{"pageNumber":"161","pageRowStart":"4000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16461,"records":[{"id":70041739,"text":"70041739 - 2012 - Spatial patterns of March and September streamflow trends in Pacific Northwest Streams, 1958-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-11T21:51:03","indexId":"70041739","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1769,"text":"Geographical Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial patterns of March and September streamflow trends in Pacific Northwest Streams, 1958-2008","docAbstract":"Summer streamflow is a vital water resource for municipal and domestic water supplies, irrigation, salmonid habitat, recreation, and water-related ecosystem services in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) in the United States. This study detects significant negative trends in September absolute streamflow in a majority of 68 stream-gauging stations located on unregulated streams in the PNW from 1958 to 2008. The proportion of March streamflow to annual streamflow increases in most stations over 1,000 m elevation, with a baseflow index of less than 50, while absolute March streamflow does not increase in most stations. The declining trends of September absolute streamflow are strongly associated with seven-day low flow, January–March maximum temperature trends, and the size of the basin (19–7,260 km<sup>2</sup>), while the increasing trends of the fraction of March streamflow are associated with elevation, April 1 snow water equivalent, March precipitation, center timing of streamflow, and October–December minimum temperature trends. Compared with ordinary least squares (OLS) estimated regression models, spatial error regression and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models effectively remove spatial autocorrelation in residuals. The GWR model results show spatial gradients of local R <sup>2</sup> values with consistently higher local R <sup>2</sup> values in the northern Cascades. This finding illustrates that different hydrologic landscape factors, such as geology and seasonal distribution of precipitation, also influence streamflow trends in the PNW. In addition, our spatial analysis model results show that considering various geographic factors help clarify the dynamics of streamflow trends over a large geographical area, supporting a spatial analysis approach over aspatial OLS-estimated regression models for predicting streamflow trends. Results indicate that transitional rain–snow surface water-dominated basins are likely to have reduced summer streamflow under warming scenarios. Consequently, a better understanding of the relationships among summer streamflow, precipitation, snowmelt, elevation, and geology can help water managers predict the response of regional summer streamflow to global warming.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geographical Analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1538-4632.2012.00847.x","usgsCitation":"Chang, H., Jung, I., Steele, M., and Gannett, M., 2012, Spatial patterns of March and September streamflow trends in Pacific Northwest Streams, 1958-2008: Geographical Analysis, v. 44, no. 3, p. 177-201, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.2012.00847.x.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"201","ipdsId":"IP-027578","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263966,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263965,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.2012.00847.x"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Northwest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,18.9 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -66.9,71.4 ], [ -66.9,18.9 ], [ 172.5,18.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c85637e4b03bc63bd679c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chang, Heejun","contributorId":14705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"Heejun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jung, Il-Won","contributorId":38865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"Il-Won","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steele, Madeline","contributorId":59702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"Madeline","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gannett, Marshall","contributorId":61723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannett","given":"Marshall","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041730,"text":"sir20125238 - 2012 - Characterization of the hydrologic resources of San Miguel County, New Mexico, and identification of hydrologic data gaps, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-11T14:46:08","indexId":"sir20125238","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5238","title":"Characterization of the hydrologic resources of San Miguel County, New Mexico, and identification of hydrologic data gaps, 2011","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with San Miguel County, New Mexico, conducted a study to assess publicly available information regarding the hydrologic resources of San Miguel County and to identify data gaps in that information and hydrologic information that could aid in the management of available water resources. The USGS operates four continuous annual streamgages in San Miguel County. Monthly discharge at these streamgages is generally bimodally distributed, with most runoff corresponding to spring runoff and to summer monsoonal rains. Data compiled since 1951 on the geology and groundwater resources of San Miguel County are generally consistent with the original characterization of depth and availability of groundwater resources and of source aquifers. Subsequent exploratory drilling identified deep available groundwater in some locations. Most current (2011) development of groundwater resources is in western San Miguel County, particularly in the vicinity of El Creston hogback, the hogback ridge just west of Las Vegas, where USGS groundwater-monitoring wells indicate that groundwater levels are declining. \n\nRegarding future studies to address identified data gaps, the ability to evaluate and quantify surface-water resources, both as runoff and as potential groundwater recharge, could be enhanced by expanding the network of streamgages and groundwater-monitoring wells throughout the county. A series of seepage surveys along the lengths of the rivers could help to determine locations of surface-water losses to and gains from the local groundwater system and could help to quantify the component of streamflow attributable to irrigation return flow; associated synoptic water-quality sampling could help to identify potential effects to water quality attributable to irrigation return flow. Effects of groundwater withdrawals on streamflow could be assessed by constructing monitoring wells along transects between production wells and stream reaches of interest to monitor decline or recovery of the water table, to quantify the timing and extent of water-table response, and to identify the spatial extent of capture zones. Assessment of groundwater potential could be aided by a county-wide distribution of water-level information and by a series of maps of groundwater potential, compiled for each individual aquifer, including saline aquifers, for which the potential for municipal use through desalination could be explored. A county-wide geographic information system hydrologic geodatabase could provide a comprehensive picture of water use in San Miguel County and could be used by San Miguel County as a decision-support tool for future management decisions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125238","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with San Miguel County, New Mexico","usgsCitation":"Matherne, A.M., and Stewart, A.M., 2012, Characterization of the hydrologic resources of San Miguel County, New Mexico, and identification of hydrologic data gaps, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5238, Report: viii, 44 p.; XLSX Table 5, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125238.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 44 p.; XLSX Table 5","numberOfPages":"56","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263943,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5238/sir2012-5238.pdf"},{"id":263944,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5238/sir2012-5238_table5.xlsx"},{"id":263945,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5238.gif"},{"id":263942,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5238/"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"San Miguel","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.7222,35.0416 ], [ -105.7222,35.871 ], [ -103.637,35.871 ], [ -103.637,35.0416 ], [ -105.7222,35.0416 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c855fce4b03bc63bd67992","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matherne, Anne Marie 0000-0002-5873-2226 matherne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-2226","contributorId":303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matherne","given":"Anne","email":"matherne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, Anne M. astewart@usgs.gov","contributorId":3938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Anne","email":"astewart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041723,"text":"sir20115118 - 2012 - Low-flow characteristics of streams under natural and diversion conditions, Waipi&#699;o Valley, Island of Hawai&#699;i, Hawai&#699;i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-11T14:34:07","indexId":"sir20115118","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5118","title":"Low-flow characteristics of streams under natural and diversion conditions, Waipi&#699;o Valley, Island of Hawai&#699;i, Hawai&#699;i","docAbstract":"Over the past 100 years, natural streamflow in Waipi&#699;o Valley has been reduced by the transfer of water out of the valley by Upper and Lower Hāmākua Ditches. The physical condition and diversion practices along the two ditch systems have varied widely over the years, and as a result, so have their effects on natural streamflow in Waipi&#699;o Valley. Recent renovation and improvements to Lower Hāmākua Ditch system, along with proposals for its future operation and water-diversion strategies, have unknown implications. The purpose of this report is to quantify the availability of streamflow and to determine the effects of current and proposed diversion strategies on the low-flow hydrology in Waipi&#699;o Valley. In this report, the low-flow hydrology of Waipi&#699;o Valley is described in terms of flow-duration statistics. Flow-duration statistics were computed for three locations in the Waipi&#699;o Valley study area where long-term surface-water gaging stations have been operated. Using a variety of streamflow record-extension techniques, flow-duration statistics were estimated at an additional 13 locations where only few historical data are available or where discharge measurements were made as part of this study. Flow-duration statistics were computed to reflect natural conditions, current (2000-2005) diversion conditions, and proposed future diversion conditions at the 16 locations. At the downstream limit of the study area, on Wailoa Stream at an altitude of 190 feet, a baseline for evaluating the availability of streamflow is provided by computed flow-duration statistics that are representative of natural, no-diversion conditions. At the Wailoa gaging station, 95- and 50-percentile discharges under natural conditions were determined to be 86 and 112 cubic feet per second, respectively. Under 1965-1969 diversion conditions, natural 95- and 50-percentile discharges were reduced by 52 and 53 percent, to 41 and 53 cubic feet per second, respectively. Under current (2000-2005) diversion conditions, natural 95- and 50-percentile discharges were reduced by 21 and 24 percent, to 68 and 85 cubic feet per second, respectively. Under proposed future diversion conditions, natural 95- and 50-percentile discharges would be reduced by 33 and 24 percent, to 58 and 85 cubic feet per second, respectively. Compared to discharges that reflect current (2000-2005) diversion conditions, proposed future diversion conditions would reduce 95-percentile discharges, which are representative of moderate drought levels in the stream, by 15 percent. No change would be expected in 50-percentile discharges, which are representative of normal conditions. The effects of current (2000-2005) and proposed future diversion conditions on the natural flow of streams in the Waipi&#699;o Valley study area differ, depending on the location. Under current (2000-2005) diversion conditions, reductions in natural 95- or 50-percentile discharges of greater than 30 percent were found in Kawainui Stream downstream from Upper Hamakua Ditch to an altitude of about 1,435 feet and in the reach of Waimā Stream between Upper and Lower Hāmākua Ditches. Under proposed future diversion conditions, reductions in natural 95- or 50-percentile discharges of greater than 30 percent were found in Kawainui Stream downstream from Upper Hamakua Ditch to an altitude of about 1,435 feet, in the reach of Waimā Stream between Upper and Lower Hāmākua Ditches, and along most stream reaches downstream from Lower Hāmākua Ditch, except for Waimā Stream.