{"pageNumber":"1595","pageRowStart":"39850","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184563,"records":[{"id":70041045,"text":"70041045 - 2012 - A multi-sensor lidar, multi-spectral and multi-angular approach for mapping canopy height in boreal forest regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T14:41:10","indexId":"70041045","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multi-sensor lidar, multi-spectral and multi-angular approach for mapping canopy height in boreal forest regions","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spatially explicit representations of vegetation canopy height over large regions are necessary for a wide variety of inventory, monitoring, and modeling activities. Although airborne lidar data has been successfully used to develop vegetation canopy height maps in many regions, for vast, sparsely populated regions such as the boreal forest biome, airborne lidar is not widely available. An alternative approach to canopy height mapping in areas where airborne lidar data is limited is to use spaceborne lidar measurements in combination with multi-angular and multi-spectral remote sensing data to produce comprehensive canopy height maps for the entire region. This study uses spaceborne lidar data from the Geosciences Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) as training data for regression tree models that incorporate multi-angular and multi-spectral data from the Multi-Angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) to map vegetation canopy height across a 1,300,000&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span> swath of boreal forest in Interior Alaska. Results are compared to in situ height measurements as well as airborne lidar data. Although many of the GLAS-derived canopy height estimates are inaccurate, applying a series of filters incorporating both data associated with the GLAS shots as well as ancillary data such as land cover can identify the majority of height estimates with significant errors, resulting in a filtered dataset with much higher accuracy. Results from the regression tree models indicate that late winter MISR imagery acquired under snow-covered conditions is effective for mapping canopy heights ranging from 5 to 15&nbsp;m, which includes the vast majority of forests in the region. It appears that neither MISR nor MODIS imagery acquired during the growing season is effective for canopy height mapping, although including summer multi-spectral MODIS data along with winter MISR imagery does appear to provide a slight increase in the accuracy of resulting height maps. The finding that winter, snow-covered MISR imagery can be used to map canopy height is important because clear sky days are nearly three times as common during the late winter period as during the growing season. The increased odds of acquiring cloud-free imagery during the target acquisition period make regularly updated forest height inventories for Interior Alaska much more feasible. A major advantage of the GLAS–MISR–MODIS canopy height mapping methodology described here is that this approach uses only data that is freely available worldwide, making the approach potentially applicable across the entire circumpolar boreal forest region.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2012.02.020","usgsCitation":"Selkowitz, D.J., Green, G., Peterson, B.E., and Wylie, B., 2012, A multi-sensor lidar, multi-spectral and multi-angular approach for mapping canopy height in boreal forest regions: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 121, p. 458-471, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.02.020.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"458","endPage":"471","ipdsId":"IP-035645","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263516,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263515,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.02.020"}],"volume":"121","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d59e83e4b0ba654692b9b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selkowitz, David J. 0000-0003-0824-7051 dselkowitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0824-7051","contributorId":3259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selkowitz","given":"David","email":"dselkowitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, Gordon","contributorId":65738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Gordon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Birgit E. 0000-0002-4356-1540 bpeterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4356-1540","contributorId":3599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Birgit","email":"bpeterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce 0000-0002-7374-1083","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":107996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70188518,"text":"70188518 - 2012 - Characterizing post-drainage succession in Thermokarst Lake Basins on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska with TerraSAR-X Backscatter and Landsat-based NDVI data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T14:12:02","indexId":"70188518","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing post-drainage succession in Thermokarst Lake Basins on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska with TerraSAR-X Backscatter and Landsat-based NDVI data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Drained thermokarst lake basins accumulate significant amounts of soil organic carbon in the form of peat, which is of interest to understanding carbon cycling and climate change feedbacks associated with thermokarst in the Arctic. Remote sensing is a tool useful for understanding temporal and spatial dynamics of drained basins. In this study, we tested the application of high-resolution X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data of the German TerraSAR-X satellite from the 2009 growing season (July–September) for characterizing drained thermokarst lake basins of various age in the ice-rich permafrost region of the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska. To enhance interpretation of patterns identified in X-band SAR for these basins, we also analyzed the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) calculated from a Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper image acquired on July 2009 and compared both X-band SAR and NDVI data with observations of basin age. We found significant logarithmic relationships between (a) TerraSAR-X backscatter and basin age from 0 to 10,000 years, (b) Landat-5 TM NDVI and basin age from 0 to 10,000 years, and (c) TerraSAR-X backscatter and basin age from 50 to 10,000 years. NDVI was a better indicator of basin age over a period of 0–10,000 years. However, TerraSAR-X data performed much better for discriminating radiocarbon-dated basins (50–10,000 years old). No clear relationships were found for either backscatter or NDVI and basin age from 0 to 50 years. We attribute the decreasing trend of backscatter and NDVI with increasing basin age to post-drainage changes in the basin surface. Such changes include succession in vegetation, soils, hydrology, and renewed permafrost aggradation, ground ice accumulation and localized frost heave. Results of this study show the potential application of X-band SAR data in combination with NDVI data to map long-term succession dynamics of drained thermokarst lake basins.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Remote Sensing","doi":"10.3390/rs4123741","usgsCitation":"Regmi, P., Grosse, G., Jones, M.C., Jones, B.M., and Walter Anthony, K., 2012, Characterizing post-drainage succession in Thermokarst Lake Basins on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska with TerraSAR-X Backscatter and Landsat-based NDVI data: Remote Sensing, v. 4, p. 3741-3765, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs4123741.","productDescription":"25 p. ","startPage":"3741","endPage":"3765","ipdsId":"IP-041633","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs4123741","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342501,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Seward Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.4443359375,\n              66.46066349658045\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.806640625,\n              66.23145747862573\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.3779296875,\n              66.12496236487968\n            ],\n            [\n              -163.30078125,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ],\n            [\n              -163.564453125,\n              66.42553717157787\n            ],\n            [\n              -163.564453125,\n              66.65297740055279\n            ],\n            [\n              -164.35546875,\n              66.75724984139227\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.9375,\n              66.58321725728175\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.2119140625,\n              66.31986144668052\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.00292968749997,\n              66.01801815922045\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.7060546875,\n              65.4034447883078\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.6953125,\n              64.4348920430406\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.9814453125,\n              64.01449619484472\n            ],\n            [\n              -163.30078125,\n              63.93737246791484\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.20214843749997,\n              64.35893097894458\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.3232421875,\n              64.60503753178527\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.0595703125,\n              64.77412531292873\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.4443359375,\n              65.164578884019\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.26855468749997,\n              65.56754970214311\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.048828125,\n              65.92855383515203\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.4443359375,\n              66.46066349658045\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59424b3de4b0764e6c65dc75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Regmi, Prajna","contributorId":192910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regmi","given":"Prajna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":146182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12916,"text":"Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Miriam C. 0000-0002-6650-7619 miriamjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6650-7619","contributorId":4056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Miriam","email":"miriamjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walter Anthony, Katey","contributorId":192911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter Anthony","given":"Katey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70041039,"text":"70041039 - 2012 - Behavioral vs. molecular sources of conflict between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA: The role of male-biased dispersal in a Holarctic sea duck","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:50:12","indexId":"70041039","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral vs. molecular sources of conflict between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA: The role of male-biased dispersal in a Holarctic sea duck","docAbstract":"Genetic studies of waterfowl (Anatidae) have observed the full spectrum of mitochondrial (mt) DNA population divergence, from apparent panmixia to deep, reciprocally monophyletic lineages. Yet, these studies often found weak or no nuclear (nu) DNA structure, which was often attributed to male-biased gene flow, a common behaviour within this family. An alternative explanation for this ‘conflict’ is that the smaller effective population size and faster sorting rate of mtDNA relative to nuDNA lead to different signals of population structure. We tested these alternatives by sequencing 12 nuDNA introns for a Holarctic pair of waterfowl subspecies, the European goosander (<i>Mergus merganser merganser</i>) and the North American common merganser (<i>M. m. americanus</i>), which exhibit strong population structure in mtDNA. We inferred effective population sizes, gene flow and divergence times from published mtDNA sequences and simulated expected differentiation for nuDNA based on those histories. Between Europe and North America, nuDNA Ф<sub><i>ST</i></sub> was 3.4-fold lower than mtDNA Ф<sub><i>ST</i></sub>, a result consistent with differences in sorting rates. However, despite geographically structured and monophyletic mtDNA lineages within continents, nuDNA Ф<sub><i>ST</i></sub> values were generally zero and significantly lower than predicted. This between- and within-continent contrast held when comparing mtDNA and nuDNA among published studies of ducks. Thus, male-mediated gene flow is a better explanation than slower sorting rates for limited nuDNA differentiation within continents, which is also supported by nonmolecular data. This study illustrates the value of quantitatively testing discrepancies between mtDNA and nuDNA to reject the null hypothesis that conflict simply reflects different sorting rates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05612.x","usgsCitation":"Peters, J.L., Bolender, K.A., and Pearce, J.M., 2012, Behavioral vs. molecular sources of conflict between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA: The role of male-biased dispersal in a Holarctic sea duck: Molecular Ecology, v. 21, no. 14, p. 3562-3575, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05612.