{"pageNumber":"1600","pageRowStart":"39975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":41062,"records":[{"id":2846,"text":"wsp2027 - 1974 - Analog model study of the ground-water basin of the Upper Coachella Valley, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47981,"text":"ofr71287 - 1971 - Analog model study of the ground-water basin of the upper Coachella Valley, California","indexId":"ofr71287","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"title":"Analog model study of the ground-water basin of the upper Coachella Valley, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2846,"text":"wsp2027 - 1974 - Analog model study of the ground-water basin of the Upper Coachella Valley, California","indexId":"wsp2027","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"title":"Analog model study of the ground-water basin of the Upper Coachella Valley, California"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:30","indexId":"wsp2027","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2027","title":"Analog model study of the ground-water basin of the Upper Coachella Valley, California","docAbstract":"An analog model of the ground-water basin of the upper Coachella Valley was constructed to determine the effects of imported water on ground-water levels. The model was considered verified when the ground-water levels generated by the model approximated the historical change in water levels of the ground-water basin caused by man's activities for the period 1986-67. The ground-water basin was almost unaffected by man's activities until about 1945 when ground-water development caused the water levels to begin to decline. The Palm Springs area has had the largest water-level decline, 75 feet since 1986, because of large pumpage, reduced natural inflow from the San Gorgonio Pass area, and diversions of natural inflows at Snow and Falls Creeks and Chino Canyon starting in 1945. The San Gorgonio Pass inflow had been reduced from about 18,000 acre-feet in 1986 to about 9,000 acre-feet by 1967 because of increased ground-water pumpage in the San Gorgonio Pass area, dewatering of the San Gorgonio Pass area that took place when the tunnel for the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California was drilled, and diversions of surface inflow at Snow and Falls Creeks. In addition, 1944-64 was a period of below-normal precipitation which, in part, contributed to the declines in water levels in the Coachella Valley. The Desert Hot Springs, Garnet Hill, and Mission Creek subbasins have had relatively little development; consequently, the water-level declines have been small, ranging from 5 to 15 feet since 1986. In the Point Happy area a decline of about 2 feet per year continued until 1949 when delivery of Colorado River water to the lower valley through the Coachella Canal was initiated. Since 1949 the water levels in the Point Happy area have been rising and by 1967 were above their 1986 levels. \r\n\r\nThe Whitewater River subbasin includes the largest aquifer in the basin, having sustained ground-water pumpage of about 740,000 acre-feet from 1986 to 1967, and will probably continue to provide the most significant supply of ground water for the upper valley. The total ground-water storage depletion for the entire upper valley for 1986-67 was about 600,000 acre-feet, an average storage decrease of about 25,000 acre-feet per year since 1945. \r\n\r\nTransmissivity for the Whitewater River subbasin ranges from 860,000 gallons per day per foot (near Point Happy) to 50,000 gallons per day per foot, with most of the subbasin about 800,000 gallons per day per foot. In contrast, the transmissivities of the Desert Hot Springs, Mission Creek, and Garnet Hill subbasins generally range from 2,000 to 100,000, but the highest value, beneath the Mission Creek streambed deposits, is 200,000 gallons per day per foot; the transmissivity for most of the area of th6 three subbasins is 80,000 gallons per day per foot.\r\n\r\nThe storage coefficients are representative of water-table conditions, ranging from 0.18 beneath the Mission Creek stream deposits to 0.06 in the Palm Springs area. \r\n\r\nThe model indicated that the outflow at Point Happy decreased from 50,000 acre-feet in 1936 to 30,000 acre-feet by 1967 as a result of the rising water levels in the lower valley. \r\n\r\nThe most logical area to recharge the Colorado River water is the Windy Point-Whitewater area, where adequate percolation rates of 2-4 acre-feet per acre per day are probable. The Whitewater River bed may be the best location to spread the water if the largest part of the imported water can be recharged during low-flow periods. The area in sec. 21, T. 2 S., R. 4 E., would be adequate for the smaller quantities of recharge proposed for the Mission Creek area. \r\n\r\nProjected pumpage for the period 1968-2000 was programmed on the model with the proposed recharge of Colorado River water for the same period. The model indicated a maximum water-level increase of 200 feet above the 1967 water level at Windy Point, the proposed recharge site, by the year 2000, a 130-foot increase by 1990, and a 20-foot increas","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2027","usgsCitation":"Tyley, S.J., 1974, Analog model study of the ground-water basin of the Upper Coachella Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2027, v, 77 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2027.","productDescription":"v, 77 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138697,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2027/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29418,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2027/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6837f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tyley, Stephen J.","contributorId":35355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyley","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4146,"text":"cir460E - 1974 - Water quality of hydrologic bench marks; an indicator of water quality in the natural environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-06T14:16:48","indexId":"cir460E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"460","chapter":"E","title":"Water quality of hydrologic bench marks; an indicator of water quality in the natural environment","docAbstract":"

