The North Kona slump is an elliptical region, about 20 by 60 km (1000-km2 area), of multiple, geometrically intricate benches and scarps, mostly at water depths of 2000–4500 m, on the west flank of Hualalai Volcano. Two dives up steep scarps in the slump area were made in September 2001, using the ROV Kaiko of the Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC), as part of a collaborative Japan–USA project to improve understanding of the submarine flanks of Hawaiian volcanoes. Both dives, at water depths of 2700–4000 m, encountered pillow lavas draping the scarp-and-bench slopes. Intact to only slightly broken pillow lobes and cylinders that are downward elongate dominate on the steepest mid-sections of scarps, while more equant and spherical pillow shapes are common near the tops and bases of scarps and locally protrude through cover of muddy sediment on bench flats. Notably absent are subaerially erupted Hualalai lava flows, interbedded hyaloclastite pillow breccia, and/or coastal sandy sediment that might have accumulated downslope from an active coastline. The general structure of the North Kona flank is interpreted as an intricate assemblage of downdropped lenticular blocks, bounded by steeply dipping normal faults. The undisturbed pillow-lava drape indicates that slumping occurred during shield-stage tholeiitic volcanism. All analyzed samples of the pillow-lava drape are tholeiite, similar to published analyses from the submarine northwest rift zone of Hualālai. Relatively low sulfur (330–600 ppm) and water (0.18–0.47 wt.%) contents of glass rinds suggest that the eruptive sources were in shallow water, perhaps 500–1000-m depth. In contrast, saturation pressures calculated from carbon dioxide concentrations (100–190 ppm) indicate deeper equilibration, at or near sample sites at water depths of − 3900 to − 2800 m. Either vents close to the sample sites erupted mixtures of undegassed and degassed magmas, or volatiles were resorbed from vesicles during flowage downslope after eruption in shallow water. The glass volatile compositions suggest that the tholeiitic lavas that drape the slump blocks were erupted either (1) early during shield-stage tholeiitic volcanism prior to emergence of a large subaerial edifice, or alternatively (2) from submarine radial vents during subaerial shield-building. Because no radial vents have been documented on land or underwater for the unbuttressed flanks of any Hawaii volcano, alternative (1) is favored. In comparison to other well-documented Hawaiian slumps and landslides, North Kona structures suggest a more incipient slump event, with smaller down-slope motions and lateral displacements.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.07.029","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., and Coombs, M., 2006, North Kona slump: Submarine flank failure during the early(?) tholeiitic shield stage of Hualalai Volcano: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 151, no. 1-3, p. 189-216, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.07.029.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"216","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.89300537109375,\n 18.981623204500767\n ],\n [\n -155.63507080078125,\n 18.981623204500767\n ],\n [\n -155.63507080078125,\n 20.13073412578307\n ],\n [\n -156.89300537109375,\n 20.13073412578307\n ],\n [\n -156.89300537109375,\n 18.981623204500767\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"151","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6820e4b0c8380cd7360a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coombs, M.L.","contributorId":67692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030625,"text":"70030625 - 2006 - Piggyback tectonics: Long-term growth of Kilauea on the south flank of Mauna Loa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-08T10:56:20","indexId":"70030625","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Piggyback tectonics: Long-term growth of Kilauea on the south flank of Mauna Loa","docAbstract":"Compositional and age data from offshore pillow lavas and volcaniclastic sediments, along with on-land geologic, seismic, and deformation data, provide broad perspectives on the early growth of Kilauea Volcano and the long-term geometric evolution of its rift zones. Sulfur-rich glass rinds on pillow lavas and volcaniclastic sediments derived from them document early underwater growth of a large compositionally diverse alkalic edifice. The alkalic rocks yield 40Ar/39Ar ages as old as about 275 ka; transitional-composition lavas, which mark beginning of the shield stage while most or all the edifice remained below sea level, probably first erupted after about 150 ka, and tholeiitic lavas of present-day type are probably younger than 100 ka. Breccia clasts from Papau Seamount and along the lower southwest corner of the Hilina bench are derived from subaerial Mauna Loa, requiring that Mauna Loa's flank underlies western parts of Kilauea at shallow depth. The volume of the Kilauea edifice is therefore smaller (∼10,000 km3) than previous estimates (15–40,000 km3); lava-thickness accumulation rates appear to have remained nearly constant during edifice growth, as effusion rates increased from ∼25×106 m3/yr at end of the alkalic stage to the present-day tholeiite rate of ∼100×106 m3/yr. Seismic and gravity data show that the deep plumbing system for Kilauea's magma supply extends nearly vertically through the oceanic crust at least to mantle depths of 30–35 km, directly below its present-day caldera.
\nProximity of Kilauea's caldera to the surface boundary with Mauna Loa and the presence of Mauna Loa rocks at shallow depth beneath the south flank are difficult to reconcile with a submarine origin for early Kilauea alkalic lavas, unless geometric relations between the two volcanoes have changed substantially during growth of the Kilauea shield. Seismic and ground deformation data suggest seaward spreading of the entire south flank of Hawaii Island, independently of the boundary between Kilauea and Mauna Loa, along a landward-dipping detachment fault system near the basal contact of the composite volcanic edifices with underlying oceanic crust. Current steady-state horizontal displacements increase seaward, at rates of ∼1.5 cm/yr on the lower flank of Mauna Loa and reaching 5–8 cm/yr at the Kilauea coastline. Infrequent (∼100 yr?) large earthquakes generate similar geometries, but 102 larger displacements per event.
\nPresent-day Kilauea is the more dynamic edifice, but prior to inception of Kilauea and during its early growth, Mauna Loa is inferred to have undergone intense volcano spreading, involving the Kaoiki–Honuapo fault system (considered a geometric analog of the Hilina system on Kilauea). Cumulative deformation of Mauna Loa's south flank during growth of Kilauea since 200–300 ka is estimated to have involved > 10 km of seaward spreading, displacing the rift zones of Kīlauea while its deep plumbing system and summit magma reservoir remained nearly fixed in space. Kilauea's rift zones, rather than migrating southward with time solely due to dike emplacement preferentially on the mobile seaward side, alternatively are interpreted to have been transported passively southward, “piggyback” style, during shield-stage growth of Kilauea as a blister on the still-mobile south flank of Mauna Loa. Such an evolution of Kilauea accounts for the arcuate geometry of the present-day rift zones, proximity of the summit magma supply to the exposed flank of Mauna Loa, initial submarine growth of the ancestral edifice, and present-day location of Mauna Loa rocks at shallow depth beneath the south flank of Kilauea.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.07.032","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., Sisson, T.W., Coombs, M.L., Calvert, A.T., and Kimura, J., 2006, Piggyback tectonics: Long-term growth of Kilauea on the south flank of Mauna Loa: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 151, no. 1-3, p. 73-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.07.032.