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115118","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Hawaiʻi Office of Hawaiian Affairs","usgsCitation":"Fontaine, R.A., 2012, Low-flow characteristics of streams under natural and diversion conditions, Waipi&#699;o Valley, Island of Hawai&#699;i, Hawai&#699;i: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5118, ix, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115118.","productDescription":"ix, 80 p.","numberOfPages":"94","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263941,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5118.gif"},{"id":263939,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5118/"},{"id":263940,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5118/sir2011-5118.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","city":"Hawai?i","otherGeospatial":"Waipi?o Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 155.70,20.00 ], [ 155.70,20.15 ], [ 155.56,20.15 ], [ 155.56,20.00 ], [ 155.70,20.00 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c85615e4b03bc63bd679a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fontaine, Richard A. rfontain@usgs.gov","contributorId":2379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Richard","email":"rfontain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70041622,"text":"ofr20121242 - 2012 - Geomorphic analysis of the river response to sedimentation downstream of Mount Rainier, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-08T15:28:14","indexId":"ofr20121242","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1242","title":"Geomorphic analysis of the river response to sedimentation downstream of Mount Rainier, Washington","docAbstract":"A study of the geomorphology of rivers draining Mount Rainier, Washington, was completed to identify sources of sediment to the river network; to identify important processes in the sediment delivery system; to assess current sediment loads in rivers draining Mount Rainier; to evaluate if there were trends in streamflow or sediment load since the early 20th century; and to assess how rates of sedimentation might continue into the future using published climate-change scenarios.\n\nRivers draining Mount Rainier carry heavy sediment loads sourced primarily from the volcano that cause acute aggradation in deposition reaches as far away as the Puget Lowland. Calculated yields ranged from 2,000 tonnes per square kilometer per year [(tonnes/km<sup>2</sup>)/yr] on the upper Nisqually River to 350 (tonnes/km<sup>2</sup>)/yr on the lower Puyallup River, notably larger than sediment yields of 50–200 (tonnes/km2)/yr typical for other Cascade Range rivers. These rivers can be assumed to be in a general state of sediment surplus. As a result, future aggradation rates will be largely influenced by the underlying hydrology carrying sediment downstream. The active-channel width of rivers directly draining Mount Rainier in 2009, used as a proxy for sediment released from Mount Rainier, changed little between 1965 and 1994 reflecting a climatic period that was relatively quiet hydrogeomorphically. From 1994 to 2009, a marked increase in geomorphic disturbance caused the active channels in many river reaches to widen. Comparing active-channel widths of glacier-draining rivers in 2009 to the distance of glacier retreat between 1913 and 1994 showed no correlation, suggesting that geomorphic disturbance in river reaches directly downstream of glaciers is not strongly governed by the degree of glacial retreat. In contrast, there was a correlation between active-channel width and the percentage of superglacier debris mantling the glacier, as measured in 1971. A conceptual model of sediment delivery processes from the mountain indicates that rockfalls, glaciers, debris flows, and main-stem flooding act sequentially to deliver sediment from Mount Rainier to river reaches in the Puget Lowland over decadal time scales. Greater-than-normal runoff was associated with cool phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Streamflow-gaging station data from four unregulated rivers directly draining Mount Rainier indicated no statistically significant trends of increasing peak flows over the course of the 20th century.\n\nThe total sediment load of the upper Nisqually River from 1945 to 2011 was determined to be 1,200,000±180,000 tonnes/yr. The suspended-sediment load in the lower Puyallup River at Puyallup, Washington, was 860,000±300,000 tonnes/yr between 1978 and 1994, but the long-term load for the Puyallup River likely is about 1,000,000±400,000 tonnes/yr. Using a coarse-resolution bedload transport relation, the long-term average bedload was estimated to be about 30,000 tonnes/yr in the lower White River near Auburn, Washington, which was four times greater than bedload in the Puyallup River and an order of magnitude greater than bedload in the Carbon River. Analyses indicate a general increase in the sediment loads in Mount Rainier rivers in the 1990s and 2000s relative to the time period from the 1960s to 1980s. Data are insufficient, however, to determine definitively if post-1990 increases in sediment production and transport from Mount Rainier represent a statistically significant increase relative to sediment-load values typical from Mount Rainier during the entire 20th century.\n\nOne-dimensional river-hydraulic and sediment-transport models simulated the entrainment, transport, attrition, and deposition of bed material. Simulations showed that bed-material loads were largest for the Nisqually River and smallest for the Carbon River. The models were used to simulate how increases in sediment supply to rivers transport through the river systems and affect lowland reaches. For each simulation, the input sediment pulse evolved through a combination of translation, dispersion, and attrition as it moved downstream. The characteristic transport times for the median sediment-size pulse to arrive downstream for the Nisqually, Carbon, Puyallup, and White Rivers were approximately 70, 300, 80, and 60 years, respectively.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121242","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Pierce County Public Works and Utilities, Surface Water Management; and King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks, Water and Land Resources Division","usgsCitation":"Czuba, J., Magirl, C.S., Czuba, C.R., Curran, C.A., Johnson, K.H., Olsen, T.D., Kimball, H.K., and Gish, C.C., 2012, Geomorphic analysis of the river response to sedimentation downstream of Mount Rainier, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1242, xii, 134 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121242.","productDescription":"xii, 134 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.)","startPage":"i","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"150","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040356","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263870,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1242.jpg"},{"id":263868,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1242/"},{"id":263869,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1242/pdf/ofr20121242.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.79,45.54 ], [ -124.79,49.0 ], [ -116.92,49.0 ], [ -116.92,45.54 ], [ -124.79,45.54 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c46187e4b0e44331d07168","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czuba, Jonathan A.","contributorId":19917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czuba","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Czuba, Christiana R. cczuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":4555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czuba","given":"Christiana","email":"cczuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Curran, Christopher A. 0000-0001-8933-416X ccurran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8933-416X","contributorId":1650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curran","given":"Christopher","email":"ccurran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Kenneth H. johnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kenneth","email":"johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olsen, Theresa D. 0000-0003-4099-4057 tdolsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4099-4057","contributorId":1644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Theresa","email":"tdolsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kimball, Halley K.","contributorId":36431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Halley","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gish, Casey C.","contributorId":55245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gish","given":"Casey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70041519,"text":"sir20125227 - 2012 - Flood-inundation maps for a nine-mile reach of the Des Plaines River from Riverwoods to Mettawa, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-07T11:39:03","indexId":"sir20125227","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5227","title":"Flood-inundation maps for a nine-mile reach of the Des Plaines River from Riverwoods to Mettawa, Illinois","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 9-mile reach of the Des Plaines River from Riverwoods to Mettawa, Illinois, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Lake County Stormwater Management Commission and the Villages of Lincolnshire and Riverwoods. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at <a href=\"http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/\" target=\"_blank\">http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/</a>, depict estimates of the areal extent of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (gage heights) at the USGS streamgage at Des Plaines River at Lincolnshire, Illinois (station no. 05528100). Current conditions at the USGS streamgage may be obtained on the Internet at <a href=\"http://waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/nwis/uv?05528100\" target=\"_blank\">http://waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/nwis/uv?05528100</a>. In addition, this streamgage is incorporated into the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood warning system (<a href=\"http://water.weather.gov/ahps/\" target=\"_blank\">http://water.weather.gov/ahps/</a>) by the National Weather Service (NWS). The NWS forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that are often co-located at USGS streamgages. The NWS forecasted peak-stage information, also shown on the Des Plaines River at Lincolnshire inundation Web site, may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation. In this study, flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The hydraulic model was then used to determine seven water-surface profiles for flood stages at roughly 1-ft intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from the 50- to 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability flows. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a Geographic Information System (GIS) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) (derived from Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) data) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level. These maps, along with information on the Internet regarding current gage height from USGS streamgages and forecasted stream stages from the NWS, provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125227","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lake County Stormwater Management Commission and the Villages of Lincolnshire and Riverwoods","usgsCitation":"Murphy, E., Soong, D., and Sharpe, J.B., 2012, Flood-inundation maps for a nine-mile reach of the Des Plaines River from Riverwoods to Mettawa, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5227, Report: iv, 17 p.; Downloads Directory; 7 Sheets: 11.1 x 17 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125227.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 17 p.; Downloads Directory; 7 Sheets: 11.1 x 17 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263812,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5227.gif"},{"id":263804,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5227/Downloads"},{"id":263802,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5227/"},{"id":263803,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5227/pdf/SIR20125227_DesPlainesRiver_floodinundation.pdf"},{"id":263805,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5227/MapSheets/SIR20125227%20Map_Sheet_1.pdf"},{"id":263806,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5227/MapSheets/SIR20125227%20Map_Sheet_2.pdf"},{"id":263807,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5227/MapSheets/SIR20125227%20Map_Sheet_3.pdf"},{"id":263808,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5227/MapSheets/SIR20125227%20Map_Sheet_4.pdf"},{"id":263809,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5227/MapSheets/SIR20125227%20Map_Sheet_5.pdf"},{"id":263810,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5227/MapSheets/SIR20125227%20Map_Sheet_6.pdf"},{"id":263811,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5227/MapSheets/SIR20125227%20Map_Sheet_7.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Lincolnshire;Mettawa;Riverwoods","otherGeospatial":"Des Plaines River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.95,42.15 ], [ -87.95,42.25 ], [ -87.9,42.25 ], [ -87.9,42.15 ], [ -87.95,42.