Water-quality data, collected at 57 hydrologic bench-mark stations in 37 States, allow the definition of water quality in the 'natural' environment and the comparison of 'natural' water quality with water quality of major streams draining similar water-resources regions. Results indicate that water quality in the 'natural' environment is generally very good. Streams draining hydrologic bench-mark basins generally contain low concentrations of dissolved constituents. Water collected at the hydrologic bench-mark stations was analyzed for the following minor metals: arsenic, barium, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, silver, and zinc. Of 642 analyses, about 65 percent of the observed concentrations were zero. Only three samples contained metals in excess of U.S. Public Health Service recommended drinking-water standards--two selenium concentrations and one cadmium concentration. A total of 213 samples were analyzed for 11 pesticidal compounds. Widespread but very low-level occurrence of pesticide residues in the 'natural' environment was found--about 30 percent of all samples contained low-level concentrations of pesticidal compounds. The DDT family of pesticides occurred most commonly, accounting for 75 percent of the detected occurrences. The highest observed concentration of DDT was 0.06 microgram per litre, well below the recommended maximum permissible in drinking water. Nitrate concentrations in the 'natural' environment generally varied from 0.2 to 0.5 milligram per litre. The average concentration of nitrate in many major streams is as much as 10 times greater. The relationship between dissolved-solids concentration and discharge per unit area in the 'natural' environment for the various physical divisions in the United States has been shown to be an applicable tool for approximating 'natural' water quality. The relationship between dissolved-solids concentration and discharge per unit area is applicable in all the physical divisions of the United States, except the Central Lowland province of the Interior Plains, the Great Plains province of the Interior Plains, and the Basin and Ridge province of the Intermontane Plateaus. The relationship between dissolved-solids concentration and discharge per unit area is least variable in the New England province and Blue Ridge province of the Appalachian Highlands. The dissolved-solids concentration versus discharge per unit area in the Central Lowland province of the Interior Plains is highly variable. A sample collected from the hydrologic bench-mark station at Bear Den Creek near Mandaree, N. Dak., contained 3,420 milligrams per litre dissolved solids. This high concentration in the 'natural' environment indicates that natural processes can be principal agents in modifying the environment and can cause degradation. Average annual runoff and rock type can be used as predictive tools to determine the maximum dissolved-solids concentration expected in the 'natural' environment.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir460E","usgsCitation":"Biesecker, J.E., and Leifeste, D.K., 1974, Water quality of hydrologic bench marks; an indicator of water quality in the natural environment: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 460, iv, 21 p. :ill. ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir460E.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p. :ill. ;26 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1974/0460e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31252,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1974/0460e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-66.28243,18.51476],[-65.7713,18.42668],[-65.591,18.22803],[-65.84716,17.97591],[-66.59993,17.98182],[-67.18416,17.94655],[-67.24243,18.37446],[-67.10068,18.5206],[-66.28243,18.51476]]],[[[-155.54211,19.08348],[-155.68817,18.91619],[-155.93665,19.05939],[-155.90806,19.33888],[-156.07347,19.70294],[-156.02368,19.81422],[-155.85008,19.97729],[-155.91907,20.17395],[-155.86108,20.26721],[-155.78505,20.2487],[-155.40214,20.07975],[-155.22452,19.99302],[-155.06226,19.8591],[-154.80741,19.50871],[-154.83147,19.45328],[-155.22217,19.23972],[-155.54211,19.08348]]],[[[-156.07926,20.64397],[-156.41445,20.57241],[-156.58673,20.783],[-156.70167,20.8643],[-156.71055,20.92676],[-156.61258,21.01249],[-156.25711,20.91745],[-155.99566,20.76404],[-156.07926,20.64397]]],[[[-156.75824,21.17684],[-156.78933,21.06873],[-157.32521,21.09777],[-157.25027,21.21958],[-156.75824,21.17684]]],[[[-157.65283,21.32217],[-157.70703,21.26442],[-157.7786,21.27729],[-158.12667,21.31244],[-158.2538,21.53919],[-158.29265,21.57912],[-158.0252,21.71696],[-157.94161,21.65272],[-157.65283,21.32217]]],[[[-159.34512,21.982],[-159.46372,21.88299],[-159.80051,22.06533],[-159.74877,22.1382],[-159.5962,22.23618],[-159.36569,22.21494],[-159.34512,21.982]]],[[[-94.81758,49.38905],[-94.64,48.84],[-94.32914,48.67074],[-93.63087,48.60926],[-92.61,48.45],[-91.64,48.14],[-90.83,48.27],[-89.6,48.01],[-89.27292,48.01981],[-88.37811,48.30292],[-87.43979,47.94],[-86.46199,47.55334],[-85.65236,47.22022],[-84.87608,46.90008],[-84.77924,46.6371],[-84.54375,46.53868],[-84.6049,46.4396],[-84.3367,46.40877],[-84.14212,46.51223],[-84.09185,46.27542],[-83.89077,46.11693],[-83.61613,46.11693],[-83.46955,45.99469],[-83.59285,45.81689],[-82.55092,45.34752],[-82.33776,44.44],[-82.13764,43.57109],[-82.43,42.98],[-82.9,42.43],[-83.12,42.08],[-83.142,41.97568],[-83.02981,41.8328],[-82.69009,41.67511],[-82.43928,41.67511],[-81.27775,42.20903],[-80.24745,42.3662],[-78.93936,42.86361],[-78.92,42.965],[-79.01,43.27],[-79.17167,43.46634],[-78.72028,43.62509],[-77.73789,43.62906],[-76.82003,43.62878],[-76.5,44.01846],[-76.375,44.09631],[-75.31821,44.81645],[-74.867,45.00048],[-73.34783,45.00738],[-71.50506,45.0082],[-71.405,45.255],[-71.08482,45.30524],[-70.66,45.46],[-70.305,45.915],[-69.99997,46.69307],[-69.23722,47.44778],[-68.905,47.185],[-68.23444,47.35486],[-67.79046,47.06636],[-67.79134,45.70281],[-67.13741,45.13753],[-66.96466,44.8097],[-68.03252,44.3252],[-69.06,43.98],[-70.11617,43.68405],[-70.64548,43.09024],[-70.81489,42.8653],[-70.825,42.335],[-70.495,41.805],[-70.08,41.78],[-70.185,42.145],[-69.88497,41.92283],[-69.96503,41.63717],[-70.64,41.475],[-71.12039,41.49445],[-71.86,41.32],[-72.295,41.27],[-72.87643,41.22065],[-73.71,40.9311],[-72.24126,41.11948],[-71.945,40.93],[-73.345,40.63],[-73.982,40.628],[-73.95232,40.75075],[-74.25671,40.47351],[-73.96244,40.42763],[-74.17838,39.70926],[-74.90604,38.93954],[-74.98041,39.1964],[-75.20002,39.24845],[-75.52805,39.4985],[-75.32,38.96],[-75.07183,38.78203],[-75.05673,38.40412],[-75.37747,38.01551],[-75.94023,37.21689],[-76.03127,37.2566],[-75.72205,37.93705],[-76.23287,38.31921],[-76.35,39.15],[-76.54272,38.71762],[-76.32933,38.08326],[-76.99,38.23999],[-76.30162,37.91794],[-76.25874,36.9664],[-75.9718,36.89726],[-75.86804,36.55125],[-75.72749,35.55074],[-76.36318,34.80854],[-77.39763,34.51201],[-78.05496,33.92547],[-78.55435,33.86133],[-79.06067,33.49395],[-79.20357,33.15839],[-80.30132,32.50935],[-80.86498,32.0333],[-81.33629,31.44049],[-81.49042,30.72999],[-81.31371,30.03552],[-80.98,29.18],[-80.53558,28.47213],[-80.53,28.04],[-80.05654,26.88],[-80.08801,26.20576],[-80.13156,25.81677],[-80.38103,25.20616],[-80.68,25.08],[-81.17213,25.20126],[-81.33,25.64],[-81.71,25.87],[-82.24,26.73],[-82.70515,27.49504],[-82.85526,27.88624],[-82.65,28.55],[-82.93,29.1],[-83.70959,29.93656],[-84.1,30.09],[-85.10882,29.63615],[-85.28784,29.68612],[-85.7731,30.15261],[-86.4,30.4],[-87.53036,30.27433],[-88.41782,30.3849],[-89.18049,30.31598],[-89.59383,30.15999],[-89.41373,29.89419],[-89.43,29.48864],[-89.21767,29.29108],[-89.40823,29.15961],[-89.77928,29.30714],[-90.15463,29.11743],[-90.88022,29.14854],[-91.62678,29.677],[-92.49906,29.5523],[-93.22637,29.78375],[-93.84842,29.71363],[-94.69,29.48],[-95.60026,28.73863],[-96.59404,28.30748],[-97.14,27.83],[-97.37,27.38],[-97.38,26.69],[-97.33,26.21],[-97.14,25.87],[-97.53,25.84],[-98.24,26.06],[-99.02,26.37],[-99.3,26.84],[-99.52,27.54],[-100.11,28.11],[-100.45584,28.69612],[-100.9576,29.38071],[-101.6624,29.7793],[-102.48,29.76],[-103.11,28.97],[-103.94,29.27],[-104.45697,29.57196],[-104.70575,30.12173],[-105.03737,30.64402],[-105.63159,31.08383],[-106.1429,31.39995],[-106.50759,31.75452],[-108.24,31.75485],[-108.24194,31.34222],[-109.035,31.34194],[-111.02361,31.33472],[-113.30498,32.03914],[-114.815,32.52528],[-114.72139,32.72083],[-115.99135,32.61239],[-117.12776,32.53534],[-117.29594,33.04622],[-117.944,33.62124],[-118.4106,33.74091],[-118.51989,34.02778],[-119.081,34.078],[-119.43884,34.34848],[-120.36778,34.44711],[-120.62286,34.60855],[-120.74433,35.15686],[-121.71457,36.16153],[-122.54747,37.55176],[-122.51201,37.78339],[-122.95319,38.11371],[-123.7272,38.95166],[-123.86517,39.76699],[-124.39807,40.3132],[-124.17886,41.14202],[-124.2137,41.99964],[-124.53284,42.76599],[-124.14214,43.70838],[-124.02053,44.6159],[-123.89893,45.52341],[-124.07963,46.86475],[-124.39567,47.72017],[-124.68721,48.18443],[-124.5661,48.37971],[-123.12,48.04],[-122.58736,47.096],[-122.34,47.36],[-122.5,48.18],[-122.84,49],[-120,49],[-117.03121,49],[-116.04818,49],[-113,49],[-110.05,49],[-107.05,49],[-104.04826,48.99986],[-100.65,49],[-97.22872,49.0007],[-95.15907,49],[-95.15609,49.38425],[-94.81758,49.38905]]],[[[-153.00631,57.11584],[-154.00509,56.73468],[-154.5164,56.99275],[-154.67099,57.4612],[-153.76278,57.81657],[-153.22873,57.96897],[-152.56479,57.90143],[-152.14115,57.59106],[-153.00631,57.11584]]],[[[-165.57916,59.90999],[-166.19277,59.75444],[-166.84834,59.94141],[-167.45528,60.21307],[-166.46779,60.38417],[-165.67443,60.29361],[-165.57916,59.90999]]],[[[-171.73166,63.78252],[-171.11443,63.59219],[-170.49111,63.69498],[-169.68251,63.43112],[-168.68944,63.29751],[-168.77194,63.1886],[-169.52944,62.97693],[-170.29056,63.19444],[-170.67139,63.37582],[-171.55306,63.31779],[-171.79111,63.40585],[-171.73166,63.78252]]],[[[-155.06779,71.14778],[-154.34417,70.69641],[-153.90001,70.88999],[-152.21001,70.82999],[-152.27,70.60001],[-150.73999,70.43002],[-149.72,70.53001],[-147.61336,70.21403],[-145.68999,70.12001],[-144.92001,69.98999],[-143.58945,70.15251],[-142.07251,69.85194],[-140.98599,69.712],[-140.9925,66.00003],[-140.99777,60.3064],[-140.013,60.27684],[-139.039,60.00001],[-138.34089,59.56211],[-137.4525,58.905],[-136.47972,59.46389],[-135.47583,59.78778],[-134.945,59.27056],[-134.27111,58.86111],[-133.35555,58.41029],[-132.73042,57.69289],[-131.70781,56.55212],[-130.00778,55.91583],[-129.97999,55.285],[-130.53611,54.80275],[-131.08582,55.17891],[-131.96721,55.49778],[-132.25001,56.37],[-133.53918,57.17889],[-134.07806,58.12307],[-135.03821,58.18771],[-136.62806,58.21221],[-137.80001,58.5],[-139.86779,59.53776],[-140.82527,59.72752],[-142.57444,60.08445],[-143.95888,59.99918],[-145.92556,60.45861],[-147.11437,60.88466],[-148.22431,60.67299],[-148.01807,59.97833],[-148.57082,59.91417],[-149.72786,59.70566],[-150.60824,59.36821],[-151.71639,59.15582],[-151.85943,59.74498],[-151.40972,60.7258],[-150.34694,61.03359],[-150.62111,61.28442],[-151.89584,60.7272],[-152.57833,60.06166],[-154.01917,59.35028],[-153.28751,58.86473],[-154.23249,58.14637],[-155.30749,57.72779],[-156.30833,57.42277],[-156.5561,56.97998],[-158.11722,56.46361],[-158.43332,55.99415],[-159.60333,55.56669],[-160.28972,55.64358],[-161.22305,55.36473],[-162.23777,55.02419],[-163.06945,54.68974],[-164.78557,54.40417],[-164.94223,54.57222],[-163.84834,55.03943],[-162.87,55.34804],[-161.80417,55.89499],[-160.5636,56.00805],[-160.07056,56.41806],[-158.68444,57.01668],[-158.4611,57.21692],[-157.72277,57.57],[-157.55027,58.32833],[-157.04167,58.91888],[-158.19473,58.6158],[-158.51722,58.78778],[-159.05861,58.42419],[-159.71167,58.93139],[-159.98129,58.57255],[-160.35527,59.07112],[-161.355,58.67084],[-161.96889,58.67166],[-162.05499,59.26693],[-161.87417,59.63362],[-162.51806,59.98972],[-163.81834,59.79806],[-164.66222,60.26748],[-165.34639,60.5075],[-165.35083,61.0739],[-166.12138,61.50002],[-165.73445,62.075],[-164.91918,62.63308],[-164.56251,63.14638],[-163.75333,63.21945],[-163.06722,63.05946],[-162.26056,63.54194],[-161.53445,63.45582],[-160.77251,63.76611],[-160.95834,64.2228],[-161.51807,64.40279],[-160.77778,64.7886],[-161.39193,64.77724],[-162.45305,64.55944],[-162.75779,64.33861],[-163.54639,64.55916],[-164.96083,64.44695],[-166.42529,64.68667],[-166.845,65.0889],[-168.11056,65.67],[-166.70527,66.08832],[-164.47471,66.57666],[-163.65251,66.57666],[-163.7886,66.07721],[-161.67777,66.11612],[-162.48971,66.73557],[-163.71972,67.11639],[-164.43099,67.61634],[-165.39029,68.04277],[-166.76444,68.35888],[-166.20471,68.88303],[-164.43081,68.91554],[-163.16861,69.37111],[-162.93057,69.85806],[-161.9089,70.33333],[-160.9348,70.44769],[-159.03918,70.89164],[-158.11972,70.82472],[-156.58082,71.35776],[-155.06779,71.14778]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"United States\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f99ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biesecker, James E.","contributorId":104042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biesecker","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leifeste, Donald K.","contributorId":11595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leifeste","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":16469,"text":"ofr74255 - 1974 - Simulated effects of oil-shale development on the hydrology of Piceance basin, Colorado","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":16469,"text":"ofr74255 - 1974 - Simulated effects of oil-shale development on the hydrology of Piceance basin, Colorado","indexId":"ofr74255","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"title":"Simulated effects of oil-shale development on the hydrology of Piceance basin, Colorado"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5920,"text":"pp908 - 1974 - Simulated effects of oil-shale development on the hydrology of Piceance Basin, Colorado","indexId":"pp908","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"title":"Simulated effects of oil-shale development on the hydrology of Piceance Basin, Colorado"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":5920,"text":"pp908 - 1974 - Simulated effects of oil-shale development on the hydrology of Piceance Basin, Colorado","indexId":"pp908","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"title":"Simulated effects of oil-shale development on the hydrology of Piceance Basin, Colorado"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-24T18:45:02.003408","indexId":"ofr74255","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-255","title":"Simulated effects of oil-shale development on the hydrology of Piceance basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"

The Piceance and Yellow Creeks drainage area is about 900 square miles (2,330 square kilometres) and is referred to as the Piceance basin, or simply as the basin. The surface-water and ground-water systems in the Piceance basin are intimately related. The annual volume of runoff from the basin (Piceance and Yellow Creeks) is estimated to be 15,650 acre-feet (19.2 cubic hectometres). About 80 percent of the annual runoff is supplied by ground-water discharge.

Runoff from the basin is affected by irrigation diversions and consumptive use by crops, native vegetation, and evporation. Streamflow depletions resulting from irrigation are estimated to be 4,800 acre-feet (5.9 cubic hectometres) per year. In the absence of irrigation, the mean annual runoff from the basin would be 20,450 acre-feet (25.2 cubic hectometres). The period of lowest flow normally occurs during spring and summer when irrigation diversions are greatest. Peak flows from snowmelt and thunderstorms also occur during this period. A regional analysis, using the index-flood method, was made to estimate flood frequencies in the absence of irrigation diversions for the gaging stations Piceance Creek at White River and Yellow Creek near White River. The estimated mean annual floods are 800 cubic feet per second (22.7 cubic metres per second) for Piceance Creek and 390 cubic feet per second (11.0 cubic metres per second) for Yellow Creek. The peak flow observed during the 5 years of record on Piceance Creek at White River was 407 cubic feet per second (11.5 cubic metres per second) or about one-half the estimated mean annual flood. Yellow Creek is only slightly affected by irrigation diversions and the peak flow for the single year of record was 468 cubic feet per second (13.3 cubic metres per second).

Irrigation return flows and ground-water discharge affect the quality of surface water in the Piceance basin. The concentration of dissolved solids ranges from less than 500 milligrams per litre in the upper reaches to more than 5,000 milligrams per litre in the lower reaches of Piceance Creek and from about 700 to 3,000 milligrams per litre in Yellow Creek. Water quality decreases in the downstream direction due to ground-water discharge from the Green River and Uinta Formations.

The ground-water system in the basin consists of two principal aquifers separated by the Mahogany zone in the Green River Formation. Recharge to the aquifers occurs mainly from snowmelt along the basin margins above 7,000 feet (2,130 metres) altitude. Ground water flows from the basin margins toward the north-central part of the basin where it is discharged in Piceance and Yellow Creek valleys as evapotranspiration and streamflow. Recharge and discharge from the aquifer system are estimated to average 26,100 acre-feet (32.2 cubic hectometres) annually. About 20 percent of the recharge is discharged in Yellow Creek drainage. Estimates of the volume of water in storage in the aquifers range from 2.5 to 25 million acre-feet (3,100 to 31,000 cubic hectometres).

