{"pageNumber":"1583","pageRowStart":"39550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184553,"records":[{"id":70042217,"text":"sir20125262 - 2012 - Assessing potential effects of changes in water use with a numerical groundwater-flow model of Carson Valley, Douglas County, Nevada, and Alpine County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-28T13:48:13","indexId":"sir20125262","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5262","title":"Assessing potential effects of changes in water use with a numerical groundwater-flow model of Carson Valley, Douglas County, Nevada, and Alpine County, California","docAbstract":"Rapid growth and development within Carson Valley in Douglas County, Nevada, and Alpine County, California, has caused concern over the continued availability of groundwater, and whether the increased municipal demand could either impact the availability of water or result in decreased flow in the Carson River. Annual pumpage of groundwater has increased from less than 10,000 acre feet per year (acre-ft/yr) in the 1970s to about 31,000 acre-ft/yr in 2004, with most of the water used in agriculture. Municipal use of groundwater totaled about 10,000 acre-feet in 2000. In comparison, average streamflow entering the valley from 1940 to 2006 was 344,100 acre-ft/yr, while average flow exiting the valley was 297,400 acre-ft/yr. Carson Valley is underlain by semi-consolidated Tertiary sediments that are exposed on the eastern side and dip westward. Quaternary fluvial and alluvial deposits overlie the Tertiary sediments in the center and western side of the valley. The hydrology of Carson Valley is dominated by the Carson River, which supplies irrigation water for about 39,000 acres of farmland and maintains the water table less than 5 feet (ft) beneath much of the valley floor. Perennial and ephemeral watersheds drain the Carson Range and the Pine Nut Mountains, and mountain-front recharge to the groundwater system from these watersheds is estimated to average 36,000 acre-ft/yr. Groundwater in Carson Valley flows toward the Carson River and north toward the outlet of the Carson Valley. An upward hydraulic gradient exists over much of the valley, and artesian wells flow at land surface in some areas. Water levels declined as much as 15 ft since 1980 in some areas on the eastern side of the valley. Median estimated transmissivities of Quaternary alluvial-fan and fluvial sediments, and Tertiary sediments are 316; 3,120; and 110 feet squared per day (ft<sup>2</sup>/d), respectively, with larger transmissivity values in the central part of the valley and smaller values near the valley margins. A groundwater-flow model of Quaternary and Tertiary sediments in Carson Valley was developed using MODFLOW and calibrated to simulate historical conditions from water years 1971 through 2005. The 35-year transient simulation represented quarterly changes in precipitation, streamflow, pumping and irrigation. Inflows to the groundwater system simulated in the model include mountain-front recharge from watersheds in the Carson Range and Pine Nut Mountains, valley recharge from precipitation and land application of wastewater, agricultural recharge from irrigation, and septic-tank discharge. Outflows from the groundwater system simulated in the model include evapotranspiration from the water table and groundwater withdrawals for municipal, domestic, irrigation and other water supplies. The exchange of water between groundwater, the Carson River, and the irrigation system was represented with a version of the Streamflow Routing (SFR) package that was modified to apply diversions from the irrigation network to irrigated areas as recharge. The groundwater-flow model was calibrated through nonlinear regression with UCODE to measured water levels and streamflow to estimate values of hydraulic conductivity, recharge and streambed hydraulic-conductivity that were represented by 18 optimized parameters. The aquifer system was simulated as confined to facilitate numerical convergence, and the hydraulic conductivity of the top active model layers that intersect the water table was multiplied by a factor to account for partial saturation. Storage values representative of specific yield were specified in parts of model layers where unconfined conditions are assumed to occur. The median transmissivity (<i>T</i>) values (11,000 and 800 ft<sup>2</sup>/d for the fluvial and alluvial-fan sediments, respectively) are both within the third quartile of <i>T</i> values estimated from specific-capacity data, but <i>T</i> values for Tertiary sediments are larger than the third quartile estimated from specific-capacity data. The estimated vertical anisotropy for the Quaternary fluvial sediments (9,000) is comparable to the value estimated for a previous model of Carson Valley. The estimated total volume of mountain-front recharge is equivalent to a previous estimate from the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) watershed models, but less recharge is estimated for the Carson Range and more recharge is estimated for the Pine Nut Mountains than the previous estimate. Simulated flow paths indicate that groundwater flows faster through the center of Carson Valley and slower through the lower hydraulic-conductivity Tertiary sediments to the east. Shallow flow in the center of the valley is towards drainage channels, but deeper flow is generally directed toward the basin outlet to the north. The aquifer system is in a dynamic equilibrium with large inflows from storage in dry years and large outflows to storage in wet years. Pumping has historically been less than 10 percent of outflows from the groundwater system, and agricultural recharge has been less than 10 percent of inflows to the groundwater system. Three principal sources of uncertainty that affect model results are: (1) the hydraulic characteristics of the Tertiary sediments on the eastern side of the basin, (2) the composition of sediments beneath the alluvial fans and (3) the extent of the confining unit represented within fluvial sediments in the center of the basin. The groundwater-flow model was used in five 55-year predictive simulations to evaluate the long-term effects of different water-use scenarios on water-budget components, groundwater levels, and streamflow in the Carson River. The predictive simulations represented water years 2006 through 2060 using quarterly stress periods with boundary conditions that varied cyclically to represent the transition from wet to dry conditions observed from water years 1995 through 2004. The five scenarios included a base scenario with 2005 pumping rates held constant throughout the simulation period and four other scenarios using: (1) pumping rates increased by 70 percent, including an additional 1,340 domestic wells, (2A) pumping rates more than doubled with municipal pumping increased by a factor of four over the base scenario, (2B) pumping rates of 2A with 2,040 fewer domestic wells, and (3) pumping rates of 2A with 3,700 acres removed from irrigation. The 55-year predictive simulations indicate that increasing groundwater withdrawals under the scenarios considered would result in as much as 40 ft and 60 ft of water-table decline on the west and east sides of Carson Valley, respectively. The water table in the central part of the valley would remain essentially unchanged, but water-level declines of as much as 30 ft are predicted for the deeper, confined aquifer. The increased withdrawals would reduce the volume of groundwater storage and decrease the mean downstream flow in the Carson River by as much as 16,500 acre-ft/yr. If, in addition, 3,700 acres were removed from irrigation, the reduction in mean downstream flow in the Carson River would be only 6,500 acre-ft/yr. The actual amount of flow reduction is uncertain because of potential changes in irrigation practices that may not be accounted for in the model. The projections of the predictive simulations are sensitive to rates of mountain-front recharge specified for the Carson Range and the Pine Nut Mountains. The model provides a tool that can be used to aid water managers and planners in making informed decisions. A prudent management approach would include continued monitoring of water levels on both the east and west sides of Carson Valley to either verify the predictions of the groundwater-flow model or to provide additional data for recalibration of the model if the predictions prove inaccurate.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125262","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Carson Water Subconservancy District","usgsCitation":"Yager, R.M., Maurer, D.K., and Mayers, C., 2012, Assessing potential effects of changes in water use with a numerical groundwater-flow model of Carson Valley, Douglas County, Nevada, and Alpine County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5262, x,  84 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125262.","productDescription":"x,  84 p.","numberOfPages":"98","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5262.jpg"},{"id":264888,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5262/"},{"id":264889,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5262/pdf/sir2012-5262.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Nevada","county":"Alpine;Churchill;Douglas;Storey;Washoe","otherGeospatial":"Carson River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.0,38.25 ], [ -120.0,40.5 ], [ -118.0,40.5 ], [ -118.0,38.25 ], [ -120.0,38.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfe1e4b0a4aa5bb0ae7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, Richard M. 0000-0001-7725-1148 ryager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7725-1148","contributorId":950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"Richard","email":"ryager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maurer, Douglas K. dkmaurer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"Douglas","email":"dkmaurer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":471009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayers, C.J.","contributorId":17410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayers","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042197,"text":"70042197 - 2012 - Seasonal zooplankton dynamics in Lake Michigan: disentangling impacts of resource limitation, ecosystem engineering, and predation during a critical ecosystem transition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-28T13:44:37","indexId":"70042197","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal zooplankton dynamics in Lake Michigan: disentangling impacts of resource limitation, ecosystem engineering, and predation during a critical ecosystem transition","docAbstract":"We examined seasonal dynamics of zooplankton at an offshore station in Lake Michigan from 1994 to 2003 and 2007 to 2008. This period saw variable weather, declines in planktivorous fish abundance, the introduction and expansion of dreissenid mussels, and a slow decline in total phosphorus concentrations. After the major expansion of mussels into deep water (2007–2008), chlorophyll in spring declined sharply, Secchi depth increased markedly in all seasons, and planktivorous fish biomass declined to record-low levels. Overlaying these dramatic ecosystem-level changes, the zooplankton community exhibited complex seasonal dynamics between 1994–2003 and 2007–2008. Phenology of the zooplankton maximum was affected by onset of thermal stratification, but there was no other discernable effect due to temperature. Interannual variability in zooplankton biomass during 1994 and 2003 was strongly driven by planktivorous fish abundance, particularly age-0 and age-1 alewives. In 2007–2008, there were large decreases in <i>Diacyclops thomasi</i> and <i>Daphnia mendotae</i> possibly caused by food limitation as well as increased predation and indirect negative effects from increases in <i>Bythotrephes</i> longimanus abundance and in foraging efficiency associated with increased light penetration. The <i>Bythotrephes</i> increase was likely driven in part by decreased predation from yearling and older alewife. While there was a major decrease in epilimnetic–metalimnetic herbivorous cladocerans in 2007–2008, there was an increase in large omnivorous and predacious calanoid copepods, especially those in the hypolimnion. Thus, changes to the zooplankton community are the result of cascading, synergistic interactions, including a shift from vertebrate to invertebrate planktivory and mussel ecosystem impacts on light climate and chlorophyll.