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"3562","endPage":"3575","ipdsId":"IP-036527","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263524,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263519,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05612.x"}],"volume":"21","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d88991e4b0af4069e40c3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":34402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bolender, Kimberly A.","contributorId":62492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolender","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041044,"text":"70041044 - 2012 - Effects of sea ice on winter site fidelity of Pacific common eiders (<i>Somateria mollissima v-nigrum</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T10:46:33","indexId":"70041044","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of sea ice on winter site fidelity of Pacific common eiders (<i>Somateria mollissima v-nigrum</i>)","docAbstract":"In northern marine habitats, the presence or absence of sea ice results in variability in the distribution of many species and the quality and availability of pelagic winter habitat. To understand the effects of ice on intra- and inter-annual winter site fidelity and movements in a northern sea-duck species, we marked 25 adult Pacific Common Eiders (<i>Somateria mollissima v-nigrum</i>) on their nesting area at Cape Espenberg, Alaska, with satellite transmitters and monitored their movements to their wintering areas in the northern Bering Sea for a 2-year period. We examined changes in winter fidelity in relation to home-range characteristics and ice. Characteristics of polynyas (areas with persistent open water during winter) varied substantially and likely had an effect on the size of winter ranges and movements within polynyas. Movements within polynyas were correlated with changes in weather that affected ice conditions. Ninety-five percent of individuals were found within their 95% utilization distribution (UD) of the previous year, and 90% were found within their 50% UD. Spatial distributions of winter locations between years changed for 32% of the individuals; however, we do not consider these subtle movements biologically significant. Although ice conditions varied between polynyas within and between years, the Common Eiders monitored in our study showed a high degree of fidelity to their winter areas. This observation is counterintuitive, given the requirement that resources are predictable for site fidelity to occur; however, ice may not have been severe enough to restrict access to other resources and, subsequently, force birds to move.","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2012.11256","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.R., Douglas, D.C., Wilson, H.M., and McCloskey, S.E., 2012, Effects of sea ice on winter site fidelity of Pacific common eiders (<i>Somateria mollissima v-nigrum</i>): The Auk, v. 129, no. 3, p. 399-408, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.11256.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"408","ipdsId":"IP-036886","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.11256","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":263553,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cape Espenberg","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,51.2 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -130.0,71.4 ], [ -130.0,51.2 ], [ 172.5,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"129","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50db4a98e4b0612706009f1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Heather M.","contributorId":37056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13236,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCloskey, Sarah E. smccloskey@usgs.gov","contributorId":22649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCloskey","given":"Sarah","email":"smccloskey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041248,"text":"ds709D - 2012 - Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the North Takhar mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter D in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-01T11:11:27","indexId":"ds709D","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"709","chapter":"D","title":"Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the North Takhar mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter D in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations, prepared databases for mineral-resource target areas in Afghanistan. The purpose of the databases is to (1) provide useful data to ground-survey crews for use in performing detailed assessments of the areas and (2) provide useful information to private investors who are considering investment in a particular area for development of its natural resources. The set of satellite-image mosaics provided in this Data Series (DS) is one such database. Although airborne digital color-infrared imagery was acquired for parts of Afghanistan in 2006, the image data have radiometric variations that preclude their use in creating a consistent image mosaic for geologic analysis. Consequently, image mosaics were created using ALOS (Advanced Land Observation Satellite; renamed Daichi) satellite images, whose radiometry has been well determined (Saunier, 2007a,b). This part of the DS consists of the locally enhanced ALOS image mosaics for the North Takhar mineral district, which has placer gold deposits. ALOS was launched on January 24, 2006, and provides multispectral images from the AVNIR (Advanced Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer) sensor in blue (420–500 nanometer, nm), green (520–600 nm), red (610–690 nm), and near-infrared (760–890 nm) wavelength bands with an 8-bit dynamic range and a 10-meter (m) ground resolution. The satellite also provides a panchromatic band image from the PRISM (Panchromatic Remote-sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping) sensor (520–770 nm) with the same dynamic range but a 2.5-m ground resolution. The image products in this DS incorporate copyrighted data provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (©JAXA,2006,2008), but the image processing has altered the original pixel structure and all image values of the JAXA ALOS data, such that original image values cannot be recreated from this DS. As such, the DS products match JAXA criteria for value added products, which are not copyrighted, according to the ALOS end-user license agreement. The selection criteria for the satellite imagery used in our mosaics were images having (1) the highest solar-elevation angles (near summer solstice) and (2) the least cloud, cloud-shadow, and snow cover. The multispectral and panchromatic data were orthorectified with ALOS satellite ephemeris data, a process which is not as accurate as orthorectification using digital elevation models (DEMs); however, the ALOS processing center did not have a precise DEM. As a result, the multispectral and panchromatic image pairs were generally not well registered to the surface and not coregistered well enough to perform resolution enhancement on the multispectral data. Therefore, it was necessary to (1) register the 10-m AVNIR multispectral imagery to a well-controlled Landsat image base, (2) mosaic the individual multispectral images into a single image of the entire area of interest, (3) register each panchromatic image to the registered multispectral image base, and (4) mosaic the individual panchromatic images into a single image of the entire area of interest. The two image-registration steps were facilitated using an automated control-point algorithm developed by the USGS that allows image coregistration to within one picture element. Before rectification, the multispectral and panchromatic images were converted to radiance values and then to relative-reflectance values using the methods described in Davis (2006). Mosaicking the multispectral or panchromatic images started with the image with the highest sun-elevation angle and the least atmospheric scattering, which was treated as the standard image. The band-reflectance values of all other multispectral or panchromatic images within the area were sequentially adjusted to that of the standard image by determining band-reflectance correspondence between overlapping images using linear least-squares analysis. The resolution of the multispectral image mosaic was then increased to that of the panchromatic image mosaic using the SPARKLE logic, which is described in Davis (2006). Each of the four-band images within the resolution-enhanced image mosaic was individually subjected to a local-area histogram stretch algorithm (described in Davis, 2007), which stretches each band’s picture element based on the digital values of all picture elements within a 315-m radius. The final databases, which are provided in this DS, are three-band, color-composite images of the local-area-enhanced, natural-color data (the blue, green, and red wavelength bands) and color-infrared data (the green, red, and near-infrared wavelength bands). All image data were initially projected and maintained in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) map projection using the target area’s local zone (42 for North Takhar) and the WGS84 datum. The final image mosaics were subdivided into nine overlapping tiles or quadrants because of the large size of the target area. The nine image tiles (or quadrants) for the North Takhar area are provided as embedded geotiff images, which can be read and used by most geographic information system (GIS) and image-processing software. The tiff world files (tfw) are provided, even though they are generally not needed for most software to read an embedded geotiff image.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan (DS 709)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds709D","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense <a href=\"http://tfbso.defense.gov/www/\" target=\"_blank\">Task Force for Business and Stability Operations</a> and the <a href=\"http://www.bgs.ac.uk/AfghanMinerals/\" target=\"_blank\">Afghanistan Geological Survey</a>.  This report is Chapter D in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>. For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ds709\" target=\"_blank\">Data Series 709</a>.","usgsCitation":"Davis, P.A., and Cagney, L.E., 2012, Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the North Takhar mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter D in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 709, Readme File; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 and 41.76 x 48.21 inches; 18 Image Files: 18 Metadata Files; Shapefiles; DS 709, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds709D.","productDescription":"Readme File; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 and 41.76 x 48.21 inches; 18 Image Files: 18 Metadata Files; Shapefiles; DS 709","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-032347","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263529,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_709_D.jpg"},{"id":263609,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/d/index_maps/North_Takhar_Image_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":263610,"type":{"id":14,"text":"Image"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/d/image_files/image_files.html"},{"id":263611,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/d/metadata/metadata.html"},{"id":263612,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/d/shapefiles/shapefiles.html"},{"id":263613,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/index.html"},{"id":263606,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/d/"},{"id":263607,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/d/1_readme.txt"},{"id":263608,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/d/index_maps/North_Takhar_Area-of-Interest_Index_Map.pdf"}],"country":"Afghanistan","otherGeospatial":"North Takhar","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 60.5,29.25 ], [ 60.5,38.5 ], [ 75.0,38.5 ], [ 75.0,29.25 ], [ 60.5,29.