Sodium minerals in the aquifer below the Mahogany zone are actively being dissolved by ground water. The Mahogany zone impedes the flow of water between the aquifers and large chemical differences have developed. Water in the upper aquifer generally has less than 2,000 millgrams per litre dissolved solids while that in the lower aquifer exceeds 30,000 milligrams per litre dissolved solids in the northern part of the basin.

Digital models were used to simulate the hydrologic system. A watershed model was adapted to the drainage above the gage on Piceance Creek below Ryan Gulch to evaluate the possible effects of precipitation changes on the hydrologic system due to the introduction of atmospheric pollutants from oil-shale development or cloud seeding. A 10-percent decrease and 10- and 20-percent increases in the October to May precipitation were examined. It was found that each 10-percent change in precipitation results in a 40-percent change in ground-water recharge. The model study indicates that a 10-percent decrease in October-May precipitation results in a 30-percent decrease in mean annual runoff while 10-and 20-percent increases in precipitation result in 40- and 85 percent increases in mean annual runoff.

A digital model of the ground-water system was used to evaluate the effects of mine dewatering on the hydrologic system. Hypothetical mines in oil-shale lease tracts C-a and C-b were considered. Both mines were assumed to be in the Mahogany zone and to be 4 square miles (5.2 square kilometres) in area. Dewatering of the mines was assumed to occur simultaneously for a period of 30 years. For the hypothetical dewatering scheme simulated, the model study indicates that the mine in tract C-a will not produce enough water to meet the demand for processing and disposal of oil shale while the mine in tract C-b will produce water in excess of the demand. The concentration of dissolved solids of the water discharged from the mines may not exceed 5,000 milligrams per litre for the hypothetical dewatering scheme considered.

Dewatering the hypothetical mines will only slightly affect groundwater discharge in the Yellow Creek drainage. However, after 30 years of dewatering, the model indicates that ground-water discharge will cease in a 10-mile (16-kilometre) reach of Piceance Creek near tract C-b.

The decrease in ground-water discharge in this reach could cause an increase in the concentration of dissolved solids in the downstream reach of Piceance Creek. After 30 years of dewatering, the hydraulic head in the aquifers is decreased in 75 percent of the basin area and about 500,000 acre-feet (620 cubic hectometres) of water are removed from storage in the aquifers.

It is concluded that oil-shale development will have significant effects on the surface- and ground-waters systems in the Piceance basin.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr74255","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Weeks, J., Leavesley, G.H., Welder, F.A., and Saulnier, G.J., 1974, Simulated effects of oil-shale development on the hydrology of Piceance basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-255, ix, 142 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74255.","productDescription":"ix, 142 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422907,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0255/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0255/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Piceance basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.97161944613201,\n 40.667915697093264\n ],\n [\n -108.97161944613201,\n 39.34681427946842\n ],\n [\n -107.64227374300692,\n 39.34681427946842\n ],\n [\n -107.64227374300692,\n 40.667915697093264\n ],\n [\n -108.97161944613201,\n 40.667915697093264\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f35b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weeks, John B.","contributorId":36123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leavesley, George H. george@usgs.gov","contributorId":1202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"George","email":"george@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":172900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Welder, Frank A.","contributorId":32173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welder","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saulnier, George J. Jr.","contributorId":108133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saulnier","given":"George","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":15326,"text":"ofr74344 - 1974 - Storage of low-level radioactive wastes in the ground; hydrogeologic and hydrochemical factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:48","indexId":"ofr74344","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-344","title":"Storage of low-level radioactive wastes in the ground; hydrogeologic and hydrochemical factors","docAbstract":"The status of mathematical simulation techniques, as they apply to radioactive waste burial sites, is briefly reviewed, and hydrogeologic and hydrochemical data needs are listed in order of increasing difficulty and cost of acquisition. Predictive modeling, monitoring, and management of radionuclides dissolved and transported by ground water can best be done for sites in relatively simple hydrogeologic settings; namely, in unfaulted relatively flat-lying strata of intermediate permeability such as silt, siltstone and silty sandstone. In contrast, dense fractured or soluble media, and poorly permeable porous media (aquitards) are not suitable for use as burial sites, first because of media heterogeneity and difficulties of sampling, and consequently of predictive modeling, and second, because in humid zones burial trenches in aquitards may overflow. A buffer zone several thousands of feet to perhaps several miles around existing or proposed sites is a mandatory consequence of the site selection criteria. As a specific example, the Maxey Flats, Kentucky low-level waste disposal site is examined. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr74344","usgsCitation":"Papadopulos, S.S., and Winograd, I.J., 1974, Storage of low-level radioactive wastes in the ground; hydrogeologic and hydrochemical factors: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-344, iv, 49 leaves :maps ;27 cm.; (51 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74344.","productDescription":"iv, 49 leaves :maps ;27 cm.; (51 p. - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0344/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44256,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0344/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b30e4b07f02db6b40b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Papadopulos, Stavros Stefanu","contributorId":31399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papadopulos","given":"Stavros","email":"","middleInitial":"Stefanu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winograd, Isaac Judah","contributorId":9233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winograd","given":"Isaac","email":"","middleInitial":"Judah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":16671,"text":"ofr7453 - 1974 - Reconnaissance engineering geology of Sitka and vicinity, Alaska, with emphasis on evaluation of earthquake and other geologic hazards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:17","indexId":"ofr7453","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-53","title":"Reconnaissance engineering geology of Sitka and vicinity, Alaska, with emphasis on evaluation of earthquake and other geologic hazards","docAbstract":"A program to study the engineering geology of most of the larger Alaska coastal communities and to evaluate their earthquake and other geologic hazards was started following the 1964 Alaska earthquake; this report about Sitka and vicinity is a product of that program. Field-study methods were of a reconnaissance nature, and thus the interpretations in the report are subject to revision as further information becomes available. This report can provide broad geologic guidelines for planners and engineers during preparation of land-use plans. The use of this information should lead to minimizing future loss of life and property due to geologic hazards, especially during very large earthquakes. \r\n\r\nLandscape of Sitka and surrounding area is characterized by numerous islands and a narrow strip of gently rolling ground adjacent to rugged mountains; steep valleys and some fiords cut sharply into the mountains. A few valley floors are wide and flat and grade into moderate-sized deltas. \r\n\r\nGlaciers throughout southeastern Alaska and elsewhere became vastly enlarged during the Pleistocene Epoch. The Sitka area presumably was covered by ice several times; glaciers deeply eroded some valleys and removed fractured bedrock along some faults. The last major deglaciation occurred sometime before 10,000 years ago. Crustal rebound believed to be related to glacial melting caused land emergence at Sitka of at least 35 feet (10.7 m) relative to present sea level. \r\n\r\nBedrock at Sitka and vicinity is composed mostly of bedded, hard, dense graywacke and some argillite. Beds strike predominantly northwest and are vertical or steeply dipping. Locally, bedded rocks are cut by dikes of fine-grained igneous rock. Host bedrock is of Jurassic and Cretaceous age. \r\n\r\nEight types of surficial deposits of Quaternary age were recognized. Below altitudes of 3S feet (10.7 m), the dominant deposits are those of modern and elevated shores and deltas; at higher altitudes, widespread muskeg overlies a mantle of volcanic ash which commonly overlies glacial drift. Alluvial deposits are minor. Man-emplaced embankment fill, chiefly sandy gravel, covers many muskeg and former offshore areas; quarried blocks of graywacke are placed to form breakwaters and to edge large areas of embankment fill and modified ground.\r\n\r\nThe geologic structure of the area is known only in general outlines. Most bedded Mesozoic rocks probably are part of broad northwest-trending complexes of anticlines and synclines. Intrusion of large bodies of plutonic igneous rocks occurred in Tertiary and Cretaceous time. Extensive faulting is suggested by the numerous linear to gently curving patterns of some fiords, lakes, and valleys, and by a group of Holocene volcanoes and cinder cones. Two major northwest-striking fault zones are most prominent: (1) the apparently inactive Chichagof-Sitka fault, about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) northeast of Sitka, and {2) part of the active 800-mile- (1,200-km) long Fairweather-Queen Charlotte Islands fault system, lying about 30 miles (48 km) southwest of the city. \r\n\r\nMany earthquakes have been reported as felt at Sitka since 1832, when good records were first maintained; several shocks were very strong, but none of them caused severe damage. The closest major earthquake (magnitude about 7.3) causing some damage to the city occurred July 30, 1972, and had an epicenter about 30 miles (48 km) to the southwest. Movement along the Fairweather-Queen Charlotte Islands fault system apparently caused most of the earthquakes felt at Sitka. \r\n\r\nThe probability of destructive earthquakes at Sitka is unknown. The tectonics of the region and the seismic record suggest that sometime in the future an earthquake of a magnitude of about 8 and related to the Fairweather-Queen Charlotte Islands fault system probably will occur in or near the area. \r\n\r\nEffects from some nearby major earthquakes could cause substantial damage at Sitka. Eight possible effects are as follows: \r\n\r\n1. Sudden dis","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr7453","usgsCitation":"Yehle, L.A., 1974, Reconnaissance engineering geology of Sitka and vicinity, Alaska, with emphasis on evaluation of earthquake and other geologic hazards: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-53, iii, 104 leaves :ill., maps ;29 cm.; (3 sheets, 8 tables, scale 1:9,600 - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7453.","productDescription":"iii, 104 leaves :ill., maps ;29 cm.; (3 sheets, 8 tables, scale 1:9,600 - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108607,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_15070.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"15070"},{"id":150378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0053/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45718,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0053/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45719,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0053/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45720,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0053/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45721,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0053/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"9600","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db64440b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yehle, Lynn A. yehle@usgs.gov","contributorId":3794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yehle","given":"Lynn","email":"yehle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":173259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13860,"text":"ofr7467 - 1974 - Posssible extension of mineral belts, northern part of Coeur d'Alene district, Idaho","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13860,"text":"ofr7467 - 1974 - Posssible extension of mineral belts, northern part of Coeur d'Alene district, Idaho","indexId":"ofr7467","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"title":"Posssible extension of mineral belts, northern part of Coeur d'Alene district, Idaho"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70042935,"text":"70042935 - 1975 - Possible extension of mineral belts, northern part of Coeur d'Alene district, Idaho","indexId":"70042935","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Possible extension of mineral belts, northern part of Coeur d'Alene district, Idaho"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70042935,"text":"70042935 - 1975 - Possible extension of mineral belts, northern part of Coeur d'Alene district, Idaho","indexId":"70042935","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Possible extension of mineral belts, northern part of Coeur d'Alene district, Idaho"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-05T20:06:45.537317","indexId":"ofr7467","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-67","title":"Posssible extension of mineral belts, northern part of Coeur d'Alene district, Idaho","docAbstract":"

