{"pageNumber":"1581","pageRowStart":"39500","pageSize":"25","recordCount":41062,"records":[{"id":5221396,"text":"5221396 - 1977 - An automated glass capillary gas chromatographic system for routine quantitative analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-28T16:30:10.124075","indexId":"5221396","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2212,"text":"Journal of Chromatographic Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An automated glass capillary gas chromatographic system for routine quantitative analysis","docAbstract":"<p><span>A steel capillary gas chromatographic system, based on the Hewlett-Packard (HP) Model 5711A gas chromatograph and HP model 3354A laboratory data system, was converted to an automated glass capillary system suitable for routine quantitative analysis of trace levels of hydrocarbons. Two instrument modifications, which were required for a fully automated system, are described. The system was tested with two different column installation methods. The HP recommended method of column installation showed much less discrimination against high molecular weight compounds than did a simpler column installation technique that introduced excessive dead volume (unswept by the carrier gas) into the HP Model 18740A glass capillary inlet system. Discrimination against high molecular weight compounds was shown to adversely affect their quantification. Data on the accuracy and precision of quantitative analyses of 18 hydrocarbons covering a wide range of boiling points and polarities are presented for both column installation techniques. Retention time reproducibiiity data for the same 18 compounds are also included.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/chromsci/15.11.532","usgsCitation":"Lawler, G., Loong, W., Fiorito, B., and Laseter, J., 1977, An automated glass capillary gas chromatographic system for routine quantitative analysis: Journal of Chromatographic Science, v. 15, p. 532-536, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/15.11.532.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"532","endPage":"536","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198595,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684c6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawler, G.C.","contributorId":22064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawler","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loong, W.-A.","contributorId":101351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loong","given":"W.-A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fiorito, B.J.","contributorId":29099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fiorito","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laseter, J.L.","contributorId":32638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laseter","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223633,"text":"5223633 - 1977 - Chromosomal variation in Vampyressa and a review of chromosomal evolution in the Phyllostomidae (Chiroptera)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-13T15:40:17.473095","indexId":"5223633","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:22","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3510,"text":"Systematic Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chromosomal variation in Vampyressa and a review of chromosomal evolution in the Phyllostomidae (Chiroptera)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Comparisons of the karyotypes of the species of Vampyressa suggest two modes of chromosomal rearrangements in the derivation of the Vampyressa karyotypes: pericentric inversions in&nbsp;</span><i>V. brocki, V. nymphaea,</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>V. bidens;</i><span>&nbsp;and translocations (fusions) in&nbsp;</span><i>V. melissa</i><span>&nbsp;and the variants of&nbsp;</span><i>V. pusilla.</i><span>&nbsp;This&nbsp;</span><i>Vampyressa</i><span>&nbsp;phylogenetic model was used to evaluate the possible derivations of the chromosomal patterns of the 97 species of phyllostomid bats whose karyotypes are known. Sufficient variation to indicate probable evolutionary patterns, in addition to that outlined for&nbsp;</span><i>Vampyressa,</i><span>&nbsp;was found at the species level for&nbsp;</span><i>Micronycteris</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>Tonatia,</i><span>&nbsp;and at the generic level for the Glossophaginae, Carolliinae, and Stenoderminae. The analysis supports the points of view presented herein that (1) the common (often considered the ancestral) 2</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 32, FN = 60 configuration was independently acquired by three or more evolutionary lineages and, therefore, must be considered to be derived; (2) the primitive phyllostomid karyotype had a high diploid number (near 40, but possibly as high as 46) and a low fundamental number (near minimum); (3) there was a general trend toward reduction in diploid numbers concomitant with maximization of fundamental numbers; and (4) totally biarmed autosomal configurations, which characterize the majority of the Phyllostomidae, are comparatively more stable than those karyotypes in which half or more of the autosomes are uniarmed. Fourteen karyotypes are reported here for the first time, including that of Vampyressa melissa, which has the lowest diploid number known in the Chiroptera (2</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 14).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/26.3.300","usgsCitation":"Gardner, A., 1977, Chromosomal variation in Vampyressa and a review of chromosomal evolution in the Phyllostomidae (Chiroptera): Systematic Biology, v. 26, no. 3, p. 300-318, https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/26.3.300.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"318","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503824,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zotero.org/groups/5435545/items/JANHDNAC","text":"External Repository"},{"id":200157,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dde4b07f02db5e2272","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, Alfred L. 0000-0002-4945-1641 agardner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4945-1641","contributorId":412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Alfred L.","email":"agardner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":339107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221407,"text":"5221407 - 1977 - Experimental feeding of DDE and PCB to female big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T15:33:54","indexId":"5221407","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2480,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental feeding of DDE and PCB to female big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus)","docAbstract":"Twenty-two female big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) were collected in a house attic in Montgomery County, Maryland. Seventeen were fed mealworms (Tenebrio molitor larvae) that contained 166 ppm DDE; the other five were fed uncontaminated mealworms. After 54 days of feeding, six dosed bats were frozen and the remaining 16 were starved to death. In a second experiment, 21 female big brown bats were collected in a house attic in Prince Georges County, Maryland. Sixteen were fed mealworms that contained 9.4 ppm Aroclor 1254 (PCB). After 37 days, two bats had died, four dosed bats were frozen, and the remaining 15 were starved to death. Starvation caused mobilization of stored residues. After the feeding periods, average weights of all four groups (DDE-dosed, DDE control, PCB-dosed, PCB control) had increased. However, weights of DDE-dosed bats had increased significantly more than those of their contols, whereas weights of PCB-dosed bats had increased significantly less than those of their controls. During starvation, PCB-dosed bats lost weight significantly more slowly than controls. Because PCB levels in dosed bats resembled levels found in some free-living big brown bats, PCBs may be slowing metabolic rates of some free-living bats. It is not known how various common organochlorine residues may affect metabolism in hibernating bats. DDE and PCB increased in brains of starving bats as carcass fat was metabolized. Because the tremors and/or convulsions characteristic of neurotoxicity were not observed, we think even the maximum brain levels attained (132 ppm DDE, 20 ppm PCB) were sublethal. However, extrapolation of our DDE data predicted lethal brain levels when fat reserves declined sufficiently. PCB-dosed bats were probably in no danger of neurotoxic poisoning. However, PCB can kill by a nonneurotoxic mode, and this could explain the deaths of two bats on PCB dosage.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/15287397709529491","usgsCitation":"Clark, D.R., and Prouty, R.M., 1977, Experimental feeding of DDE and PCB to female big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus): Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, v. 2, no. 4, p. 917-928, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287397709529491.","productDescription":"917-928","startPage":"917","endPage":"928","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269462,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287397709529491"},{"id":198761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cbe4b07f02db5d8271","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, D. R. Jr.","contributorId":40928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"D.