{"pageNumber":"1590","pageRowStart":"39725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184563,"records":[{"id":70041411,"text":"70041411 - 2012 - Detecting hidden volcanic explosions from Mt. Cleveland Volcano, Alaska with infrasound and ground-couples airwaves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T11:42:18","indexId":"70041411","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting hidden volcanic explosions from Mt. Cleveland Volcano, Alaska with infrasound and ground-couples airwaves","docAbstract":"In Alaska, where many active volcanoes exist without ground-based instrumentation, the use of techniques suitable for distant monitoring is pivotal. In this study we report regional-scale seismic and infrasound observations of volcanic activity at Mt. Cleveland between December 2011 and August 2012. During this period, twenty explosions were detected by infrasound sensors as far away as 1827 km from the active vent, and ground-coupled acoustic waves were recorded at seismic stations across the Aleutian Arc. Several events resulting from the explosive disruption of small lava domes within the summit crater were confirmed by analysis of satellite remote sensing data. However, many explosions eluded initial, automated, analyses of satellite data due to poor weather conditions. Infrasound and seismic monitoring provided effective means for detecting these hidden events. We present results from the implementation of automatic infrasound and seismo-acoustic eruption detection algorithms, and review the challenges of real-time volcano monitoring operations in remote regions. We also model acoustic propagation in the Northern Pacific, showing how tropospheric ducting effects allow infrasound to travel long distances across the Aleutian Arc. The successful results of our investigation provide motivation for expanded efforts in infrasound monitoring across the Aleutians and contributes to our knowledge of the number and style of vulcanian eruptions at Mt. Cleveland.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2012GL053635","usgsCitation":"De Angelis, S., Fee, D., Haney, M., and Schneider, D., 2012, Detecting hidden volcanic explosions from Mt. Cleveland Volcano, Alaska with infrasound and ground-couples airwaves: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 39, L21312; 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL053635.","productDescription":"L21312; 6 p.","temporalStart":"2011-12-01","temporalEnd":"2012-08-31","ipdsId":"IP-042065","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012gl053635","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":263713,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263712,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012GL053635"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Cleveland","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -169.958166,52.813246 ], [ -169.958166,52.83325 ], [ -169.938151,52.83325 ], [ -169.938151,52.813246 ], [ -169.958166,52.813246 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfb793e4b01744973f778e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De Angelis, Slivio","contributorId":52055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Angelis","given":"Slivio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fee, David","contributorId":77761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fee","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haney, Matthew","contributorId":80555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schneider, David","contributorId":78204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041403,"text":"70041403 - 2012 - Time-lapse camera observations of gas piston activity at Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō, Kīlauea volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T13:14:28","indexId":"70041403","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time-lapse camera observations of gas piston activity at Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō, Kīlauea volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"Gas pistoning is a type of eruptive behavior described first at Kīlauea volcano and characterized by the (commonly) cyclic rise and fall of the lava surface within a volcanic vent or lava lake. Though recognized for decades, its cause continues to be debated, and determining why and when it occurs has important implications for understanding vesiculation and outgassing processes at basaltic volcanoes. Here, we describe gas piston activity that occurred at the Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō cone, in Kīlauea’s east rift zone, during June 2006. Direct, detailed measurements of lava level, made from time-lapse camera images captured at close range, show that the gas pistons during the study period lasted from 2 to 60 min, had volumes ranging from 14 to 104 m<sup>3</sup>, displayed a slowing rise rate of the lava surface, and had an average gas release duration of 49 s. Our data are inconsistent with gas pistoning models that invoke gas slug rise or a dynamic pressure balance but are compatible with models which appeal to gas accumulation and loss near the top of the lava column, possibly through the generation and collapse of a foam layer.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s00445-012-0667-0","usgsCitation":"Orr, T., and Rea, J., 2012, Time-lapse camera observations of gas piston activity at Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō, Kīlauea volcano, Hawai‘i: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 74, no. 10, p. 2353-2362, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-012-0667-0.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2353","endPage":"2362","ipdsId":"IP-038552","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263701,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263700,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-012-0667-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano;Pu�u �o�o","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.798371,19.056854 ], [ -155.798371,19.550464 ], [ -155.016307,19.550464 ], [ -155.016307,19.056854 ], [ -155.798371,19.056854 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"74","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfba90e4b01744973f77be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orr, Tim R. torr@usgs.gov","contributorId":3766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Tim R.","email":"torr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rea, James","contributorId":52854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rea","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041462,"text":"70041462 - 2012 - Roles of inflammatory caspases during processing of zebrafish interleukin-1β in <i>Francisella noatunensis</i> infection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T12:45:43","indexId":"70041462","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1987,"text":"Infection and Immunity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Roles of inflammatory caspases during processing of zebrafish interleukin-1β in <i>Francisella noatunensis</i> infection","docAbstract":"<p>The interleukin-1 family of cytokines are essential for the control of pathogenic microbes but are also responsible for devastating autoimmune pathologies. Consequently, tight regulation of inflammatory processes is essential for maintaining homeostasis. In mammals, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1&beta;) is primarily regulated at two levels, transcription and processing. The main pathway for processing IL-1&beta; is the inflammasome, a multiprotein complex that forms in the cytosol and which results in the activation of inflammatory caspase (caspase 1) and the subsequent cleavage and secretion of active IL-1&beta;. Although zebrafish encode orthologs of IL-1&beta; and inflammatory caspases, the processing of IL-1&beta; by activated caspase(s) has never been examined. Here, we demonstrate that in response to infection with the fish-specific bacterial pathogen <span id=\"named-content-2\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Francisella noatunensis</span>, primary leukocytes from adult zebrafish display caspase-1-like activity that results in IL-1&beta; processing. Addition of caspase 1 or pancaspase inhibitors considerably abrogates IL-1&beta; processing. As in mammals, this processing event is concurrent with the secretion of cleaved IL-1&beta; into the culture medium. Furthermore, two putative zebrafish inflammatory caspase orthologs, caspase A and caspase B, are both able to cleave IL-1&beta;, but with different specificities. These results represent the first demonstration of processing and secretion of zebrafish IL-1&beta; in response to a pathogen, contributing to our understanding of the evolutionary processes governing the regulation of inflammation. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Infection and Immunity","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/IAI.00543-12","usgsCitation":"Vojtech, L.N., Scharping, N., Woodson, J.C., and Hansen, J.D., 2012, Roles of inflammatory caspases during processing of zebrafish interleukin-1β in <i>Francisella noatunensis</i> infection: Infection and Immunity, v. 80, no. 8, p. 2878-2885, https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00543-12.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2878","endPage":"2885","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033731","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474222,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.00543-12","text":"External Repository"},{"id":263776,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c1ccc5e4b09fd40bb0eb78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vojtech, Lucia N.","contributorId":24666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vojtech","given":"Lucia","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scharping, Nichole","contributorId":48461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scharping","given":"Nichole","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodson, James C. jwoodson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodson","given":"James","email":"jwoodson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":628802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, John D. 0000-0002-3006-2734 jhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-2734","contributorId":3440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"John","email":"jhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041509,"text":"pp1794A - 2012 - Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T14:18:04","indexId":"pp1794A","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1794","chapter":"A","title":"Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000","docAbstract":"<h1>Preface</h1>\n<p>U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Professional Paper 1794&ndash;A is the first in a four-volume series on the status and trends of the Nation&rsquo;s land use and land cover, providing an assessment of the rates and causes of land-use and land-cover change in the Western United States between 1973 and 2000. Volumes B, C, and D provide similar analyses for the Great Plains, the Midwest&ndash;South Central United States, and the Eastern United States, respectively. The assessments of land-use and land-cover trends are conducted on an ecoregion-by-ecoregion basis, and each ecoregion assessment is guided by a nationally consistent study design that includes mapping, statistical methods, field studies, and analysis. Individual assessments provide a picture of the characteristics of land change occurring in a given ecoregion; in combination, they provide a framework for understanding the complex national mosaic of change and also the causes and consequences of change. Thus, each volume in this series provides a regional assessment of how (and how fast) land use and land cover are changing, and why. The four volumes together form the first comprehensive picture of land change across the Nation. Geographic understanding of land-use and land-cover change is directly relevant to a wide variety of stakeholders, including land and resource managers, policymakers, and scientists. The chapters in this volume present brief summaries of the patterns and rates of land change observed in each ecoregion in the Western United States, together with field photographs, statistics, and comparisons with other assessments. In addition, a synthesis chapter summarizes the scope of land change observed across the entire Western United States. The studies provide a way of integrating information across the landscape, and they form a critical component in the efforts to understand how land use and land cover affect important issues such as the provision of ecological goods and services and also the determination of risks to, and vulnerabilities of, human communities. Results from this project also are published in peer-reviewed journals, and they are further used to produce maps of change and other tools for land management, as well as to provide inputs for carbon-cycle modeling and other climate change research. This report is only one of the products produced by USGS on land-use and land-cover change in the United States. Other reports and land-cover statistics are available online at <a href=\"http://landcovertrends.usgs.gov\" target=\"_blank\">http://landcovertrends.usgs.gov</a>.