Surveys for the endangered Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) were done at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton (MCBCP or “Base”), California, between May 4 and July 31, 2020. All of MCBCP’s historically occupied riparian habitat (core survey area) was surveyed for flycatchers in 2020. Additionally, one-fifth of the unoccupied riparian habitat (non-core survey area) was surveyed for flycatchers. Thirteen transient Willow Flycatchers of unknown subspecies were observed on four of the seven drainages surveyed in 2020. No Willow Flycatchers were detected at Fallbrook Creek, Pilgrim Creek, or San Mateo Creek. Transients occurred in a range of habitat types, including mixed willow (Salix spp.) riparian, riparian scrub, willow-sycamore (Platanus racemosa) or willow-cottonwood (Populus fremontii) dominated riparian vegetation, and upland scrub. Exotic vegetation, primarily poison hemlock (Conium maculatum), was present in most flycatcher locations.
The resident population of Southwestern Willow Flycatchers on MCBCP declined 33 percent from three individuals in 2019 to two individuals in 2020. In 2020, the resident Southwestern Willow Flycatcher population on Base consisted of one male and one female. No single males or non-territorial floaters were observed in 2020. Overall, one territory was established consisting of one monogamous pair. Resident flycatchers were restricted to the Santa Margarita River, and distribution was limited to the Pueblitos breeding area. All resident flycatchers were located in mixed willow riparian habitat.
Nesting was initiated in late May and continued into early August. Three nesting attempts were documented, of which 33 percent (1/3) were successful. Predation and substrate failure accounted for the two nest failures. Two fledglings were produced, yielding a seasonal productivity of two young/pair. No instances of Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) parasitism were observed. Flycatchers placed nests in two plant species: native sandbar willow (Salix exigua) and exotic poison hemlock.
One hundred percent of resident birds that were present at MCBCP in 2020 were banded in previous years; no unbanded birds were detected. Of the three uniquely banded adult flycatchers present during the 2019 breeding season, 100 percent (1/1) of males and 50 percent (1/2) of females returned to MCBCP in 2020, and both banded flycatchers returned to the same breeding area they occupied in 2019. None of the seven nestlings banded in 2019 returned to MCBCP in 2020, and none were detected off Base. Six nestlings from two nests were banded in 2020; only two survived to fledging.
From 2000 to 2020, overall adult survival of Southwestern Willow Flycatchers on MCBCP was 60 percent, while first-year survival was 20 percent.
A conspecific attraction study initiated on Base in 2018 and repeated annually through 2020 found that 100 percent of breeding flycatchers detected in 2020 settled close to automated playback units.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20241005","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Assistant Chief of Staff, Environmental Security, U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Species Management Research","usgsCitation":"Howell, S.L., and Kus, B.E., 2024, Distribution, abundance, and breeding activities of the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California—2020 annual report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2024–1005, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20241005.","productDescription":"viii, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-125132","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":429419,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20241005/full"},{"id":429418,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1005/images"},{"id":429417,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1005/ofr20241005.xml"},{"id":429416,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1005/ofr20241005.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12 Mb","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":429415,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1005/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.75538962036684,\n 33.058231363884246\n ],\n [\n -117.02638396742665,\n 33.058231363884246\n ],\n [\n -117.02638396742665,\n 33.773009424685426\n ],\n [\n -117.75538962036684,\n 33.773009424685426\n ],\n [\n -117.75538962036684,\n 33.058231363884246\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Ocean acidification can affect the immune responses of fish, but effects on pathogen susceptibility remain uncertain. Pacific herring Clupea pallasii were reared from hatch under 3 CO2 partial pressure ( pCO2) treatments (ambient, ∼650 µatm; intermediate, ∼1500 µatm; high, ∼3000 µatm) through metamorphosis (98 d) to evaluate the effects of ocean acidification on bioenergetics and susceptibility to an endemic viral disease. Mortality from viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) was comparable between herring reared under ambient and intermediate pCO2 (all vulnerability testing at ambient pCO2). By contrast, fish reared under high pCO2 experienced significantly higher rates of VHS mortality, and the condition factor of survivors was significantly lower than in the other pCO2 treatments. However, the prevalence of infection among survivors was not influenced by pCO2 treatment. Pre-flexion larval development was not affected by elevated pCO2, as growth rate, energy use, and feeding activity were comparable across treatments. Similarly, long-term growth (14 wk) was not affected by chronic exposure to elevated pCO2. Herring reared under both elevated pCO2 treatments showed an average reduction in swimming speed; however, wide intra-treatment variability rendered the effect nonsignificant. This study demonstrates that the VHS susceptibility and bioenergetics of larval and post-metamorphic Pacific herring are not affected by near-future ocean acidification predicted for coastal systems of the North Pacific. However, increased susceptibility to VHS in fish reared under 3000 µatm pCO2 indicates potential health and fitness consequences from extreme acidification.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.3354/meps14607","usgsCitation":"Murray, C., Gregg, J.L., MacKenzie, A., Jayasekara, H., Hall, S., Klinger, T., and Hershberger, P., 2024, Effects of elevated pCO2 on bioenergetics and disease susceptibility in Pacific herring Clupea pallasii: Marine Ecology Progress Series., v. 738, p. 225-242, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14607.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"242","ipdsId":"IP-159691","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14607","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430967,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"738","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murray, Christopher","contributorId":340084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":81451,"text":"School of Marine and Environmental Affairs and Washington Ocean Acidification Center, 7 University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gregg, Jacob L. 0000-0001-5328-5482 jgregg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-5482","contributorId":203912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"Jacob","email":"jgregg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacKenzie, Ashley 0000-0002-7402-7877 amackenzie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7402-7877","contributorId":150817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"Ashley","email":"amackenzie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jayasekara, Hiruni","contributorId":340085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jayasekara","given":"Hiruni","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36672,"text":"Previously USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hall, Sophie 0000-0002-1907-0637","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-0637","contributorId":340086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Sophie","affiliations":[{"id":36672,"text":"Previously USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Klinger, Terrie","contributorId":340087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klinger","given":"Terrie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81454,"text":"School of Marine and Environmental Affairs and Washington Ocean Acidification Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":203322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70261622,"text":"70261622 - 2024 - Using an adaptive modeling framework to identify avian influenza spillover risk at the wild-domestic interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-17T15:16:51.839947","indexId":"70261622","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-20T09:10:16","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using an adaptive modeling framework to identify avian influenza spillover risk at the wild-domestic interface","docAbstract":"The wild to domestic bird interface is an important nexus for emergence and transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses. Although the recent incursion of HPAI H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b into North America calls for emergency response and planning given the unprecedented scale, readily available data-driven models are lacking. Here, we provide high resolution spatial and temporal transmission risk models for the contiguous United States. Considering virus host ecology, we included weekly species-level wild waterfowl (Anatidae) abundance and endemic low pathogenic avian influenza virus prevalence metrics in combination with number of poultry farms per commodity type and relative biosecurity risks at two spatial scales: 3 km and county-level. Spillover risk varied across the annual cycle of waterfowl migration and some locations exhibited persistent risk throughout the year given higher poultry production. Validation using wild bird introduction events identified by phylogenetic analysis from 2022 to 2023 HPAI poultry outbreaks indicate strong model performance. The modular nature of our approach lends itself to building upon updated datasets under evolving conditions, testing hypothetical scenarios, or customizing results with proprietary data. This research demonstrates an adaptive approach for developing models to inform preparedness and response as novel outbreaks occur, viruses evolve, and additional data become available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-64912-w","usgsCitation":"Prosser, D., Kent, C.M., Sullivan, J.D., Patyk, K.A., McCool, M., Torchetti, M.K., Lantz, K., and Mullinax, J.M., 2024, Using an adaptive modeling framework to identify avian influenza spillover risk at the wild-domestic interface: Scientific Reports, v. 14, 14199, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64912-w.","productDescription":"14199, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160406","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64912-w","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":465191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"contiguous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prosser, Diann 0000-0002-5251-1799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":217931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":921226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kent, Cody M.","contributorId":265823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kent","given":"Cody","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":921227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sullivan, Jeffery D. 0000-0002-9242-2432","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9242-2432","contributorId":265822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":921228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patyk, Kelly A.","contributorId":139696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patyk","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":921229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCool, Mary-Jane","contributorId":347273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCool","given":"Mary-Jane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36658,"text":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":921230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Torchetti, Mia K.","contributorId":252830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Torchetti","given":"Mia","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":50437,"text":"US Department of Agriculture – Veterinary Services, Ames, Iowa, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":921231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lantz, Kristina","contributorId":317920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lantz","given":"Kristina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":69192,"text":"National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":921232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mullinax, Jennifer