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfbdabe4b01744973f7817","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Philip A. pdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Philip","email":"pdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":469453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cagney, Laura E. 0000-0003-3282-2458 lcagney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-2458","contributorId":4744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cagney","given":"Laura","email":"lcagney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041260,"text":"70041260 - 2012 - Toxicity of waters from the St. Lawrence River at Massena Area-of-Concern to the plankton species <i>Selenastrum capricornutum</i> and <i>Ceriodaphnia dubia</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-01T16:55:20","indexId":"70041260","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of waters from the St. Lawrence River at Massena Area-of-Concern to the plankton species <i>Selenastrum capricornutum</i> and <i>Ceriodaphnia dubia</i>","docAbstract":"In 1972, the US and Canada committed to restore the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Great Lakes Ecosystem under the first Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. During subsequent amendments, part of the St. Lawrence River at Massena NY, and segments of three tributaries, were designated as one Area of Concern (AOC) due to various beneficial use impairments (BUIs). Plankton beneficial use was designated impaired within this AOC because phytoplankton and zooplankton population data were unavailable or needed “further assessment”. Contaminated sediments from industrial waste disposal have been largely remediated, thus, the plankton BUI may currently be obsolete. The St. Lawrence River at Massena AOC remedial action plan established two criteria which may be used to assess the plankton BUI; the second states that, “in the absence of community structure data, plankton bioassays confirm no toxicity impact in ambient waters”. This study was implemented during 2011 to determine whether this criterion was achieved. Acute toxicity and chronic toxicity of local waters were quantified seasonally using standardized bioassays with green alga <i>Selenastrum capricornutum</i> and water flea <i>Ceriodaphnia dubia</i> to test the hypothesis that waters from sites within the AOC were no more toxic than were waters from adjacent reference sites. The results of univariate and multivariate analyses confirm that ambient waters from most AOC sites (and seasons) were not toxic to both species. Assuming both test species represent natural plankton assemblages, the quality of surface waters throughout most of this AOC should not seriously impair the health of resident plankton communities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","publisherLocation":"Ann Arbor, MI","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2012.09.008","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B.P., Duffy, B.T., Nally, C.J., and David, A.M., 2012, Toxicity of waters from the St. Lawrence River at Massena Area-of-Concern to the plankton species <i>Selenastrum capricornutum</i> and <i>Ceriodaphnia dubia</i>: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 38, no. 4, p. 812-820, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.09.008.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"812","endPage":"820","ipdsId":"IP-035122","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263543,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263542,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.09.008"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"New York","city":"Massena","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes;St. Lawrence River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.0,42.0 ], [ -80.0,47.0 ], [ -70.0,47.0 ], [ -70.0,42.0 ], [ -80.0,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e553e3e4b0a4aa5bb0221f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duffy, Brian T.","contributorId":6352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffy","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nally, Christopher J.","contributorId":24254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nally","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"David, Anthony M.","contributorId":36032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041073,"text":"70041073 - 2012 - Polar and brown bear genomes reveal ancient admixture and demographic footprints of past climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:12:01","indexId":"70041073","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polar and brown bear genomes reveal ancient admixture and demographic footprints of past climate change","docAbstract":"Polar bears (PBs) are superbly adapted to the extreme Arctic environment and have become emblematic of the threat to biodiversity from global climate change. Their divergence from the lower-latitude brown bear provides a textbook example of rapid evolution of distinct phenotypes. However, limited mitochondrial and nuclear DNA evidence conflicts in the timing of PB origin as well as placement of the species within versus sister to the brown bear lineage. We gathered extensive genomic sequence data from contemporary polar, brown, and American black bear samples, in addition to a 130,000- to 110,000-y old PB, to examine this problem from a genome-wide perspective. Nuclear DNA markers reflect a species tree consistent with expectation, showing polar and brown bears to be sister species. However, for the enigmatic brown bears native to Alaska's Alexander Archipelago, we estimate that not only their mitochondrial genome, but also 5–10% of their nuclear genome, is most closely related to PBs, indicating ancient admixture between the two species. Explicit admixture analyses are consistent with ancient splits among PBs, brown bears and black bears that were later followed by occasional admixture. We also provide paleodemographic estimates that suggest bear evolution has tracked key climate events, and that PB in particular experienced a prolonged and dramatic decline in its effective population size during the last ca. 500,000 years. We demonstrate that brown bears and PBs have had sufficiently independent evolutionary histories over the last 4–5 million years to leave imprints in the PB nuclear genome that likely are associated with ecological adaptation to the Arctic environment.","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1210506109","usgsCitation":"Miller, W., Schuster, S.C., Welch, A.J., Ratan, A., Bedoya-Reina, O.C., Zhao, F., Kim, H.L., Burhans, R.C., Drautz, D.I., Wittekindt, N.E., Tomsho, L.P., Ibarra-Laclette, E., Herrera-Estrella, L., Peacock, E.L., Farley, S., Sage, G.K., Rode, K.D., Obbard, M.E., Montiel, R., Bachmann, L., Ingolfsson, O., Aars, J., Mailund, T., Wiig, Ø., Talbot, S.L., and Lindqvist, C., 2012, Polar and brown bear genomes reveal ancient admixture and demographic footprints of past climate change: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 109, no. 36, p. E2382-E2390, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1210506109.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"E2382","endPage":"E2390","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038885","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1210506109","text":"External Repository"},{"id":263495,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"36","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e15df7e4b0ff1e7c57734f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Webb","contributorId":29671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Webb","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuster, Stephan C.","contributorId":28836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Stephan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Welch, Andreanna J.","contributorId":7982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Andreanna","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ratan, Aakrosh","contributorId":99403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratan","given":"Aakrosh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bedoya-Reina, Oscar C.","contributorId":33201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bedoya-Reina","given":"Oscar","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhao, Fangqing","contributorId":97790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"Fangqing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kim, Hie Lim","contributorId":88238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Hie","email":"","middleInitial":"Lim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Burhans, Richard C.","contributorId":91768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burhans","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Drautz, Daniela I.","contributorId":91382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drautz","given":"Daniela","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wittekindt, Nicola E.","contributorId":52056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wittekindt","given":"Nicola","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tomsho, Lynn P.","contributorId":44391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomsho","given":"Lynn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ibarra-Laclette, Enrique","contributorId":96984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ibarra-Laclette","given":"Enrique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Herrera-Estrella, Luis","contributorId":91769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrera-Estrella","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Peacock, Elizabeth L. 0000-0001-7279-0329 lpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0329","contributorId":3361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Elizabeth","email":"lpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Farley, Sean","contributorId":83415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farley","given":"Sean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Obbard, Martyn E.","contributorId":108002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Obbard","given":"Martyn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6780,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Montiel, Rafael","contributorId":75039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montiel","given":"Rafael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Bachmann, Lutz","contributorId":94893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachmann","given":"Lutz","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Ingolfsson, Olafur","contributorId":13839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingolfsson","given":"Olafur","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Aars, Jon","contributorId":91338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aars","given":"Jon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7238,"text":"Norwegian Polar Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Mailund, Thomas","contributorId":35210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mailund","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Wiig, Øystein","contributorId":13469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiig","given":"Øystein","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Lindqvist, Charlotte","contributorId":35989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindqvist","given":"Charlotte","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26}]}}