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2012.02.005","usgsCitation":"Vanderploeg, H., Pothoven, S.A., Fahnenstiel, G.L., Cavaletto, J.F., Liebig, J.R., Stow, C.S., Nalepa, T., Madenjian, C.P., and Bunnell, D., 2012, Seasonal zooplankton dynamics in Lake Michigan: disentangling impacts of resource limitation, ecosystem engineering, and predation during a critical ecosystem transition: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 38, no. 2, p. 336-352, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.02.005.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"336","endPage":"352","ipdsId":"IP-035739","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264887,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264886,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.02.005"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.91,41.61 ], [ -87.91,46.05 ], [ -84.95,46.05 ], [ -84.95,41.61 ], [ -87.91,41.61 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4b94ce4b0e8fec6cdefb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vanderploeg, Henry A.","contributorId":85929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderploeg","given":"Henry A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pothoven, Steven A.","contributorId":92998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pothoven","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fahnenstiel, Gary L.","contributorId":32491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahnenstiel","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cavaletto, Joann F.","contributorId":93356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cavaletto","given":"Joann","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liebig, James R.","contributorId":25052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liebig","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stow, Craig Stow","contributorId":65737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stow","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"Stow","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nalepa, Thomas F.","contributorId":28212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nalepa","given":"Thomas F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bunnell, David B.","contributorId":14360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70042218,"text":"ofr20121260 - 2012 - Stratigraphic cross section of measured sections and drill holes of the Neslen Formation and adjacent formations, Book Cliffs Area, Colorado and Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-22T14:55:55","indexId":"ofr20121260","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1260","title":"Stratigraphic cross section of measured sections and drill holes of the Neslen Formation and adjacent formations, Book Cliffs Area, Colorado and Utah","docAbstract":"<p>This study updates a stratigraphic cross section published as plate 2 in Kirschbaum and Hettinger (2004) Digital Data Series 69-G (<a data-mce-href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-g/\" href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-g/\">http://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-g/</a>). The datum is a marine/tidal ravinement surface within the Cozzette Sandstone Member of the Iles Formation and the Thompson Canyon Sandstone and Sulphur Canyon Sandstone Beds of the Neslen Formation. One of the cores shown was included on the original cross section, and new core descriptions have been added to the upper part of the cored interval. A new core description (S178) is included in this report. Cores are stored in the U.S. Geological Survey Core Research Facility at the Denver Federal Center, Colorado. The following information has also been added to help define the stratigraphic framework: 1) At least five claystones interpreted as altered volcanic ashes have been identified and may give future workers a correlation tool within the largely continental section. 2) Thickness and general geometry of the Sego Sandstone, Buck Tongue of the Mancos Shale, and Castlegate Sandstone have been added to provide additional stratigraphic context. 3) The geometry in the Sego Sandstone, Buck Tongue of the Mancos Shale, and Castlegate Sandstone has been added to provide additional stratigraphic context. 4) Ammonite collections are from Gill and Hail. The zone of Didymoceras nebrascense projected into the East Salt Wash area is based on correlation of the flooding surface at the base of the Cozzette Member to this point as shown in Kirschbaum and Hettinger. 5) A leaf locality of the Denver Museum of Nature and Science is shown in its approximate stratigraphic position near Thompson Canyon. 6) A dinosaur locality of the Natural History Museum of Utah is shown in the Horse Canyon area measured section at the stratigraphic position where it was extracted.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121260","usgsCitation":"Kirschbaum, M.A., and Spear, B.D., 2012, Stratigraphic cross section of measured sections and drill holes of the Neslen Formation and adjacent formations, Book Cliffs Area, Colorado and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1260, 1 Sheet: 84.00 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121260.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 84.00 x 36.00 inches","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1260.jpg"},{"id":264895,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1260/"},{"id":264896,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1260/OF2012-1260.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah, Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Books Cliffs","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.05,36.99 ], [ -114.05,42.0 ], [ -102.04,42.0 ], [ -102.04,36.99 ], [ -114.05,36.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4d714e4b0e8fec6ce368c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirschbaum, Mark A.","contributorId":25112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirschbaum","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spear, Brianne D.","contributorId":15657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Brianne","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70042219,"text":"sir20125283 - 2012 - Floods of June 2012 in northeastern Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-28T14:06:05","indexId":"sir20125283","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5283","title":"Floods of June 2012 in northeastern Minnesota","docAbstract":"During June 19–20, 2012, heavy rainfall, as much as 10 inches locally reported, caused severe flooding across northeastern Minnesota. The floods were exacerbated by wet antecedent conditions from a relatively rainy spring, with May 2012 as one of the wettest Mays on record in Duluth. The June 19–20, 2012, rainfall event set new records in Duluth, including greatest 2-day precipitation with 7.25 inches of rain. The heavy rains fell on three major watersheds: the Mississippi Headwaters; the St. Croix, which drains to the Mississippi River; and Western Lake Superior, which includes the St. Louis River and other tributaries to Lake Superior. Widespread flash and river flooding that resulted from the heavy rainfall caused evacuations of residents, and damages to residences, businesses, and infrastructure. In all, nine counties in northeastern Minnesota were declared Federal disaster areas as a result of the flooding. Peak-of-record streamflows were recorded at 13 U.S. Geological Survey streamgages as a result of the heavy rainfall. Flood-peak gage heights, peak streamflows, and annual exceedance probabilities were tabulated for 35 U.S. Geological Survey streamgages. Flood-peak streamflows in June 2012 had annual exceedance probabilities estimated to be less than 0.002 (0.2 percent; recurrence interval greater than 500 years) for five streamgages, and between 0.002 and 0.01 (1 percent; recurrence interval greater than 100 years) for four streamgages. High-water marks were identified and tabulated for the most severely affected communities of Barnum (Moose Horn River), Carlton (Otter Creek), Duluth Heights neighborhood of Duluth (Miller Creek), Fond du Lac neighborhood of Duluth (St. Louis River), Moose Lake (Moose Horn River and Moosehead Lake), and Thomson (Thomson Reservoir outflow near the St. Louis River). Flood-peak inundation maps and water-surface profiles were produced for these six severely affected communities. The inundation maps were constructed in a geographic information system by combining high-water-mark data with high-resolution digital elevation model data. The flood maps and profiles show the extent and depth of flooding through the communities and can be used for flood response and recovery efforts by local, county, State, and Federal agencies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125283","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency.  The Downloads Directory contains the 6 figures from Appendix 2.  For more information, see the \"View companion files\" link above.","usgsCitation":"Czuba, C.R., Fallon, J.D., and Kessler, E.W., 2012, Floods of June 2012 in northeastern Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5283, Report: vi, 42 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125283.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 42 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-06-19","temporalEnd":"2012-06-20","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264894,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5283.gif"},{"id":264893,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5283/downloads/"},{"id":264891,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5283/"},{"id":264892,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5283/sir2012-5283.