","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.6640625,\n 32.65787573695528\n ],\n [\n -114.6533203125,\n 32.80574473290688\n ],\n [\n -114.6533203125,\n 32.509761735919426\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -108.5009765625,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -108.28125,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -106.3916015625,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -104.8974609375,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -104.6337890625,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -104.5458984375,\n 30.183121842195515\n ],\n [\n -103.3154296875,\n 29.11377539511439\n ],\n [\n -102.7880859375,\n 29.99300228455108\n ],\n [\n -105.9521484375,\n 34.52466147177172\n ],\n [\n -106.8310546875,\n 34.95799531086792\n ],\n [\n -107.6220703125,\n 34.88593094075317\n ],\n [\n -108.544921875,\n 33.76088200086917\n ],\n [\n -111.57714843749999,\n 34.88593094075317\n ],\n [\n -113.0712890625,\n 35.7286770448517\n ],\n [\n -114.01611328125,\n 35.96022296929667\n ],\n [\n -111.33544921874999,\n 40.763901280945866\n ],\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 42.69858589169842\n ],\n [\n -112.67578124999999,\n 43.16512263158296\n ],\n [\n -116.76269531249999,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -118.30078125,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -119.50927734374999,\n 43.61221676817573\n ],\n [\n -120.62988281249999,\n 43.5326204268101\n ],\n [\n -121.1572265625,\n 43.26120612479979\n ],\n [\n -121.75048828124999,\n 42.53689200787315\n ],\n [\n -121.83837890625,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -121.728515625,\n 41.27780646738183\n ],\n [\n -120.36621093749999,\n 40.83043687764923\n ],\n [\n -120.30029296875,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -120.30029296875,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -116.93847656250001,\n 36.29741818650811\n ],\n [\n -118.19091796875,\n 35.02999636902566\n ],\n [\n -116.08154296875001,\n 34.27083595165\n ],\n [\n -115.6640625,\n 32.65787573695528\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"This is Part I of a series of reports being prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in consultation with States in the Basin and Range Province.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a824a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedinger, M. 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The report presents velocity-profile data that were collected for 11 streamflow-gaging stations in Colorado using both a standard Price type AA current meter and a prototype Price Model PAA current meter. Computational results are compiled that will enable mean velocities calculated from measurements by the two current meters to be compared with each other and with existing methods for determining mean velocity. Water-surface slope, bed-material size, and flow-characteristic data for the 11 sites studied also are presented. 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Traveltime of peak concentration and of the leading edge of the cloud are related to discharge at the downstream end of the reach, distance of travel, and the fraction of the time that discharge at a given location on the stream is equaled or exceeded. Peak concentration and passage time are best estimated from the relation of each to traveltime. In measured streams, dispersion efficiency is greater than that predicted by Fickian diffusion theory. The rate of decrease in peak concentration with traveltime is about equal to the rate of increase in passage time. Average velocity in a stream reach, given by the velocity of the center of solute mass in that reach, also can be estimated from an equation developed from measured values. 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