{"pageNumber":"159","pageRowStart":"3950","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10458,"records":[{"id":70155070,"text":"70155070 - 2013 - Quantitative and qualitative approaches to identifying migration chronology in a continental migrant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-05T13:01:35","indexId":"70155070","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative and qualitative approaches to identifying migration chronology in a continental migrant","docAbstract":"<p>The degree to which extrinsic factors influence migration chronology in North American waterfowl has not been quantified, particularly for dabbling ducks. Previous studies have examined waterfowl migration using various methods, however, quantitative approaches to define avian migration chronology over broad spatio-temporal scales are limited, and the implications for using different approaches have not been assessed. We used movement data from 19 female adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) equipped with solar-powered global positioning system satellite transmitters to evaluate two individual level approaches for quantifying migration chronology. The first approach defined migration based on individual movements among geopolitical boundaries (state, provincial, international), whereas the second method modeled net displacement as a function of time using nonlinear models. Differences in migration chronologies identified by each of the approaches were examined with analysis of variance. The geopolitical method identified mean autumn migration midpoints at 15 November 2010 and 13 November 2011, whereas the net displacement method identified midpoints at 15 November 2010 and 14 November 2011. The mean midpoints for spring migration were 3 April 2011 and 20 March 2012 using the geopolitical method and 31 March 2011 and 22 March 2012 using the net displacement method. The duration, initiation date, midpoint, and termination date for both autumn and spring migration did not differ between the two individual level approaches. Although we did not detect differences in migration parameters between the different approaches, the net displacement metric offers broad potential to address questions in movement ecology for migrating species. Ultimately, an objective definition of migration chronology will allow researchers to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the extrinsic factors that drive migration at the individual and population levels. As a result, targeted conservation plans can be developed to support planning for habitat management and evaluation of long-term climate effects.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0075673","usgsCitation":"Beatty, W.S., Kesler, D.C., Webb, E.B., Raedeke, A.H., Naylor, L.W., and Humburg, D.D., 2013, Quantitative and qualitative approaches to identifying migration chronology in a continental migrant: PLoS ONE, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0075673.","productDescription":"e75673; 9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-09-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-045956","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0075673","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306440,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f1d6e4b0bc0bec0a0024","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beatty, William S. 0000-0003-0013-3113","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-3113","contributorId":146301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beatty","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kesler, Dylan C.","contributorId":14358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kesler","given":"Dylan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6769,"text":"University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Raedeke, Andrew H.","contributorId":94083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raedeke","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Naylor, Luke W.","contributorId":145840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naylor","given":"Luke","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Humburg, Dale D.","contributorId":79357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Humburg","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13073,"text":"Ducks Unlimited, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70192453,"text":"70192453 - 2013 - Magmatism, ash-flow tuffs, and calderas of the ignimbrite flareup in the western Nevada volcanic field, Great Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T13:12:44","indexId":"70192453","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magmatism, ash-flow tuffs, and calderas of the ignimbrite flareup in the western Nevada volcanic field, Great Basin, USA","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">The western Nevada volcanic field is the western third of a belt of calderas through Nevada and western Utah. Twenty-three calderas and their caldera-forming tuffs are reasonably well identified in the western Nevada volcanic field, and the presence of at least another 14 areally extensive, apparently voluminous ash-flow tuffs whose sources are unknown suggests a similar number of undiscovered calderas. Eruption and caldera collapse occurred between at least 34.4 and 23.3 Ma and clustered into five ∼0.5–2.7-Ma-long episodes separated by quiescent periods of ∼1.4 Ma. One eruption and caldera collapse occurred at 19.5 Ma. Intermediate to silicic lavas or shallow intrusions commonly preceded caldera-forming eruptions by 1–6 Ma in any specific area. Caldera-related as well as other magmatism migrated from northeast Nevada to the southwest through time, probably resulting from rollback of the formerly shallow-dipping Farallon slab. Calderas are restricted to the area northeast of what was to become the Walker Lane, although intermediate and effusive magmatism continued to migrate to the southwest across the future Walker Lane.</p><p id=\"p-2\">Most ash-flow tuffs in the western Nevada volcanic field are rhyolites, with approximately equal numbers of sparsely porphyritic (≤15% phenocrysts) and abundantly porphyritic (∼20–50% phenocrysts) tuffs. Both sparsely and abundantly porphyritic rhyolites commonly show compositional or petrographic evidence of zoning to trachydacites or dacites. At least four tuffs have volumes greater than 1000 km<sup>3</sup>, with one possibly as much as ∼3000 km<sup>3</sup>. However, the volumes of most tuffs are difficult to estimate, because many tuffs primarily filled their source calderas and/or flowed and were deposited in paleovalleys, and thus are irregularly distributed.</p><p id=\"p-3\">Channelization and westward flow of most tuffs in paleovalleys allowed them to travel great distances, many as much as ∼250 km (original distance) to what is now the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, which was not a barrier to westward flow of ash flows at that time. At least three tuffs flowed eastward across a north-south paleodivide through central Nevada. That tuffs could flow significant distances apparently uphill raises questions about the absolute elevation of the region and the elevation, relief, and location of the paleodivide.</p><p id=\"p-4\">Calderas are equant to slightly elongate, at least 12 km in diameter, and as much as 35 km in longest dimension. Exceptional exposure of two caldera complexes that resulted from extensional faulting and tilting show that calderas subsided as much as 5 km as large piston-like blocks; caldera walls were vertical to steeply inward dipping to depths ≥4–5 km, and topographic walls formed by slumping of wall rock into the caldera were only slightly outboard (≤1 km) of structural margins.</p><p id=\"p-5\">Most calderas show abundant post-collapse magmatism expressed as resurgent intrusions, ring-fracture intrusions, or intracaldera lavas that are closely related temporally (∼0–0.5 Ma younger) to caldera formation. Granitoid intrusions, which were emplaced at paleodepths ranging from &lt;1 to ∼7 km, are compositionally similar to both intracaldera ash-flow tuffs and post-caldera lavas. Therefore in the western Nevada volcanic field, erupted caldera-forming tuffs commonly were the upper parts of large magma chambers that retained considerable volumes of magma after tuff eruption.</p><p id=\"p-6\">Several calderas in the western Nevada volcanic field hosted large hydrothermal systems and underwent extensive hydrothermal alteration. Different types of hydrothermal systems (neutral-pH alkali-chloride and acid or low-pH magmatic-hydrothermal) may reflect proximity to (depth of) large resurgent intrusions. With the exception of the giant Round Mountain epithermal gold deposit, few known caldera-related hydrothermal systems are strongly mineralized. Major middle Cenozoic precious and base metal mineral deposits in and along the margins of the western Nevada volcanic field are mostly related to intrusive rocks that preceded caldera-forming eruptions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geosphere","doi":"10.1130/GES00867.1","usgsCitation":"Christopher D. Henry, and John, D.A., 2013, Magmatism, ash-flow tuffs, and calderas of the ignimbrite flareup in the western Nevada volcanic field, Great Basin, USA: Geosphere, v. 9, no. 3, p. 951-1008, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00867.1.","productDescription":"58 p.","startPage":"951","endPage":"1008","ipdsId":"IP-044884","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00867.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348889,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.4755859375,\n              34.59704151614417\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.005859375,\n              34.59704151614417\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.005859375,\n              42.68243539838623\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4755859375,\n              42.68243539838623\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4755859375,\n              34.59704151614417\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61029be4b06e28e9c25468","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christopher D. Henry","contributorId":177561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christopher D. Henry","affiliations":[{"id":6689,"text":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70192108,"text":"70192108 - 2013 - The 1960 tsunami on beach-ridge plains near Maullín, Chile: Landward descent, renewed breaches, aggraded fans, multiple predecessors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-21T08:40:03","indexId":"70192108","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":766,"text":"Andean Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 1960 tsunami on beach-ridge plains near Maullín, Chile: Landward descent, renewed breaches, aggraded fans, multiple predecessors","docAbstract":"<p>The Chilean tsunami of 22 May 1960 reamed out a breach and built up a fan as it flowed across a sparsely inhabited beach-ridge plain near Maullín, midway along the length of the tsunami source. Eyewitnesses to the flooding, interviewed mainly in 1988 and 1989, identified levels that the tsunami had reached on high ground, trees, and build- ings. The maximum levels fell, from about 10 m to 2 m, between the mouth of the tidal Río Maullín and an inundation limit nearly 5 km inland across the plain. Along this profile at Caulle, where the maximum flow depth was a few meters deep, airphotos taken in 1961 show breaches across a road on a sandy beach ridge. Inland from one of these breaches is a fan with branched distributaries. Today its breach holds a pond that has been changing into a marsh. The 1960 fan deposits, as much as 60 cm thick, are traceable inland for 120 m from the breach. They rest on a pasture soil above two additional sand bodies, each atop its own buried soil. The earlier of the pre-1960 sand bodies probably dates to AD 1270-1400, in which case its age is not statistically different from that of a sand sheet previously dated elsewhere near Maullín. The breach likely originated then and has been freshened twice. Evidence that the breach was freshened in 1960 includes a near-basal interval of cobble-size clasts of sediment and soil, most of them probably derived from the organic fill of pre-1960 breach. The cobbly interval is overlain by sand with ripple-drift laminae that record landward flow. The fan of another breach near Maullín, at Chanhué, also provides stratigraphic evidence for recurrent tsunamis, though not necessarily for the repeated use of the breach. These findings were anticipated a half century ago by descrip- tion of paired breaches and fans that the 1960 Chilean tsunami produced in Japan. Breaches and their fans may provide lasting evidence for tsunami inundation of beach-ridge plains. The breaches might be detectable by remote sensing, and the thickness of the fan deposits might help them outlast an ordinary tsunami sand sheet. Keywords: Tsunami, Erosion, Deposition, Hazard, Chile.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Andean Geology","doi":"10.5027/andgeoV40n3-a01","usgsCitation":"Atwater, B.F., Cisternas, M., Yulianto, E., Prendergast, A., Jankaew, K., Eipert, A., Fernando, W., Tejakusuma, I., Schiappacasse, I., and Sawai, Y., 2013, The 1960 tsunami on beach-ridge plains near Maullín, Chile: Landward descent, renewed breaches, aggraded fans, multiple predecessors: Andean Geology, v. 40, no. 3, p. 393-418, https://doi.org/10.5027/andgeoV40n3-a01.