The ore deposits in the northern part of the Coeur d'Alene district are located within rocks of the Belt Supergroup that have been intruded by Cretaceous quartz monzonites. Lead-zinc-silver replacement veins constitute most of the deposits. The geometry of the district has been modified by post-ore faulting along the Osburn, Dobson Pass, and other faults. The original position of the Gem stocks, before their separation from the Dago Peak stocks by the Dobson Pass fault, can be approximately reconstructed by moving the truncated stocks and associated geochemical dispersion patterns back into matching positions. The known mineral belts are defined by dispersion patterns of both lead and the lead:zinc ratio. Similar dispersion patterns of lead and the lead:zinc ratio northwest of the original position of the Gem stocks suggest that the mineral belts extend into that area.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7467","usgsCitation":"Gott, G.B., and Botbol, J.M., 1974, Posssible extension of mineral belts, northern part of Coeur d'Alene district, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-67, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7467.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420518,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0067/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144390,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0067/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","city":"Coeur d'Alene","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.98736290401153,\n 47.875430904266295\n ],\n [\n -116.98736290401153,\n 47.63548915233548\n ],\n [\n -116.60850011844465,\n 47.63548915233548\n ],\n [\n -116.60850011844465,\n 47.875430904266295\n ],\n [\n -116.98736290401153,\n 47.875430904266295\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683ba3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gott, Garland Bayard","contributorId":6420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gott","given":"Garland","email":"","middleInitial":"Bayard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Botbol, Joseph Moses","contributorId":10034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Botbol","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"Moses","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":13832,"text":"ofr741039 - 1974 - GEOPAC","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:49","indexId":"ofr741039","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-1039","title":"GEOPAC","docAbstract":"GEOPAC .consists of a series of subroutines to primarily process potential-field geophysical data but other types of data can also be used with the program. The package contains routines to reduce, store, process and display information in two-dimensional or three-dimensional form. Input and output formats are standardized and temporary disk storage permits data sets to be processed by several subroutines in one job step. The subroutines are link-edited in an overlay mode to form one program and they can be executed by submitting a card containing the subroutine name in the input stream.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr741039","usgsCitation":"Godson, R.H., 1974, GEOPAC: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-1039, 146 p, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr741039.","productDescription":"146 p","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/1039/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42434,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/1039/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b16a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godson, Richard H.","contributorId":11190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15441,"text":"ofr7486 - 1974 - Response of ground-water levels of flood control operations in three basins, south-eastern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-04T17:44:08.754532","indexId":"ofr7486","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-86","title":"Response of ground-water levels of flood control operations in three basins, south-eastern Florida","docAbstract":"Three basins in southeastern Florida were investigated to determine the changes in ground-water levels and canal flows that occurred in response to operation of coastal water-control structures in each canal. All three basins are underlain by the Biscayne aquifer. They are, Snapper Creek Canal basin, where the Biscayne aquifer is of high permeability; the Snake Creek Canal basin, where the aquifer is of moderate permeability; and the Pompano-Cypress Canal basin, where the aquifer is of low permeability. In each basin, drainage is a function of permeability; thus, where the permeability of the aquifer is high, drainage is excellent. The coastal water-conrol structures are intended to afford flood protection in the three basins. In general the control operation criteria for flood control in newly developing areas in southeastern Florida do not provide adequate protection from flooding because of the time required for the aquifer to respond to changes in the controls. Adequate protection would require increasing the density of secondary drainage canals, but this could achieved only by reducing the quantity of water available for recharging those segments of the Biscayne aquifer adjacent to the canals. (Woodrad-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7486","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District","usgsCitation":"Pitt, W.A., 1974, Response of ground-water levels of flood control operations in three basins, south-eastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-86, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7486.","productDescription":"71 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":493444,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0086/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148448,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0086/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-82.821585,27.964443],[-82.829801,27.968469],[-82.823063,28.044758],[-82.836326,28.073193],[-82.830525,28.085293],[-82.826125,28.083793],[-82.813435,28.03716],[-82.815168,28.012547],[-82.821755,28.002494],[-82.815168,27.973721],[-82.821585,27.964443]]],[[[-81.582923,24.658732],[-81.562917,24.692912],[-81.535323,24.67954],[-81.51898,24.687818],[-81.5124,24.703737],[-81.476642,24.711244],[-81.469275,24.704286],[-81.459043,24.707355],[-81.451881,24.714518],[-81.456588,24.740097],[-81.451267,24.747464],[-81.432032,24.722908],[-81.421595,24.737641],[-81.430599,24.747259],[-81.425483,24.752989],[-81.392947,24.743371],[-81.38558,24.726182],[-81.36041,24.708788],[-81.319282,24.701238],[-81.309664,24.665017],[-81.298028,24.656774],[-81.332831,24.639528],[-81.395096,24.621062],[-81.401946,24.623564],[-81.403319,24.640294],[-81.414187,24.647167],[-81.448623,24.640172],[-81.470411,24.641985],[-81.480951,24.645121],[-81.47641,24.653197],[-81.480504,24.659757],[-81.49858,24.66498],[-81.505585,24.654609],[-81.511165,24.625135],[-81.54645,24.614895],[-81.602998,24.586444],[-81.664209,24.573143],[-81.685278,24.558739],[-81.81289,24.546468],[-81.814446,24.56358],[-81.811386,24.56975],[-81.800676,24.570989],[-81.794057,24.586],[-81.739241,24.589973],[-81.730473,24.58196],[-81.705364,24.597647],[-81.687017,24.592534],[-81.655735,24.616295],[-81.637087,24.621408],[-81.614829,24.642764],[-81.614529,24.650584],[-81.582923,24.658732]]],[[[-82.15068,24.576331],[-82.143075,24.593395],[-82.125268,24.597426],[-82.104187,24.588256],[-82.099417,24.572522],[-82.116787,24.549144],[-82.159439,24.548212],[-82.165206,24.552159],[-82.164426,24.563375],[-82.15068,24.576331]]],[[[-81.249799,24.673357],[-81.243232,24.673998],[-81.244761,24.669202],[-81.281778,24.65375],[-81.260006,24.674848],[-81.249799,24.673357]]],[[[-80.909954,24.781154],[-80.906288,24.769867],[-80.912042,24.76505],[-80.938543,24.767535],[-81.015933,24.719881],[-81.023794,24.716901],[-81.032447,24.727323],[-81.064554,24.715453],[-81.075855,24.704266],[-81.078439,24.692382],[-81.108041,24.688592],[-81.125371,24.708291],[-81.066816,24.723926],[-81.041797,24.742965],[-81.016918,24.734676],[-80.960129,24.764226],[-80.909954,24.781154]]],[[[-81.317673,24.75729],[-81.305468,24.756612],[-81.290801,24.736862],[-81.288259,24.720881],[-81.302984,24.714199],[-81.310744,24.727068],[-81.326844,24.728375],[-81.357417,24.756834],[-81.342695,24.75625],[-81.324637,24.76721],[-81.317673,24.75729]]],[[[-80.89054,24.791678],[-80.884572,24.791561],[-80.906874,24.783744],[-80.89054,24.791678]]],[[[-80.788263,24.824218],[-80.796053,24.81194],[-80.822342,24.812629],[-80.850338,24.8026],[-80.79278,24.843918],[-80.780564,24.84052],[-80.788263,24.824218]]],[[[-80.729275,24.865361],[-80.719977,24.864644],[-80.691762,24.885759],[-80.690354,24.881539],[-80.71185,24.863323],[-80.766966,24.836158],[-80.729275,24.865361]]],[[[-84.777208,29.707398],[-84.729836,29.738881],[-84.696726,29.76993],[-84.694939,29.761844],[-84.713747,29.74139],[-84.776954,29.692191],[-84.884632,29.652248],[-84.957779,29.612635],[-85.051033,29.586928],[-85.097082,29.625215],[-85.023501,29.597073],[-85.017205,29.604379],[-84.968314,29.617238],[-84.920333,29.648638],[-84.813352,29.687028],[-84.777208,29.707398]]],[[[-85.156415,29.679628],[-85.114268,29.688658],[-85.093902,29.684838],[-85.077237,29.670862],[-85.097218,29.633004],[-85.124913,29.628433],[-85.18453,29.663987],[-85.222546,29.678039],[-85.184776,29.68271],[-85.156415,29.679628]]],[[[-82.255777,26.703437],[-82.255159,26.70816],[-82.246535,26.706435],[-82.24251,26.694361],[-82.246535,26.683437],[-82.218342,26.626407],[-82.214337,26.602944],[-82.177541,26.502328],[-82.166042,26.489679],[-82.149368,26.477605],[-82.120046,26.473581],[-82.088423,26.455182],[-82.076924,26.466106],[-82.062551,26.470131],[-82.038403,26.456907],[-82.013913,26.452058],[-82.063114,26.425459],[-82.082915,26.422059],[-82.126671,26.436279],[-82.177017,26.471558],[-82.186441,26.489221],[-82.205523,26.566536],[-82.222131,26.590402],[-82.238872,26.636433],[-82.268007,26.682791],[-82.264351,26.698496],[-82.255777,26.703437]]],[[[-80.250581,25.34193],[-80.351399,25.190615],[-80.349855,25.168825],[-80.377084,25.130487],[-80.399767,25.108536],[-80.428318,25.095547],[-80.443375,25.076084],[-80.47387,25.060253],[-80.493881,25.038502],[-80.48912,25.031301],[-80.494781,25.023019],[-80.537995,24.990244],[-80.565831,24.958155],[-80.611693,24.93842],[-80.635571,24.913003],[-80.659395,24.897433],[-80.660198,24.90498],[-80.641306,24.914311],[-80.623866,24.931236],[-80.621658,24.944265],[-80.581131,24.964738],[-80.570813,24.962215],[-80.558785,24.971505],[-80.54411,24.999916],[-80.545971,25.01477],[-80.524498,25.016945],[-80.509136,25.028317],[-80.495569,25.047497],[-80.460652,25.078904],[-80.465496,25.086609],[-80.494715,25.102269],[-80.484188,25.10943],[-80.47748,25.107407],[-80.476174,25.099454],[-80.450399,25.088751],[-80.433575,25.106317],[-80.446473,25.151287],[-80.41326,25.137053],[-80.395467,25.150694],[-80.387164,25.170859],[-80.391909,25.19221],[-80.369965,25.206444],[-80.3498,25.210595],[-80.337345,25.231353],[-80.336159,25.261601],[-80.368186,25.282359],[-80.339421,25.290069],[-80.328746,25.28651],[-80.292567,25.314385],[-80.275961,25.344039],[-80.256982,25.361239],[-80.246307,25.398603],[-80.21428,25.416988],[-80.192336,25.473331],[-80.188778,25.50773],[-80.174544,25.518406],[-80.173951,25.482821],[-80.184033,25.468587],[-80.204198,25.412244],[-80.221991,25.397417],[-80.240376,25.347005],[-80.250581,25.34193]]],[[[-83.309455,30.634417],[-82.214839,30.568591],[-82.231916,30.55627],[-82.23582,30.537187],[-82.226933,30.510281],[-82.201416,30.485164],[-82.210291,30.42459],[-82.19294,30.378779],[-82.165192,30.358035],[-82.104834,30.368319],[-82.094687,30.360781],[-82.068533,30.359184],[-82.050069,30.362338],[-82.036825,30.377884],[-82.04199,30.403266],[-82.034005,30.422357],[-82.037209,30.434518],[-82.017779,30.475081],[-82.018361,30.531184],[-82.005477,30.563495],[-82.015708,30.601704],[-82.026941,30.606153],[-82.028499,30.621829],[-82.049507,30.655548],[-82.050432,30.676266],[-82.036426,30.706585],[-82.043795,30.729641],[-82.039634,30.747727],[-82.01266,30.761289],[-82.024035,30.783156],[-82.017051,30.791657],[-82.007865,30.792937],[-81.981273,30.776767],[-81.973856,30.778487],[-81.962534,30.796526],[-81.962175,30.818001],[-81.949787,30.827493],[-81.910926,30.815889],[-81.89572,30.821098],[-81.868608,30.792754],[-81.852626,30.794439],[-81.842058,30.78712],[-81.808529,30.790014],[-81.792769,30.784432],[-81.782653,30.769937],[-81.763372,30.77382],[-81.719927,30.744634],[-81.694778,30.748414],[-81.688925,30.741434],[-81.672824,30.738935],[-81.664598,30.746599],[-81.652123,30.742435],[-81.65177,30.732284],[-81.646137,30.727591],[-81.625098,30.733017],[-81.617663,30.722046],[-81.609495,30.720705],[-81.601206,30.728141],[-81.542675,30.713593],[-81.530531,30.722858],[-81.489537,30.7261],[-81.472597,30.713312],[-81.444124,30.709714],[-81.42742,30.69802],[-81.443099,30.600938],[-81.442564,30.555189],[-81.434064,30.522569],[-81.447087,30.503679],[-81.440108,30.497678],[-81.42601,30.496739],[-81.410809,30.482039],[-81.407008,30.42204],[-81.397422,30.400626],[-81.396407,30.34004],[-81.385505,30.273841],[-81.308978,29.96944],[-81.295268,29.928614],[-81.270442,29.883106],[-81.256711,29.784693],[-81.240924,29.739218],[-81.163581,29.55529],[-80.966176,29.14796],[-80.709725,28.756692],[-80.574868,28.585166],[-80.560973,28.530736],[-80.525094,28.459454],[-80.526732,28.451705],[-80.562877,28.437779],[-80.587813,28.410856],[-80.606874,28.336484],[-80.604214,28.257733],[-80.589975,28.17799],[-80.566432,28.09563],[-80.508871,27.970477],[-80.383695,27.740045],[-80.350553,27.628361],[-80.330956,27.597541],[-80.311757,27.524625],[-80.30117,27.500314],[-80.293171,27.500314],[-80.253665,27.37979],[-80.16147,27.192814],[-80.153375,27.169308],[-80.159554,27.163325],[-80.093909,27.018587],[-80.031362,26.796339],[-80.03212,26.77153],[-80.037462