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"108","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239181,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.5,\n 20\n ],\n [\n -155.5,\n 18.5\n ],\n [\n -154,\n 18.5\n ],\n [\n -154,\n 20\n ],\n [\n -155.5,\n 20\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"151","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b52e4b0c8380cd793a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sisson, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3380-6425 tsisson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-6425","contributorId":2341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"Thomas","email":"tsisson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coombs, Michelle L. 0000-0002-6002-6806 mcoombs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-6806","contributorId":2809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"Michelle","email":"mcoombs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Calvert, Andrew T. 0000-0001-5237-2218 acalvert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2218","contributorId":2694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"Andrew","email":"acalvert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kimura, Jun-Ichi","contributorId":77719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimura","given":"Jun-Ichi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030620,"text":"70030620 - 2006 - Long-period effects of the Denali earthquake on water bodies in the Puget Lowland: Observations and modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:05","indexId":"70030620","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-period effects of the Denali earthquake on water bodies in the Puget Lowland: Observations and modeling","docAbstract":"Analysis of strong-motion instrument recordings in Seattle, Washington, resulting from the 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali, Alaska, earthquake reveals that amplification in the 0.2-to 1.0-Hz frequency band is largely governed by the shallow sediments both inside and outside the sedimentary basins beneath the Puget Lowland. Sites above the deep sedimentary strata show additional seismic-wave amplification in the 0.04- to 0.2-Hz frequency range. Surface waves generated by the Mw 7.9 Denali, Alaska, earthquake of 3 November 2002 produced pronounced water waves across Washington state. The largest water waves coincided with the area of largest seismic-wave amplification underlain by the Seattle basin. In the current work, we present reports that show Lakes Union and Washington, both located on the Seattle basin, are susceptible to large water waves generated by large local earthquakes and teleseisms. A simple model of a water body is adopted to explain the generation of waves in water basins. This model provides reasonable estimates for the water-wave amplitudes in swimming pools during the Denali earthquake but appears to underestimate the waves observed in Lake Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050090","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Barberopoulou, A., Qamar, A., Pratt, T.L., and Steele, W.P., 2006, Long-period effects of the Denali earthquake on water bodies in the Puget Lowland: Observations and modeling: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 2, p. 519-535, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050090.","startPage":"519","endPage":"535","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211730,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050090"},{"id":239077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a496de4b0c8380cd685c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barberopoulou, A.","contributorId":45507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barberopoulou","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qamar, A. 0000-0003-3131-3141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":50347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qamar","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pratt, T. L.","contributorId":53072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steele, W. P.","contributorId":101445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030596,"text":"70030596 - 2006 - Stand and landscape level effects of a major outbreak of spruce beetles on forest vegetation in the Copper River Basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:05","indexId":"70030596","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stand and landscape level effects of a major outbreak of spruce beetles on forest vegetation in the Copper River Basin, Alaska","docAbstract":"From 1989 to 2003, a widespread outbreak of spruce beetles (Dendroctonus rufipennis) in the Copper River Basin, Alaska, infested over 275,000 ha of forests in the region. During 1997 and 1998, we measured forest vegetation structure and composition on one hundred and thirty-six 20-m ?? 20-m plots to assess both the immediate stand and landscape level effects of the spruce beetle infestation. A photo-interpreted vegetation and infestation map was produced using color-infrared aerial photography at a scale of 1:40,000. We used linear regression to quantify the effects of the outbreak on forest structure and composition. White spruce (Picea glauca) canopy cover and basal area of medium-to-large trees [???15 cm diameter-at-breast height (1.3 m, dbh)] were reduced linearly as the number of trees attacked by spruce beetles increased. Black spruce (Picea mariana) and small diameter white spruce (<15 cm dbh) were infrequently attacked and killed by spruce beetles. This selective attack of mature white spruce reduced structural complexity of stands to earlier stages of succession and caused mixed tree species stands to lose their white spruce and become more homogeneous in overstory composition. Using the resulting regressions, we developed a transition matrix to describe changes in vegetation types under varying levels of spruce beetle infestations, and applied the model to the vegetation map. Prior to the outbreak, our study area was composed primarily of stands of mixed white and black spruce (29% of area) and pure white spruce (25%). However, the selective attack on white spruce caused many of these stands to transition to black spruce dominated stands (73% increase in area) or shrublands (26% increase in area). The post-infestation landscape was thereby composed of more even distributions of shrubland and white, black, and mixed spruce communities (17-22% of study area). Changes in the cover and composition of understory vegetation were less evident in this study. However, stands with the highest mortality due to spruce beetles had the lowest densities of white spruce seedlings suggesting a longer forest regeneration time without an increase in seedling germination, growth, or survival. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2006.02.040","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"Allen, J.L., Wesser, S., Markon, C., and Winterberger, K., 2006, Stand and landscape level effects of a major outbreak of spruce beetles on forest vegetation in the Copper River Basin, Alaska: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 227, no. 3 SPEC. ISS., p. 257-266, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.02.040.","startPage":"257","endPage":"266","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211905,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.02.040"},{"id":239282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"227","issue":"3 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b96a3e4b08c986b31b614","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, J. L.","contributorId":49295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wesser, S.","contributorId":67779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesser","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markon, C. J.","contributorId":66729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winterberger, K.C.","contributorId":32051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winterberger","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030573,"text":"70030573 - 2006 - Polar bear maternal den habitat in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T15:47:55","indexId":"70030573","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polar bear maternal den habitat in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska","docAbstract":"Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) give birth during mid-winter in dens of ice and snow. Denning polar bears subjected to human disturbances may abandon dens before their altricial young can survive the rigors of the Arctic winter. Because the Arctic coastal plain of Alaska is an area of high petroleum potential and contains existing and planned oil field developments, the distribution of polar bear dens on the plain is of interest to land managers. Therefore, as part of a study of denning habitats along the entire Arctic coast of Alaska, we examined high-resolution aerial photographs (n = 1655) of the 7994 km2 coastal plain included in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) and mapped 3621 km of bank habitat suitable for denning by polar bears. Such habitats were distributed uniformly and comprised 0.29% (23.2 km2) of the coastal plain between the Canning River and the Canadian border. Ground-truth sampling suggested that we had correctly identified 91.5% of bank denning habitats on the ANWR coastal plain. Knowledge of the distribution of these habitats will help facilitate informed management of human activities and minimize disruption of polar bears in maternal dens.
