The Mekong River is one of the most biologically diverse rivers in the world, and it supports the most productive freshwater fisheries in the world. Millions of people in the Lower Mekong River Basin (LMB) countries of the Union of Myanmar (Burma), Lao People’s Democratic Republic, the Kingdom of Thailand, the Kingdom of Cambodia, and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam rely on the fisheries of the basin to provide a source of protein. The Mekong Fish Network Workshop was convened in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, in February 2012 to discuss the potential for coordinating fisheries monitoring among nations and the utility of establishing standard methods for short- and long-term monitoring and data sharing throughout the LMB. The concept for this network developed out of a frequently cited need for fisheries researchers in the LMB to share their knowledge with other scientists and decisionmakers. A fish monitoring network could be a valuable forum for researchers to exchange ideas, store data, or access general information regarding fisheries studies in the LMB region. At the workshop, representatives from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and universities, as well as participating foreign technical experts, cited a great need for more international cooperation and technical support among them. Given the limited staff and resources of many institutions in the LMB, the success of the proposed network would depend on whether it could offer tools that would provide benefits to network participants. A potential tool discussed at the workshop was a user-friendly, Web-accessible portal and database that could help streamline data entry and storage at the institutional level, as well as facilitate communication and data sharing among institutions. The workshop provided a consensus to establish pilot standardized data collection and database efforts that will be further reviewed by the workshop participants. Overall, workshop participants agreed that this is the type of support that is greatly needed to answer their most pressing questions and to enable local researchers and resource managers to monitor and sustain the valuable and diverse aquatic life of the Mekong River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121246","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with FISHBIO","usgsCitation":"Patricio, H.C., Ainsley, S.M., Andersen, M.E., Beeman, J.W., and Hewitt, D.A., 2012, The Mekong Fish Network: expanding the capacity of the people and institutions of the Mekong River Basin to share information and conduct standardized fisheries monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1246, vi, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121246.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-02-09","temporalEnd":"2012-02-10","ipdsId":"IP-038456","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264707,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1246.gif"},{"id":264705,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1246/"},{"id":264706,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1246/ofr2012-1246.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.03 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam","otherGeospatial":"Mekong River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 89.15,8.0 ], [ 89.15,33.0 ], [ 111.12,33.0 ], [ 111.12,8.0 ], [ 89.15,8.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d4967ae4b0c6073c901f59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patricio, Harmony C.","contributorId":30525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patricio","given":"Harmony","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ainsley, Shaara M.","contributorId":107973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ainsley","given":"Shaara","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andersen, Matthew E. 0000-0003-4115-5028 mandersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-5028","contributorId":3190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Matthew","email":"mandersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hewitt, David A. 0000-0002-5387-0275 dhewitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-0275","contributorId":3767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hewitt","given":"David","email":"dhewitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70042049,"text":"sir20105090G - 2012 - Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in Global mineral resource assessment","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70042049,"text":"sir20105090G - 2012 - Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090G","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in Global mineral resource assessment"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-30T14:20:50","indexId":"sir20105090G","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5090","chapter":"G","title":"Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in Global mineral resource assessment","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collaborated with the China Geological Survey (CGS) to conduct a mineral resource assessment of Mesozoic porphyry copper deposits in East Asia. This area hosts several very large porphyry deposits, exemplified by the Dexing deposit in eastern China that contains more than 8,000,000 metric tons of copper. In addition, large parts of the area are undergoing active exploration and are likely to contain undiscovered porphyry copper deposits.
\nThree tracts were delineated to be permissive for Mesozoic porphyry copper deposits in East Asia: the Manchuride, Coastal Pacific, and East Qinling tracts, all Jurassic through Cretaceous in age. The tracts are based on mapped and inferred subsurface distributions of igneous rocks that define areas where the occurrence of porphyry copper deposits is possible. These tracts range in area from about 170,000 to about 1,400,000 km2. Although maps at a variety of scales were used in the assessment, the final tract boundaries are intended for use at a scale of 1:1,000,000.
\nThese Mesozoic deposits in East Asia all formed in post-subduction environments, environments newly recognized as permissive for the occurrence of porphyry copper deposits. Based on the grade, tonnage, and geologic characteristics of the known deposits, two tracts, Manchuride and Coastal Pacific, were evaluated using the general (Cu-Mo-Au) porphyry copper grade and tonnage model. The East Qinling tract was evaluated using the molybdenum-rich (Cu-Mo) model. Assessment participants estimated numbers of undiscovered deposits at different levels of confidence for each permissive tract. These estimates were then combined with the selected grade and tonnage models using Monte Carlo simulation to generate quantitative probabilistic estimates of undiscovered resources. Resources in future extensions of deposits with identified resources were not specifically evaluated.
\nAssessment results, presented in tables and graphs, show mean amounts of metal and rock in undiscovered deposits at different quantile levels, as well as the arithmetic mean for each tract. This assessment estimated a mean total of about 44 undiscovered porphyry copper deposits within the assessed permissive tracts in East Asia. This represents nearly 4 times the 12 known deposits. Predicted mean (arithmetic) resources that could be associated with these undiscovered deposits are about 198,000,000 metric tons (t) of copper and about 3,900 t of gold, as well as byproduct molybdenum and silver. The reported identified resources for those 12 known deposits total about 23,000,000 t of copper and about 850 t of gold. The assessment area is estimated to contain nearly nine times as much copper in undiscovered porphyry copper deposits as has been identified to date.
\nThis report includes an overview of the assessment results and summary tables. Descriptions of each tract are included in appendixes, with estimates of numbers of undiscovered deposits, and probabilistic estimates of amounts of copper, molybdenum, gold, and silver that could be contained in undiscovered deposits for each permissive tract. A geographic information system that accompanies the report includes tract boundaries and a database of known porphyry copper deposits and prospects.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105090G","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences, China Geological Survey, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, the Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programs in East and Southeast Asia, and XDM Geological Consultants, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Ludington, S., Mihalasky, M.J., Hammarstrom, J.M., Robinson, G.R., Frost, T.P., Gans, K.D., Light, T., Miller, R.J., and Alexeiev, D.V., 2012, Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in Global mineral resource assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5090, Report: vii, 53 p.; Appendix D; Appendix E metadata folder; Appendix E GIS data, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105090G.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 53 p.; Appendix D; Appendix E metadata folder; Appendix E GIS data","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264693,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5090_g.gif"},{"id":264690,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/sir2010-5090g_text.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":264691,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/EASIA_metadata","text":"Appendix E metadata","size":"31 kB","description":"Appendix E metadata"},{"id":264692,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/GIS_SIR5090G_appendix_E.zip","text":"Appendix E GIS data","size":"19 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"Appendix E GIS data"},{"id":264688,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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Each borehole was instrumented with a multilevel monitoring system consisting of a series of valved measurement ports, packer bladders, casing segments, and couplers. Multilevel monitoring at the Idaho National Laboratory has been ongoing since 2006. This report summarizes data collected from three multilevel monitoring wells installed during 2009 and 2010 and presents updates to six multilevel monitoring wells. Hydraulic heads (heads) and groundwater temperatures were monitored from 9 multilevel monitoring wells, including 120 hydraulically isolated depth intervals from 448.0 to 1,377.6 feet below land surface.\n\nQuarterly head and temperature profiles reveal unique patterns for vertical examination of the aquifer’s complex basalt and sediment stratigraphy, proximity to aquifer recharge and discharge, and groundwater flow. These features contribute to some of the localized variability even though the general profile shape remained consistent over the period of record. Major inflections in the head profiles almost always coincided with low-permeability sediment layers and occasionally thick sequences of dense basalt. However, the presence of a sediment layer or dense basalt layer was insufficient for identifying the location of a major head change within a borehole without knowing the true areal extent and relative transmissivity of the lithologic unit. Temperature profiles for boreholes completed within the Big Lost Trough indicate linear conductive trends; whereas, temperature profiles for boreholes completed within the axial volcanic high indicate mostly convective heat transfer resulting from the vertical movement of groundwater. Additionally, temperature profiles provide evidence for stratification and mixing of water types along the southern boundary of the Idaho National Laboratory.\n\nVertical head and temperature change were quantified for each of the nine multilevel monitoring systems. The vertical head gradients were defined for the major inflections in the head profiles and were as high as 2.1 feet per foot. Low vertical head gradients indicated potential vertical connectivity and flow, and large gradient inflections indicated zones of relatively low vertical connectivity. Generally, zones that primarily are composed of fractured basalt displayed relatively small vertical head differences. Large head differences were attributed to poor vertical connectivity between fracture units because of sediment layering and/or dense basalt. Groundwater temperatures in all boreholes ranged from 10.2 to 16.3˚C.\n\nNormalized mean hydraulic head values were analyzed for all nine multilevel monitoring wells for the period of record (2007-10). The mean head values suggest a moderately positive correlation among all boreholes, which reflects regional fluctuations in water levels in response to seasonality. However, the temporal trend is slightly different when the location is considered; wells located along the southern boundary, within the axial volcanic high, show a strongly positive correlation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125259","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Twining, B.V., and Fisher, J.C., 2012, Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head and temperature in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5259, Report: vii, 44 p.; Appendicies A-G, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125259.