,{"id":70041057,"text":"70041057 - 2012 - Carry-over effects of winter location contribute to variation in timing of nest initiation and clutch size in black brant (<i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-07T10:30:57","indexId":"70041057","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carry-over effects of winter location contribute to variation in timing of nest initiation and clutch size in black brant (<i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i>)","docAbstract":"We assessed carry-over effects from winter location on timing of nest initiation and clutch size of Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) using observations of individually marked brant breeding at the Tutakoke River colony in Alaska, and wintering along a latitudinal gradient at three areas on the Pacific coast of Baja California: northernmost Bahia San Quintin (BSQ), Laguna Ojo de Liebre (LOL), and southernmost Laguna San Ignacio (LSI). Black Brant initiated nests according to a north—south trend in winter location, although year was a stronger predictor of initiation date than was wintering site. Female Black Brant that wintered at BSQ initiated nests 2.2 days earlier than females from LSI. Conversely, Black Brant showed only a weak south—north trend in clutch size; individuals from LSI laid slightly larger clutches than individuals from BSQ, probably because a smaller proportion of only high-quality females from the southernmost wintering area in Baja California were able to attain the nutritional condition necessary to breed. These results indicate that winter location can influence individual reproductive performance and, potentially, limit population growth of southern segments of the wintering Black Brant population.","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2012.11249","usgsCitation":"Schamber, J.L., Sedinger, J.S., and Ward, D.H., 2012, Carry-over effects of winter location contribute to variation in timing of nest initiation and clutch size in black brant (<i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i>): The Auk, v. 129, no. 2, p. 205-210, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.11249.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"210","ipdsId":"IP-036279","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263528,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -130.0,51.2 ], [ -130.0,71.4 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ 172.5,51.2 ], [ -130.0,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"129","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d8d5bae4b0af4069e43436","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schamber, Jason L.","contributorId":72512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schamber","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041035,"text":"70041035 - 2012 - Predicted eelgrass response to sea level rise and its availability to foraging Black Brant in Pacific coast estuaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-29T16:02:34","indexId":"70041035","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicted eelgrass response to sea level rise and its availability to foraging Black Brant in Pacific coast estuaries","docAbstract":"Managers need to predict how animals will respond to habitat redistributions caused by climate change. Our objective was to model the effects of sea level rise on total eelgrass (<i>Zostera marina</i>) habitat area and on the amount of that area that is accessible to Brant geese (<i>Branta bernicla</i>), specialist grazers of eelgrass. Digital elevation models were developed for seven estuaries from Alaska, Washington, California (USA), and Mexico. Scenarios of future total eelgrass area were derived from combinations of estuarine specific sediment and tectonic rates (i.e., bottom change rate) with three rates of eustatic sea level rise (ESLR). Percentages of total eelgrass areas that were accessible to foraging Brant were determined for December when the birds overwinter at more southerly sites and in April as they move north to sites where they build body stores on their way to nesting areas in Alaska. The modeling showed that accessible eelgrass area could be lower than total area due to how daytime low-tide height, eelgrass shoot length, and the upper elevation of eelgrass determined Brant-reaching depth. Projections of future eelgrass area indicated that present-day ESLR (2.8 mm/yr) and bottom change rates should sustain the current pattern of estuarine use by Brant except in Morro Bay, where use should decrease because eelgrass is being ejected from this estuary by a positive bottom change rate. Higher ESLR rates (6.3 and 12.7 mm/yr) should result in less Brant use of estuaries at the northern and southern ends of the flyway, particularly during the winter, but more use of mid-latitude estuaries. The capacity of mid-latitude estuaries to function as Brant feeding refugia, or for these estuaries and Izembek Lagoon to provide drift rather than attached leaves, is eventually limited by the decrease in total eelgrass area, which is a result of a light extinction affect on the eelgrass, or the habitat being pushed out of the estuary by positive tectonic rates. Management responses are limited to the increase or decrease of sediment supply and the relocation of levees to allow for upslope migration of eelgrass habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/11-1083.1","usgsCitation":"Shaughnessy, F.J., Gilkerson, W., Black, J.M., Ward, D.H., and Petrie, M., 2012, Predicted eelgrass response to sea level rise and its availability to foraging Black Brant in Pacific coast estuaries: Ecological Applications, v. 22, no. 6, p. 1743-1761, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1083.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1743","endPage":"1761","ipdsId":"IP-037026","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263498,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-1083.1"}],"country":"Mexico;United States","state":"Alaska;California;Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173,14.5 ], [ 173,71.9 ], [ -86.7,71.9 ], [ -86.7,14.5 ], [ 173,14.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"22","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e17ddee4b0ff1e7c57860e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaughnessy, Frank J.","contributorId":75831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaughnessy","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilkerson, Whelan","contributorId":94946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilkerson","given":"Whelan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Black, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":77822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Petrie, Mark","contributorId":18245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrie","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041101,"text":"sim3223 - 2012 - Under trees and water at Crater Lake National Park, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T13:27:19","indexId":"sim3223","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3223","title":"Under trees and water at Crater Lake National Park, Oregon","docAbstract":"Crater Lake partially fills the caldera that formed approximately 7,700 years ago during the eruption of a 12,000-ft-high volcano known as Mount Mazama. The caldera-forming, or climactic, eruption of Mount Mazama devastated the surrounding landscape, left a thick deposit of pumice and ash in adjacent valleys, and spread a blanket of volcanic ash as far away as southern Canada. Prior to the climactic event, Mount Mazama had a 400,000-year history of volcanic activity similar to other large Cascade volcanoes such as Mounts Shasta, Hood, and Rainier. Since the caldera formed, many smaller, less violent eruptions occurred at volcanic vents below Crater Lake's surface, including Wizard Island. A survey of Crater Lake National Park with airborne LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) resulted in a digital elevation map of the ground surface beneath the forest canopy. The average resolution is 1.6 laser returns per square meter yielding vertical and horizontal accuracies of &plusmn;5 cm. The map of the floor beneath the surface of the 1,947-ft-deep (593-m-deep) Crater Lake was developed from a multibeam sonar bathymetric survey and was added to the map to provide a continuous view of the landscape from the highest peak on Mount Scott to the deepest part of Crater Lake. Four enlarged shaded-relief views provide a sampling of features that illustrate the resolution of the LiDAR survey and illustrate its utility in revealing volcanic landforms and subtle features of the climactic eruption deposits. LiDAR's high precision and ability to \"see\" through the forest canopy reveal features that may not be easily recognized-even when walked over-because their full extent is hidden by vegetation, such as the 1-m-tall arcuate scarp near Castle Creek.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3223","usgsCitation":"Robinson, J., Bacon, C.R., and Wayne, C., 2012, Under trees and water at Crater Lake National Park, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3223, 1 Map sheet: 38.50 x 27.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3223.","productDescription":"1 Map sheet: 38.50 x 27.00 inches","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":619,"text":"Volcano Science Center-Menlo Park","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263475,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3223.gif"},{"id":263474,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-72/"},{"id":263471,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3223/"},{"id":263472,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3223/sim3223.pdf"},{"id":263473,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/716/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Crater Lake National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.3,42.77 ], [ -122.3,43.09 ], [ -121.97,43.09 ], [ -121.97,42.77 ], [ -122.3,42.77 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e55d18e4b0a4aa5bb03915","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Joel E. 0000-0002-5193-3666 jrobins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5193-3666","contributorId":2757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Joel E.","email":"jrobins@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wayne, Chris","contributorId":39266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wayne","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041128,"text":"ofr20121227 - 2012 - Hydrostratigraphic interpretation of test-hole and surface geophysical data, Elkhorn and Loup River Basins, Nebraska, 2008 to 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-29T14:36:20","indexId":"ofr20121227","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1227","title":"Hydrostratigraphic interpretation of test-hole and surface geophysical data, Elkhorn and Loup River Basins, Nebraska, 2008 to 2011","docAbstract":"The Elkhorn-Loup Model (ELM) was begun in 2006 to understand the effect of various groundwater-management scenarios on surface-water resources. During phase one of the ELM study, a lack of subsurface geological information was identified as a data gap. Test holes drilled to the base of the aquifer in the ELM study area are spaced as much as 25 miles apart, especially in areas of the western Sand Hills. Given the variable character of the hydrostratigraphic units that compose the High Plains aquifer system, substantial variation in aquifer thickness and characteristics can exist between test holes. To improve the hydrogeologic understanding of the ELM study area, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Nebraska Department of Natural Resources, multiple Natural Resources Districts participating in the ELM study, and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Conservation and Survey Division, described the subsurface lithology at six test holes drilled in 2010 and concurrently collected borehole geophysical data to identify the base of the High Plains aquifer system. A total of 124 time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM) soundings of resistivity were collected at and between selected test-hole locations during 2008-11 as a quick, non-invasive means of identifying the base of the High Plains aquifer system. Test-hole drilling and geophysical logging indicated the base-of-aquifer elevation was less variable in the central ELM area than in previously reported results from the western part of the ELM study area, where deeper paleochannels were eroded into the Brule Formation. In total, more than 435 test holes were examined and compared with the modeled-TDEM soundings. Even where present, individual stratigraphic units could not always be identified in modeled-TDEM sounding results if sufficient resistivity contrast was not evident; however, in general, the base of aquifer [top of the aquifer confining unit (ACU)] is one of the best-resolved results from the TDEM-based models, and estimates of the base-of-aquifer elevation are in good accordance with those from existing test-hole data. Differences between ACU elevations based on modeled-TDEM and test-hole data ranged from 2 to 113 feet (0.6 to 34 meters). The modeled resistivity results reflect the eastward thinning of Miocene-age and older stratigraphic units, and generally allowed confident identification of the accompanying change in the stratigraphic unit forming the ACU. The differences in elevation of the top of the Ogallala, estimated on the basis of the modeled-TDEM resistivity, and the test-hole data ranged from 11 to 251 feet (3.4 to 77 meters), with two-thirds of model results being within 60 feet of the test-hole contact elevation. The modeled-TDEM soundings also provided information regarding the distribution of Plio-Pleistocene gravel deposits, which had an average thickness of 100 feet (30 meters) in the study area; however, in many cases the contact between the Plio-Pleistocene deposits and the overlying Quaternary deposits cannot be reliably distinguished using TDEM soundings alone because of insufficient thickness or resistivity contrast.