M.","contributorId":221170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mullinax","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":921233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70257521,"text":"70257521 - 2024 - Predicting responses to climate change using a joint species, spatially dependent physiologically guided abundance model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-06T15:17:44.893598","indexId":"70257521","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-20T08:11:04","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting responses to climate change using a joint species, spatially dependent physiologically guided abundance model","docAbstract":"Predicting the effects of warming temperatures on the abundance and distribution of organisms under future climate scenarios often requires extrapolating species–environment correlations to climatic conditions not currently experienced by a species, which can result in unrealistic predictions. For poikilotherms, incorporating species' thermal physiology to inform extrapolations under novel thermal conditions can result in more realistic predictions. Furthermore, models that incorporate species and spatial dependencies may improve predictions by capturing correlations present in ecological data that are not accounted for by predictor variables. Here, we present a joint species, spatially dependent physiologically guided abundance (jsPGA) model for predicting multispecies responses to climate warming. The jsPGA model uses a basis function approach to capture both species and spatial dependencies. We apply the jsPGA model to predict the response of eight fish species to projected climate warming in thousands of lakes in Minnesota, USA. By the end of the century, the cold-adapted species was predicted to have high probabilities of extirpation across its current range—with 10% of lakes currently inhabited by this species having an extirpation probability >0.90. The remaining species had varying levels of predicted changes in abundance, reflecting differences in their thermal physiology. Though the model did not identify many strong species dependencies, the variation in estimated spatial dependence across species suggested that accounting for both dependencies was important for predicting the abundance of these fishes. The jsPGA model provides a new tool for predicting changes in the abundance, distribution, and extirpation probability of poikilotherms under novel thermal conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4362","usgsCitation":"Custer, C.A., North, J.S., Schliep, E., Verhoeven, M.R., Hansen, G.J., and Wagner, T., 2024, Predicting responses to climate change using a joint species, spatially dependent physiologically guided abundance model: Ecology, v. 105, no. 8, e4362, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4362.","productDescription":"e4362, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159528","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4362","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433556,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-92.204691,46.704041],[-92.205192,46.698341],[-92.183091,46.695241],[-92.176091,46.686341],[-92.204092,46.666941],[-92.201592,46.656641],[-92.207092,46.651941],[-92.242493,46.649241],[-92.256592,46.658741],[-92.270592,46.650741],[-92.274392,46.657441],[-92.286192,46.660342],[-92.287392,46.667342],[-92.291292,46.668142],[-92.292192,46.663308],[-92.294033,46.074377],[-92.332912,46.062697],[-92.35176,46.015685],[-92.372717,46.014198],[-92.410649,46.027259],[-92.428555,46.024241],[-92.442259,46.016177],[-92.453373,45.992913],[-92.464512,45.985038],[-92.461138,45.980216],[-92.469354,45.973811],[-92.527052,45.983245],[-92.548459,45.969056],[-92.551186,45.95224],[-92.60246,45.940815],[-92.614314,45.934529],[-92.638824,45.934166],[-92.638474,45.925971],[-92.659549,45.922937],[-92.676167,45.912072],[-92.675737,45.907478],[-92.707702,45.894901],[-92.734039,45.868108],[-92.739278,45.84758],[-92.765146,45.830183],[-92.757815,45.806574],[-92.776496,45.790014],[-92.784621,45.764196],[-92.809837,45.744172],[-92.869193,45.717568],[-92.870025,45.697272],[-92.875488,45.689014],[-92.887929,45.639006],[-92.882529,45.610216],[-92.886442,45.598679],[-92.883749,45.575483],[-92.871082,45.567581],[-92.823309,45.560934],[-92.770223,45.566939],[-92.726082,45.541112],[-92.726677,45.514462],[-92.702224,45.493046],[-92.680234,45.464344],[-92.653549,45.455346],[-92.646602,45.441635],[-92.650422,45.398507],[-92.664102,45.393309],[-92.676961,45.380137],[-92.678223,45.373604],[-92.70272,45.358472],[-92.698967,45.336374],[-92.709968,45.321302],[-92.737122,45.300459],[-92.761013,45.289028],[-92.760615,45.278827],[-92.751659,45.26591],[-92.760249,45.2496],[-92.751708,45.218666],[-92.763908,45.204866],[-92.767408,45.190166],[-92.764872,45.182812],[-92.752404,45.173916],[-92.757707,45.155466],[-92.739584,45.115598],[-92.744938,45.108309],[-92.791528,45.079647],[-92.803079,45.060978],[-92.793282,45.047178],[-92.770362,45.033803],[-92.76206,45.02432],[-92.771231,45.001378],[-92.769445,44.97215],[-92.754603,44.955767],[-92.750645,44.937299],[-92.758701,44.908979],[-92.774571,44.898084],[-92.773946,44.889997],[-92.764133,44.875905],[-92.769102,44.862167],[-92.765278,44.837186],[-92.78043,44.812589],[-92.785206,44.792303],[-92.805287,44.768361],[-92.807988,44.75147],[-92.787906,44.737432],[-92.737259,44.717155],[-92.700948,44.693751],[-92.660988,44.660884],[-92.632105,44.649027],[-92.619779,44.634195],[-92.621456,44.615017],[-92.601516,44.612052],[-92.586216,44.600088],[-92.569434,44.603539],[-92.549777,44.58113],[-92.549957,44.568988],[-92.540551,44.567258],[-92.518358,44.575183],[-92.493808,44.566063],[-92.481001,44.568276],[-92.455105,44.561886],[-92.433256,44.5655],[-92.399281,44.558292],[-92.361518,44.558935],[-92.336114,44.554004],[-92.314071,44.538014],[-92.302466,44.516487],[-92.302215,44.500298],[-92.291005,44.485464],[-92.232472,44.445434],[-92.195378,44.433792],[-92.124513,44.422115],[-92.111085,44.413948],[-92.078605,44.404869],[-92.056486,44.402729],[-92.038147,44.388731],[-91.970266,44.365842],[-91.941311,44.340978],[-91.92559,44.333548],[-91.918625,44.322671],[-91.913534,44.311392],[-91.924613,44.291815],[-91.896388,44.27469],[-91.896008,44.262871],[-91.88704,44.251772],[-91.892698,44.231105],[-91.877429,44.212921],[-91.872369,44.199167],[-91.829167,44.17835],[-91.808064,44.159262],[-91.751747,44.134786],[-91.721552,44.130342],[-91.710597,44.12048],[-91.708207,44.105186],[-91.69531,44.09857],[-91.68153,44.0974],[-91.667006,44.086964],[-91.647873,44.064109],[-91.638115,44.063285],[-91.610487,44.04931],[-91.59207,44.031372],[-91.507121,44.01898],[-91.48087,44.008145],[-91.463515,44.009041],[-91.432522,43.996827],[-91.407395,43.965148],[-91.385785,43.954239],[-91.366642,43.937463],[-91.357426,43.917231],[-91.347741,43.911964],[-91.338141,43.897664],[-91.320605,43.888491],[-91.310991,43.867381],[-91.284138,43.847065],[-91.262436,43.792166],[-91.244135,43.774667],[-91.255431,43.744876],[-91.255932,43.729849],[-91.268455,43.709824],[-91.273252,43.666623],[-91.271749,43.654929],[-91.262397,43.64176],[-91.268748,43.615348],[-91.232707,43.583533],[-91.232812,43.564842],[-91.243214,43.550722],[-91.243183,43.540309],[-91.232941,43.523967],[-91.218292,43.514434],[-91.217706,43.50055],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-96.453067,45.298115],[-96.489065,45.357071],[-96.521787,45.375645],[-96.562142,45.38609],[-96.617726,45.408092],[-96.680454,45.410499],[-96.692541,45.417338],[-96.731396,45.45702],[-96.76528,45.521414],[-96.857751,45.605962],[-96.844211,45.639583],[-96.835769,45.649648],[-96.760866,45.687518],[-96.745086,45.701576],[-96.662595,45.738682],[-96.641941,45.759871],[-96.627778,45.786239],[-96.583085,45.820024],[-96.574517,45.843098],[-96.561334,45.945655],[-96.57035,45.963595],[-96.57794,46.026874],[-96.559271,46.058272],[-96.554507,46.083978],[-96.557952,46.102442],[-96.56692,46.11475],[-96.563043,46.119512],[-96.571439,46.12572],[-96.56926,46.133686],[-96.579453,46.147601],[-96.577952,46.165843],[-96.587408,46.178164],[-96.584372,46.204155],[-96.59755,46.227733],[-96.598645,46.241626],[-96.590942,46.250183],[-96.59887,46.26069],[-96.595014,46.275135],[-96.60136,46.30413],[-96.599761,46.330386],[-96.619991,46.340135],[-96.618147,46.344295],[-96.629211,46.352654],[-96.644335,46.351908],[-96.646341,46.360982],[-96.655206,46.365964],[-96.658436,46.373391],[-96.666028,46.374566],[-96.669132,46.390037],[-96.680687,46.407383],[-96.688082,46.40788],[-96.701358,46.420584],[-96.703078,46.429467],[-96.718074,46.438255],[-96.715557,46.463232],[-96.73627,46.48138],[-96.737798,46.489785],[-96.733612,46.497224],[-96.737702,46.50077],[-96.738475,46.525793],[-96.744341,46.533006],[-96.743003,46.54294],[-96.74883,46.558127],[-96.744436,46.56596],[-96.746442,46.574078],[-96.772446,46.600129],[-96.774094,46.613288],[-96.78995,46.631531],[-96.790663,46.649112],[-96.798823,46.658071],[-96.792958,46.677427],[-96.784339,46.685054],[-96.790906,46.70297],[-96.779252,46.727429],[-96.784279,46.732993],[-96.781216,46.740944],[-96.787466,46.756753],[-96.784314,46.766973],[-96.796195,46.789881],[-96.795756,46.807795],[-96.801446,46.810401],[-96.80016,46.819664],[-96.787657,46.827817],[-96.789663,46.832306],[-96.779347,46.843672],[-96.781358,46.879363],[-96.768458,46.879563],[-96.767358,46.883663],[-96.773558,46.884763],[-96.776558,46.895663],[-96.759241,46.918223],[-96.761757,46.934663],[-96.78312,46.925482],[-96.79038,46.929398],[-96.791558,46.944464],[-96.797734,46.9464],[-96.798737,46.962399],[-96.821852,46.969372],[-96.82318,46.999965],[-96.834221,47.006671],[-96.829499,47.021537],[-96.818557,47.02778],[-96.821422,47.032842],[-96.819321,47.0529],[-96.824479,47.059682],[-96.818175,47.104193],[-96.827344,47.120144],[-96.824807,47.124968],[-96.831547,47.142017],[-96.822377,47.162744],[-96.829637,47.17497],[-96.826962,47.182802],[-96.838806,47.197894],[-96.832789,47.203911],[-96.838806,47.22502],[-96.832946,47.237588],[-96.83766,47.240876],[-96.835368,47.250428],[-96.841672,47.258164],[-96.838997,47.267716],[-96.842531,47.269531],[-96.844088,47.289981],[-96.832884,47.30449],[-96.841958,47.316907],[-96.835845,47.321014],[-96.835845,47.335914],[-96.852417,47.366241],[-96.848907,47.370565],[-96.852676,47.374973],[-96.846925,47.376891],[-96.840621,47.389881],[-96.845492,47.394179],[-96.844919,47.399815],[-96.863593,47.418775],[-96.85748,47.440457],[-96.859868,47.470926],[-96.85471,47.478281],[-96.85853,47.489934],[-96.851653,47.497098],[-96.851367,47.509037],[-96.866363,47.524893],[-96.85471,47.535973],[-96.859153,47.566355],[-96.853689,47.570381],[-96.856373,47.575749],[-96.851293,47.589264],[-96.856903,47.602329],[-96.855421,47.60875],[-96.873671,47.613654],[-96.871005,47.616832],[-96.879496,47.620576],[-96.882393,47.633489],[-96.888573,47.63845],[-96.882376,47.649025],[-96.88697,47.653049],[-96.887126,47.666369],[-96.895271,47.67357],[-96.899352,47.689473],[-96.908928,47.688722],[-96.907266,47.693976],[-96.920119,47.710383],[-96.923544,47.718201],[-96.919471,47.722515],[-96.932809,47.737139],[-96.928505,47.748037],[-96.934173,47.752412],[-96.939179,47.768397],[-96.9644,47.782995],[-96.957283,47.790147],[-96.966068,47.797297],[-96.975131,47.798326],[-96.980579,47.805614],[-96.979327,47.824533],[-96.986685,47.837639],[-96.998295,47.841724],[-96.998144,47.858882],[-97.005557,47.863977],[-97.002456,47.868677],[-97.023156,47.874978],[-97.019355,47.880278],[-97.024955,47.886878],[-97.019155,47.889778],[-97.024955,47.894978],[-97.020155,47.900478],[-97.024955,47.908178],[-97.017254,47.905678],[-97.015354,47.910278],[-97.023754,47.915878],[-97.018054,47.918078],[-97.035754,47.930179],[-97.036054,47.939379],[-97.054554,47.946279],[-97.052454,47.957179],[-97.061454,47.96358],[-97.053553,47.991612],[-97.064289,47.998508],[-97.066762,48.009558],[-97.063012,48.013179],[-97.072239,48.019107],[-97.068987,48.026267],[-97.072257,48.048068],[-97.097772,48.07108],[-97.103052,48.071669],[-97.099431,48.082106],[-97.105226,48.09044],[-97.104872,48.097851],[-97.109535,48.104723],[-97.123205,48.106648],[-97.120702,48.114987],[-97.131956,48.139563],[-97.141401,48.14359],[-97.138911,48.157793],[-97.146745,48.168556],[-97.141474,48.179099],[-97.146233,48.186054],[-97.134372,48.210434],[-97.136304,48.228984],[-97.141254,48.234668],[-97.135763,48.237596],[-97.138765,48.244991],[-97.127276,48.253323],[-97.131846,48.267589],[-97.11657,48.279661],[-97.12216,48.290056],[-97.128862,48.292882],[-97.122072,48.300865],[-97.132443,48.315489],[-97.127601,48.323319],[-97.134854,48.331314],[-97.131145,48.339722],[-97.147748,48.359905],[-97.140106,48.380479],[-97.145592,48.394195],[-97.135012,48.406735],[-97.142849,48.419471],[-97.1356,48.424369],[-97.139173,48.430528],[-97.134229,48.439797],[-97.137689,48.447583],[-97.132746,48.459942],[-97.144116,48.469212],[-97.141397,48.476256],[-97.144981,48.481571],[-97.140291,48.484722],[-97.138864,48.494362],[-97.148133,48.503384],[-97.153076,48.524148],[-97.150481,48.536877],[-97.163105,48.