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 44 p.; Appendicies A-G","numberOfPages":"56","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-034180","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264704,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5259.jpg"},{"id":264695,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/"},{"id":264696,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppA.pdf"},{"id":264697,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259.pdf"},{"id":264698,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppC.pdf"},{"id":264699,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppB.pdf"},{"id":264700,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppD.pdf"},{"id":264701,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppE.pdf"},{"id":264702,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppF.pdf"},{"id":264703,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppG.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.75,43.25 ], [ -113.75,49.75 ], [ -112.25,49.75 ], [ -112.25,43.25 ], [ -113.75,43.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d49663e4b0c6073c901f4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twining, Brian V. 0000-0003-1321-4721 btwining@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-4721","contributorId":2387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twining","given":"Brian","email":"btwining@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Jason C. 0000-0001-9032-8912 jfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9032-8912","contributorId":2523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Jason","email":"jfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042070,"text":"ofr20121270 - 2012 - Fish population and habitat analysis in Buck Creek, Washington, prior to recolonization by anadromous salmonids after the removal of Condit Dam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-21T12:33:25","indexId":"ofr20121270","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1270","title":"Fish population and habitat analysis in Buck Creek, Washington, prior to recolonization by anadromous salmonids after the removal of Condit Dam","docAbstract":"We assessed the physical and biotic conditions in the part of Buck Creek, Washington, potentially accessible to anadromous fishes. This creek is a major tributary to the White Salmon River upstream of Condit Dam, which was breached in October 2011. Habitat and fish populations were characterized in four stream reaches. Reach breaks were based on stream gradient, water withdrawals, and fish barriers. Buck Creek generally was confined, with a single straight channel and low sinuosity. Boulders and cobble were the dominant stream substrate, with limited gravel available for spawning. Large-cobble riffles were 83 percent of the available fish habitat. Pools, comprising 15 percent of the surface area, mostly were formed by bedrock with little instream cover and low complexity. Instream wood averaged 6—10 pieces per 100 meters, 80 percent of which was less than 50 centimeters in diameter. Water temperature in Buck Creek rarely exceeded 16 degrees Celsius and did so for only 1 day at river kilometer (rkm) 3 and 11 days at rkm 0.2 in late July and early August 2009. The maximum temperature recorded was 17.2 degrees Celsius at rkm 0.2 on August 2, 2009. Minimum summer discharge in Buck Creek was 3.3 cubic feet per second downstream of an irrigation diversion (rkm 3.1) and 7.7 cubic feet per second at its confluence with the White Salmon River. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was the dominant fish species in all reaches. The abundance of age-1 or older rainbow trout was similar between reaches. However, in 2009 and 2010, the greatest abundance of age-0 rainbow trout (8 fish per meter) was in the most downstream reach. These analyses in Buck Creek are important for understanding the factors that may limit fish abundance and productivity, and they will help identify and prioritize potential restoration actions. The data collected constitute baseline information of pre-dam removal conditions that will allow assessment of changes in fish populations now that Condit Dam has been removed and anadromous fish have an opportunity to recolonize Buck Creek.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121270","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Yakama Nation","usgsCitation":"Allen, M.B., Burkhardt, J., Munz, C., and Connolly, P., 2012, Fish population and habitat analysis in Buck Creek, Washington, prior to recolonization by anadromous salmonids after the removal of Condit Dam: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1270, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121270.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"48","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264718,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1270.jpg"},{"id":264717,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1270/pdf/ofr20121270.pdf"},{"id":264716,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1270/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Buck Creek;Condit Dam;White Salmon River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.57,45.76 ], [ -121.57,45.85 ], [ -121.51,45.85 ], [ -121.51,45.76 ], [ -121.57,45.76 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d4cbcae4b0c6073c902059","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, M. Brady","contributorId":18874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brady","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burkhardt, Jeanette","contributorId":15496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkhardt","given":"Jeanette","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Munz, Carrie","contributorId":98191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munz","given":"Carrie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70042103,"text":"sir20125223 - 2012 - Sources and sinks of filtered total mercury and concentrations of total mercury of solids and of filtered methylmercury, Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington, 2007-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-21T15:24:23","indexId":"sir20125223","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5223","title":"Sources and sinks of filtered total mercury and concentrations of total mercury of solids and of filtered methylmercury, Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington, 2007-10","docAbstract":"The majority of filtered total mercury in the marine water of Sinclair Inlet originates from salt water flowing from Puget Sound. About 420 grams of filtered total mercury are added to Sinclair Inlet each year from atmospheric, terrestrial, and sedimentary sources, which has increased filtered total mercury concentrations in Sinclair Inlet (0.33 nanograms per liter) to concentrations greater than those of the Puget Sound (0.2 nanograms per liter). The category with the largest loading of filtered total mercury to Sinclair Inlet included diffusion of porewaters from marine sediment to the water column of Sinclair Inlet and discharge through the largest stormwater drain on the Bremerton naval complex, Bremerton, Washington. However, few data are available to estimate porewater and stormwater releases with any certainty. The release from the stormwater drain does not originate from overland flow of stormwater. Rather total mercury on soils is extracted by the chloride ions in seawater as the stormwater is drained and adjacent soils are flushed with seawater by tidal pumping. Filtered total mercury released by an unknown freshwater mechanism also was observed in the stormwater flowing through this drain.\n\nDirect atmospheric deposition on the Sinclair Inlet, freshwater discharge from creek and stormwater basins draining into Sinclair Inlet, and saline discharges from the dry dock sumps of the naval complex are included in the next largest loading category of sources of filtered total mercury. Individual discharges from a municipal wastewater treatment plant and from the industrial steam plant of the naval complex constituted the loading category with the third largest loadings. Stormwater discharge from the shipyard portion of the naval complex and groundwater discharge from the base are included in the loading category with the smallest loading of filtered total mercury.\n\nPresently, the origins of the solids depositing to the sediment of Sinclair Inlet are uncertain, and consequently, concentrations of sediments can be qualitatively compared only to total mercury concentrations of solids suspended in the water column. Concentrations of total mercury of suspended solids from creeks, stormwater, and even wastewater effluent discharging into greater Sinclair Inlet were comparable to concentrations of solids suspended in the water column of Sinclair Inlet. Concentrations of total mercury of suspended solids were significantly lower than those of marine bed sediment of Sinclair Inlet; these suspended solids have been shown to settle in Sinclair Inlet. The settling of suspended solids in the greater Sinclair Inlet and in Operable Unit B Marine of the naval complex likely will result in lower concentrations of total mercury in sediments. Such a decrease in total mercury concentrations was observed in the sediment of Operable Unit B Marine in 2010. However, total mercury concentrations of solids discharged from several sources from the Bremerton naval complex were higher than concentrations in sediment collected from Operable Unit B Marine. The combined loading of solids from these sources is small compared to the amount of solids depositing in OU B Marine. However, total mercury concentration in sediment collected at a monitoring station just offshore one of these sources, the largest stormwater drain on the Bremerton naval complex, increased considerably in 2010.\n\nLow methylmercury concentrations were detected in groundwater, stormwater, and effluents discharged from the Bremerton naval complex. The highest methylmercury concentrations were measured in the porewaters of highly reducing marine sediment in greater Sinclair Inlet. The marine sediment collected off the largest stormwater drain contained low concentrations of methylmercury in porewater because these sediments were not highly reducing.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125223","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Department of the Navy Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Northwest","usgsCitation":"Paulson, A.J., Dinicola, R., Noble, M.A., Wagner, R.J., Huffman, R.L., Moran, P.W., and DeWild, J.F., 2012, Sources and sinks of filtered total mercury and concentrations of total mercury of solids and of filtered methylmercury, Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington, 2007-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5223, xii, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125223.","productDescription":"xii, 94 p.","numberOfPages":"110","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5223.jpg"},{"id":264719,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5223/"},{"id":264720,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5223/pdf/sir20125223.pdf"}],"datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Kitsap","otherGeospatial":"Sinclair Inlet","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -12.035555555555556,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -12.035555555555556,0.001388888888888889 ], [ -12.03361111111111,0.001388888888888889 ], [ -12.03361111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -12.035555555555556,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4cc6de4b0e8fec6ce1ea0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paulson, Anthony J. 0000-0002-2358-8834 apaulson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-8834","contributorId":5236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"Anthony","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dinicola, Richard S. 0000-0003-4222-294X dinicola@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-294X","contributorId":352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinicola","given":"Richard S.","email":"dinicola@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noble, Marlene A. mnoble@usgs.gov","contributorId":1429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Marlene","email":"mnoble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wagner, Richard J. rjwagner@usgs.gov","contributorId":3122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Richard","email":"rjwagner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huffman, Raegan L. 0000-0001-8523-5439 rhuffman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8523-5439","contributorId":1638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"Raegan","email":"rhuffman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moran, Patrick W. 0000-0002-2002-3539 pwmoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-3539","contributorId":489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Patrick","email":"pwmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"DeWild, John F. 0000-0003-4097-2798 jfdewild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-2798","contributorId":2525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWild","given":"John","email":"jfdewild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70201641,"text":"70201641 - 2012 - Distribution of regional pressure in the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T10:49:12","indexId":"70201641","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T15:55:36","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Distribution of regional pressure in the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has created a comprehensive geopressure-gradient model of the regional pressure system spanning the onshore and offshore portions of the Gulf of Mexico, USA. The model was used to generate ten maps: five contour maps (Maps 1A - 5A) characterize the depth to the surface defined by the first occurrence of isopressure-gradients ranging from 0.60 psi/ft to 1.00 psi/ft, in 0.10-psi/ft increments, and five supporting maps (Maps 1B - 5B) display the spatial density of the data used to construct the isopressure-gradient maps. The boundary of the geopressure-gradient model represents the maximum extent of the calculated pressure-gradient data. The regional investigation, however, encompassed an area defined by the USGS Upper Jurassic-Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum System Boundary, and the availability of offshore data. A description of the geopressure-gradient model, including related mathematical derivations, the data-quality control methodology, linear pressure interpolation calculations, and contouring algorithms is provided by Burke et al. (in press [a]; in press [b]); these references, as well as a summary of the geopressure-gradient model, are supplied in the online documentation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists ","usgsCitation":"Burke, L.A., Kinney, S.A., Dubiel, R.F., and Pitman, J.K., 2012, Distribution of regional pressure in the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA, Zip File.","productDescription":"Zip File","ipdsId":"IP-037050","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":360555,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.datapages.com/gis-map-publishing-program/gis-open-files/geographic/distribution-of-regional-pressure-in-the-onshore-and-offshore-gulf-of-mexico-basin-usa"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.6904296875,\n 26.07652055985697\n ],\n [\n -87.16552734375,\n 26.07652055985697\n ],\n [\n -87.16552734375,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -97.6904296875,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -97.6904296875,\n 26.07652055985697\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1cb860e4b0708288c83838","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burke, Lauri A. 0000-0002-2035-8048 lburke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-8048","contributorId":3859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Lauri","email":"lburke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinney, Scott A. 0000-0001-5008-5813 skinney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-5813","contributorId":1395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinney","given":"Scott","email":"skinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubiel, Russell F. 0000-0002-1280-0350 rdubiel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-0350","contributorId":1294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubiel","given":"Russell","email":"rdubiel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70201692,"text":"70201692 - 2012 - Regional map of the 0.70 psi/ft pressure gradient and development of the regional geopressure-gradient model for the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T13:33:45","indexId":"70201692","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T10:53:32","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1717,"text":"GCAGS Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional map of the 0.70 psi/ft pressure gradient and development of the regional geopressure-gradient model for the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA","docAbstract":"Characterization of the regional pressure system in the Gulf of Mexico basin is critical for assessing the occurrence of undiscovered petroleum resources, evaluating areas with potential pressure-related production, identifying potential pressure-related geohazard issues, evaluating hydrocarbon reservoir-seal integrity, and determining the feasibility of geological sequestration and long-term containment of fluids.
","language":"English","publisher":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Studies","usgsCitation":"Burke, L.A., Kinney, S.A., Dubiel, R.F., and Pitman, J.K., 2012, Regional map of the 0.70 psi/ft pressure gradient and development of the regional geopressure-gradient model for the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA: GCAGS Journal, v. 1, p. 97-106.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"106","ipdsId":"IP-036210","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360680,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":360675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/gcags-journal/data/001/001001/pdfs/97.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.55957031249999,\n 28.091366281406945\n ],\n [\n -87.4072265625,\n 28.091366281406945\n ],\n [\n -87.4072265625,\n 31.615965936476076\n ],\n [\n -93.55957031249999,\n 31.615965936476076\n ],\n [\n -93.55957031249999,\n 28.091366281406945\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1e0a34e4b0708288cb022d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burke, Lauri A. 0000-0002-2035-8048 lburke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-8048","contributorId":3859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Lauri","email":"lburke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinney, Scott A. 0000-0001-5008-5813 skinney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-5813","contributorId":1395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinney","given":"Scott","email":"skinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubiel, Russell F. 0000-0002-1280-0350 rdubiel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-0350","contributorId":1294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubiel","given":"Russell","email":"rdubiel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70042027,"text":"sir20125220 - 2012 - Use of classes based on redox and groundwater age to characterize the susceptibility of principal aquifers to changes in nitrate concentrations, 1991 to 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T15:25:15","indexId":"sir20125220","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5220","title":"Use of classes based on redox and groundwater age to characterize the susceptibility of principal aquifers to changes in nitrate concentrations, 1991 to 2010","docAbstract":"The National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program of the U.S. Geological Survey is using multiple approaches to measure and explain trends in concentrations of nitrate in principal aquifers of the United States. Near decadal sampling of selected well networks is providing information on where long-term changes in nitrate concentrations have occurred. Because those studies do not include all the NAWQA well networks, a determination has yet to be made as to what might be expected in networks from which timeseries data have not been collected. Characterizing aquifer susceptibility to changes in nitrate concentrations on the basis of data collected from all the NAWQA well networks would be a step toward extrapolating findings from those studies to broader regions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125220","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"McMahon, P., 2012, Use of classes based on redox and groundwater age to characterize the susceptibility of principal aquifers to changes in nitrate concentrations, 1991 to 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5220, vii, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125220.","productDescription":"vii, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"51","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264679,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5220.gif"},{"id":264677,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5220/"},{"id":264678,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5220/sir2012-5220.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391dee4b062c7914ebda5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, P.B. 0000-0001-7452-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":10762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70042036,"text":"ds723 - 2012 - Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in Great Lakes areas of concern, 2010 to 2011-Collection methods, analyses methods, quality assurance, and data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T16:17:12","indexId":"ds723","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"723","title":"Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in Great Lakes areas of concern, 2010 to 2011-Collection methods, analyses methods, quality assurance, and data","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) cooperated with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on a study to identify the occurrence of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in water and bottom-sediment samples collected during 2010–11 at sites in seven areas of concern (AOCs) throughout the Great Lakes. Study sites include tributaries to the Great Lakes in AOCs located near Duluth, Minn.; Green Bay, Wis.; Rochester, N.Y.; Detroit, Mich.; Toledo, Ohio; Milwaukee, Wis.; and Ashtabula, Ohio. This report documents the collection methods, analyses methods, quality-assurance data and analyses, and provides the data for this study. Water and bottom-sediment samples were analyzed at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory in Denver, Colo., for a broad suite of CECs. During this study, 135 environmental and 23 field duplicate samples of surface water and wastewater effluent, 10 field blank water samples, and 11 field spike water samples were collected and analyzed. Sixty-one of the 69 wastewater indicator chemicals (laboratory method 4433) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 11.2 micrograms per liter. Twenty-eight of the 48 pharmaceuticals (research method 8244) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.0029 to 22.0 micrograms per liter. Ten of the 20 steroid hormones and sterols analyzed (research method 4434) were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.16 to 10,000 nanograms per liter. During this study, 75 environmental, 13 field duplicate samples, and 9 field spike samples of bottom sediment were collected and analyzed for a wide variety of CECs. Forty-seven of the 57 wastewater indicator chemicals (laboratory method 5433) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.921 to 25,800 nanograms per gram. Seventeen of the 20 steroid hormones and sterols (research method 6434) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.006 to 8,921 nanograms per gram. Twelve of the 20 pharmaceuticals (research method 8244) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 2.35 to 453.5 nanograms per gram. Six of the 11 antidepressants (research method 9008) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 2.79 to 91.6 nanograms per gram.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds723","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Lee, K., Langer, S.K., Menheer, M.A., Foreman, W., Furlong, E.T., and Smith, S.G., 2012, Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in Great Lakes areas of concern, 2010 to 2011-Collection methods, analyses methods, quality assurance, and data: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 723, Report: v, 26 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds723.","productDescription":"Report: v, 26 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_723.gif"},{"id":264680,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/723/"},{"id":264682,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/723/downloads/"},{"id":264681,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/723/DS723.