,26.76634],[-80.032862,26.700842],[-80.038863,26.569347],[-80.060564,26.444652],[-80.079865,26.264358],[-80.089365,26.231859],[-80.108995,26.088372],[-80.117778,25.986369],[-80.119684,25.841043],[-80.127987,25.772245],[-80.144,25.740812],[-80.154972,25.66549],[-80.160903,25.664897],[-80.176916,25.685062],[-80.166241,25.72895],[-80.184626,25.745557],[-80.197674,25.74437],[-80.240376,25.724206],[-80.267065,25.651849],[-80.296719,25.622195],[-80.305615,25.593134],[-80.302057,25.567632],[-80.313918,25.539164],[-80.328746,25.53264],[-80.339421,25.499427],[-80.337049,25.465621],[-80.328152,25.443084],[-80.320442,25.437153],[-80.326373,25.422919],[-80.32578,25.39801],[-80.306801,25.384369],[-80.31036,25.3731],[-80.335269,25.338701],[-80.374116,25.31735],[-80.418872,25.235532],[-80.495341,25.199463],[-80.569124,25.190117],[-80.669236,25.137837],[-80.777499,25.135047],[-80.82653,25.160478],[-80.838227,25.174791],[-80.858167,25.176576],[-80.899459,25.162337],[-80.900559,25.139755],[-80.970727,25.134084],[-80.999176,25.124222],[-81.049308,25.128322],[-81.079859,25.118797],[-81.141024,25.163868],[-81.146737,25.193139],[-81.171265,25.221609],[-81.16207,25.289833],[-81.148915,25.318067],[-81.151916,25.324766],[-81.140099,25.341117],[-81.12141,25.33875],[-81.117265,25.354953],[-81.128492,25.380511],[-81.150508,25.387255],[-81.146765,25.407577],[-81.168652,25.463848],[-81.208201,25.504937],[-81.204389,25.538908],[-81.209321,25.548611],[-81.225557,25.55847],[-81.240519,25.599041],[-81.240677,25.613629],[-81.253951,25.638181],[-81.290328,25.687506],[-81.328935,25.717233],[-81.346078,25.721473],[-81.343984,25.747668],[-81.361875,25.772715],[-81.340406,25.786631],[-81.352731,25.822015],[-81.386127,25.839906],[-81.394476,25.851834],[-81.417536,25.864954],[-81.441391,25.863761],[-81.458487,25.868929],[-81.473992,25.888411],[-81.508979,25.884037],[-81.511762,25.89676],[-81.527665,25.901531],[-81.584519,25.888808],[-81.644553,25.897953],[-81.663821,25.885605],[-81.678287,25.845301],[-81.68954,25.85271],[-81.713172,25.897568],[-81.727086,25.907207],[-81.73195,25.931506],[-81.749724,25.960463],[-81.747834,25.994273],[-81.762439,26.00607],[-81.801663,26.088227],[-81.820675,26.236735],[-81.833142,26.294518],[-81.868983,26.378648],[-81.91171,26.427158],[-81.964212,26.457957],[-81.969509,26.476505],[-82.008961,26.484052],[-82.01368,26.490829],[-82.00908,26.505203],[-82.024604,26.512677],[-82.043577,26.519577],[-82.06715,26.513252],[-82.07175,26.492554],[-82.105672,26.48393],[-82.111996,26.54085],[-82.137869,26.637441],[-82.181565,26.681712],[-82.17984,26.696661],[-82.173516,26.701836],[-82.139019,26.702986],[-82.125795,26.699536],[-82.106247,26.667339],[-82.099922,26.662739],[-82.093023,26.665614],[-82.084974,26.702411],[-82.066575,26.742657],[-82.061401,26.789228],[-82.055076,26.802452],[-82.059101,26.876621],[-82.090723,26.888694],[-82.093023,26.906518],[-82.090148,26.923191],[-82.061976,26.931241],[-82.063126,26.950214],[-82.076349,26.958263],[-82.107972,26.957688],[-82.117171,26.954239],[-82.137294,26.926066],[-82.162017,26.925491],[-82.175241,26.916867],[-82.156267,26.851898],[-82.147068,26.789803],[-82.151093,26.783479],[-82.172941,26.778879],[-82.17869,26.772555],[-82.221812,26.77198],[-82.232193,26.78288],[-82.251134,26.755881],[-82.259867,26.717398],[-82.269499,26.784674],[-82.289086,26.827784],[-82.351649,26.908384],[-82.445718,27.060634],[-82.477019,27.141231],[-82.539719,27.254326],[-82.569754,27.279452],[-82.569248,27.298588],[-82.597629,27.335754],[-82.642821,27.38972],[-82.691821,27.437218],[-82.714521,27.500415],[-82.745748,27.538834],[-82.708121,27.523514],[-82.710621,27.501715],[-82.706821,27.498415],[-82.686421,27.497215],[-82.683621,27.513115],[-82.674621,27.519614],[-82.65072,27.523115],[-82.632053,27.551908],[-82.612019,27.571231],[-82.611717,27.585283],[-82.584629,27.596021],[-82.570607,27.608882],[-82.558538,27.638678],[-82.514265,27.705588],[-82.494891,27.718963],[-82.477638,27.723004],[-82.482305,27.742649],[-82.434635,27.764355],[-82.418401,27.803187],[-82.402857,27.812671],[-82.393383,27.837519],[-82.402615,27.882602],[-82.413915,27.901401],[-82.451591,27.907506],[-82.460016,27.9116],[-82.462078,27.920066],[-82.478063,27.92768],[-82.491117,27.9145],[-82.488057,27.863566],[-82.46884,27.843295],[-82.47244,27.822559],[-82.511193,27.828015],[-82.553946,27.848462],[-82.552918,27.862702],[-82.538618,27.864901],[-82.529918,27.877501],[-82.542818,27.890601],[-82.531318,27.9039],[-82.533718,27.932999],[-82.553918,27.966998],[-82.576003,27.969424],[-82.62959,27.998474],[-82.678606,27.993715],[-82.684793,27.971824],[-82.720522,27.955798],[-82.724122,27.948098],[-82.720395,27.937199],[-82.710022,27.928299],[-82.691621,27.924899],[-82.685121,27.916299],[-82.628063,27.910397],[-82.63422,27.9037],[-82.63212,27.8911],[-82.61002,27.873501],[-82.567919,27.883701],[-82.566819,27.858002],[-82.598443,27.857582],[-82.586519,27.816703],[-82.622723,27.779868],[-82.63052,27.753905],[-82.62572,27.727006],[-82.63362,27.710607],[-82.652521,27.700307],[-82.677321,27.706207],[-82.679019,27.696054],[-82.713629,27.698661],[-82.718822,27.692007],[-82.721622,27.663908],[-82.712555,27.646647],[-82.698091,27.638858],[-82.705017,27.62531],[-82.733076,27.612972],[-82.739122,27.636909],[-82.738022,27.706807],[-82.746223,27.731306],[-82.760923,27.745205],[-82.783124,27.783804],[-82.828561,27.822254],[-82.846526,27.854301],[-82.851126,27.8863],[-82.840882,27.937162],[-82.831388,27.962117],[-82.824875,27.960201],[-82.821975,27.956868],[-82.838484,27.909111],[-82.832155,27.909242],[-82.805462,27.960201],[-82.792635,28.01116],[-82.792635,28.032307],[-82.782724,28.055894],[-82.781324,28.127591],[-82.790724,28.15249],[-82.808474,28.154803],[-82.805097,28.172181],[-82.797762,28.187789],[-82.762643,28.219013],[-82.764103,28.244345],[-82.759072,28.25402],[-82.746188,28.261192],[-82.732792,28.291933],[-82.73146,28.325075],[-82.706112,28.368057],[-82.706322,28.401325],[-82.697433,28.420166],[-82.684137,28.428019],[-82.674787,28.441956],[-82.680396,28.457194],[-82.665055,28.484434],[-82.669416,28.519879],[-82.656694,28.544814],[-82.66165,28.554143],[-82.654138,28.590837],[-82.664055,28.606584],[-82.674665,28.647588],[-82.668889,28.694302],[-82.712373,28.720921],[-82.698281,28.75701],[-82.730245,28.850155],[-82.688864,28.905609],[-82.702618,28.932955],[-82.723861,28.953506],[-82.735754,28.973709],[-82.737872,28.995703],[-82.758906,28.993277],[-82.764055,28.999707],[-82.753513,29.026496],[-82.759704,29.054192],[-82.783328,29.064619],[-82.780558,29.07358],[-82.816925,29.076215],[-82.823659,29.098902],[-82.801166,29.105103],[-82.799117,29.110647],[-82.805703,29.129848],[-82.804736,29.146624],[-82.827073,29.158425],[-82.974676,29.17091],[-82.991653,29.180664],[-83.018212,29.151417],[-83.019071,29.141324],[-83.030453,29.134023],[-83.053207,29.130839],[-83.056867,29.146263],[-83.068249,29.153135],[-83.061162,29.176113],[-83.087839,29.21642],[-83.074734,29.247975],[-83.077265,29.255331],[-83.089013,29.266502],[-83.107477,29.268889],[-83.128027,29.282733],[-83.169576,29.290355],[-83.17826,29.327916],[-83.175518,29.34469],[-83.200702,29.373855],[-83.202446,29.394422],[-83.218075,29.420492],[-83.240509,29.433178],[-83.272019,29.432256],[-83.294747,29.437923],[-83.311546,29.475666],[-83.33113,29.475594],[-83.356722,29.499901],[-83.370288,29.499901],[-83.379254,29.503558],[-83.383973,29.512995],[-83.400252,29.517242],[-83.405256,29.578319],[-83.39948,29.612956],[-83.414701,29.670536],[-83.436259,29.677389],[-83.455356,29.676444],[-83.483143,29.690478],[-83.483567,29.698542],[-83.493728,29.708388],[-83.537645,29.72306],[-83.566018,29.761434],[-83.584716,29.77608],[-83.585899,29.811754],[-83.595493,29.827984],[-83.618568,29.842336],[-83.63798,29.886073],[-83.679219,29.918513],[-83.788729,29.976982],[-83.82869,29.983187],[-83.845427,29.998068],[-83.93151,30.039068],[-83.931879,30.044175],[-83.991607,30.08392],[-84.000716,30.096209],[-84.024274,30.103271],[-84.06299,30.101378],[-84.083057,30.092286],[-84.10273,30.093611],[-84.11384,30.085478],[-84.124889,30.090601],[-84.167881,30.071422],[-84.179149,30.073187],[-84.19853,30.087937],[-84.237014,30.08556],[-84.247491,30.10114],[-84.256439,30.103791],[-84.272511,30.092358],[-84.270792,30.068094],[-84.277168,30.060263],[-84.297836,30.057451],[-84.315344,30.069492],[-84.358923,30.058224],[-84.365882,30.024588],[-84.361962,29.987739],[-84.3477,29.984123],[-84.343041,29.9751],[-84.333746,29.923721],[-84.343389,29.899539],[-84.349066,29.896812],[-84.378937,29.893112],[-84.423834,29.902996],[-84.443652,29.913785],[-84.451705,29.929085],[-84.494562,29.913957],[-84.511996,29.916574],[-84.535873,29.910092],[-84.603303,29.876117],[-84.647958,29.847104],[-84.65645,29.834277],[-84.692053,29.829059],[-84.755595,29.78854],[-84.868271,29.742454],[-84.881777,29.733882],[-84.888031,29.722406],[-84.901781,29.735723],[-84.877111,29.772888],[-84.893992,29.785176],[-84.90413,29.786279],[-84.91511,29.783303],[-84.93837,29.750211],[-84.964007,29.742422],[-84.968841,29.72708],[-84.993264,29.714961],[-85.037212,29.711074],[-85.072123,29.719027],[-85.121473,29.715854],[-85.177284,29.700193],[-85.22745,29.693633],[-85.259719,29.681296],[-85.319215,29.681494],[-85.343619,29.672004],[-85.347711,29.66719],[-85.344768,29.654793],[-85.380303,29.698485],[-85.397871,29.740498],[-85.413983,29.799865],[-85.417971,29.828855],[-85.413575,29.85294],[-85.405815,29.865817],[-85.392469,29.870914],[-85.405011,29.830151],[-85.405907,29.80193],[-85.37796,29.709621],[-85.353885,29.684765],[-85.317661,29.691286],[-85.31139,29.697557],[-85.302591,29.808094],[-85.31142,29.814373],[-85.317464,29.838894],[-85.336654,29.849295],[-85.363731,29.898915],[-85.405052,29.938487],[-85.425956,29.949888],[-85.487764,29.961227],[-85.509148,29.971466],[-85.571907,30.02644],[-85.588242,30.055543],[-85.601178,30.056342],[-85.69681,30.09689],[-85.775405,30.15629],[-85.9226,30.238024],[-86.089963,30.303569],[-86.222561,30.343585],[-86.2987,30.363049],[-86.412076,30.380346],[-86.50615,30.3823],[-86.632953,30.396299],[-86.750906,30.391881],[-86.909679,30.372423],[-87.206254,30.320943],[-87.267827,30.31548],[-87.295422,30.323503],[-87.518324,30.280435],[-87.452378,30.300201],[-87.450078,30.3111],[-87.50278,30.307301],[-87.504701,30.324039],[-87.49998,30.328957],[-87.459978,30.3363],[-87.452278,30.344099],[-87.451878,30.364999],[-87.438678,30.380798],[-87.440678,30.391498],[-87.429578,30.406498],[-87.403477,30.410198],[-87.366591,30.436648],[-87.370768,30.446865],[-87.399877,30.450997],[-87.425078,30.465596],[-87.434678,30.479196],[-87.431178,30.495795],[-87.447702,30.510458],[-87.446586,30.527068],[-87.43544,30.54914],[-87.418647,30.561837],[-87.406558,30.599928],[-87.397308,30.608728],[-87.393588,30.63088],[-87.397262,30.654351],[-87.406958,30.675165],[-87.449362,30.698913],[-87.466338,30.700835],[-87.481225,30.716508],[-87.502317,30.72159],[-87.511729,30.733535],[-87.532607,30.743489],[-87.545044,30.778666],[-87.581869,30.812403],[-87.600486,30.820627],[-87.605776,30.831304],[-87.615923,30.834693],[-87.634938,30.865886],[-87.592055,30.951492],[-87.589187,30.964464],[-87.599172,30.995722],[-87.571281,30.99787],[-85.998643,30.99287],[-85.002368,31.000682],[-85.004026,30.973468],[-84.980127,30.961286],[-84.983627,30.936986],[-84.971026,30.928187],[-84.936828,30.884683],[-84.935256,30.854328],[-84.928335,30.844263],[-84.936042,30.820671],[-84.928323,30.79309],[-84.918023,30.77809],[-84.920123,30.76599],[-84.914322,30.753591],[-84.896122,30.750591],[-84.864693,30.711542],[-83.309455,30.634417]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Florida\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6283ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pitt, William A.J.","contributorId":50904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitt","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15472,"text":"ofr74121 - 1974 - Landslide susceptibility and land modified by man map of part of the Baden 7-1/2 minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County, and vicinity, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:59","indexId":"ofr74121","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-121","title":"Landslide susceptibility and land modified by man map of part of the Baden 7-1/2 minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County, and vicinity, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr74121","usgsCitation":"Pomeroy, J.S., 1974, Landslide susceptibility and land modified by man map of part of the Baden 7-1/2 minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County, and vicinity, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-121, 1 v. (various pagings) :ill., folded map ;27 cm.; (21 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000 - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74121.","productDescription":"1 v. (various pagings) :ill., folded map ;27 cm.; (21 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000 - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0121/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44436,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0121/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44437,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0121/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab474","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pomeroy, John S.","contributorId":18329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pomeroy","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":62375,"text":"gq1176 - 1974 - Surficial geologic map of the Framingham quadrangle, Middlesex and Worcester Counties, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-01T11:52:35","indexId":"gq1176","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":316,"text":"Geologic Quadrangle","code":"GQ","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1176","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Framingham quadrangle, Middlesex and Worcester Counties, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"