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"393","endPage":"418","ipdsId":"IP-037531","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5027/andgeov40n3-a01","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347322,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","state":"Llanquihue","city":"Maullín","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.24560546875,\n              -42.30981541568664\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.61962890625,\n              -42.30981541568664\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.61962890625,\n              -41.07935114946897\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.24560546875,\n              -41.07935114946897\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.24560546875,\n              -42.30981541568664\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2a9e4b0220bbd9d9fbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atwater, Brian F. 0000-0003-1155-2815 atwater@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2815","contributorId":3297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"Brian","email":"atwater@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cisternas, Marco","contributorId":120988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cisternas","given":"Marco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yulianto, E.","contributorId":94871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yulianto","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prendergast, A.","contributorId":64022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prendergast","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jankaew, K.","contributorId":84976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jankaew","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eipert, A.","contributorId":85392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eipert","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fernando, Warnakulasuriya","contributorId":197769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernando","given":"Warnakulasuriya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tejakusuma, Iwan","contributorId":197770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tejakusuma","given":"Iwan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schiappacasse, Ignacio","contributorId":197771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schiappacasse","given":"Ignacio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sawai, Yuki","contributorId":127509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawai","given":"Yuki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6981,"text":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":714268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70192301,"text":"70192301 - 2013 - Black bear density in Glacier National Park, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T09:57:40","indexId":"70192301","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Black bear density in Glacier National Park, Montana","docAbstract":"<p>We report the first abundance and density estimates for American black bears (<i>Ursus americanus</i>) in Glacier National Park (NP),Montana, USA.We used data from 2 independent and concurrent noninvasive genetic sampling methods—hair traps and bear rubs—collected during 2004 to generate individual black bear encounter histories for use in closed population mark–recapture models. We improved the precision of our abundance estimate by using noninvasive genetic detection events to develop individual-level covariates of sampling effort within the full and one-half mean maximum distance moved (MMDM) from each bear’s estimated activity center to explain capture probability heterogeneity and inform our estimate of the effective sampling area.Models including the one-halfMMDMcovariate received overwhelming Akaike’s Information Criterion support suggesting that buffering our study area by this distance would be more appropriate than no buffer or the full MMDM buffer for estimating the effectively sampled area and thereby density. Our modelaveraged super-population abundance estimate was 603 (95% CI¼522–684) black bears for Glacier NP. Our black bear density estimate (11.4 bears/100 km2, 95% CI¼9.9–13.0) was consistent with published estimates for populations that are sympatric with grizzly bears (U. arctos) and without access to spawning salmonids. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.356","usgsCitation":"Stetz, J.B., Kendall, K.C., and Macleod, A.C., 2013, Black bear density in Glacier National Park, Montana: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 38, no. 1, p. 60-70, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.356.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"70","ipdsId":"IP-045361","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/bbe229248951484a85366b0798f527ef","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.0543212890625,\n              49.001843917978526\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.993896484375,\n              48.929717630629554\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.884033203125,\n              48.89722676235673\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.72473144531251,\n              48.8936153614802\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.72473144531251,\n              48.79600890414036\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.697265625,\n              48.72358515157852\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.47753906249999,\n              48.56024979174329\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3182373046875,\n              48.46199462233164\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.1644287109375,\n              48.46563710044979\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.0216064453125,\n              48.50932644976633\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.93920898437499,\n              48.50932644976633\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.8128662109375,\n              48.44013426398058\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.7744140625,\n              48.40367941865281\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.69750976562499,\n              48.334343174592014\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.65905761718749,\n              48.26491251331118\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.521728515625,\n              48.25759852914997\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.31298828125,\n              48.29781249243716\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.258056640625,\n              48.425555463221066\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.41735839843749,\n              48.69096039092549\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.4283447265625,\n              48.73807825631017\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.48876953125,\n              48.76343113791796\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.62060546875,\n              48.94415123418794\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.609619140625,\n              48.99463598353405\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.0543212890625,\n              49.001843917978526\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2a9e4b0220bbd9d9fb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stetz, Jeff B.","contributorId":198142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stetz","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, Katherine C. 0000-0002-4831-2287 kkendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-2287","contributorId":3081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Katherine","email":"kkendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Macleod, Amy C.","contributorId":198141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Macleod","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047987,"text":"70047987 - 2013 - Introduction to a special section: Ecology, culture, and management of Burbot","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-12T11:09:47","indexId":"70047987","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction to a special section: Ecology, culture, and management of Burbot","docAbstract":"<p>The Burbot Lota lota is the only truly freshwater member of the cod family (Gadidae) and one of only two species of freshwater fish that have a circumpolar range (McPhail and Lindsey 1970; McPhail and Paragamian 2000). Two subspecies of Lota lota have been documented: Lota lota maculosa, which is found exclusively in North America from south of Great Slave Lake in Canada to the southern limit of its range; and Lota lota lota, which is found over the remainder of the species&rsquo; Nearctic range and its entire Eurasian range (Hubbs and Schultz 1941; Van Houdt et al. 2003). However, many recent authorities (e.g., Scott and Crossman 1973) do not designate subspecies. Burbot occupy the widest range of depths of all fishes found in the Laurentian Great Lakes basin (i.e., from small streams to at least 300 m in Lake Superior; Boyer et al. 1989). Worldwide, many Burbot populations are threatened or endangered or have been extirpated (reviewed by Stapanian et al. 2010). Due in part to its unpopularity as a sport and commercial fish in much of its range, the species is often ignored in fish management and conservation programs (McPhail and Paragamian 2000; Stapanian et al. 2008, 2010). Even basic information on Burbot ecology, particularly its early life history and spawning habitats and sites, is lacking. This lack of information is particularly troubling because Burbot are an indicator of the health of coldwater systems (Stapanian et al. 2010). Efforts to rehabilitate or restore imperiled populations include culturing early life stages. Burbot larvae are difficult to culture for a variety of reasons, including their delicate body structure, small size at hatch, and live-feed requirement for at least 5 weeks following alimentary tract development.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2013.837097","usgsCitation":"Stapanian, M.A., and Madenjian, C.P., 2013, Introduction to a special section: Ecology, culture, and management of Burbot: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 142, no. 6, p. 1659-1661, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2013.837097.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1659","endPage":"1661","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048955","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"142","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579dcffee4b0589fa1cbda7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapanian, Martin A. 0000-0001-8173-4273 mstapanian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-4273","contributorId":3425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"Martin","email":"mstapanian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70190485,"text":"70190485 - 2013 - New microsatellite loci isolated via next-generation sequencing for two endangered pronghorn from the Sonoran Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-05T09:14:56","indexId":"70190485","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1325,"text":"Conservation Genetics Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New microsatellite loci isolated via next-generation sequencing for two endangered pronghorn from the Sonoran Desert","docAbstract":"We isolated 16 novel microsatellite loci in two subspecies of endangered desert pronghorns (Antilocapra americana sonoriensis and Antilocapra americana peninsularis) using a shotgun pyrosequencing approach. All and 87.5 % of the loci were polymorphic within each subspecies, respectively. The mean number of alleles per locus was 4.86 (range 2–8) and 2.5 alleles per locus (range 1–4 alleles), and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.13 to 0.78 (mean 0.48) and 0.00 to 0.61 (mean 0.31), respectively. We did not find significant linkage disequilibrium among loci pairs and only one locus deviated significantly from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in peninsularis.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12686-012-9749-8","usgsCitation":"Munguia-Vega, A., Klimova, A., and Culver, M., 2013, New microsatellite loci isolated via next-generation sequencing for two endangered pronghorn from the Sonoran Desert: Conservation Genetics Resources, v. 5, no. 1, p. 125-127, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-012-9749-8.