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c31024e4b0b57f2415d192","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":69660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soong, David T.","contributorId":87487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soong","given":"David T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharpe, Jennifer B. 0000-0002-5192-7848 jbsharpe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-7848","contributorId":2825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharpe","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbsharpe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041508,"text":"sir20125212 - 2012 - Ohio River backwater flood-inundation maps for the Saline and Wabash Rivers in southern Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T17:22:01","indexId":"sir20125212","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5212","title":"Ohio River backwater flood-inundation maps for the Saline and Wabash Rivers in southern Illinois","docAbstract":"<p>Digital flood-inundation maps for the Saline and Wabash Rivers referenced to elevations on the Ohio River in southern Illinois were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The inundation maps, accessible through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, depict estimates of the areal extent of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (gage heights) at the USGS streamgage at Ohio River at Old Shawneetown, Illinois-Kentucky (station number 03381700). Current gage height and flow conditions at this USGS streamgage may be obtained on the Internet at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/nwis/uv?03381700. In addition, this streamgage is incorporated into the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood warning system (http://water.weather.gov/ahps/) by the National Weather Service (NWS). The NWS forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that are often co-located at USGS streamgages. That NWS forecasted peak-stage information, also shown on the Ohio River at Old Shawneetown inundation Web site, may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation.</p>\n<br>\n<p>In this study, eight water-surface elevations were mapped at 5-foot (ft) intervals referenced to the streamgage datum ranging from just above the NWS Action Stage (31 ft) to above the maximum historical gage height (66 ft). The elevations of the water surfaces were compared to a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) by using a Geographic Information System (GIS) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level.</p>\n<br>\n<p>These maps, along with information on the Internet regarding current gage heights from USGS streamgages and forecasted stream stages from the NWS, provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125212","usgsCitation":"Murphy, E., Sharpe, J.B., and Soong, D., 2012, Ohio River backwater flood-inundation maps for the Saline and Wabash Rivers in southern Illinois (First posted December 5, 2012; Revised and reposted September 18, 2014, version 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5212, Report: iv, 20 p.; Downloads Directory; 8 Sheets: 16.99 x 11 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125212.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 20 p.; Downloads Directory; 8 Sheets: 16.99 x 11 inches","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20125212.jpg"},{"id":263741,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/pdf/map_sheet1_final.pdf"},{"id":263739,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/"},{"id":263740,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/Downloads"},{"id":263742,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/pdf/map_sheet2_final.pdf"},{"id":263743,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/pdf/map_sheet3_final.pdf"},{"id":263744,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/pdf/map_sheet4_final.pdf"},{"id":263745,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/pdf/map_sheet5_final.pdf"},{"id":263746,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/pdf/map_sheet6_final.pdf"},{"id":263747,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/pdf/map_sheet7_final.pdf"},{"id":263748,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/pdf/map_sheet8_final.pdf"},{"id":263754,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5212/pdf/SIR20125212_salineriver_web.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois;Kentucky","city":"Old Shawneetown","otherGeospatial":"Ohio River;Saline River;Wabash River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.666667,37.5 ], [ -88.666667,37.916667 ], [ -88.0,37.916667 ], [ -88.0,37.5 ], [ -88.666667,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"First posted December 5, 2012; Revised and reposted September 18, 2014, version 1.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c1be86e4b09fd40bb0eb23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":69660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharpe, Jennifer B. 0000-0002-5192-7848 jbsharpe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-7848","contributorId":2825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharpe","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbsharpe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soong, David T.","contributorId":87487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soong","given":"David T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041511,"text":"fs20123133 - 2012 - Wetland fire remote sensing research--The Greater Everglades example","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-06T21:52:54","indexId":"fs20123133","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3133","title":"Wetland fire remote sensing research--The Greater Everglades example","docAbstract":"Fire is a major factor in the Everglades ecosystem. For thousands of years, lightning-strike fires from summer thunderstorms have helped create and maintain a dynamic landscape suited both to withstand fire and recover quickly in the wake of frequent fires. Today, managers in the Everglades National Park are implementing controlled burns to promote healthy, sustainable vegetation patterns and ecosystem functions. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is using remote sensing to improve fire-management databases in the Everglades, gain insights into post-fire land-cover dynamics, and develop spatially and temporally explicit fire-scar data for habitat and hydrologic modeling.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123133","usgsCitation":"Jones, J., 2012, Wetland fire remote sensing research--The Greater Everglades example: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3133, 2 p.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123133.","productDescription":"2 p.; maps (col.)","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3133.gif"},{"id":263767,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3133/"},{"id":263768,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3133/pdf/fs2012-3133.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.5183,24.85 ], [ -81.5183,25.8899 ], [ -80.3887,25.8899 ], [ -80.3887,24.85 ], [ -81.5183,24.85 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c1bea4e4b09fd40bb0eb3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, John W. 0000-0001-6117-3691 jwjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-3691","contributorId":2220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"jwjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70041307,"text":"sir20125156 - 2012 - Estimated probability of arsenic in groundwater from bedrock aquifers in New Hampshire, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T15:53:54","indexId":"sir20125156","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5156","title":"Estimated probability of arsenic in groundwater from bedrock aquifers in New Hampshire, 2011","docAbstract":"<p>Probabilities of arsenic occurrence in groundwater from bedrock aquifers at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 micrograms per liter (&micro;g/L) were estimated during 2011 using multivariate logistic regression. These estimates were developed for use by the New Hampshire Environmental Public Health Tracking Program. About 39 percent of New Hampshire bedrock groundwater was identified as having at least a 50 percent chance of containing an arsenic concentration greater than or equal to 1 &micro;g/L. This compares to about 7 percent of New Hampshire bedrock groundwater having at least a 50 percent chance of containing an arsenic concentration equaling or exceeding 5 &micro;g/L and about 5 percent of the State having at least a 50 percent chance for its bedrock groundwater to contain concentrations at or above 10 &micro;g/L. The southeastern counties of Merrimack, Strafford, Hillsborough, and Rockingham have the greatest potential for having arsenic concentrations above 5 and 10 &micro;g/L in bedrock groundwater.</p>\n<p>Significant predictors of arsenic in groundwater from bedrock aquifers for all three thresholds analyzed included geologic, geochemical, land use, hydrologic, topographic, and demographic factors. Among the three thresholds evaluated, there were some differences in explanatory variables, but many variables were the same. More than 250 individual predictor variables were assembled for this study and tested as potential predictor variables for the models. More than 1,700 individual measurements of arsenic concentration from a combination of public and private water-supply wells served as the dependent (or predicted) variable in the models.</p>\n<p>The statewide maps generated by the probability models are not designed to predict arsenic concentration in any single well, but they are expected to provide useful information in areas of the State that currently contain little to no data on arsenic concentration. They also may aid in resource decision making, in determining potential risk for private wells, and in ecological-level analysis of disease outcomes. The approach for modeling arsenic in groundwater could also be applied to other environmental contaminants that have potential implications for human health, such as uranium, radon, fluoride, manganese, volatile organic compounds, nitrate, and bacteria.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125156","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services and the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services","usgsCitation":"Ayotte, J., Cahillane, M., Hayes, L., and Robinson, K.W., 2012, Estimated probability of arsenic in groundwater from bedrock aquifers in New Hampshire, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5156, Report: vi, 25 p.; Geospatial Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125156.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 25 p.; Geospatial 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,{"id":70041359,"text":"sir20125246 - 2012 - Simulated effects of hydrologic, water quality, and land-use changes of the Lake Maumelle watershed, Arkansas, 2004–10","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":99012,"text":"sir20105239 - 2011 - Effects of Simulated Land-Use Changes on Water Quality of Lake Maumelle, Arkansas","indexId":"sir20105239","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of Simulated Land-Use Changes on Water Quality of Lake Maumelle, Arkansas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70041359,"text":"sir20125246 - 2012 - Simulated effects of hydrologic, water quality, and land-use changes of the Lake Maumelle watershed, Arkansas, 2004–10","indexId":"sir20125246","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Simulated effects of hydrologic, water quality, and land-use changes of the Lake Maumelle watershed, Arkansas, 2004–10"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-04T11:23:00","indexId":"sir20125246","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5246","title":"Simulated effects of hydrologic, water quality, and land-use changes of the Lake Maumelle watershed, Arkansas, 2004–10","docAbstract":"Lake Maumelle, located in central Arkansas northwest of the cities of Little Rock and North Little Rock, is one of two principal drinking-water supplies for the Little Rock, and North Little Rock, Arkansas, metropolitan areas. Lake Maumelle and the Maumelle River (its primary tributary) are more pristine than most other reservoirs and streams in the region with 80 percent of the land area in the entire watershed being forested. However, as the Lake Maumelle watershed becomes increasingly more urbanized and timber harvesting becomes more extensive, concerns about the sustainability of the quality of the water supply also have increased.\n\nTwo hydrodynamic and water-quality models were developed to examine the hydrology and water quality in the Lake Maumelle watershed and changes that might occur as the watershed becomes more urbanized and timber harvesting becomes more extensive. A Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN watershed model was developed using continuous streamflow and discreet suspended-sediment and water-quality data collected from January 2004 through 2010. A CE–QUAL–W2 model was developed to simulate reservoir hydrodynamics and selected water-quality characteristics using the simulated output from the Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN model from January 2004 through 2010.