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Status and trends of land change in the United States--1973 to 2000","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1794A","usgsCitation":"Sleeter, B.M., Wilson, T.S., and Acevedo, W., eds., 2012, Status and trends of land change in the Western United States—1973 to 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1794–A, 324 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1794/a/.","productDescription":"viii, 323 p.","numberOfPages":"336","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263753,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1794_A.gif"},{"id":312102,"rank":7,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1794C","text":"Professional Paper 1794-C","linkHelpText":"Status and Trends of Land Change in the Midwest–South Central United States—1973 to 2000"},{"id":307112,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1794","text":"Professional Paper 1794","linkHelpText":"This publication is Volume A in Status and trends of land change in the United States—1973 to 2000"},{"id":307123,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1794B","text":"Professional Paper 1794-B","linkHelpText":"Status and trends of land change in the Great Plains of the United States—1973 to 2000"},{"id":329085,"rank":8,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1794D","text":"Professional Paper 1794-D","linkHelpText":"Status and Trends of Land Change in the Eastern United States—1973 to 2000"},{"id":263751,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1794/a/pp1794a.pdf","text":"Report","size":"61.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1794-A"},{"id":306964,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1794/a/index.html","text":"Index page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":306945,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1794/a/versionHist.txt","description":"Version History for PP 1794-A"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.5,29.0 ], [ -124.5,49.0 ], [ -100.0,49.0 ], [ -100.0,29.0 ], [ -124.5,29.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p><a href=\"http://geography.wr.usgs.gov/staff.php\" target=\"_blank\">Contact Information</a>, Western Geographic Science Center&nbsp;<br />U.S. Geological Survey&nbsp;<br />345 Middlefield Road, MS 531&nbsp;<br />Menlo Park, CA 94025&nbsp;<br /><a href=\"http://geography.wr.usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">http://geography.wr.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Foreword</li>\n<li>Preface</li>\n<li>Acknowledgments</li>\n<li>Author Affiliations</li>\n<li>Regional Synthesis</li>\n<li>Marine West Coast Forests Ecoregions</li>\n<li>Rocky Mountains Ecoregions</li>\n<li>Western Mountain Ranges Ecoregions</li>\n<li>Mediterranean California Ecoregions</li>\n<li>Cold Deserts Ecoregions</li>\n<li>Warm Deserts Ecoregions</li>\n<li>Appendixes (4)</li>\n</ul>","publishedDate":"2012-12-05","revisedDate":"2013-06-21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c1cce7e4b09fd40bb0eb8e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568689,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Tamara S.","contributorId":36640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Tamara","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568690,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Acevedo, William wacevedo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acevedo","given":"William","email":"wacevedo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568691,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041443,"text":"70041443 - 2012 - Survival and growth of juvenile Pacific lampreys tagged with passive integrated transponders (PIT) in freshwater and seawater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-05T11:55:49","indexId":"70041443","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and growth of juvenile Pacific lampreys tagged with passive integrated transponders (PIT) in freshwater and seawater","docAbstract":"Tagging methods are needed for both adult and juvenile life stages of Pacific lampreys <i>Lampetra tridentata</i> to better understand their biology and factors contributing to their decline. We developed a safe and efficient technique for tagging juvenile Pacific lampreys with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. We tested the short-term survival of PIT-tagged juvenile lampreys in freshwater at four temperatures (9, 12, 15, and 18°C) and their long-term growth and survival in seawater. For both experiments there was little to no tag loss, and juvenile lampreys in freshwater showed high survival at all temperatures at 7 d (95–100%) and 14 d (88–100%) posttagging. Prolonged holding (40 d) resulted in significantly lower survival (28–79%) at warmer temperatures (12–18°C). For juvenile lampreys tagged in freshwater and then transitioned to seawater, survival was 97% for tagged fish until day 94, and at the end of 6 months, survival was about 58% for both tagged and control fish. About half of the tagged and control fish that survived in seawater grew, but there was no difference in growth between the two groups. In freshwater, but not in seawater, most fish that died had an aquatic fungal infection. In both experiments, survival increased with increasing fish length at tagging. Our results indicate that tags similar in size to a 9-mm PIT tag are a feasible option for tagging metamorphosed juvenile lampreys migrating downstream and that when fungal infections are mitigated—as in seawater—long-term (at least 6 months) survival of tagged juvenile lampreys is high.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2012.686951","usgsCitation":"Mesa, M.G., Copeland, E.S., Christiansen, H.E., Gregg, J., Roon, S.R., and Hershberger, P., 2012, Survival and growth of juvenile Pacific lampreys tagged with passive integrated transponders (PIT) in freshwater and seawater: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 141, no. 5, p. 1260-1268, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.686951.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1260","endPage":"1268","ipdsId":"IP-033598","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263695,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263694,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.686951"}],"volume":"141","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfba49e4b01744973f77b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mesa, Matthew G. mmesa@usgs.gov","contributorId":3423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"Matthew","email":"mmesa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Copeland, Elizabeth S.","contributorId":82415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Copeland","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christiansen, Helena E. hchristiansen@usgs.gov","contributorId":4530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Helena","email":"hchristiansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":469721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gregg, Jacob L.","contributorId":30883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"Jacob L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roon, Sean R.","contributorId":57331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roon","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul K. phershberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul K.","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70041436,"text":"70041436 - 2012 - Costs of living for juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) in an increasingly warming and invaded world","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-05T11:45:58","indexId":"70041436","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Costs of living for juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) in an increasingly warming and invaded world","docAbstract":"Rapid environmental change in freshwater ecosystems has created a need to understand the interactive effects of multiple stressors, with temperature and invasive predators identified as key threats to imperiled fish species. We tested the separate and interactive effects of water temperature and predation by non-native smallmouth bass (<i>Micropterus dolomieu</i>) on the lethal (mortality) and sublethal (behavior, physiology, and growth) effects for juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) in seminatural stream channel experiments. Over 48 h trials, there was no difference in direct predation with warmer temperatures, but significant interactive effects on sublethal responses of juvenile salmon. Warmer temperatures resulted in significantly stronger and more variable antipredator responses (surface shoaling and swimming activity), while physiological indicators (plasma glucose, plasma cortisol) suggested suppression of physiological mechanisms in response to the combined stressors. These patterns corresponded with additive negative growth in predation, temperature, and combined treatments. Our results suggest that chronic increases in temperature may not increase direct predation over short periods, but can result in significant sublethal costs with negative implications for long-term development, disease resistance, and subsequent size-selective mortality of Pacific salmon.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, ON, Canada","doi":"10.1139/f2012-094","usgsCitation":"Kuehne, L.M., Olden, J., and Duda, J., 2012, Costs of living for juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) in an increasingly warming and invaded world: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 69, no. 10, p. 1621-1630, https://doi.org/10.1139/f2012-094.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1621","endPage":"1630","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-037024","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263693,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263692,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f2012-094"}],"volume":"69","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfb74ee4b01744973f7786","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuehne, Lauren M.","contributorId":19051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuehne","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olden, Julian D.","contributorId":66951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olden","given":"Julian D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":68854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041370,"text":"pp1797 - 2012 - Baseline and projected future carbon storage and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the Western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-05T15:40:32","indexId":"pp1797","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1797","title":"Baseline and projected future carbon storage and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the Western United States","docAbstract":"This assessment was conducted to fulfill the requirements of section 712 of the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 and to improve understanding of carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in ecosystems of the Western United States. The assessment examined carbon storage, carbon fluxes, and other GHG fluxes (methane and nitrous oxide) in all major terrestrial ecosystems (forests, grasslands/shrublands, agricultural lands, and wetlands) and aquatic ecosystems (rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs, and coastal waters) in two time periods: baseline (generally in the first half of the 2010s) and future (projections from baseline to 2050). The assessment was based on measured and observed data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and many other agencies and organizations and used remote sensing, statistical methods, and simulation models.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1797","isbn":"978-1-4113-3519-6","usgsCitation":"Zhu, Z., and Reed, B.C., 2012, Baseline and projected future carbon storage and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the Western United States: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1797, x, 192 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1797.","productDescription":"x, 192 p.","numberOfPages":"206","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":293,"text":"Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1797.gif"},{"id":263673,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1797/"},{"id":263674,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1797/pdf/PP1797_WholeDocument.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;California;Colorado;Idaho;Montana;Nevada;New Mexico;Oregon;South Dakota;Texas;Utah;Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.5,28.0 ], [ -124.5,49.0 ], [ -100.0,49.0 ], [ -100.0,28.0 ], [ -124.5,28.