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 15","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Aitkin;Carlton;Cass;Cook;Crow Wing;Itasca;Lake;Pine;St. Louis","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.0,45.5 ], [ -95.0,48.75 ], [ -89.0,48.75 ], [ -89.0,45.5 ], [ -95.0,45.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cffde4b0a4aa5bb0aef9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czuba, Christiana R. cczuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":4555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czuba","given":"Christiana","email":"cczuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":471015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fallon, James D. jfallon@usgs.gov","contributorId":3417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fallon","given":"James","email":"jfallon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":471014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kessler, Erich W. 0000-0002-0869-4743 ekessler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0869-4743","contributorId":2871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kessler","given":"Erich","email":"ekessler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042083,"text":"70042083 - 2012 - Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper calibration update","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-31T14:55:31.904134","indexId":"70042083","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper calibration update","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) collected imagery of the Earth's surface from 1982 to 1993. Although largely overshadowed by Landsat 5 which was launched in 1984, Landsat 4 TM imagery extends the TM-based record of the Earth back to 1982 and also substantially supplements the image archive collected by Landsat 5. To provide a consistent calibration record for the TM instruments, Landsat 4 TM was cross-calibrated to Landsat 5 using nearly simultaneous overpass imagery of pseudo-invariant calibration sites (PICS) in the time period of 1988-1990. To determine if the radiometric gain of Landsat 4 had changed over its lifetime, time series from two PICS locations (a Saharan site known as Libya 4 and a site in southwest North America, commonly referred to as the Sonoran Desert site) were developed. The results indicated that Landsat 4 had been very stable over its lifetime, with no discernible degradation in sensor performance in all reflective bands except band 1. In contrast, band 1 exhibited a 12% decay in responsivity over the lifetime of the instrument. Results from this paper have been implemented at USGS EROS, which enables users of Landsat TM data sets to obtain consistently calibrated data from Landsat 4 and 5 TM as well as Landsat 7 ETM+ instruments.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2011.2171350","usgsCitation":"Helder, D.L., Malla, R., Mettler, C.J., Markham, B.L., and Micijevic, E., 2012, Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper calibration update: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 50, no. 6, p. 2400-2408, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2011.2171350.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2400","endPage":"2408","temporalStart":"1982-01-01","temporalEnd":"1993-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-030741","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50df6c31e4b0dfbe79e6c3c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helder, Dennis L.","contributorId":105613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helder","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malla, Rimy","contributorId":34008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malla","given":"Rimy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mettler, Cory J.","contributorId":45980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mettler","given":"Cory","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Markham, Brian L.","contributorId":90482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Markham","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12721,"text":"NASA GSFC SSAI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Micijevic, Esad 0000-0002-3828-9239 emicijevic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-9239","contributorId":3075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Micijevic","given":"Esad","email":"emicijevic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70042129,"text":"fs20123144 - 2012 - Changing Arctic ecosystems - measuring and forecasting the response of Alaska's terrestrial ecosystem to a warming climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T15:27:53","indexId":"fs20123144","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3144","title":"Changing Arctic ecosystems - measuring and forecasting the response of Alaska's terrestrial ecosystem to a warming climate","docAbstract":"The Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska is a complex landscape of lakes, streams, and wetlands scattered across low relief tundra that is underlain by permafrost. This region of the Arctic has experienced a warming trend over the past three decades, leading to thawing of on-shore permafrost and the disappearance of sea ice at an unprecedented rate. The loss of sea ice has increased ocean wave action, leading to higher rates of erosion and salt water inundation of coastal habitats. Warming temperatures also have advanced the overall phenology of the region, including earlier snowmelt, lake ice thaw, and plant growth. As a result, many migratory species now arrive in the Arctic several days earlier in spring than in the 1970s. Predicted warming trends for the future will continue to alter plant growth, ice thaw, and other basic landscape processes. These changes will undoubtedly result in different responses by wildlife (fish, birds, and mammals) and the food they rely upon (plants, invertebrates, and fish). However, the type of response by different wildlife populations and their habitats-either positively or negatively-remains largely unknown.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123144","usgsCitation":"Pearce, J.M., DeGange, A.R., Flint, P.L., Fondell, T.F., Gustine, D.D., Holland-Bartels, L.E., Hope, A.G., Hupp, J.W., Koch, J.C., Schmutz, J.A., Talbot, S.L., Ward, D.H., and Whalen, M.E., 2012, Changing Arctic ecosystems - measuring and forecasting the response of Alaska's terrestrial ecosystem to a warming climate: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3144, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123144.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3144.jpg"},{"id":264805,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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tdegange@usgs.gov","contributorId":139765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGange","given":"Anthony","email":"tdegange@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fondell, Tom F. tfondell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fondell","given":"Tom","email":"tfondell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gustine, David D. dgustine@usgs.gov","contributorId":3776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustine","given":"David","email":"dgustine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holland-Bartels, Leslie E. lholland-bartels@usgs.gov","contributorId":222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland-Bartels","given":"Leslie","email":"lholland-bartels@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hope, Andrew G. 0000-0003-3814-2891 ahope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-2891","contributorId":4309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hope","given":"Andrew","email":"ahope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Whalen, Mary E. 0000-0003-2820-5158 mwhalen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2820-5158","contributorId":203717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whalen","given":"Mary","email":"mwhalen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70042073,"text":"70042073 - 2012 - Using spatially detailed water-quality data and solute-transport modeling to improve support total maximum daily load development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T10:35:43","indexId":"70042073","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using spatially detailed water-quality data and solute-transport modeling to improve support total maximum daily load development","docAbstract":"Spatially detailed mass-loading studies and solute-transport modeling using OTIS (One-dimensional Transport with Inflow and Storage) demonstrate how natural attenuation and loading from distinct and diffuse sources control stream water quality and affect load reductions predicted in total maximum daily loads (TMDLs). Mass-loading data collected during low-flow from Cement Creek (a low-pH, metal-rich stream because of natural and mining sources, and subject to TMDL requirements) were used to calibrate OTIS and showed spatially variable effects of natural attenuation (instream reactions) and loading from diffuse (groundwater) and distinct sources. OTIS simulations of the possible effects of TMDL-recommended remediation of mine sites showed less improvement to dissolved zinc load and concentration (14% decrease) than did the TMDL (53-63% decrease). The TMDL (1) assumed conservative transport, (2) accounted for loads removed by remediation by subtracting them from total load at the stream mouth, and (3) did not include diffuse-source loads. In OTIS, loads were reduced near their source; the resulting concentration was decreased by natural attenuation and increased by diffuse-source loads during downstream transport. Thus, by not including natural attenuation and loading from diffuse sources, the TMDL overestimated remediation effects at low flow. Use of the techniques presented herein could improve TMDLs by incorporating these processes during TMDL development.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2012.00662.x","usgsCitation":"Walton-Day, K., Runkel, R.L., and Kimball, B.A., 2012, Using spatially detailed water-quality data and solute-transport modeling to improve support total maximum daily load development: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 48, no. 5, p. 949-969, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2012.00662.x.