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 0.0025,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ 0.0025,0.001388888888888889 ], [ 0.0019444444444444444,0.001388888888888889 ], [ 0.0019444444444444444,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ 0.0025,0.0011111111111111111 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391bce4b062c7914ebd86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Kathy 0000-0002-7683-1367 klee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-1367","contributorId":2538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Kathy","email":"klee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langer, Susan K. slanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":107824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"Susan","email":"slanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Menheer, Michael A. menheer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menheer","given":"Michael","email":"menheer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foreman, William T. wforeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"William T.","email":"wforeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Steven G. sgsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven","email":"sgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70041973,"text":"tm7C7 - 2012 - Approaches in highly parameterized inversion: TSPROC, a general time-series processor to assist in model calibration and result summarization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T09:12:25","indexId":"tm7C7","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"7-C7","title":"Approaches in highly parameterized inversion: TSPROC, a general time-series processor to assist in model calibration and result summarization","docAbstract":"The TSPROC (Time Series PROCessor) computer software uses a simple scripting language to process and analyze time series. It was developed primarily to assist in the calibration of environmental models. The software is designed to perform calculations on time-series data commonly associated with surface-water models, including calculation of flow volumes, transformation by means of basic arithmetic operations, and generation of seasonal and annual statistics and hydrologic indices. TSPROC can also be used to generate some of the key input files required to perform parameter optimization by means of the PEST (Parameter ESTimation) computer software. Through the use of TSPROC, the objective function for use in the model-calibration process can be focused on specific components of a hydrograph.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm7C7","collaboration":"Great Lakes Restoration Initiative","usgsCitation":"Westenbroek, S.M., Doherty, J., Walker, J.F., Kelson, V.A., Hunt, R.J., and Cera, T.B., 2012, Approaches in highly parameterized inversion: TSPROC, a general time-series processor to assist in model calibration and result summarization: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 7-C7, Report: viii, 101 p.; Download Software, https://doi.org/10.3133/tm7C7.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 101 p.; Download Software","numberOfPages":"112","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_7_c7.gif"},{"id":264659,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm7c7/"},{"id":264661,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://wi.water.usgs.gov/models/tsproc/index.html"},{"id":264660,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm7c7/pdf/TM7_C7_112712.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391b7e4b062c7914ebd82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Westenbroek, Stephen M. 0000-0002-6284-8643 smwesten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-8643","contributorId":2210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenbroek","given":"Stephen","email":"smwesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doherty, John","contributorId":43843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, John F. jfwalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"John","email":"jfwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelson, Victor A.","contributorId":41713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelson","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cera, Timothy B.","contributorId":79771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cera","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70041974,"text":"sir20125159 - 2012 - Geologic models and evaluation of undiscovered conventional and continuous oil and gas resources: Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T10:39:56","indexId":"sir20125159","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5159","title":"Geologic models and evaluation of undiscovered conventional and continuous oil and gas resources: Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk","docAbstract":"The Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk forms a low-permeability, onshore Gulf of Mexico reservoir that produces oil and gas from major fractures oriented parallel to the underlying Lower Cretaceous shelf edge. Horizontal drilling links these fracture systems to create an interconnected network that drains the reservoir. Field and well locations along the production trend are controlled by fracture networks. Highly fractured chalk is present along both regional and local fault zones. Fractures are also genetically linked to movement of the underlying Jurassic Louann Salt with tensile fractures forming downdip of salt-related structures creating the most effective reservoirs. Undiscovered accumulations should also be associated with structure-controlled fracture systems because much of the Austin that overlies the Lower Cretaceous shelf edge remains unexplored. The Upper Cretaceous Eagle Ford Shale is the primary source rock for Austin Chalk hydrocarbons. This transgressive marine shale varies in thickness and lithology across the study area and contains both oil- and gas-prone kerogen. The Eagle Ford began generating oil and gas in the early Miocene, and vertical migration through fractures was sufficient to charge the Austin reservoirs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125159","usgsCitation":"Pearson, K., 2012, Geologic models and evaluation of undiscovered conventional and continuous oil and gas resources: Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5159, iv, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125159.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"33","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264665,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5159/"},{"id":264666,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5159/SIR12-5159.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Arkansas;Florida;Georgia;Illinois;Kentucky;Louisiana;Mississippi;Missouri;Oklahoma;Tennessee;Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.0,24.0 ], [ -102.0,36.5 ], [ -78.0,36.5 ], [ -78.0,24.0 ], [ -102.0,24.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391c8e4b062c7914ebd92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearson, Krystal","contributorId":91609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearson","given":"Krystal","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70042207,"text":"70042207 - 2012 - Genetic structure of lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, populations in the northern main basin of Lake Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-13T21:24:49.247142","indexId":"70042207","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":656,"text":"Advances in Limnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Genetic structure of lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, populations in the northern main basin of Lake Huron","title":"Genetic structure of lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, populations in the northern main basin of Lake Huron","docAbstract":"Genetic analysis of spawning lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) from six sites in the main basin of Lake Huron was conducted to determine population structure. Samples from fisheryindependent assessment surveys in the northwest main basin were analyzed to determine the relative contributions of lake whitefish genetic populations. Genetic population structure was identified using data from seven microsatellite DNA loci. One population was identified at Manitoulin Island, one to two were observed in the east-central main basin (Fishing Island and Douglas Point), and one to two populations were found in the northwest (Thunder Bay and Duncan Bay). The genetic identity of collections from Duncan Bay and Thunder Bay was not consistent among methods used to analyze population structure. Low genetic distances suggested that they comprised one population, but genic differences indicated that they may constitute separate populations. Simulated data indicated that the genetic origins of samples from a mixed-fishery could be accurately identified, but accuracy could be improved by incorporating additional microsatellite loci. Mixture analysis and individual assignment tests performed on mixed-stock samples collected from the western main basin suggested that genetic populations from the east-central main basin contributed less than those from the western main basin and that the proportional contribution of each baseline population was similar in each assessment sample. Analysis of additional microsatellite DNA loci may be useful to help improve the precision of the estimates, thus increasing our ability to manage and protect this valuable resource.","language":"English","publisher":"Schweizerbart Science Publishers","doi":"10.1127/advlim/63/2012/241","usgsCitation":"Stott, W., Ebener, M.P., Mohr, L., Schaeffer, J., Roseman, E., Harford, W.J., Johnson, J.E., and Fietsch, C., 2012, Genetic structure of lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, populations in the northern main basin of Lake Huron: Advances in Limnology, v. 63, p. 241-260, https://doi.org/10.1127/advlim/63/2012/241.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"241","endPage":"260","ipdsId":"IP-014526","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":265038,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Michigan, 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Lloyd","contributorId":34001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohr","given":"Lloyd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schaeffer, Jeff 0000-0003-3430-0872 jschaeffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3430-0872","contributorId":2041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"Jeff","email":"jschaeffer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F.","contributorId":100334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harford, William J.","contributorId":71078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harford","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, James E.","contributorId":45668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fietsch, Cherie-Lee","contributorId":11088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fietsch","given":"Cherie-Lee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70042024,"text":"sir20125237 - 2012 - Numerical model simulations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater using various nitrogen input scenarios, mid-Snake region, south-central Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T14:00:23","indexId":"sir20125237","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5237","title":"Numerical model simulations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater using various nitrogen input scenarios, mid-Snake region, south-central Idaho","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program nitrate transport in groundwater was modeled in the mid-Snake River region in south-central Idaho to project future concentrations of nitrate. Model simulation results indicated that nitrate concentrations would continue to increase over time, eventually exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level for drinking water of 10 milligrams per liter in some areas. A subregional groundwater model simulated the change of nitrate concentrations in groundwater over time in response to three nitrogen input scenarios: (1) nitrogen input fixed at 2008 levels; (2) nitrogen input increased from 2008 to 2028 using the same rate of increase as the average rate of increase during the previous 10 years (1998 through 2008); after 2028, nitrogen input is fixed at 2028 levels; and (3) nitrogen input related to agriculture completely halted, with only nitrogen input from precipitation remaining. Scenarios 1 and 2 project that nitrate concentrations in groundwater continue to increase from 10 to 50 years beyond the year nitrogen input is fixed, depending on the location in the model area. Projected nitrate concentrations in groundwater increase by as much as 2–4 milligrams per liter in many areas, with nitrate concentrations in some areas reaching 10 milligrams per liter. Scenario 3, although unrealistic, estimates how long (20–50 years) it would take nitrate in groundwater to return to background concentrations—the “flushing time” of the system. The amount of nitrate concentration increase cannot be explained solely by differences in nitrogen input; in fact, some areas with the highest amount of nitrogen input have the lowest increase in nitrate concentration. The geometry of the aquifer and the pattern of regional groundwater flow through the aquifer greatly influence nitrate concentrations. The aquifer thins toward discharge areas along the Snake River which forces upward convergence of good-quality regional groundwater that mixes with the nitrate-laden groundwater in the uppermost parts of the aquifer, which results in lowered nitrate concentrations. A new method of inputting nitrogen to the subregional groundwater model was used that prorates nitrogen input by the probability of detecting nitrate concentrations greater than 2 mg/L. The probability map is based on correlations with physical factors, and prorates an existing nitrogen input dataset providing an estimate of nitrogen flux to the water table that accounts for new factors such as soil properties. The effectiveness of this updated nitrogen input method was evaluated using the software UCODE_2005.