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121227","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nebraska Department of Natural Resources; and the Upper Elkhorn, Lower Elkhorn, Upper Loup, Lower Loup, Middle Niobrara, Lower Niobrara, Lewis and Clark, and Lower Platte North Natural Resources Districts; and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Conservation and Survey Division","usgsCitation":"Hobza, C.M., Bedrosian, P.A., and Bloss, B., 2012, Hydrostratigraphic interpretation of test-hole and surface geophysical data, Elkhorn and Loup River Basins, Nebraska, 2008 to 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1227, Report: x, 95 p.; Supplemental Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121227.","productDescription":"Report: x, 95 p.; Supplemental Data","numberOfPages":"110","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-037355","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263482,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1227.gif"},{"id":263481,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1227/downloads/Supplemental_Data.xlsx"},{"id":263478,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1227/"},{"id":263479,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1227/of2012-1227.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Elkhorn And Loup River Basins","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.5,40.0 ], [ -102.5,43.0 ], [ -97.0,43.0 ], [ -97.0,40.0 ], [ -102.5,40.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50df06b5e4b0dfbe79e687ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hobza, Christopher M. 0000-0002-6239-934X cmhobza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6239-934X","contributorId":2393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobza","given":"Christopher","email":"cmhobza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bloss, Benjamin R.","contributorId":19446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bloss","given":"Benjamin R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041141,"text":"ofr20121245 - 2012 - Linking physical monitoring to coho and Chinook salmon populations in the Redwood Creek Watershed, California—Summary of May 3–4, 2012 Workshop","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T14:40:08","indexId":"ofr20121245","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1245","title":"Linking physical monitoring to coho and Chinook salmon populations in the Redwood Creek Watershed, California—Summary of May 3–4, 2012 Workshop","docAbstract":"On Thursday, May 3, 2012, a science workshop was held at the Redwood National and State Parks (RNSP) office in Arcata, California, with researchers and resource managers working in RNSP to share data and expert opinions concerning salmon populations and habitat in the Redwood Creek watershed. The focus of the workshop was to discuss how best to synthesize physical and biological data related to the freshwater and estuarine phases of salmon life cycles in order to increase the understanding of constraints on salmon populations. The workshop was hosted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Status and Trends (S&T) Program National Park Monitoring Project (<a href=\"http://www.fort.usgs.gov/brdscience/ParkMonitoring.htm\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.fort.usgs.gov/brdscience/ParkMonitoring.htm</a>), which supports USGS research on priority topics (themes) identified by the National Park Service (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring Program (I&M) and S&T. The NPS has organized more than 270 parks with significant natural resources into 32 Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) Networks (<a href=\"http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/networks.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/networks.cfm</a>) that share funding and core professional staff to monitor the status and long-term trends of selected natural resources (<a href=\"http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/monitor\" target=\"_blank\">http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/monitor</a>). All 32 networks have completed vital signs monitoring plans (available at <a href=\"http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/monitor/MonitoringPlans.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/monitor/MonitoringPlans.cfm</a>), containing background information on the important resources of each park, conceptual models behind the selection of vital signs for monitoring the condition of natural resources, and the selection of high priority vital signs for monitoring. Vital signs are particular physical, chemical, and biological elements and processes of park ecosystems that represent the overall health or condition of the park, known or hypothesized effects of stressors, or elements that have important human values (Fancy and others, 2009). Beginning in 2009, the I&M program funded projects to analyze and synthesize the biotic and abiotic data generated by vital signs monitoring and previous in-park natural resource monitoring and inventories to provide useful information, models, and tools to park managers for addressing resource management issues. The workshop described in this report is an element of the project funded by USGS NPS-I&M program to conduct a synthesis of salmon-related datasets in the Klamath (KLMN) and San Francisco Bay Area (SFAN) networks of national parks. The synthesis focused on four park units: Redwood National Park (KLMN), Point Reyes National Seashore, Muir Woods National Monument, and Golden Gate National Recreation Area (SFAN).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121245","usgsCitation":"Madej, M.A., Torregrosa, A.A., and Woodward, A., 2012, Linking physical monitoring to coho and Chinook salmon populations in the Redwood Creek Watershed, California—Summary of May 3–4, 2012 Workshop: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1245, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121245.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"32","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263490,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1245.jpg"},{"id":263488,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1245/"},{"id":263489,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1245/pdf/ofr20121245.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Arcata;Orick","otherGeospatial":"Olema Creek;Redwood National And State Parks","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.16,41.0 ], [ -124.16,41.84 ], [ -123.85,41.84 ], [ -123.85,41.0 ], [ -124.16,41.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50df8f40e4b0dfbe79e6d863","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madej, Mary Ann 0000-0003-2831-3773 mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-3773","contributorId":40304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madej","given":"Mary","email":"mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torregrosa, Alicia A. 0000-0001-7361-2241 atorregrosa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-2241","contributorId":3471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torregrosa","given":"Alicia","email":"atorregrosa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041100,"text":"ofr20121230 - 2012 - Soil data for a collapse-scar bog chronosequence in Koyukuk Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-29T10:08:25","indexId":"ofr20121230","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1230","title":"Soil data for a collapse-scar bog chronosequence in Koyukuk Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 2008","docAbstract":"Peatlands in the northern permafrost region store large amounts of organic carbon, most of which is currently stored in frozen peat deposits. Recent warming at high-latitudes has accelerated permafrost thaw in peatlands, which will likely result in the loss of soil organic carbon from previously frozen peat deposits to the atmosphere. Here, we report soil organic carbon inventories, soil physical data, and field descriptions from a collapse-scar bog chronosequence located in a peatland ecosystem at Koyukuk Flats National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121230","usgsCitation":"O’Donnell, J., Harden, J.W., Manies, K.L., and Jorgenson, M., 2012, Soil data for a collapse-scar bog chronosequence in Koyukuk Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1230, iii, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121230.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":434,"text":"National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263470,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1230.gif"},{"id":263468,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1230/"},{"id":263469,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1230/OF12-1230.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Koyukuk Flats National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156.997477,64.715896 ], [ -156.997477,64.769533 ], [ -156.724214,64.769533 ], [ -156.724214,64.715896 ], [ -156.997477,64.715896 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4ca0ee4b0e8fec6ce1893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A.","contributorId":6347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manies, Kristen L. 0000-0003-4941-9657 kmanies@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-9657","contributorId":2136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"Kristen","email":"kmanies@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":40486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. Torre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041041,"text":"70041041 - 2012 - Peat accumulation in drained thermokarst lake basins in continuous, ice-rich permafrost, northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T22:15:04","indexId":"70041041","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peat accumulation in drained thermokarst lake basins in continuous, ice-rich permafrost, northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","docAbstract":"Thermokarst lakes and peat-accumulating drained lake basins cover a substantial portion of Arctic lowland landscapes, yet the role of thermokarst lake drainage and ensuing peat formation in landscape-scale carbon (C) budgets remains understudied. Here we use measurements of terrestrial peat thickness, bulk density, organic matter content, and basal radiocarbon age from permafrost cores, soil pits, and exposures in vegetated, drained lake basins to characterize regional lake drainage chronology, C accumulation rates, and the role of thermokarst-lake cycling in carbon dynamics throughout the Holocene on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Most detectable lake drainage events occurred within the last 4,000 years with the highest drainage frequency during the medieval climate anomaly. Peat accumulation rates were highest in young (50–500 years) drained lake basins (35.2 g C m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>) and decreased exponentially with time since drainage to 9 g C m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup> in the oldest basins. Spatial analyses of terrestrial peat depth, basal peat radiocarbon ages, basin geomorphology, and satellite-derived land surface properties (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI); Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF)) from Landsat satellite data revealed significant relationships between peat thickness and mean basin NDVI or MNF. By upscaling observed relationships, we infer that drained thermokarst lake basins, covering 391 km<sup>2</sup> (76%) of the 515 km<sup>2</sup> study region, store 6.4–6.6 Tg organic C in drained lake basin terrestrial peat. Peat accumulation in drained lake basins likely serves to offset greenhouse gas release from thermokarst-impacted landscapes and should be incorporated in landscape-scale C budgets.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011JG001766","usgsCitation":"Jones, M.C., Grosse, G., Jones, B.M., and Anthony, K.W., 2012, Peat accumulation in drained thermokarst lake basins in continuous, ice-rich permafrost, northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 117, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001766.