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c11a9ae4b005831885e269","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhu, Zhi-Liang zzhu@usgs.gov","contributorId":3636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhi-Liang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Bradley C. 0000-0002-1132-7178 reed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1132-7178","contributorId":2901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Bradley","email":"reed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041434,"text":"sir20125251 - 2012 - Ecosystem services valuation to support decisionmaking on public lands—A case study of the San Pedro River watershed, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-05T08:34:24","indexId":"sir20125251","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5251","title":"Ecosystem services valuation to support decisionmaking on public lands—A case study of the San Pedro River watershed, Arizona","docAbstract":"This report details the findings of the Bureau of Land Management–U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystem Services Valuation Pilot Study. This project evaluated alternative methods and tools that quantify and value ecosystem services, and it assessed the tools’ readiness for use in the Bureau of Land Management decisionmaking process. We tested these tools on the San Pedro River watershed in northern Sonora, Mexico, and southeast Arizona. The study area includes the San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area (managed by the Bureau of Land Management), which has been a focal point for conservation activities and scientific research in recent decades. We applied past site-specific primary valuation studies, value transfer, the Wildlife Habitat Benefits Estimation Toolkit, and the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) and Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services (ARIES) models to value locally important ecosystem services for the San Pedro River watershed—water, carbon, biodiversity, and cultural values. We tested these approaches on a series of scenarios to evaluate ecosystem service changes and the ability of the tools to accommodate scenarios. A suite of additional tools were either at too early a stage of development to run, were proprietary, or were place-specific tools inappropriate for application to the San Pedro River watershed. We described the strengths and weaknesses of these additional ecosystem service tools against a series of evaluative criteria related to their usefulness for Bureau of Land Management decisionmaking. Using these tools, we quantified gains or losses of ecosystem services under three categories of scenarios: urban growth, mesquite management, and water augmentation. These results quantify tradeoffs and could be useful for decisionmaking within Bureau of Land Management district or field offices. Results are accompanied by a relatively high level of uncertainty associated with model outputs, valuation methods, and discount rates applied. Further guidance on representing uncertainty and applying uncertain results in decisionmaking would benefit both tool developers and those offices in using ecosystem services to compare management tradeoffs. Decisionmakers and Bureau of Land Management managers at the State-, district-, and field-office level would also benefit from continuing model improvements, training, and guidance on tool use that can be provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Bureau of Land Management, and the Department of the Interior. Tradeoffs were identified in the level of effort needed to parameterize and run tools and the amount and quality of information they provide to the decision process. We found the Wildlife Habitat Benefits Estimation Toolkit, Ecosystem Services Review, and United Nations Environment Programme–World Conservation Monitoring Centre Ecosystem Services Toolkit to be immediately feasible for application by the Bureau of Land Management, given proper guidance on their use. It is also feasible for the Bureau of Land Management to use the InVEST model, but in early 2012 the process of parameterizing the model required resources and expertise that are unlikely to be available in most Bureau of Land Management district or field offices. Application of past primary valuation is feasible, but developing new primary-valuation studies is too time consuming for regular application. Value transfer approaches (aside from the Wildlife Habitat Benefits Estimation Toolkit) are best applied carefully on the basis of guidelines described in this report, to reduce transfer error. The ARIES model can provide useful information in regions modeled in the past (Arizona, California, Colorado, and Washington), but it lacks some features that will improve its usability, such as a generalized model that could be applied anywhere in the United States. Eleven other tools described in this report could become useful as the tools more fully develop, in high-profile cases for which additional resources are available for tool application or in case-study regions where place-specific models have already been developed. To improve the value of these tools in decisionmaking, we suggest scientific needs that agencies such as U.S. Geological Survey can help meet—for instance, development and support of data archives. Such archives could greatly reduce resource needs and improve the reliability and consistency of results. Given the rapid state of evolution in the field, periodic follow-up studies on ecosystem services tools would help to ensure that the Bureau of Land Management and other public land management agencies are kept up to date on new tools and features that bring ecosystem services closer to readiness for use in regular decisionmaking.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125251","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Bagstad, K.J., Semmens, D., Winthrop, R., Jaworksi, D., and Larson, J., 2012, Ecosystem services valuation to support decisionmaking on public lands—A case study of the San Pedro River watershed, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5251, viii, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125251.","productDescription":"viii, 93 p.","numberOfPages":"105","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5251.gif"},{"id":263685,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5251/"},{"id":263686,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5251/sir2012-5251.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 12 North","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"Mexico;United States","state":"Arizona;Sonora","county":"Cochise;Gila;Graham;Pima;Pinal;Santa Cruz","otherGeospatial":"San Pedro River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.75,31.0 ], [ -111.75,33.25 ], [ -109.75,33.25 ], [ -109.75,31.0 ], [ -111.75,31.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfb8b6e4b01744973f7796","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bagstad, Kenneth J. 0000-0001-8857-5615 kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":64201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winthrop, Rob","contributorId":60099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winthrop","given":"Rob","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jaworksi, Delilah","contributorId":75828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaworksi","given":"Delilah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larson, Joel","contributorId":69859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Joel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041449,"text":"70041449 - 2012 - Selenium in aquatic biota inhabiting agricultural drains in the Salton Sea Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-30T09:42:45","indexId":"70041449","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selenium in aquatic biota inhabiting agricultural drains in the Salton Sea Basin, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Resource managers are concerned that water conservation practices in irrigated farmlands along the southern border of the Salton Sea, Imperial County, California, could increase selenium concentrations in agricultural drainwater and harm the desert pupfish (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Cyprinodon macularius</i><span>), a federally protected endangered species. As part of a broader attempt to address this concern, we conducted a 3-year investigation to collect baseline information on selenium concentrations in seven agricultural drains inhabited by pupfish. We collected water, sediment, selected aquatic food-chain taxa (particulate organic detritus, filamentous algae, net plankton, and midge [Chironomidae] larvae), and two poeciliid fishes (western mosquitofish&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Gambusia affinis</i><span>&nbsp;and sailfin molly&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Poecilia latipinna</i><span>) for selenium determinations. The two fish species served as ecological surrogates for pupfish, which we were not permitted to sacrifice. Dissolved selenium ranged from 0.70 to 32.8&nbsp;&mu;g/L, with selenate as the major constituent. Total selenium concentrations in other environmental matrices varied widely among drains, with one drain (Trifolium 18) exhibiting especially high concentrations in detritus, 5.98&ndash;58.0&nbsp;&mu;g Se/g; midge larvae, 12.7&ndash;50.6&nbsp;&mu;g Se/g; mosquitofish, 13.2&ndash;20.2&nbsp;&mu;g Se/g; and mollies, 12.8&ndash;30.4&nbsp;&mu;g Se/g (all tissue concentrations are based on dry weights). Although toxic thresholds for selenium in fishes from the Salton Sea are still poorly understood, available evidence suggests that ambient concentrations of this element may not be sufficiently elevated to adversely affect reproductive success and survival in selenium-tolerant poeciliids and pupfish.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-011-2367-1","usgsCitation":"Saiki, M.K., Martin, B.A., and May, T.W., 2012, Selenium in aquatic biota inhabiting agricultural drains in the Salton Sea Basin, California: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 184, no. 9, p. 5623-5640, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2367-1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"5623","endPage":"5640","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-027911","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263721,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"184","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c11a8ee4b005831885e265","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saiki, Michael K.","contributorId":54671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Barbara A. 0000-0002-9415-6377 barbara_ann_martin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-6377","contributorId":2855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Barbara","email":"barbara_ann_martin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041446,"text":"70041446 - 2012 - Effectiveness of common fish screen materials to protect lamprey ammocoetes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T17:26:40","indexId":"70041446","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effectiveness of common fish screen materials to protect lamprey ammocoetes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Understanding the effects of irrigation diversions on populations of Pacific lamprey</span><i>Lampetra tridentata</i><span>&nbsp;in the Columbia River basin is needed for their recovery. We tested the effectiveness of five common fish screen materials for excluding lamprey ammocoetes: interlock (IL), vertical bar (VB), perforated plate (PP), and 12-gauge and 14-gauge wire cloth (WC12) and (WC14). When fish (28&ndash;153&nbsp;mm) were exposed for 60&nbsp;min to screen panels perpendicular to an approach velocity of 12&nbsp;cm/s in a recirculating flume, the percentage of ammocoetes entrained (i.e., passed through the screen) was 26% for the IL, 18% for the PP, 33% for the VB, 62% for the WC14, and 65% for the WC12 screens. For all screens, most fish were entrained within the first 15&ndash;20&nbsp;min. Fish length significantly influenced entrainment, with the PP, VB, and IL screens preventing fish greater than 50&ndash;65&nbsp;mm from entrainment and the WC14 and WC12 screens preventing entrainment of fish greater than 90&ndash;110&nbsp;mm. Fish of all sizes repeatedly became impinged (i.e., contacting the screen for more than 1&nbsp;s) on the screens, with the frequency of impingement events increasing during the first 5&nbsp;min and becoming relatively stable thereafter. Impingement ranges were highest on the IL screen (36&ndash;62%), lowest on the WC14 and WC12 screens (13&ndash;31%), and intermediate on the PP and VB screens (23&ndash;54%). However, the WC14 and WC12 screens had fewer and larger fish remaining as time elapsed because so many were entrained. For all screen types, injuries were rare and minor, and no fish died after overnight posttest holding. Our results indicate that wire cloth screens should be replaced, where practical, with perforated plate, vertical bar, or interlocking bar screens to reduce lamprey entrainment at water diversions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2012.678965","usgsCitation":"Rose, B.P., and Mesa, M.G., 2012, Effectiveness of common fish screen materials to protect lamprey ammocoetes: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 32, no. 3, p. 597-603, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2012.678965.