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125237","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Skinner, K.D., and Rupert, M.G., 2012, Numerical model simulations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater using various nitrogen input scenarios, mid-Snake region, south-central Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5237, viii, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125237.","productDescription":"viii, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5237.jpg"},{"id":264674,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5237/"},{"id":264675,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5237/pdf/sir20125237.pdf"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Mid-snake Region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.50,42.25 ], [ -115.50,43.50 ], [ -112.50,43.50 ], [ -112.50,42.25 ], [ -115.50,42.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391d1e4b062c7914ebd99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skinner, Kenneth D. 0000-0003-1774-6565 kskinner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1774-6565","contributorId":1836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"Kenneth","email":"kskinner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70041934,"text":"sir20125122 - 2012 - Simulation of groundwater flow and hydrologic effects of groundwater withdrawals from the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system in the Pinelands of southern New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T13:01:59","indexId":"sir20125122","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5122","title":"Simulation of groundwater flow and hydrologic effects of groundwater withdrawals from the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system in the Pinelands of southern New Jersey","docAbstract":"The Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system is an important source of present and future water supply in southern New Jersey. Because this unconfined aquifer system also supports sensitive wetland and aquatic habitats within the New Jersey Pinelands (Pinelands), water managers and policy makers need up-to-date information, data, and projections that show the effects of potential increases in groundwater withdrawals on these habitats. Finite-difference groundwater flow models (MODFLOW) were constructed for three drainage basins (McDonalds Branch Basin, 14.3 square kilometers (km2); Morses Mill Stream Basin, 21.63 km2; and Albertson Brook Basin, 52.27 km2) to estimate the effects of potential increases in groundwater withdrawals on water levels and the base-flow portion of streamflow, in wetland and aquatic habitats. Three models were constructed for each drainage basin: a transient model consisting of twenty-four 1-month stress periods (October 2004 through September 2006); a transient model to simulate the 5- to 10-day aquifer tests that were performed as part of the study; and a high-resolution, steady-state model used to assess long-term effects of increased groundwater withdrawals on water levels in wetlands and on base flow. All models were constructed with the same eight-layer structure. The smallest horizontal cell dimensions among the three model areas were 150 meters (m) for the 24-month transient models, 10 m for the steady-state models, and 3 m for the transient aquifer-test models. Boundary flows of particular interest to this study and represented separately are those for wetlands, streams, and evapotranspiration. The final variables calibrated from both transient models were then used in steady-state models to assess the long-term effects of increased groundwater withdrawals on water levels in wetlands and on base flow. Results of aquifer tests conducted in the three study areas illustrate the effects of withdrawals on water levels in wetlands and on base flow. Pumping stresses at aquifer-test sites resulted in measurable drawdown in each observation well installed for the tests. The magnitude of drawdown in shallow wetland observation wells at the end of pumping ranged from 5.5 to 16.7 centimeters (cm). The stresses induced by the respective tests reduced the flow of the smallest stream (McDonalds Branch) by 75 percent and slightly reduced flow in a side channel of Morses Mill Stream, but did not measurably affect the flow of Morses Mill Stream or Albertson Brook. Results of aquifer-test simulations were used to refine the estimates of hydraulic properties used in the models and to confirm the ability of the model to replicate observed hydrologic responses to pumping. Steady-state sensitivity simulation results for a variety of single well locations and depths were used to define overall “best-case” (smallest effect on wetland water levels and base flow) and “worst-case” (greatest effect on wetland water levels and base flow) groundwater withdrawal configurations. “Best-case” configurations are those for which the extent of the wetland areas within a 1-kilometer (km) radius of the withdrawal well is minimized, the well is located at least 100 m and as far from wetland boundaries as possible, and the withdrawal is from a deep well (50–90 m deep). “Worst-case” configurations are those for which the extent of wetlands within a 1-km radius of the withdrawal well is maximized, the well is located 100 m or less from a wetland boundary, and the withdrawal is from a relatively shallow well (30–67 m deep). “Best-” and “worst-case” simulations were applied by locating hypothetical wells across the study areas and assigning groundwater withdrawals so that the sum of the withdrawals for the basin is equal to 5, 10, 15, and 30 percent of overall recharge. The results were compared to the results of simulations of no groundwater withdrawals. Results for withdrawals of 5 percent of recharge show that the area of wetland water-level decline that exceeded 15 cm was as much as 1.5 percent of the total wetland area for the “best-case” simulations and as much as 9.7 percent of the total wetland area for the “worst-case” simulations. For the same withdrawals, base-flow reduction was as much as 5.1 percent for the “best-case” simulations and as much as 8.6 percent for the “worst-case” simulations. Results for withdrawals of 30 percent of recharge show that the area of wetland water-level decline that exceeded 15 cm was as much as 70 percent of the total wetland area for the “best-case” simulations and as much as 84 percent of the total wetland area for the “worst-case” simulations. For the same withdrawals, base-flow reduction was as much as 30 percent for the “best-case” simulations and as much as 51 percent for the “worst-case” simulations. Results for withdrawals of 10 and 15 percent of recharge show decreased water levels and base flow that are intermediate between those simulated for 5 and 30 percent of recharge. Several approaches for applying the results of this study to other parts of the Pinelands were explored. An analytical-modeling technique based on the Thiem equation and image-well theory was developed to estimate local drawdown distributions resulting from withdrawals in other areas within the Pinelands. Results of example applications of this technique were compared with those of the numerical simulations used in this study and were shown to be useful. Differences among the three basins in the simulated percentage of basin wetlands affected by drawdown were found to be related to the proximity of wetlands to streams, the proximity of wetlands to pumped wells, and the vertical conductance of the aquifer system. These factors formed the basis for an index of wetland vulnerability to drawdown. An empirically-derived model based on the Gompertz function and the wetland vulnerability index was developed, tested, and shown to be an effective means to evaluate potential drawdown in wetlands at a basin scale throughout the Pinelands. Base-flow reduction can be estimated from generalized results of the numerical models, estimates of evapotranspiration reduction, or available regional groundwater flow models. These approaches could be used to evaluate alternative water-supply strategies and, in conjunction with ecological-modeling results, to determine maximum basin withdrawal rates within the limits of acceptable ecological change.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125122","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Pinelands Commission","usgsCitation":"Charles, E.G., and Nicholson, R.S., 2012, Simulation of groundwater flow and hydrologic effects of groundwater withdrawals from the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system in the Pinelands of southern New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5122, xviii, 219 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.); Apendices: 1-2, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125122.","productDescription":"xviii, 219 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.); Apendices: 1-2","startPage":"i","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"242","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5122.png"},{"id":264136,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5122/"},{"id":264137,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5122/support/sir2012-5122.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.5598,38.9286 ], [ -75.5598,41.3574 ], [ -73.9025,41.3574 ], [ -73.9025,38.9286 ], [ -75.5598,38.9286 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391d5e4b062c7914ebd9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charles, Emmanuel G. 0000-0002-3338-4958 echarles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3338-4958","contributorId":4280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charles","given":"Emmanuel","email":"echarles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, Robert S. rnichol@usgs.gov","contributorId":2283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Robert","email":"rnichol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70041944,"text":"70041944 - 2012 - Comparison of five modelling techniques to predict the spatial distribution and abundance of seabirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T16:04:24","indexId":"70041944","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of five modelling techniques to predict the spatial distribution and abundance of seabirds","docAbstract":"Knowledge about the spatial distribution of seabirds at sea is important for conservation. During marine conservation planning, logistical constraints preclude seabird surveys covering the complete area of interest and spatial distribution of seabirds is frequently inferred from predictive statistical models. Increasingly complex models are available to relate the distribution and abundance of pelagic seabirds to environmental variables, but a comparison of their usefulness for delineating protected areas for seabirds is lacking. Here we compare the performance of five modelling techniques (generalised linear models, generalised additive models, Random Forest, boosted regression trees, and maximum entropy) to predict the distribution of Balearic Shearwaters (Puffinus mauretanicus) along the coast of the western Iberian Peninsula. We used ship transect data from 2004 to 2009 and 13 environmental variables to predict occurrence and density, and evaluated predictive performance of all models using spatially segregated test data. Predicted distribution varied among the different models, although predictive performance varied little. An ensemble prediction that combined results from all five techniques was robust and confirmed the existence of marine important bird areas for Balearic Shearwaters in Portugal and Spain. Our predictions suggested additional areas that would be of high priority for conservation and could be proposed as protected areas. Abundance data were extremely difficult to predict, and none of five modelling techniques provided a reliable prediction of spatial patterns. We advocate the use of ensemble modelling that combines the output of several methods to predict the spatial distribution of seabirds, and use these predictions to target separate surveys assessing the abundance of seabirds in areas of regular use.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.013","usgsCitation":"O’Connell, A.F., Gardner, B., Oppel, S., Meirinho, A., Ramírez, I., Miller, P.I., and Louzao, M., 2012, Comparison of five modelling techniques to predict the spatial distribution and abundance of seabirds: Biological Conservation, v. 156, p. 94-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.013.