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prouty, R. M.","contributorId":31349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70164409,"text":"70164409 - 1977 - Comparison of granitic intrusions in the Pelona and Orocopia Schists, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-03T12:57:50","indexId":"70164409","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of granitic intrusions in the Pelona and Orocopia Schists, southern California","docAbstract":"<p>Dating of some small plutons in the San Gabriel and Chocolate Mountains, southern California, yields Miocene K-Ar ages. A single granodiorite pluton that has been segmented by branches of the San Jacinto fault intrudes the Pelona Schist and yields ages of 14.0 to 18.6 million years. Several quartz monzonite plutons in the Chocolate Mountains, 235 kilometers to the southeast and on the opposite side of the San Andreas fault, yield ages ranging from 20.0 to 23.4 m.y. At least one pluton in the Chocolate Mountains intrudes the Orocopia Schist, a probable equivalent of the Pelona Schist. Chemical, modal, textural, mineralogical, and apparent K-Ar age differences suggest that the two groups of plutons are not offset parts of a single body, but the differences do not preclude the two groups from being related in a general way.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Miller, F.K., and Morton, D.M., 1977, Comparison of granitic intrusions in the Pelona and Orocopia Schists, southern California: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 5, no. 5, p. 643-649.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"643","endPage":"649","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":316529,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":316528,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1977/vol5issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Chocolate Mountains, San Gabriel Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119,\n              32.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -119,\n              35.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              35.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              32.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -119,\n              32.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b332eae4b0cc79997f330b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Fred K.","contributorId":89503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton, Douglas M. scamp@usgs.gov","contributorId":4102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Douglas","email":"scamp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":597173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70162809,"text":"70162809 - 1977 - Simulation of flow from an aquifer to a partially penetrating trench","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T14:32:14","indexId":"70162809","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T04:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of flow from an aquifer to a partially penetrating trench","docAbstract":"<p>Construction of the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway in northeast Mississippi will involve dewatering as much as 46 m of an unconfined aquifer near the Tennessee Valley divide. Dewatering by trenching is one of the proposed methods. Methods of calculating effects of dewatering by trenching have been heretofore limited to situations where ideal conditions such as isotropic aquifers and fully penetrating trenches occur. In order to study the effects of trenching on the water table in the more complicated hydrologic system in northeast Mississippi, a two-dimensional cross-sectional digital model was developed from an existing two-dimensional digital model. To make the solutions obtained from the model applicable to any aquifer thickness or other hydrologic condition, a technique for nondimensional simulation was developed. With these techniques, nondimensional water-surface profiles were generated for given stages of trench penetration of the aquifer and for different ratios of anisotropy.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Nashville District","usgsCitation":"Leake, S.A., 1977, Simulation of flow from an aquifer to a partially penetrating trench: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 5, no. 5, p. 535-540.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"535","endPage":"540","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":315173,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":315143,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1977/vol5issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico, Tennessee River valley, Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89,\n              35\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.0057373046875,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.3355712890625,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.11035156249999,\n              35\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.143310546875,\n              35\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.187255859375,\n              35\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              35\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ac9b7be4b0403299f53b23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leake, Stanley A. 0000-0003-3568-2542 saleake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2542","contributorId":1846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley","email":"saleake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":590618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70163094,"text":"70163094 - 1977 - A combustimetric method for determining the total carbon content of geologic materials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T16:16:00","indexId":"70163094","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T04:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A combustimetric method for determining the total carbon content of geologic materials","docAbstract":"<p>A modified LEGO WR-12 carbon determinator is used in a combustimetric determination of total carbon in geologic materials. A thermal conductivity cell is used as the sensing device. International reference samples are analyzed and compared to results previously published. Three new standards from the Canadian Certified Reference Materials Project were received and analyzed for the total carbon content.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Tillman, J., 1977, A combustimetric method for determining the total carbon content of geologic materials: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 5, no. 5, p. 583-587.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"587","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":315401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":315400,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1977/vol5issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ac9b40e4b0403299f5398f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillman, J.","contributorId":61567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":591919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70163071,"text":"70163071 - 1977 - Chemical structure of humic acids - Part 1, a generalized structural model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T15:47:52","indexId":"70163071","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical structure of humic acids - Part 1, a generalized structural model","docAbstract":"<p>A new model is proposed for the structure of humic acids. In this model humic acid is pictured as being made up of a hierarchy of structural elements. At the lowest level in this hierarchy are simple phenolic, quinoid, and benzene carboxylic acid groups. These groups are bonded covalently into small particles. Particles of similar chemical structure are linked together by weak bonds to form \"homogeneous\" aggregates. Two or more different types of aggregates may be linked together to form mixed aggregates. Complexes of humic acid and clay minerals are also formed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Wershaw, R., Pinckney, D., and Booker, S., 1977, Chemical structure of humic acids - Part 1, a generalized structural model: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 5, no. 5, p. 565-569.