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"949","endPage":"969","ipdsId":"IP-027724","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5650ce4b0a4aa5bb04b66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":68339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041894,"text":"70041894 - 2012 - Evidence for occurrence, persistence, and growth potential of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci in Hawaii’s soil environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T17:02:09","indexId":"70041894","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2728,"text":"Microbes and Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for occurrence, persistence, and growth potential of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci in Hawaii’s soil environments","docAbstract":"<p>High densities of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci are common in freshwaters on Oahu and other Hawaiian Islands. Soil along stream banks has long been suspected as the likely source of these bacteria; however, the extent of their occurrence and distribution in a wide range of soils remained unknown until the current investigation. Soil samples representing the seven major soil associations were collected on the island of Oahu and analyzed for fecal coliforms, <i>E. coli</i>, and enterococci by the most probable number method. Fecal coliforms, <i>E. coli</i>, and enterococci were found in most of the samples analyzed; log mean densities (MPN &plusmn; SE g soil<sup>&minus;1</sup>) were 1.96&plusmn;0.18, <i>n</i>=61; 1.21&plusmn;0.17, <i>n</i>=57; and 2.99&plusmn;0.12, <i>n</i>=62, respectively. Representative, presumptive cultures of <i>E. coli</i> and enterococci collected from the various soils were identified and further speciated using the API scheme; at least six species of <i>Enterococcus</i>, including <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, were identified. In mesocosm studies, <i>E. coli</i> and enterococci increased by 100-fold in 4 days, after mixing sewage-spiked soil (one part) with autoclaved soil (nine parts). <i>E. coli</i> remained metabolically active in the soil and readily responded to nutrients, as evidenced by increased dehydrogenase activity. Collectively, these findings indicate that populations of <i>E. coli</i> and enterococci are part of the natural soil microflora, potentially influencing the quality of nearby water bodies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME11305","usgsCitation":"Byappanahalli, M., Roll, B.M., and Fujioka, R.S., 2012, Evidence for occurrence, persistence, and growth potential of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci in Hawaii’s soil environments: Microbes and Environments, v. 27, no. 2, p. 164-170, https://doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME11305.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"170","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029083","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474188,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.me11305","text":"Publisher Index 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M.","contributorId":29287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roll","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fujioka, Roger S.","contributorId":72679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujioka","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041971,"text":"70041971 - 2012 - Validation of ground-motion simulations for historical events using SDoF systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-27T11:34:11","indexId":"70041971","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validation of ground-motion simulations for historical events using SDoF systems","docAbstract":"The study presented in this paper is among the first in a series of studies toward the engineering validation of the hybrid broadband ground‐motion simulation methodology by Graves and Pitarka (2010). This paper provides a statistical comparison between seismic demands of single degree of freedom (SDoF) systems subjected to past events using simulations and actual recordings. A number of SDoF systems are selected considering the following: (1) 16 oscillation periods between 0.1 and 6 s; (2) elastic case and four nonlinearity levels, from mildly inelastic to severely inelastic systems; and (3) two hysteretic behaviors, in particular, nondegrading–nonevolutionary and degrading–evolutionary. Demand spectra are derived in terms of peak and cyclic response, as well as their statistics for four historical earthquakes: 1979 <i>M<sub>w</sub></i> 6.5 Imperial Valley, 1989 <i>M<sub>w</sub></i> 6.8 Loma Prieta, 1992 <i>M<sub>w</sub></i> 7.2 Landers, and 1994 <i>M<sub>w</sub></i> 6.7 Northridge.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120120018","usgsCitation":"Galasso, C., Zareian, F., Iervolino, I., and Graves, R., 2012, Validation of ground-motion simulations for historical events using SDoF systems: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 102, no. 6, p. 2727-2740, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120018.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2727","endPage":"2740","ipdsId":"IP-034820","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264818,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264817,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120120018"}],"volume":"102","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e565c2e4b0a4aa5bb04d19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galasso, C.","contributorId":103941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galasso","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zareian, F.","contributorId":32794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zareian","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iervolino, I.","contributorId":64968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iervolino","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graves, R.W. 0000-0001-9758-453X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-453X","contributorId":77691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042153,"text":"sir20125264 - 2012 - Availability and distribution of low flow in Anahola Stream, Kauaʻi, Hawaiʻi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-27T15:47:41","indexId":"sir20125264","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5264","title":"Availability and distribution of low flow in Anahola Stream, Kauaʻi, Hawaiʻi","docAbstract":"Anahola Stream is a perennial stream in northeast Kauaʻi, Hawaiʻi, that supports agricultural, domestic, and cultural uses within its drainage basin. Beginning in the late 19th century, Anahola streamflow was diverted by Makee Sugar Company at altitudes of 840 feet (upper intake) and 280 feet (lower intake) for irrigating sugarcane in the Keālia area. When sugarcane cultivation in the Keālia area ceased in 1988, part of the Makee Sugar Company’s surface-water collection system (Makee diversion system) in the Anahola drainage basin was abandoned. In an effort to better manage available surface-water resources, the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Hawaiian Home Lands is considering using the existing ditches in the Anahola Stream drainage basin to provide irrigation water for Native Hawaiian farmers in the area. To provide information needed for successful management of the surface-water resources, the U.S. Geological Survey investigated the availability and distribution of natural low flow in Anahola Stream and also collected low-flow data in Goldfish Stream, a stream that discharges into Kaneha Reservoir, which served as a major collection point for the Makee diversion system. Biological surveys of Anahola Stream were conducted as part of a study to determine the distribution of native and nonnative aquatic stream fauna. Results of the biological surveys indicated the presence of the following native aquatic species in Anahola Stream: ʻoʻopu ʻakupa (Sandwich Island sleeper) and ʻoʻopu naniha (Tear-drop goby) in the lower stream reaches surveyed; and ʻoʻopu nākea (Pacific river goby), ʻoʻopu nōpili (Stimpson’s goby), and ʻōpae kalaʻole (Mountain shrimp) in the middle and upper stream reaches surveyed. Nonnative aquatic species were found in all of the surveyed stream reaches along Anahola Stream. The availability and distribution of natural low flow were determined using a combination of discharge measurements made from February 2011 to May 2012 at low-flow partial-record and seepage-run stations established at locations of interest along study-area streams. Upstream of the upper intake, the estimated natural (undiverted) median flow in Anahola Stream is 2.7 million gallons per day, and the flow is expected to be greater than or equal to 0.97 million gallons per day 95 percent of the time. About 0.7 mile upstream of the lower intake and downstream from the confluence with Keaʻoʻopu Stream, the estimated natural (undiverted) median flow in Anahola Stream is 6.3 million gallons per day, and the flow is expected to be greater than or equal to 2.7 million gallons per day 95 percent of the time. In Goldfish Stream, about 0.4 mile upstream from the point of discharge into Kaneha Reservoir, the estimated natural median flow is 0.54 million gallons per day, and the flow is expected to be greater than or equal to 0.23 million gallons per day 95 percent of the time. The discharge estimates are representative of low-flow conditions in the study-area streams, and they are applicable to the base period (water years 1961–2011) over which they have been computed. The distribution of natural low flow in Anahola Stream was characterized through data collected during wet- and dry-season seepage runs. Seepage-run results show that Anahola Stream was generally a gaining stream under natural low-flow conditions. During the wet-season seepage run, Anahola Stream at the station located upstream of tributary Kaʻalula Stream had more than five times the flow that was measured upstream from the upper intake. The estimated total gain (including tributary inflow) in the 6.1-mile seepage-run reach was 6.97 million gallons per day; about 42 percent of that gain was groundwater discharge to the main channel of Anahola Stream. During the dry-season seepage run, about 34 percent of the estimated total gain of 3.93 million gallons per day in the same seepage-run reach was groundwater discharge to the main channel of Anahola Stream. A 15-percent seepage loss was estimated in a 0.3-mile reach downstream from the confluence of Anahola and Keaʻoʻopu Streams. The report summarizes scenarios that describe (1) surface-water availability under regulated conditions of Anahola Stream if the upper and lower intakes are restored in the future; and (2) amount of flow available for agricultural use at the upper intake under a variety of potential instream-flow standards that may be established by the State of Hawaiʻi for the protection of instream uses.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125264","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Hawaiian Home Lands","usgsCitation":"Cheng, C.L., and Wolff, R.H., 2012, Availability and distribution of low flow in Anahola Stream, Kauaʻi, Hawaiʻi: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5264, vi, 32 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125264.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.)","startPage":"i","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5264.jpg"},{"id":264842,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5264/"},{"id":264843,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5264/pdf/sir20125264.