","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","publisherLocation":"Calgary, AB","doi":"10.14430/arctic361","issn":"00040843","usgsCitation":"Durner, G.M., Amstrup, S.C., and Ambrosius, K.J., 2006, Polar bear maternal den habitat in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska: Arctic, v. 59, no. 1, p. 31-36, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic361.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"36","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477641,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic361","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.009521484375,\n 69.48067185349211\n ],\n [\n -146.304931640625,\n 69.65517655450056\n ],\n [\n -146.2884521484375,\n 69.71048874412568\n ],\n [\n -146.370849609375,\n 69.75805603208036\n ],\n [\n -146.4642333984375,\n 69.81120455228863\n ],\n [\n -146.458740234375,\n 69.8623282462432\n ],\n [\n -146.37634277343747,\n 69.92087280020304\n ],\n [\n -146.129150390625,\n 70.03184576544432\n ],\n [\n -145.9588623046875,\n 70.06933004398222\n ],\n [\n -145.9039306640625,\n 70.12542991464234\n ],\n [\n -145.887451171875,\n 70.16088143050877\n ],\n [\n -145.8489990234375,\n 70.18882659254719\n ],\n [\n -145.118408203125,\n 70.02996977749883\n ],\n [\n -144.7283935546875,\n 70.01307827710367\n ],\n [\n -144.459228515625,\n 70.05434443961708\n ],\n [\n -144.0252685546875,\n 70.10113859730146\n ],\n [\n -143.7396240234375,\n 70.1478274118401\n ],\n [\n -143.3880615234375,\n 70.16647348777344\n ],\n [\n -143.0364990234375,\n 70.12916451400015\n ],\n [\n -142.75634765625,\n 70.08243358695952\n ],\n [\n -142.5311279296875,\n 70.01307827710367\n ],\n [\n -142.1685791015625,\n 69.89634174975163\n ],\n [\n -141.7236328125,\n 69.81499575407162\n ],\n [\n -141.35009765625,\n 69.68952523387915\n ],\n [\n -141.229248046875,\n 69.70096244627686\n ],\n [\n -141.009521484375,\n 69.666632290865\n ],\n [\n -141.009521484375,\n 69.48067185349211\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7cc0e4b0c8380cd79b6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":427710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ambrosius, Ken J.","contributorId":7038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ambrosius","given":"Ken","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030563,"text":"70030563 - 2006 - Microsatellite DNA and mitochondrial DNA variation in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T10:51:25","indexId":"70030563","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microsatellite DNA and mitochondrial DNA variation in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, Alaska","docAbstract":"Radiotelemetry data have shown that polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) occur in separate subpopulations in the Chukchi Sea and the southern Beaufort Sea. However, segregation is not absolute, and there is overlap of ranges of animals in each subpopulation. We used genetic variation at eight microsatellite DNA loci and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to further assess the degree of spatial structure of polar bears from the Chukchi and southern Beaufort seas. Microsatellite allele frequencies and mtDNA haplotype frequencies of bears from the southern Beaufort and Chukchi seas did not differ significantly. Lack of differentiation at both maternally inherited mtDNA and bi-parentally inherited microsatellite loci suggests that gene flow between the two areas is mediated by both sexes. The genetic data indicate that polar bears in the southern Beaufort and Chukchi seas compose one interbreeding population. However, there is considerable fidelity to ranges in each area, particularly by adult females. The combined genetic and movement data suggest that polar bears could be managed as Beaufort Sea and Chukchi Sea subpopulations of a combined southern Beaufort Sea and Chukchi Sea population. ?? 2006 NRC.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/Z06-039","issn":"00084301","usgsCitation":"Cronin, M.A., Amstrup, S.C., and Scribner, K., 2006, Microsatellite DNA and mitochondrial DNA variation in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, Alaska: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 84, no. 5, p. 655-660, https://doi.org/10.1139/Z06-039.","startPage":"655","endPage":"660","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239316,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211931,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/Z06-039"}],"volume":"84","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a569be4b0c8380cd6d6c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, M. A.","contributorId":80216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":427660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scribner, K.T.","contributorId":97033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scribner","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030498,"text":"70030498 - 2006 - Deformation driven by subduction and microplate collision: Geodynamics of Cook Inlet basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T16:59:44","indexId":"70030498","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation driven by subduction and microplate collision: Geodynamics of Cook Inlet basin, Alaska","docAbstract":"Late Neogene and younger deformation in Cook Inlet basin is caused by dextral transpression in the plate margin of south-central Alaska. Collision and subduction of the Yakutat microplate at the northeastern end of the Aleutian subduction zone is driving the accretionary complex of the Chugach and Kenai Mountains toward the Alaska Range on the opposite side of the basin. This deformation creates belts of fault-cored anticlines that are prolific traps of hydrocarbons and are also potential sources for damaging earthquakes. The faults dip steeply, extend into the Mesozoic basement beneath the Tertiary basin fill, and form conjugate flower structures at some localities. Comparing the geometry of the natural faults and folds with analog models created in a sandbox deformation apparatus suggests that some of the faults accommodate significant dextral as well as reverse-slip motion. We develop a tectonic model in which dextral shearing and horizontal shortening of the basin is driven by microplate collision with an additional component of thrust-type strain caused by plate subduction. This model predicts temporally fluctuating stress fields that are coupled to the recurrence intervals of large-magnitude subduction zone earthquakes. The maximum principal compressive stress is oriented east-southeast to east-northeast with nearly vertical least compressive stress when the basin's lithosphere is mostly decoupled from the underlying subduction megathrust. This stress tensor is compatible with principal stresses inferred from focal mechanisms of earthquakes that occur within the crust beneath Cook Inlet basin. Locking of the megathrust between great magnitude earthquakes may cause the maximum principal compressive stress to rotate toward the northwest. Moderate dipping faults that strike north to northeast may be optimally oriented for rupture in the ambient stress field, but steeply dipping faults within the cores of some anticlines are unfavorably oriented with respect to both modeled and observed stress fields, suggesting that elevated fluid pressure may be required to trigger fault rupture. ?? 2006 Geological Society of America.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25672.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Bruhn, R., and Haeussler, P.J., 2006, Deformation driven by subduction and microplate collision: Geodynamics of Cook Inlet basin, Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 118, no. 3-4, p. 289-303, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25672.