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"565","endPage":"569","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":315335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":315334,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1977/vol5issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ac9b48e4b0403299f539cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wershaw, R.L.","contributorId":62223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wershaw","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":591617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pinckney, D.J.","contributorId":23175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinckney","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":591618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Booker, S.E.","contributorId":147022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booker","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":591619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009768,"text":"70009768 - 1977 - The organic geochemistry of black sedimentary barite: Significance and implications of trapped fatty acids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-27T15:01:27.608064","indexId":"70009768","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The organic geochemistry of black sedimentary barite: Significance and implications of trapped fatty acids","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fatty acids isolated in sedimentary black barite (BaSO</span><sub>4</sub><span>) from Arkansas and Nevada were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The dominant or major fatty acids found in these beds of barite are C</span><sub>16:0</sub><span>, C</span><sub>18:0</sub><span>, and C</span><sub>18:1</sub><span>. The occurrence and distribution of these acids in this type of rock may serve as “molecular fingerprints” of microbial biogeochemical processes. The organic matter and associated microorganisms are shown to be trapped within the finely crystalline barite, thus forming a closed system for microbial diagenesis.</span></p><p><span>Important differences that occur in the distribution of the lesser or minor fatty acids probably result from: (1) the nature of the progenitor organic detritus in the environment of barite deposition: and (2) the subsequent degree of microbiological alteration of the parent organic debris swept into and trapped in the depositional environment.</span></p><p><span>Three general models of sedimentary environments are proposed in which anoxic conditions may prevail and where barium sulfate (BaSO<sub>4</sub>) may precipitate: (1) in a silled basin with semi-restricted circulation; (2) on an outer continental shelf where the slope is encroached upon by water of the oxygen minimum layer; (3) on a low-energy, inner shelf or semi-restricted embayment impinged by a wedge of anoxic water.</span></p><p><span>The major geochemical and geological parameters which are believed to be the significant factors controlling the formation and high grade of these organic-rich, black bedded barites are: (1) a unique source of barium-rich fluid that only contains trace amounts of other elements; (2) the presence of an anoxic bottom environment within the depositional basin; (3) a reflux source of sulfate ion; (4) an adequate source of organic matter.</span></p><div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">The results of this study may serve as guidelines for future exploration in similar, untested sedimentary basins, especially those with rocks of middle Paleozoic age.</div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0146-6380(77)90005-5","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Miller, R., Brobst, D., and Beck, P., 1977, The organic geochemistry of black sedimentary barite: Significance and implications of trapped fatty acids: Organic Geochemistry, v. 1, no. 1, p. 11-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(77)90005-5.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219412,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.946525779522,\n              41.92392900799504\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.92494448500184,\n              38.77192128412841\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.106312449549,\n              35.359933458391424\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.21975936314331,\n              36.72903470007516\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.683700902708,\n              36.0924388118047\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.26257105648864,\n              33.30922133246423\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0329225003004,\n              32.66552137017362\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.76799531929962,\n              36.750895386489105\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.60074110741138,\n              36.67462457056329\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.78497930050084,\n              41.97629815017764\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.946525779522,\n              41.92392900799504\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae5de4b08c986b324040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, R.E.","contributorId":86754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brobst, D.A.","contributorId":103688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brobst","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beck, P.C.","contributorId":36285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009875,"text":"70009875 - 1977 - Search for seismic forerunners to earthquakes in central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-29T16:38:00.182755","indexId":"70009875","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Search for seismic forerunners to earthquakes in central California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The relatively high seismicity of the San Andreas fault zone in central California provides an excellent opportunity to search for seismic forerunners to moderate earthquakes. Analysis of seismic traveltime and earthquake location data has resulted in the identification of two possible seismic forerunners. The first is a period of apparently late (0.3 sec) P-wave arrival times lasting several weeks preceding one earthquake of magnitude 5.0. The rays for these travel paths passed through — or very close to — the aftershock volume of the subsequent earthquake. The sources for these P-arrival time data were earthquakes in the distance range 20–70 km. Uncertainties in the influence of small changes in the hypocenters of the source earthquakes and in the identification of small P-arrivals raise the possibility that the apparantly delayed arrivals are not the result of a decrease in P-velocity. The second possible precursor is an apparent increase in the average depth of earthquakes preceding two moderate earthquakes. This change might be only apparent, caused by a location bias introduced by a decrease in P-wave velocity, but numerical modeling for realistic possible changes in velocity suggests that the observed effect is more likely a true migration of earthquakes. To carry out this work — involving the manipulation of several thousand earthquake hypocenters and several hundred thousand readings of arrival time — a system of data storage was designed and manipulation programs for a large digital computer have been executed. This system allows, for example, the automatic selection of earthquakes from a specific region, the extraction of all the observed arrival times for these events, and their relocation under a chosen set of assumptions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(77)90163-9","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Wesson, R.L., Robinson, R., Bufe, C., Ellsworth, W., Pfluke, J., Steppe, J., and Seekins, L.C., 1977, Search for seismic forerunners to earthquakes in central California: Tectonophysics, v. 42, no. 2-4, p. 111-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(77)90163-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"126","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219269,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"central California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.75077435395022,\n              39.095488845528365\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.36360784726932,\n              35.37719892331887\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.70789267854337,\n              35.599454894398846\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.0831329283512,\n              39.20355875635917\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.75077435395022,\n              39.095488845528365\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b884ae4b08c986b3168cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wesson, R. L.","contributorId":51752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, R.","contributorId":99694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bufe, C. G.","contributorId":79443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bufe","given":"C. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellsworth, W.L.","contributorId":48541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pfluke, J. H.","contributorId":77501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pfluke","given":"J. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steppe, J.A.","contributorId":22087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steppe","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Seekins, L. C.","contributorId":99561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seekins","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70009874,"text":"70009874 - 1977 - Empirical law for fault-creep events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-29T16:48:18.447247","indexId":"70009874","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Empirical law for fault-creep events","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fault-creep events measured on the San Andreas and related faults near Hollister, California, can be described by a rheological model consisting of a spring, power-law dashpotand sliding block connected in series. An empirical creep-event law, derived from many creep-event records analyzed within the constraints of the model, provides a remarkably simple and accurate representation of creep-event behavior. The empirical creep law is expressed by the equation:&nbsp;</span><i>D</i><span>(</span><i>t</i><span>)=&nbsp;</span><i>D</i><sub><i>f</i></sub><span>&nbsp;[1−1/{</span><i>ct</i><span>(</span><i>n</i><span>−1)</span><i>D</i><sub><i>f</i></sub><sup><i>n</i>−1</sup><span>+1}/</span><sup>(<i>n</i>−1)</sup><span>] where&nbsp;</span><i>D</i><span>&nbsp;is the value of displacement at time&nbsp;</span><i>t</i><span>&nbsp;following the onset of an event,&nbsp;</span><i>D</i><sub><i>f</i></sub><span>&nbsp;is the final equilibrium value of the event displacementand&nbsp;</span><i>C</i><span>&nbsp;is a proportionality constant. This discovery should help determine whether the time—displacement character of creep events is controlled by the material properties of fault gouge, or by other parameters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(77)90024-5","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Crough, S., and Burford, R.O., 1977, Empirical law for fault-creep events: Tectonophysics, v. 42, no. 1, p. T53-T59, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(77)90024-5.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"T53","endPage":"T59","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219194,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Melendy Ranch","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.22342633399354,\n              36.6280481223521\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.22342633399354,\n              36.588697570110256\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.16839941118548,\n              36.588697570110256\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.16839941118548,\n              36.6280481223521\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.22342633399354,\n              36.6280481223521\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a090ae4b0c8380cd51d91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crough, S.Thomas","contributorId":85317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crough","given":"S.Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burford, Robert O.","contributorId":52560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burford","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010181,"text":"70010181 - 1977 - Geochemistry of Precambrian mafic dikes, central Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-25T16:14:38.396079","indexId":"70010181","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of Precambrian mafic dikes, central Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p>Precambrian quartz dolerites and metadolerites of the central Bighorn Mountains form dikes that intrude a Precambrian metamorphic and igneous terrane typical of the Laramide uplifts of the middle Rocky Mountains. They have a restricted range of major- and trace-element compositions and are typical of basalts in the middle stages of tholeiitic fractionation. Fractionation in the direction of iron enrichment occurred by removal of plagioclase. Average element concentrations of the two groups are nearly identical to one another, are comparable to those in Archean metabasalts from numerous shield areas, and are intermediate between those of modern oceanic tholeiites and continental tholeiites. These average concentrations suggest a depth of magma generation and thickness of crust intermediate between those for the oceanic and continental environments.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0301-9268(77)90010-9","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Armbrustmacher, T., 1977, Geochemistry of Precambrian mafic dikes, central Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A.: Precambrian Research, v. 4, no. 1, p. 13-38, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(77)90010-9.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"38","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218632,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Bighorn Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.91969680894577,\n              44.808138289688515\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.91969680894577,\n              43.983529012844144\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.84232006071421,\n              43.983529012844144\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.84232006071421,\n              44.808138289688515\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.91969680894577,\n              44.808138289688515\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a16e6e4b0c8380cd552e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armbrustmacher, T.J.","contributorId":92642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbrustmacher","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":37640,"text":"tp92 - 1977 - Verification of a model for predicting the effect of inconstant temperature on embryonic development of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:01","indexId":"tp92","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":89,"text":"Technical Paper","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"92","title":"Verification of a model for predicting the effect of inconstant temperature on embryonic development of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis)","docAbstract":"Eggs stripped from lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) spawning in Lake Michigan were incubated in the laboratory at temperatures similar to those on whitefish spawning grounds in Lake Michigan during December-April. Observed times from fertilization to attainment of each of 21 developmental stages were used to test a model that predicts the rate of development at daily fluctuating temperatures; the model relates rate of development for any given stage j, expressed as the reciprocal of time (Rj), to temperature (T). The generalized equation for a developmental stage is Rj = abTcT??.\nObserved times agreed well (5.5% mean difference for all stages) with times predicted by the model; the observed time of 135 days from fertilization to hatching (stage 21) was only 5 days (3.7%) less than the predicted time of 140 days. The model was further verified by applying it to unpublished data supplied by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, for eggs from Lake Huron whitefish incubated in the laboratory in untempered Lake Huron water.\nThe model was used to predict the effects of small temperature increases (caused by a hypothetical waste-heat discharge) on the rate of development and time of hatching of lake whitefish eggs. According to this simulation, continuous addition of waste heat sufficient to raise the temperature 1, 2, or 3 C above ambient on the spawning grounds during December-April would advance the time of hatching 8, 16, or 21 days, respectively. Possible effects of this advancement on the reproductive success of whitefish are discussed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Berlin, W.H., Brooke, L., and Stone, L.J., 1977, Verification of a model for predicting the effect of inconstant temperature on embryonic development of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis): Technical Paper 92, [2], 6 p. : graph ; 26 cm.","productDescription":"[2], 6 p. : graph ; 26 cm.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112290,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31822006841605?urlappend=%3Bseq=479"},{"id":161735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db602221","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berlin, William H.","contributorId":15574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlin","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooke, L.T.","contributorId":60589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooke","given":"L.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stone, Linda J.","contributorId":30173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":25561,"text":"wri77120 - 1977 - Ground-water resources of the Upper Winooski River basin, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-21T11:21:49","indexId":"wri77120","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-120","title":"Ground-water resources of the Upper Winooski River basin, Vermont","docAbstract":"<p>Ground water in the upper Winooski River basin, Vermont, occurs in bedrock and in overlying unconsolidated deposits of glacial origin. Bedrock in the area is composed of a series of metamorphic and igneous rocks. Median yield for 126 wells in four different bedrock formations ranges from 5 to 6 gallons per minute, and median depth ranges from 130 to 200 feet. Lineaments, interpreted as fracture of breakage zones in bedrock, were mapped to identify zones where well yields are expected to be higher than average.</p>\n<p>Unconsolidated deposits in the upper Winooski River basin include unsorted till, water-sorted clay, silt, sand, and gravel. Properly constructed wells in saturated deposits of sand or gravel having high permeability can yield large quantities of water. Twenty-six domestic wells in these unconsolidated deposits have a median yield of 18 gallons per minute and a median depth of 58 feet.