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"597","endPage":"603","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033600","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263704,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfb8f8e4b01744973f779a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Brien P. brose@usgs.gov","contributorId":3493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Brien","email":"brose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mesa, Matthew G. mmesa@usgs.gov","contributorId":3423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"Matthew","email":"mmesa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041055,"text":"70041055 - 2012 - Spatial genetic structure and asymmetrical gene flow within the Pacific walrus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:10:42","indexId":"70041055","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial genetic structure and asymmetrical gene flow within the Pacific walrus","docAbstract":"Pacific walruses (<i>Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i>) occupying shelf waters of Pacific Arctic seas migrate during spring and summer from 3 breeding areas in the Bering Sea to form sexually segregated nonbreeding aggregations. We assessed genetic relationships among 2 putative breeding populations and 6 nonbreeding aggregations. Analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequence data suggest that males are distinct among breeding populations (&Phi;<sub>ST</sub>=0.051), and between the eastern Chukchi and other nonbreeding aggregations (&Phi;<sub>ST</sub>=0.336–0.449). Nonbreeding female aggregations were genetically distinct across marker types (microsatellite F<sub>ST</sub>=0.019; mtDNA &Phi;<sub>ST</sub>=0.313), as was eastern Chukchi and all other nonbreeding aggregations (microsatellite F<sub>ST</sub>=0.019–0.035; mtDNA &Phi;<sub>ST</sub>=0.386–0.389). Gene flow estimates are asymmetrical from St. Lawrence Island into the southeastern Bering breeding population for both sexes. Partitioning of haplotype frequencies among breeding populations suggests that individuals exhibit some degree of philopatry, although weak. High levels of genetic differentiation among eastern Chukchi and all other nonbreeding aggregations, but considerably lower genetic differentiation between breeding populations, suggest that at least 1 genetically distinct breeding population remained unsampled. Limited genetic structure at microsatellite loci between assayed breeding areas can emerge from several processes, including male-mediated gene flow, or population admixture following a decrease in census size (i.e., due to commercial harvest during 1880–1950s) and subsequent recovery. Nevertheless, high levels of genetic diversity in the Pacific walrus, which withstood prolonged decreases in census numbers with little impact on neutral genetic diversity, may reflect resiliency in the face of past environmental challenges.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","publisherLocation":"http://www.asmjournals.org","doi":"10.1644/11-MAMM-A-344.1","usgsCitation":"Sonsthagen, S.A., Jay, C.V., Fischbach, A.S., Sage, G.K., and Talbot, S.L., 2012, Spatial genetic structure and asymmetrical gene flow within the Pacific walrus: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 93, no. 6, p. 1512-1524, https://doi.org/10.1644/11-MAMM-A-344.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1512","endPage":"1524","ipdsId":"IP-037322","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/11-mamm-a-344.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":263565,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263564,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/11-MAMM-A-344.1"}],"volume":"93","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfba45e4b01744973f77b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischbach, Anthony S. 0000-0002-6555-865X afischbach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X","contributorId":2865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischbach","given":"Anthony","email":"afischbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041656,"text":"70041656 - 2012 - Burial increases seed longevity of two Artemisia tridentata (<i>Asteraceae</i>) subspecies","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":97702,"text":"ofr20091146 - 2009 - Investigating Seed Longevity of Big Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)","indexId":"ofr20091146","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Investigating Seed Longevity of Big Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70041656,"text":"70041656 - 2012 - Burial increases seed longevity of two Artemisia tridentata (<i>Asteraceae</i>) subspecies","indexId":"70041656","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Burial increases seed longevity of two Artemisia tridentata (<i>Asteraceae</i>) subspecies"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-11T10:49:13","indexId":"70041656","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":724,"text":"American Journal of Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Burial increases seed longevity of two Artemisia tridentata (<i>Asteraceae</i>) subspecies","docAbstract":"Premise of the study: Seed longevity and persistence in soil seed banks may be especially important for population persistence in ecosystems where opportunities for seedling establishment and disturbance are unpredictable. The fire regime, an important driver of population dynamics in sagebrush steppe ecosystems, has been altered by exotic annual grass invasion. Soil seed banks may play an active role in postfire recovery of the foundation shrub <i>Artemisia tridentata</i>, yet conditions under which seeds persist are largely unknown. Methods: We investigated seed longevity of two <i>Artemisia tridentata</i> subspecies in situ by retrieving seed bags that were placed at varying depths over a 2 yr period. We also sampled naturally dispersed seeds in litter and soil immediately after seed dispersal and before flowering in subsequent seasons to estimate seed persistence. Key results: After 24 mo, seeds buried at least 3 cm below the soil surface retained 30–40% viability whereas viability of seeds on the surface and under litter declined to 0 and < 11%, respectively. The density of naturally dispersed seeds in the seed bank was highly heterogeneous both spatially and temporally, and attrition varied significantly by region. Conclusions: Our study suggests that <i>Artemisia tridentata</i> has the potential to form a short-term soil seed bank that persists longer than has been commonly assumed, and that burial is necessary for seed longevity. Use of seeding techniques that promote burial of some seeds to aid in formation of a soil seed bank may increase restoration potential.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Journal of Botany","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3732/ajb.1000477","usgsCitation":"Wijayratne, U.C., and Pyke, D.A., 2012, Burial increases seed longevity of two Artemisia tridentata (<i>Asteraceae</i>) subspecies: American Journal of Botany, v. 99, no. 3, p. 438-447, https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000477.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"438","endPage":"447","ipdsId":"IP-036299","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263921,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263917,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000477"}],"volume":"99","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c86400e4b03bc63bd679d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wijayratne, Upekala C.","contributorId":49064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wijayratne","given":"Upekala","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041307,"text":"sir20125156 - 2012 - Estimated probability of arsenic in groundwater from bedrock aquifers in New Hampshire, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T15:53:54","indexId":"sir20125156","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5156","title":"Estimated probability of arsenic in groundwater from bedrock aquifers in New Hampshire, 2011","docAbstract":"<p>Probabilities of arsenic occurrence in groundwater from bedrock aquifers at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 micrograms per liter (&micro;g/L) were estimated during 2011 using multivariate logistic regression. These estimates were developed for use by the New Hampshire Environmental Public Health Tracking Program. About 39 percent of New Hampshire bedrock groundwater was identified as having at least a 50 percent chance of containing an arsenic concentration greater than or equal to 1 &micro;g/L. This compares to about 7 percent of New Hampshire bedrock groundwater having at least a 50 percent chance of containing an arsenic concentration equaling or exceeding 5 &micro;g/L and about 5 percent of the State having at least a 50 percent chance for its bedrock groundwater to contain concentrations at or above 10 &micro;g/L. The southeastern counties of Merrimack, Strafford, Hillsborough, and Rockingham have the greatest potential for having arsenic concentrations above 5 and 10 &micro;g/L in bedrock groundwater.</p>\n<p>Significant predictors of arsenic in groundwater from bedrock aquifers for all three thresholds analyzed included geologic, geochemical, land use, hydrologic, topographic, and demographic factors. Among the three thresholds evaluated, there were some differences in explanatory variables, but many variables were the same. More than 250 individual predictor variables were assembled for this study and tested as potential predictor variables for the models. More than 1,700 individual measurements of arsenic concentration from a combination of public and private water-supply wells served as the dependent (or predicted) variable in the models.</p>\n<p>The statewide maps generated by the probability models are not designed to predict arsenic concentration in any single well, but they are expected to provide useful information in areas of the State that currently contain little to no data on arsenic concentration. They also may aid in resource decision making, in determining potential risk for private wells, and in ecological-level analysis of disease outcomes. The approach for modeling arsenic in groundwater could also be applied to other environmental contaminants that have potential implications for human health, such as uranium, radon, fluoride, manganese, volatile organic compounds, nitrate, and bacteria.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125156","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services and the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services","usgsCitation":"Ayotte, J., Cahillane, M., Hayes, L., and Robinson, K.W., 2012, Estimated probability of arsenic in groundwater from bedrock aquifers in New Hampshire, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5156, Report: vi, 25 p.; Geospatial Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125156.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 25 p.; Geospatial 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,{"id":70041359,"text":"sir20125246 - 2012 - Simulated effects of hydrologic, water quality, and land-use changes of the Lake Maumelle watershed, Arkansas, 2004–10","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":99012,"text":"sir20105239 - 2011 - Effects of Simulated Land-Use Changes on Water Quality of Lake Maumelle, Arkansas","indexId":"sir20105239","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of Simulated Land-Use Changes on Water Quality of Lake Maumelle, Arkansas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70041359,"text":"sir20125246 - 2012 - Simulated effects of hydrologic, water quality, and land-use changes of the Lake Maumelle watershed, Arkansas, 2004–10","indexId":"sir20125246","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Simulated effects of hydrologic, water quality, and land-use changes of the Lake Maumelle watershed, Arkansas, 2004–10"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-04T11:23:00","indexId":"sir20125246","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5246","title":"Simulated effects of hydrologic, water quality, and land-use changes of the Lake Maumelle watershed, Arkansas, 2004–10","docAbstract":"Lake Maumelle, located in central Arkansas northwest of the cities of Little Rock and North Little Rock, is one of two principal drinking-water supplies for the Little Rock, and North Little Rock, Arkansas, metropolitan areas. Lake Maumelle and the Maumelle River (its primary tributary) are more pristine than most other reservoirs and streams in the region with 80 percent of the land area in the entire watershed being forested. However, as the Lake Maumelle watershed becomes increasingly more urbanized and timber harvesting becomes more extensive, concerns about the sustainability of the quality of the water supply also have increased.