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"289","endPage":"303","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211984,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25672.1"}],"volume":"118","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe45e4b0c8380cd4ec24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruhn, R.L.","contributorId":46972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruhn","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030490,"text":"70030490 - 2006 - Scaphopoda from the Alexander Terrane, Southeast Alaska-The first occurrence of Scaphopoda in the Silurian","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030490","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2999,"text":"Palaeoworld","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scaphopoda from the Alexander Terrane, Southeast Alaska-The first occurrence of Scaphopoda in the Silurian","docAbstract":"The scaphopods Dentalium hecetaensis n. sp. and Rhytiodentalium cf. kentuckyensis Pojeta et Runnegar, 1979, are described from Ludlow-age strata of the Heceta Limestone on Prince of Wales Island, Southeast Alaska. This is the first occurrence of Silurian scaphopods known to date. They are part of a diverse macrobenthic fauna of the Alexander terrane, an accreted southern Alaskan terrane of Siberian or Uralian affinities. ?? 2006 Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Palaeoworld","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2006.07.002","issn":"1871174X","usgsCitation":"Rohr, D., Blodgett, R.B., and Baichtal, J., 2006, Scaphopoda from the Alexander Terrane, Southeast Alaska-The first occurrence of Scaphopoda in the Silurian: Palaeoworld, v. 15, no. 2, p. 211-215, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2006.07.002.","startPage":"211","endPage":"215","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211868,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2006.07.002"},{"id":239241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b872ae4b08c986b31634e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rohr, D.M.","contributorId":6276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohr","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blodgett, R. B.","contributorId":25176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baichtal, J.","contributorId":77433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baichtal","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030486,"text":"70030486 - 2006 - Expressed MHC class II genes in sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from geographically disparate populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-23T09:34:08","indexId":"70030486","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3599,"text":"Tissue Antigens","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Expressed MHC class II genes in sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from geographically disparate populations","title":"Expressed MHC class II genes in sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from geographically disparate populations","docAbstract":"The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is central to maintaining the immunologic vigor of individuals and populations. Classical MHC class II genes were targeted for partial sequencing in sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from populations in California, Washington, and Alaska. Sequences derived from sea otter peripheral blood leukocyte mRNAs were similar to those classified as DQA, DQB, DRA, and DRB in other species. Comparisons of the derived amino acid compositions supported the classification of these as functional molecules from at least one DQA, DQB, and DRA locus and at least two DRB loci. While limited in scope, phylogenetic analysis of the DRB peptide‐binding region suggested the possible existence of distinct clades demarcated by geographic region. These preliminary findings support the need for additional MHC gene sequencing and expansion to a comprehensive study targeting additional otters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00559.x","issn":"00012815","usgsCitation":"Bowen, L., Aldridge, B., Miles, A.K., and Stott, J., 2006, Expressed MHC class II genes in sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from geographically disparate populations: Tissue Antigens, v. 67, no. 5, p. 402-408, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00559.x.","startPage":"402","endPage":"408","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486897,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00559.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239207,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211837,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00559.x"}],"volume":"67","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e39e4b0c8380cd53358","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Lizabeth 0000-0001-9115-4336 lbowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-4336","contributorId":4539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Lizabeth","email":"lbowen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldridge, B.M.","contributorId":13871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stott, J.L.","contributorId":15403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stott","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030470,"text":"70030470 - 2006 - Atmospheric deposition of current-use and historic-use pesticides in snow at National Parks in the Western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:13","indexId":"70030470","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atmospheric deposition of current-use and historic-use pesticides in snow at National Parks in the Western United States","docAbstract":"The United States (U.S.) National Park Service has initiated research on the atmospheric deposition and fate of semi-volatile organic compounds in its alpine, sub-Arctic, and Arctic ecosystems in the Western U.S. Results for the analysis of pesticides in seasonal snowpack samples collected in spring 2003 from seven national parks are presented herein. From a target analyte list of 47 pesticides and degradation products, the most frequently detected current-use pesticides were dacthal, chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, and ??- hexachlorocyclohexane, whereas the most frequently detected historic-use pesticides were dieldrin, ??-hexachlorocyclohexane, chlordane, and hexachlorobenzene. Correlation analysis with latitude, temperature, elevation, particulate matter, and two indicators of regional pesticide use reveal that regional current and historic agricultural practices are largely responsible for the distribution of pesticides in the national parks in this study. Pesticide deposition in the Alaskan parks is attributed to long-range transport because there are no significant regional pesticide sources. The percentage of total pesticide concentration due to regional transport (%RT) was calculated for the other parks. %RT was highest at parks with higher regional cropland intensity and for pesticides with lower vapor pressures and shorter half-lives in air. ?? 2006 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es060157c","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Hageman, K., Simonich, S., Campbell, K., Wilson, G., and Landers, D., 2006, Atmospheric deposition of current-use and historic-use pesticides in snow at National Parks in the Western United States: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 40, no. 10, p. 3174-3180, https://doi.org/10.1021/es060157c.","startPage":"3174","endPage":"3180","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212070,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es060157c"},{"id":239486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eec0e4b0c8380cd49f1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hageman, K.J.","contributorId":46307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simonich, S.L.","contributorId":99361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simonich","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, K.","contributorId":63351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47665,"text":"St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":427260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, G.R.","contributorId":31202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Landers, D.H.","contributorId":40010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landers","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030468,"text":"70030468 - 2006 - Vascular flora of Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, westernmost Alaska Peninsula, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T19:40:44","indexId":"70030468","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3297,"text":"Rhodora","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vascular flora of Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, westernmost Alaska Peninsula, Alaska","docAbstract":"The vascular flora of Izembek National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), where few previous collections had been reported, was collected and recorded at sites selected to represent the totality of environmental variation. A total of 349 species (339 native and 10 introduced) was identified. To provide a comparative phytogeographic framework, we analyzed data from published reports that categorized vascular plant distribution patterns from a circumpolar, North American, and Alaskan perspective. The native flora of the Izembek NWR primarily includes species of circumpolar (38%), eastern Asian (23%), Eurasian (18%), and North American (13%) distribution. The most important longitudinal distributional classes in North America consist of transcontinental (62%) and extreme western species (31%). The annotated list of species in Izembek NWR expands the range of many species, filling a distributional gap in Hulte??n's Western Pacific Coast district. Forty notable range extensions are reported. The flora of Izembek NWR is primarily made up of boreal species and lacks many of the species considered to be Arctic. Comparison with the Raunkiaer life-form spectrum similarly points to the boreal.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rhodora","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3119/0035-4902(2006)108[249:VFOINW]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00354902","usgsCitation":"Talbot, S., Talbot, S.L., and Schofield, W., 2006, Vascular flora of Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, westernmost Alaska Peninsula, Alaska: Rhodora, v. 108, no. 935, p. 249-293, https://doi.org/10.3119/0035-4902(2006)108[249:VFOINW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"45 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"293","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212043,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3119/0035-4902(2006)108[249:VFOINW]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"108","issue":"935","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc1a3e4b08c986b32a6bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbot, Stephen S.","contributorId":73266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Stephen S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra Looman 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":131088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Looman","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":427252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schofield, Wilfred B.","contributorId":97827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"Wilfred B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030453,"text":"70030453 - 2006 - Associations between accelerated glacier mass wastage and increased summer temperature in coastal regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030453","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Associations between accelerated glacier mass wastage and increased summer temperature in coastal regions","docAbstract":"Low-elevation glaciers in coastal regions of Alaska, the Canadian Arctic, individual ice caps around the Greenland ice sheet, and the Patagonia Ice Fields have an aggregate glacier area of about 332 ?? 103 km 2 and account for approximately 42% of all the glacier area outside the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. They have shown volume loss, especially since the end of the 1980s, increasing from about 45% in the 1960s to nearly 67% in 2003 of the total wastage from all glaciers on Earth outside those two largest ice sheets. Thus, a disproportionally large contribution of coastal glacier ablation to sea level rise is evident. We examine cumulative standardized departures (1961-2000 reference period) of glacier mass balances and air temperature data in these four coastal regions. Analyses indicate a strong association between increases in glacier volume losses and summer air temperature at regional and global scales. Increases in glacier volume losses in the coastal regions also coincide with an accelerated rate of ice discharge from outlet glaciers draining the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets. These processes imply further increases in sea level rise. ?? 2006 Regents of the University of Colorado.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1657/1523-0430(2006)38[190:ABAGMW]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15230430","usgsCitation":"Dyurgerov, M., and McCabe, G., 2006, Associations between accelerated glacier mass wastage and increased summer temperature in coastal regions: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 38, no. 2, p. 190-197, https://doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(2006)38[190:ABAGMW]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"190","endPage":"197","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477440,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(2006)38[190:abagmw]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211896,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(2006)38[190:ABAGMW]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":239272,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee93e4b0c8380cd49e30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyurgerov, M.","contributorId":30407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyurgerov","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030408,"text":"70030408 - 2006 - Sustained long-period seismicity at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-21T20:22:10","indexId":"70030408","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sustained long-period seismicity at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"From September 1999 through April 2004, Shishaldin Volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, exhibited a continuous and extremely high level of background seismicity. This activity consisted of many hundreds to thousands of long-period (LP; 1–2 Hz) earthquakes per day, recorded by a 6-station monitoring network around Shishaldin. The LP events originate beneath the summit at shallow depths (0–3 km). Volcano tectonic events and tremor have rarely been observed in the summit region. Such a high rate of LP events with no eruption suggests that a steady state process has been occurring ever since Shishaldin last erupted in April–May 1999. Following the eruption, the only other signs of volcanic unrest have been occasional weak thermal anomalies and an omnipresent puffing volcanic plume. The LP waveforms are nearly identical for time spans of days to months, but vary over longer time scales. The observations imply that the spatially close source processes are repeating, stable and non-destructive. Event sizes vary, but the rate of occurrence remains roughly constant. The events range from magnitude ∼0.1 to 1.8, with most events having magnitudes <1.0. The observations suggest that the conduit system is open and capable of releasing a large amount of energy, approximately equivalent to at least one magnitude 1.8–2.6 earthquake per day. The rate of observed puffs (1 per minute) in the steam plume is similar to the typical seismic rates, suggesting that the LP events are directly related to degassing processes. However, the source mechanism, capable of producing one LP event about every 0.5–5 min, is still poorly understood. Shishaldin's seismicity is unusual in its sustained high rate of LP events without accompanying eruptive activity. Every indication is that the high rate of seismicity will continue without reflecting a hazardous state. Sealing of the conduit and/or change in gas flux, however, would be expected to change Shishaldin's behavior.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.09.003","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Petersen, T., Caplan-Auerbach, J., and McNutt, S.R., 2006, Sustained long-period seismicity at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 151, no. 4, p. 365-381, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.09.003.