</p>\n<p>Chemical analysis of water from six wells indicate a median hardness of 120 milligrams per liter, (as CaCO<sub>3</sub>), which is moderately hard. Iron and manganese are common constituents of ground water in the area, and several analyses show concentrations of these elements which exceed recommended National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering (1973) limits for public drinking water supplies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri77120","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Vermont, Agency of Environmental Conservation, Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Hodges, A.L., Willey, R.E., Ashley, J.W., and Butterfield, D., 1977, Ground-water resources of the Upper Winooski River basin, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-120, Report: iv, 27 p.; 4 Plates: 33.88 x 42.89 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri77120.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 27 p.; 4 Plates: 33.88 x 42.89 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":310270,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0120/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310271,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0120/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310272,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0120/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310273,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0120/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310274,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0120/plate-4.pdf","text":"Plate 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157665,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri77120.PNG"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Upper Winooski River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.92724609375,\n              44.15856343854312\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.92724609375,\n              44.49650533109348\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.11975097656249,\n              44.49650533109348\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.11975097656249,\n              44.15856343854312\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.92724609375,\n              44.15856343854312\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db649202","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodges, Arthur L. Jr.","contributorId":62075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodges","given":"Arthur","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willey, Richard E.","contributorId":30972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willey","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ashley, James W.","contributorId":102523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashley","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butterfield, David","contributorId":28607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butterfield","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":6109,"text":"pp1008 - 1977 - Large landslides, composed of megabreccia, interbedded in Miocene basin deposits, southeastern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:58","indexId":"pp1008","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1008","title":"Large landslides, composed of megabreccia, interbedded in Miocene basin deposits, southeastern Arizona","docAbstract":"The landslides in the Kearny and El Capitan Mountain quadrangles, Pinal and Gila Counties, Ariz., are tabular or lens like masses of megabreccia enclosed in Miocene basin deposits. The megabreccias within individual slide blocks are composed of pervasively brecciated Precambrian and younger formations that remain in normal stratigraphic sequence, indicating that each landslide moved as a fairly coherent mass. The megabreccias consist of fresh, mostly angular rock fragments in a comminuted matrix of the same composition as the fragments. The matrix ranges in amount from sparse to abundant. Where the matrix is sparse, the fragments fit tightly with little or no rotation. Locally fragments are rotated but not moved far; most units within a slide block are lithologically homogeneous. \r\n\r\nThe Kearny landslides are conformably interbedded in steeply east-dipping playa and alluvial deposits. They form map units from a few tens of meters to nearly 4 km long and from less than 1 to 270 m wide. Narrow ridges expose sections through the landslides at about right angles to the direction of movement. The upper (proximal) ends have been eroded; the lower (distal) ends are buried. The El Capitan landslide dips very gently southward. Although partly dissected during erosion of the enclosing alluvial and lakebed deposits, its approximate original outline is still preserved. It forms a thin sheet, 5-15 m thick and at least 3.8 km long; the maximum outcrop width, near its distal end, is about 1.5 km. \r\n\r\nThe Kearny landslides show little evidence of having exerted differential pressure on the underlying soft playa and alluvial deposits, and the contacts with the underlying sediments have little relief. The distal end of the El Capitan landslide, on the other hand, has considerable relief. As the landslide came to an abrupt stop, the end plowed into the underlying sediments, compressing them into fol9.s and forming sandstone dikes. The source of the El Capitan landslide is a well-defined amphitheater on the south side of El Capitan Mountain 1,500 to more than 3,000 m above and 1.5-3 km north of the proximal end of the landslide. The long distance traveled on a very gentle slope indicates that the El Capitan landslide had a very low coefficient of friction, similar to some modern and prehistoric avalanches. According to Shreve, they may have traveled on a thin lubricating layer of compressed air. The coefficient of friction of the Kearny landslides cannot be determined. However, the nonturbulent character of both the Kearny and El Capitan landslides indicates that they slid rather than flowed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/pp1008","usgsCitation":"Krieger, M.L., 1977, Large landslides, composed of megabreccia, interbedded in Miocene basin deposits, southeastern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1008, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1008.","productDescription":"25 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104534,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4673.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4673"},{"id":124997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1008/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":33154,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1008/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33155,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1008/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33156,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1008/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33157,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1008/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33158,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1008/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a9077","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krieger, Medora Louise Hooper","contributorId":10413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krieger","given":"Medora","email":"","middleInitial":"Louise Hooper","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26262,"text":"wri77107 - 1977 - Preliminary digital model of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater River basin, central Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T16:02:05","indexId":"wri77107","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-107","title":"Preliminary digital model of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater River basin, central Wyoming","docAbstract":"In central Wyoming, Potentially large supplies of ground water are available in the Sweetwater River basin from the Arikaree aquifer, which consists of the upper part of the White River, the Arikaree, and the Ogallala Formations. A preliminary digital model was developed for the Arikaree aquifer using a small amount of poorly distributed data, an estimated distribution of recharge, and a conceptual model of the Arikaree aquifer flow system. Calibration of the model was based on reproduction of the potentiometric surface and the base flow of the Sweetwater River in November 1975. Calculated steady-state hydraulic heads were within 50 feet of the observed heads in about 98 percent of the nodes. The calculated leakage from the Arikaree aquifer to he Sweetwater River in the western area was within about 12 percent of the leadage determined by gain and loss studies. In order to develop a comprehensive digital model that would respond to hydraulic stress in nearly the same manner as the actual aquifer flow system, measured responses of the aquifer to stress are needed. Also needed are additional data on aquifer characteristics, recharge to the aquifer, and stream-aquifer relationships. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri77107","usgsCitation":"Borchert, W.B., 1977, Preliminary digital model of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater River basin, central Wyoming (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-107, iii, 19 p. :maps (some fold. in pocket) ;27 cm. --, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri77107.