\n\nThe calibrated Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN model and the calibrated CE–QUAL–W2 model were developed to simulate three land-use scenarios and to examine the potential effects of these land-use changes, as defined in the model, on the water quality of Lake Maumelle during the 2004 through 2010 simulation period. These scenarios included a scenario that simulated conversion of most land in the watershed to forest (scenario 1), a scenario that simulated conversion of potentially developable land to low-intensity urban land use in part of the watershed (scenario 2), and a scenario that simulated timber harvest in part of the watershed (scenario 3). Simulated land-use changes for scenarios 1 and 3 resulted in little (generally less than 10 percent) overall effect on the simulated water quality in the Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN model. The land-use change of scenario 2 affected subwatersheds that include Bringle, Reece, and Yount Creek tributaries and most other subwatersheds that drain into the northern side of Lake Maumelle; large percent increases in loading rates (generally between 10 and 25 percent) included dissolved nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, dissolved orthophosphate, total phosphorus, suspended sediment, dissolved ammonia nitrogen, total organic carbon, and fecal coliform bacteria.\n\nFor scenario 1, the simulated changes in nutrient, suspended sediment, and total organic carbon loads from the Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN model resulted in very slight (generally less than 10 percent) changes in simulated water quality for Lake Maumelle, relative to the baseline condition. Following lake mixing in the falls of 2006 and 2007, phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations were higher than the baseline condition and chlorophyll a responded accordingly. The increased nutrient and chlorophyll a concentrations in late October and into 2007 were enough to increase concentrations, on average, for the entire simulation period (2004–10). For scenario 2, the simulated changes in nutrient, suspended sediment, total organic carbon, and fecal coliform bacteria loads from the Lake Maumelle watershed resulted in slight changes in simulated water quality for Lake Maumelle, relative to the baseline condition (total nitrogen decreased by 0.01 milligram per liter; dissolved orthophosphate increased by 0.001 milligram per liter; chlorophyll a decreased by 0.1 microgram per liter). The differences in these concentrations are approximately an order of magnitude less than the error between measured and simulated concentrations in the baseline model. During the driest summer in the simulation period (2006), phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations were lower than the baseline condition and chlorophyll a concentrations decreased during the same summer season. The decrease in nitrogen and chlorophyll a concentrations during the dry summer in 2006 was enough to decrease concentrations of these constituents very slightly, on average, for the entire simulation period (2004–10). For scenario 3, the changes in simulated nutrient, suspended sediment, total organic carbon, and fecal coliform bacteria loads from Lake Maumelle watershed resulted in very slight changes in simulated water quality within Lake Maumelle, relative to the baseline condition, for most of the reservoir.\n\nAmong the implications of the results of the modeling described in this report are those related to scale in both space and time. Spatial scales include limited size and location of land-use changes, their effects on loading rates, and resultant effects on water quality of Lake Maumelle. Temporally, the magnitude of the water-quality changes simulated by the land-use change scenarios over the 7-year period (2004–10) are not necessarily indicative of the changes that could be expected to occur with similar land-use changes persisting over a 20-, 30-, or 40- year period, for example. These implications should be tempered by realization of the described model limitations.\n\nThe Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN watershed model was calibrated to streamflow and water-quality data from five streamflow-gaging stations, and in general, these stations characterize a range of subwatershed areas with varying land-use types. The CE–QUAL–W2 reservoir model was calibrated to water-quality data collected during January 2004 through December 2010 at three reservoir stations, representing the upper, middle, and lower sections of the reservoir.\n\nIn general, the baseline simulation for the Hydrologic Simulation Program–FORTRAN and the CE–QUAL–W2 models matched reasonably well to the measured data. Simulated and measured suspended-sediment concentrations during periods of base flow (streamflows not substantially influenced by runoff) agree reasonably well for Maumelle River at Williams Junction, the station representing the upper end of the watershed (with differences—simulated minus measured value—generally ranging from -15 to 41 milligrams per liter, and percent difference—relative to the measured value—ranging from -99 to 182 percent) and Maumelle River near Wye, the station just above the reservoir at the lower end (differences generally ranging from -20 to 22 milligrams per liter, and percent difference ranging from -100 to 194 percent). In general, water temperature and dissolved-oxygen concentration simulations followed measured seasonal trends for all stations with the largest differences occurring during periods of lowest temperatures or during the periods of lowest measured dissolved-oxygen concentrations.\n\nFor the CE–QUAL–W2 model, simulated vertical distributions of water temperatures and dissolved-oxygen concentrations agreed with measured vertical distributions over time, even for the most complex water-temperature profiles. Considering the oligotrophic-mesotrophic (low to intermediate primary productivity and associated low nutrient concentrations) condition of Lake Maumelle, simulated algae, phosphorus, and nitrogen concentrations compared well with generally low measured concentrations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125246","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Central Arkansas Water","usgsCitation":"Hart, R.M., Green, W.R., Westerman, D.A., Petersen, J., and DeLanois, J.L., 2012, Simulated effects of hydrologic, water quality, and land-use changes of the Lake Maumelle watershed, Arkansas, 2004–10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5246, ix, 119 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125246.","productDescription":"ix, 119 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.)","startPage":"i","endPage":"119","numberOfPages":"132","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263666,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5246.gif"},{"id":263664,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5246/"},{"id":263665,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5246/sir2012-5246.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Lake Maumelle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.62,33.0 ], [ -94.62,36.5 ], [ -89.65,36.5 ], [ -89.65,33.0 ], [ -94.62,33.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50bfba04e4b01744973f77ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Rheannon M. 0000-0003-4657-5945 rmhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4657-5945","contributorId":5516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Rheannon","email":"rmhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, W. Reed","contributorId":87886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Reed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Westerman, Drew A. 0000-0002-8522-776X dawester@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-776X","contributorId":4526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westerman","given":"Drew","email":"dawester@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petersen, James C. petersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"James C.","email":"petersen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeLanois, Jeanne L.","contributorId":58531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLanois","given":"Jeanne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70118123,"text":"70118123 - 2012 - The genetic structure of a relict population of wood frogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T09:59:24","indexId":"70118123","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T15:51:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The genetic structure of a relict population of wood frogs","docAbstract":"<p>Habitat fragmentation and the associated reduction in connectivity between habitat patches are commonly cited causes of genetic differentiation and reduced genetic variation in animal populations. We used eight microsatellite markers to investigate genetic structure and levels of genetic diversity in a relict population of wood frogs (<i>Lithobates sylvatica</i>) in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, where recent disturbances have altered hydrologic processes and fragmented amphibian habitat. We also estimated migration rates among subpopulations, tested for a pattern of isolation-by-distance, and looked for evidence of a recent population bottleneck. The results from the clustering algorithm in Program STRUCTURE indicated the population is partitioned into two genetic clusters (subpopulations), and this result was further supported by factorial component analysis. In addition, an estimate of FST (FST = 0.0675, P value \\0.0001) supported the genetic differentiation of the two clusters. Estimates of migration rates among the two subpopulations were low, as were estimates of genetic variability. Conservation of the population of wood frogs may be improved by increasing the spatial distribution of the population and improving gene flow between the subpopulations. Construction or restoration of wetlands in the landscape between the clusters has the potential to address each of these objectives.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10592-012-0395-1","usgsCitation":"Scherer, R., Muths, E., Noon, B., and Oyler-McCance, S., 2012, The genetic structure of a relict population of wood frogs: Conservation Genetics, v. 13, no. 6, p. 1521-1530, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-012-0395-1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1521","endPage":"1530","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291049,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291048,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-012-0395-1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.913714,40.158067 ], [ -105.913714,40.553787 ], [ -105.493583,40.553787 ], [ -105.493583,40.158067 ], [ -105.913714,40.158067 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"13","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412b9c0e4b0239f1986bb1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scherer, Rick","contributorId":67427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scherer","given":"Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muths, Erin 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":14012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noon, Barry","contributorId":64934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noon","given":"Barry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oyler-McCance, Sara","contributorId":96820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"Sara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042778,"text":"70042778 - 2012 - High-resolution tephrochronology of the Wilson Creek Formation (Mono Lake, California) and Laschamp event using <sup>238</sup>U-<sup>230</sup>Th SIMS dating of accessory mineral rims","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-31T08:28:34","indexId":"70042778","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution tephrochronology of the Wilson Creek Formation (Mono Lake, California) and Laschamp event using <sup>238</sup>U-<sup>230</sup>Th SIMS dating of accessory mineral rims","docAbstract":"Sediments of the Wilson Creek Formation surrounding Mono Lake preserve a high-resolution archive of glacial and pluvial responses along the eastern Sierra Nevada due to late Pleistocene climate change. An absolute chronology for the Wilson Creek stratigraphy is critical for correlating the paleoclimate record to other archives in the western U.S. and the North Atlantic region. However, multiple attempts to date the Wilson Creek stratigraphy using carbonates and tephras yield discordant results due to open-system effects and radiocarbon reservoir uncertainties as well as abundant xenocrysts. New ion microprobe <sup>238</sup>U-<sup>230</sup>Th dating of the final increments of crystallization recorded by allanite and zircon autocrysts from juvenile pyroclasts yield ages that effectively date eruption of key tephra beds and delimit the timing of basal Wilson Creek sedimentation to the interval between 26.8±2.1 and 61.7±1.9 ka. Tephra (Ash 15) erupted during the geomagnetic excursion originally designated the Mono Lake excursion yields an age of 40.8±1.9 ka, indicating that the event is instead the Laschamp excursion. The new ages support a depositional chronology from magnetostratigraphy that indicates quasi-synchronous glacial and hydrologic responses in the Sierra Nevada and Mono Basin to regional climate change, with intervals of lake filling and glacial-snowpack melting that are in phase with peaks in spring insolation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2012.09.013","usgsCitation":"Vazquez, J.A., and Lidzbarski, M.I., 2012, High-resolution tephrochronology of the Wilson Creek Formation (Mono Lake, California) and Laschamp event using <sup>238</sup>U-<sup>230</sup>Th SIMS dating of accessory mineral rims: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 357-358, p. 54-67, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.09.013.