The Framingham quadrangle covers about 55 square miles and is centered approximately 18 miles west of Boston.  Even though the major topographic features are controlled by the lithology and structure of the bedrock, glacial features, such as drumlins, kames and kettles, kame terraces, eskers, gently sloping deltas, and flat-lying lake-bottom deposits, have modified the preglacial topography.  Some bedrock plucking occurred, especially on the south or southeast sides of some hills, and some valleys probably were deepened.  A thin veneer of till overlies much of the bedrock and is most extensive in the hills in the western half of the map area.  These deposits, which are mostly gently sloping kame deltas or flat-lying lake-bottom deposits, were laid down in or graded to glacial Lakes Charles (Clapp, 1904, p. 198) and Sudbury (Goldthwait, 1905, p. 274), which formed during deglaciation when melt waters were temporarily impounded.  Some glacial-lake deposits were laid down in three smaller higher level lakes in the western part of the quadrangle.

\n

With the exception of a small part of the southeast corner, which is drained by the Charles River, the quadrangle is drained by the Sudbury River, whose waters eventually flow into the Merrimack River in the northeast part of the state.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gq1176","collaboration":"Prepared in coopartion with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Public Works","usgsCitation":"Nelson, A.E., 1974, Surficial geologic map of the Framingham quadrangle, Middlesex and Worcester Counties, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle 1176, 1 Plate: 37.10 x 32.01 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gq1176.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 37.10 x 32.01 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":309396,"rank":701,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1176/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":248550,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1176/report.pdf","text":"Document","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":107609,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_10715.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"10715"},{"id":253694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1176/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","county":"Middlesex County, Worcester County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.5,42.25 ], [ -71.5,42.3675 ], [ -71.36749999999999,42.3675 ], [ -71.36749999999999,42.25 ], [ -71.5,42.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db688fcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Arthur E.","contributorId":6035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":267298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":57998,"text":"wri7360 - 1974 - Effects of urbanization on floods in the Dallas, Texas metropolitan area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T12:43:26","indexId":"wri7360","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"73-60","title":"Effects of urbanization on floods in the Dallas, Texas metropolitan area","docAbstract":"

The effects of urbanization on flood characteristics of streams in the Dallas metropolitan area were studied by use of a digital model of the hydrologic system. The model was calibrated by using observed rainfall and runoff data from 19 storms in six basins having various degrees of urbanization. The calibrated models were used with a 57- year rainfall record to simulate 57-year records of annual peak discharges in 14 basins. The flood-frequency characteristics were defined by fitting the simulated 57-year records to log-Pearson Type III distributions.

\n

Regional peak-discharge equations, which can be used to determine the maximum rates of discharge that could be expected to be equaled or exceeded on the average of once in 1.25, 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years, were derived from multiple-regression analyses. The relationships among flood frequency, drainage area, and a coefficient of impervious area are given in a nomograph.

\n

The analyses indicate that in a fully-developed residential area, the flood peaks will be 1.2 to 1.4 times those from an undeveloped area; and the annual direct runoff will be about double that from an undeveloped area. Data were not sufficient to determine the increase in runoff from a highly industrialized area where the effective imperviousness approaches 100 percent.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7360","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Dallas","usgsCitation":"Dempster, G.R., 1974, Effects of urbanization on floods in the Dallas, Texas metropolitan area: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 73-60, iv, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7360.","productDescription":"iv, 51 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258751,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1973/0060/report.pdf","size":"3424","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1973/0060/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624dee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dempster, George R. Jr.","contributorId":106975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dempster","given":"George","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":58461,"text":"mf575 - 1974 - Geologic map of unconsolidated and moderately consolidated deposits of San Mateo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-02T09:07:11","indexId":"mf575","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"575","title":"Geologic map of unconsolidated and moderately consolidated deposits of San Mateo County, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf575","usgsCitation":"Lajoie, K.R., Helley, E.J., Nichols, D., and Burke, D.B., 1974, Geologic map of unconsolidated and moderately consolidated deposits of San Mateo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 575, 1 map and 1 data sheet ;sheets 124 x 91 cm. and 91 x l24 cm., folded in envelope 25 x 32 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf575.","productDescription":"1 map and 1 data sheet ;sheets 124 x 91 cm. and 91 x l24 cm., folded in envelope 25 x 32 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104182,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3685.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"3685"},{"id":185361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0575/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":279971,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0575/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":279970,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0575/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"62500","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,37.1175 ], [ -122.5,37.6175 ], [ -122,37.6175 ], [ -122,37.1175 ], [ -122.5,37.1175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688784","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lajoie, K. R.","contributorId":6828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lajoie","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helley, E. J.","contributorId":76330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helley","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, D.R.","contributorId":42979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burke, D. B.","contributorId":39420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":45863,"text":"ofr741091 - 1974 - Modal analyses of selected samples from the New Hartford Quadrangle, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-03T20:13:41.151321","indexId":"ofr741091","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-1091","title":"Modal analyses of selected samples from the New Hartford Quadrangle, Connecticut","docAbstract":"

No abstract available. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr741091","usgsCitation":"Schnabel, R.W., 1974, Modal analyses of selected samples from the New Hartford Quadrangle, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-1091, 1 Plate: 16.07 x 48.36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr741091.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 16.07 x 48.36 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":412699,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/1091/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":168506,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/1091/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"New Hartford Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73,41.8675 ], [ -73,42 ], [ -72.86749999999999,42 ], [ -72.86749999999999,41.8675 ], [ -73,41.8675 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schnabel, Robert W.","contributorId":91920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnabel","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27039,"text":"wri7358 - 1974 - Mathematical model of San Juan Valley ground-water basin, San Benito County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T15:09:54","indexId":"wri7358","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"73-58","title":"Mathematical model of San Juan Valley ground-water basin, San Benito County, California","docAbstract":"

A mathematical model study of the San Juan Valley ground-water basin in San Benito County, Calif., has quantitatively described the ground-water hydrology of the basin under past, present, and future conditions of development. An analysis of conditions in the basin prior to large-scale ground-water development indicates that net recharge equaled 9.23 cubic feet per second and occurred as subsurface flow to the eastern part of the basin and infiltration of rain, direct runoff, and minor streamflows. Net predevelopment discharge equaled 9.23 cubic feet per second and occurred as aquifer discharge to the San Benito River. The 9.23 cubic feet per second of predevelopment recharge is considered to be perennial recharge to the basin.