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p. :maps (some fold. in pocket) ;27 cm. --","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157796,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0107/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55073,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0107/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6692c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borchert, W. B.","contributorId":34965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchert","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":4302,"text":"cir750 - 1977 - Geological studies on the COST No. B-2 well, U. S. Mid-Atlantic outer continental shelf area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:33","indexId":"cir750","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"750","title":"Geological studies on the COST No. B-2 well, U. S. Mid-Atlantic outer continental shelf area","docAbstract":"The COST No. B-2 well is the first deep stratigraphic test to be drilled on the United States Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf (AOCS) area. The well was drilled on the eastern flank of the Baltimore Canyon trough to a total depth of 16,043 feet; it penetrated a section composed almost entirely of sand and shale with subordinate amounts of limestone, coal, and lignite. Biostratigraphic studies have shown that the uppermost 5,000 feet is of Tertiary and Quaternary age and was deposited in nonmarine to deep marine environments. The Upper Cretaceous section is about 3,000 feet thick and is of dominantly shallow marine origin. The basal 8,000 feet of sediment has been tentatively determined to be entirely of Early Cretaceous age, the basal sediments being dated as Berriasian. This Lower Cretaceous section is primarily nonmarine to very shallow marine in origin. \r\n\r\nExamination of cores, well cuttings, and electric logs shows that thick potential reservoir sands are found through much of the section. However, porosity and permeability decrease strikingly in the deeper parts of the Lower Cretaceous section as a result of compaction and cementation. Most of the sands are quite feldspathic, and progressive decomposition of feldspar stimulates authigenic clay and silica formation. \r\n\r\nStudies of color alteration of visible organic matter, organic geochemistry, and vitrinite reflectance show that although many units have high organic-carbon contents, moderately low geothermal gradients may have retarded thermal maturation. This, in conjunction with the scarcity of marine-derived organic matter in the lower part of the section, suggests a relatively low potential for the generation of liquid hydrocarbons. However, the overall combination of source beds, reservoirs, seals, structures, and thermal gradients may be favorable for the generation and entrapment of natural gas. \r\n\r\nFurthermore, the presence of reservoir rocks, seals, and trapping structures may indicate a significant potential for entrapment of either natural gas or petroleum that was generated deeper in the basin and then migrated either laterally or vertically.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir750","usgsCitation":"Scholle, P.A., 1977, Geological studies on the COST No. B-2 well, U. S. Mid-Atlantic outer continental shelf area: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 750, iv, 71 p. :ill., map ;26 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/cir750.","productDescription":"iv, 71 p. :ill., map ;26 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1977/0750/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31413,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1977/0750/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8470","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholle, Peter A.","contributorId":48954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholle","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":148770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":9807,"text":"ofr77583 - 1977 - Leachate plumes in ground water from Babylon and Islip landfills, Long Island, New York","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9807,"text":"ofr77583 - 1977 - Leachate plumes in ground water from Babylon and Islip landfills, Long Island, New York","indexId":"ofr77583","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Leachate plumes in ground water from Babylon and Islip landfills, Long Island, New York"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6101,"text":"pp1085 - 1980 - Leachate plumes in ground water from Babylon and Islip landfills, Long Island, New York","indexId":"pp1085","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Leachate plumes in ground water from Babylon and Islip landfills, Long Island, New York"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":6101,"text":"pp1085 - 1980 - Leachate plumes in ground water from Babylon and Islip landfills, Long Island, New York","indexId":"pp1085","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Leachate plumes in ground water from Babylon and Islip landfills, Long Island, New York"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:15","indexId":"ofr77583","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-583","title":"Leachate plumes in ground water from Babylon and Islip landfills, Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"Landfills operated by the towns of Babylon and Islip in southwest and central Suffolk County, N.Y., contain urban refuse , incinerated garbage, and scavenger (cesspool) waste; some industrial refuse is deposited at the Babylon site. The Islip landfill was started in 1933, the Babylon landfill in 1947. The landfills are in contact with and discharge leachate into the highly permeable upper glacial aquifer hydraulic conductivity 190 to 500 ft/d. The aquifer is 74 feet thick at the Babylon landfill and 170 feet thick at the Islip landfill. The leachate-enriched water occupies the entire thickness of the aquifer beneath both landfills, but hydrologic boundaries retard downward migration of the plumes to deeper aquifers. The Babylon plume is 1,900 feet wide at the landfill and narrows to about 700 feet near its terminus 10,000 feet from the landfill. The Islip plume is 1,400 feet wide at the landfill and narrows to 500 feet near its terminus 5,000 feet from the landfill. Hydrochemical maps and sections show the distribution of the major chemical constituents of the plumes. The most highly leachate-enriched ground water obtained was from the Babylon site; it contained 860 mg/liter sodium, 110 mg/liter potassium, 565 mg/liter calcium, 100 mg/liter magnesium, 2,700 mg/liter bicarbonate, and 1,300 mg/liter chloride. Simulation of the movement and dispersion of the Babylon plume with a mathematical dispersion model indicated the coefficient of longitudinal dispersion to be about 60 feet squared per day and the ground-water velocity to be 1 ft/d. However, the velocity determined from the hydraulic gradient and public-supply wells in the area was 4 ft/d, which would cause a plume four times as long as that predicted by the model. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77583","usgsCitation":"Kimmel, G.E., and Braids, O.C., 1977, Leachate plumes in ground water from Babylon and Islip landfills, Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-583, vi, 72 leaves :ill., maps (2 fold. in pocket) ;29 cm.; (141 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77583.","productDescription":"vi, 72 leaves :ill., maps (2 fold. in pocket) ;29 cm.; (141 p. - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b45f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimmel, Grant E.","contributorId":20741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimmel","given":"Grant","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Braids, Olin C.","contributorId":84368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braids","given":"Olin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":10170,"text":"ofr77549 - 1977 - Application of linear statistical models of earthquake magnitude versus fault length in estimating maximum expectable earthquakes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10170,"text":"ofr77549 - 1977 - Application of linear statistical models of earthquake magnitude versus fault length in estimating maximum expectable earthquakes","indexId":"ofr77549","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Application of linear statistical models of earthquake magnitude versus fault length in estimating maximum expectable earthquakes"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70043185,"text":"70043185 - 1977 - Application of linear statistical models of earthquake magnitude versus fault length in estimating maximum expectable earthquakes","indexId":"70043185","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Application of linear statistical models of earthquake magnitude versus fault length in estimating maximum expectable earthquakes"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70043185,"text":"70043185 - 1977 - Application of linear statistical models of earthquake magnitude versus fault length in estimating maximum expectable earthquakes","indexId":"70043185","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Application of linear statistical models of earthquake magnitude versus fault length in estimating maximum expectable earthquakes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-14T13:06:06.580628","indexId":"ofr77549","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-549","title":"Application