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"67","ipdsId":"IP-042979","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273020,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.09.013"},{"id":273021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Wilson Creek;Mono Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.15,37.94 ], [ -119.15,38.07 ], [ -118.91,38.07 ], [ -118.91,37.94 ], [ -119.15,37.94 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"357-358","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a874e5e4b082d85d5ed89d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vazquez, Jorge A. 0000-0003-2754-0456 jvazquez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0456","contributorId":4458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jorge","email":"jvazquez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lidzbarski, Marsha I. mlidzbarski@usgs.gov","contributorId":5346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidzbarski","given":"Marsha","email":"mlidzbarski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041257,"text":"70041257 - 2012 - Assessing future risks to agricultural productivity, water resources and food security: How can remote sensing help?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T14:51:55","indexId":"70041257","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing future risks to agricultural productivity, water resources and food security: How can remote sensing help?","docAbstract":"Although global food production has been rising, the world sti ll faces a major food security challenge. Over one billion people are currently undernourished (Wheeler and Kay, 2010). By the 2050s, the human population is projected to grow to 9.1 billion. Over three-quarters of these people will be living in developing countries, in regions that already lack the capacity to feed their populations . Under current agricultural practices, the increased demand for food would require in excess of one billion hectares of new cropland, nearly equivalent to the land area of the United States, and would lead to significant increases in greenhouse gases (Tillman <i>et al.</i>, 2011). Since climate is the primary determinant of agricultural productivity, changes to it will influence not only crop yields, but also hydrologic balances and supplies of inputs to managed farming systems, and may lead to a shift in the geographic location of some crops . Therefore, not only must crop productivity (yield per unit of land; kg/m<sup>2</sup>) increase, but water productivity (yield per unit of water or \"crop per drop\"; kg/m<sup>3</sup>) must increase as well in order to feed a burgeoning population against a backdrop\nof changing dietary consumption patterns, a changing climate and the growing scarcity of water and land (Beddington, 2010). The impact from these changes wi ll affect the viability of both dryland subsistence and irrigated commodity food production (Knox, <i>et al.</i>, 2010a). Since climate is a primary determinant of agricultural productivity, any changes will influence not only crop yields, but also the hydrologic balances, and supplies of inputs to managed farming systems as well as potentially shifting the geographic location for specific crops . Unless concerted and collective action is taken, society risks worldwide food shortages, scarcity of water resources and insufficient energy. This has the potential to unleash public unrest, cross-border conflicts and migration as people flee the worst-affected regions to seck refuge in \"safe havens\", a situation that Beddington described as the \"perfect storm\" (2010).","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"Thenkabail, P.S., Knox, J.W., Ozdogan, M., Gumma, M., Congalton, R., Wu, Z., Milesi, C., Finkral, A., Marshall, M., Mariotto, I., You, S., Giri, C., and Nagler, P., 2012, Assessing future risks to agricultural productivity, water resources and food security: How can remote sensing help?: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 78, no. 8, p. 773-782.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"773","endPage":"782","ipdsId":"IP-035587","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263533,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"78","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d8412be4b0064e695a0a0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thenkabail, Prasad S. 0000-0002-2182-8822 pthenkabail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2182-8822","contributorId":570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"Prasad","email":"pthenkabail@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knox, Jerry W.","contributorId":26947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knox","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ozdogan, Mutlu","contributorId":32060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ozdogan","given":"Mutlu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gumma, Murali Krishna","contributorId":50426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gumma","given":"Murali Krishna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Congalton, Russell G.","contributorId":84646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Congalton","given":"Russell G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wu, Zhuoting 0000-0001-7393-1832 zwu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7393-1832","contributorId":4953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Zhuoting","email":"zwu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":498,"text":"Office of Land Remote Sensing (Geography)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Milesi, Cristina","contributorId":107590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milesi","given":"Cristina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Finkral, Alex","contributorId":92947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkral","given":"Alex","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Marshall, Mike","contributorId":52473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mariotto, Isabella","contributorId":14140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariotto","given":"Isabella","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"You, Songcai","contributorId":71459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"You","given":"Songcai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Giri, Chandra cgiri@usgs.gov","contributorId":2403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giri","given":"Chandra","email":"cgiri@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela 0000-0003-0674-103X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":8748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70176442,"text":"70176442 - 2012 - Groundwater depletion and sustainability of irrigation in the US High Plains and Central Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-26T17:02:32.884896","indexId":"70176442","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater depletion and sustainability of irrigation in the US High Plains and Central Valley","docAbstract":"<p><span>Aquifer overexploitation could significantly impact crop production in the United States because 60% of irrigation relies on groundwater. Groundwater depletion in the irrigated High Plains and California Central Valley accounts for ∼50% of groundwater depletion in the United States since 1900. A newly developed High Plains recharge map shows that high recharge in the northern High Plains results in sustainable pumpage, whereas lower recharge in the central and southern High Plains has resulted in focused depletion of 330 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;of fossil groundwater, mostly recharged during the past 13,000 y. Depletion is highly localized with about a third of depletion occurring in 4% of the High Plains land area. Extrapolation of the current depletion rate suggests that 35% of the southern High Plains will be unable to support irrigation within the next 30 y. Reducing irrigation withdrawals could extend the lifespan of the aquifer but would not result in sustainable management of this fossil groundwater. The Central Valley is a more dynamic, engineered system, with north/south diversions of surface water since the 1950s contributing to ∼7× higher recharge. However, these diversions are regulated because of impacts on endangered species. A newly developed Central Valley Hydrologic Model shows that groundwater depletion since the 1960s, totaling 80 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>, occurs mostly in the south (Tulare Basin) and primarily during droughts. Increasing water storage through artificial recharge of excess surface water in aquifers by up to 3 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;shows promise for coping with droughts and improving sustainability of groundwater resources in the Central Valley.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1200311109","usgsCitation":"Scanlon, B., Faunt, C., Longuevergne, L., Reedy, R., Alley, W.M., McGuire, V.L., and McMahon, P.B., 2012, Groundwater depletion and sustainability of irrigation in the US High Plains and Central Valley: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 109, no. 24, p. 9320-9325, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1200311109.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"9320","endPage":"9325","ipdsId":"IP-036663","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/hal-00710431","text":"External Repository"},{"id":328635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Colorago, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley, High Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.0478515625,\n              35.42486791930558\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.091796875,\n              36.421282443649496\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.68505859375,\n              37.26530995561875\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.97021484374999,\n              39.9602803542957\n            ],\n           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Laurent","contributorId":83014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longuevergne","given":"Laurent","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reedy, Robert C.","contributorId":92956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reedy","given":"Robert C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Alley, William M. walley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"William","email":"walley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGuire, Virginia L. 0000-0002-3962-4158 vlmcguir@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-4158","contributorId":404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Virginia","email":"vlmcguir@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McMahon, Peter B. 0000-0001-7452-2379 pmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Peter","email":"pmcmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70188518,"text":"70188518 - 2012 - Characterizing post-drainage succession in Thermokarst Lake Basins on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska with TerraSAR-X Backscatter and Landsat-based NDVI data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T14:12:02","indexId":"70188518","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing post-drainage succession in Thermokarst Lake Basins on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska with TerraSAR-X Backscatter and Landsat-based NDVI data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Drained thermokarst lake basins accumulate significant amounts of soil organic carbon in the form of peat, which is of interest to understanding carbon cycling and climate change feedbacks associated with thermokarst in the Arctic. Remote sensing is a tool useful for understanding temporal and spatial dynamics of drained basins. In this study, we tested the application of high-resolution X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data of the German TerraSAR-X satellite from the 2009 growing season (July–September) for characterizing drained thermokarst lake basins of various age in the ice-rich permafrost region of the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska. To enhance interpretation of patterns identified in X-band SAR for these basins, we also analyzed the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) calculated from a Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper image acquired on July 2009 and compared both X-band SAR and NDVI data with observations of basin age. We found significant logarithmic relationships between (a) TerraSAR-X backscatter and basin age from 0 to 10,000 years, (b) Landat-5 TM NDVI and basin age from 0 to 10,000 years, and (c) TerraSAR-X backscatter and basin age from 50 to 10,000 years. NDVI was a better indicator of basin age over a period of 0–10,000 years. However, TerraSAR-X data performed much better for discriminating radiocarbon-dated basins (50–10,000 years old). No clear relationships were found for either backscatter or NDVI and basin age from 0 to 50 years. We attribute the decreasing trend of backscatter and NDVI with increasing basin age to post-drainage changes in the basin surface. Such changes include succession in vegetation, soils, hydrology, and renewed permafrost aggradation, ground ice accumulation and localized frost heave. Results of this study show the potential application of X-band SAR data in combination with NDVI data to map long-term succession dynamics of drained thermokarst lake basins.