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kauai;Anahola Stream","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -159.411332,22.135045 ], [ -159.411332,22.15004 ], [ -159.313228,22.15004 ], [ -159.313228,22.135045 ], [ -159.411332,22.135045 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfe4e4b0a4aa5bb0ae88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, Chui Ling 0000-0003-2396-2571 ccheng@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2396-2571","contributorId":3926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Chui","email":"ccheng@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ling","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolff, Reuben H.","contributorId":35020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolff","given":"Reuben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70040853,"text":"70040853 - 2012 - USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report – April 2012 to June 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T14:46:46.15545","indexId":"70040853","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3769,"text":"Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report – April 2012 to June 2012","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center Field Investigations Team, 2012, USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report – April 2012 to June 2012: Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter, no. October 2012, p. 14-17.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-041253","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264836,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264837,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.wildlifedisease.org/PersonifyEbusiness/Resources/Publications/Newsletter/Archive"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,18.9 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -66.9,71.4 ], [ -66.9,18.9 ], [ 172.5,18.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","issue":"October 2012","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e55c2ce4b0a4aa5bb036ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center Field Investigations Team","contributorId":127968,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center Field Investigations Team","id":535390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70042144,"text":"ofr20121226 - 2012 - Thermodynamic method for generating random stress distributions on an earthquake fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-27T12:01:54","indexId":"ofr20121226","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1226","title":"Thermodynamic method for generating random stress distributions on an earthquake fault","docAbstract":"This report presents a new method for generating random stress distributions on an earthquake fault, suitable for use as initial conditions in a dynamic rupture simulation. The method employs concepts from thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. A pattern of fault slip is considered to be analogous to a micro-state of a thermodynamic system. The energy of the micro-state is taken to be the elastic energy stored in the surrounding medium. Then, the Boltzmann distribution gives the probability of a given pattern of fault slip and stress. We show how to decompose the system into independent degrees of freedom, which makes it computationally feasible to select a random state. However, due to the equipartition theorem, straightforward application of the Boltzmann distribution leads to a divergence which predicts infinite stress. To avoid equipartition, we show that the finite strength of the fault acts to restrict the possible states of the system. By analyzing a set of earthquake scaling relations, we derive a new formula for the expected power spectral density of the stress distribution, which allows us to construct a computer algorithm free of infinities. We then present a new technique for controlling the extent of the rupture by generating a random stress distribution thousands of times larger than the fault surface, and selecting a portion which, by chance, has a positive stress perturbation of the desired size. Finally, we present a new two-stage nucleation method that combines a small zone of forced rupture with a larger zone of reduced fracture energy.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121226","usgsCitation":"Barall, M., and Harris, R.A., 2012, Thermodynamic method for generating random stress distributions on an earthquake fault: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1226, Report: 112 p.; Computer Code ZIP; Sample Data ZIP, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121226.","productDescription":"Report: 112 p.; Computer Code ZIP; Sample Data ZIP","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1226.jpg"},{"id":264826,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1226/of2012-1226_computer_code.zip"},{"id":264827,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1226/of2012-1226_sample_data.zip"},{"id":264823,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1226/"},{"id":264824,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1226/pdf/of2012-1226.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e54d86e4b0a4aa5bb012e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barall, Michael mbarall@usgs.gov","contributorId":2595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barall","given":"Michael","email":"mbarall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, Ruth A. 0000-0002-9247-0768 harris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Ruth","email":"harris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175343,"text":"70175343 - 2012 - Reversion to virulence and efficacy of an attenuated canarypox vaccine in Hawai'i 'Amakihi (<i>Hemignathus Virens</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:54:55","indexId":"70175343","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-26T18:30:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2514,"text":"Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reversion to virulence and efficacy of an attenuated canarypox vaccine in Hawai'i 'Amakihi (<i>Hemignathus Virens</i>)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Vaccines may be effective tools for protecting small populations of highly susceptible endangered, captive-reared, or translocated Hawaiian honeycreepers from introduced&nbsp;</span><i>Avipoxvirus</i><span>, but their efficacy has not been evaluated. An attenuated Canarypox vaccine that is genetically similar to one of two passerine&nbsp;</span><i>Avipoxvirus</i><span>&nbsp;isolates from Hawai&lsquo;i and distinct from Fowlpox was tested to evaluate whether Hawai&lsquo;i &lsquo;Amakihi (</span><i><i>Hemignathus virens</i></i><span>) can be protected from wild isolates of&nbsp;</span><i>Avipoxvirus</i><span>&nbsp;from the Hawaiian Islands. Thirty-one (31) Hawai&lsquo;i &lsquo;Amakihi were collected from high-elevation habitats on Mauna Kea Volcano, where pox transmission is rare, and randomly divided into two groups. One group was vaccinated with Poximune C&reg;, whereas the other group received a sham vaccination with sterile water. Four of 15 (27%) vaccinated birds developed life-threatening disseminated lesions or lesions of unusually long duration, whereas one bird never developed a vaccine-associated lesion or &ldquo;take.&rdquo; After vaccine lesions healed, vaccinated birds were randomly divided into three groups of five and challenged with either a wild isolate of Fowlpox (FP) from Hawai&lsquo;i, a Hawai&lsquo;i &lsquo;Amakihi isolate of a Canarypox-like virus (PV1), or a Hawai&lsquo;i &lsquo;Amakihi isolate of a related, but distinct, passerine&nbsp;</span><i>Avipoxvirus</i><span>&nbsp;(PV2). Similarly, three random groups of five unvaccinated &lsquo;Amakihi were challenged with the same virus isolates. Vaccinated and unvaccinated &lsquo;Amakihi challenged with FP had transient infections with no clinical signs of infection. Mortality in vaccinated &lsquo;Amakihi challenged with PV1 and PV2 ranged from 0% (0/5) for PV1 to 60% (3/5) for PV2. Mortality in unvaccinated &lsquo;Amakihi ranged from 40% (2/5) for PV1 to 100% (5/5) for PV2. Although the vaccine provided some protection against PV1, both potential for vaccine reversion and low efficacy against PV2 preclude its use in captive or wild honeycreepers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians","doi":"10.1638/2011-0196R1.1","usgsCitation":"Atkinson, C.T., Wiegand, K.C., Triglia, D., and Jarvi, S.I., 2012, Reversion to virulence and efficacy of an attenuated canarypox vaccine in Hawai'i 'Amakihi (<i>Hemignathus Virens</i>): Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. Vol. 43, no. No. 4, p. 808-819, https://doi.org/10.1638/2011-0196R1.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"808","endPage":"819","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","volume":"Vol. 43","issue":"No. 4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a5b8d4e4b0ebae89b789fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atkinson, Carter T. 0000-0002-4232-5335 catkinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-5335","contributorId":1124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Carter","email":"catkinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiegand, Kimberly C.","contributorId":94142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiegand","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Triglia, Dennis","contributorId":77780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triglia","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jarvi, Susan I.","contributorId":47748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarvi","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042150,"text":"70042150 - 2012 - USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report – January 2012 to March 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T14:49:11.801692","indexId":"70042150","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3769,"text":"Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report – January 2012 to March 2012","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center Field Investigations Team, 2012, USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report – January 2012 to March 2012: Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter, no. 