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"127","ipdsId":"IP-056778","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345451,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59afb79fe4b0e9bde135113f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munguia-Vega, Adrian","contributorId":56909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munguia-Vega","given":"Adrian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klimova, Anastasia","contributorId":131029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klimova","given":"Anastasia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Culver, Melanie 0000-0001-5380-3059 mculver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5380-3059","contributorId":4327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"Melanie","email":"mculver@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":127,"text":"Arizona Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70192322,"text":"70192322 - 2013 - Use of fragile geologic structures as indicators of unexceeded ground motions and direct constraints on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T10:31:13","indexId":"70192322","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":960,"text":"BSSA","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of fragile geologic structures as indicators of unexceeded ground motions and direct constraints on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis","docAbstract":"We present a quantitative procedure for constraining probabilistic seismic hazard analysis results at a given site, based on the existence of fragile geologic structures at that site. We illustrate this procedure by analyzing precarious rocks and undamaged lithophysae at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The key metric is the probability that the feature would have survived to the present day, assuming that the hazard results are correct. If the fragile geologic structure has an extremely low probability of having survived (which would be inconsistent with the observed survival of the structure), then the calculations illustrate how much the hazard would have to be reduced to result in a nonnegligible survival probability. The calculations are able to consider structures the predicted failure probabilities of which are a function of one or more ground‐motion parameters, as well as structures that either rapidly or slowly evolved to their current state over time. These calculations are the only way to validate seismic hazard curves over long periods of time.","language":"English","publisher":"BSSA","doi":"10.1785/0120120202","usgsCitation":"Baker, J.W., Whitney, J.W., Hanks, T.C., Abramson, N.A., and Board, M.P., 2013, Use of fragile geologic structures as indicators of unexceeded ground motions and direct constraints on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis: BSSA, v. 103, no. 3, p.  1898-1911, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120202.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":" 1898","endPage":"1911","ipdsId":"IP-038935","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347318,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2a9e4b0220bbd9d9fb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, J. W. 0000-0003-2744-9599","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2744-9599","contributorId":198187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitney, John W. 0000-0003-3824-3692 jwhitney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-3692","contributorId":804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"John","email":"jwhitney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanks, Thomas C. 0000-0003-0928-0056 thanks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0928-0056","contributorId":3065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanks","given":"Thomas","email":"thanks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Abramson, Norman A.","contributorId":198189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abramson","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Board, Mark P.","contributorId":198188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Board","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70188506,"text":"70188506 - 2013 - Sea-level change during the last 2500 years in New Jersey, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-23T16:15:12","indexId":"70188506","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea-level change during the last 2500 years in New Jersey, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Relative sea-level changes during the last ∼2500 years in New Jersey, USA were reconstructed to test if late Holocene sea level was stable or included persistent and distinctive phases of variability. Foraminifera and bulk-sediment δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C values were combined to reconstruct paleomarsh elevation with decimeter precision from sequences of salt-marsh sediment at two sites using a multi-proxy approach. The additional paleoenvironmental information provided by bulk-sediment δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C values reduced vertical uncertainty in the sea-level reconstruction by about one third of that estimated from foraminifera alone using a transfer function. The history of sediment deposition was constrained by a composite chronology. An age–depth model developed for each core enabled reconstruction of sea level with multi-decadal resolution. Following correction for land-level change (1.4&nbsp;mm/yr), four successive and sustained (multi-centennial) sea-level trends were objectively identified and quantified (95% confidence interval) using error-in-variables change point analysis to account for age and sea-level uncertainties. From at least 500&nbsp;BC to 250&nbsp;AD, sea-level fell at 0.11&nbsp;mm/yr. The second period saw sea-level rise at 0.62&nbsp;mm/yr from 250&nbsp;AD to 733&nbsp;AD. Between 733&nbsp;AD and 1850&nbsp;AD, sea level fell at 0.12&nbsp;mm/yr. The reconstructed rate of sea-level rise since ∼1850&nbsp;AD was 3.1&nbsp;mm/yr and represents the most rapid period of change for at least 2500 years. This trend began between 1830&nbsp;AD and 1873&nbsp;AD. Since this change point, reconstructed sea-level rise is in agreement with regional tide-gauge records and exceeds the global average estimate for the 20th century. These positive and negative departures from background rates demonstrate that the late Holocene sea level was not stable in New Jersey.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.09.024","usgsCitation":"Kemp, A.C., Horton, B.P., Vane, C.H., Bernhardt, C.E., Corbett, D.R., Engelhart, S.E., Anisfeld, S.C., Parnell, A.C., and Cahill, N., 2013, Sea-level change during the last 2500 years in New Jersey, USA: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 81, p. 90-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.09.024.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"90","endPage":"104","ipdsId":"IP-051677","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/geo_facpubs/32","text":"External Repository"},{"id":342493,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.10827636718749,\n              40.15998434802335\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.739990234375,\n              39.3279240176903\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.608154296875,\n              39.25565142103588\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.42962646484375,\n              39.308800296002914\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.33624267578125,\n              39.42770738465604\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.2236328125,\n              39.523110951240696\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.17144775390625,\n              39.620499321968104\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.11651611328125,\n              39.68182601089365\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.06707763671875,\n              39.77054750039529\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.03961181640625,\n              39.928694653732364\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.02587890625,\n              40.0360265298117\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.00115966796875,\n              40.15998434802335\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.05334472656249,\n              40.22712123211294\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.10827636718749,\n              40.15998434802335\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"81","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59424b39e4b0764e6c65dc2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kemp, Andrew C.","contributorId":192892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kemp","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6936,"text":"Tufts University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, Benjamin P.","contributorId":192807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":5110,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vane, Christopher H.","contributorId":192893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vane","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bernhardt, Christopher E. 0000-0003-0082-4731 cbernhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4731","contributorId":2131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Christopher","email":"cbernhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Corbett, D. Reide","contributorId":192894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corbett","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Reide","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anisfeld, Shimon C.","contributorId":173724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anisfeld","given":"Shimon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Parnell, Andrew C.","contributorId":150753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parnell","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cahill, Niamh","contributorId":150754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahill","given":"Niamh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70148552,"text":"70148552 - 2013 - Intra-population variation in activity ranges, diel patterns, movement rates, and habitat use of American alligators in a subtropical estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-12T09:32:05","indexId":"70148552","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-20T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intra-population variation in activity ranges, diel patterns, movement rates, and habitat use of American alligators in a subtropical estuary","docAbstract":"<p>Movement and habitat use patterns are fundamental components of the behaviors of mobile animals and help determine the scale and types of interactions they have with their environments. These behaviors are especially important to quantify for top predators because they can have strong effects on lower trophic levels as well as the wider ecosystem. Many studies of top predator movement and habitat use focus on general population level trends, which may overlook important intra-population variation in behaviors that now appear to be common. In an effort to better understand the prevalence of intrapopulation variation in top predator movement behaviors and the potential effects of such variation on ecosystem dynamics, we examined the movement and habitat use patterns of a population of adult American alligators (<i>Alligator mississippiensis</i>) in a subtropical estuary for nearly four years. We found that alligators exhibited divergent behaviors with respect to activity ranges, movement rates, and habitat use, and that individualized behaviors were stable over multiple years. We also found that the variations across the three behavioral metrics were correlated such that consistent behavioral types emerged, specifically more exploratory individuals and more sedentary individuals. Our study demonstrates that top predator populations can be characterized by high degrees of intra-population variation in terms of movement and habitat use behaviors that could lead to individuals filling different ecological roles in the same ecosystem. By extension, one-size-fits-all ecosystem and species-specific conservation and management strategies that do not account for potential intra-population variation in top predator behaviors may not produce the desired outcomes in all cases.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2013.10.008","usgsCitation":"Rosenblatt, A.E., Heithaus, M.R., Mazzotti, F.M., Cherkiss, M.S., and Jeffery, B.M., 2013, Intra-population variation in activity ranges, diel patterns, movement rates, and habitat use of American alligators in a subtropical estuary: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 135, p. 182-190, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.10.008.