Large-scale ground-water development occurred in the area during the period 1945-68 and caused water levels to decline throughout most of the basin. Progressive depletion of aquifer storage during this period changed the San Benito River from a gaining (perennial) stream to a losing stream along most of its reach in the basin area. Net discharge from the basin during the period 1945-68 averaged 18.10 cubic feet per second. Of this amount 17.82 cubic feet per second occurred as pumpage from wells, and
0.28 cubic foot per second occurred as basin discharge to the San Benito River. Net recharge to the basin during the same period averaged 13.57 cubic feet per second. Of this amount 4.34 cubic feet per second occurred as infiltration from the San Benito River and 9.23 cubic feet per second occurred as perennial recharge.

Use of the calibrated mathematical model to simulate quantities of imported water entering the basin from the San Benito River indicates that water levels in San Juan Valley will stabilize or recover when additional recharge equals or exceeds 3,000 acre-feet per year.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7358","usgsCitation":"Faye, R.E., 1974, Mathematical model of San Juan Valley ground-water basin, San Benito County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 73-58, iv, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7358.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":358981,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1973/0058/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1973/0058/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Benito County","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.5833,\n 36.4167\n ],\n [\n -121.4167,\n 36.4167\n ],\n [\n -121.4167,\n 36.5833\n ],\n [\n -121.5833,\n 36.5833\n ],\n [\n -121.5833,\n 36.4167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db60ffbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faye, Robert E.","contributorId":92221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faye","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29640,"text":"wri7347 - 1974 - Erosion and sediment yields in mountain watersheds of the Transverse Ranges Ventura and Los Angeles Counties, California; analysis of rates and processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T15:07:26","indexId":"wri7347","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"73-47","title":"Erosion and sediment yields in mountain watersheds of the Transverse Ranges Ventura and Los Angeles Counties, California; analysis of rates and processes","docAbstract":"

Major-storm and long-term erosion rates in mountain watersheds of the western Transverse Ranges of Ventura County are estimated to range from low values that will not require the construction of catchments or channel-stabilization structures to values as high as those recorded anywhere for comparable bedrock erodibilities.

A major reason for this extreme variability is the high degree of tectonic activity in the area--watersheds are locally being uplifted by at least as much as 25 feet per 1,000 years, yet the maximum extrapolated rate of denudation measured over the longest available period of record is 7.5 feet per 1,000 years adjusted to a drainage area of 0.5 square mile. Evidence of large amounts of uplift continuing into historic time includes structurally overturned strata of Pleistocene age, active thrust faulting, demonstrable stream antecedence, uplifted and deformed terraces, and other results of base-level change seen in stream channels. Such evidence is widespread in the Transverse Ranges, and aspects of the landscape, such as drainage-net characteristics and hillslope morphology, are locally more a function of tectonic activity than of denudational process. Many of the 72 study watersheds are located on frontal escarpments of mountain blocks cut by recently active thrust faults, along which the upper part of the drainage basin has overthrusted either the lower part of the basin or the adjacent valley area.

To define erosion rates in 35 small watersheds in the western Transverse Ranges, a group of 37 similar watersheds with measured sediment yields in debris basins was selected from the eastern Transverse Ranges in Los Angeles County. Sediment yields from this group of watersheds during the record-breaking 1969 storms ranged from relatively low rates to values equivalent to reduction of the entire land surface of a watershed by more than 2 inches.

Correlation of erosion rates from the watersheds with measured rates to the group with unknown rates required definition of the chief factors that control the erosion rates. Numerous types and combinations of variables measuring physiography, soil erodibility, slope stability, hydrologic factors, wildfire effects, vegetation, and land use were analyzed by regression. A slope-stability variable retained in regressions at significant levels was the proportion of watershed drainage area underlain by slope failures, a logical measure of increased erodibility caused by uplift.

The importance in the area of debris flows, mudflows, and mass movements--forms of sediment transport not involving normal aqueous entrainment--is also a reflection of the active tectonic setting of the Transverse Ranges. Implicit in the detailed study of selected physiographic and slope-failure variables was the logical assumption that correlation with the probability of transport by these exotic but quantitatively important sedimentation processes would be achieved.

So prominent and widespread was evidence of debris flows in the small study watersheds after the 1969 storms, that it was possible to formulate a model for the dispersal of sediment in such watersheds: Lateral supply of sediment to stream channels is a relatively continuous process, accomplished in significant part during the dry season by dry-sliding, in addition to wet-season contributions from overland flow and mass movements. During periods without major storms, stream channels undergo more-or-less time-continuous fill. Then, during a storm of high recurrence interval, channel-bed material is mobilized and dispersed in large part by debris flows--coarse granular slurries, some of which are induced by mass movements triggered by the storm. Channels undergo substantial net scour, accomplished by removal of bed material in debris flows and by scour during recession flow. Valley-side slopes are undercut by bank erosion, and a new cycle of channel infilling by hillslope processes is initiated.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7347","usgsCitation":"Scott, K.M., and Williams, R.P., 1974, Erosion and sediment yields in mountain watersheds of the Transverse Ranges Ventura and Los Angeles Counties, California; analysis of rates and processes: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 73-47, v, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7347.","productDescription":"v, 66 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1973/0047/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":358979,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1973/0047/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Los Angeles County, Ventura County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.25,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -117.75,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -117.75,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -119.25,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -119.25,\n 34\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdf6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Kevin M.","contributorId":88331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":201866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29741,"text":"wri7359 - 1974 - Estimating low-flow frequency for perennial Missouri Ozarks streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-06T13:44:55","indexId":"wri7359","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"73-59","title":"Estimating low-flow frequency for perennial Missouri Ozarks streams","docAbstract":"

A linear regression model, utilizing an independent variable described as the flow area of a stream, has been developed for use in estimating minimum streamflow at ungaged sites in the Ozarks region of Missouri. The basic premise in the method is that low-flow characteristics at any point on perennial Ozarks streams are significantly related to the average width and depth or flow area of the minimum flows.