\n\nTwo hydrodynamic and water-quality models were developed to examine the hydrology and water quality in the Lake Maumelle watershed and changes that might occur as the watershed becomes more urbanized and timber harvesting becomes more extensive. A Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN watershed model was developed using continuous streamflow and discreet suspended-sediment and water-quality data collected from January 2004 through 2010. A CE–QUAL–W2 model was developed to simulate reservoir hydrodynamics and selected water-quality characteristics using the simulated output from the Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN model from January 2004 through 2010.\n\nThe calibrated Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN model and the calibrated CE–QUAL–W2 model were developed to simulate three land-use scenarios and to examine the potential effects of these land-use changes, as defined in the model, on the water quality of Lake Maumelle during the 2004 through 2010 simulation period. These scenarios included a scenario that simulated conversion of most land in the watershed to forest (scenario 1), a scenario that simulated conversion of potentially developable land to low-intensity urban land use in part of the watershed (scenario 2), and a scenario that simulated timber harvest in part of the watershed (scenario 3). Simulated land-use changes for scenarios 1 and 3 resulted in little (generally less than 10 percent) overall effect on the simulated water quality in the Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN model. The land-use change of scenario 2 affected subwatersheds that include Bringle, Reece, and Yount Creek tributaries and most other subwatersheds that drain into the northern side of Lake Maumelle; large percent increases in loading rates (generally between 10 and 25 percent) included dissolved nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, dissolved orthophosphate, total phosphorus, suspended sediment, dissolved ammonia nitrogen, total organic carbon, and fecal coliform bacteria.\n\nFor scenario 1, the simulated changes in nutrient, suspended sediment, and total organic carbon loads from the Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN model resulted in very slight (generally less than 10 percent) changes in simulated water quality for Lake Maumelle, relative to the baseline condition. Following lake mixing in the falls of 2006 and 2007, phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations were higher than the baseline condition and chlorophyll a responded accordingly. The increased nutrient and chlorophyll a concentrations in late October and into 2007 were enough to increase concentrations, on average, for the entire simulation period (2004–10). For scenario 2, the simulated changes in nutrient, suspended sediment, total organic carbon, and fecal coliform bacteria loads from the Lake Maumelle watershed resulted in slight changes in simulated water quality for Lake Maumelle, relative to the baseline condition (total nitrogen decreased by 0.01 milligram per liter; dissolved orthophosphate increased by 0.001 milligram per liter; chlorophyll a decreased by 0.1 microgram per liter). The differences in these concentrations are approximately an order of magnitude less than the error between measured and simulated concentrations in the baseline model. During the driest summer in the simulation period (2006), phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations were lower than the baseline condition and chlorophyll a concentrations decreased during the same summer season. The decrease in nitrogen and chlorophyll a concentrations during the dry summer in 2006 was enough to decrease concentrations of these constituents very slightly, on average, for the entire simulation period (2004–10). For scenario 3, the changes in simulated nutrient, suspended sediment, total organic carbon, and fecal coliform bacteria loads from Lake Maumelle watershed resulted in very slight changes in simulated water quality within Lake Maumelle, relative to the baseline condition, for most of the reservoir.\n\nAmong the implications of the results of the modeling described in this report are those related to scale in both space and time. Spatial scales include limited size and location of land-use changes, their effects on loading rates, and resultant effects on water quality of Lake Maumelle. Temporally, the magnitude of the water-quality changes simulated by the land-use change scenarios over the 7-year period (2004–10) are not necessarily indicative of the changes that could be expected to occur with similar land-use changes persisting over a 20-, 30-, or 40- year period, for example. These implications should be tempered by realization of the described model limitations.\n\nThe Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN watershed model was calibrated to streamflow and water-quality data from five streamflow-gaging stations, and in general, these stations characterize a range of subwatershed areas with varying land-use types. The CE–QUAL–W2 reservoir model was calibrated to water-quality data collected during January 2004 through December 2010 at three reservoir stations, representing the upper, middle, and lower sections of the reservoir.\n\nIn general, the baseline simulation for the Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN and the CE–QUAL–W2 models matched reasonably well to the measured data. Simulated and measured suspended-sediment concentrations during periods of base flow (streamflows not substantially influenced by runoff) agree reasonably well for Maumelle River at Williams Junction, the station representing the upper end of the watershed (with differences—simulated minus measured value—generally ranging from -15 to 41 milligrams per liter, and percent difference—relative to the measured value—ranging from -99 to 182 percent) and Maumelle River near Wye, the station just above the reservoir at the lower end (differences generally ranging from -20 to 22 milligrams per liter, and percent difference ranging from -100 to 194 percent). In general, water temperature and dissolved-oxygen concentration simulations followed measured seasonal trends for all stations with the largest differences occurring during periods of lowest temperatures or during the periods of lowest measured dissolved-oxygen concentrations.\n\nFor the CE–QUAL–W2 model, simulated vertical distributions of water temperatures and dissolved-oxygen concentrations agreed with measured vertical distributions over time, even for the most complex water-temperature profiles. Considering the oligotrophic-mesotrophic (low to intermediate primary productivity and associated low nutrient concentrations) condition of Lake Maumelle, simulated algae, phosphorus, and nitrogen concentrations compared well with generally low measured concentrations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125246","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Central Arkansas Water","usgsCitation":"Hart, R.M., Green, W.R., Westerman, D.A., Petersen, J., and DeLanois, J.L., 2012, Simulated effects of hydrologic, water quality, and land-use changes of the Lake Maumelle watershed, Arkansas, 2004–10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5246, ix, 119 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125246.","productDescription":"ix, 119 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.)","startPage":"i","endPage":"119","numberOfPages":"132","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263666,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5246.gif"},{"id":263664,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5246/"},{"id":263665,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5246/sir2012-5246.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Lake Maumelle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.62,33.0 ], [ -94.62,36.5 ], [ -89.65,36.5 ], [ -89.65,33.0 ], [ -94.62,33.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfba04e4b01744973f77ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Rheannon M. 0000-0003-4657-5945 rmhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4657-5945","contributorId":5516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Rheannon","email":"rmhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, W. Reed","contributorId":87886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Reed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Westerman, Drew A. 0000-0002-8522-776X dawester@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-776X","contributorId":4526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westerman","given":"Drew","email":"dawester@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petersen, James C. petersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"James C.","email":"petersen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeLanois, Jeanne L.","contributorId":58531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLanois","given":"Jeanne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041405,"text":"70041405 - 2012 - Degassing of Cl, F, Li and Be during extrusion and crystallization of the rhyolite dome at Volcán Chaitén, Chile during 2008 and 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T13:01:37","indexId":"70041405","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Degassing of Cl, F, Li and Be during extrusion and crystallization of the rhyolite dome at Volcán Chaitén, Chile during 2008 and 2009","docAbstract":"We investigated the distribution of Cl, F, Li, and Be in pumices, obsidians, and crystallized dome rocks at Chaitén volcano in 2008–2009 in order to explore the behavior of these elements during explosive and effusive volcanic activity. Electron and ion microprobe analyses of matrix and inclusion glasses from pumice, obsidian, and microlite-rich dome rock indicate that Cl and other elements were lost primarily during crystallization of the rhyolitic dome after it had approached the surface. Glass in pumice and microlite-free obsidian has 888 ± 121 ppm Cl, whereas residual glass in evolved microlite-rich dome rock generally retains less Cl (as low as <100 ppm). Estimated Cl losses were likely >0.7 Mt Cl, with a potential maximum of 1.8 Mt for the entire 0.8-km<sup>3</sup> dome. Elemental variations reflect an <i>integrated</i> bulk distribution ratio for Cl > 1.7 (1.7 times more Cl was degassed or incorporated into crystals than remained in the melt). Because Cl is lost dominantly as the very last H<sub>2</sub>O is degassed, and Cl is minimally (if at all) partitioned into microlites, the <i>integrated</i> vapor/melt distribution ratio for Cl exceeds 200 (200 times more Cl in the evolved vapor than in the melt). Cl is likely lost as HCl, which is readily partitioned into magmatic vapor at low pressure. Cl loss is accelerated by the change in the composition of the residual melt due to microlite growth. Cl loss also may be affected by open-system gas fluxing. <i>Integrated</i> vapor-melt distribution ratios for Li, F, and Be all exceed 1,000. On degassing, an unknown fraction of these volatiles could be immediately dissolved in rainwater.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00445-012-0663-4","usgsCitation":"Lowenstern, J.B., Bleick, H., Vazquez, J.A., Castro, J.M., and Larson, P.B., 2012, Degassing of Cl, F, Li and Be during extrusion and crystallization of the rhyolite dome at Volcán Chaitén, Chile during 2008 and 2009: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 74, no. 10, p. 2303-2319, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-012-0663-4.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2303","endPage":"2319","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-037556","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263710,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-012-0663-4"},{"id":263711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Volc�n Chait�n","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.661085,-42.847669 ], [ -72.661085,-42.827666 ], [ -72.641077,-42.827666 ], [ -72.641077,-42.847669 ], [ -72.661085,-42.847669 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"74","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfb78fe4b01744973f778a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob B. 0000-0003-0464-7779 jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7779","contributorId":2755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","email":"jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bleick, Heather","contributorId":69248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleick","given":"Heather","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vazquez, Jorge A. 0000-0003-2754-0456 jvazquez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0456","contributorId":4458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jorge","email":"jvazquez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Castro, Jonathan M.","contributorId":45198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larson, Peter B.","contributorId":22645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041447,"text":"70041447 - 2012 - Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to IgM of Pacific herring (<i>Clupea pallasii</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-05T14:08:12","indexId":"70041447","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1653,"text":"Fish and Shellfish Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to IgM of Pacific herring (<i>Clupea pallasii</i>)","docAbstract":"Pacific herring (<i>Clupea pallasii</i>) have a central role in the North Pacific ecosystem as a forage fish species and are natural reservoirs of several important finfish pathogens, including <i>Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus</i> (VHSV). Here, we report the identification of the gene encoding the immunoglobulin mu (IgM) heavy chain, as well as the development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that specifically react with Pacific herring IgM. Pacific herring immunoglobulin was purified and consisted of heavy and light chains of approximately 80 and 25 kDa. Three hybridoma clones were initially identified by ELISA as reactive with purified immunoglobulin but only one clone was able to detect an 80 kDa protein in Pacific and Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) whole plasma by denaturing western blot. However, all three MAbs were able to precipitate an 80 kDa protein from Pacific herring and LCMS sequencing of peptide fragments derived from this protein matched the predicted amino acid sequence of the cloned, heavy chain gene. In addition, two of the MAbs stained cells within the putative lymphocyte gates for the spleen, anterior kidney and posterior kidney but were not reactive for myeloid/granulocyte gates, which is consistent with these MAbs reacting with surface IgM<sup>+</sup> B-cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report of IgM-related gene sequences and anti-IgM monoclonal antibodies from any member of the family Clupeidae. The antibodies produced in this study are critical for achieving our long-term goal of conducting serological surveillance to assess pathogen exposure in natural populations of Pacific herring.