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"94","endPage":"104","ipdsId":"IP-034010","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://osf.io/7tk3e","text":"External Repository"},{"id":264652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264651,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.013"}],"country":"Portugal;Spain","volume":"156","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391c0e4b062c7914ebd8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Connell, Allan F. 0000-0001-7032-7023 aoconnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Allan","email":"aoconnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, Beth","contributorId":91612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Beth","affiliations":[{"id":13553,"text":"University of Washington-Seattle","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oppel, Steffen","contributorId":44432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oppel","given":"Steffen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meirinho, Ana","contributorId":54480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meirinho","given":"Ana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ramírez, Iván","contributorId":16724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramírez","given":"Iván","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Peter I.","contributorId":31645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Louzao, Maite","contributorId":30884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Louzao","given":"Maite","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70041960,"text":"ofr20121254 - 2012 - Vitrinite reflectance data for Cretaceous marine shales and coals in the Bighorn Basin, north-central Wyoming and south-central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T16:05:43","indexId":"ofr20121254","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1254","title":"Vitrinite reflectance data for Cretaceous marine shales and coals in the Bighorn Basin, north-central Wyoming and south-central Montana","docAbstract":"The Bighorn Basin is a large Laramide (Late Cretaceous through Eocene) structural and sedimentary basin that encompasses about 10,400 square miles in north-central Wyoming and south-central Montana. The purpose of this report is to present new vitrinite reflectance data collected from Cretaceous marine shales and coals in the Bighorn Basin to better characterize the thermal maturity and petroleum potential of these rocks. Ninety-eight samples from Lower Cretaceous and lowermost Upper Cretaceous strata were collected from well cuttings from wells stored at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Core Research Center in Lakewood, Colorado.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121254","usgsCitation":"Pawlewicz, M.J., and Finn, T.M., 2012, Vitrinite reflectance data for Cretaceous marine shales and coals in the Bighorn Basin, north-central Wyoming and south-central Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1254, iii, 11 p.; col. ill.; map (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121254.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p.; col. ill.; map (col.)","startPage":"i","endPage":"11","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1254.gif"},{"id":264653,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1254/"},{"id":264654,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1254/OF12-1254.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming;Montana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.05,40.9947 ], [ -116.05,49.0 ], [ -104.04,49.0 ], [ -104.04,40.9947 ], [ -116.05,40.9947 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391e2e4b062c7914ebda9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pawlewicz, Mark J. pawlewicz@usgs.gov","contributorId":752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlewicz","given":"Mark","email":"pawlewicz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, Thomas M. 0000-0001-6396-9351 finn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6396-9351","contributorId":778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Thomas","email":"finn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70041948,"text":"70041948 - 2012 - Afterslip, tremor, and the Denali fault earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T15:00:22","indexId":"70041948","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Afterslip, tremor, and the Denali fault earthquake","docAbstract":"We tested the hypothesis that afterslip should be accompanied by tremor using observations of seismic and aseismic deformation surrounding the 2002 M 7.9 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake (DFE). Afterslip happens more frequently than spontaneous slow slip and has been observed in a wider range of tectonic environments, and thus the existence or absence of tremor accompanying afterslip may provide new clues about tremor generation. We also searched for precursory tremor, as a proxy for posited accelerating slip leading to rupture. Our search yielded no tremor during the five days prior to the DFE or in several intervals in the three months after. This negative result and an array of other observations all may be explained by rupture penetrating below the presumed locked zone into the frictional transition zone. While not unique, such an explanation corroborates previous models of megathrust and transform earthquake ruptures that extend well into the transition zone.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120110142","usgsCitation":"Gomberg, J., Prejean, S., and Ruppert, N., 2012, Afterslip, tremor, and the Denali fault earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 102, no. 2, p. 892-899, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110142.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"892","endPage":"899","ipdsId":"IP-027363","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264643,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120110142"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali Fault","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,51.21 ], [ 172.45,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.45,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"102","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391aee4b062c7914ebd7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomberg, Joan","contributorId":77919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"Joan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prejean, Stephanie","contributorId":61916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prejean","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppert, Natalia","contributorId":27764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Natalia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70041949,"text":"70041949 - 2012 - Contemporary seismicity in and around the Yakima-Fold-and-Thrust Belt in eastern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T17:51:07.660356","indexId":"70041949","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contemporary seismicity in and around the Yakima-Fold-and-Thrust Belt in eastern Washington","docAbstract":"We examined characteristics of routinely cataloged seismicity from 1970 to the present in and around the Yakima fold‐and‐thrust belt (YFTB) in eastern Washington to determine if the characteristics of contemporary seismicity provide clues about regional‐scale active tectonics or about more localized, near‐surface processes. We employed new structural and hydrologic models of the Columbia River basalts (CRB) and found that one‐third to one‐half of the cataloged earthquakes occur within the CRB and that these CRB earthquakes exhibit significantly more clustered, and swarmlike, behavior than those outside. These results and inferences from published studies led us to hypothesize that clustered seismicity is likely associated with hydrologic changes in the CRB, which hosts the regional aquifer system. While some general features of the regional groundwater system support this hypothesis, seismicity patterns and mapped long‐term changes in groundwater levels and present‐day irrigation neither support nor refute it. Regional tectonic processes and crustal‐scale structures likely influence the distribution of earthquakes both outside and within the CRB as well. We based this inference on qualitatively assessed alignments between the dominant northwest trends in the geologic structure and the seismicity generally and between specific faults and characteristics of the 2009 Wooded Island swarm and aseismic slip, which is the only cluster studied in detail and the most vigorous since regional monitoring began.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120110065","usgsCitation":"Gomberg, J., Sherrod, B., Trautman, M., Burns, E., and Snyder, D., 2012, Contemporary seismicity in and around the Yakima-Fold-and-Thrust Belt in eastern Washington: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 102, no. 1, p. 309-320, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110065.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"320","ipdsId":"IP-028004","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2152/43250","text":"External Repository"},{"id":264648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.431884765625,\n 46.0465484463062\n ],\n [\n -118.71276855468749,\n 46.0465484463062\n ],\n [\n -118.71276855468749,\n 47.212105775622426\n ],\n [\n -121.431884765625,\n 47.212105775622426\n ],\n [\n -121.431884765625,\n 46.0465484463062\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"102","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391c4e4b062c7914ebd8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomberg, J.","contributorId":95994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherrod, B.","contributorId":98510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trautman, M.","contributorId":44059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trautman","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, E. 0000-0002-1747-0506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-0506","contributorId":25434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Snyder, Diane","contributorId":60388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70041950,"text":"70041950 - 2012 - Summer-time use of west coast U. S. National Marine Sanctuaries by migrating sooty shearwaters (Puffinus griseus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T15:04:59","indexId":"70041950","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer-time use of west coast U. S. National Marine Sanctuaries by migrating sooty shearwaters (Puffinus griseus)","docAbstract":"Non-breeding sooty shearwaters are the most abundant seabird in the California Current Large Marine\nEcosystem (CCLME) during boreal spring and summer months. This, combined with relatively great\nenergy demands, reliance on patchy, shoaling prey (krill, squid, and forage fishes), and unconstrained\nmobility free from central-place-foraging demands—make shearwaters useful indicators of ecosystem\nvariability. During 2008 and 2009, we used satellite telemetry to evaluate shearwater ranging patterns\nthroughout the CCLME and specifically within the US Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) among birds captured\nat three locations: Columbia River Plume, WA; Monterey Bay, CA; and Santa Barbara Channel,\nCA. Shearwaters ranged throughout the entire CCLME from southeast Alaska to southern Baja California,\nMexico. Within the EEZ during 2008 and 2009, shearwaters spent 68% and 46% of time over the shelf\n(<200 m), 27% and 43% of time over the slope (200–1000 m), and 5% and 11% of time over the continental\nrise and abyssal regions (>1000 m), respectively. In 2008 and 2009, shearwaters spent 22% and 25% of\ntheir time in the EEZ within the five west coast National Marine Sanctuaries, respectively; high utilization\noccurred in non-sanctuary waters of the EEZ. Shearwater utilization distribution (based on the Brownianbridge\nmovement model) among sanctuaries was disproportionate according to sanctuary availability\n(based on area) within the EEZ. Shearwaters utilized the Monterey Bay sanctuary (2008, 2009) and the\nChannel Islands sanctuary (2009) disproportionately more than other sanctuaries. Although all five sanctuaries\nwere used by shearwaters, waters outside sanctuary zones appeared significantly more important\nand likely supported large aggregations of shearwaters. Utilization distributions among individual birds\nfrom three discrete capture locations were variable and revealed greater similarity in space-use sharing\nwithin capture-location groupings and during 2008 when shearwaters were more aggregated than in\n2009. We identified several regional ‘‘habitat hotspot’’ areas, including the Columbia River Plume, Cape\nBlanco, Monterey Bay, Estero/San Luis Obispo Bays, and the eastern Santa Barbara Channel through the\ninner Southern California Bight.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2011.12.032","usgsCitation":"Adams, J., MacLeod, C., Suryan, R., Hyrenbach, K.D., and Harvey, J.T., 2012, Summer-time use of west coast U. S. National Marine Sanctuaries by migrating sooty shearwaters (Puffinus griseus): Biological Conservation, v. 156, p. 105-116, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.12.032.