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"G00M07","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-035962","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263483,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263480,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001766"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,51.21 ], [ 172.45,71.39 ], [ -130.0,71.39 ], [ -130.0,51.21 ], [ 172.45,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"117","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e0f56ce4b0fec3206f1c76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Miriam C. 0000-0002-6650-7619 miriamjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6650-7619","contributorId":4056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Miriam","email":"miriamjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":101475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","affiliations":[{"id":34291,"text":"University of Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anthony, Katey Walter","contributorId":77441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Katey","email":"","middleInitial":"Walter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70040996,"text":"fs20123112 - 2012 - Slope-Area Computation Program Graphical User Interface 1.0—A Preprocessing and Postprocessing Tool for Estimating Peak Flood Discharge Using the Slope-Area Method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-28T10:18:37","indexId":"fs20123112","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3112","title":"Slope-Area Computation Program Graphical User Interface 1.0—A Preprocessing and Postprocessing Tool for Estimating Peak Flood Discharge Using the Slope-Area Method","docAbstract":"The slope-area method is a technique for estimating the peak discharge of a flood after the water has receded (Dalrymple and Benson, 1967). This type of discharge estimate is called an “indirect measurement” because it relies on evidence left behind by the flood, such as high-water marks (HWMs) on trees or buildings. These indicators of flood stage are combined with measurements of the cross-sectional geometry of the stream, estimates of channel roughness, and a mathematical model that balances the total energy of the flow between cross sections. This is in contrast to a “direct” measurement of discharge during the flood where cross-sectional area is measured and a current meter or acoustic equipment is used to measure the water velocity. When a direct discharge measurement cannot be made at a gage during high flows because of logistics or safety reasons, an indirect measurement of a peak discharge is useful for defining the high-flow section of the stage-discharge relation (rating curve) at the stream gage, resulting in more accurate computation of high flows. The Slope-Area Computation program (SAC; Fulford, 1994) is an implementation of the slope-area method that computes a peak-discharge estimate from inputs of water-surface slope (from surveyed HWMs), channel geometry, and estimated channel roughness. SAC is a command line program written in Fortran that reads input data from a formatted text file and prints results to another formatted text file. Preparing the input file can be time-consuming and prone to errors. This document describes the SAC graphical user interface (GUI), a crossplatform “wrapper” application that prepares the SAC input file, executes the program, and helps the user interpret the output. The SAC GUI is an update and enhancement of the slope-area method (SAM; Hortness, 2004; Berenbrock, 1996), an earlier spreadsheet tool used to aid field personnel in the completion of a slope-area measurement. The SAC GUI reads survey data, develops a plan-view plot, water-surface profile, cross-section plots, and develops the SAC input file. The SAC GUI also develops HEC-2 files that can be imported into HEC–RAS.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123112","usgsCitation":"Bradley, D.N., 2012, Slope-Area Computation Program Graphical User Interface 1.0—A Preprocessing and Postprocessing Tool for Estimating Peak Flood Discharge Using the Slope-Area Method: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3112, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123112.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":306,"text":"Geology Research and Information","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3112.gif"},{"id":263442,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3112/fs2012-3112.pdf"},{"id":263441,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3112/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4c921e4b0e8fec6ce1663","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, D. Nathan","contributorId":79776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Nathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70041019,"text":"ofr20121111 - 2012 - Preliminary catalog of the sedimentary basins of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-28T12:07:05","indexId":"ofr20121111","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1111","title":"Preliminary catalog of the sedimentary basins of the United States","docAbstract":"One hundred forty-four sedimentary basins (or groups of basins) in the United States (both onshore and offshore) are identified, located, and briefly described as part of a Geographic Information System (GIS) data base in support of the Geologic Carbon Dioxide Sequestration National Assessment Project (Brennan and others, 2010). This catalog of basins is designed to provide a check list and basic geologic framework for compiling more detailed geologic and reservoir engineering data for this project and other future investigations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121111","usgsCitation":"Coleman, J.L., and Cahan, S.M., 2012, Preliminary catalog of the sedimentary basins of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1111, Report: iv, 27 p.; 4 Figures: 17 x 11 inches; 1 Table; Sedimentary Basins Database; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121111.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 27 p.; 4 Figures: 17 x 11 inches; 1 Table; Sedimentary Basins Database; Metadata","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263451,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1111/pdf/Figure_2_MESOZOIC.pdf"},{"id":263452,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1111/pdf/Figure_3_PALEOZOIC.pdf"},{"id":263448,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1111/"},{"id":263449,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1111/pdf/ofr2012-1111.pdf"},{"id":263450,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1111/pdf/Figure_1_CENOZOIC.pdf"},{"id":263453,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1111/pdf/Figure_4_NEOPROTEROZOIC.pdf"},{"id":263454,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1111/pdf/table1.pdf"},{"id":263455,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1111/data/Sedimentary_Basins.zip"},{"id":263456,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1111/Sedimentary_Basins_of_the_United_States.html"},{"id":263457,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1111.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e189d0e4b0ff1e7c578d19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coleman, James L. Jr. 0000-0002-5232-5849 jlcoleman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5232-5849","contributorId":549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jlcoleman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cahan, Steven M. 0000-0002-4776-3668 scahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-3668","contributorId":4529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahan","given":"Steven","email":"scahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041020,"text":"gip139 - 2012 - The Fort Collins Science Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-26T12:48:38","indexId":"gip139","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"139","title":"The Fort Collins Science Center","docAbstract":"With a focus on biological research, the U.S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Science Center (FORT) develops and disseminates science-based information and tools to support natural resource decision-making. This brochure succinctly describes the integrated science capabilities, products, and services that the FORT science community offers across the disciplines of aquatic systems, ecosystem dynamics, information science, invasive species science, policy analysis and social science assistance, and trust species and habitats.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip139","issn":"978-1-4113-3365-9","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.T., and Banowetz, M.M., 2012, The Fort Collins Science Center: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 139, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/gip139.","productDescription":"12 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263462,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip_139.jpg"},{"id":263460,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/139/"},{"id":263461,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/139/GIP139.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Fort Collins","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.21,40.41 ], [ -105.21,40.7 ], [ -104.86,40.7 ], [ -104.86,40.41 ], [ -105.21,40.41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4fa07e4b0e8fec6ce8248","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Juliette T.","contributorId":86439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Juliette","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banowetz, Michele M. banowetzm@usgs.gov","contributorId":2201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banowetz","given":"Michele","email":"banowetzm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":469215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70040738,"text":"70040738 - 2012 - Expanded stream gauging includes groundwater data and trends","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-18T14:46:11","indexId":"70040738","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expanded stream gauging includes groundwater data and trends","docAbstract":"Population growth has increased water scarcity to the point that documenting current amounts of worldwide water resources is now as critical as any data collection in the Earth sciences. As a key element of this data collection, stream gauges yield continuous hydrologic information and document long-term trends, recording high-frequency hydrologic information over decadal to centennial time frames.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2012EO480002","usgsCitation":"Constantz, J., Barlow, J.R., Eddy-Miller, C., Caldwell, R.R., and Wheeler, J.D., 2012, Expanded stream gauging includes groundwater data and trends: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 93, no. 48, p. 497-497, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012EO480002.