of linear statistical models of earthquake magnitude versus fault length in estimating maximum expectable earthquakes","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr77549","usgsCitation":"Mark, R.K., 1977, Application of linear statistical models of earthquake magnitude versus fault length in estimating maximum expectable earthquakes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-549, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77549.","productDescription":"15 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0549/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38018,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0549/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a9af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mark, R. K.","contributorId":32159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8048,"text":"ofr77478 - 1977 - Progress report on study of magnitude and frequency of floods on small drainage areas in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:04","indexId":"ofr77478","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-478","title":"Progress report on study of magnitude and frequency of floods on small drainage areas in Florida","docAbstract":"Long-term flood records for small basins, especially those basins of less than 10 square miles, are almost nonexistent in Florida. In July 1967 a program was begun to develop a data base to extend short-term flood-peak records for small basins by use of the U.S. Geological Survey rainfall/runoff model. Concurrent rainfall and runoff data, for a 5- to 7-year period, were used to calibrate a model for eight rainfall/runoff gaging stations. The standard error of estimate ranged from 25 to 50 percent. Twenty other rainfall/runoff stations are ready for calibration. The Caney Creek station was calibrated, and the annual peaks simulated for 1902-68 were used as input to develop a flood-frequency curve using a log-Pearson Type III distribution. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77478","usgsCitation":"Bridges, W.C., 1977, Progress report on study of magnitude and frequency of floods on small drainage areas in Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-478, iv, 22, [9] leaves :ill., map ;27 cm.; (27 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77478.","productDescription":"iv, 22, [9] leaves :ill., map ;27 cm.; (27 p. - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0478/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35623,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0478/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649e19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bridges, W. C.","contributorId":73996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8685,"text":"ofr77224 - 1977 - Factors limiting the sensitivity and dynamic range of a seismic system employing analog magnetic tape recording and a seismic amplifier with adjustable gain settings and several output levels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:18","indexId":"ofr77224","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-224","title":"Factors limiting the sensitivity and dynamic range of a seismic system employing analog magnetic tape recording and a seismic amplifier with adjustable gain settings and several output levels","docAbstract":"In the course of modernizing the low-speed-tape-recorder portable seismic systems and considering the possibilities for the design of a cassette-tape-recorder seismic refraction system, the factors that limit the sensitivity and dynamic range of such systems have been reviewed. These factors will first be stated briefly, and then their influence on systems such as the new 5-day-tape seismic system will be examined in more detail. To fix ideas, we shall assume that the system consists of the following elements:\r\n\r\n1. A seismic sensor: usually a moving coil inertial seismometer with a period of about 1 second, a coil resistance of about 5000 ohms, and an effective motor constant of 1.0 V/cm/sec (across a 10K load terminating the seismometer sensitivity-and-damping-adjustment resistive network).\r\n\r\n2. A seismic amplifier/voltage controlled oscillator unit made up of the following components:\r\n\r\n   a) A fixed gain preamplifier with an input resistance of 10K and an internal noise level of 0.5 muVpp referred to the preamp input (0.1 Hz <= freq. <= 30 hz).\r\n\r\n   b) An adjustable gain (0 to 42 db in 6 db steps) intermediate amplifier\r\n\r\n   c) One or more fixed gain output amplifiers.\r\n\r\n   d) Two sections of 6 db/octave bandpass filter serving to couple the 3 amplifier stages together.\r\n\r\n   e) Voltage controlled oscillators for each output amplifier to produce modulated FM carriers for recording on separate tape tracks or modulated FM subcarriers for subsequent multiplexing and direct recording on tape in the California Network format.\r\n\r\n3. An analog magnetic tape recorder: e.g. the PI 5100 (15/80 ips recording in the FM mode or in the direct mode with the 'broad-band' variant-of the Cal Net multiplex system, or 15/16 ips recording in the direct mode with the standard Cal Net multiplex system), or the Sony TC-126 cassette recorder operating in the direct record mode with the standard Cal Net multiplex system.\r\n\r\n4. Appropriate magnetic tape playback equipment: e.g., the Bell and Howell 3700-B for the PI-5100 or the Sony TC 126 for its own tapes.\r\n\r\n5. Appropriate discriminators (employing subtractive compensation, at least for the multiplexed systems) to restore the data signals to their original forms.\r\n\r\n6. An A/D convertor to digitize the seismic signals for computer processing and/or a strip chart recorder (e.g., the Siemens Oscillomink) for playout of the data. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77224","usgsCitation":"Eaton, J.P., and Van Schaack, J.R., 1977, Factors limiting the sensitivity and dynamic range of a seismic system employing analog magnetic tape recording and a seismic amplifier with adjustable gain settings and several output levels: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-224, 14 leaves :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77224.","productDescription":"14 leaves :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_77_224.jpg"},{"id":14276,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0224/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f7ad8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eaton, Jerry P.","contributorId":22341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Schaack, John R.","contributorId":61040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Schaack","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26718,"text":"wri77104 - 1977 - Frequency analysis of Illinois floods using observed and synthetic streamflow records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T09:49:37","indexId":"wri77104","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-104","title":"Frequency analysis of Illinois floods using observed and synthetic streamflow records","docAbstract":"<p>Equations, applicable Statewide, for estimating flood magnitudes having recurrence intervals ranging from 2 to 500 years for unregulated rural streams, with drainage areas ranging from 9.02 to 10,000 square miles (0.05 to 25,900 sqiiare kilometers), were derived by multiple regression an. A rainfall-runoff model was used in the synthesis of long-term annual peak data for each of 54 small watersheds (drainage areas less than 10.2 nii2, 26.4 km 2). Synthetic freqeency curves generated from five long-term precipitation stations were combined into one synthetic curve and then this synthetic curve was combined with the observed station frequency curve to derae the station frequency curve. Synthetic data from the 54 small streams, observed data at 33 small streams, and observed data at 154 large streams were used in the analyses. The most significant independent variables in the regression analysis for estimating flood peaks on Illinois streams were drainage area, slope, rainfall intensity, and an areal factor.