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"116","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-029386","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264646,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.12.032"}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Plume;Monterey Bay;Santa Barbara Channel","volume":"156","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391dae4b062c7914ebda1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Josh 0000-0003-3056-925X josh_adams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-925X","contributorId":2422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Josh","email":"josh_adams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacLeod, Catriona","contributorId":33601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacLeod","given":"Catriona","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Suryan, Robert M.","contributorId":101799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suryan","given":"Robert M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hyrenbach, K. David","contributorId":96173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyrenbach","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harvey, James T.","contributorId":31631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70039460,"text":"70039460 - 2012 - Impacts of climate change on biodiversity, ecosystems, and ecosystem services: technical input to the 2013 National Climate Assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-24T14:28:41","indexId":"70039460","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Impacts of climate change on biodiversity, ecosystems, and ecosystem services: technical input to the 2013 National Climate Assessment","docAbstract":"Ecosystems, and the biodiversity and services they support, are intrinsically dependent on climate. During the twentieth century, climate change has had documented impacts on ecological systems, and impacts are expected to increase as climate change continues and perhaps even accelerates. This technical input to the National Climate Assessment synthesizes our scientific understanding of the way climate change is affecting biodiversity, ecosystems, ecosystem services, and what strategies might be employed to decrease current and future risks. Building on past assessments of how climate change and other stressors are affecting ecosystems in the United States and around the world, we approach the subject from several different perspectives. First, we review the observed and projected impacts on biodiversity, with a focus on genes, species, and assemblages of species. Next, we examine how climate change is affecting ecosystem structural elements—such as biomass, architecture, and heterogeneity—and functions—specifically, as related to the fluxes of energy and matter. People experience climate change impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems as changes in ecosystem services; people depend on ecosystems for resources that are harvested, their role in regulating the movement of materials and disturbances, and their recreational, cultural, and aesthetic value. Thus, we review newly emerging research to determine how human activities and a changing climate are likely to alter the delivery of these ecosystem services. This technical input also examines two cross-cutting topics. First, we recognize that climate change is happening against the backdrop of a wide range of other environmental and anthropogenic stressors, many of which have caused dramatic ecosystem degradation already. This broader range of stressors interacts with climate change, and complicates our abilities to predict and manage the impacts on biodiversity, ecosystems, and the services they support. The second cross-cutting topic is the rapidly advancing field of climate adaptation, where there has been significant progress in developing the conceptual framework, planning approaches, and strategies for safeguarding biodiversity and other ecological resources. At the same time, ecosystem-based adaptation is becoming more prominent as a way to utilize ecosystem services to help human systems adapt to climate change. In this summary, we present key findings of the technical input, focusing on themes that can be found throughout the report. Thus, this summary takes a more integrated look at the question of how climate change is affecting our ecological resources, the implications for humans, and possible response strategies. This integrated approach better reflects the impacts of climate in the real world, where changes in ecosystem structure or function will alter the viability of different species and the efficacy of ecosystem services. Likewise, adaptation to climate change will simultaneously address a range of conservation goals. Case studies are used to illustrate this complete picture throughout the report; a snapshot of one case study, 2011 Las Conchas, New Mexico Fire, is included in this summary.
","language":"English","publisher":"United States Global Change Research Program","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","collaboration":"Cooperative Report to the 2013 National Climate Assessment","usgsCitation":"Staudinger, M.D., Grimm, N.B., Staudt, A., Carter, S.L., Stuart, F.S., Kareiva, P., Ruckelshaus, M., and Stein, B.A., 2012, Impacts of climate change on biodiversity, ecosystems, and ecosystem services: technical input to the 2013 National Climate Assessment, x, S-5, 1-4, 2-62, 3-58, 4-41, 5-36, 6-41, 7-6, A-8 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.).","productDescription":"x, S-5, 1-4, 2-62, 3-58, 4-41, 5-36, 6-41, 7-6, A-8 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.)","startPage":"i","endPage":"A-6","numberOfPages":"296","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038172","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264134,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://downloads.globalchange.gov/nca/technical_inputs/Biodiversity-Ecosystems-and-Ecosystem-Services-Technical-Input.pdf"},{"id":264135,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20b92e4b08b071e771b21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staudinger, Michelle D. 0000-0002-4535-2005 mstaudinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-2005","contributorId":4057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staudinger","given":"Michelle","email":"mstaudinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimm, Nancy B.","contributorId":44058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grimm","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24511,"text":"Arizona State University, Tempe AZ USA 85287","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":466286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Staudt, Amanda","contributorId":90613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staudt","given":"Amanda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carter, Shawn L. 0000-0002-0045-4681 scarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0045-4681","contributorId":3110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Shawn","email":"scarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stuart, F. Stuart III","contributorId":28876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuart","given":"F.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"Stuart","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kareiva, Peter","contributorId":58160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kareiva","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ruckelshaus, Mary","contributorId":99446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruckelshaus","given":"Mary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stein, Bruce A.","contributorId":9130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70041860,"text":"70041860 - 2012 - Predominant-period site classification for response spectra prediction equations in Italy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-18T10:46:56","indexId":"70041860","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":960,"text":"BSSA","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predominant-period site classification for response spectra prediction equations in Italy","docAbstract":"We propose a site‐classification scheme based on the predominant period of the site, as determined from the average horizontal‐to‐vertical (H/V) spectral ratios of ground motion. Our scheme extends Zhao et al. (2006) classifications by adding two classes, the most important of which is defined by flat H/V ratios with amplitudes less than 2. The proposed classification is investigated by using 5%‐damped response spectra from Italian earthquake records. We select a dataset of 602 three‐component analog and digital recordings from 120 earthquakes recorded at 214 seismic stations within a hypocentral distance of 200 km. Selected events are in the moment‐magnitude range 4.0≤Mw≤6.8 and focal depths from a few kilometers to 46 km. We computed H/V ratios for these data and used them to classify each site into one of six classes. We then investigate the impact of this classification scheme on empirical ground‐motion prediction equations (GMPEs) by comparing its performance with that of the conventional rock/soil classification. Although the adopted approach results in only a small reduction of the overall standard deviation, the use of H/V spectral ratios in site classification does capture the signature of sites with flat frequency‐response, as well as deep and shallow‐soil profiles, characterized by long‐ and short‐period resonance, respectively; in addition, the classification scheme is relatively quick and inexpensive, which is an advantage over schemes based on measurements of shear‐wave velocity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"BSSA","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120110084","usgsCitation":"Di Alessandro, C., Bonilla, L.F., Boore, D.M., Rovelli, A., and Scotti, O., 2012, Predominant-period site classification for response spectra prediction equations in Italy: BSSA, p. 680-695, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110084.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"680","endPage":"695","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-029087","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264094,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264093,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120110084"}],"country":"Italy","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20bb0e4b08b071e771b38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Di Alessandro, Carola","contributorId":43436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Di Alessandro","given":"Carola","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonilla, Luis Fabian","contributorId":17894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonilla","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"Fabian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boore, David M. boore@usgs.gov","contributorId":2509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rovelli, Antonio","contributorId":79378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rovelli","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12533,"text":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Palermo- Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scotti, Oona","contributorId":38873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scotti","given":"Oona","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70041920,"text":"sir20125236 - 2012 - Numerical simulation of groundwater movement and managed aquifer recharge from Sand Hollow Reservoir, Hurricane Bench area, Washington County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T10:28:36","indexId":"sir20125236","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5236","title":"Numerical simulation of groundwater movement and managed aquifer recharge from Sand Hollow Reservoir, Hurricane Bench area, Washington County, Utah","docAbstract":"The Hurricane Bench area of Washington County, Utah, is a 70 square-mile area extending south from the Virgin River and encompassing Sand Hollow basin. Sand Hollow Reservoir, located on Hurricane Bench, was completed in March 2002 and is operated primarily as a managed aquifer recharge project by the Washington County Water Conservancy District. The reservoir is situated on a thick sequence of the Navajo Sandstone and Kayenta Formation. Total recharge to the underlying Navajo aquifer from the reservoir was about 86,000 acre-feet from 2002 to 2009. Natural recharge as infiltration of precipitation was approximately 2,100 acre-feet per year for the same period. Discharge occurs as seepage to the Virgin River, municipal and irrigation well withdrawals, and seepage to drains at the base of reservoir dams. Within the Hurricane Bench area, unconfined groundwater-flow conditions generally exist throughout the Navajo Sandstone. Navajo Sandstone hydraulic-conductivity values from regional aquifer testing range from 0.8 to 32 feet per day. The large variability in hydraulic conductivity is attributed to bedrock fractures that trend north-northeast across the study area.