543855],[-97.160863,48.549236],[-97.152459,48.552326],[-97.158638,48.564067],[-97.149616,48.569876],[-97.14974,48.579516],[-97.142915,48.583733],[-97.143684,48.597066],[-97.137504,48.612268],[-97.132931,48.61338],[-97.130089,48.621166],[-97.125639,48.620919],[-97.125269,48.629694],[-97.108466,48.632658],[-97.111921,48.642918],[-97.100551,48.658614],[-97.102652,48.664793],[-97.097708,48.68395],[-97.118286,48.700573],[-97.116185,48.709348],[-97.136083,48.727763],[-97.139488,48.746611],[-97.151289,48.757428],[-97.147478,48.763698],[-97.154854,48.774515],[-97.157093,48.790024],[-97.163535,48.79507],[-97.165624,48.809627],[-97.180028,48.81845],[-97.177747,48.824815],[-97.181116,48.832741],[-97.173811,48.838309],[-97.175618,48.853105],[-97.187362,48.867598],[-97.185738,48.87222],[-97.197982,48.880341],[-97.197982,48.898332],[-97.210541,48.90439],[-97.211161,48.916649],[-97.217992,48.919735],[-97.218666,48.931781],[-97.224505,48.9341],[-97.232147,48.948955],[-97.230859,48.960891],[-97.239209,48.968684],[-97.237297,48.985696],[-97.230833,48.991303],[-97.229039,49.000687],[-95.153711,48.998903],[-95.15335,49.383079],[-95.126467,49.369439],[-95.058404,49.35317],[-95.014415,49.356405],[-94.988908,49.368897],[-94.957465,49.370186],[-94.854245,49.324154],[-94.816222,49.320987],[-94.824291,49.308834],[-94.82516,49.294283],[-94.797244,49.214284],[-94.797527,49.197791],[-94.773223,49.120733],[-94.750221,49.099763],[-94.750218,48.999992],[-94.718932,48.999991],[-94.683069,48.883929],[-94.684217,48.872399],[-94.692527,48.86895],[-94.693044,48.853392],[-94.685681,48.840119],[-94.701968,48.831778],[-94.704284,48.824284],[-94.694974,48.809206],[-94.694312,48.789352],[-94.690889,48.778066],[-94.651765,48.755913],[-94.645164,48.749975],[-94.645083,48.744143],[-94.61901,48.737374],[-94.58715,48.717599],[-94.549069,48.714653],[-94.533057,48.701262],[-94.452332,48.692444],[-94.438701,48.694889],[-94.416191,48.710948],[-94.384221,48.711806],[-94.342758,48.703382],[-94.308446,48.710239],[-94.290737,48.707747],[-94.260541,48.696381],[-94.251169,48.683514],[-94.254643,48.663888],[-94.250497,48.656654],[-94.224276,48.649527],[-94.091244,48.643669],[-94.065775,48.646104],[-94.035616,48.641018],[-94.006933,48.643193],[-93.944221,48.632294],[-93.91153,48.634673],[-93.840754,48.628548],[-93.824144,48.610724],[-93.806763,48.577616],[-93.811201,48.542385],[-93.818253,48.530046],[-93.794454,48.516021],[-93.656652,48.515731],[-93.643091,48.518294],[-93.628865,48.53121],[-93.612844,48.521876],[-93.60587,48.522472],[-93.594379,48.528793],[-93.547191,48.528684],[-93.467504,48.545664],[-93.460798,48.550552],[-93.456675,48.561834],[-93.465199,48.590659],[-93.438494,48.59338],[-93.405269,48.609344],[-93.395022,48.603303],[-93.371156,48.605085],[-93.362132,48.613832],[-93.35324,48.613378],[-93.349095,48.624935],[-93.254854,48.642784],[-93.207398,48.642474],[-93.178095,48.623339],[-93.088438,48.627597],[-92.984963,48.623731],[-92.954876,48.631493],[-92.95012,48.630419],[-92.949839,48.608269],[-92.929614,48.606874],[-92.909947,48.596313],[-92.894687,48.594915],[-92.728046,48.53929],[-92.657881,48.546263],[-92.634931,48.542873],[-92.625739,48.518189],[-92.631117,48.508252],[-92.627237,48.503383],[-92.636696,48.499428],[-92.654039,48.501635],[-92.661418,48.496557],[-92.698824,48.494892],[-92.712562,48.463013],[-92.687998,48.443889],[-92.656027,48.436709],[-92.507285,48.447875],[-92.475585,48.418793],[-92.456325,48.414204],[-92.456389,48.401134],[-92.47675,48.37176],[-92.469948,48.351836],[-92.437825,48.309839],[-92.416285,48.295463],[-92.369174,48.220268],[-92.336831,48.235383],[-92.269742,48.248241],[-92.273706,48.256747],[-92.294541,48.27156],[-92.292999,48.276404],[-92.301451,48.288608],[-92.294527,48.306454],[-92.306309,48.316442],[-92.304561,48.322977],[-92.295412,48.323957],[-92.288994,48.342991],[-92.26228,48.354933],[-92.222813,48.349203],[-92.216983,48.345114],[-92.206803,48.345596],[-92.203684,48.352063],[-92.178418,48.351881],[-92.177354,48.357228],[-92.145049,48.365651],[-92.143583,48.356121],[-92.083513,48.353865],[-92.077961,48.358253],[-92.055228,48.359213],[-92.045734,48.347901],[-92.046562,48.33474],[-92.037721,48.333183],[-92.030872,48.325824],[-92.000133,48.321355],[-92.01298,48.297391],[-92.006577,48.265421],[-91.989545,48.260214],[-91.976903,48.244626],[-91.971056,48.247667],[-91.971779,48.252977],[-91.954432,48.251678],[-91.952209,48.244394],[-91.957683,48.242683],[-91.957798,48.232989],[-91.941838,48.230602],[-91.915772,48.238871],[-91.89347,48.237699],[-91.884691,48.227321],[-91.867882,48.219095],[-91.864382,48.207031],[-91.815772,48.211748],[-91.809038,48.206013],[-91.79181,48.202492],[-91.789011,48.196549],[-91.756637,48.205022],[-91.749075,48.198844],[-91.741932,48.199122],[-91.742313,48.204491],[-91.714931,48.19913],[-91.711611,48.1891],[-91.721413,48.180255],[-91.724584,48.170657],[-91.705318,48.170775],[-91.70726,48.153661],[-91.698174,48.141643],[-91.699981,48.13184],[-91.712226,48.116883],[-91.703524,48.113548],[-91.682845,48.122118],[-91.687623,48.111698],[-91.676876,48.107264],[-91.665208,48.107011],[-91.653261,48.114137],[-91.653571,48.109567],[-91.640175,48.096926],[-91.559272,48.108268],[-91.552962,48.103012],[-91.569746,48.093348],[-91.575471,48.066294],[-91.575672,48.048791],[-91.567254,48.043719],[-91.488646,48.068065],[-91.45033,48.068806],[-91.437582,48.049248],[-91.429642,48.048608],[-91.391128,48.057075],[-91.370872,48.06941],[-91.365143,48.066968],[-91.340159,48.073236],[-91.332589,48.069331],[-91.26638,48.078713],[-91.214428,48.10294],[-91.190461,48.124891],[-91.183207,48.122235],[-91.176181,48.125811],[-91.137733,48.14915],[-91.139402,48.154738],[-91.092258,48.173101],[-91.082731,48.180756],[-91.024208,48.190072],[-90.976955,48.219452],[-90.914971,48.230603],[-90.88548,48.245784],[-90.875107,48.237784],[-90.847352,48.244443],[-90.839176,48.239511],[-90.836313,48.176963],[-90.832589,48.173765],[-90.821115,48.184709],[-90.817698,48.179569],[-90.804207,48.177833],[-90.796596,48.159373],[-90.777917,48.163801],[-90.778031,48.148723],[-90.79797,48.136894],[-90.787305,48.134196],[-90.789919,48.129902],[-90.76911,48.116585],[-90.761555,48.100133],[-90.751608,48.090968],[-90.641596,48.103515],[-90.626886,48.111846],[-90.59146,48.117546],[-90.582217,48.123784],[-90.55929,48.121683],[-90.555845,48.117069],[-90.569763,48.106951],[-90.567482,48.101178],[-90.556838,48.096008],[-90.487077,48.099082],[-90.467712,48.108818],[-90.438449,48.098747],[-90.403219,48.105114],[-90.374542,48.090942],[-90.367658,48.094577],[-90.344234,48.094447],[-90.330052,48.102399],[-90.312386,48.1053],[-90.289337,48.098993],[-90.224692,48.108148],[-90.188679,48.107947],[-90.176605,48.112445],[-90.136191,48.112136],[-90.116259,48.104303],[-90.073873,48.101138],[-90.023595,48.084708],[-90.015057,48.067188],[-90.008446,48.068396],[-89.997852,48.057567],[-89.99305,48.028404],[-89.97718,48.023501],[-89.968255,48.014482],[-89.954605,48.011516],[-89.95059,48.015901],[-89.934489,48.015628],[-89.915341,47.994866],[-89.897414,47.987599],[-89.873286,47.985419],[-89.868153,47.989898],[-89.847571,47.992442],[-89.842568,48.001368],[-89.830385,48.000284],[-89.820483,48.014665],[-89.797744,48.014505],[-89.763967,48.022969],[-89.724048,48.018996],[-89.721038,48.017965],[-89.724044,48.013675],[-89.716114,48.016441],[-89.716417,48.010251],[-89.702528,48.006325],[-89.673798,48.01151],[-89.667128,48.007421],[-89.657051,48.009954],[-89.649057,48.003853],[-89.617867,48.010947],[-89.611678,48.017529],[-89.607821,48.006566],[-89.594749,48.004332],[-89.582117,47.996314],[-89.564288,48.00293],[-89.489226,48.014528],[-89.495344,48.002356],[-89.541521,47.992841],[-89.551555,47.987305],[-89.555015,47.974849],[-89.572315,47.967238],[-89.58823,47.9662],[-89.611412,47.980731],[-89.624559,47.983153],[-89.631825,47.980039],[-89.640129,47.96793],[-89.638285,47.954275],[-89.697619,47.941288],[-89.793539,47.891358],[-89.85396,47.873997],[-89.87158,47.874194],[-89.923649,47.862062],[-89.930844,47.857723],[-89.92752,47.850825],[-89.933899,47.84676],[-89.974296,47.830514],[-90.072025,47.811105],[-90.075559,47.803303],[-90.1168,47.79538],[-90.16079,47.792807],[-90.178755,47.786414],[-90.187636,47.77813],[-90.248794,47.772763],[-90.323446,47.753771],[-90.332686,47.746387],[-90.437712,47.731612],[-90.441912,47.726404],[-90.458365,47.7214],[-90.537105,47.703055],[-90.551291,47.690266],[-90.735927,47.624343],[-90.86827,47.5569],[-90.907494,47.532873],[-90.914247,47.522639],[-90.939072,47.514532],[-91.032945,47.458236],[-91.045646,47.456525],[-91.097569,47.413888],[-91.128131,47.399619],[-91.146958,47.381464],[-91.156513,47.378816],[-91.188772,47.340082],[-91.238658,47.304976],[-91.262512,47.27929],[-91.288478,47.26596],[-91.326019,47.238993],[-91.357803,47.206743],[-91.418805,47.172152],[-91.477351,47.125667],[-91.497902,47.122579],[-91.518793,47.108121],[-91.573817,47.089917],[-91.591508,47.068684],[-91.626824,47.049953],[-91.644564,47.026491],[-91.666477,47.014297],[-91.704649,47.005246],[-91.780675,46.945881],[-91.806851,46.933727],[-91.841349,46.925215],[-91.883238,46.905728],[-91.914984,46.883836],[-91.952985,46.867037],[-92.094089,46.787839],[-92.088289,46.773639],[-92.06449,46.745439],[-92.025789,46.710839],[-92.01529,46.706469],[-92.020289,46.704039],[-92.03399,46.708939],[-92.08949,46.74924],[-92.10819,46.74914],[-92.13789,46.73954],[-92.14329,46.73464],[-92.141291,46.72524],[-92.146291,46.71594],[-92.167291,46.719941],[-92.189091,46.717541],[-92.204691,46.704041]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Minnesota\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"105","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Christopher A.","contributorId":343078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Custer","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"North, Joshua S.","contributorId":343081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"North","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":38900,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schliep, Erin M.","contributorId":343084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schliep","given":"Erin M.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Verhoeven, Michael R.","contributorId":343087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verhoeven","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hansen, Gretchen J.A.","contributorId":343090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Gretchen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.A.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70259615,"text":"70259615 - 2024 - Indications of preferential groundwater seepage feeding northern peatland pools","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-17T12:07:58.976979","indexId":"70259615","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-20T07:05:13","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Indications of preferential groundwater seepage feeding northern peatland pools","docAbstract":"Understanding the role of hydrologic variation in structuring aquatic communities is crucial for successful conservation and sustainable management of native freshwater biodiversity. Partitioning beta diversity into the additive components of spatial turnover and nestedness can provide insight into the forces driving variability in fish assemblages across stream flow regimes. We examined stream fish beta diversity across hydrologic and anthropogenic disturbance gradients using long-term (1916–2016) site occurrence records (n = 17,375) encompassing 252 species. We assessed total beta diversity (Sørensen dissimilarity), spatial turnover, and nestedness of fish assemblages in contrasting stream flow regimes across a gradient of decreasing flow stability: groundwater stable (n = 77), groundwater (n = 67), groundwater flashy (n = 175), perennial runoff (n = 141), runoff flashy (n = 255), and intermittent (n = 63) streams. Differences in total beta diversity among the stream flow regimes were driven predominantly (>86 %) by spatial turnover (i.e. species replacement) as opposed to nestedness (i.e. species loss or gain). Total fish beta diversity and spatial turnover were highest in streams with intermediate flow stability (groundwater flashy), while more flow-stable streams (groundwater stable and groundwater) had lower turnover and higher nestedness. Species turnover was also strongly associated with seasonal variation in hydrology across all flow regimes, but these relationships were most evident for assemblages in intermittent streams. Distance-based statistical comparisons showed significant correlations between beta diversity and anthropogenic disturbance variables, including dam density, dam storage volume and water withdrawals in catchments of groundwater stable streams, while hydrologic variables were more strongly correlated with beta diversity in streams with runoff-dominated and flashy flow regimes. The high spatial turnover of species implies that fish conservation actions would benefit from watershed-focused approaches targeting multiple streams with wide spatial distribution, as opposed to simply focusing on preserving sites with the greatest number of species.