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"182","endPage":"190","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051623","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301182,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"557c02d4e4b023124e8edf24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenblatt, Adam E.","contributorId":84206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenblatt","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heithaus, Michael R.","contributorId":42828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heithaus","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank M","contributorId":141160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13698,"text":"Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cherkiss, Michael S. 0000-0002-7802-6791 mcherkiss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-6791","contributorId":4571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherkiss","given":"Michael","email":"mcherkiss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jeffery, Brian M.","contributorId":16511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jeffery","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70059278,"text":"70059278 - 2013 - Performance of human fecal anaerobe-associated PCR-based assays in a multi-laboratory method evaluation study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-20T13:07:35","indexId":"70059278","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-19T11:52:31","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Performance of human fecal anaerobe-associated PCR-based assays in a multi-laboratory method evaluation study","docAbstract":"A number of PCR-based methods for detecting human fecal material in environmental waters have been developed over the past decade, but these methods have rarely received independent comparative testing in large multi-laboratory studies. Here, we evaluated ten of these methods (BacH, BacHum-UCD, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BtH), BsteriF1, gyrB, HF183 endpoint, HF183 SYBR, HF183 Taqman®, HumM2, and Methanobrevibacter smithii nifH (Mnif)) using 64 blind samples prepared in one laboratory. The blind samples contained either one or two fecal sources from human, wastewater or non-human sources. The assay results were assessed for presence/absence of the human markers and also quantitatively while varying the following: 1) classification of samples that were detected but not quantifiable (DNQ) as positive or negative; 2) reference fecal sample concentration unit of measure (such as culturable indicator bacteria, wet mass, total DNA, etc); and 3) human fecal source type (stool, sewage or septage). Assay performance using presence/absence metrics was found to depend on the classification of DNQ samples. The assays that performed best quantitatively varied based on the fecal concentration unit of measure and laboratory protocol. All methods were consistently more sensitive to human stools compared to sewage or septage in both the presence/absence and quantitative analysis. Overall, HF183 Taqman® was found to be the most effective marker of human fecal contamination in this California-based study.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.060","usgsCitation":"Layton, B.A., Cao, Y., Ebentier, D.L., Hanley, K., Balleste, E., Brandao, J., Byappanahalli, M., Converse, R., Farnleitner, A.H., Gentry-Shields, J.G., Gourmelon, M., Lee, C.S., Lee, J., Lozach, S., Madi, T., Meijer, W.G., Noble, R., Peed, L., Reischer, G.H., Rodrigues, R., Rose, J.B., Schriewer, A., Sinigalliano, C., Srinivasan, S., Stewart, J., Van De Werfhorst, Laurie, C., Wang, D., Whitman, R., Wuertz, S., Jay, J., Holden, P.A., Boehm, A., Shanks, O., and Griffith, J.F., 2013, Performance of human fecal anaerobe-associated PCR-based assays in a multi-laboratory method evaluation study: Water Research, v. 47, no. 18, p. 6897-6908, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.060.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"6897","endPage":"6908","ipdsId":"IP-044795","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280471,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280470,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.060"}],"volume":"47","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6ad1e4b0b29085103818","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Layton, Blythe A.","contributorId":20644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layton","given":"Blythe","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cao, Yiping","contributorId":37633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cao","given":"Yiping","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ebentier, Darcy L.","contributorId":13524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebentier","given":"Darcy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanley, Kaitlyn","contributorId":97416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanley","given":"Kaitlyn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Balleste, Elisenda","contributorId":96580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balleste","given":"Elisenda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brandao, Joao","contributorId":59716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandao","given":"Joao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.","contributorId":47335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byappanahalli","given":"Muruleedhara N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Converse, Reagan","contributorId":26617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Reagan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Farnleitner, Andreas H.","contributorId":23430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farnleitner","given":"Andreas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gentry-Shields, Jennifer Gidley Gidley, Maribeth L.","contributorId":45218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gentry-Shields","given":"Jennifer","suffix":"Gidley, Maribeth L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gidley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Gourmelon, Michele","contributorId":17128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gourmelon","given":"Michele","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lee, Chang Soo","contributorId":64988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Chang","email":"","middleInitial":"Soo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lee, Jiyoung","contributorId":67401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Jiyoung","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Lozach, Solen","contributorId":48086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lozach","given":"Solen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Madi, Tania","contributorId":95379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madi","given":"Tania","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Meijer, Wim G.","contributorId":67001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meijer","given":"Wim","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Noble, Rachel","contributorId":82212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Rachel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Peed, Lindsay","contributorId":54104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peed","given":"Lindsay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Reischer, Georg H.","contributorId":70684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reischer","given":"Georg","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Rodrigues, Raquel","contributorId":64989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodrigues","given":"Raquel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Rose, Joan B.","contributorId":81791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Joan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Schriewer, Alexander","contributorId":34420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schriewer","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Sinigalliano, Chris","contributorId":54877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinigalliano","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Srinivasan, Sangeetha","contributorId":21451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Srinivasan","given":"Sangeetha","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Stewart, Jill","contributorId":9951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jill","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Van De Werfhorst","contributorId":128045,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Van De Werfhorst","id":535614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Laurie, C.","contributorId":69466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laurie","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Wang, Dan","contributorId":88644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Whitman, Richard","contributorId":100811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Wuertz, Stefan","contributorId":64549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wuertz","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Jay, Jenny","contributorId":25858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Jenny","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Holden, Patricia A.","contributorId":56090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holden","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Boehm, Alexandria B.","contributorId":51616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehm","given":"Alexandria B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33},{"text":"Shanks, Orin","contributorId":67794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"Orin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34},{"text":"Griffith, John F.","contributorId":41325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":35}]}}
,{"id":70059277,"text":"70059277 - 2013 - Shallow groundwater and soil chemistry response to 3 years of subsurface drip irrigation using coalbed-methane-produced water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-20T11:33:09","indexId":"70059277","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-19T11:28:29","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow groundwater and soil chemistry response to 3 years of subsurface drip irrigation using coalbed-methane-produced water","docAbstract":"Disposal of produced waters, pumped to the surface as part of coalbed methane (CBM) development, is a significant environmental issue in the Wyoming portion of the Powder River Basin, USA. High sodium adsorption ratios (SAR) of the waters could degrade agricultural land, especially if directly applied to the soil surface. One method of disposing of CBM water, while deriving beneficial use, is subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), where acidified CBM waters are applied to alfalfa fields year-round via tubing buried 0.92 m deep. Effects of the method were studied on an alluvial terrace with a relatively shallow depth to water table (∼3 m). Excess irrigation water caused the water table to rise, even temporarily reaching the depth of drip tubing. The rise corresponded to increased salinity in some monitoring wells. Three factors appeared to drive increased groundwater salinity: (1) CBM solutes, concentrated by evapotranspiration; (2) gypsum dissolution, apparently enhanced by cation exchange; and (3) dissolution of native Na–Mg–SO<sub>4</sub> salts more soluble than gypsum. Irrigation with high SAR (∼24) water has increased soil saturated paste SAR up to 15 near the drip tubing. Importantly though, little change in SAR has occurred at the surface.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-013-1058-0","usgsCitation":"Bern, C., Boehlke, A., Engle, M.A., Geboy, N., Schroeder, K., and Zupancic, J., 2013, Shallow groundwater and soil chemistry response to 3 years of subsurface drip irrigation using coalbed-methane-produced water: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 21, no. 8, p. 1803-1820, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-013-1058-0.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1803","endPage":"1820","ipdsId":"IP-041437","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280469,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280455,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10040-013-1058-0"},{"id":280454,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-013-1058-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Johnson","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.372,43.4937 ], [ -107.372,44.5653 ], [ -106.0076,44.5653 ], [ -106.0076,43.4937 ], [ -107.372,43.4937 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"21","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7295e4b0b2908510865d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bern, Carleton R.","contributorId":59325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boehlke, Adam R. 0000-0003-4980-431X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-431X","contributorId":23835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehlke","given":"Adam R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Geboy, Nicholas J. ngeboy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geboy","given":"Nicholas J.","email":"ngeboy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schroeder, K.T.","contributorId":102113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zupancic, J.W.","contributorId":42808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zupancic","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70059177,"text":"70059177 - 2013 - Analysis of H<sub>2</sub>O in silicate glass using attenuated total reflectance (ATR) micro-FTIR spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-19T09:30:27","indexId":"70059177","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-19T09:17:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of H<sub>2</sub>O in silicate glass using attenuated total reflectance (ATR) micro-FTIR spectroscopy","docAbstract":"We present a calibration for attenuated total reflectance (ATR) micro-FTIR for analysis of H2O in hydrous glass. A Ge ATR accessory was used to measure evanescent wave absorption by H<sub>2</sub>O within hydrous rhyolite and other standards. Absorbance at 3450 cm<sup>−1</sup> (representing total H<sub>2</sub>O or H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>t</sub>) and 1630 cm<sup>−1</sup> (molecular H<sub>2</sub>O or H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>m</sub>) showed high correlation with measured H<sub>2</sub>O in the glasses as determined by transmission FTIR spectroscopy and manometry. For rhyolite,\n\nwt%H<sub>2</sub>O=245(&plusmn;9)&times;A<sub>3450</sub>-0.22(&plusmn;0.03)\n\nand\n\nwt%H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>m</sub>=235(&plusmn;11)&times;A<sub>1630</sub>-0.20(&plusmn;0.03)\n\nwhere A<sub>3450</sub> and A<sub>1630</sub> represent the ATR absorption at the relevant infrared wavelengths. The calibration permits determination of volatiles in singly polished glass samples with spot size down to ~5 μm (for H<sub>2</sub>O-rich samples) and detection limits of ~0.1 wt% H<sub>2</sub>O. Basaltic, basaltic andesite and dacitic glasses of known H<sub>2</sub>O concentrations fall along a density-adjusted calibration, indicating that ATR is relatively insensitive to glass composition, at least for calc-alkaline glasses. The following equation allows quantification of H<sub>2</sub>O in silicate glasses that range in composition from basalt to rhyolite:\n\nwt%H<sub>2</sub>O=(ω&times;A<sub>3450</sub>/ρ)+<i>b</i>\n\nwhere ω = 550 ± 21, b = −0.19 ± 0.03, ρ = density, in g/cm<sup>3</sup>, and A<sub>3450</sub> is the ATR absorbance at 3450 cm<sup>−1</sup>.