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Remote Sensing","doi":"10.3390/rs4123741","usgsCitation":"Regmi, P., Grosse, G., Jones, M.C., Jones, B.M., and Walter Anthony, K., 2012, Characterizing post-drainage succession in Thermokarst Lake Basins on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska with TerraSAR-X Backscatter and Landsat-based NDVI data: Remote Sensing, v. 4, p. 3741-3765, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs4123741.","productDescription":"25 p. ","startPage":"3741","endPage":"3765","ipdsId":"IP-041633","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs4123741","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342501,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Seward Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.4443359375,\n              66.46066349658045\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.806640625,\n              66.23145747862573\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.3779296875,\n              66.12496236487968\n            ],\n            [\n              -163.30078125,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ],\n            [\n              -163.564453125,\n              66.42553717157787\n            ],\n            [\n              -163.564453125,\n              66.65297740055279\n            ],\n            [\n              -164.35546875,\n              66.75724984139227\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.9375,\n              66.58321725728175\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.2119140625,\n              66.31986144668052\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.00292968749997,\n              66.01801815922045\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.7060546875,\n              65.4034447883078\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.6953125,\n              64.4348920430406\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.9814453125,\n              64.01449619484472\n            ],\n            [\n              -163.30078125,\n              63.93737246791484\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.20214843749997,\n              64.35893097894458\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.3232421875,\n              64.60503753178527\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.0595703125,\n              64.77412531292873\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.4443359375,\n              65.164578884019\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.26855468749997,\n              65.56754970214311\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.048828125,\n              65.92855383515203\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.4443359375,\n              66.46066349658045\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59424b3de4b0764e6c65dc75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Regmi, Prajna","contributorId":192910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regmi","given":"Prajna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":146182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12916,"text":"Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Miriam C. 0000-0002-6650-7619 miriamjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6650-7619","contributorId":4056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Miriam","email":"miriamjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walter Anthony, Katey","contributorId":192911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter Anthony","given":"Katey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70040738,"text":"70040738 - 2012 - Expanded stream gauging includes groundwater data and trends","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-18T14:46:11","indexId":"70040738","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expanded stream gauging includes groundwater data and trends","docAbstract":"Population growth has increased water scarcity to the point that documenting current amounts of worldwide water resources is now as critical as any data collection in the Earth sciences. As a key element of this data collection, stream gauges yield continuous hydrologic information and document long-term trends, recording high-frequency hydrologic information over decadal to centennial time frames.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2012EO480002","usgsCitation":"Constantz, J., Barlow, J.R., Eddy-Miller, C., Caldwell, R.R., and Wheeler, J.D., 2012, Expanded stream gauging includes groundwater data and trends: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 93, no. 48, p. 497-497, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012EO480002.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"497","endPage":"497","ipdsId":"IP-038889","costCenters":[{"id":441,"text":"National Research Program Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263445,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263444,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012EO480002"}],"volume":"93","issue":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50dcb6cbe4b0d55926e3f32b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Constantz, James E. 0000-0002-4062-2096 jconstan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4062-2096","contributorId":1962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"James E.","email":"jconstan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, Jeannie R. B. 0000-0002-0799-4656 jbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-4656","contributorId":3701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Jeannie","email":"jbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eddy-Miller, Cheryl","contributorId":55305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eddy-Miller","given":"Cheryl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caldwell, Rodney R. 0000-0002-2588-715X caldwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-715X","contributorId":2577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Rodney","email":"caldwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wheeler, Jerrod D. 0000-0002-0533-8700 jwheele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0533-8700","contributorId":1893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Jerrod","email":"jwheele@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70040956,"text":"ofr20121240 - 2012 - Geomorphic and hydrologic study of peak-flow management on the Cedar River, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-27T16:26:42","indexId":"ofr20121240","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1240","title":"Geomorphic and hydrologic study of peak-flow management on the Cedar River, Washington","docAbstract":"Assessing the linkages between high-flow events, geomorphic response, and effects on stream ecology is critical to river management. High flows on the gravel-bedded Cedar River in Washington are important to the geomorphic function of the river; however, high flows can deleteriously affect salmon embryos incubating in streambed gravels. A geomorphic analysis of the Cedar River showed evidence of historical changes in river form over time and quantified the effects of anthropogenic alterations to the river corridor. Field measurements with accelerometer scour monitors buried in the streambed provided insight into the depth and timing of streambed scour during high-flow events. Combined with a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, the recorded accelerometer disturbances allowed the prediction of streambed disturbance at the burial depth of Chinook and sockeye salmon egg pockets for different peak discharges. Insight gained from these analyses led to the development of suggested monitoring metrics for an ongoing geomorphic monitoring program on the Cedar River.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121240","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Seattle Public Utilities","usgsCitation":"Magirl, C.S., Gendaszek, A.S., Czuba, C.R., Konrad, C.P., and Marineau, M.D., 2012, Geomorphic and hydrologic study of peak-flow management on the Cedar River, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1240, Report: iv, 4p.; Slide Presentation: 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121240.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 4p.; Slide Presentation: 61 p.","numberOfPages":"69","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-040808","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1240.jpg"},{"id":263426,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1240/"},{"id":263427,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1240/pdf/ofr20121240.pdf"},{"id":263428,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1240/pdf/ofr20121240_slidePresentation.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Renton","otherGeospatial":"Cedar River;Chester Morse Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.333333,47.333333 ], [ -122.333333,47.5 ], [ -121.5,47.5 ], [ -121.5,47.333333 ], [ -122.333333,47.333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50de2214e4b0e31bb0295327","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gendaszek, Andrew S. 0000-0002-2373-8986 agendasz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2373-8986","contributorId":3509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gendaszek","given":"Andrew","email":"agendasz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Czuba, Christiana R. cczuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":4555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czuba","given":"Christiana","email":"cczuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":469181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Konrad, Christopher P. 0000-0002-7354-547X cpkonrad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-547X","contributorId":1716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konrad","given":"Christopher","email":"cpkonrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marineau, Mathieu D. 0000-0002-6568-0743 mmarineau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6568-0743","contributorId":4954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marineau","given":"Mathieu","email":"mmarineau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70182150,"text":"70182150 - 2012 - Soil-water dynamics and unsaturated storage during snowmelt following wildfire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-17T10:02:03","indexId":"70182150","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil-water dynamics and unsaturated storage during snowmelt following wildfire","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many forested watersheds with a substantial fraction of precipitation delivered as snow have the potential for landscape disturbance by wildfire. Little is known about the immediate effects of wildfire on snowmelt and near-surface hydrologic responses, including soil-water storage. Montane systems at the rain-snow transition have soil-water dynamics that are further complicated during the snowmelt period by strong aspect controls on snowmelt and soil thawing. Here we present data from field measurements of snow hydrology and subsurface hydrologic and temperature responses during the first winter and spring after the September 2010 Fourmile Canyon Fire in Colorado, USA. Our observations of soil-water content and soil temperature show sharp contrasts in hydrologic and thermal conditions between north- and south-facing slopes. South-facing burned soils were ∼1–2 °C warmer on average than north-facing burned soils and ∼1.5 °C warmer than south-facing unburned soils, which affected soil thawing during the snowmelt period. Soil-water dynamics also differed by aspect: in response to soil thawing, soil-water content increased approximately one month earlier on south-facing burned slopes than on north-facing burned slopes. While aspect and wildfire affect soil-water dynamics during snowmelt, soil-water storage at the end of the snowmelt period reached the value at field capacity for each plot, suggesting that post-snowmelt unsaturated storage was not substantially influenced by aspect in wildfire-affected areas. Our data and analysis indicate that the amount of snowmelt-driven groundwater recharge may be larger in wildfire-impacted areas, especially on south-facing slopes, because of earlier soil thaw and longer durations of soil-water contents above field capacity in those areas.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geophysical Society","publisherLocation":"Katlenburg-Lindau","doi":"10.5194/hess-16-1401-2012","usgsCitation":"Ebel, B.A., Hinckley, E., and Martin, D.A., 2012, Soil-water dynamics and unsaturated storage during snowmelt following wildfire: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 16, p. 1401-1417, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1401-2012.