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,{"id":70041940,"text":"70041940 - 2012 - Timing of large earthquakes during the past 500 years along the Santa Cruz Mountains segment of the San Andreas fault at Mill Canyon, near Watsonville, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-26T15:39:50","indexId":"70041940","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timing of large earthquakes during the past 500 years along the Santa Cruz Mountains segment of the San Andreas fault at Mill Canyon, near Watsonville, California","docAbstract":"A paleoseismic investigation across the Santa Cruz Mountains section of the San Andreas fault at Mill Canyon indicates that four surface‐rupturing earthquakes have occurred there during the past ~500  years. At this site, right‐lateral fault slip has moved a low shutter ridge across the mouth of the canyon, ponding latest Holocene sediments. These alluvial deposits are deformed along a narrow zone of faulting. There is excellent evidence for a 1906 (M 7.8) and three earlier earthquakes consisting of well‐developed fissures, scarps, and colluvial wedges. Deformation resulting from the earlier earthquakes is comparable to that from 1906, suggesting they also were large‐magnitude events. The earthquake prior to 1906 occurred either about A.D. 1750 (1711–1770) or A.D. 1855 (1789–1904), depending on assumptions incorporated into two alternative OxCal models. If the later age range is correct, then the earthquake may have been a historical early‐to‐mid‐nineteenth‐century earthquake, possibly the A.D. 1838 earthquake. Both models are viable, and there is no way to select one over the other with the available data. Two earlier earthquakes occurred about A.D. 1690 (1660–1720) and A.D. 1522 (1454–1605). Using OxCal, recalculation of the age of the reported penultimate earthquake reported from the Grizzly Flat site, located about 10 km northwest of Mill Canyon, indicates it occurred about A.D. 1105–1545, earlier than any of the past three earthquakes, and possibly correlates to the fourth earthquake at Mill Canyon.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120110161","usgsCitation":"Fumal, T.E., 2012, Timing of large earthquakes during the past 500 years along the Santa Cruz Mountains segment of the San Andreas fault at Mill Canyon, near Watsonville, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 102, no. 3, p. 1099-1119, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110161.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1099","endPage":"1119","ipdsId":"IP-026483","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264800,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120110161"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Watsonville","otherGeospatial":"Mill Canyon;San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.69,36.94 ], [ -121.69,36.96 ], [ -121.67,36.96 ], [ -121.67,36.94 ], [ -121.69,36.94 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"102","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e55067e4b0a4aa5bb0195e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fumal, Thomas E.","contributorId":67882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fumal","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70041991,"text":"70041991 - 2012 - Thermal and hydrologic suitability of Lake Erie and its major tributaries for spawning of Asian carps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-26T14:35:57","indexId":"70041991","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal and hydrologic suitability of Lake Erie and its major tributaries for spawning of Asian carps","docAbstract":"Bighead carp <i>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis</i>, silver carp <i>H. molitrix</i>, and grass carp <i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i> (hereafter Asian carps) have expanded throughout the Mississippi River basin and threaten to invade Lakes Michigan and Erie. Adult bighead carp and grass carp have been captured in Lake Erie, but self-sustaining populations probably do not exist. We examined thermal conditions within Lake Erie to determine if Asian carps would mature, and to estimate time of year when fish would reach spawning condition. We also examined whether thermal and hydrologic conditions in the largest tributaries to western and central Lake Erie were suitable for spawning of Asian carps. We used length of undammed river, predicted summer temperatures, and predicted water velocity during flood events to determine whether sufficient lengths of river are available for spawning of Asian carps. Most rivers we examined have at least 100 km of passable river and summer temperatures suitable (> 21 C) for rapid incubation of eggs of Asian carps. Predicted water velocity and temperature were sufficient to ensure that incubating eggs, which drift in the water column, would hatch before reaching Lake Erie for most flood events in most rivers if spawned far enough upstream. The Maumee, Sandusky, and Grand Rivers were predicted to be the most likely to support spawning of Asian carps. The Black, Huron, Portage, and Vermilion Rivers were predicted to be less suitable. The weight of the evidence suggests that the largest western and central Lake Erie tributaries are thermally and hydrologically suitable to support spawning of Asian carps.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2011.11.015","usgsCitation":"Kocovsky, P., Chapman, D., and McKenna, J., 2012, Thermal and hydrologic suitability of Lake Erie and its major tributaries for spawning of Asian carps: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 38, no. 1, p. 159-166, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2011.11.015.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"166","ipdsId":"IP-033299","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264791,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2011.11.015"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.48,41.4 ], [ -83.48,43.26 ], [ -78.85,43.26 ], [ -78.85,41.4 ], [ -83.48,41.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e54cf0e4b0a4aa5bb0114e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick M.","contributorId":89381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKenna, James E.","contributorId":9217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042149,"text":"70042149 - 2012 - USGS National Wildlife Health Center mortality report October-December 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-06T11:16:29","indexId":"70042149","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3769,"text":"Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS National Wildlife Health Center mortality report October-December 2011","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Bodenstein, B., 2012, USGS National Wildlife Health Center mortality report October-December 2011: Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter, v. 2012, no. 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,{"id":70041910,"text":"70041910 - 2012 - Wave-induced mass transport affects daily <i>Escherichia coli</i> fluctuations in nearshore water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-27T12:11:22","indexId":"70041910","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wave-induced mass transport affects daily <i>Escherichia coli</i> fluctuations in nearshore water","docAbstract":"Characterization of diel variability of fecal indicator bacteria concentration in nearshore waters is of particular importance for development of water sampling standards and protection of public health. Significant nighttime increase in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) concentration in beach water, previously observed at marine sites, has also been identified in summer 2000 from fixed locations in waist- and knee-deep waters at Chicago 63rd Street Beach, an embayed, tideless, freshwater beach with low currents at night (approximately 0.015 m s<sup>–1</sup>). A theoretical model using wave-induced mass transport velocity for advection was developed to assess the contribution of surface waves to the observed nighttime <i>E. coli</i> replenishment in the nearshore water. Using average wave conditions for the summer season of year 2000, the model predicted an amount of <i>E. coli</i> transported from water of intermediate depth, where sediment resuspension occurred intermittently, that would be sufficient to have elevated <i>E. coli</i> concentration in the surf and swash zones as observed. The nighttime replenishment of <i>E. coli</i> in the surf and swash zones revealed here is an important phase in the cycle of diel variations of <i>E. coli</i> concentration in nearshore water. According to previous findings in Ge et al. (Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44, 6731–6737), enhanced current circulation in the embayment during the day tends to displace and deposit material offshore, which partially sets up the system by the early evening for a new period of nighttime onshore movement. This wave-induced mass transport effect, although facilitating a significant base supply of material shoreward, can be perturbed or significantly influenced by high currents (orders of magnitude larger than a typical wave-induced mass transport velocity), current-induced turbulence, and tidal forcing.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1021/es203847n","usgsCitation":"Ge, Z., Whitman, R.L., Nevers, M.B., and Phanikumar, M., 2012, Wave-induced mass transport affects daily <i>Escherichia coli</i> fluctuations in nearshore water: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 4, p. 2204-2211, https://doi.org/10.1021/es203847n.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2204","endPage":"2211","ipdsId":"IP-034924","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264829,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264825,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es203847n"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Chicago","otherGeospatial":"63rd Street Beach","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.5765811,41.781041 ], [ -87.5765811,41.7844751 ], [ -87.5686903,41.7844751 ], [ -87.5686903,41.781041 ], [ -87.5765811,41.781041 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e583c9e4b0a4aa5bb096de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ge, Zhongfu","contributorId":29709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ge","given":"Zhongfu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, Richard L. rwhitman@usgs.gov","contributorId":542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"Richard","email":"rwhitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nevers, Meredith B.","contributorId":91803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"Meredith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phanikumar, Mantha S.","contributorId":17888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phanikumar","given":"Mantha S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042017,"text":"70042017 - 2012 - Trophic transfer efficiency of methylmercury and inorganic mercury to lake trout <i>Salvelinus namaycush</i> from its prey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-27T09:04:35","indexId":"70042017","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trophic transfer efficiency of methylmercury and inorganic mercury to lake trout <i>Salvelinus namaycush</i> from its prey","docAbstract":"Based on a laboratory experiment, we estimated the net trophic transfer efficiency of methylmercury to lake trout <i>Salvelinus namaycush</i> from its prey to be equal to 76.6 %. Under the assumption that gross trophic transfer efficiency of methylmercury to lake trout from its prey was equal to 80 %, we estimated