The standard errors of regression equations defining the 7-day Q2, 7-day Q10, and 7-day Q20 are 41, 60, and 76 percent, respectively. In comparison, standard errors of 170 to 390 percent were obtained during previous regionalization studies.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7359","usgsCitation":"Skelton, J., 1974, Estimating low-flow frequency for perennial Missouri Ozarks streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 73-59, iii, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7359.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":349804,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1973/0059/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1973/0059/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-89.545006,36.336809],[-89.605668,36.342234],[-89.615841,36.336085],[-89.620255,36.323006],[-89.611819,36.309088],[-89.578492,36.288317],[-89.554289,36.277751],[-89.539487,36.277368],[-89.534507,36.261802],[-89.539229,36.248821],[-89.562206,36.250909],[-89.577544,36.242262],[-89.602374,36.238106],[-89.642182,36.249486],[-89.678046,36.248284],[-89.695235,36.252766],[-89.705328,36.239898],[-89.69263,36.224959],[-89.607004,36.171179],[-89.591605,36.144096],[-89.59307,36.129699],[-89.601936,36.11947],[-89.666598,36.095802],[-89.678821,36.084636],[-89.688577,36.029238],[-89.706932,36.000981],[-90.37789,35.995683],[-90.351732,36.025347],[-90.34909,36.040131],[-90.339343,36.047112],[-90.333261,36.067504],[-90.320746,36.071326],[-90.320662,36.087138],[-90.29991,36.098236],[-90.294492,36.112949],[-90.266256,36.120559],[-90.235585,36.139474],[-90.231386,36.147348],[-90.23537,36.159153],[-90.220425,36.184764],[-90.21128,36.183392],[-90.188189,36.20536],[-90.152497,36.215582],[-90.14224,36.227522],[-90.126366,36.229367],[-90.130114,36.240307],[-90.118219,36.253491],[-90.114922,36.265595],[-90.086471,36.271531],[-90.06398,36.303038],[-90.081961,36.322097],[-90.074074,36.342895],[-90.077695,36.348478],[-90.066297,36.3593],[-90.064514,36.382085],[-90.078671,36.399116],[-90.138512,36.413952],[-90.134231,36.422827],[-90.143743,36.424433],[-90.143798,36.428483],[-90.134136,36.436602],[-90.137323,36.455411],[-90.141101,36.461791],[-90.155804,36.463555],[-90.152888,36.47093],[-90.142222,36.470554],[-90.143683,36.476029],[-90.158838,36.479558],[-90.159305,36.492446],[-90.152481,36.497952],[-94.617919,36.499414],[-94.617975,37.722176],[-94.607354,39.113444],[-94.589933,39.140403],[-94.591933,39.155003],[-94.608834,39.160503],[-94.640035,39.153103],[-94.662435,39.157603],[-94.663835,39.179103],[-94.680336,39.184303],[-94.714137,39.170403],[-94.741938,39.170203],[-94.763138,39.179903],[-94.781518,39.206146],[-94.811663,39.206594],[-94.831679,39.215938],[-94.835056,39.220658],[-94.825663,39.241729],[-94.831471,39.256273],[-94.84632,39.268481],[-94.887056,39.28648],[-94.905329,39.311952],[-94.910017,39.352543],[-94.88136,39.370383],[-94.879281,39.37978],[-94.885026,39.389801],[-94.901823,39.392798],[-94.92311,39.384492],[-94.942039,39.389499],[-94.946293,39.405646],[-94.972952,39.421705],[-94.982144,39.440552],[-95.0375,39.463689],[-95.045716,39.472459],[-95.052177,39.499996],[-95.082714,39.516712],[-95.109304,39.542285],[-95.113077,39.559133],[-95.103228,39.577783],[-95.089515,39.581028],[-95.064519,39.577115],[-95.049277,39.589583],[-95.046361,39.599557],[-95.055152,39.621657],[-95.053367,39.630347],[-95.027644,39.665454],[-95.018318,39.672869],[-94.984149,39.67785],[-94.971317,39.68641],[-94.971206,39.729305],[-94.965318,39.739065],[-94.948726,39.745593],[-94.902612,39.724202],[-94.875643,39.730494],[-94.862943,39.742994],[-94.860743,39.763094],[-94.869644,39.772894],[-94.912293,39.759338],[-94.934262,39.773642],[-94.935206,39.78313],[-94.929654,39.788282],[-94.884084,39.794234],[-94.875944,39.813294],[-94.878677,39.826522],[-94.886933,39.833098],[-94.916918,39.836138],[-94.942567,39.856602],[-94.928466,39.876344],[-94.929574,39.888754],[-94.95154,39.900533],[-94.986975,39.89667],[-95.00844,39.900596],[-95.024389,39.891202],[-95.027931,39.871522],[-95.037767,39.865542],[-95.085003,39.861883],[-95.128166,39.874165],[-95.140601,39.881688],[-95.143802,39.901918],[-95.149657,39.905948],[-95.179453,39.900062],[-95.199347,39.902709],[-95.206326,39.912121],[-95.20069,39.928155],[-95.204428,39.938949],[-95.250254,39.948644],[-95.269886,39.969396],[-95.302507,39.984357],[-95.315271,40.01207],[-95.356876,40.031522],[-95.387195,40.02677],[-95.40726,40.033112],[-95.416824,40.043235],[-95.42164,40.058952],[-95.409856,40.07432],[-95.407591,40.09803],[-95.394216,40.108263],[-95.39284,40.115887],[-95.398667,40.126419],[-95.428749,40.135577],[-95.436348,40.15872],[-95.460746,40.169173],[-95.479193,40.185652],[-95.482757,40.197346],[-95.469718,40.227908],[-95.477501,40.24272],[-95.490333,40.248966],[-95.521925,40.24947],[-95.552473,40.261904],[-95.556325,40.267714],[-95.550966,40.285947],[-95.562157,40.297359],[-95.581787,40.29958],[-95.610439,40.31397],[-95.642262,40.306025],[-95.657328,40.310856],[-95.653729,40.322582],[-95.625204,40.334288],[-95.623728,40.346567],[-95.641027,40.366399],[-95.643934,40.386849],[-95.659134,40.40869],[-95.65819,40.44188],[-95.693133,40.469396],[-95.699969,40.505275],[-95.661687,40.517309],[-95.652262,40.538114],[-95.655848,40.546609],[-95.671754,40.562626],[-95.678718,40.56256],[-95.694147,40.556942],[-95.69505,40.533124],[-95.708591,40.521551],[-95.722444,40.528118],[-95.75711,40.52599],[-95.769281,40.536656],[-95.763366,40.550797],[-95.773549,40.578205],[-95.765645,40.585208],[-94.632035,40.571186],[-94.080463,40.572899],[-92.689854,40.589884],[-91.729115,40.61364],[-91.716769,40.59853],[-91.686357,40.580875],[-91.690804,40.559893],[-91.681714,40.553035],[-91.6219,40.542292],[-91.618028,40.53403],[-91.621353,40.510072],[-91.590817,40.492292],[-91.574746,40.465664],[-91.52509,40.457845],[-91.524053,40.448437],[-91.533623,40.43832],[-91.519935,40.433673],[-91.526555,40.419872],[-91.522333,40.409648],[-91.498093,40.401926],[-91.489816,40.404317],[-91.484507,40.3839],[-91.465116,40.385257],[-91.465009,40.376223],[-91.452458,40.375501],[-91.441243,40.386255],[-91.419422,40.378264],[-91.444833,40.36317],[-91.46214,40.342414],[-91.492727,40.278217],[-91.490524,40.259498],[-91.505828,40.238839],[-91.505495,40.195606],[-91.512974,40.181062],[-91.508224,40.157665],[-91.510322,40.127994],[-91.489606,40.057435],[-91.494878,40.036453],[-91.465315,39.983995],[-91.41936,39.927717],[-91.41988,39.916533],[-91.443513,39.893583],[-91.446922,39.883034],[-91.436051,39.84551],[-91.377971,39.811273],[-91.361571,39.787548],[-91.370009,39.732524],[-91.3453,39.709402],[-91.27614,39.665759],[-91.229317,39.620853],[-91.181936,39.602677],[-91.174651,39.593313],[-91.168419,39.564928],[-91.153628,39.548248],[-91.100307,39.538695],[-91.079769,39.507728],[-91.064305,39.494643],[-91.059439,39.46886],[-91.03827,39.448436],[-90.993789,39.422959],[-90.940766,39.403984],[-90.928745,39.387544],[-90.904862,39.379403],[-90.893777,39.367343],[-90.8475,39.345272],[-90.816851,39.320496],[-90.793461,39.309498],[-90.751599,39.265432],[-90.72996,39.255894],[-90.717113,39.213912],[-90.707902,39.15086],[-90.686051,39.117785],[-90.681086,39.10059],[-90.681994,39.090066],[-90.712541,39.057064],[-90.71158,39.046798],[-90.678193,38.991851],[-90.675949,38.96214],[-90.657254,38.92027],[-90.639917,38.908272],[-90.625122,38.888654],[-90.583388,38.86903],[-90.555693,38.870785],[-90.500117,38.910408],[-90.486974,38.925982],[-90.482419,38.94446],[-90.472122,38.958838],[-90.440078,38.967364],[-90.395816,38.960037],[-90.309454,38.92412],[-90.250248,38.919344],[-90.109407,38.843548],[-90.123107,38.798048],[-90.166409,38.772649],[-90.176309,38.754449],[-90.20991,38.72605],[-90.20921,38.70275],[-90.18641,38.67475],[-90.181325,38.660381],[-90.17801,38.63375],[-90.18451,38.611551],[-90.196011,38.594451],[-90.222112,38.576451],[-90.260314,38.528352],[-90.285215,38.443453],[-90.295316,38.426753],[-90.349743,38.377609],[-90.368219,38.340254],[-90.373929,38.281853],[-90.353902,38.213855],[-90.331554,38.18758],[-90.290765,38.170453],[-90.274928,38.157615],[-90.243116,38.112669],[-90.218708,38.094365],[-90.17222,38.069636],[-90.158533,38.074735],[-90.130788,38.062341],[-90.126612,38.043981],[-90.11052,38.026547],[-90.08826,38.015772],[-90.059367,38.015543],[-90.051357,38.003584],[-90.03241,37.995258],[-90.00011,37.964563],[-89.978919,37.962791],[-89.942099,37.970121],[-89.933797,37.959143],[-89.925085,37.960021],[-89.932467,37.947497],[-89.959646,37.940196],[-89.974918,37.926719],[-89.952499,37.883218],[-89.923185,37.870672],[-89.901832,37.869822],[-89.844786,37.905572],[-89.799333,37.881517],[-89.796087,37.859505],[-89.786369,37.851734],[-89.782035,37.855092],[-89.739873,37.84693],[-89.71748,37.825724],[-89.669644,37.799922],[-89.660227,37.781032],[-89.667993,37.759484],[-89.665546,37.752095],[-89.64953,37.745498],[-89.617278,37.74972],[-89.612478,37.740036],[-89.596566,37.732886],[-89.583316,37.713261],[-89.516685,37.692762],[-89.51204,37.680985],[-89.517718,37.641217],[-89.478399,37.598869],[-89.47603,37.590226],[-89.486062,37.580853],[-89.519808,37.582748],[-89.521925,37.560735],[-89.517051,37.537278],[-89.475525,37.471388],[-89.439769,37.4372],[-89.421054,37.387668],[-89.432836,37.347056],[-89.489005,37.333368],[-89.511842,37.310825],[-89.51834,37.285497],[-89.489915,37.251315],[-89.470525,37.253357],[-89.458827,37.248661],[-89.467631,37.2182],[-89.456105,37.18812],[-89.42558,37.138235],[-89.37871,37.094586],[-89.375712,37.080505],[-89.384681,37.048251],[-89.362397,37.030156],[-89.322982,37.01609],[-89.29213,36.992189],[-89.278628,36.98867],[-89.263527,37.00005],[-89.257608,37.015496],[-89.260003,37.023288],[-89.304752,37.047565],[-89.310819,37.057897],[-89.30829,37.068371],[-89.259936,37.064071],[-89.25493,37.072014],[-89.234053,37.037277],[-89.200793,37.016164],[-89.192097,36.979995],[-89.185491,36.973518],[-89.170008,36.970298],[-89.125069,36.983499],[-89.109498,36.976563],[-89.099594,36.964543],[-89.100762,36.944002],[-89.117567,36.887356],[-89.131944,36.857437],[-89.137969,36.847349],[-89.1704,36.841522],[-89.178888,36.831368],[-89.179229,36.812915],[-89.171069,36.798119],[-89.155891,36.789126],[-89.12353,36.785309],[-89.116563,36.767557],[-89.126134,36.751735],[-89.166888,36.759633],[-89.184523,36.753638],[-89.197808,36.739412],[-89.19948,36.716045],[-89.169522,36.688878],[-89.169467,36.674596],[-89.15908,36.666352],[-89.197654,36.628936],[-89.202607,36.601576],[-89.217447,36.576159],[-89.236542,36.566824],[-89.258318,36.564948],[-89.278935,36.577699],[-89.326731,36.632186],[-89.365548,36.625059],[-89.375453,36.615719],[-89.382762,36.583603],[-89.41977,36.493896],[-89.448468,36.46442],[-89.464153,36.457189],[-89.486215,36.46162],[-89.494248,36.475972],[-89.465888,36.529946],[-89.467761,36.546847],[-89.479093,36.568206],[-89.500076,36.576305],[-89.542459,36.580566],[-89.566817,36.564216],[-89.571241,36.547343],[-89.560344,36.525436],[-89.519501,36.475419],[-89.523427,36.456572],[-89.543406,36.43877],[-89.545255,36.427079],[-89.509722,36.373626],[-89.519,36.3486],[-89.545006,36.336809]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Missouri\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc917","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skelton, John","contributorId":70392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skelton","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46135,"text":"ofr74287 - 1974 - Map of land modified by man in part of the Canonsburg 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:46","indexId":"ofr74287","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-287","title":"Map of land modified by man in part of the Canonsburg 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr74287","usgsCitation":"Davies, W., 1974, Map of land modified by man in part of the Canonsburg 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-287, 8 p.; 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74287.","productDescription":"8 p.; 1 map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83095,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0287/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db65750a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davies, W.E.","contributorId":12440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46134,"text":"ofr74286 - 1974 - Map of land modified by man in part of the Bridgeville 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:46","indexId":"ofr74286","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-286","title":"Map of land modified by man in part of the Bridgeville 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr74286","usgsCitation":"Davies, W., 1974, Map of land modified by man in part of the Bridgeville 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-286, 8 p.; 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74286.","productDescription":"8 p.; 1 map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83094,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0286/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db6574b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davies, W.E.","contributorId":12440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46138,"text":"ofr74290 - 1974 - Map of land modified by man in part of the Freeport 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:46","indexId":"ofr74290","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-290","title":"Map of land modified by man in part of the Freeport 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr74290","usgsCitation":"Davies, W., 1974, Map of land modified by man in part of the Freeport 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-290, 8 p.; 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74290.","productDescription":"8 p.; 1 map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83098,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0290/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db6576e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davies, W.E.","contributorId":12440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46139,"text":"ofr74115 - 1974 - Map of land modified by man in part of the Mars 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:46","indexId":"ofr74115","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-115","title":"Map of land modified by man in part of the Mars 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr74115","usgsCitation":"Pomeroy, J.S., 1974, Map of land modified by man in part of the Mars 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-115, 1 map +2 explanation sheets pasted on 1; scale = 1:24000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74115.","productDescription":"1 map +2 explanation sheets pasted on 1; scale = 1:24000","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0115/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":83099,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0115/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":83100,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0115/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db6576ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pomeroy, J. S.","contributorId":16807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pomeroy","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46140,"text":"ofr74293 - 1974 - Map of land modified by man in part of the Monongahela 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:46","indexId":"ofr74293","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-293","title":"Map of land modified by man in part of the Monongahela 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr74293","usgsCitation":"Davies, W., 1974, Map of land modified by man in part of the Monongahela 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-293, 8 p.; 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74293.","productDescription":"8 p.; 1 map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83101,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0293/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db6576f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davies, W.E.","contributorId":12440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46141,"text":"ofr74294 - 1974 - Map of land modified by man in part of the Murrysville 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:46","indexId":"ofr74294","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-294","title":"Map of land modified by man in part of the Murrysville 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr74294","usgsCitation":"Davies, W., 1974, Map of land modified by man in part of the Murrysville 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-294, 8p.; 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74294.","productDescription":"8p.; 1 map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83102,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0294/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db657727","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davies, W.E.","contributorId":12440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46142,"text":"ofr74295 - 1974 - Map of land modified by man in part of the New Kensington East 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:46","indexId":"ofr74295","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-295","title":"Map of land modified by man in part of the New Kensington East 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr74295","usgsCitation":"Davies, W., 1974, Map of land modified by man in part of the New Kensington East 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-295, 8 p.; 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74295.","productDescription":"8 p.; 1 map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83103,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0295/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db65777f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davies, W.E.","contributorId":12440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46143,"text":"ofr74117 - 1974 - Map of land modified by man in part of the Valencia 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:46","indexId":"ofr74117","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-117","title":"Map of land modified by man in part of the Valencia 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr74117","usgsCitation":"Pomeroy, J.S., 1974, Map of land modified by man in part of the Valencia 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-117, 1 map +2 explanation sheets pasted on 1; scale = 1:24000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr74117.","productDescription":"1 map +2 explanation sheets pasted on 1; scale = 1:24000","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0117/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":83104,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0117/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":83105,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0117/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db657789","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pomeroy, John S.","contributorId":18329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pomeroy","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46144,"text":"ofr7474 - 1974 - Map of land modified by man in the Ambridge 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:46","indexId":"ofr7474","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"74-74","title":"Map of land modified by man in the Ambridge 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr7474","usgsCitation":"Pomeroy, J.S., 1974, Map of land modified by man in the Ambridge 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, Allegheny County and vicinity, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74-74, 3 p.; 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7474.","productDescription":"3 p.; 1 map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0074/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":83106,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0074/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":83107,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1974/0074/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db6577a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pomeroy, J. S.","contributorId":16807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pomeroy","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}