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"365","endPage":"381","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Shishaldin Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -165.069580078125,\n 54.322931143263474\n ],\n [\n -165.069580078125,\n 55.21649013168979\n ],\n [\n -162.94921875,\n 55.21649013168979\n ],\n [\n -162.94921875,\n 54.322931143263474\n ],\n [\n -165.069580078125,\n 54.322931143263474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"151","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba322e4b08c986b31fbb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Tanja","contributorId":177624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petersen","given":"Tanja","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13097,"text":"Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":427038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caplan-Auerbach, Jacqueline","contributorId":17848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caplan-Auerbach","given":"Jacqueline","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNutt, Stephen R.","contributorId":38133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNutt","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030400,"text":"70030400 - 2006 - Large rock avalanches triggered by the M 7.9 Denali Fault, Alaska, earthquake of 3 November 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70030400","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large rock avalanches triggered by the M 7.9 Denali Fault, Alaska, earthquake of 3 November 2002","docAbstract":"The moment magnitude (M) 7.9 Denali Fault, Alaska, earthquake of 3 November 2002 triggered thousands of landslides, primarily rock falls and rock slides, that ranged in volume from rock falls of a few cubic meters to rock avalanches having volumes as great as 20 ?? 106 m3. The pattern of landsliding was unusual: the number and concentration of triggered slides was much less than expected for an earthquake of this magnitude, and the landslides were concentrated in a narrow zone about 30-km wide that straddled the fault-rupture zone over its entire 300-km length. Despite the overall sparse landslide concentration, the earthquake triggered several large rock avalanches that clustered along the western third of the rupture zone where acceleration levels and ground-shaking frequencies are thought to have been the highest. Inferences about near-field strong-shaking characteristics drawn from interpretation of the landslide distribution are strikingly consistent with results of recent inversion modeling that indicate that high-frequency energy generation was greatest in the western part of the fault-rupture zone and decreased markedly to the east. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Engineering Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2005.06.029","issn":"00137952","usgsCitation":"Jibson, R., Harp, E.L., Schulz, W., and Keefer, D.K., 2006, Large rock avalanches triggered by the M 7.9 Denali Fault, Alaska, earthquake of 3 November 2002: Engineering Geology, v. 83, no. 1-3, p. 144-160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2005.06.029.","startPage":"144","endPage":"160","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212095,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2005.06.029"},{"id":239516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4481e4b0c8380cd66b79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jibson, R.W.","contributorId":8467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harp, E. L.","contributorId":59026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harp","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schulz, W.","contributorId":6641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keefer, D. K.","contributorId":21176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030379,"text":"70030379 - 2006 - The influence of fall-spawning coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) on growth and production of juvenile coho salmon rearing in beaver ponds on the Copper River Delta, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030379","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of fall-spawning coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) on growth and production of juvenile coho salmon rearing in beaver ponds on the Copper River Delta, Alaska","docAbstract":"This study examined the influence of fall-spawning coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) on the density, growth rate, body condition, and survival to outmigration of juvenile coho salmon on the Copper River Delta, Alaska, USA. During the fall of 1999 and 2000, fish rearing in beaver ponds that received spawning salmon were compared with fish from ponds that did not receive spawners and also with fish from ponds that were artificially enriched with salmon carcasses and eggs. The response to spawning salmon was variable. In some ponds, fall-spawning salmon increased growth rates and improved the condition of juvenile coho salmon. The enrichment with salmon carcasses and eggs significantly increased growth rates of fish in nonspawning ponds. However, there was little evidence that the short-term growth benefits observed in the fall led to greater overwinter growth or survival to outmigration when compared with fish from the nonspawning ponds. One potential reason for this result may be that nutrients from spawning salmon are widely distributed across the delta because of hydrologic connectivity and hyporheic flows. The relationship among spawning salmon, overwinter growth, and smolt production on the Copper River Delta does not appear to be limited entirely to a simple positive feedback loop. ?? 2006 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/f05-268","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Lang, D., Reeves, G., Hall, J., and Wipfli, M., 2006, The influence of fall-spawning coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) on growth and production of juvenile coho salmon rearing in beaver ponds on the Copper River Delta, Alaska: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 63, no. 4, p. 917-930, https://doi.org/10.1139/f05-268.","startPage":"917","endPage":"930","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211831,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-268"}],"volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad20e4b08c986b3239c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lang, D.W.","contributorId":80078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeves, G.H.","contributorId":37287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, J.D.","contributorId":67112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wipfli, M.S.","contributorId":51963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030341,"text":"70030341 - 2006 - Geochemical evidence for the origin of late Quaternary loess in central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030341","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical evidence for the origin of late Quaternary loess in central Alaska","docAbstract":"Loess is extensive in central Alaska, but there are uncertainties about its source and the direction of paleo-winds that deposited it. Both northerly and southerly winds have been inferred. The most likely sources of loess are the Tanana River (south), the Nenana River (southeast), and the Yukon River (north). Late Quaternary loess in central Alaska has immobile trace-element compositions (Cr/Sc, Th/Ta, Th/ Sc, Th/U, Eu/Eu*, GdN/YbN) that indicate derivation mostly from the Tanana River. However, other ratios (As/Sb, Zr/Hf, LaN/YbN) and quantitative modeling indicate that the Yukon River was also a source. During the last glacial period, there may have been a longer residence time of the Siberian and Canadian high-pressure cells, along with a strengthened Aleutian low-pressure cell. This would have generated regional-scale northeasterly winds and explains derivation of loess from the Yukon River. However, superim-posed upon this synoptic-scale circulation, there may have been strong, southerly katabatic winds from expanded glaciers on the northern flank of the Alaska Range. These winds could have provided eolian silt from the Tanana River. Yukon River and Tanana River sediments are highly calcareous, whereas Fairbanks-area loess is not. This suggests that carbonate leaching in loess kept ahead of sedimentation and that late Quaternary loess in central Alaska was deposited relatively slowly. ?? 