1. The Santa Ana River in the Los Angeles region of California demonstrates common habitat degradation symptoms that are characteristic of the urban stream syndrome. These impacts have altered the Santa Ana River community structure, with few species as impacted as the native Santa Ana sucker (sucker; Pantosteus santaanae). 2. Consequently, a recovery plan developed for sucker identified the need for a population viability analysis (PVA) to assess sucker extirpation risk. However, PVAs can be data-intensive and are subject to several sources of bias when standardized protocols are absent. 3. More than 20 years of sucker and arroyo chub (chub; Gila orcuttii) surveys using different methods were compiled to build an integrated hierarchical multi-population PVA to estimate trends in abundance and extirpation probability of these native fishes from the Santa Ana River. 4. PVA modelling indicated similar patterns in sucker and chub abundance along the Santa Ana River, with the highest abundance of both species in the upper regions of the river during the early 2000s and downstream in recent years (2018–2022). Extirpation risk was estimated to be greatest near wastewater treatment facilities, where native fish abundance estimates have been zero since 2018. Extirpation risk was lower downstream of the wastewater treatment facilities for both species, although extinction risk was higher for sucker than chub throughout the river. 5. As the model evolves and more data are collected, the PVA could be used to assess the effects of various management actions, such as non-native predator removals and native fish re-introductions, on sucker and chub persistence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/aqc.4164","usgsCitation":"Huntsman, B., Palenscar, K., Russell, K., Mills, B., Jones, C., Ota, W., Anderson, K.E., Dyer, H., Abadi, F., and Wulff, M.L., 2024, Evaluation of extinction risk for stream fishes within an urban riverscape using population viability analysis: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, v. 34, no. 6, e4164, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.4164.","productDescription":"e4164, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-155060","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.4164","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430448,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Ana River drainage","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.91739602273532,\n 33.59806544941986\n ],\n [\n -117.07072671553968,\n 33.928615009582344\n ],\n [\n -116.86491284498888,\n 34.11992851642641\n ],\n [\n -117.15177435882552,\n 34.394478755569835\n ],\n [\n -117.39266048613797,\n 34.37688489281085\n ],\n [\n -117.75593270208347,\n 34.36856513907851\n ],\n [\n -117.94264116351808,\n 33.99522385830353\n ],\n [\n -118.0554774461699,\n 33.74788429741041\n ],\n [\n -118.0424650174655,\n 33.69256809570372\n ],\n [\n -117.91739602273532,\n 33.59806544941986\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntsman, Brock 0000-0003-4090-1949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4090-1949","contributorId":223101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntsman","given":"Brock","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":904777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palenscar, Kai","contributorId":297131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palenscar","given":"Kai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64298,"text":"San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Russell, Kerwin","contributorId":297133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Kerwin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64299,"text":"Riverside-Corona Resource Conservation District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mills, Brett","contributorId":297135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"Brett","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64299,"text":"Riverside-Corona Resource Conservation District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, Chris","contributorId":297132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":64298,"text":"San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ota, William","contributorId":339658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ota","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81373,"text":"Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anderson, Kurt E.","contributorId":265545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":904783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dyer, Heather","contributorId":297134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyer","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64298,"text":"San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Abadi, Fitsum","contributorId":244779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abadi","given":"Fitsum","affiliations":[{"id":48968,"text":"New Mexico State University, Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wulff, Marissa L. 0000-0003-0121-9066","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0121-9066","contributorId":229534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wulff","given":"Marissa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":904786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70255535,"text":"70255535 - 2024 - Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coasts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-21T11:56:18.68649","indexId":"70255535","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-19T06:54:44","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5010,"text":"Science Advances","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coasts","docAbstract":"Standing dead trees (snags) are recognized for their influence on methane (CH4) cycling in coastal wetlands, yet the biogeochemical processes that control the magnitude and direction of fluxes across the snag-atmosphere interface are not fully elucidated. Herein, we analyzed microbial communities and fluxes at one height from ten snags in a ghost forest wetland. Snag-atmosphere CH4 fluxes were highly variable (− 0.11–0.51 mg CH4 m−2 h−1). CH4 production was measured in three out of ten snags; whereas, CH4 consumption was measured in two out of ten snags. Potential CH4 production and oxidation in one core from each snag was assayed in vitro. A single core produced CH4 under anoxic and oxic conditions, at measured rates of 0.7 and 0.6 ng CH4 g−1 h−1, respectively. Four cores oxidized CH4 under oxic conditions, with an average rate of − 1.13 ± 0.31 ng CH4 g−1 h−1. Illumina sequencing of the V3/V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed diverse microbial communities and indicated oxidative decomposition of deadwood. Methanogens were present in 20% of the snags, with a mean relative abundance of < 0.0001%. Methanotrophs were identified in all snags, with a mean relative abundance of 2% and represented the sole CH4-cycling communities in 80% of the snags. These data indicate potential for microbial attenuation of CH4 emissions across the snag-atmosphere interface in ghost forests. A better understanding of the environmental drivers of snag-associated microbial communities is necessary to forecast the response of CH4 cycling in coastal ghost forest wetlands to a shifting coastal landscape.
Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been associated with toxicity in wildlife and negative health effects in humans. Decades of fire training activity at Joint Base Cape Cod (MA, USA) incorporated the use of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF), which resulted in long-term PFAS contamination of sediments, groundwater, and hydrologically connected surface waters. To explore the bioconcentration potential of PFAS in complex environmental mixtures, a mobile laboratory was established to evaluate the bioconcentration of PFAS from AFFF-impacted groundwater by flow-through design. Fathead minnows (n = 24) were exposed to PFAS in groundwater over a 21-day period and tissue-specific PFAS burdens in liver, kidney, and gonad were derived at three different time points. The ∑PFAS concentrations in groundwater increased from approximately 10,000 ng/L at day 1 to 36,000 ng/L at day 21. The relative abundance of PFAS in liver, kidney, and gonad shifted temporally from majority perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides (FASAs) to perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFSAs). By day 21, mean ∑PFAS concentrations in tissues displayed a predominance in the order of liver > kidney > gonad. Generally, bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for FASAs, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs), and fluorotelomer sulfonates (FTS) increased with degree of fluorinated carbon chain length, but this was not evident for PFSAs. Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) displayed the highest mean BCF (8700 L/kg) in day 21 kidney. Suspect screening results revealed the presence of several perfluoroalkyl sulfinate and FASA compounds present in groundwater and in liver for which pseudo-bioconcentration factors are also reported. The bioconcentration observed for precursor compounds and PFSA derivatives detected suggests alternative pathways for terminal PFAS exposure in aquatic wildlife and humans.
In August 2020, the 3-m tall Pilchuck River Diversion Dam was removed from the Pilchuck River, allowing free fish passage to the upper third of the watershed for the first time in over a century. The narrow, 300-m long impoundment behind the dam was estimated to hold 4,000–7,500 m3 of sand and gravel, representing less than one year's typical bedload flux. Repeat cross section surveys, stage sensors, and time-lapse cameras were used to document the physical channel response over the first year following dam removal. A total of 7,400 m3 (effectively 100%) of impoundment sediment was eroded in the first year, with 25% accomplished by manual regrading during dam removal. Most river-caused erosion occurred during a sequence of modest flows in October 2020. Downstream deposition totaled 4,300 m3, predominately filling in the first 100 m downstream of the dam site. Deposition tapered below detectable levels within 350 m, and most downstream channel adjustments occurred before November 2020. Multiple high flows after December 2020 caused little upstream or downstream change. The physical river response to this dam removal then appears to have been largely accomplished within several months by modest flows, consistent with pre-removal modeling and observations from other regional dam removals. Efficient sediment evacuation was likely aided by the narrow and steep-walled impoundment geometry. Our observations support existing guidance that the physical river response to small dam removals is typically rapid and modest; the benefits of removal may then often be gained with minimal negative downstream geomorphic impacts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.097.0113","usgsCitation":"Anderson, S.W., Shattuck, B., Shea, N., Seguin, C.M., Miles, J.J., Marks, D., and Coumou, N., 2024, River channel response to the removal of the Pilchuck River Diversion Dam, Washington State: Northwest Science, v. 97, no. 1-2, p. 134-145, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.097.0113.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"134","endPage":"145","ipdsId":"IP-144271","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":427589,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Pilchuck River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.904,\n 48.02\n ],\n [\n -121.916,\n 48.02\n ],\n [\n -121.916,\n 48.016\n ],\n [\n -121.904,\n 48.016\n ],\n [\n -121.904,\n 48.02\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Scott W. 0000-0003-1678-5204 swanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1678-5204","contributorId":196687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Scott","email":"swanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shattuck, Brett","contributorId":335415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shattuck","given":"Brett","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80397,"text":"Tulalip Indian Tribe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shea, Neil","contributorId":335416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shea","given":"Neil","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80397,"text":"Tulalip Indian Tribe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seguin, Catherine M.","contributorId":332787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seguin","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":898316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miles, Joe J. 0009-0003-4960-6783","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4960-6783","contributorId":337064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":901867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Marks, Derek","contributorId":225112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marks","given":"Derek","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":898318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coumou, Natasha","contributorId":335418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coumou","given":"Natasha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80397,"text":"Tulalip Indian Tribe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70256553,"text":"70256553 - 2024 - Documenting historical anchorworm parasitism of introduced warmwater fishes in the Willamette River Basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-15T23:38:45.110917","indexId":"70256553","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-18T18:34:42","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Documenting historical anchorworm parasitism of introduced warmwater fishes in the Willamette River Basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"Anchorworms (Lernaea spp.) are freshwater parasitic copepods that use a wide range of hosts. Yet little is known about their prevalence, distribution, and which species are their primary fish hosts in the state of Oregon. Institutional fish collections serve as banks which allow investigators to look at historical fish specimens and ascertain their health status at the time of their collection. We examined 1,039 specimens collected between 1941 and 2016 from the Oregon State Ichthyology Collection to detect the presence of anchorworms on non-native warmwater fishes from the Willamette River Basin, Oregon. Adult female anchorworms were found on 11 of the 17 fish species that we examined. The most infected species included common carp (Cyprinus carpio), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu). We suggest these introduced warmwater fishes can act not only as hosts, but also as potential reservoirs for these under-studied parasites posing a potential risk for Endangered Species Act (ESA)-listed native fishes. Our findings reveal unique insights that will serve as a baseline to detect future changes in parasite loads in the Willamette River Basin.
Visual aids like length-frequency histograms are widely used to examine fish population status and trends; however, comparing multiple histograms simultaneously becomes cumbersome and inefficient. Complicating matters further, overlaying covariates on histograms to highlight connections with length frequencies can be challenging. An alternative, and the subject of this Perspective, is to display length distributions as an ordination using similarity indexes; in many cases, this allows for improved visual organization and representation of relationships with covariates.
I review the application of ordination methods for analysis of size structures using alternative visualizations that may facilitate the identification of connections that are concealed when analyzing a series of histograms. After a brief introduction to similarity indexes, types of ordinations, and sample sizes, I examine four case studies to illustrate size structure analysis via similarity indices: (1) unconstrained ordination to identify “bass-crowded” populations in a set of 34 small fishing lakes, (2) unconstrained ordination to evaluate the effect of three consecutive length limits on a Largemouth Bass Micropterus nigricans population over a span of 28 years, (3) constrained ordination to assess the relationships between fish community size structure and in-lake and off-lake environmental descriptors in 30 oxbow lakes, and (4) constrained ordination to identify what aspects of Largemouth Bass size structure were related to six types of reservoir habitats.
Size structure analysis via similarity indexes enabled the exploration of extensive length-frequency data. It is important to acknowledge that ordinations serve solely as a visual aid for assessing size structure—no statistical testing is involved.
Ordination techniques and software are advancing at a quick pace, holding great promise for the future of size structure analysis via similarity indices.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10998","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L.E., 2024, Fish size structure analysis via ordination: A visualization aid: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 44, no. 4, p. 763-775, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10998.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"763","endPage":"775","ipdsId":"IP-158640","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499918,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10998","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432603,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70255938,"text":"70255938 - 2024 - Demographics of a previously undocumented diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-30T14:53:19.629068","indexId":"70255938","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-18T10:33:33","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Demographics of a previously undocumented diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) population","title":"Demographics of a previously undocumented diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) population","docAbstract":"Coastal habitats are some of the most imperiled due to climate change and anthropogenic activities. As such, it is important to understand population dynamics of the species that may play a role in regulating coastal systems. Diamondback terrapins in Northwest Florida have been understudied, which has resulted in a gap in our knowledge for this region. To help fill this gap, we conducted a capture-mark-recapture study in St. Joseph Bay, Florida, from 2018 to 2021. Overall, we captured 518 individuals, including 146 recaptures, and we used several modeling frameworks to estimate apparent survival, recapture probability, population entrance, and population size. Our estimates of apparent survival were relatively low, especially for adult males (0.77) and adult females (0.83), but there is a considerable amount of uncertainty around our estimates. Our models indicated that the super-population consists of 1122 individuals (971–1327 95% CI), and the population is comprised of more adult males (753; 665–866 95% CI) than adult females (102; 85–130 95% CI) and juveniles (267; 221–331 95% CI). Estimates of population entrance varied by year throughout our study duration. This study is the first to document a Malaclemys terrapin population in this region of Florida, and we recommend long-term monitoring in order to gain inferences for the management of this declining coastal species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-024-01380-5","usgsCitation":"Catizone, D.J., Thomas, T.M., Romagosa, C., and Lamont, M., 2024, Demographics of a previously undocumented diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) population: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 47, p. 1684-1693, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-024-01380-5.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1684","endPage":"1693","ipdsId":"IP-151031","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430976,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"St. Joseph Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.44660816786433,\n 29.900893125154155\n ],\n [\n -85.44660816786433,\n 29.665660146459913\n ],\n [\n -85.25729815600472,\n 29.665660146459913\n ],\n [\n -85.25729815600472,\n 29.900893125154155\n ],\n [\n -85.44660816786433,\n 29.900893125154155\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Catizone, Daniel J. 0000-0002-7030-4208","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7030-4208","contributorId":248817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catizone","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Travis M.","contributorId":289917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":62286,"text":"Nature Coast Biological Station, Cedar Key, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Romagosa, Christina 0000-0003-1900-5648","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1900-5648","contributorId":299306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romagosa","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lamont, Margaret 0000-0001-7520-6669","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-6669","contributorId":222403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70262789,"text":"70262789 - 2024 - Earthquake effects surveyed during the nineteenth century as ecological features of Chinookan tidelands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-22T16:25:37.569721","indexId":"70262789","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-18T10:21:23","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake effects surveyed during the nineteenth century as ecological features of Chinookan tidelands","docAbstract":"Lasting effects of a Cascadia earthquake in 1700 were documented during surveys of Chinookan tidelands near the mouth of the Columbia River between 1805 and 1868. The effects resemble estuarine consequences, near Anchorage, of the 1964 Alaska earthquake: fatal drowning of subsided meadows and forests by post-earthquake tides, rebirth of marshes and forests through post-earthquake sedimentation, and uplift. Chinookan remains of killed forests were recorded by James Graham Cooper, John J. Lowell, and Cleveland Rockwell. Cooper, attached to a railroad survey and the Smithsonian Institution, wrote of redcedar stumps and trunks standing dead in tidal marshes of Shoalwater (now Willapa) Bay. Two such snags served as bearing trees for Lowell as he platted a Shoalwater Bay township under contract with the General Land Office. Rockwell, of the US Coast Survey, flecked landward edges of tidal flats west of Astoria with symbols that evoke remains of a bygone spruce forest. The Lewis and Clark Expedition, while in that area in 1805–1806, mapped and puzzled over tideland vegetation that post-1700 succession helps explain.