A numerical groundwater-flow model was developed to simulate groundwater movement in the Hurricane Bench area and to simulate the movement of managed aquifer recharge from Sand Hollow Reservoir through the groundwater system. The model was calibrated to combined steady- and transient-state conditions. The steady-state portion of the simulation was developed and calibrated by using hydrologic data that represented average conditions for 1975. The transient-state portion of the simulation was developed and calibrated by using hydrologic data collected from 1976 to 2009. Areally, the model grid was 98 rows by 76 columns with a variable cell size ranging from about 1.5 to 25 acres. Smaller cells were used to represent the reservoir to accurately simulate the reservoir bathymetry and nearby monitoring wells; larger cells were used in the northern and southern portions of the model where water-level data were limited. Vertically, the aquifer system was divided into 10 layers, which incorporated the Navajo Sandstone and Kayenta Formation. The model simulated recharge to the groundwater system as natural infiltration of precipitation and as infiltration of managed aquifer recharge from Sand Hollow Reservoir. Groundwater discharge was simulated as well withdrawals, shallow drains at the base of reservoir dams, and seepage to the Virgin River. During calibration, variables were adjusted within probable ranges to minimize differences among model-simulated and observed water levels, groundwater travel times, drain discharges, and monthly estimated reservoir recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125236","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Washington County Water Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Marston, T.M., and Heilweil, V.M., 2012, Numerical simulation of groundwater movement and managed aquifer recharge from Sand Hollow Reservoir, Hurricane Bench area, Washington County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5236, vi, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125236.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5236.jpg"},{"id":264129,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5236/"},{"id":264130,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5236/pdf/sir20125236.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Washington County","otherGeospatial":"Sand Hollow Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.39374,37.101658 ], [ -113.39374,37.127394 ], [ -113.35936,37.127394 ], [ -113.35936,37.101658 ], [ -113.39374,37.101658 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20bace4b08b071e771b34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marston, Thomas M. 0000-0003-1053-4172 tmarston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1053-4172","contributorId":3272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marston","given":"Thomas","email":"tmarston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heilweil, Victor M. heilweil@usgs.gov","contributorId":837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilweil","given":"Victor","email":"heilweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70041864,"text":"70041864 - 2012 - Fixed bed sorption of phosphorus from wastewater using iron oxide-based media derived from acid mine drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T07:53:38","indexId":"70041864","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fixed bed sorption of phosphorus from wastewater using iron oxide-based media derived from acid mine drainage","docAbstract":"Phosphorus (P) releases to the environment have been implicated in the eutrophication of important water bodies worldwide. Current technology for the removal of P from wastewaters consists of treatment with aluminum (Al) or iron (Fe) salts, but is expensive. The neutralization of acid mine drainage (AMD) generates sludge rich in Fe and Al oxides that has hitherto been considered a waste product, but these sludges could serve as an economical adsorption media for the removal of P from wastewaters. Therefore, we have evaluated an AMD-derived media as a sorbent for P in fixed bed sorption systems. The homogenous surface diffusion model (HSDM) was used to analyze fixed bed test data and to determine the value of related sorption parameters. The surface diffusion modulus Ed was found to be a useful predictor of sorption kinetics. Values of Ed < 0.2 were associated with early breakthrough of P, while more desirable S-shaped breakthrough curves resulted when 0.2 < Ed < 0.5. Computer simulations of the fixed bed process with the HSDM confirmed that if Ed was known, the shape of the breakthrough curve could be calculated. The surface diffusion coefficient D s was a critical factor in the calculation of Ed and could be estimated based on the sorption test conditions such as media characteristics, and influent flow rate and concentration. Optimal test results were obtained with a relatively small media particle size (average particle radius 0.028 cm) and resulted in 96 % removal of P from the influent over 46 days of continuous operation. These results indicate that fixed bed sorption of P would be a feasible option for the utilization of AMD residues, thus helping to decrease AMD treatment costs while at the same time ameliorating the impacts of P contamination.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s11270-012-1262-x","usgsCitation":"Sibrell, P.L., and Tucker, T., 2012, Fixed bed sorption of phosphorus from wastewater using iron oxide-based media derived from acid mine drainage: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 223, no. 8, p. 5105-5117, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1262-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"5105","endPage":"5117","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264090,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1262-x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","city":"Brandy Camp","otherGeospatial":"Blue Valley","volume":"223","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20b82e4b08b071e771b15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sibrell, Philip L. psibrell@usgs.gov","contributorId":2006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sibrell","given":"Philip","email":"psibrell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tucker, T.W.","contributorId":85409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70041450,"text":"70041450 - 2012 - Low-level copper exposures increase visibility and vulnerability of juvenile coho salmon to cutthroat trout predators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T19:35:54.199227","indexId":"70041450","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low-level copper exposures increase visibility and vulnerability of juvenile coho salmon to cutthroat trout predators","docAbstract":"Copper contamination in surface waters is common in watersheds with mining activities or agricultural, industrial, commercial, and residential human land uses. This widespread pollutant is neurotoxic to the chemosensory systems of fish and other aquatic species. Among Pacific salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.), copper-induced olfactory impairment has previously been shown to disrupt behaviors reliant on a functioning sense of smell. For juvenile coho salmon (O. kisutch), this includes predator avoidance behaviors triggered by a chemical alarm cue (conspecific skin extract). However, the survival consequences of this sublethal neurobehavioral toxicity have not been explored. In the present study juvenile coho were exposed to low levels of dissolved copper (5-20 microg/L for 3 h) and then presented with cues signaling the proximity of a predator. Unexposed coho showed a sharp reduction in swimming activity in response to both conspecific skin extract and the upstream presence of a cutthroat trout predator (O. clarki clarki) previously fed juvenile coho. This alarm response was absent in prey fish that were exposed to copper. Moreover, cutthroat trout were more effective predators on copper-exposed coho during predation trials, as measured by attack latency, survival time, and capture success rate. The shift in predator-prey dynamics was similar when predators and prey were co-exposed to copper. Overall, we show that copper-exposed coho are unresponsive to their chemosensory environment, unprepared to evade nearby predators, and significantly less likely to survive an attack sequence. Our findings contribute to a growing understanding of how common environmental contaminants alter the chemical ecology of aquatic communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/11-2001.1","usgsCitation":"McIntyre, J.K., Baldwin, D., Beauchamp, D.A., and Scholz, N.L., 2012, Low-level copper exposures increase visibility and vulnerability of juvenile coho salmon to cutthroat trout predators: Ecological Applications, v. 22, no. 5, p. 1460-1471, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-2001.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1460","endPage":"1471","ipdsId":"IP-042329","costCenters":[{"id":204,"text":"Cooperative Research Unit Seattle","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381736,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20ba3e4b08b071e771b2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntyre, Jenifer K.","contributorId":52857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"Jenifer","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldwin, David H.","contributorId":94938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"David H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beauchamp, David A. 0000-0002-3592-8381 fadave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":4205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","email":"fadave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scholz, Nathaniel L.","contributorId":51618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholz","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}