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fish and Shellfish Immunology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2012.06.006","usgsCitation":"Purcell, M., Bromage, E.S., Silva, J., Hansen, J.D., Badil, S.M., Woodson, J.C., and Hershberger, P., 2012, Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to IgM of Pacific herring (<i>Clupea pallasii</i>): Fish and Shellfish Immunology, v. 33, no. 3, p. 552-558, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2012.06.006.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"552","endPage":"558","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-038079","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263707,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2012.06.006"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfb983e4b01744973f77a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K.","contributorId":104214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bromage, Erin S.","contributorId":46378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromage","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Silva, Jessica","contributorId":43244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, John D. 0000-0002-3006-2734 jhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-2734","contributorId":3440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"John","email":"jhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Badil, Samantha M.","contributorId":89775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Badil","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Woodson, James C. jwoodson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodson","given":"James","email":"jwoodson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":469729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul K. phershberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul K.","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70041356,"text":"sim3214 - 2012 - Thermal maturity map of Devonian shale in the Illinois, Michigan, and Appalachian basins of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T09:01:20","indexId":"sim3214","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3214","title":"Thermal maturity map of Devonian shale in the Illinois, Michigan, and Appalachian basins of North America","docAbstract":"Much of the oil and gas in the Illinois, Michigan, and Appalachian basins of eastern North America is thought to be derived from Devonian shale that is within these basins (for example, Milici and others, 2003; Swezey, 2002, 2008, 2009; Swezey and others, 2005, 2007). As the Devonian strata were buried by younger sediments, the Devonian shale was subjected to great temperature and pressure, and in some areas the shale crossed a thermal maturity threshold and began to generate oil. With increasing burial (increasing temperature and pressure), some of this oil-generating shale crossed another thermal maturity threshold and began to generate natural gas. Knowledge of the thermal maturity of the Devonian shale is therefore useful for predicting the occurrence and the spatial distribution of oil and gas within these three basins. This publication presents a thermal maturity map of Devonian shale in the Illinois, Michigan, and Appalachian basins. The map shows outlines of the three basins (dashed black lines) and an outline of Devonian shale (solid black lines). The basin outlines are compiled from Thomas and others (1989) and Swezey (2008, 2009). The outline of Devonian shale is a compilation from Freeman (1978), Thomas and others (1989), de Witt and others (1993), Dart (1995), Nicholson and others (2004), Dicken and others (2005a,b), and Stoeser and others (2005).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3214","isbn":"978-1-4113-3503-5","usgsCitation":"East, J.A., Swezey, C., Repetski, J.E., and Hayba, D.O., 2012, Thermal maturity map of Devonian shale in the Illinois, Michigan, and Appalachian basins of North America: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3214, Sheet: 40.33 x 33.19 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3214.","productDescription":"Sheet: 40.33 x 33.19 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3214.jpg"},{"id":263644,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3214/pdf/sim3214.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":263643,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3214/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Illinois;Indiana;Kentucky;Maryl;Michigan;Mississippi;New York;Ohio;Pennsylvania;Tennessee;Virginia;West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.0,32.0 ], [ -93.0,46.0 ], [ -74.0,46.0 ], [ -74.0,32.0 ], [ -93.0,32.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfba8ae4b01744973f77ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"East, Joseph A. 0000-0003-4226-9174 jeast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4226-9174","contributorId":2747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Joseph","email":"jeast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swezey, Christopher S.","contributorId":52640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swezey","given":"Christopher S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Repetski, John E. 0000-0002-2298-7120 jrepetski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2298-7120","contributorId":2596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"John","email":"jrepetski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayba, Daniel O. 0000-0003-4092-1894 dhayba@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-1894","contributorId":396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayba","given":"Daniel","email":"dhayba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":469601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041363,"text":"70041363 - 2012 - Hydrate morphology: Physical properties of sands with patchy hydrate saturation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-14T11:05:33","indexId":"70041363","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrate morphology: Physical properties of sands with patchy hydrate saturation","docAbstract":"The physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments depend on the volume fraction and spatial distribution of the hydrate phase. The host sediment grain size and the state of effective stress determine the hydrate morphology in sediments; this information can be used to significantly constrain estimates of the physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments, including the coarse-grained sands subjected to high effective stress that are of interest as potential energy resources. Reported data and physical analyses suggest hydrate-bearing sands contain a heterogeneous, patchy hydrate distribution, whereby zones with 100% pore-space hydrate saturation are embedded in hydrate-free sand. Accounting for patchy rather than homogeneous hydrate distribution yields more tightly constrained estimates of physical properties in hydrate-bearing sands and captures observed physical-property dependencies on hydrate saturation. For example, numerical modeling results of sands with patchy saturation agree with experimental observation, showing a transition in stiffness starting near the series bound at low hydrate saturations but moving toward the parallel bound at high hydrate saturations. The hydrate-patch size itself impacts the physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments; for example, at constant hydrate saturation, we find that conductivity (electrical, hydraulic and thermal) increases as the number of hydrate-saturated patches increases. This increase reflects the larger number of conductive flow paths that exist in specimens with many small hydrate-saturated patches in comparison to specimens in which a few large hydrate saturated patches can block flow over a significant cross-section of the specimen.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2012JB009667","usgsCitation":"Dai, S., Santamarina, J., Waite, W., and Kneafsey, T., 2012, Hydrate morphology: Physical properties of sands with patchy hydrate saturation: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 117, no. B11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JB009667.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"B11205","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-038897","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5635","text":"External Repository"},{"id":263661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263659,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012JB009667"}],"volume":"117","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfb97ee4b01744973f77a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dai, S.","contributorId":9757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dai","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Santamarina, J.C.","contributorId":50283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santamarina","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waite, William F. 0000-0002-9436-4109 wwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4109","contributorId":625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"William F.","email":"wwaite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kneafsey, T.J.","contributorId":40330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kneafsey","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041362,"text":"70041362 - 2012 - Shallow stratigraphic control on pockmark distribution in north temperate estuaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-04T11:27:24","indexId":"70041362","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow stratigraphic control on pockmark distribution in north temperate estuaries","docAbstract":"Pockmark fields occur throughout northern North American temperate estuaries despite the absence of extensive thermogenic hydrocarbon deposits typically associated with pockmarks. In such settings, the origins of the gas and triggering mechanism(s) responsible for pockmark formation are not obvious. Nor is it known why pockmarks proliferate in this region but do not occur south of the glacial terminus in eastern North America. This paper tests two hypotheses addressing these knowledge gaps: 1) the region's unique sea-level history provided a terrestrial deposit that sourced the gas responsible for pockmark formation; and 2) the region's physiography controls pockmarks distribution. This study integrates over 2500 km of high-resolution swath bathymetry, Chirp seismic reflection profiles and vibracore data acquired in three estuarine pockmark fields in the Gulf of Maine and Bay of Fundy. Vibracores sampled a hydric paleosol lacking the organic-rich upper horizons, indicating that an organic-rich terrestrial deposit was eroded prior to pockmark formation. This observation suggests that the gas, which is presumably responsible for the formation of the pockmarks, originated in Holocene estuarine sediments (loss on ignition 3.5–10%), not terrestrial deposits that were subsequently drowned and buried by mud. The 7470 pockmarks identified in this study are non-randomly clustered. Pockmark size and distribution relate to Holocene sediment thickness (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.60), basin morphology and glacial deposits. The irregular underlying topography that dictates Holocene sediment thickness may ultimately play a more important role in temperate estuarine pockmark distribution than drowned terrestrial deposits. These results give insight into the conditions necessary for pockmark formation in nearshore coastal environments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2012.09.006","usgsCitation":"Brothers, L., Kelley, J.T., Belknap, D.F., Barnhardt, W., Andrews, B., Legere, C., and Hughes Clarke, J.E., 2012, Shallow stratigraphic control on pockmark distribution in north temperate estuaries: Marine Geology, v. 329-331, p. 34-45, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2012.09.