2006 NRC Canada.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/E05-115","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., and Budahn, J., 2006, Geochemical evidence for the origin of late Quaternary loess in central Alaska: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 43, no. 3, p. 323-337, https://doi.org/10.1139/E05-115.","startPage":"323","endPage":"337","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211776,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/E05-115"},{"id":239129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1632e4b0c8380cd550aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, D.R. 0000-0001-7449-251X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":61460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budahn, J. R. 0000-0001-9794-8882","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":83914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030330,"text":"70030330 - 2006 - Effects of abdominally implanted radiotransmitters with percutaneous antennas on migration, reproduction, and survival of Canada geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:54:23","indexId":"70030330","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of abdominally implanted radiotransmitters with percutaneous antennas on migration, reproduction, and survival of Canada geese","docAbstract":"Abdominally implanted radiotransmitters with percutaneous antennas are increasingly used to monitor movements, survival, and reproduction of waterbirds. However, there has been relatively little assessment of the effects of such radios on avian demographic parameters or migration. We implanted either a 26- or 35-g abdominal transmitter with percutaneous antenna in 198 adult female lesser Canada geese (Branta canadensis parvipes) in Anchorage, Alaska during 2000 and 2001. We compared migration chronology, reproductive effort, and survival of radiomarked females to 118 control females marked with leg bands. Arrival dates following spring migration were similar among females in different treatments in 2001. However, in 2002, wind direction during late migration was less favorable, and arrival of females with 35-g radiotransmitters lagged 1–2 days behind that of control females. Nest initiation dates, clutch size, and mean egg volume were similar for 152 nests of females that lacked radios and 62 nests of radiomarked females. Estimated nesting propensity for females with operable radiotransmitters was 61% and 72% in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Apparent annual survival (ϕ = 0.82, 95% confidence interval: 0.76 to 0.87) was similar among treatments in the first year after geese were marked. In the second and third years after marking, model-averaged estimates for survival of females with large radiotransmitters were 10% lower than estimates for control females. However, the effect of large radios on long-term survival was equivocal because of uncertainty surrounding treatment estimates. We conclude that abdominally implanted radiotransmitters with percutaneous antennas had small effects on migration chronology but no apparent effects on fecundity. Abdominal transmitters can provide unbiased estimates of anserine survival in the first year after deployment. Because of the potentially greater effects of larger transmitters on migration and long-term survival, we recommend that biologists minimize the size of implanted transmitters and deploy radios with caution if long-term survival of marked birds is a concern.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[812:EOAIRW]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Hupp, J.W., Pearce, J.M., Mulcahy, D.M., and Miller, D.A., 2006, Effects of abdominally implanted radiotransmitters with percutaneous antennas on migration, reproduction, and survival of Canada geese: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 70, no. 3, p. 812-822, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[812:EOAIRW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"812","endPage":"822","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"70","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0674e4b0c8380cd51259","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, David A.","contributorId":29193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":426720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030303,"text":"70030303 - 2006 - Genetic and demographic criteria for defining population units for conservation: The value of clear messages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-13T12:00:21","indexId":"70030303","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic and demographic criteria for defining population units for conservation: The value of clear messages","docAbstract":"In a recent paper on Harlequin Duck (Histrionicus histrionicus) interannual site fidelity (Iverson et al. 2004), we concluded that wintering populations were demographically structured at a finer geographic scale than that at which genetic differentiation was observed and that conservation efforts should recognize this degree of demographic independence. In a critique of our study, Pearce and Talbot (2006) contend that our measures of fidelity were not robust and imply that in the face of \"mixed messages\" we failed to appreciate the role of genetic data in defining population units. We recognize, as we did in our original paper, that our methods for quantifying site fidelity have some limitations; however, the patterns in our data are consistent with a considerable body of literature indicating high winter site fidelity in Harlequin Ducks. Moreover, we do not consider differences in the scales at which genetic and demographic structure are expressed to be \"mixed messages,\" given the different spatial and temporal scales at which genetic and contemporary demographic processes operate. We emphasize that a lack of genetic differentiation does not necessarily preclude the existence of contemporary demographic structure with relevance for conservation. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2006.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[480:GADCFD]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Esler, D., Iverson, S.A., and Rizzolo, D., 2006, Genetic and demographic criteria for defining population units for conservation: The value of clear messages: Condor, v. 108, no. 2, p. 480-483, https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[480:GADCFD]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"480","endPage":"483","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477432,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[480:gadcfd]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211774,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[480:GADCFD]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"108","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1563e4b0c8380cd54dbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, S. A.","contributorId":22556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rizzolo, D.J.","contributorId":12681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rizzolo","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028036,"text":"70028036 - 2006 - Denali fault slip rates and Holocene-late Pleistocene kinematics of central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T12:54:41","indexId":"70028036","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Denali fault slip rates and Holocene-late Pleistocene kinematics of central Alaska","docAbstract":"The Denali fault is the principal intracontinental strike-slip fault accommodating deformation of interior Alaska associated with the Yakutat plate convergence. We obtained the first quantitative late Pleistocene-Holocene slip rates on the Denali fault system from dating offset geomorphic features. Analysis of cosmogenic 10Be concentrations in boulders (n = 27) and sediment (n = 13) collected at seven sites, offset 25-170 m by the Denali and Totschunda faults, gives average ages that range from 2.4 ± 0.3 ka to 17.0 ± 1.8 ka. These offsets and ages yield late Pleistocene-Holocene average slip rates of 9.4 ± 1.6, 12.1 ± 1.7, and 8.4 ± 2.2 mm/yr-1 along the western, central, and eastern Denali fault, respectively, and 6.0 ± 1.2 mm/yr-1 along the Totschunda fault. Our results suggest a westward decrease in the mean Pleistocene-Holocene slip rate. This westward decrease likely results from partitioning of slip from the Denali fault system to thrust faults to the north and west. 2006 Geological Society of America.