\n\nThe ATR micro-FTIR technique is less sensitive than transmission FTIR, but requires only a singly polished sample for quantitative results, thus minimizing time for sample preparation. Compared with specular reflectance, it is more sensitive and better suited for imaging of H<sub>2</sub>O variations in heterogeneous samples such as melt inclusions. One drawback is that the technique can damage fragile samples and we therefore recommend mounting of unknowns in epoxy prior to polishing. Our calibration should hold for any Ge ATR crystals with the same incident angle (31°). Use of a different crystal type or geometry would require measurement of several H<sub>2</sub>O-bearing standards to provide a crystal-specific calibration.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Society of America","doi":"10.2138/am.2013.4466","usgsCitation":"Lowenstern, J.B., and Pitcher, B.W., 2013, Analysis of H<sub>2</sub>O in silicate glass using attenuated total reflectance (ATR) micro-FTIR spectroscopy: American Mineralogist, v. 98, no. 10, p. 1660-1668, https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2013.4466.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1660","endPage":"1668","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-045223","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280426,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280425,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2013.4466"}],"volume":"98","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52b4155ee4b029a4958c9c70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob B. 0000-0003-0464-7779 jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7779","contributorId":2755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","email":"jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitcher, Bradley W.","contributorId":37248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitcher","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70168902,"text":"70168902 - 2013 - Detectability of thermal signatures associated with active formation of ‘chaos terrain’ on Europa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-07T16:02:36","indexId":"70168902","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-15T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detectability of thermal signatures associated with active formation of ‘chaos terrain’ on Europa","docAbstract":"<p>A recent study by Schmidt et al. (2011) suggests that Thera Macula, one of the &ldquo;chaos regions&rdquo; on Europa, may be actively forming over a large liquid water lens. Such a process could conceivably produce a thermal anomaly detectable by a future Europa orbiter or flyby mission, allowing for a direct verification of this finding. Here, we present a set of models that quantitatively assess the surface and subsurface temperatures associated with an actively resurfacing chaos region using constraints from Thera Macula. The results of this numerical study suggest that the surface temperature over an active chaos region can be as high as &sim;200 K. However, low-resolution Galileo Photo-Polarimeter Radiometer (PPR) observations indicate temperatures below 120 K over Thera Macula. This suggests that Thera Macula is not currently active unless an insulating layer of at least a few centimeters in thickness is present, or activity is confined to small regions, reducing the overall intensity of the thermal signature. Alternatively, Thera may have been cooling for at least 10&ndash;100 yr and still contain a subsurface lake, which can take &sim;300,000 yr to crystallize. According to the present study, a more sensitive instrument capable of detecting anomalies &sim;5 K above ambient could detect activity at Thera Macula even if an insulating layer of &sim;50 cm is present.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2013.09.027","usgsCitation":"Abramov, O., Rathbun, J., Schmidt, B.E., and Spencer, J.R., 2013, Detectability of thermal signatures associated with active formation of ‘chaos terrain’ on Europa: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 384, p. 37-41, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.09.027.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042686","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Europa","volume":"384","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56deb441e4b015c306fb89b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abramov, Oleg oabramov@usgs.gov","contributorId":604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abramov","given":"Oleg","email":"oabramov@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rathbun, J.","contributorId":9814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, Britney E.","contributorId":167380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Britney","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spencer, John R.","contributorId":167381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spencer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70058665,"text":"70058665 - 2013 - Distribution and movement of Big Spring spinedace (<i>Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis</i>) in Condor Canyon, Meadow Valley Wash, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-12T09:35:47","indexId":"70058665","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-12T09:31:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and movement of Big Spring spinedace (<i>Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis</i>) in Condor Canyon, Meadow Valley Wash, Nevada","docAbstract":"Big Spring spinedace (Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis) is a cyprinid whose entire population occurs within a section of Meadow Valley Wash, Nevada. Other spinedace species have suffered population and range declines (one species is extinct). Managers, concerned about the vulnerability of Big Spring spinedace, have considered habitat restoration actions or translocation, but they have lacked data on distribution or habitat use. Our study occurred in an 8.2-km section of Meadow Valley Wash, including about 7.2 km in Condor Canyon and 0.8 km upstream of the canyon. Big Spring spinedace were present upstream of the currently listed critical habitat, including in the tributary Kill Wash. We found no Big Spring spinedace in the lower 3.3 km of Condor Canyon. We tagged Big Spring spinedace ≥70 mm fork length (range 70–103 mm) with passive integrated transponder tags during October 2008 (n = 100) and March 2009 (n = 103) to document movement. At least 47 of these individuals moved from their release location (up to 2 km). Thirty-nine individuals moved to Kill Wash or the confluence area with Meadow Valley Wash. Ninety-three percent of movement occurred in spring 2009. Fish moved both upstream and downstream. We found no movement downstream over a small waterfall at river km 7.9 and recorded only one fish that moved downstream over Delmue Falls (a 12-m drop) at river km 6.1. At the time of tagging, there was no significant difference in fork length or condition between Big Spring Spinedace that were later detected moving and those not detected moving. We found no significant difference in fork length or condition at time of tagging of Big Spring spinedace ≥70 mm fork length that were detected moving and those not detected moving. Kill Wash and its confluence area appeared important to Big Spring spinedace; connectivity with these areas may be key to species persistence. These areas may provide a habitat template for restoration or translocation. The lower 3.3 km of Meadow Valley Wash in Condor Canyon may be a good candidate section for habitat restoration actions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western North American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum","doi":"10.3398/064.073.0306","usgsCitation":"Jezorek, I.G., and Connolly, P., 2013, Distribution and movement of Big Spring spinedace (<i>Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis</i>) in Condor Canyon, Meadow Valley Wash, Nevada: Western North American Naturalist, v. 3, no. 73, p. 323-336, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.073.0306.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"336","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-039385","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502485,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol73/iss3/5","text":"External Repository"},{"id":280264,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280249,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3398/064.073.0306"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Meadow Valley Wash","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5207027,37.6147178 ], [ -114.5207027,37.6196828 ], [ -114.5105221,37.6196828 ], [ -114.5105221,37.6147178 ], [ -114.5207027,37.6147178 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"3","issue":"73","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52aadadee4b078ad3e40e334","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jezorek, Ian G. 0000-0002-3842-3485 ijezorek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3842-3485","contributorId":3572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jezorek","given":"Ian","email":"ijezorek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70125307,"text":"70125307 - 2013 - Comparative microhabitat characteristics at oviposition sites of the California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-26T15:05:12","indexId":"70125307","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-11T09:56:41","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1894,"text":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","onlineIssn":"2151-0733","printIssn":"1931-7603","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative microhabitat characteristics at oviposition sites of the California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>)","docAbstract":"We studied the microhabitat characteristics of 747 egg masses of the federally-threatened <i>Rana draytonii</i> (California red-legged frog) at eight sites in California. our study showed that a broad range of aquatic habitats are utilized by ovipositing <i>R. draytonii</i>, including sites with perennial and ephemeral water sources, natural and constructed wetlands, lentic and lotic hydrology, and sites surrounded by protected lands and nested within modified urban areas. We recorded 45 different egg mass attachment types, although the use of only a few types was common at each site. These attachment types ranged from branches and roots of riparian trees, emergent and submergent wetland vegetation, flooded upland grassland/ruderal vegetation, and debris. eggs were deposited in relatively shallow water (mean 39.7 cm) when compared to maximum site depths. We found that most frogs in artificial pond, natural creek, and artificial channel habitats deposited egg masses within one meter of the shore, while egg masses in a seasonal marsh averaged 27.3 m from the shore due to extensive emergent vegetation. <i>Rana draytonii</i> appeared to delay breeding in lotic habitats and in more inland sites compared to lentic habitats and coastal sites. eggs occurred as early as mid-december at a coastal artificial pond and as late as mid-April in an inland natural creek. We speculate that this delay in breeding may represent a method of avoiding high-flow events and/or freezing temperatures. Understanding the factors related to the reproductive needs of this species can contribute to creating, managing, or preserving appropriate habitat, and promoting species recovery.","language":"English","publisher":"Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation","publisherLocation":"Texarkana, TX","usgsCitation":"Alvarez, J.A., Cook, D.G., Yee, J.L., van Hattem, M.G., Fong, D.R., and Fisher, R.N., 2013, Comparative microhabitat characteristics at oviposition sites of the California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>): Herpetological Conservation and Biology, v. 8, no. 3, p. 539-551.