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-035626","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474225,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5759","text":"External Repository"},{"id":263667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263662,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2012.09.006"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Maine;New Brunswick","otherGeospatial":"Belfast Bay;Blue Hill Bay;Passamaquoddy Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -69.0,44.2 ], [ -69.0,45.17 ], [ -66.9,45.17 ], [ -66.9,44.2 ], [ -69.0,44.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"329-331","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfb9c3e4b01744973f77aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brothers, Laura L.","contributorId":96132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Laura L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelley, Joseph T.","contributorId":6703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belknap, Daniel F.","contributorId":20588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belknap","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnhardt, Walter A.","contributorId":80656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhardt","given":"Walter A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrews, Brian D.","contributorId":54180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Brian D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Legere, Christine","contributorId":89781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legere","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hughes Clarke, John E.","contributorId":58676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes Clarke","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70041310,"text":"70041310 - 2012 - Bird use of fields treated postharvest with two types of flooding in Tulare Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-03T15:13:31","indexId":"70041310","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bird use of fields treated postharvest with two types of flooding in Tulare Basin, California","docAbstract":"We surveyed birds on grain and non-grain fields in the Tulare Basin of California treated post-harvest with two types of flooding that varied in duration and depth of water applied (Flooded-type fields [FLD]: <1 cm-1.5 m for >1 week; Irrigated-type fields [IRG]: <1-15 cm water for <1 week at a time). Our goal was to compare use of these field types by birds to guide habitat conservation in the region. During 19 August-6 December 2005, we counted a total of 80,316 birds during 23 surveys of 5 FLD (4 wheat, 1 alfalfa) fields and 8,225 birds during 38 surveys of 33 IRG (23 cotton, 4 tomato, 3 wheat, 1 alfalfa, 1 oat, 1 fallow) fields. We recorded 14 waterfowl (13 duck, 1 goose), 29 other waterbird (coots, shorebirds, grebes, pelicans, herons, egrets, gulls, terns), and 14 non-waterbird (passerines, raptors, and vultures) species on FLD fields compared to 5 duck, 14 other waterbird, and 9 non-waterbird species on IRG fields. Species composition differed by field type; waterfowl (FLD vs. IRG, 16.2% vs. 1.3%) and other waterbirds (80.4% vs. 71.6%) comprised a greater percentage and non-waterbirds (3.5% vs. 27.1%) a lower percentage of birds on FLD than on IRG fields. The modeled density estimate of waterfowl was 108 times greater on FLD than IRG fields and 7.4 times greater on grain than non-grain fields. The density estimate of other waterbirds was 11.8 times greater on FLD than IRG fields and 4.4 times greater on grain than non-grain fields. The density estimate of non-waterbirds was 14.3 times greater on grain than non-grain fields but did not differ by flood type. Long duration (i.e., >1 week) flooding increased waterbird use of grain fields in the Tulare Basin more than in the northern Central Valley. Thus, even though water costs are high in the Tulare Basin, if net benefit to waterbirds is considered, management programs that increase availability of FLD-type fields (especially grain) in the Tulare Basin may be a cost-effective option to help meet waterbird habitat conservation goals in the Central Valley of California.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Arlington, VA","doi":"10.3996/092011-JFWM-056","usgsCitation":"Fleskes, J.P., Skalos, D.A., and Farinha, M.A., 2012, Bird use of fields treated postharvest with two types of flooding in Tulare Basin, California: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 3, no. 1, p. 164-174, https://doi.org/10.3996/092011-JFWM-056.","productDescription":"11 p.; Supplemental Material","startPage":"164","endPage":"174","ipdsId":"IP-032377","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/092011-jfwm-056","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":263635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263634,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3996/092011-JFWM-056"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley;Tulare;Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.1851,34.8421 ], [ -121.1851,36.9861 ], [ -118.5257,36.9861 ], [ -118.5257,34.8421 ], [ -121.1851,34.8421 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bdc9eae4b0f6301734766f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":1889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skalos, Daniel A.","contributorId":64123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalos","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farinha, Melissa A.","contributorId":7791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farinha","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041306,"text":"ds733 - 2012 - Seasonal variability in the surface sediments of Mobile Bay, Alabama, recorded by geochemistry and foraminifera, 2009–2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-03T08:22:14","indexId":"ds733","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"733","title":"Seasonal variability in the surface sediments of Mobile Bay, Alabama, recorded by geochemistry and foraminifera, 2009–2010","docAbstract":"A study was undertaken in order to document and quantify recent environmental change in Mobile Bay, Alabama. The study was part of the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) Ecosystem Change and Hazard Susceptibility project, a regional project funded by the Coastal and Marine Geology Program to understand how natural forcings and anthropogenic modifications influence coastal ecosystems and their susceptibility to coastal hazards. Mobile Bay is a large drowned-river estuary that has been modified significantly by humans to accommodate the Port of Mobile. Examples include repeated dredging of a large shipping channel down the central axis of the bay and construction of a causeway across the head of the bay and at the foot of the bayhead delta. In addition to modifications, the bay is also known to have episodic periods of low oxygen (hypoxia) that result in significant mortality to fish and benthic organisms (May, 1973). For this study a series of surface sediment samples were collected. Surface benthic foraminiferal and bulk geochemical data provide the modern baseline conditions of the bay and can be used as a reference to changing environmental parameters in the past (Osterman and Smith, in press) and into the future. This report archives data collected as part of the Mobile Bay Study that may be used in future environmental change studies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds733","usgsCitation":"Umberger, D., Osterman, L., Smith, C., Frazier, J., and Richwine, K., 2012, Seasonal variability in the surface sediments of Mobile Bay, Alabama, recorded by geochemistry and foraminifera, 2009–2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 733, iii, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds733.","productDescription":"iii, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263591,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_733.jpg"},{"id":263589,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/733/"},{"id":263590,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/733/pdf/ds733.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Mobile Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.166667,30.166667 ], [ -88.166667,30.666667 ], [ -87.666667,30.666667 ], [ -87.666667,30.166667 ], [ -88.166667,30.166667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bd12eee4b069d93eefc4b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Umberger, D.K.","contributorId":13356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Umberger","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osterman, L.E.","contributorId":53836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterman","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, C.G.","contributorId":105947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frazier, J.","contributorId":88439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frazier","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richwine, K.A.","contributorId":15906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richwine","given":"K.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70156458,"text":"70156458 - 2012 - Canada Basin revealed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-08T19:57:12.766272","indexId":"70156458","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Canada Basin revealed","docAbstract":"<p><span>More than 15,000 line-km of new regional seismic reflection and refraction data in the western Arctic Ocean provide insights into the tectonic and sedimentologic history of Canada Basin, permitting development of new geologic understanding in one of Earth's last frontiers. These new data support a rotational opening model for southern Canada Basin. There is a central basement ridge possibly representing an extinct spreading center with oceanic crustal velocities and blocky basement morphology characteristic of spreading centre crust surrounding this ridge. Basement elevation is lower in the south, mostly due to sediment loading subsidence. The sedimentary succession is thickest in the southern Beaufort Sea region, reaching more than 15 km, and generally thins to the north and west. In the north, grabens and half-grabens are indicative of extension. Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge is a large igneous province in northern Amerasia Basin, presumably emplaced synchronously with basin formation. It overprints most of northern Canada Basin structure. The seafloor and sedimentary succession of Canada Basin is remarkably flat-lying in its central region, with little bathymetric change over most of its extent. Reflections that correlate over 100s of kms comprise most of the succession and on-lap bathymetric and basement highs. They are interpreted as representing deposits from unconfined turbidity current flows. Sediment distribution patterns reflect changing source directions during the basin&rsquo;s history. Initially, probably late Cretaceous to Paleocene synrift sediments sourced from the Alaska and Mackenzie-Beaufort margins. This unit shows a progressive series of onlap unconformities with a younging trend towards Alpha and Northwind ridges, likely a response to contemporaneous subsidence. Sediment source direction appeared to shift to the Canadian Arctic Archipelago margin for the Eocene and Oligocene, likely due to uplift of Arctic islands during the Eurekan Orogeny. The final stage of sedimentation appears to be from the Mackenzie-Beaufort region for the Miocene and Pliocene when drainage patterns shifted in the Yukon and Alaska to the Mackenzie valley. Upturned reflections at onlap positions may indicate syn-depositional subsidence. There is little evidence, at least at a regional seismic data scale, of contemporaneous or post-depositional sediment reworking, suggesting little large-scale geostrophic or thermohaline-driven bottom current activity.