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1401","endPage":"1417","ipdsId":"IP-034382","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1401-2012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":335802,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a819b8e4b025c46429afd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":2557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hinckley, E.S.","contributorId":181852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinckley","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Deborah A. 0000-0001-8237-0838 damartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8237-0838","contributorId":168662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Deborah","email":"damartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70040846,"text":"sir20125245 - 2012 - Evaluation of streambed scour at bridges over tidal waterways in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-21T13:39:55","indexId":"sir20125245","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5245","title":"Evaluation of streambed scour at bridges over tidal waterways in Alaska","docAbstract":"The potential for streambed scour was evaluated at 41 bridges that cross tidal waterways in Alaska. These bridges are subject to several coastal and riverine processes that have the potential, individually or in combination, to induce streambed scour or to damage the structure or adjacent channel. The proximity of a bridge to the ocean and water-surface elevation and velocity data collected over a tidal cycle were criteria used to identify the flow regime at each bridge, whether tidal, riverine, or mixed, that had the greatest potential to induce streambed scour. Water-surface elevations measured through at least one tide cycle at 32 bridges were correlated to water levels at the nearest tide station. Asymmetry of the tidal portion of the hydrograph during the outgoing tide at 12 bridges indicated that riverine flows were stored upstream of the bridge during the tidal exchange. This scenario results in greater discharges and velocities during the outgoing tide compared to those on the incoming tide. Velocity data were collected during outgoing tides at 10 bridges that experienced complete flow reversals, and measured velocities during the outgoing tide exceeded the critical velocity required to initiate sediment transport at three sites. The primary risk for streambed scour at most of the sites considered in this study is from riverine flows rather than tidal fluctuations. A scour evaluation for riverine flow was completed at 35 bridges. Scour from riverine flow was not the primary risk for six tidally-controlled bridges and therefore not evaluated at those sites. Field data including channel cross sections, a discharge measurement, and a water-surface slope were collected at the 35 bridges. Channel instability was identified at 14 bridges where measurable scour and or fill were noted in repeated surveys of channel cross sections at the bridge. Water-surface profiles for the 1-percent annual exceedance probability discharge were calculated by using the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System model, and scour depths were calculated using methods recommended by the Federal Highway Administration. Computed contraction-scour depths were greater than 2.0 feet at five bridges and computed pier-scour depths were 4.0 feet or greater at 15 bridges. The potential for streambed scour by both coastal and riverine processes at the bridges considered in this study were evaluated, ranked, and summed to determine a cumulative risk factor for each bridge. Possible factors that could mitigate the scour risks were investigated at 22 bridges that had high individual or cumulative rankings. Mitigating factors such as piers founded in bedrock, deep pier foundations relative to scour depths, and lack of observed scour during field measurements were documented for 13 sites, but additional study and monitoring is needed to better quantify the streambed scour potential for nine sites. Three bridges prone to being affected by storm surges will require more data collection and possibly complex hydrodynamic modeling to accurately quantify the streambed scour potential. Continuous monitoring of water-surface and streambed elevation at one or more piers is needed for two bridges to better understand the tidal and riverine influences on streambed scour.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125245","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities","usgsCitation":"Conaway, J.S., and Schauer, P.V., 2012, Evaluation of streambed scour at bridges over tidal waterways in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5245, Report: vi, 38 p.; Appendixes A and B, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125245.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 38 p.; Appendixes A and B","numberOfPages":"48","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263327,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5245.jpg"},{"id":263323,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5245/"},{"id":263324,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5245/pdf/sir20125245.pdf"},{"id":263325,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5245/sir20125245_AppendixA.xlsx"},{"id":263326,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5245/sir20125245_AppendixB.xlsx"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -170.0,51.0 ], [ -170.0,62.0 ], [ -130.0,62.0 ], [ -130.0,51.0 ], [ -170.0,51.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50aca678e4b0ae6a8f88bb9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conaway, Jeffrey S. 0000-0002-3036-592X jconaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-592X","contributorId":2026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jconaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schauer, Paul V. 0000-0001-5529-4649 pschauer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5529-4649","contributorId":5779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schauer","given":"Paul","email":"pschauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70040844,"text":"70040844 - 2012 - Reference hydrologic networks II. Using reference hydrologic networks to assess climate-driven changes in streamflow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-20T20:02:57","indexId":"70040844","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1927,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reference hydrologic networks II. Using reference hydrologic networks to assess climate-driven changes in streamflow","docAbstract":"Reference hydrologic networks (RHNs) can play an important role in monitoring for changes in the hydrological regime related to climate variation and change. Currently, the literature concerning hydrological response to climate variations is complex and confounded by the combinations of many methods of analysis, wide variations in hydrology, and the inclusion of data series that include changes in land use, storage regulation and water use in addition to those of climate. Three case studies that illustrate a variety of approaches to the analysis of data from RHNs are presented and used, together with a summary of studies from the literature, to develop approaches for the investigation of changes in the hydrological regime at a continental or global scale, particularly for international comparison. We present recommendations for an analysis framework and the next steps to advance such an initiative. There is a particular focus on the desirability of establishing standardized procedures and methodologies for both the creation of new national RHNs and the systematic analysis of data derived from a collection of RHNs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Sciences Journal/Journal des Sciences Hydrologiques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/02626667.2012.728705","usgsCitation":"Burn, D., Hannaford, J., Hodgkins, G.A., Whitfield, P., Thorne, R., and Marsh, T., 2012, Reference hydrologic networks II. Using reference hydrologic networks to assess climate-driven changes in streamflow: Hydrological Sciences Journal, v. 57, no. 8, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2012.728705.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-030086","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2012.728705","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":263332,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263331,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2012.728705"}],"volume":"57","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50aca694e4b0ae6a8f88bbb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burn, Donald H.","contributorId":66139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burn","given":"Donald H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hannaford, Jamie","contributorId":41305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hannaford","given":"Jamie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitfield, Paul H.","contributorId":39264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitfield","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thorne, Robin","contributorId":93789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Robin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Marsh, Terry","contributorId":86657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70040843,"text":"70040843 - 2012 - Reference hydrologic networks I. The status and potential future directions of national reference hydrologic networks for detecting trends","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-20T20:15:49","indexId":"70040843","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1927,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reference hydrologic networks I. The status and potential future directions of national reference hydrologic networks for detecting trends","docAbstract":"Identifying climate-driven trends in river flows on a global basis is hampered by a lack of long, quality time series data for rivers with relatively undisturbed regimes. This is a global problem compounded by the lack of support for essential long-term monitoring. Experience demonstrates that, with clear strategic objectives, and the support of sponsoring organizations, reference hydrologic networks can constitute an exceptionally valuable data source to effectively identify, quantify and interpret hydrological change—the speed and magnitude of which is expected to a be a primary driver of water management and flood alleviation strategies through the future—and for additional applications. Reference hydrologic networks have been developed in many countries in the past few decades. These collections of streamflow gauging stations, that are maintained and operated with the intention of observing how the hydrology of watersheds responds to variations in climate, are described. The status of networks under development is summarized. We suggest a plan of actions to make more effective use of this collection of networks.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Sciences Journal/Journal des Sciences Hydrologiques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/02626667.2012.728706","usgsCitation":"Whitfield, P., Burn, D., Hannaford, J., Higgins, H., Hodgkins, G.A., Marsh, T., and Looser, U., 2012, Reference hydrologic networks I. The status and potential future directions of national reference hydrologic networks for detecting trends: Hydrological Sciences Journal, v. 57, no. 8, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2012.728706.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-030088","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2012.728706","text":"External Repository"},{"id":263334,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263333,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2012.728706"}],"volume":"57","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50aca690e4b0ae6a8f88bbb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitfield, Paul H.","contributorId":39264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitfield","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burn, Donald H.","contributorId":66139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burn","given":"Donald H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hannaford, Jamie","contributorId":41305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hannaford","given":"Jamie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Higgins, Helene","contributorId":53670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"Helene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Marsh, Terry","contributorId":86657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Looser, Ulrich","contributorId":14274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Looser","given":"Ulrich","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70040780,"text":"70040780 - 2012 - Concentrations, loads, and yields of organic carbon in streams of agricultural watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-19T12:26:46","indexId":"70040780","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentrations, loads, and yields of organic carbon in streams of agricultural watersheds","docAbstract":"Carbon is cycled to and from large reservoirs in the atmosphere, on land, and in the ocean. Movement of organic carbon from the terrestrial reservoir to the ocean plays an important role in the global cycling of carbon. The transition from natural to agricultural vegetation can change the storage and movement of organic carbon in and from a watershed. Samples were collected from 13 streams located in hydrologically and agriculturally diverse watersheds, to better understand the variability in the concentrations and loads of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) in the streams, and the variability in watershed yields. The overall annual median concentrations of DOC and POC were 4.9 (range: 2.1–6.8) and 1.1 (range: 0.4–3.8) mg C L<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The mean DOC watershed yield (± SE) was 25 ± 6.8 kg C ha<sup>−1</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>. The yields of DOC from these agricultural watersheds were not substantially different than the DOC yield from naturally vegetated watersheds in equivalent biomes, but were at the low end of the range for most biomes. Total organic carbon (DOC + POC) annually exported from the agricultural watersheds was found to average 0.03% of the organic carbon that is contained in the labile plant matter and top 1 m of soil in the watershed. Since the total organic carbon exported from agricultural watersheds is a relatively small portion of the sequestered carbon within the watershed, there is the great potential to store additional carbon in plants and soils of the watershed, offsetting some anthropogenic CO2 emissions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","doi":"10.2134/jeq2012.0045","usgsCitation":"Kronholm, S., and Capel, P., 2012, Concentrations, loads, and yields of organic carbon in streams of agricultural watersheds: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 41, no. 6, p. 1874-1883, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2012.0045.