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri77104","usgsCitation":"Curtis, G.W., 1977, Frequency analysis of Illinois floods using observed and synthetic streamflow records: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-104, v, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri77104.","productDescription":"v, 32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0104/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":358865,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0104/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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,{"id":6088,"text":"pp1040 - 1977 - Stochastic analysis of particle movement over a dune bed","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":14622,"text":"ofr75358 - 1975 - Stochastic analysis of particle movement over a dune bed","indexId":"ofr75358","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Stochastic analysis of particle movement over a dune bed"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6088,"text":"pp1040 - 1977 - Stochastic analysis of particle movement over a dune bed","indexId":"pp1040","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Stochastic analysis of particle movement over a dune bed"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:54","indexId":"pp1040","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1040","title":"Stochastic analysis of particle movement over a dune bed","docAbstract":"Stochastic models are available that can be used to predict the transport and dispersion of bed-material sediment particles in an alluvial channel. These models are based on the proposition that the movement of a single bed-material sediment particle consists of a series of steps of random length separated by rest periods of random duration and, therefore, application of the models requires a knowledge of the probability distributions of the step lengths, the rest periods, the elevation of particle deposition, and the elevation of particle erosion. The procedure was tested by determining distributions from bed profiles formed in a large laboratory flume with a coarse sand as the bed material. The elevation of particle deposition and the elevation of particle erosion can be considered to be identically distributed, and their distribution can be described by either a ' truncated Gaussian ' or a ' triangular ' density function. The conditional probability distribution of the rest period given the elevation of particle deposition closely followed the two-parameter gamma distribution. The conditional probability distribution of the step length given the elevation of particle erosion and the elevation of particle deposition also closely followed the two-parameter gamma density function. For a given flow, the scale and shape parameters describing the gamma probability distributions can be expressed as functions of bed-elevation. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/pp1040","usgsCitation":"Lee, B.K., and Jobson, H.E., 1977, Stochastic analysis of particle movement over a dune bed: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1040, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1040.","productDescription":"72 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1040/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":33130,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1040/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4376","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Baum K.","contributorId":27055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Baum","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jobson, Harvey E.","contributorId":27032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":61494,"text":"mf799 - 1977 - Maps showing sample localities and ternary plots and graphs showing modal and chemical data for granitic rocks of the Santa Lucia Range, Salinian block, California Coast Ranges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-01T13:16:54","indexId":"mf799","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"799","title":"Maps showing sample localities and ternary plots and graphs showing modal and chemical data for granitic rocks of the Santa Lucia Range, Salinian block, California Coast Ranges","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf799","isbn":"0607802456","usgsCitation":"Ross, D.C., 1977, Maps showing sample localities and ternary plots and graphs showing modal and chemical data for granitic rocks of the Santa Lucia Range, Salinian block, California Coast Ranges: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 799, Three sheets with 16-page text, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf799.","productDescription":"Three sheets with 16-page text","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":180157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0799/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":275738,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0799/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":275737,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0799/report.pdf"},{"id":275739,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0799/plate-3.pdf"}],"scale":"256000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122,35.95 ], [ -122,36.6 ], [ -121.25,36.6 ], [ -121.25,35.95 ], [ -122,35.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605e65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, D. C.","contributorId":103681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8508,"text":"ofr77153 - 1977 - A computer program to calculate the resistivity and induced polarization response for a three-dimensional body in the presence of buried electrodes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:13","indexId":"ofr77153","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-153","title":"A computer program to calculate the resistivity and induced polarization response for a three-dimensional body in the presence of buried electrodes","docAbstract":"Three-dimensional induced polarization and resistivity modeling for buried electrode configurations can be achieved by adapting surface integral techniques for surface electrode configurations to buried electrodes. Modification of. the surface technique is accomplished by considering the additional mathematical terms required to express-the changes in the electrical potential and geometry caused by placing the source and receiver electrodes below the surface. This report presents a listing of a computer program to calculate the resistivity and induced polarization response from a three-dimensional body for buried electrode configurations. The program is designed to calculate the response for the following electrode configurations: (1) hole-to-surface array with a buried bipole source and a surface bipole receiver, (2) hole-to-surface array with a buried pole source and a surface bipole receiver, (3) hole-to-hole array with a buried, fixed pole source and a moving bipole receiver, (4) surface-to-hole array with a fixed pole source on the surface and a moving bipole receiver in the borehole, (5) hole-to-hole array with a buried, fixed bipole source and a buried, moving bipole receiver, (6) hole-to-hole array with a buried, moving bipole source and a buried, moving bipole receiver, and (7) single-hole, buried bipole-bipole array. Input and output examples are given for each of the arrays.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77153","usgsCitation":"Daniels, J.J., 1977, A computer program to calculate the resistivity and induced polarization response for a three-dimensional body in the presence of buried electrodes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-153, 74 leaves :ill ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77153.","productDescription":"74 leaves :ill ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0153/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36081,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0153/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b093c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniels, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":87938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29744,"text":"wri7730 - 1977 - Digital-model evaluation of the ground-water resources in Ocotillo-Coyote Wells Basin, Imperial County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-22T12:16:48","indexId":"wri7730","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-30","title":"Digital-model evaluation of the ground-water resources in Ocotillo-Coyote Wells Basin, Imperial County, California","docAbstract":"A flow model using finite-element techniques has been constructed for an alluvial aquifer in the Ocotillo-Coyote Wells Basin, Imperial County, Calif. Natural recharge is about 2,600 acre-feet per year, and estimated ground water in storage is 640 ,000 acre-feet. Pumpage totaled 880 acre-feet in 1975. The computed decline from steady-state conditions in 1925 to December 1975 was 15 feet in Ocotillo. The projected decline from 1976 to 1995 with annual pumpage of 1,000 acre-feet is 6 feet and with annual pumpage of 2,000 acre-feet is 17 feet in Ocotillo. In the latter projection, continued pumping after 1995 may cause saline water to flow toward the potable ground water in and around Ocotillo. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7730","usgsCitation":"Skrivan, J.A., 1977, Digital-model evaluation of the ground-water resources in Ocotillo-Coyote Wells Basin, Imperial County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-30, v, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7730.","productDescription":"v, 50 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":365793,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0030/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0030/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Imperial County","otherGeospatial":"Ocotillo-Coyote Wells Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.03965759277344,\n              32.73097447261565\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.96103668212889,\n              32.73097447261565\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.96103668212889,\n              32.7552311678869\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.03965759277344,\n              32.7552311678869\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.03965759277344,\n              32.73097447261565\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ade8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skrivan, James A.","contributorId":106869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skrivan","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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