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic Technology Conference: Challenges for today, opportunities for tomorrow","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Arctic Technology Conference 2012","conferenceDate":"December 3-5, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Houston, Texas, United States","language":"English","publisher":"Offshore Technology Conference","doi":"10.4043/23797-MS","usgsCitation":"Mosher, D.C., Shimeld, J., Hutchinson, D.R., Chian, D., Lebedeva-Ivanova, N., and Jackson, R., 2012, Canada Basin revealed, <i>in</i> Arctic Technology Conference: Challenges for today, opportunities for tomorrow, Houston, Texas, United States, December 3-5, 2012, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.4043/23797-MS.","productDescription":"11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041987","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307166,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic Ocean, Canada Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.21990729069734,\n              70.77962290516786\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.07655009391658,\n              71.11604815059647\n            ],\n            [\n              -127.743467599712,\n              72.07575620369948\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.47019082691355,\n              73.8675469961417\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.63968021783072,\n              76.15296901893535\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.20483912106104,\n              78.69417054187653\n            ],\n            [\n              -127.49898152161086,\n              81.20862939238191\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.49225629388687,\n              82.86708520508876\n            ],\n            [\n              -173.1770377934791,\n              81.31295045587689\n            ],\n            [\n              -175.35815779559644,\n              77.52761471467934\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.7036592133713,\n              74.51299612473647\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.0116361944457,\n              73.22203342559573\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.21990729069734,\n              70.77962290516786\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d84bb1e4b0518e3546efe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosher, David C.","contributorId":66118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosher","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18105,"text":"University of New Hampshire, Durham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shimeld, John","contributorId":146869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shimeld","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah R. 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":569227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chian, D","contributorId":118639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chian","given":"D","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lebedeva-Ivanova, Nina","contributorId":146870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lebedeva-Ivanova","given":"Nina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jackson, Ruth","contributorId":36799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Ruth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70041305,"text":"70041305 - 2012 - Estimation of speciated and total mercury dry deposition at monitoring locations in eastern and central North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-05T09:32:59","indexId":"70041305","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":922,"text":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of speciated and total mercury dry deposition at monitoring locations in eastern and central North America","docAbstract":"Dry deposition of speciated mercury, i.e., gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM), particulate-bound mercury (PBM), and gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), was estimated for the year 2008–2009 at 19 monitoring locations in eastern and central North America. Dry deposition estimates were obtained by combining monitored two- to four-hourly speciated ambient concentrations with modeled hourly dry deposition velocities (V<sub>d</sub>) calculated using forecasted meteorology. Annual dry deposition of GOM+PBM was estimated to be in the range of 0.4 to 8.1 μg m<sup>−2</sup> at these locations with GOM deposition being mostly five to ten times higher than PBM deposition, due to their different modeled V<sub>d</sub> values. Net annual GEM dry deposition was estimated to be in the range of 5 to 26 μg m<sup>−2</sup> at 18 sites and 33 μg m<sup>−2</sup> at one site. The estimated dry deposition agrees very well with limited surrogate-surface dry deposition measurements of GOM and PBM, and also agrees with litterfall mercury measurements conducted at multiple locations in eastern and central North America. This study suggests that GEM contributes much more than GOM+PBM to the total dry deposition at the majority of the sites considered here; the only exception is at locations close to significant point sources where GEM and GOM+PBM contribute equally to the total dry deposition. The relative magnitude of the speciated dry deposition and their good comparisons with litterfall deposition suggest that mercury in litterfall originates primarily from GEM, which is consistent with the limited number of previous field studies. The study also supports previous analyses suggesting that total dry deposition of mercury is equal to, if not more important than, wet deposition of mercury on a regional scale in eastern North America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union (Copernicus Publications)","publisherLocation":"Munich, Germany","doi":"10.5194/acp-12-4327-2012","usgsCitation":"Zhang, L., Blanchard, P., Gay, D., Prestbo, E., Risch, M., Johnson, D., Narayan, J., Zsolway, R., Holsen, T., Miller, E., Castro, M., Graydon, J., , L., and Dalziel, J., 2012, Estimation of speciated and total mercury dry deposition at monitoring locations in eastern and central North America: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, v. 12, no. 9, p. 4327-4340, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4327-2012.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"4327","endPage":"4340","ipdsId":"IP-033882","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4327-2012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":263594,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4327-2012"},{"id":263596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Canada","otherGeospatial":"Piney Reservoir;Beltsville;Grand Bay Nerr;Thompson Farm;Brigantine;New Brunswick;Chester;Elizabeth Lab;Kejimkujik National Park;Bronx;Huntington Wildlife;Rochester;Rochester B;Athens Super Site;Stilwell;Antelope Island;Salt Lake City;Underhill;Canaan Valley Institute;Experimental Lakes Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.46,29.45 ], [ -114.46,50.51 ], [ -61.68,50.51 ], [ -61.68,29.45 ], [ -114.46,29.45 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"12","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bd12dce4b069d93eefc4b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, L.","contributorId":41543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blanchard, P.","contributorId":70267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gay, D.A.","contributorId":54018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prestbo, E.M.","contributorId":83739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prestbo","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Risch, M.R.","contributorId":55032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risch","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, D.","contributorId":85955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Narayan, J.","contributorId":41309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Narayan","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zsolway, R.","contributorId":32059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zsolway","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Holsen, T.M.","contributorId":33122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holsen","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Miller, E. K.","contributorId":9832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"E. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Castro, M.S.","contributorId":65358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Graydon, J.A.","contributorId":7902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graydon","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":" Louis","contributorId":71353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"given":"Louis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Dalziel, J.","contributorId":64484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalziel","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70118384,"text":"70118384 - 2012 - Bats, mines, and citizen science in the Rockies: Volunteers make a difference in Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-21T16:23:48","indexId":"70118384","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T16:05:04","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":974,"text":"BATS Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bats, mines, and citizen science in the Rockies: Volunteers make a difference in Colorado","docAbstract":"<p><span>Biologists at the Colorado Division of Wildlife faced a big problem back in 1990. They wanted to protect important bat roosts in the state’s abandoned mines, but first they had to find the bats. Colorado’s rich mining history had left more than 23,000 old mines scattered across the landscape, few of which had ever been surveyed for bat roosts. The magnitude of the task was overwhelming. So the agency put out a call for volunteers, “citizen scientists” willing to donate their time for bat conservation. Two decades later, the results have surpassed their wildest expectations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bat Conservation International","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","usgsCitation":"Hayes, M.A., 2012, Bats, mines, and citizen science in the Rockies: Volunteers make a difference in Colorado: BATS Magazine, v. 30, no. 4, p. 10-11.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291214,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342736,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.batcon.org/resources/media-education/bats-magazine/bat_article/1136"}],"volume":"30","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f428e4b0bc0bec0a0df3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, Mark A. hayesm@usgs.gov","contributorId":25086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Mark","email":"hayesm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70118123,"text":"70118123 - 2012 - The genetic structure of a relict population of wood frogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T09:59:24","indexId":"70118123","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T15:51:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The genetic structure of a relict population of wood frogs","docAbstract":"<p>Habitat fragmentation and the associated reduction in connectivity between habitat patches are commonly cited causes of genetic differentiation and reduced genetic variation in animal populations. We used eight microsatellite markers to investigate genetic structure and levels of genetic diversity in a relict population of wood frogs (<i>Lithobates sylvatica</i>) in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, where recent disturbances have altered hydrologic processes and fragmented amphibian habitat. We also estimated migration rates among subpopulations, tested for a pattern of isolation-by-distance, and looked for evidence of a recent population bottleneck. The results from the clustering algorithm in Program STRUCTURE indicated the population is partitioned into two genetic clusters (subpopulations), and this result was further supported by factorial component analysis. In addition, an estimate of FST (FST = 0.0675, P value \\0.0001) supported the genetic differentiation of the two clusters. Estimates of migration rates among the two subpopulations were low, as were estimates of genetic variability. Conservation of the population of wood frogs may be improved by increasing the spatial distribution of the population and improving gene flow between the subpopulations. Construction or restoration of wetlands in the landscape between the clusters has the potential to address each of these objectives.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10592-012-0395-1","usgsCitation":"Scherer, R., Muths, E., Noon, B., and Oyler-McCance, S., 2012, The genetic structure of a relict population of wood frogs: Conservation Genetics, v. 13, no. 6, p. 1521-1530, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-012-0395-1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1521","endPage":"1530","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291049,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291048,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-012-0395-1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.913714,40.158067 ], [ -105.913714,40.553787 ], [ -105.493583,40.553787 ], [ -105.493583,40.158067 ], [ -105.913714,40.158067 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"13","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412b9c0e4b0239f1986bb1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scherer, Rick","contributorId":67427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scherer","given":"Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muths, Erin 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":14012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noon, Barry","contributorId":64934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noon","given":"Barry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oyler-McCance, Sara","contributorId":96820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"Sara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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