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"551","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-051239","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328988,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.herpconbio.org/contents_vol8_issue3.html"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54195129e4b091c7ffc8e615","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alvarez, Jeff A.","contributorId":102404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, David G.","contributorId":48921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yee, Julie L. 0000-0003-1782-157X julie_yee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-157X","contributorId":3246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"Julie","email":"julie_yee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van Hattem, Michael G.","contributorId":67022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Hattem","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fong, Darren R.","contributorId":50833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fong","given":"Darren","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70057936,"text":"70057936 - 2013 - Sampling design for long-term regional trends in marine rocky intertidal communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-31T16:08:08.413272","indexId":"70057936","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-03T09:09:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sampling design for long-term regional trends in marine rocky intertidal communities","docAbstract":"Probability-based designs reduce bias and allow inference of results to the pool of sites from which they were chosen. We developed and tested probability-based designs for monitoring marine rocky intertidal assemblages at Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (GLBA), Alaska. A multilevel design was used that varied in scale and inference. The levels included aerial surveys, extensive sampling of 25 sites, and more intensive sampling of 6 sites. Aerial surveys of a subset of intertidal habitat indicated that the original target habitat of bedrock-dominated sites with slope ≤30° was rare. This unexpected finding illustrated one value of probability-based surveys and led to a shift in the target habitat type to include steeper, more mixed rocky habitat. Subsequently, we evaluated the statistical power of different sampling methods and sampling strategies to detect changes in the abundances of the predominant sessile intertidal taxa: barnacles Balanomorpha, the mussel Mytilus trossulus, and the rockweed Fucus distichus subsp. evanescens. There was greatest power to detect trends in Mytilus and lesser power for barnacles and Fucus. Because of its greater power, the extensive, coarse-grained sampling scheme was adopted in subsequent years over the intensive, fine-grained scheme. The sampling attributes that had the largest effects on power included sampling of “vertical” line transects (vs. horizontal line transects or quadrats) and increasing the number of sites. We also evaluated the power of several management-set parameters. Given equal sampling effort, sampling more sites fewer times had greater power. The information gained through intertidal monitoring is likely to be useful in assessing changes due to climate, including ocean acidification; invasive species; trampling effects; and oil spills.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-013-3078-6","usgsCitation":"Irvine, G.V., and Shelley, A., 2013, Sampling design for long-term regional trends in marine rocky intertidal communities: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 185, no. 8, p. 6963-6987, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3078-6.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"6963","endPage":"6987","numberOfPages":"25","ipdsId":"IP-028817","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -137.2632,58.1127 ], [ -137.2632,59.1534 ], [ -135.2637,59.1534 ], [ -135.2637,58.1127 ], [ -137.2632,58.1127 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"185","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"529efd72e4b01942f4ab8b92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irvine, Gail V. girvine@usgs.gov","contributorId":2368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Gail","email":"girvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shelley, Alice","contributorId":45618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelley","given":"Alice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046042,"text":"70046042 - 2013 - Use of seeded exotic grasslands by wintering birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T19:19:54.970657","indexId":"70046042","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T13:01:12","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3580,"text":"The Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of seeded exotic grasslands by wintering birds","docAbstract":"<p><span>Despite widespread population declines of North American grassland birds, effects of anthropogenic disturbance on wintering habitat of this guild remain poorly understood. We compared avian abundance and habitat structure in fields planted to the exotic grass Old World bluestem (</span><i>Bothriochloa ischaemum</i><span>; OWB) to that in native mixed-grass prairie. During winters of 2007–2008 and 2008–2009, we conducted bird and vegetation surveys in six native grass and six OWB fields in Garfield, Grant, and Alfalfa counties, Oklahoma. We recorded 24 species of wintering birds in native fields and 14 species in OWB monocultures. While vegetation structure was similar between field types, abundance of short-eared owls (</span><i>Asio flammeus</i><span>), northern harriers (</span><i>Circus cyaneus</i><span>) and Smith’s longspurs (</span><i>Calcarius pictus</i><span>) was higher in OWB fields during at least one year. The use of OWB fields by multiple species occupying different trophic positions suggested that vegetation structure of OWB can meet habitat requirements of some wintering birds, but there is insufficient evidence to determine if it provides superior conditions to native grasses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Great Plains Natural Science Society","usgsCitation":"George, A.D., O’Connell, T.J., Hickman, K.R., and Leslie, D.M., 2013, Use of seeded exotic grasslands by wintering birds: The Prairie Naturalist, v. 45, no. 2, p. 77-83.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-037997","costCenters":[{"id":515,"text":"Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286190,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":383026,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tpn/58/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Alfalfa County, Garfield County, Grant County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.6,36.4476 ], [ -98.6,36.8979 ], [ -97.7993,36.8979 ], [ -97.7993,36.4476 ], [ -98.6,36.4476 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535595d7e4b0120853e8c2dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"George, Andrew D.","contributorId":81014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Connell, Timothy J.","contributorId":58185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickman, Karen R.","contributorId":25461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. 0000-0002-3884-1484 cleslie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-1484","contributorId":2483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70125640,"text":"70125640 - 2013 - Seismic Station Installation Orientation Errors at ANSS and IRIS/USGS Stations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T12:58:39","indexId":"70125640","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T12:56:18","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic Station Installation Orientation Errors at ANSS and IRIS/USGS Stations","docAbstract":"<p>Many seismological studies depend on the published orientations of sensitive axes of seismic instruments relative to north (e.g., Li et al., 2011). For example, studies of the anisotropic structure of the Earth’s mantle through SKS‐splitting measurements (Long et al., 2009), constraints on core–mantle electromagnetic coupling from torsional normal‐mode measurements (Dumberry and Mound, 2008), and models of three‐dimensional (3D) velocity variations from surface waves (Ekström et al., 1997) rely on accurate sensor orientation. Unfortunately, numerous results indicate that this critical parameter is often subject to significant error (Laske, 1995; Laske and Masters, 1996; Yoshizawa et al., 1999; Schulte‐Pelkum et al., 2001; Larson and Ekström, 2002).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>For the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS; ANSS Technical Integration Committee, 2002), the Global Seismographic Network (GSN; Butler et al., 2004), and many other networks, sensor orientation is typically determined by a field engineer during installation. Successful emplacement of a seismic instrument requires identifying true north, transferring a reference line, and measuring the orientation of the instrument relative to the reference line. Such an exercise is simple in theory, but there are many complications in practice.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>There are four commonly used methods for determining true north at the ANSS and GSN stations operated by the USGS Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory (ASL), including gyroscopic, astronomical, Global Positioning System (GPS), and magnetic field techniques. A particular method is selected based on site conditions (above ground, below ground, availability of astronomical observations, and so on) and in the case of gyroscopic methods, export restrictions. Once a north line has been determined, it must be translated to the sensor location. For installations in mines or deep vaults, this step can include tracking angles through the one or more turns in the access tunnel leading to the vault (e.g., GSN station WCI in Wyandotte Cave, Indiana). Finally, the third source of error comes from the ability of field engineers to orient the sensor relative to the reference line.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In order to quantify bounds on the errors in each step in the orientation process, we conducted a series of tests at the ASL using twelve GSN and ANSS field engineers. The results from this exercise allow us to estimate upper bounds on the precision of our ability to orient instruments, as well as identify the sources of error in the procedures. We are also able to identify systematic bias of various true‐north‐finding methods relative to one another. Although we are unable to estimate the absolute accuracy of our orientation measurements due to our inability to identify true north without some error, the agreement between independent methods for finding true north provides confidence in the different approaches, assuming no systematic bias. Finally, our study neglects orientation errors that are beyond the control of the field engineer during a station visit. These additional errors can arise from deviations in the sensitive axes of the instruments relative to the case markings, processing errors (Holcomb, 2002) when comparing horizontal orientations relative to other sensors (e.g., borehole installations), and deviations of the sensitive axes of instruments from true orthogonality (e.g., instruments with separate modules such as the Streckeisen STS‐1).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0220130072","usgsCitation":"Ringler, A.T., Hutt, C.R., Persfield, K., and Gee, L., 2013, Seismic Station Installation Orientation Errors at ANSS and IRIS/USGS Stations: Seismological Research Letters, v. 84, no. 6, p. 926-931, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220130072.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"926","endPage":"931","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-045633","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294160,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294159,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220130072"}],"volume":"84","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541bf456e4b0e96537ddf87b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":3946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutt, Charles R. 0000-0001-9033-9195 bhutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-9195","contributorId":1622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutt","given":"Charles","email":"bhutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Persfield, K.","contributorId":87078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Persfield","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gee, Lind S. lgee@usgs.gov","contributorId":2247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"Lind S.","email":"lgee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046992,"text":"70046992 - 2013 - Raptor nesting near oil and gas development: an overview of key findings and implications for management based on four reports by HawkWatch International","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T14:58:08","indexId":"70046992","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T12:14:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":4,"text":"BLM Technical Note","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"432","title":"Raptor nesting near oil and gas development: an overview of key findings and implications for management based on four reports by HawkWatch International","docAbstract":"<p>The project was undertaken because of a paucity of \ninformation about the possible effects of OG operations \nand resource management on nesting raptors. BLM \nraptor management has included stipulations that \nrestricted human activity near raptor nests during the \nraptor nesting season. The BLM and the Department of \nEnergy (DOE), which provided financial support for the \nstudy, seek information that will contribute to enhancing \nOG extraction operations while providing environmental \nprotection, including raptor conservation.