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"497","endPage":"497","ipdsId":"IP-038889","costCenters":[{"id":441,"text":"National Research Program Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263445,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263444,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012EO480002"}],"volume":"93","issue":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50dcb6cbe4b0d55926e3f32b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Constantz, James E. 0000-0002-4062-2096 jconstan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4062-2096","contributorId":1962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"James E.","email":"jconstan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, Jeannie R. B. 0000-0002-0799-4656 jbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-4656","contributorId":3701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Jeannie","email":"jbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eddy-Miller, Cheryl","contributorId":55305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eddy-Miller","given":"Cheryl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caldwell, Rodney R. 0000-0002-2588-715X caldwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-715X","contributorId":2577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Rodney","email":"caldwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wheeler, Jerrod D. 0000-0002-0533-8700 jwheele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0533-8700","contributorId":1893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Jerrod","email":"jwheele@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70040995,"text":"ofr20121236 - 2012 - Temporal and spatial trends of chloride and sodium in groundwater in New Hampshire, 1960–2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T15:54:18","indexId":"ofr20121236","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1236","title":"Temporal and spatial trends of chloride and sodium in groundwater in New Hampshire, 1960–2011","docAbstract":"<p>Data on concentrations of chloride and sodium in groundwater in New Hampshire were assembled from various State and Federal agencies and organized into a database. This report provides documentation of many assumptions and limitations of disparate data that were collected to meet wide-ranging objectives and investigates temporal and spatial trends of the data. Data summaries presented in this report and analyses performed for this study needed to take into account the 27 percent of chloride and 5 percent of sodium data that were censored (less than a reporting limit) at multiple reporting limits that systematically decreased over time. Throughout New Hampshire, median concentrations of chloride were significantly greater during 2000-2011 than in every decade since the 1970s, and median concentrations of sodium were significantly greater during 2000-2011 than during the 1990s. Results of summary statistics showed that the 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles of the median concentrations of chloride and sodium by source (well) from Rockingham and Strafford counties were the highest in the State; and the 75th and 90th percentiles from Carroll, Coos, and Grafton counties were the lowest. Large increases in median concentrations of chloride and sodium for individual wells after 1995 compared with concentrations for years before were found in parts of Belknap and Rockingham counties and in small clusters within Carroll, Hillsborough, and Merrimack counties.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121236","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services","usgsCitation":"Medalie, L., 2012, Temporal and spatial trends of chloride and sodium in groundwater in New Hampshire, 1960–2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1236, v, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121236.","productDescription":"v, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263435,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70040986,"text":"70040986 - 2012 - Susceptibility of Pacific herring to viral hemorrhagic septicemia is influenced by diet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-28T09:35:13","indexId":"70040986","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Susceptibility of Pacific herring to viral hemorrhagic septicemia is influenced by diet","docAbstract":"Groups of specific-pathogen-free Pacific herring <i>Clupea pallasii</i> were highly susceptible to infection by viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV); however, the level of mortality was influenced by diet during the 40–71 d before, during, and after the first exposure to the virus. Cumulative mortality was highest among the herring maintained on an experimental soy-based pellet, intermediate among those maintained on a commercially available fish-meal-based pellet, and lowest among those maintained on a second commercially available fish-meal-based pellet containing ß-glucans. Additionally, the herring maintained on the experimental soy-based feed demonstrated less growth than those on the commercially available feeds. The results indicate the importance of standardizing diet during empirical determinations of disease susceptibility and provide insights into the risk factors affecting VHS susceptibility in wild populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1080/08997659.2012.668511","usgsCitation":"Beaulaurier, J., Bickford, N., Gregg, J., Grady, C., Gannam, A., Winton, J., and Hershberger, P., 2012, Susceptibility of Pacific herring to viral hemorrhagic septicemia is influenced by diet: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 24, no. 1, p. 43-48, https://doi.org/10.1080/08997659.2012.668511.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-033580","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263434,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263433,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08997659.2012.668511"}],"volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4ef20e4b0e8fec6ce6b17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beaulaurier, Joshua","contributorId":87431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaulaurier","given":"Joshua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bickford, N.","contributorId":100265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bickford","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gregg, J.L.","contributorId":78521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grady, C.A.","contributorId":7929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grady","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gannam, A.L.","contributorId":81651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannam","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hershberger, P.K. 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":58818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"P.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70048348,"text":"70048348 - 2012 - Application of empirical predictive modeling using conventional and alternative fecal indicator bacteria in eastern North Carolina waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T13:30:53","indexId":"70048348","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-27T11:41:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of empirical predictive modeling using conventional and alternative fecal indicator bacteria in eastern North Carolina waters","docAbstract":"Coastal and estuarine waters are the site of intense anthropogenic influence with concomitant use for recreation and seafood harvesting. Therefore, coastal and estuarine water quality has a direct impact on human health. In eastern North Carolina (NC) there are over 240 recreational and 1025 shellfish harvesting water quality monitoring sites that are regularly assessed. Because of the large number of sites, sampling frequency is often only on a weekly basis. This frequency, along with an 18–24 h incubation time for fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) enumeration via culture-based methods, reduces the efficiency of the public notification process. In states like NC where beach monitoring resources are limited but historical data are plentiful, predictive models may offer an improvement for monitoring and notification by providing real-time FIB estimates. In this study, water samples were collected during 12 dry (n = 88) and 13 wet (n = 66) weather events at up to 10 sites. Statistical predictive models for Escherichiacoli (EC), enterococci (ENT), and members of the Bacteroidales group were created and subsequently validated. Our results showed that models for EC and ENT (adjusted R2 were 0.61 and 0.64, respectively) incorporated a range of antecedent rainfall, climate, and environmental variables. The most important variables for EC and ENT models were 5-day antecedent rainfall, dissolved oxygen, and salinity. These models successfully predicted FIB levels over a wide range of conditions with a 3% (EC model) and 9% (ENT model) overall error rate for recreational threshold values and a 0% (EC model) overall error rate for shellfish threshold values. Though modeling of members of the Bacteroidales group had less predictive ability (adjusted R<sup>2</sup> were 0.56 and 0.53 for fecal Bacteroides spp. and human Bacteroides spp., respectively), the modeling approach and testing provided information on Bacteroidales ecology. This is the first example of a set of successful statistical predictive models appropriate for assessment of both recreational and shellfish harvesting water quality in estuarine waters.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2012.07.050","usgsCitation":"Gonzalez, R., Conn, K., Crosswell, J., and Noble, R., 2012, Application of empirical predictive modeling using conventional and alternative fecal indicator bacteria in eastern North Carolina waters: Water Research, v. 46, no. 18, p. 5871-5882, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.07.050.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"5871","endPage":"5882","ipdsId":"IP-036574","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278005,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278004,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.07.050"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.709756,34.769892 ], [ -76.709756,34.78618 ], [ -76.669006,34.78618 ], [ -76.669006,34.769892 ], [ -76.709756,34.769892 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"46","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524162e2e4b0ec672f073ad1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gonzalez, Raul","contributorId":17131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Raul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conn, Kathleen E. 0000-0002-2334-6536 kconn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2334-6536","contributorId":3923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conn","given":"Kathleen E.","email":"kconn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crosswell, Joey","contributorId":75437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosswell","given":"Joey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noble, Rachel","contributorId":82212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Rachel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041062,"text":"70041062 - 2012 - Kinetics of viral load and erythrocytic inclusion body formation in pacific herring artificially infected with erythrocytic necrosis virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T09:16:15","indexId":"70041062","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kinetics of viral load and erythrocytic inclusion body formation in pacific herring artificially infected with erythrocytic necrosis virus","docAbstract":"<p>Viral erythrocytic necrosis (VEN) is a condition that affects marine and anadromous fish species, including herrings and salmonids, in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Infection is frequently associated with severe anemia and causes episodic mortality among wild and hatchery fish when accompanied by additional stressors; VEN can be presumptively diagnosed by (1) light microscopic identification of a single characteristic&mdash;a round, magenta-colored, 0.8-&mu;m-diameter inclusion body (IB) within the cytoplasm of erythrocytes and their precursors on Giemsa-stained blood films; or (2) observation (via transmission electron microscopy [TEM]) of the causative iridovirus, erythrocytic necrosis virus (ENV), within erythrocytes or their precursors. To better understand the kinetics of VEN, specific-pathogen-free Pacific herring <i>Clupea pallasii</i> were infected with ENV by intraperitoneal injection. At 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 d postexposure, samples of blood, spleen, and kidney were collected and assessed (1) via light microscopy for the number of intracytoplasmic IBs in blood smears and (2) via TEM for the number of virions within erythrocytes. The mean prevalence of intracytoplasmic IBs in the blood cells increased from 0% at 0&ndash;4 d postexposure to 94% at 28 d postexposure. Viral load within circulating red blood cells peaked at 7 d postexposure, fell slightly, and then reached a plateau. However, blood cells observed within the kidney and spleen tissues demonstrated high levels of ENV between 14 and 28 d postexposure. The results indicate that the viral load within erythrocytes does not correlate well with IB prevalence and that the virus can persist in infected fish for more than 28 d.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/08997659.2012.676592","usgsCitation":"Glenn, J.A., Emmenegger, E.J., Grady, C.A., Roon, S.R., Gregg, J., Conway, C.M., Winton, J.R., and Hershberger, P., 2012, Kinetics of viral load and erythrocytic inclusion body formation in pacific herring artificially infected with erythrocytic necrosis virus: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 24, no. 3, p. 195-200, https://doi.org/10.1080/08997659.2012.676592.