","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.097.0109","collaboration":"none","usgsCitation":"Atwater, B., Yamaguchi, D., and Pearl, J., 2024, Earthquake effects surveyed during the nineteenth century as ecological features of Chinookan tidelands: Northwest Science, v. 97, no. 2, p. 78-98, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.097.0109.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"78","endPage":"98","ipdsId":"IP-135094","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.097.0109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":480931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.51718455272794,\n 50.2041304094416\n ],\n [\n -128.7778863465558,\n 49.97384930015542\n ],\n [\n -129.35598639255556,\n 38.44625263740127\n ],\n [\n -121.0599980258377,\n 39.43017251075702\n ],\n [\n -121.51718455272794,\n 50.2041304094416\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.78402329883215,\n 61.95831997439137\n ],\n [\n -154.78402329883215,\n 55.7122434361076\n ],\n [\n -141.85061807204139,\n 55.7122434361076\n ],\n [\n -141.85061807204139,\n 61.95831997439137\n ],\n [\n -154.78402329883215,\n 61.95831997439137\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atwater, Brian F. 0000-0003-1155-2815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2815","contributorId":204658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"Brian F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yamaguchi, David K.","contributorId":150162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yamaguchi","given":"David K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":924764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearl, Jessie K. 0000-0002-1556-2159","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1556-2159","contributorId":336799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearl","given":"Jessie K.","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70255333,"text":"dr1196 - 2024 - Distribution, abundance, and habitat characteristics of Coastal Cactus Wrens (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) in San Diego County, California—2023 Data Summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-18T21:01:38.647217","indexId":"dr1196","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-18T09:43:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9318,"text":"Data Report","code":"DR","onlineIssn":"2771-9448","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1196","displayTitle":"Distribution, Abundance, and Habitat Characteristics of Coastal Cactus Wrens (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) in San Diego County, California—2023 Data Summary","title":"Distribution, abundance, and habitat characteristics of Coastal Cactus Wrens (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) in San Diego County, California—2023 Data Summary","docAbstract":"We surveyed for coastal Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) in 507 established plots in San Diego County in 2023, encompassing 4 genetic clusters (Otay, Lake Jennings, Sweetwater/Encanto, and San Pasqual). Two surveys were completed at each plot between March 1 and July 31. Cactus Wrens were detected in 181 plots (36 percent of plots). Cactus Wrens were detected in 26 percent of plots that have been consistently surveyed since 2020, indicating lower plot occupancy than in 2022 (31 percent), 2021 (34 percent), and 2020 (35 percent). There were 158 Cactus Wren territories detected across all survey plots in 2023. In plots that have been consistently surveyed since 2020, we documented 85 territories, which is a decrease from 94 territories in 2022, 113 territories in 2021, and 109 territories in 2020. The number of territories declined from 2022 to 2023 in the Lake Jennings, Sweetwater/Encanto, and San Pasqual genetic clusters but remained virtually the same in the Otay genetic cluster. At least 80 percent of Cactus Wren territories were occupied by pairs, and 125 fledglings were observed in 2023.
We observed 14 banded Cactus Wrens in 2023, 9 of which we could identify individually by color band combination. Adults of known age ranged from 4 to 7 years old. All individually identifiable adult Cactus Wrens occupied the same territory in 2023 that they occupied in 2022, and we detected no movement of banded Cactus Wrens between genetic clusters.
Vegetation at Cactus Wren survey plots was dominated by coastal sage scrub shrubs, such as California sagebrush (Artemisia californica), California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum), lemonade berry (Rhus integrifolia), jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis), and San Diego viguiera (Bahiopsis laciniata). No definitive signs of fungal pathogens were observed on cactus within and around survey plots. Blue elderberry (Sambucus mexicana) was detected at 41 percent of plots, and Cactus Wrens occupied proportionally more plots with elderberry than plots without elderberry. Very little dead or unhealthy cactus was observed within all survey plots, and Cactus Wren occupancy did not differ between plots with high or low amounts of dead or unhealthy cactus. Almost 90 percent of plots had more than 5 percent of cactus crowded or overtopped by vines and shrubs, and Cactus Wren occupancy did not differ between plots with high or low amounts of cactus crowded or overtopped by vines and shrubs. Non-native annual cover was more prevalent in survey plots in 2023 than in 2022. Cactus Wrens did not select or avoid plots with more non-native cover.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dr1196","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Species Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Lynn, S., and Kus, B.E., 2024, Distribution, abundance, and habitat characteristics of Coastal Cactus Wrens (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) in San Diego County, California—2023 data summary: U.S. Geological Survey Data Report 1196, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/dr1196.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 14 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-159898","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430332,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76H4FK5","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"Kus, B.E., and Lynn, S., 2022, Surveys and monitoring of Coastal Cactus Wren in southern San Deigo County (ver. 4.0, February 2024): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F76H4FK5.","linkHelpText":"Surveys and monitoring of Coastal Cactus Wren in southern San Deigo County (ver. 4.0, February 2024)"},{"id":430327,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1196/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":430328,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1196/dr1196.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":430329,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1196/dr1196.xml"},{"id":430330,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1196/images"},{"id":430331,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/dr1196/full"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":221,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"San Diego\",\"state\":\"CA\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-117.489,33.5045],[-117.476,33.5042],[-117.452,33.5047],[-117.38,33.5048],[-117.366,33.5045],[-117.371,33.4919],[-117.366,33.4895],[-117.242,33.4477],[-117.241,33.4317],[-117.137,33.4319],[-117.125,33.4319],[-117.082,33.4321],[-117.052,33.4315],[-117.03,33.4315],[-117.03,33.4314],[-117.031,33.4269],[-116.996,33.4269],[-116.952,33.4269],[-116.948,33.4271],[-116.947,33.4273],[-116.883,33.4272],[-116.858,33.4266],[-116.807,33.4268],[-116.793,33.4269],[-116.791,33.4269],[-116.721,33.427],[-116.7,33.427],[-116.68,33.4269],[-116.669,33.4271],[-116.667,33.4272],[-116.651,33.4277],[-116.633,33.4277],[-116.496,33.4277],[-116.446,33.428],[-116.393,33.4282],[-116.39,33.4277],[-116.32,33.428],[-116.302,33.4284],[-116.284,33.4284],[-116.197,33.4296],[-116.18,33.4291],[-116.163,33.4286],[-116.111,33.4275],[-116.093,33.4274],[-116.083,33.4271],[-116.082,33.4125],[-116.082,33.3989],[-116.082,33.3839],[-116.082,33.3799],[-116.082,33.3644],[-116.082,33.2533],[-116.082,33.2363],[-116.081,33.1631],[-116.08,33.1489],[-116.081,33.1339],[-116.081,33.1199],[-116.08,33.1061],[-116.08,33.0915],[-116.08,33.0755],[-116.082,33.0756],[-116.103,33.0749],[-116.102,33.0471],[-116.103,33.0031],[-116.102,32.8563],[-116.102,32.8135],[-116.099,32.7253],[-116.106,32.7251],[-116.106,32.7251],[-116.106,32.6385],[-116.106,32.6162],[-116.107,32.6161],[-116.111,32.6158],[-116.124,32.6149],[-116.126,32.6147],[-116.139,32.6137],[-116.14,32.6136],[-116.154,32.6124],[-116.209,32.6078],[-116.272,32.6029],[-116.278,32.6025],[-116.28,32.6023],[-116.311,32.5998],[-116.398,32.5926],[-116.448,32.5885],[-116.62,32.5743],[-116.635,32.573],[-116.668,32.5702],[-116.674,32.5697],[-116.683,32.5688],[-116.683,32.5689],[-116.688,32.5685],[-116.688,32.5683],[-116.691,32.5685],[-116.714,32.5663],[-116.746,32.5635],[-116.772,32.5613],[-116.8,32.5587],[-116.82,32.5569],[-116.855,32.5541],[-116.873,32.5527],[-116.894,32.5509],[-116.926,32.5485],[-117.033,32.5385],[-117.114,32.5315],[-117.119,32.5309],[-117.124,32.5309],[-117.124,32.5311],[-117.126,32.54],[-117.126,32.5422],[-117.127,32.5472],[-117.127,32.5478],[-117.128,32.5514],[-117.129,32.5532],[-117.132,32.5581],[-117.132,32.5592],[-117.133,32.5641],[-117.133,32.5673],[-117.133,32.5792],[-117.134,32.5792],[-117.138,32.5798],[-117.135,32.58],[-117.133,32.5883],[-117.135,32.6025],[-117.136,32.6028],[-117.137,32.6042],[-117.136,32.6139],[-117.136,32.6145],[-117.136,32.615],[-117.138,32.6211],[-117.139,32.6239],[-117.142,32.6311],[-117.143,32.6322],[-117.144,32.6331],[-117.144,32.6336],[-117.146,32.6353],[-117.147,32.6383],[-117.148,32.6403],[-117.154,32.6506],[-117.158