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1874","endPage":"1883","temporalStart":"1996-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-037239","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263267,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2012.0045"},{"id":263268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Indiana;Iowa;Maryl;Mississippi;Nebraska;Washington","volume":"41","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50abfb66e4b0afbc75eb97f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kronholm, Scott","contributorId":22211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kronholm","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Capel, Paul","contributorId":26018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189923,"text":"70189923 - 2012 - Dissolved organic matter composition of winter flow in the Yukon River basin: Implications of permafrost thaw and increased groundwater discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-31T14:16:28","indexId":"70189923","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dissolved organic matter composition of winter flow in the Yukon River basin: Implications of permafrost thaw and increased groundwater discharge","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater discharge to rivers has increased in recent decades across the circumpolar region and has been attributed to thawing permafrost in arctic and subarctic watersheds. Permafrost-driven changes in groundwater discharge will alter the flux of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in rivers, yet little is known about the chemical composition and reactivity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) of groundwater in permafrost settings. Here, we characterize DOM composition of winter flow in 60 rivers and streams of the Yukon River basin to evaluate the biogeochemical consequences of enhanced groundwater discharge associated with permafrost thaw. DOC concentration of winter flow averaged 3.9 ± 0.5 mg C L<sup>−1</sup>, yet was highly variable across basins (ranging from 20 mg C L<sup>−1</sup>). In comparison to the summer-autumn period, DOM composition of winter flow had lower aromaticity (as indicated by specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm, or SUVA<sub>254</sub>), lower hydrophobic acid content, and a higher proportion of hydrophilic compounds (HPI). Fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis indicated enrichment of protein-like fluorophores in some, but not all, winter flow samples. The ratio of DOC to dissolved organic nitrogen, an indicator of DOM biodegradability, was positively correlated with SUVA<sub>254</sub> and negatively correlated with the percentage of protein-like compounds. Using a simple two-pool mixing model, we evaluate possible changes in DOM during the summer-autumn period across a range of conditions reflecting possible increases in groundwater discharge. Across three watersheds, we consistently observed decreases in DOC concentration and SUVA254 and increases in HPI with increasing groundwater discharge. Spatial patterns in DOM composition of winter flow appear to reflect differences in the relative contributions of groundwater from suprapermafrost and subpermafrost aquifers across watersheds. Our findings call for more explicit consideration of DOC loss and stabilization pathways associated with changing subsurface hydrology in watersheds underlain by thawing permafrost.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2012GB004341","usgsCitation":"O’Donnell, J.A., Aiken, G.R., Walvoord, M.A., and Butler, K.D., 2012, Dissolved organic matter composition of winter flow in the Yukon River basin: Implications of permafrost thaw and increased groundwater discharge: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 26, no. GB0E06, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GB004341.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-036860","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012gb004341","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344468,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -159.6533203125,\n              63.09475846224108\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.0205078125,\n              63.09475846224108\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.0205078125,\n              68.57644086491786\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.6533203125,\n              68.57644086491786\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.6533203125,\n              63.09475846224108\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"GB0E06","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5980419ee4b0a38ca2789378","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A. 0000-0001-7031-9808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-9808","contributorId":191423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle Ann 0000-0003-4269-8366 walvoord@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":147211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"walvoord@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butler, Kenna D. 0000-0001-9604-4603 kebutler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9604-4603","contributorId":178885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Kenna","email":"kebutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70040731,"text":"gip143 - 2012 - Stream ecosystems change with urban development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T16:31:36","indexId":"gip143","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"143","title":"Stream ecosystems change with urban development","docAbstract":"The healthy condition of the physical living space in a natural stream—defined by unaltered hydrology (streamflow), high diversity of habitat features, and natural water chemistry—supports diverse biological communities with aquatic species that are sensitive to disturbances.\n\nIn a highly degraded urban stream, the poor condition of the physical living space—streambank and tree root damage from altered hydrology, low diversity of habitat, and inputs of chemical contaminants—contributes to biological communities with low diversity and high tolerance to disturbance.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip143","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Bell, A.H., James, F.C., and McMahon, G., 2012, Stream ecosystems change with urban development: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 143, 1 p.: 17 x 11 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gip143.","productDescription":"1 p.: 17 x 11 inches","startPage":"1","endPage":"1","numberOfPages":"1","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip_143.jpg"},{"id":263148,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/143/"},{"id":263149,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/143/pdf/GIP143.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50a4bd8fe4b0fd76c78323d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, Amanda H. 0000-0002-7199-2145 ahbell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7199-2145","contributorId":1752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Amanda","email":"ahbell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"James, F. Coles","contributorId":58154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Coles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McMahon, Gerard 0000-0001-7675-777X gmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-777X","contributorId":191488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Gerard","email":"gmcmahon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70040735,"text":"fs20123118 - 2012 - Science to support the understanding of Ohio's water resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-14T16:18:55","indexId":"fs20123118","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3118","title":"Science to support the understanding of Ohio's water resources","docAbstract":"Ohio’s water resources support a complex web of human activities and nature—clean and abundant water is needed for drinking, recreation, farming, and industry, as well as for fish and wildlife needs. The distribution of rainfall can cause floods and droughts, which affects streamflow, groundwater, water availability, water quality, recreation, and aquatic habitats. Ohio is bordered by the Ohio River and Lake Erie and has over 44,000 miles of streams and more than 60,000 lakes and ponds (State of Ohio, 1994). Nearly all the rural population obtain drinking water from groundwater sources.\n\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) works in cooperation with local, State, and other Federal agencies, as well as universities, to furnish decisionmakers, policymakers, USGS scientists, and the general public with reliable scientific information and tools to assist them in management, stewardship, and use of Ohio’s natural resources. The diversity of scientific expertise among USGS personnel enables them to carry out large- and small-scale multidisciplinary studies. The USGS is unique among government organizations because it has neither regulatory nor developmental authority—its sole product is reliable, impartial, credible, relevant, and timely scientific information, equally accessible and available to everyone. The USGS Ohio Water Science Center provides reliable hydrologic and water-related ecological information to aid in the understanding of use and management of the Nation’s water resources, in general, and Ohio’s water resources, in particular. This fact sheet provides an overview of current (2012) or recently completed USGS studies and data activities pertaining to water resources in Ohio. More information regarding projects of the USGS Ohio Water Science Center is available at http://oh.water.usgs.gov/.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123118","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, K., Kula, S., Bambach, P., and Runkle, D., 2012, Science to support the understanding of Ohio's water resources: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3118, 6 p.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123118.","productDescription":"6 p.; maps (col.)","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263164,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3118.jpg"},{"id":263162,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3118/"},{"id":263163,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3118/pdf/fs2012-3118_web.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.8203,38.4034 ], [ -84.8203,41.9773 ], [ -84.5182,41.9773 ], [ -84.5182,38.4034 ], [ -84.8203,38.4034 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50a4bd85e4b0fd76c78323ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaffer, Kimberly kshaffer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Kimberly","email":"kshaffer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kula, Stephanie","contributorId":11893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kula","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bambach, Phil","contributorId":24642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bambach","given":"Phil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runkle, Donna","contributorId":51317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkle","given":"Donna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70044973,"text":"70044973 - 2012 - Use of the continuous slope-area method to estimate runoff in a network of ephemeral channels, southeast Arizona, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-28T12:00:46","indexId":"70044973","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of the continuous slope-area method to estimate runoff in a network of ephemeral channels, southeast Arizona, USA","docAbstract":"The continuous slope-area (CSA) method is an innovative gaging method for indirect computation of complete-event discharge hydrographs that can be applied when direct measurement methods are unsafe, impractical, or impossible to apply. This paper reports on use of the method to produce event-specific discharge hydrographs in a network of sand-bedded ephemeral stream channels in southeast Arizona, USA, for water year 2008. The method provided satisfactory discharge estimates for flows that span channel banks, and for moderate to large flows, with about 10–16% uncertainty, respectively for total flow volume and peak flow, as compared to results obtained with an alternate method. 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