</p>\n<br>\n<p>This project used historical data from Utah and Wyoming. \nThe Price, Utah study area, as of 2006, contained more \nthan 1,100 wells, in a nearly uniform distribution at a \ndensity of one per quarter section (160-acre spacing). \nSome development occurred closer to existing nests \nbecause the nest sites had not been discovered or because \nthe land is administered by the State of Utah, without \nthese stipulations. The Rawlins, Wyoming study area \nincluded more than 4,200 OG wells in 2006. Compared to \nthe Price study area, wells at Rawlins were less regularly \ndistributed; reaching densities of one well per quarter \nsection (160-acre spacing) in some areas, but less dense \nelsewhere.</p> \n<br>\n<p>HWI compiled information from federal bureaus, \nstate agencies, and industry, and determined how to \nevaluate the effectiveness of spatial and temporal buffer \nrestrictions that have been applied within areas of OG \nextraction. HWI used the historical data to describe \npatterns of OG development relative to raptor nests, and \nto document changes in the distribution and breeding \nstatus of raptor nests relative to OG activities. HWI \nevaluated how these historical datasets were useful for \nquantifying the relationship between OG development \nand other human activities and nesting raptors. HWI \nassessed changes in Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis) \nnesting success and productivity, and in use of artificial \nnest structures (ANSs), which had been erected to reduce \nthe use by raptors of OG structures as nest substrates. \nAlso, HWI studied Accipiter species’ use of pinyon–\njuniper vegetation communities in the Piceance Basin \nof Colorado, described basic vegetation and landscape \ncharacteristics of nests, and offered recommendations \nabout surveying for accipiter hawks in pinyon–juniper \nlandscapes. Please read the HWI reports for details.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Land Management","collaboration":"Prepared for: U.S. Department of Interior","usgsCitation":"Fuller, M.R., 2013, Raptor nesting near oil and gas development: an overview of key findings and implications for management based on four reports by HawkWatch International: BLM Technical Note 432, iii, 11 p.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-015718","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281831,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7800e4b0abf75cf2c708","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70065872,"text":"70065872 - 2013 - Long-range hazard assessment of volcanic ash dispersal for a Plinian eruptive scenario at Popocatépetl volcano (Mexico): implications for civil aviation safety","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-04T12:25:01","indexId":"70065872","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T11:53:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-range hazard assessment of volcanic ash dispersal for a Plinian eruptive scenario at Popocatépetl volcano (Mexico): implications for civil aviation safety","docAbstract":"Popocatépetl is one of Mexico’s most active volcanoes threatening a densely populated area that includes Mexico City with more than 20 million inhabitants. The destructive potential of this volcano is demonstrated by its Late Pleistocene–Holocene eruptive activity, which has been characterized by recurrent Plinian eruptions of large magnitude, the last two of which destroyed human settlements in pre-Hispanic times. Popocatépetl’s reawakening in 1994 produced a crisis that culminated with the evacuation of two villages on the northeastern flank of the volcano. Shortly after, a monitoring system and a civil protection contingency plan based on a hazard zone map were implemented. The current volcanic hazards map considers the potential occurrence of different volcanic phenomena, including pyroclastic density currents and lahars. However, no quantitative assessment of the tephra hazard, especially related to atmospheric dispersal, has been performed. The presence of airborne volcanic ash at low and jet-cruise atmospheric levels compromises the safety of aircraft operations and forces re-routing of aircraft to prevent encounters with volcanic ash clouds. Given the high number of important airports in the surroundings of Popocatépetl volcano and considering the potential threat posed to civil aviation in Mexico and adjacent regions in case of a Plinian eruption, a hazard assessment for tephra dispersal is required. In this work, we present the first probabilistic tephra dispersal hazard assessment for Popocatépetl volcano. We compute probabilistic hazard maps for critical thresholds of airborne ash concentrations at different flight levels, corresponding to the situation defined in Europe during 2010, and still under discussion. Tephra dispersal mode is performed using the FALL3D numerical model. Probabilistic hazard maps are built for a Plinian eruptive scenario defined on the basis of geological field data for the “Ochre Pumice” Plinian eruption (4965 <sup>14</sup>C yr BP). FALL3D model input eruptive parameters are constrained through an inversion method carried out with the semi-analytical HAZMAP model and are varied by sampling them using probability density functions. We analyze the influence of seasonal variations on ash dispersal and estimate the average persistence of critical ash concentrations at relevant locations and airports. This study assesses the impact that a Plinian eruption similar to the Ochre Pumice eruption would have on the main airports of Mexico and adjacent areas. The hazard maps presented here can support long-term planning that would help minimize the impacts of such an eruption on civil aviation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-013-0789-z","usgsCitation":"Bonasia, R., Scaini, C., Capra, L., Nathenson, M., Siebe, C., Arana-Salinas, L., and Folch, A., 2013, Long-range hazard assessment of volcanic ash dispersal for a Plinian eruptive scenario at Popocatépetl volcano (Mexico): implications for civil aviation safety: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 76, no. 789, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-013-0789-z.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052850","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Popocatépetl Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.0,15.0 ], [ -120.0,30.0 ], [ -80.0,30.0 ], [ -80.0,15.0 ], [ -120.0,15.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"76","issue":"789","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd64f7e4b0b290850ffc85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonasia, Rosanna","contributorId":52481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonasia","given":"Rosanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scaini, Chirara","contributorId":46867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scaini","given":"Chirara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Capra, Lucia","contributorId":77836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capra","given":"Lucia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Siebe, Claus","contributorId":24121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siebe","given":"Claus","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arana-Salinas, Lilia","contributorId":79793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arana-Salinas","given":"Lilia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Folch, Arnau","contributorId":76219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folch","given":"Arnau","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70059910,"text":"70059910 - 2013 - Nutrient limitation of native and invasive N<sub>2</sub>-fixing plants in northwest prairies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-06T09:50:24","indexId":"70059910","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient limitation of native and invasive N<sub>2</sub>-fixing plants in northwest prairies","docAbstract":"Nutrient rich conditions often promote plant invasions, yet additions of non-nitrogen (N) nutrients may provide a novel approach for conserving native symbiotic N-fixing plants in otherwise N-limited ecosystems. Lupinus oreganus is a threatened N-fixing plant endemic to prairies in western Oregon and southwest Washington (USA). We tested the effect of non-N fertilizers on the growth, reproduction, tissue N content, and stable isotope δ<sup>15</sup>N composition of Lupinus at three sites that differed in soil phosphorus (P) and N availability. We also examined changes in other Fabaceae (primarily Vicia sativa and V. hirsuta) and cover of all plant species. Variation in background soil P and N availability shaped patterns of nutrient limitation across sites. Where soil P and N were low, P additions increased Lupinus tissue N and altered foliar δ<sup>15</sup>N, suggesting P limitation of N fixation. Where soil P was low but N was high, P addition stimulated growth and reproduction in Lupinus. At a third site, with higher soil P, only micro- and macronutrient fertilization without N and P increased Lupinus growth and tissue N. Lupinus foliar δ<sup>15</sup>N averaged −0.010‰ across all treatments and varied little with tissue N, suggesting consistent use of fixed N. In contrast, foliar δ<sup>15</sup>N of Vicia spp. shifted towards 0‰ as tissue N increased, suggesting that conditions fostering N fixation may benefit these exotic species. Fertilization increased cover, N fixation, and tissue N of non-target, exotic Fabaceae, but overall plant community structure shifted at only one site, and only after the dominant Lupinus was excluded from analyses. Our finding that non-N fertilization increased the performance of Lupinus with few community effects suggests a potential strategy to aid populations of threatened legume species. The increase in exotic Fabaceae species that occurred with fertilization further suggests that monitoring and adaptive management should accompany any large scale applications.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0084593","usgsCitation":"Thorpe, A.S., Perakis, S.S., Catricala, C., and Kaye, T.N., 2013, Nutrient limitation of native and invasive N<sub>2</sub>-fixing plants in northwest prairies: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 12, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084593.","productDescription":"9 p.","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050941","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084593","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280571,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084593"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Williamette Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.3875,43.9533 ], [ -123.3875,45.5987 ], [ -122.3438,45.5987 ], [ -122.3438,43.9533 ], [ -123.3875,43.9533 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd696ae4b0b29085102ab1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorpe, Andrea S.","contributorId":23840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorpe","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. sperakis@usgs.gov","contributorId":3117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven","email":"sperakis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Catricala, Christina ccatricala@usgs.gov","contributorId":5187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catricala","given":"Christina","email":"ccatricala@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":487838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kaye, Thomas N.","contributorId":97363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaye","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70137270,"text":"70137270 - 2013 - Genetic diversity and mutation of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (Newcastle disease virus) in wild birds and evidence for intercontinental spread","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-16T21:30:19","indexId":"70137270","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":892,"text":"Archives of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic diversity and mutation of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (Newcastle disease virus) in wild birds and evidence for intercontinental spread","docAbstract":"<p>Avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1), or Newcastle disease virus, is the causative agent of Newcastle disease, one of the most economically important diseases for poultry production worldwide and a cause of periodic epizootics in wild birds in North America. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of APMV-1 isolated from migratory birds sampled in Alaska, Japan, and Russia and assessed the evidence for intercontinental virus spread using phylogenetic methods. Additionally, we predicted viral virulence using deduced amino acid residues for the fusion protein cleavage site and estimated mutation rates for the fusion gene of class I and class II migratory bird isolates. All 73 isolates sequenced as part of this study were most closely related to virus genotypes previously reported for wild birds; however, five class II genotype I isolates formed a monophyletic clade exhibiting previously unreported genetic diversity, which met criteria for the designation of a new sub-genotype. Phylogenetic analysis of wild-bird isolates provided evidence for intercontinental virus spread, specifically viral lineages of APMV-1 class II genotype I sub-genotypes Ib and Ic. This result supports migratory bird movement as a possible mechanism for the redistribution of APMV-1. None of the predicted deduced amino acid motifs for the fusion protein cleavage site of APMV-1 strains isolated from migratory birds in Alaska, Japan, and Russia were consistent with those of previously identified virulent viruses. These data therefore provide no support for these strains contributing to the emergence of avian pathogens. The estimated mutation rates for fusion genes of class I and class II wild-bird isolates were faster than those reported previously for non-virulent APMV-1 strains. Collectively, these findings provide new insight into the diversity, spread, and evolution of APMV-1 in wild birds.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Union of Microbiological Societies","publisherLocation":"Wien","doi":"10.1007/s00705-013-1761-0","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Reeves, A.B., Ogawa, H., Ip, S., Imai, K., Bui, V.N., Yamaguchi, E., Silko, N.Y., and Afonso, C., 2013, Genetic diversity and mutation of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (Newcastle disease virus) in wild birds and evidence for intercontinental spread: Archives of Virology, v. 158, no. 12, p. 2495-2503, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-013-1761-0.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2495","endPage":"2503","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045479","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297060,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"158","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ba6e4b08de9379b3457","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeves, Andrew B. 0000-0002-7526-0726 areeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-0726","contributorId":167362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Andrew","email":"areeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ogawa, Haruko","contributorId":138522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ogawa","given":"Haruko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Imai, Kunitoshi","contributorId":138523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Imai","given":"Kunitoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bui, V. N.","contributorId":138558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bui","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yamaguchi, Emi","contributorId":138525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yamaguchi","given":"Emi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Silko, N. Y.","contributorId":138559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silko","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Afonso, C.L.","contributorId":42066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afonso","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70104616,"text":"70104616 - 2013 - The significance of ultra-refracted surface gravity waves on sheltered coasts, with application to San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:43:47","indexId":"70104616","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T08:19:30","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The significance of ultra-refracted surface gravity waves on sheltered coasts, with application to San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Ocean surface gravity waves propagating over shallow bathymetry undergo spatial modification of propagation direction and energy density, commonly due to refraction and shoaling. If the bathymetric variations are significant the waves can undergo changes in their direction of propagation (relative to deepwater) greater than 90° over relatively short spatial scales. We refer to this phenomenon as ultra-refraction. Ultra-refracted swell waves can have a powerful influence on coastal areas that otherwise appear to be sheltered from ocean waves. Through a numerical modeling investigation it is shown that San Francisco Bay, one of the earth's largest and most protected natural harbors, is vulnerable to ultra-refracted ocean waves, particularly southwest incident swell. The flux of wave energy into San Francisco Bay results from wave transformation due to the bathymetry and orientation of the large ebb tidal delta, and deep, narrow channel through the Golden Gate. For example, ultra-refracted swell waves play a critical role in the intermittent closure of the entrance to Crissy Field Marsh, a small restored tidal wetland located on the sheltered north-facing coast approximately 1.5 km east of the Golden Gate Bridge.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2013.08.022","usgsCitation":"Hanes, D., and Erikson, L.H., 2013, The significance of ultra-refracted surface gravity waves on sheltered coasts, with application to San Francisco Bay: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 133, p. 129-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.08.022.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"136","ipdsId":"IP-050810","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","volume":"133","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5377180ce4b02eab8669efe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erikson, L. H.","contributorId":21366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187704,"text":"70187704 - 2013 - An approach for characterizing the distribution of shrubland ecosystem components as continuous fields as part of NLCD","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T13:04:32","indexId":"70187704","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1958,"text":"ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An approach for characterizing the distribution of shrubland ecosystem components as continuous fields as part of NLCD","docAbstract":"<p><span>Characterizing and quantifying distributions of shrubland ecosystem components is one of the major challenges for monitoring shrubland vegetation cover change across the United States. A new approach has been developed to quantify shrubland components as fractional products within National Land Cover Database (NLCD). This approach uses remote sensing data and regression tree models to estimate the fractional cover of shrubland ecosystem components. The approach consists of three major steps: field data collection, high resolution estimates of shrubland ecosystem components using WorldView-2 imagery, and coarse resolution estimates of these components across larger areas using Landsat imagery. This research seeks to explore this method to quantify shrubland ecosystem components as continuous fields in regions that contain wide-ranging shrubland ecosystems. Fractional cover of four shrubland ecosystem components, including bare ground, herbaceous, litter, and shrub, as well as shrub heights, were delineated in three ecological regions in Arizona, Florida, and Texas. Results show that estimates for most components have relatively small normalized root mean square errors and significant correlations with validation data in both Arizona and Texas. The distribution patterns of shrub height also show relatively high accuracies in these two areas. The fractional cover estimates of shrubland components, except for litter, are not well represented in the Florida site. The research results suggest that this method provides good potential to effectively characterize shrubland ecosystem conditions over perennial shrubland although it is less effective in transitional shrubland. The fractional cover of shrub components as continuous elements could offer valuable information to quantify biomass and help improve thematic land cover classification in arid and semiarid areas.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.09.009","usgsCitation":"Xian, G.Z., Homer, C.G., Meyer, D., and Granneman, B.J., 2013, An approach for characterizing the distribution of shrubland ecosystem components as continuous fields as part of NLCD: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, v. 86, p. 136-149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.09.009.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"136","endPage":"149","ipdsId":"IP-046020","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341311,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Florida, Texas","volume":"86","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591abe39e4b0a7fdb43c8c01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xian, George Z. 0000-0001-5674-2204 xian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-2204","contributorId":2263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xian","given":"George","email":"xian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, Debbie 0000-0002-8841-697X debbie.meyer.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8841-697X","contributorId":192028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Debbie","email":"debbie.meyer.ctr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Granneman, Brian J. 0000-0002-1910-0955 grann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1910-0955","contributorId":4209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granneman","given":"Brian","email":"grann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70095754,"text":"70095754 - 2013 - An integrated model of environmental effects on growth, carbohydrate balance, and mortality of Pinus ponderosa forests in the southern Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-12T16:40:07","indexId":"70095754","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-25T11:42:41","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"An integrated model of environmental effects on growth, carbohydrate balance, and mortality of <i>Pinus ponderosa</i> forests in the southern Rocky Mountains","title":"An integrated model of environmental effects on growth, carbohydrate balance, and mortality of Pinus ponderosa forests in the southern Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"Climate-induced tree mortality is an increasing concern for forest managers around the world. We used a coupled hydrologic and ecosystem carbon cycling model to assess temperature and precipitation impacts on productivity and survival of ponderosa pine (<i>Pinus ponderosa</i>). Model predictions were evaluated using observations of productivity and survival for three ponderosa pine stands located across an 800 m elevation gradient in the southern Rocky Mountains, USA, during a 10-year period that ended in a severe drought and extensive tree mortality at the lowest elevation site. We demonstrate the utility of a relatively simple representation of declines in non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) as an approach for estimating patterns of ponderosa pine vulnerability to drought and the likelihood of survival along an elevation gradient. We assess the sensitivity of simulated net primary production, NSC storage dynamics, and mortality to site climate and soil characteristics as well as uncertainty in the allocation of carbon to the NSC pool. For a fairly wide set of assumptions, the model estimates captured elevational gradients and temporal patterns in growth and biomass. Model results that best predict mortality risk also yield productivity, leaf area, and biomass estimates that are qualitatively consistent with observations across the sites. Using this constrained set of parameters, we found that productivity and likelihood of survival were equally dependent on elevation-driven variation in temperature and precipitation. Our results demonstrate the potential for a coupled hydrology-ecosystem carbon cycling model that includes a simple model of NSC dynamics to predict drought-related mortality. Given that increases in temperature and in the frequency and severity of drought are predicted for a broad range of ponderosa pine and other western North America conifer forest habitats, the model potentially has broad utility for assessing ecosystem vulnerabilities.","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0080286","usgsCitation":"Tague, C.L., McDowell, N., and Allen, C.D., 2013, An integrated model of environmental effects on growth, carbohydrate balance, and mortality of Pinus ponderosa forests in the southern Rocky Mountains: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 11, Article e80286;13 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080286.","productDescription":"Article e80286;13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-051886","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080286","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":283830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Jemez Mountains, Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.09,31.33 ], [ -114.09,45.04 ], [ -102.37,45.04 ], [ -102.37,31.33 ], [ -114.09,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4c97e4b0b290850f1135","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tague, Christina L.","contributorId":54493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tague","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDowell, Nathan G.","contributorId":9176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"Nathan G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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