,32.6567],[-117.16,32.6589],[-117.16,32.6592],[-117.161,32.6636],[-117.168,32.6717],[-117.169,32.6723],[-117.184,32.6836],[-117.185,32.6839],[-117.192,32.6869],[-117.193,32.6864],[-117.197,32.6869],[-117.208,32.6869],[-117.209,32.6869],[-117.21,32.6867],[-117.212,32.6867],[-117.218,32.6852],[-117.222,32.6837],[-117.224,32.683],[-117.224,32.6834],[-117.226,32.6864],[-117.228,32.6925],[-117.228,32.6937],[-117.226,32.6994],[-117.226,32.7004],[-117.225,32.7036],[-117.224,32.7039],[-117.219,32.7095],[-117.209,32.7131],[-117.209,32.7133],[-117.208,32.7139],[-117.206,32.7142],[-117.204,32.7142],[-117.201,32.7145],[-117.199,32.7145],[-117.198,32.7145],[-117.198,32.7143],[-117.186,32.7067],[-117.184,32.7055],[-117.175,32.701],[-117.17,32.6998],[-117.165,32.6955],[-117.164,32.6923],[-117.164,32.6907],[-117.165,32.6844],[-117.168,32.6792],[-117.164,32.6769],[-117.164,32.6771],[-117.159,32.6803],[-117.157,32.6811],[-117.156,32.6803],[-117.154,32.6749],[-117.155,32.6741],[-117.156,32.6739],[-117.158,32.6733],[-117.16,32.6673],[-117.154,32.6601],[-117.152,32.6578],[-117.152,32.6575],[-117.152,32.6561],[-117.151,32.6558],[-117.15,32.6564],[-117.149,32.6564],[-117.149,32.6558],[-117.148,32.6556],[-117.147,32.6553],[-117.145,32.6537],[-117.146,32.6528],[-117.141,32.6433],[-117.141,32.6429],[-117.139,32.6381],[-117.141,32.6339],[-117.139,32.6325],[-117.138,32.6317],[-117.138,32.6314],[-117.134,32.6328],[-117.133,32.6328],[-117.132,32.6317],[-117.132,32.6314],[-117.132,32.63],[-117.13,32.6295],[-117.13,32.6289],[-117.129,32.6253],[-117.129,32.6247],[-117.128,32.6222],[-117.129,32.6222],[-117.132,32.6151],[-117.132,32.6107],[-117.13,32.6083],[-117.127,32.6069],[-117.126,32.6059],[-117.122,32.6033],[-117.122,32.5967],[-117.122,32.5894],[-117.122,32.5881],[-117.121,32.5875],[-117.12,32.5877],[-117.119,32.5897],[-117.116,32.5928],[-117.116,32.5994],[-117.116,32.5995],[-117.115,32.5979],[-117.114,32.5914],[-117.114,32.5914],[-117.113,32.5908],[-117.109,32.5894],[-117.108,32.5895],[-117.101,32.5917],[-117.091,32.5973],[-117.091,32.5978],[-117.092,32.5987],[-117.093,32.6],[-117.093,32.6003],[-117.095,32.6022],[-117.094,32.605],[-117.1,32.6125],[-117.102,32.6131],[-117.114,32.6108],[-117.114,32.615],[-117.112,32.6172],[-117.11,32.6169],[-117.101,32.6146],[-117.098,32.615],[-117.1,32.6219],[-117.102,32.6217],[-117.108,32.6329],[-117.108,32.6348],[-117.11,32.6363],[-117.119,32.6475],[-117.12,32.6603],[-117.123,32.6605],[-117.121,32.665],[-117.124,32.6667],[-117.126,32.6667],[-117.124,32.6675],[-117.122,32.6683],[-117.121,32.6689],[-117.124,32.6692],[-117.121,32.6709],[-117.12,32.6711],[-117.12,32.6713],[-117.12,32.6725],[-117.12,32.6727],[-117.122,32.6725],[-117.124,32.6717],[-117.124,32.6714],[-117.123,32.6747],[-117.126,32.6736],[-117.126,32.6739],[-117.126,32.6745],[-117.125,32.675],[-117.123,32.6758],[-117.123,32.6767],[-117.127,32.6761],[-117.126,32.6767],[-117.124,32.6786],[-117.125,32.6789],[-117.126,32.6783],[-117.128,32.6772],[-117.126,32.68],[-117.13,32.6789],[-117.129,32.6803],[-117.131,32.6803],[-117.132,32.6808],[-117.132,32.6811],[-117.131,32.6817],[-117.13,32.6819],[-117.129,32.6828],[-117.129,32.6831],[-117.131,32.6828],[-117.133,32.6822],[-117.132,32.6833],[-117.131,32.6845],[-117.132,32.6847],[-117.132,32.6853],[-117.133,32.685],[-117.135,32.6839],[-117.134,32.6853],[-117.135,32.6867],[-117.138,32.685],[-117.139,32.6867],[-117.139,32.6872],[-117.141,32.6875],[-117.145,32.6897],[-117.147,32.6908],[-117.147,32.6911],[-117.145,32.6919],[-117.148,32.6925],[-117.151,32.6931],[-117.153,32.6945],[-117.153,32.6951],[-117.154,32.6955],[-117.156,32.6967],[-117.158,32.6978],[-117.16,32.6983],[-117.16,32.6991],[-117.161,32.7009],[-117.161,32.7016],[-117.161,32.7029],[-117.161,32.7033],[-117.162,32.7035],[-117.163,32.7033],[-117.166,32.7039],[-117.17,32.7071],[-117.17,32.7075],[-117.174,32.7095],[-117.176,32.7114],[-117.176,32.7122],[-117.177,32.7139],[-117.174,32.7178],[-117.173,32.7189],[-117.174,32.7192],[-117.174,32.7229],[-117.178,32.7272],[-117.179,32.7272],[-117.184,32.7262],[-117.188,32.7245],[-117.188,32.7241],[-117.189,32.7239],[-117.19,32.7241],[-117.194,32.7247],[-117.196,32.7249],[-117.197,32.725],[-117.201,32.7281],[-117.203,32.7286],[-117.209,32.7398],[-117.215,32.7246],[-117.216,32.7244],[-117.219,32.7217],[-117.22,32.7219],[-117.223,32.7197],[-117.223,32.72],[-117.222,32.7155],[-117.225,32.713],[-117.233,32.7077],[-117.235,32.7089],[-117.235,32.7095],[-117.235,32.71],[-117.233,32.7122],[-117.231,32.7175],[-117.235,32.7169],[-117.235,32.7169],[-117.235,32.7156],[-117.233,32.7158],[-117.234,32.7131],[-117.235,32.7122],[-117.236,32.7119],[-117.234,32.7037],[-117.236,32.7],[-117.236,32.6994],[-117.237,32.6992],[-117.237,32.7009],[-117.238,32.7017],[-117.24,32.6973],[-117.24,32.6944],[-117.239,32.6942],[-117.239,32.6922],[-117.24,32.692],[-117.239,32.6903],[-117.237,32.6908],[-117.237,32.6906],[-117.238,32.6901],[-117.236,32.6903],[-117.234,32.6889],[-117.234,32.6886],[-117.235,32.6836],[-117.235,32.6834],[-117.238,32.6798],[-117.236,32.6719],[-117.241,32.6651],[-117.242,32.6647],[-117.244,32.665],[-117.245,32.6675],[-117.246,32.67],[-117.246,32.6731],[-117.247,32.6736],[-117.247,32.6753],[-117.248,32.6775],[-117.249,32.6792],[-117.251,32.6836],[-117.251,32.6875],[-117.253,32.6922],[-117.254,32.695],[-117.255,32.6983],[-117.256,32.6989],[-117.256,32.6997],[-117.256,32.7003],[-117.257,32.7123],[-117.257,32.7198],[-117.258,32.7259],[-117.256,32.7281],[-117.257,32.7292],[-117.255,32.7468],[-117.257,32.7483],[-117.258,32.7489],[-117.259,32.7495],[-117.259,32.7503],[-117.256,32.7486],[-117.255,32.7483],[-117.253,32.7503],[-117.252,32.7508],[-117.24,32.7558],[-117.239,32.7561],[-117.231,32.7573],[-117.23,32.7572],[-117.227,32.7578],[-117.223,32.7581],[-117.222,32.7586],[-117.224,32.7597],[-117.228,32.7592],[-117.236,32.7586],[-117.244,32.7569],[-117.248,32.7567],[-117.249,32.7567],[-117.253,32.7561],[-117.252,32.7575],[-117.245,32.7581],[-117.244,32.7586],[-117.243,32.7596],[-117.242,32.7619],[-117.241,32.7614],[-117.24,32.7611],[-117.237,32.7617],[-117.243,32.7645],[-117.242,32.7653],[-117.241,32.7669],[-117.241,32.7673],[-117.24,32.7674],[-117.229,32.7681],[-117.223,32.7667],[-117.223,32.7667],[-117.222,32.7664],[-117.218,32.7651],[-117.218,32.7647],[-117.213,32.7653],[-117.211,32.7664],[-117.211,32.7672],[-117.21,32.7725],[-117.21,32.7742],[-117.211,32.7759],[-117.211,32.7767],[-117.211,32.7769],[-117.211,32.7775],[-117.213,32.7797],[-117.211,32.7831],[-117.209,32.7878],[-117.211,32.7894],[-117.21,32.7911],[-117.21,32.7914],[-117.21,32.7925],[-117.216,32.7964],[-117.212,32.7936],[-117.214,32.7928],[-117.215,32.7925],[-117.216,32.7923],[-117.219,32.7931],[-117.221,32.7944],[-117.221,32.7947],[-117.225,32.7936],[-117.225,32.7939],[-117.227,32.7933],[-117.232,32.7839],[-117.239,32.7806],[-117.239,32.7809],[-117.246,32.7911],[-117.249,32.7905],[-117.249,32.7906],[-117.249,32.785],[-117.248,32.7833],[-117.248,32.7811],[-117.248,32.7809],[-117.25,32.7817],[-117.25,32.7783],[-117.25,32.7784],[-117.248,32.7795],[-117.247,32.7789],[-117.247,32.7777],[-117.248,32.7773],[-117.248,32.7769],[-117.249,32.7767],[-117.251,32.7758],[-117.249,32.7736],[-117.248,32.7725],[-117.247,32.7739],[-117.245,32.7725],[-117.246,32.7709],[-117.246,32.7711],[-117.244,32.7708],[-117.243,32.7704],[-117.243,32.7689],[-117.249,32.7697],[-117.248,32.7608],[-117.248,32.7608],[-117.247,32.7617],[-117.246,32.7622],[-117.246,32.7622],[-117.245,32.7608],[-117.249,32.7592],[-117.255,32.7597],[-117.255,32.7875],[-117.255,32.7886],[-117.256,32.7903],[-117.256,32.7905],[-117.256,32.7939],[-117.257,32.7953],[-117.26,32.7956],[-117.259,32.7964],[-117.257,32.7972],[-117.262,32.8044],[-117.264,32.8061],[-117.268,32.8072],[-117.269,32.8089],[-117.269,32.8094],[-117.27,32.8105],[-117.273,32.814],[-117.275,32.8183],[-117.277,32.8189],[-117.278,32.8192],[-117.281,32.8214],[-117.281,32.8217],[-117.281,32.8233],[-117.28,32.8259],[-117.28,32.8272],[-117.281,32.8278],[-117.281,32.8284],[-117.281,32.8289],[-117.282,32.83],[-117.283,32.8317],[-117.282,32.8339],[-117.282,32.8351],[-117.27,32.8497],[-117.268,32.8492],[-117.261,32.8536],[-117.258,32.8567],[-117.255,32.8619],[-117.255,32.8625],[-117.257,32.8664],[-117.256,32.8669],[-117.256,32.8667],[-117.254,32.8672],[-117.254,32.8675],[-117.252,32.8736],[-117.252,32.8737],[-117.251,32.8747],[-117.253,32.8822],[-117.255,32.9033],[-117.256,32.905],[-117.258,32.9103],[-117.258,32.9125],[-117.259,32.9136],[-117.259,32.9139],[-117.259,32.915],[-117.259,32.9153],[-117.259,32.92],[-117.261,32.9345],[-117.269,32.9631],[-117.271,32.9736],[-117.271,32.9747],[-117.272,32.9759],[-117.272,32.9781],[-117.274,32.9872],[-117.274,32.9875],[-117.275,32.9908],[-117.275,32.9919],[-117.277,32.9967],[-117.272,33.0047],[-117.264,33.0078],[-117.298,33.0439],[-117.303,33.0589],[-117.309,33.0839],[-117.309,33.0872],[-117.308,33.0841],[-117.306,33.0841],[-117.305,33.0853],[-117.303,33.0867],[-117.303,33.087],[-117.299,33.0873],[-117.298,33.0878],[-117.298,33.0875],[-117.295,33.0875],[-117.292,33.0878],[-117.29,33.0883],[-117.289,33.0886],[-117.275,33.0897],[-117.272,33.0909],[-117.277,33.0922],[-117.277,33.0925],[-117.279,33.0928],[-117.281,33.0911],[-117.281,33.0911],[-117.296,33.0909],[-117.302,33.0919],[-117.303,33.0917],[-117.305,33.0907],[-117.306,33.0898],[-117.308,33.0896],[-117.309,33.0893],[-117.311,33.0886],[-117.315,33.0873],[-117.321,33.1042],[-117.33,33.1236],[-117.335,33.1292],[-117.35,33.1507],[-117.354,33.1565],[-117.354,33.1571],[-117.377,33.1847],[-117.381,33.1903],[-117.396,33.2064],[-117.4,33.2083],[-117.402,33.2114],[-117.403,33.2114],[-117.398,33.2164],[-117.404,33.2058],[-117.407,33.2097],[-117.41,33.2286],[-117.415,33.2333],[-117.416,33.2331],[-117.416,33.2328],[-117.417,33.2339],[-117.421,33.235],[-117.433,33.2511],[-117.446,33.2672],[-117.447,33.2681],[-117.454,33.2764],[-117.461,33.2842],[-117.461,33.2845],[-117.463,33.2875],[-117.47,33.2953],[-117.518,33.3422],[-117.524,33.3472],[-117.528,33