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"200","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036800","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263509,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50df5290e4b0dfbe79e6b44e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glenn, Jolene A.","contributorId":86241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Jolene","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emmenegger, Eveline J. 0000-0001-5217-6030 eemmenegger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5217-6030","contributorId":2434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmenegger","given":"Eveline","email":"eemmenegger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grady, Courtney A.","contributorId":8352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grady","given":"Courtney","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roon, Sean R.","contributorId":57331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roon","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gregg, Jacob L.","contributorId":30883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"Jacob L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul K. phershberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul K.","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70041092,"text":"70041092 - 2012 - Elevated streamflows increase dam passage by juvenile coho salmon during winter: Implications of climate change in the Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-29T15:54:57","indexId":"70041092","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elevated streamflows increase dam passage by juvenile coho salmon during winter: Implications of climate change in the Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"A 4-year evaluation was conducted to determine the proportion of juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch passing Cowlitz Falls Dam, on the Cowlitz River, Washington, during winter. River and reservoir populations of coho salmon parr were monitored using radiotelemetry to determine if streamflow increases resulted in increased downstream movement and dam passage. This was of interest because fish that pass downstream of Cowlitz Falls Dam become landlocked in Riffe Lake and are lost to the anadromous population. Higher proportions of reservoir-released fish (0.391-0.480) passed Cowlitz Falls Dam than did river-released fish (0.037-0.119). Event-time analyses demonstrated that streamflow increases were important predictors of dam passage rates during the study. The estimated effect of increasing streamflows on the risk of dam passage varied annually and ranged from 9% to 75% for every 28.3 m<sup>3</sup>/s increase in streamflow. These results have current management implications because they demonstrate the significance of dam passage by juvenile coho salmon during winter months when juvenile fish collection facilities are typically not operating. The results also have future management implications because climate change predictions suggest that peak streamflow timing for many watersheds in the Pacific Northwest will shift from late spring and early summer to winter. Increased occurrence of intense winter flood events is also expected. Our results demonstrate that juvenile coho salmon respond readily to streamflow increases and initiate downstream movements during winter months, which could result in increased passage at dams during these periods if climate change predictions are realized in the coming decades.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2012.720645","usgsCitation":"Kock, T.J., Liedtke, T.L., Rondorf, D.W., Serl, J.D., Kohn, M., and Bumbaco, K., 2012, Elevated streamflows increase dam passage by juvenile coho salmon during winter: Implications of climate change in the Pacific Northwest: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 32, no. 6, p. 1070-1079, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2012.720645.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1070","endPage":"1079","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-037057","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2506920","text":"External Repository"},{"id":263497,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263496,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2012.720645"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cowlitz River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,46.0 ], [ -122.5,47.5 ], [ -121.5,47.5 ], [ -121.5,46.0 ], [ -122.5,46.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"32","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50db5c04e4b061270600aa3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kock, Tobias J. 0000-0001-8976-0230 tkock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-0230","contributorId":3038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"Tobias","email":"tkock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liedtke, Theresa L. 0000-0001-6063-9867 tliedtke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-9867","contributorId":2999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedtke","given":"Theresa","email":"tliedtke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rondorf, Dennis W. drondorf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"Dennis","email":"drondorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Serl, John D.","contributorId":15911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serl","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kohn, Mike","contributorId":50064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohn","given":"Mike","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bumbaco, Karin A.","contributorId":94187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bumbaco","given":"Karin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70041080,"text":"70041080 - 2012 - Inability to demonstrate fish-to-fish transmission of <i>Ichthyophonus</i> from laboratory infected Pacific herring <i>Clupea pallasii</i> to naïve conspecifics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T12:54:31","indexId":"70041080","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inability to demonstrate fish-to-fish transmission of <i>Ichthyophonus</i> from laboratory infected Pacific herring <i>Clupea pallasii</i> to naïve conspecifics","docAbstract":"<p><span>The parasite&nbsp;</span><i>Ichthyophonus</i><span>&nbsp;is enzootic in many marine fish populations of the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Forage fishes are a likely source of infection for higher trophic level predators; however, the processes that maintain&nbsp;</span><i>Ichthyophonus</i><span>&nbsp;in forage fish populations (primarily clupeids) are not well understood. Lack of an identified intermediate host has led to the convenient hypothesis that the parasite can be maintained within populations of schooling fishes by waterborne fish-to-fish transmission. To test this hypothesis we established&nbsp;</span><i>Ichthyophonus</i><span>&nbsp;infections in Age-1 and young-of-the-year (YOY) Pacific herring&nbsp;</span><i>Clupea pallasii</i><span>&nbsp;(Valenciennes) via intraperitoneal (IP) injection and cohabitated these donors with na&iuml;ve conspecifics (sentinels) in the laboratory. IP injections established infection in 75 to 84% of donor herring, and this exposure led to clinical disease and mortality in the YOY cohort. However, after cohabitation for 113 d no infections were detected in na&iuml;ve sentinels. These data do not preclude the possibility of fish-to-fish transmission, but they do suggest that other transmission processes are necessary to maintain&nbsp;</span><i>Ichthyophonus</i><span>&nbsp;in wild Pacific herring populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","doi":"10.3354/dao02458","usgsCitation":"Gregg, J., Grady, C., Friedman, C., and Hershberger, P., 2012, Inability to demonstrate fish-to-fish transmission of <i>Ichthyophonus</i> from laboratory infected Pacific herring <i>Clupea pallasii</i> to naïve conspecifics: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 99, no. 2, p. 139-144, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02458.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033745","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474256,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02458","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":263506,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50df1a7be4b0dfbe79e6936e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gregg, J.L.","contributorId":78521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grady, C.A.","contributorId":7929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grady","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friedman, C.S.","contributorId":27762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hershberger, P.K. 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":58818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"P.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041094,"text":"70041094 - 2012 - Viral tropism and pathology associated with viral hemorrhagic septicemia in larval and juvenile Pacific herring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-30T12:54:20","indexId":"70041094","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3685,"text":"Veterinary Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Viral tropism and pathology associated with viral hemorrhagic septicemia in larval and juvenile Pacific herring","docAbstract":"Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) genotype IVa causes mass mortality in wild Pacific herring, a species of economic value, in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Young of the year herring are particularly susceptible and can be carriers of the virus. To understand its pathogenesis, tissue and cellular tropisms of VHSV in larval and juvenile Pacific herring were investigated with immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, and viral tissue titer. In larval herring, early viral tropism for epithelial tissues (6d post-exposure) was indicated by foci of epidermal thickening that contained heavy concentrations of virus. This was followed by a cellular tropism for fibroblasts within the fin bases and the dermis, but expanded to cells of the kidney, liver, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract and meninges in the brain. Among wild juvenile herring that underwent a VHS epizootic in the laboratory, the disease was characterized by acute and chronic phases of death. Fish that died during the acute phase had systemic infections in tissues including the submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, spleen, kidney, liver, and meninges. The disease then transitioned into a chronic phase that was characterized by the appearance of neurological signs including erratic and corkscrew swimming and darkening of the dorsal skin. During the chronic phase viral persistence occurred in nervous tissues including meninges and brain parenchymal cells and in one case in peripheral nerves, while virus was mostly cleared from the other tissues. The results demonstrate the varying VHSV tropisms dependent on the timing of infection and the importance of neural tissues for the persistence and perpetuation of chronic infections in Pacific herring.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Veterinary Microbiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.020","usgsCitation":"Lovy, J., Lewis, N., Hershberger, P., Bennett, W., Meyers, T., and Garver, K., 2012, Viral tropism and pathology associated with viral hemorrhagic septicemia in larval and juvenile Pacific herring: Veterinary Microbiology, v. 161, no. 1-2, p. 66-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.020.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"66","endPage":"76","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-037049","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263514,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263513,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.020"}],"country":"United States","volume":"161","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5683ee4b0a4aa5bb0535b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovy, Jan","contributorId":14708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovy","given":"Jan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, N.L.","contributorId":69436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hershberger, P.K. 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":58818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"P.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, W.","contributorId":25055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meyers, T.R.","contributorId":108283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyers","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garver, K.A.","contributorId":42766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garver","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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