that the rate at which lake trout eliminated methylmercury was 0.000244 day<sup>−1</sup>. Our laboratory estimate of methylmercury elimination rate was 5.5 times lower than the value predicted by a published regression equation developed from estimates of methylmercury elimination rates for fish available from the literature. Thus, our results, in conjunction with other recent findings, suggested that methylmercury elimination rates for fish have been overestimated in previous studies. In addition, based on our laboratory experiment, we estimated that the net trophic transfer efficiency of inorganic mercury to lake trout from its prey was 63.5 %. The lower net trophic transfer efficiency for inorganic mercury compared with that for methylmercury was partly attributable to the greater elimination rate for inorganic mercury. We also found that the efficiency with which lake trout retained either methylmercury or inorganic mercury from their food did not appear to be significantly affected by the degree of their swimming activity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00244-012-9767-2","usgsCitation":"Madenijian, C., David, S., and Krabbenhoft, D., 2012, Trophic transfer efficiency of methylmercury and inorganic mercury to lake trout <i>Salvelinus namaycush</i> from its prey: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 63, no. 2, p. 262-269, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-012-9767-2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"262","endPage":"269","ipdsId":"IP-037160","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264804,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-012-9767-2"}],"volume":"63","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e557e7e4b0a4aa5bb02c02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenijian, C.P.","contributorId":49675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenijian","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"David, S.R.","contributorId":79327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, D. P. 0000-0003-1964-5020","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":90765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"D. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042089,"text":"70042089 - 2012 - Characterizing invertebrate traits in wadeable streams of the contiguous US: differences among ecoregions and land uses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-25T17:04:40","indexId":"70042089","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing invertebrate traits in wadeable streams of the contiguous US: differences among ecoregions and land uses","docAbstract":"Much is known about invertebrate community traits in basins across Europe, but no comprehensive description of traits exists for the continental US. Little is known about the trait composition of invertebrates in reference or least-disturbed basins of the US, how trait composition varies among ecoregions, or how consistently traits respond to land use. These elements are essential to development of trait-based tools for conservation and assessment of biological integrity. We compared invertebrate traits of least-disturbed basins among ecoregions of the US. Benthic invertebrate data (presence/absence) from 1987 basins were translated into 56 binary traits (e.g., bivoltine, clinger). Basins were classified as least-disturbed, agricultural, or urban, and grouped into 9 ecoregions. Landuse, climatic, physiographic, and hydrologic data were used to describe ecoregions and to evaluate least-disturbed basin quality. The unique habitat template of each ecoregion selected for trait compositions in least-disturbed basins that differed among ecoregions. Among the traits examined, life-history (e.g., voltinism, development) and ecological traits (e.g., rheophily, thermal preference) differed most among ecoregions. Agricultural and urban land uses selected for trait compositions that differed from least-disturbed, but the extent of the differences depended on ecoregion and quality of the least-disturbed basins. No trait compositions unique to specific land uses were found. However, a <i>disturbance syndrome</i> was observed in that the magnitude and direction of trait responses to urban and agricultural land uses were consistent among ecoregions. Each ecoregion had a unique trait composition, but trait compositions could be used to aggregate ecoregions into 3 broad regions: Western Mountains, Plains and Lowlands, and Eastern Highlands. Our results indicate that large-scale trait-based assessment tools for the US will require calibration to account for regional differences in the trait composition of basins and in the quality of least-disturbed basins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Freshwater Science","publisherLocation":"Waco, TX","doi":"10.1899/11-150.1","usgsCitation":"Zuellig, R.E., and Schmidt, T., 2012, Characterizing invertebrate traits in wadeable streams of the contiguous US: differences among ecoregions and land uses: Freshwater Science, v. 31, no. 4, p. 1042-1056, https://doi.org/10.1899/11-150.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1042","endPage":"1056","ipdsId":"IP-029576","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1899/11-150.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":264774,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264772,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/11-150.1"},{"id":264773,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.1899/11-150.1"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfe7e4b0a4aa5bb0ae9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":1300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis S.","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70042003,"text":"70042003 - 2012 - Absence of fractionation of mercury isotopes during trophic transfer of methylmercury to freshwater fish in captivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-31T09:23:57","indexId":"70042003","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Absence of fractionation of mercury isotopes during trophic transfer of methylmercury to freshwater fish in captivity","docAbstract":"We performed two controlled experiments to determine the amount of mass-dependent and mass-independent fractionation (MDF and MIF) of methylmercury (MeHg) during trophic transfer into fish. In experiment 1, juvenile yellow perch (<i>Perca flavescens</i>) were raised in captivity on commercial food pellets and then their diet was either maintained on unamended food pellets (0.1 μg/g MeHg) or was switched to food pellets with 1.0 μg/g or 4.0 μg/g of added MeHg, for a period of 2 months. The difference in δ<sup>202</sup>Hg (MDF) and Δ<sup>199</sup>Hg (MIF) between fish tissues and food pellets with added MeHg was within the analytical uncertainty (δ<sup>202</sup>Hg, 0.07 ‰; Δ<sup>199</sup>Hg, 0.06 ‰), indicating no isotope fractionation. In experiment 2, lake trout (<i>Salvelinus namaycush</i>) were raised in captivity on food pellets and then shifted to a diet of bloater (<i>Coregonus hoyi</i>) for 6 months. The δ<sup>202</sup>Hg and Δ<sup>199</sup>Hg of the lake trout equaled the isotopic composition of the bloater after 6 months, reflecting reequilibration of the Hg isotopic composition of the fish to new food sources and a lack of isotope fractionation during trophic transfer. We suggest that the stable Hg isotope ratios in fish can be used to trace environmental sources of Hg in aquatic ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1021/es300794q","usgsCitation":"Kwon, S.Y., Blum, J.D., Carvan, M.J., Basu, N., Head, J., Madenjian, C.P., and David, S.R., 2012, Absence of fractionation of mercury isotopes during trophic transfer of methylmercury to freshwater fish in captivity: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 14, p. 7527-7534, https://doi.org/10.1021/es300794q.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"7527","endPage":"7534","ipdsId":"IP-038280","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474191,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1021/es300794q","text":"External Repository"},{"id":264769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264768,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es300794q"}],"volume":"46","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfdae4b0a4aa5bb0ae5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kwon, Sae Yun","contributorId":106399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwon","given":"Sae","email":"","middleInitial":"Yun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blum, Joel D.","contributorId":83657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carvan, Michael J.","contributorId":100712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carvan","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Basu, Niladri","contributorId":60085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Basu","given":"Niladri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Head, Jessica A.","contributorId":28503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Head","given":"Jessica A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"David, Solomon R. sdavid@usgs.gov","contributorId":92942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"Solomon","email":"sdavid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70042060,"text":"70042060 - 2012 - A vectorial capacity product to monitor changing malaria transmission potential in epidemic regions of Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-25T12:40:33","indexId":"70042060","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2488,"text":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A vectorial capacity product to monitor changing malaria transmission potential in epidemic regions of Africa","docAbstract":"Rainfall and temperature are two of the major factors triggering malaria epidemics in warm semi-arid (desert-fringe) and high altitude (highland-fringe) epidemic risk areas. The ability of the mosquitoes to transmit <i>Plasmodium</i> spp. is dependent upon a series of biological features generally referred to as vectorial capacity. In this study, the vectorial capacity model (VCAP) was expanded to include the influence of rainfall and temperature variables on malaria transmission potential. Data from two remote sensing products were used to monitor rainfall and temperature and were integrated into the VCAP model. The expanded model was tested in Eritrea and Madagascar to check the viability of the approach. The analysis of VCAP in relation to rainfall, temperature and malaria incidence data in these regions shows that the expanded VCAP correctly tracks the risk of malaria both in regions where rainfall is the limiting factor and in regions where temperature is the limiting factor. The VCAP maps are currently offered as an experimental resource for testing within Malaria Early Warning applications in epidemic prone regions of sub-Saharan Africa. User feedback is currently being collected in preparation for further evaluation and refinement of the VCAP model.