.3497],[-117.578,33.38],[-117.582,33.3817],[-117.583,33.3814],[-117.592,33.3842],[-117.58,33.4533],[-117.569,33.4513],[-117.558,33.4511],[-117.542,33.454],[-117.511,33.4698],[-117.511,33.4799],[-117.51,33.5053],[-117.489,33.5045]]],[[[-117.2144,32.7783],[-117.2141,32.7778],[-117.2142,32.7777],[-117.2142,32.7775],[-117.2145,32.7773],[-117.2147,32.7769],[-117.2151,32.7767],[-117.2153,32.7767],[-117.2156,32.7767],[-117.2164,32.7772],[-117.2165,32.7772],[-117.2167,32.7772],[-117.2175,32.7778],[-117.2181,32.7781],[-117.2186,32.7781],[-117.2187,32.7781],[-117.2189,32.7781],[-117.2191,32.7778],[-117.2193,32.7777],[-117.2194,32.7775],[-117.2194,32.7769],[-117.219,32.7765],[-117.2186,32.7761],[-117.2183,32.7756],[-117.2182,32.7755],[-117.218,32.7753],[-117.2178,32.775],[-117.2175,32.7747],[-117.2169,32.7745],[-117.2164,32.7742],[-117.2156,32.7739],[-117.2153,32.7736],[-117.2151,32.7735],[-117.215,32.7734],[-117.2145,32.7731],[-117.2139,32.7728],[-117.2136,32.7728],[-117.213,32.7725],[-117.2125,32.7722],[-117.2122,32.772],[-117.212,32.7715],[-117.2119,32.7714],[-117.2117,32.7708],[-117.2113,32.77],[-117.2116,32.7695],[-117.2119,32.7686],[-117.2133,32.7679],[-117.2134,32.7678],[-117.2137,32.7675],[-117.2139,32.7672],[-117.2144,32.7669],[-117.215,32.7667],[-117.2156,32.7664],[-117.2158,32.7664],[-117.2167,32.7667],[-117.2169,32.7669],[-117.2172,32.7672],[-117.2178,32.7681],[-117.2181,32.7683],[-117.218,32.7686],[-117.2181,32.7689],[-117.2183,32.7697],[-117.2186,32.77],[-117.2192,32.7703],[-117.2197,32.7711],[-117.22,32.7717],[-117.22,32.7722],[-117.22,32.7725],[-117.2203,32.7728],[-117.2206,32.7728],[-117.2208,32.7728],[-117.2211,32.7728],[-117.2214,32.7728],[-117.2219,32.7725],[-117.2222,32.7723],[-117.2222,32.7719],[-117.2219,32.7717],[-117.2217,32.7714],[-117.2214,32.7711],[-117.2211,32.7708],[-117.2208,32.7706],[-117.2206,32.7703],[-117.2197,32.7694],[-117.2195,32.7692],[-117.2195,32.7689],[-117.2197,32.7686],[-117.22,32.7684],[-117.2206,32.7683],[-117.2211,32.7681],[-117.2212,32.7681],[-117.2214,32.7681],[-117.2217,32.7681],[-117.2222,32.7683],[-117.2223,32.7684],[-117.2231,32.7686],[-117.2233,32.7689],[-117.2233,32.769],[-117.2242,32.7692],[-117.2244,32.7692],[-117.2247,32.7692],[-117.2253,32.7694],[-117.2258,32.7697],[-117.2264,32.7697],[-117.2267,32.7697],[-117.2268,32.7697],[-117.2269,32.7697],[-117.2272,32.7697],[-117.2273,32.7697],[-117.2275,32.7697],[-117.2283,32.77],[-117.2286,32.7703],[-117.2289,32.7706],[-117.2289,32.7709],[-117.2289,32.7711],[-117.2286,32.7717],[-117.2284,32.7719],[-117.2281,32.7723],[-117.2278,32.7725],[-117.2275,32.7728],[-117.2274,32.7729],[-117.2267,32.7739],[-117.2264,32.7742],[-117.2261,32.7742],[-117.2258,32.7742],[-117.2256,32.7742],[-117.2253,32.7744],[-117.2253,32.7747],[-117.2253,32.7756],[-117.225,32.7758],[-117.2248,32.7761],[-117.2244,32.7764],[-117.2242,32.7767],[-117.2239,32.7773],[-117.2236,32.7778],[-117.2236,32.7779],[-117.2234,32.7783],[-117.2233,32.7785],[-117.2233,32.7786],[-117.223,32.7792],[-117.223,32.7793],[-117.2225,32.78],[-117.2222,32.7803],[-117.2219,32.7809],[-117.2217,32.7811],[-117.2213,32.7814],[-117.2211,32.7819],[-117.2206,32.7828],[-117.2204,32.7831],[-117.2202,32.7833],[-117.2197,32.7841],[-117.2195,32.7843],[-117.2194,32.7844],[-117.2192,32.785],[-117.2191,32.7851],[-117.2189,32.7856],[-117.2186,32.7858],[-117.2184,32.7864],[-117.2181,32.7867],[-117.2178,32.7875],[-117.2176,32.7877],[-117.2174,32.788],[-117.2173,32.7883],[-117.2169,32.7886],[-117.2163,32.7889],[-117.2162,32.789],[-117.2158,32.7892],[-117.2153,32.7892],[-117.215,32.7892],[-117.2142,32.7889],[-117.2139,32.7886],[-117.2136,32.7883],[-117.2133,32.7881],[-117.213,32.7878],[-117.213,32.7875],[-117.213,32.7872],[-117.2131,32.7869],[-117.2131,32.7867],[-117.2133,32.7864],[-117.2136,32.7861],[-117.2137,32.7861],[-117.2139,32.7858],[-117.2141,32.7855],[-117.2144,32.7855],[-117.2147,32.7853],[-117.2152,32.785],[-117.2153,32.785],[-117.2158,32.7847],[-117.2163,32.7843],[-117.2164,32.7841],[-117.2166,32.7836],[-117.2166,32.7835],[-117.2167,32.7834],[-117.2169,32.7829],[-117.2169,32.7828],[-117.2169,32.7822],[-117.2169,32.7821],[-117.2169,32.782],[-117.2167,32.7813],[-117.2167,32.7811],[-117.2164,32.7808],[-117.2161,32.7806],[-117.2156,32.7803],[-117.215,32.7797],[-117.215,32.7794],[-117.2148,32.7792],[-117.2147,32.7792],[-117.2145,32.7786],[-117.2145,32.7785],[-117.2144,32.7783]]],[[[-117.2328,32.7764],[-117.233,32.7758],[-117.233,32.7756],[-117.233,32.7753],[-117.233,32.775],[-117.233,32.7747],[-117.2331,32.7744],[-117.233,32.7742],[-117.2331,32.7733],[-117.2333,32.7731],[-117.2336,32.7723],[-117.2336,32.7719],[-117.2342,32.7717],[-117.2343,32.7717],[-117.2345,32.7717],[-117.235,32.7714],[-117.2359,32.7711],[-117.2361,32.7711],[-117.2372,32.7711],[-117.2373,32.7711],[-117.2375,32.7711],[-117.2378,32.7711],[-117.2379,32.7711],[-117.238,32.7711],[-117.2386,32.7709],[-117.2389,32.7708],[-117.239,32.7708],[-117.2391,32.7709],[-117.2397,32.7711],[-117.24,32.7714],[-117.2403,32.7717],[-117.2408,32.7725],[-117.2408,32.7727],[-117.2408,32.7728],[-117.2411,32.7733],[-117.2414,32.7739],[-117.2417,32.7742],[-117.2417,32.7744],[-117.2422,32.775],[-117.2425,32.7753],[-117.2428,32.7758],[-117.2428,32.7761],[-117.2425,32.7764],[-117.2425,32.7765],[-117.2414,32.7769],[-117.2412,32.777],[-117.2411,32.777],[-117.2406,32.7772],[-117.2404,32.7773],[-117.2403,32.7773],[-117.24,32.7773],[-117.2398,32.7772],[-117.2397,32.7772],[-117.2389,32.7773],[-117.2386,32.7769],[-117.2386,32.7767],[-117.2383,32.7764],[-117.2381,32.7761],[-117.2379,32.7763],[-117.2378,32.7764],[-117.2375,32.7767],[-117.2375,32.7769],[-117.2375,32.7772],[-117.2375,32.7775],[-117.2374,32.7778],[-117.2373,32.778],[-117.2372,32.778],[-117.237,32.7781],[-117.2367,32.7781],[-117.2365,32.7781],[-117.2364,32.7781],[-117.2361,32.7781],[-117.2359,32.7781],[-117.2347,32.7783],[-117.2345,32.7785],[-117.2344,32.7786],[-117.2339,32.7789],[-117.2337,32.7789],[-117.2336,32.7789],[-117.2331,32.7792],[-117.2328,32.7795],[-117.2325,32.7795],[-117.2322,32.7792],[-117.2322,32.7789],[-117.2322,32.7786],[-117.2325,32.7775],[-117.2328,32.7767],[-117.2328,32.7764]]]]}}]}","contact":"Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
A cellular automata model was developed and parameterized to test the effectiveness of application of biological control insects to water hyacinth (Pontederia crassipes), which is an invasive floating plant species in many parts of the world and outcompetes many submersed native aquatic species in southern Florida. In the model, P. crassipes was allowed to compete with Nuttall’s waterweed (Elodea nuttallii). In the absence of biocontrol acting on the P. crassipes, E. nuttallii excluded P. crassipes at low concentrations of the limiting nutrient (nitrogen), and the reverse occurred at high nutrient concentrations. At intermediate values, alternative stable states could occur; either P. crassipes alone or a mixture of the two species. When the biocontrol agent, the weevil Neochetina eichhorniae, was applied in the model, there was initially a rapid reduction of the P. crassipes, however, over time a regular striped pattern of moving spatially alternating stripes of P. crassipes and E. nuttallii emerged. -This pattern of moving stripes emerged and persisted over thousands of days but could quickly transform into an irregular pattern at some apparently random time, when either external stochasticity (added adult weevils) or only the weak internal stochasticity of weevil movements occurred. The cause of the end of the long transient can be traced to a single slightly irregular pixel within the striped pattern. Model parameters were varied to study effects of plant growth rate, nutrient concentration and nutrient diffusion rate on the dynamics of the system.
Obtaining demographic rates often requires complex open-population capture–mark–recapture (CMR) study designs. Conducting such studies for small-bodied fishes has been limited in part by excessive mortality after tagging procedures and poor tag retention. As new tag types emerge, information regarding fish survival and tag retention over varying time scales may benefit resource managers to effectively plan future CMR studies. The p-Chip microtransponder is a 500- × 500- × 100-μm tag that is inserted subcutaneously and is read with a handheld laser. Each tag contains a nine-digit unique identification number. P-Chip microtransponder tags have been used on a limited number of small-bodied fishes, with relatively high rates observed for fish survival and tag retention. Information on posttagging survival and retention of p-Chip microtransponder tags across a range of small-bodied fish species and tagging locations is needed to inform their effectiveness in future CMR studies.
We quantified survival and tag retention after p-Chip microtransponder implantation in Creek Chub Semotilus atromaculatus and Northern Pearl Dace Margariscus nachtriebi in a laboratory environment, and retention of p-Chip microtransponder tags in Northern Pearl Dace was also quantified over a year-long field study. We marked 56 Creek Chub and 9 Northern Pearl Dace in the laboratory with p-Chip microtransponder tags and compared them to an equal number of unmarked individuals over 90 days. We marked 1990 Northern Pearl Dace and conducted recapture events through four seasons (June, September, and October 2022 and June 2023) in four headwater streams of Nebraska.
Survival for Creek Chub was 85% (standard error [SE] = 5.9) and did not differ from control fish survival (95%; SE = 3.2) in the 90-day laboratory experiment. Survival for Northern Pearl Dace was 89% (SE = 11.0) and did not differ from that of control fish (100%) in the laboratory experiment. Tag retention was 89% (SE = 4.6) for Creek Chub and 100% for Northern Pearl Dace in the laboratory. The p-Chip microtransponder performed well during the CMR field study, with tag retention for Northern Pearl Dace at 94% across 374 days.
Our results suggest that the p-Chip microtransponder minimally affected small-bodied fish survival and had high tag retention in both the laboratory and field studies. Thus, the p-Chip microtransponder tag may be appropriate for use in small-bodied fishes when individual identification is needed in a CMR study.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.11012","usgsCitation":"Spooner, J., and Spurgeon, J.J., 2024, Retention of p-Chip microtransponders and posttagging survival of small-bodied stream fishes: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 44, no. 4, p. 799-811, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.11012.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"799","endPage":"811","ipdsId":"IP-156560","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":433068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spooner, Joseph","contributorId":341173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spooner","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17640,"text":"Nebraska Game and Parks Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spurgeon, Jonathan J. 0000-0002-6888-5867","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6888-5867","contributorId":304259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spurgeon","given":"Jonathan","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70260653,"text":"70260653 - 2024 - Climate driven trends in historical extreme low streamflows on four continents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-06T16:09:59.479296","indexId":"70260653","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-17T10:07:02","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate driven trends in historical extreme low streamflows on four continents","docAbstract":"Understanding temporal trends in low streamflows is important for water management and ecosystems. This work focuses on trends in the occurrence rate of extreme low-flow events (5- to 100-year return periods) for pooled groups of stations. We use data from 1,184 minimally altered catchments in Europe, North and South America, and Australia to discern historical climate-driven trends in extreme low flows (1976–2015 and 1946–2015). The understanding of low streamflows is complicated by different hydrological regimes in cold, transitional, and warm regions. We use a novel classification to define low-flow regimes using air temperature and monthly low-flow frequency. Trends in the annual occurrence rate of extreme low-flow events (proportion of pooled stations each year) were assessed for each regime. Most regimes on multiple continents did not have significant (p < 0.05) trends in the occurrence rate of extreme low streamflows from 1976 to 2015; however, occurrence rates for the cold-season low-flow regime in North America were found to be significantly decreasing for low return-period events. In contrast, there were statistically significant increases for this period in warm regions of NA which were associated with the variation in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Significant decreases in extreme low-flow occurrence rates were dominant from 1946 to 2015 in Europe and NA for both cold- and warm-season low-flow regimes; there were also some non-significant trends. The difference in the results between the shorter (40-year) and longer (70-year) records and between low-flow regimes highlights the complexities of low-flow response to changing climatic conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2022WR034326","usgsCitation":"Hodgkins, G.A., Renard, B., Whitfield, P.H., Laaha, G., Stahl, K., Hannaford, J., Burn, D.H., Westra, S., Fleig, A.K., Lopes, W.T., Murphy, C., Mediero, L., and Hanel, M., 2024, Climate driven trends in historical extreme low streamflows on four continents: Water Resources Research, v. 60, no. 6, e2022WR034326, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR034326.","productDescription":"e2022WR034326, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-147345","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022wr034326","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":463765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":918097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Renard, Benjamin","contributorId":177291,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renard","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whitfield, Paul H.","contributorId":198041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitfield","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laaha, Gregor","contributorId":335609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laaha","given":"Gregor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80445,"text":"University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stahl, Kerstin","contributorId":198044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stahl","given":"Kerstin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hannaford, Jamie","contributorId":198043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hannaford","given":"Jamie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burn, Donald H.","contributorId":198042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burn","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Westra, Seth","contributorId":335610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Westra","given":"Seth","affiliations":[{"id":13368,"text":"University of Adelaide, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fleig, Anne K.","contributorId":198045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fleig","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lopes, Walsczon Terllizzie Araujo","contributorId":335611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopes","given":"Walsczon","email":"","middleInitial":"Terllizzie Araujo","affiliations":[{"id":80446,"text":"National Water and Sanitation Agency, Brazil","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Murphy, Conor","contributorId":198049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Conor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mediero, Luis","contributorId":198047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mediero","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hanel, Martin","contributorId":346109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanel","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70256062,"text":"70256062 - 2024 - Solute export patterns across the contiguous USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-18T14:43:05.641206","indexId":"70256062","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-17T09:38:33","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solute export patterns across the contiguous USA","docAbstract":"Understanding controls on solute export to streams is challenging because heterogeneous catchments can respond uniquely to drivers of environmental change. To understand general solute export patterns, we used a large-scale inductive approach to evaluate concentration–discharge (C–Q) metrics across catchments spanning a broad range of catchment attributes and hydroclimatic drivers. We leveraged paired C–Q data for 11 solutes from CAMELS-Chem, a database built upon an existing dataset of catchment and hydroclimatic attributes from relatively undisturbed catchments across the contiguous USA. Because C–Q relationships with Q thresholds reflect a shift in solute export dynamics and are poorly characterized across solutes and diverse catchments, we analysed C–Q relationships using Bayesian segmented regression to quantify Q thresholds in the C–Q relationship. Threshold responses were rare, representing only 12% of C–Q relationships, 56% of which occurred for solutes predominantly sourced from bedrock. Further, solutes were dominated by one or two C–Q patterns that reflected vertical solute–source distributions. Specifically, solutes predominantly sourced from bedrock had diluting C–Q responses in 43%–70% of catchments, and solutes predominantly sourced from soils had more enrichment responses in 35%–51% of catchments. We also linked C–Q relationships to catchment and hydroclimatic attributes to understand controls on export patterns. The relationships were generally weak despite the diversity of solutes and attribute types considered. However, catchment and hydroclimatic attributes in the central USA typically drove the most divergent export behaviour for solutes. Further, we illustrate how our inductive approach generated new hypotheses that can be tested at discrete, representative catchments using deductive approaches to better understand the processes underlying solute export patterns. Finally, given these long-term C–Q relationships are from minimally disturbed catchments, our findings can be used as benchmarks for change in more disturbed catchments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.15197","usgsCitation":"Kincaid, D.W., Underwood, K.L., Hamshaw, S.D., Li, L., Seybold, E.C., Stewart, B., Rizzo, D.M., Ul Haq, I., and Perdrial, J.N., 2024, Solute export patterns across the contiguous USA: Hydrological Processes, v. 38, no. 6, e15197, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.15197.","productDescription":"e15197, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-155135","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.15197","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":431219,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"contiguous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kincaid, Dustin W. 0000-0003-1640-685X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1640-685X","contributorId":340199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kincaid","given":"Dustin","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Underwood, Kristen L. 0000-0003-3008-3057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3008-3057","contributorId":340200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Underwood","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamshaw, Scott Douglas 0000-0002-0583-4237","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0583-4237","contributorId":305601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamshaw","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"Douglas","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, L.","contributorId":152225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seybold, Erin C. 0000-0002-0365-2333","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0365-2333","contributorId":340201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seybold","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":35641,"text":"Kansas Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stewart, Bryn 0000-0002-3199-0129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3199-0129","contributorId":340202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Bryn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rizzo, Donna M.","contributorId":171679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rizzo","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ul Haq, Ijaz","contributorId":340203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ul Haq","given":"Ijaz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Perdrial, Julia N.","contributorId":177340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perdrial","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70256069,"text":"70256069 - 2024 - Relatively stable pressure effects and time-increasing thermal contraction control Heber geothermal field deformation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-18T14:37:36.425213","indexId":"70256069","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-17T09:30:27","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relatively stable pressure effects and time-increasing thermal contraction control Heber geothermal field deformation","docAbstract":"Due to geological complexities and observational gaps, it is challenging to identify the governing physical processes of geothermal field deformation including ground subsidence and earthquakes. In the west and east regions of the Heber Geothermal Field (HGF), decade-long subsidence was occurring despite injection of heat-depleted brines, along with transient reversals between uplift and subsidence. These observed phenomena contradict current knowledge that injection leads to surface uplift. Here we show that high-yield production wells at the HGF center siphon fluid from surrounding regions, which can cause subsidence at low-rate injection locations. Moreover, the thermal contraction effect by cooling increases with time and eventually overwhelms the pressure effects of pressure fluctuation and poroelastic responses, which keep relatively stable during geothermal operations. The observed subsidence anomalies result from the siphoning effect and thermal contraction. We further demonstrate that thermal contraction dominates long-term trends of surface displacement and seismicity growth, while pressure effects drive near-instantaneous changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-49363-1","usgsCitation":"Jiang, G., Barbour, A.J., Skoumal, R.J., Materna, K.Z., and Crandall-Bear, A., 2024, Relatively stable pressure effects and time-increasing thermal contraction control Heber geothermal field deformation: Nature Communications, v. 15, 5159, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49363-1.","productDescription":"5159, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152355","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49363-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":431218,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Heber geothermal field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.6,\n 32.75\n ],\n [\n -115.6,\n 32.68\n ],\n [\n -115.48,\n 32.68\n ],\n [\n -115.48,\n 32.75\n ],\n [\n -115.6,\n 32.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jiang, Guoyan 0000-0002-6602-7295","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-7295","contributorId":256973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jiang","given":"Guoyan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51926,"text":"CUHK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barbour, Andrew J. 0000-0002-6890-2452","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-2452","contributorId":215339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbour","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skoumal, Robert John 0000-0002-6960-481X rskoumal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6960-481X","contributorId":299165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skoumal","given":"Robert","email":"rskoumal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Materna, Kathryn Zerbe 0000-0002-6687-980X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6687-980X","contributorId":261337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Materna","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"Zerbe","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crandall-Bear, Aren","contributorId":340209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crandall-Bear","given":"Aren","affiliations":[{"id":81505,"text":"Univ Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70255606,"text":"70255606 - 2024 - Visualizing wading bird optimal foraging decisions with aggregation behaviors using individual-based modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-26T13:38:24.914144","indexId":"70255606","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-17T08:36:13","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Visualizing wading bird optimal foraging decisions with aggregation behaviors using individual-based modeling","docAbstract":"Foragers on patchy landscapes must efficiently balance time between searching for and consuming resources to meet their daily energetic requirements. Spatial aggregation foraging behaviors may improve foraging efficiency by sharing information on locations of resource hotspots. Wading birds are an example of patch foragers that form colonial aggregations during the breeding season to obtain sufficient prey energy to sustain themselves and their offspring each day. Here, we describe a spatially-explicit simulation model of wading bird optimal foraging that represents information sharing through visual cues. The overall purpose of the model is to describe how wading bird daily foraging and reproductive success may change with alternative water control management practices that determine spatial availability of prey for wading birds on the landscape, throughout their breeding seasons. Wading birds are simulated as individuals that operate independently, sampling and selecting among patches based on a prey density tolerance threshold, but also use information from other birds to inform their selection decisions. Foraging success is evaluated against the fundamental objectives of (a) fulfilling daily energetic demands and (b) minimizing predation exposure, by tracking individual daily energetic intake and time spent foraging. In this way, the model approximates population level dynamics of wading bird aggregations that emerge through collective decision making of birds simulated at the lower individual level. Key results of this study suggest that aggregation behaviors may improve population-level foraging success rates, and the optimal settling threshold may modulate when resources become more scarce or difficult to find. Thus, the model addresses ecological theory on the advantages of foraging in groups versus independently. This technique is appropriate for evaluating wading bird populations that forage on patchy landscapes, such as seasonally-pulsed wetlands, wherever sufficient information is available to describe (1) foraging behavior (e.g., feeding rate, flight speeds, patch selection decisions), (2) key landscape characteristics, (3) spatial distributions of prey densities among foraging patches, and (4) changes in prey densities through time. The model was designed to predict qualitative, testable spatial patterns of wading bird foraging movements which can be compared with empirical observations and empirically-derived habitat suitability models. These techniques can also be applied to other bird species, such as shorebirds, or more generally to any species that transits between discrete foraging patches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2024.110702","usgsCitation":"Yurek, S., DeAngelis, D.L., Lee, H.W., and Tennenbaum, S., 2024, Visualizing wading bird optimal foraging decisions with aggregation behaviors using individual-based modeling: Ecological Modelling, v. 493, 110702, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2024.110702.","productDescription":"110702, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153166","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488830,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2024.110702","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430522,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"493","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yurek, Simeon 0000-0002-6209-7915","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-7915","contributorId":216738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yurek","given":"Simeon","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":904925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":148065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":904926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Hyo Won","contributorId":292184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Hyo","email":"","middleInitial":"Won","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tennenbaum, Stephen","contributorId":292180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tennenbaum","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70261093,"text":"70261093 - 2024 - Observed and potential range shifts of native and non-native species with climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-22T15:36:43.493314","indexId":"70261093","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-17T08:25:57","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":808,"text":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observed and potential range shifts of native and non-native species with climate change","docAbstract":"There is broad concern that the range shifts of global flora and fauna will not keep up with climate change, increasing the likelihood of population declines and extinctions. Many populations of nonnative species already have advantages over native species, including widespread human-aided dispersal and release from natural enemies. But do nonnative species also have an advantage with climate change? Here, we review observed and potential range shifts for native and nonnative species globally. We show that nonnative species are expanding their ranges orders of magnitude faster than native species, reflecting both traits that enable rapid spread and ongoing human-mediated introduction. We further show that nonnative species have large potential ranges and range expansions with climate change, likely due to a combination of widespread introduction and broader climatic tolerances. With faster spread rates and larger potential to persist or expand, nonnative populations have a decided advantage in a changing climate.","language":"English","publisher":"Annual Reviews","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102722-013135","usgsCitation":"Bradley, B., Beaury, E.M., Gallardo, B., Ibáñez, I., Jarnevich, C.S., Morelli, T.L., Sofaer, H., Sorte, C.J., and Vilà, M., 2024, Observed and potential range shifts of native and non-native species with climate change: Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, v. 55, p. 23-40, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102722-013135.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"40","ipdsId":"IP-163268","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102722-013135","text":"External Repository"},{"id":464440,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Bethany A. 0000-0003-4912-4971","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4912-4971","contributorId":299998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Bethany A.","affiliations":[{"id":64995,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beaury, Evelyn M.","contributorId":236820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beaury","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gallardo, Belinda","contributorId":332551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gallardo","given":"Belinda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79489,"text":"Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ibáñez, Inés","contributorId":236768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ibáñez","given":"Inés","affiliations":[{"id":37387,"text":"University of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morelli, Toni Lyn 0000-0001-5865-5294 tmorelli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5865-5294","contributorId":197458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morelli","given":"Toni","email":"tmorelli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lyn","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sofaer, Helen 0000-0002-9450-5223","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-5223","contributorId":216681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sofaer","given":"Helen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sorte, Cascade J.B. 0000-0003-0952-951X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0952-951X","contributorId":346475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sorte","given":"Cascade","email":"","middleInitial":"J.B.","affiliations":[{"id":6976,"text":"University of California, Irvine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vilà, Montserrat","contributorId":331419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vilà","given":"Montserrat","affiliations":[{"id":64996,"text":"University of Sevilla","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ]}