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","publisherLocation":"Cairo, Egypt","doi":"10.1155/2012/595948","usgsCitation":"Ceccato, P., Vancutsem, C., Klaver, R., Rowland, J., and Connor, S.J., 2012, A vectorial capacity product to monitor changing malaria transmission potential in epidemic regions of Africa: Journal of Tropical Medicine, v. 2012, p. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/595948.","productDescription":"Article ID 595948: 6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-033377","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/595948","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":264765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264763,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/595948"},{"id":264764,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jtm/2012/595948.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Africa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -26.6,37.5 ], [ -26.6,38.0 ], [ 60.6,38.0 ], [ 60.6,37.5 ], [ -26.6,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2012","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfd9e4b0a4aa5bb0ae58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ceccato, Pietro","contributorId":64126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ceccato","given":"Pietro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vancutsem, Christelle","contributorId":71085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vancutsem","given":"Christelle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klaver, Robert 0000-0002-3263-9701","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":66148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rowland, James 0000-0003-4837-3511 rowland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4837-3511","contributorId":3108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"James","email":"rowland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Connor, Stephen J.","contributorId":104370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connor","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041905,"text":"70041905 - 2012 - Thiamine status of rainbow smelt (<i>Osmerus mordax</i>) eggs in the Great Lakes, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-26T16:20:23","indexId":"70041905","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thiamine status of rainbow smelt (<i>Osmerus mordax</i>) eggs in the Great Lakes, USA","docAbstract":"During spring 2006–2009, eggs were collected for analysis of total thiamine from gravid rainbow smelt (<i>Osmerus mordax</i>) captured in each of the Great Lakes and two other waters as references for comparison. Mean standard length (mm ± standard error) of gravid females significantly differed between sample waters, with the Atlantic Ocean population being the longest (189 ± 12.3 mm) and Lake Michigan population the shortest (122 ± 0.3 mm). Mean thiamine concentrations (nmol/g ± standard error) for single-year samples for Lake Huron, Lake Michigan, and Little Clear Pond (New York) were 9.9 ± 0.8, 3.9 ± 0.7, and 8.1 ± 2.3 nmol/g, respectively. Thiamine concentrations for multiple-year samples ranged from 1.1 to 15.6 for Lake Ontario, from 2.6 to 3.3 for Lake Erie, from 5.0 to 9.9 for Lake Superior, and from 10.9 to 13.3 for the Atlantic Ocean (Fore River). Although highly variable within populations and across years, thiamine concentrations in most spawning adults appeared to be adequate in all the waters for the years sampled except for 2006 and 2009 in Lake Ontario and 2009 in Lake Erie.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2011.603204","usgsCitation":"Chalupnicki, M., Ketola, H.G., Zehfus, M.H., Crosswait, J.R., and Rinchard, J., 2012, Thiamine status of rainbow smelt (<i>Osmerus mordax</i>) eggs in the Great Lakes, USA: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 27, no. 1, p. 31-39, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2011.603204.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"39","ipdsId":"IP-028489","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474192,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2011.603204","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":264797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264796,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2011.603204"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.89,41.31 ], [ -92.89,48.29 ], [ -75.91,48.29 ], [ -75.91,41.31 ], [ -92.89,41.31 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e54dd3e4b0a4aa5bb01382","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chalupnicki, Marc A. 0000-0002-3792-9345","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3792-9345","contributorId":11033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalupnicki","given":"Marc A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ketola, H. George 0000-0002-7260-5602 gketola@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-5602","contributorId":2664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketola","given":"H.","email":"gketola@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zehfus, Micheal H.","contributorId":95775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zehfus","given":"Micheal","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crosswait, Jonathan R.","contributorId":12756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosswait","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rinchard, Jacques","contributorId":58161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinchard","given":"Jacques","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70042005,"text":"70042005 - 2012 - Competitive Interactions of Garlic Mustard (<i>Alliaria petiolata</i>) and Damesrocket (<i>Hesperis matronalis</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-25T17:36:10","indexId":"70042005","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2100,"text":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Competitive Interactions of Garlic Mustard (<i>Alliaria petiolata</i>) and Damesrocket (<i>Hesperis matronalis</i>)","docAbstract":"Competitive interactions between native plants and nonnative, invasive plant species have been extensively studied; however, within degraded landscapes, the effect of interspecific interactions among invasive plants is less explored. We investigated a competitive interaction between two sympatric, invasive mustard species that have similar life history strategies and growth forms: garlic mustard and damesrocket. Greenhouse experiments using a full range of reciprocal density ratios were conducted to investigate interspecific competition. Garlic mustard had a negative effect on the final biomass, number of leaves, and relative growth rate in height of damesrocket. Survival of damesrocket was not negatively affected by interspecific competition with garlic mustard; however, garlic mustard showed higher mortality because of intraspecific competition. These results indicated that although garlic mustard has been observed to be the dominant species in this landscape, it may not completely outcompete damesrocket in all situations. Studies of invasive species in competition are important in degraded landscapes because this is the common situation in many natural areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Weed Science Society of America","publisherLocation":"http://www.wssa.net/","doi":"10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00025.1","usgsCitation":"Leicht-Young, S.A., Pavlovic, N.B., and Adams, J.V., 2012, Competitive Interactions of Garlic Mustard (<i>Alliaria petiolata</i>) and Damesrocket (<i>Hesperis matronalis</i>): Invasive Plant Science and Management, v. 5, no. 1, p. 27-36, https://doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00025.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"36","ipdsId":"IP-028373","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264775,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00025.1"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfece4b0a4aa5bb0aead","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leicht-Young, Stacey A.","contributorId":80506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leicht-Young","given":"Stacey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavlovic, Noel B. 0000-0002-2335-2274 npavlovic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2335-2274","contributorId":1976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlovic","given":"Noel","email":"npavlovic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041992,"text":"70041992 - 2012 - Diel feeding periodicity of <i>Ephemera simulans</i> nymphs in summer and winter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-25T17:35:34","indexId":"70041992","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel feeding periodicity of <i>Ephemera simulans</i> nymphs in summer and winter","docAbstract":"We examined diel feeding periodicity of <i>Ephemera simulans</i> nymphs during summer and winter in a third-order stream in central New York. A total of 245 nymphs were collected at 4-h intervals over two 24 h periods and were immediately preserved in 80% ethanol. In the laboratory, we weighed each nymph and its digestive tract. The ratio of wet weight of the digestive tract to the total body weight at each 4-h interval was used to determine feeding periodicity. Diel feeding periodicity followed a similar pattern in summer and winter and was significantly higher at 08:00 hours. Feeding periodicity of <i>E. simulans</i> in Labrador Creek is asynchronous with the two most abundant fish species in the stream and may reflect predator avoidance behavior that has been shown for other mayfly species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Group","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2012.659221","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., Ruggirello, J.E., and Nack, C.C., 2012, Diel feeding periodicity of <i>Ephemera simulans</i> nymphs in summer and winter: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 27, no. 2, p. 305-308, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2012.659221.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"308","ipdsId":"IP-034711","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264778,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264777,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2012.659221"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Labrador Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.8,40.5 ], [ -79.8,45.0 ], [ -71.73,45.0 ], [ -71.73,40.5 ], [ -79.8,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cff0e4b0a4aa5bb0aebf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, James H. 0000-0002-5619-3871 jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruggirello, Jack E.","contributorId":30526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggirello","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nack, Christopher C.","contributorId":66137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nack","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}