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G22361.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Matmon, A., Schwartz, D.P., Haeussler, P.J., Finkel, R., Lienkaemper, J.J., Stenner, H.D., and Dawson, T.E., 2006, Denali fault slip rates and Holocene-late Pleistocene kinematics of central Alaska: Geology, v. 34, no. 8, p. 645-648, https://doi.org/10.1130/G22361.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"645","endPage":"648","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210361,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G22361.1"}],"volume":"34","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe94e4b0c8380cd4edde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matmon, A.","contributorId":14983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matmon","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":52968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":416237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finkel, R.","contributorId":103028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkel","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lienkaemper, J. J.","contributorId":71947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stenner, Heidi D.","contributorId":35868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenner","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dawson, T. E.","contributorId":84537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70030275,"text":"70030275 - 2006 - The transition from explosive to effusive eruptive regime: The example of the 1912 Novarupta eruption, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-03T18:26:59","indexId":"70030275","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The transition from explosive to effusive eruptive regime: The example of the 1912 Novarupta eruption, Alaska","docAbstract":"The shift from explosive to effusive silicic volcanism seen in many historical eruptions reflects a change in the style of degassing of erupted magma. This paper focuses on such a transition during the largest eruption of the twentieth century, the 1912 eruption of Novarupta. The transition is recorded in a dacite block bed, which covers an elliptical area of 4 km2 around the vent. Approximately 700 studied blocks fall into four main lithologic categories: (1) pumiceous, (2) dense, (3) flow-banded dacites, and (4) welded breccias. Textural analyses of the blocks indicate portions of the melt underwent highly variable degrees of outgassing. Vesicle populations show features characteristic of bubble coalescence and collapse. A decrease in measured vesicularity and increased evidence for bubble collapse compared with pumice from earlier Plinian episodes mark the transition from closed- to open-system degassing. Block morphology and textures strongly suggest the magma was first erupted as a relatively gas-rich lava dome/plug, but incomplete out-gassing led to explosive disruption. Heterogeneous degassing of ascending magma began in Plinian Episode III and resulted in instability during Episode IV dome growth and a (series of) Vulcanian explosion(s). Modeling of the dynamics of explosion initiation and ejecta dispersal indicates that a significant concentration in gas is required to produce the explosions responsible for the observed block field dispersal. The amount of gas available in the hot pumiceous dome material appears to have been inadequate to drive the explosion(s); therefore, external water most likely contributed to the destruction. ?? 2006 Geological Society of America.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25768.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Adams, N., Houghton, B.F., Fagents, S., and Hildreth, W., 2006, The transition from explosive to effusive eruptive regime: The example of the 1912 Novarupta eruption, Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 118, no. 5-6, p. 620-634, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25768.1.","startPage":"620","endPage":"634","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211801,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25768.1"}],"volume":"118","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb138e4b08c986b32527e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, N.K.","contributorId":83729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"N.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":426429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagents, S.A.","contributorId":58840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagents","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hildreth, W. 0000-0002-7925-4251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":100487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030267,"text":"70030267 - 2006 - Traversing a boreal forest landscape: Summer movements of Tule Greater White-fronted Geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T21:35:01","indexId":"70030267","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Traversing a boreal forest landscape: Summer movements of Tule Greater White-fronted Geese","docAbstract":"We monitored the movement, distribution and site affinities of radio-marked Tule Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons elgasi) during spring and summer in Alaska, 1994-1997 and 2004. Our assessment of summer movements was comprehensive, as locations were obtained during prenesting, nesting, and molt for over 90% of geese with active radios captured during winter or the previous summer in Alaska. Geese arrived to coastal and interior marshes in the Cook Inlet Basin (CIB) from mid April to early May, after which they moved to nesting areas in the upper CIB. Nesting birds used coastal staging areas in close proximity to eventual nest site location. Molting sites included a sub-glacial lake system in the upper CIB, although up to 50% of geese underwent a molt migration to wetlands across the Alaska Range, 400-600 km west of the CIB. Geese that molted at distant sites returned to the CIB before autumn migration. Length of stay in the CIB varied among years from 108-119 days, and averaged 116 days. Summer home-range sizes, exclusive of molting areas, averaged >273,000 ha, and were substantially larger than reported for other northern-nesting waterfowl. No radio-marked geese were found nesting in the vicinity of Redoubt Bay on the west side of Cook Inlet, and few nested near the Susitna Flats, the only other previously known nesting areas. The absence of nesting geese from Redoubt Bay corroborates aerial survey data showing a precipitous decline in the use of the west side of Cook Inlet between the early 1980s and early 1990s. The change in distribution of geese is likely related to a major eruption of Redoubt Volcano in 1989 that significantly altered landscapes used by nesting, brood rearing, and molting geese in the vicinity of Redoubt Bay. High inter-site movements of Greater White-fronted Geese throughout summer in south central Alaska likely increases exposure to predation, but also promotes social interactions and facilitates pioneering of distant, and diverse habitats in a vast, patchy, and often unpredictable landscape.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[43:TABFLS]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Ely, C.R., Bollinger, K., Hupp, J.W., Derksen, D., Terenzi, J., Takekawa, J.Y., Orthmeyer, D., Rothe, T., Petrula, M., and Yparraguirre, D., 2006, Traversing a boreal forest landscape: Summer movements of Tule Greater White-fronted Geese: Waterbirds, v. 29, no. 1, p. 43-55, https://doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[43:TABFLS]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"43","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239579,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212143,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[43:TABFLS]2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb78ce4b08c986b327335","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bollinger, K.S.","contributorId":85542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Derksen, D.V.","contributorId":23483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"D.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Terenzi, J.","contributorId":18975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terenzi","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":426389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Orthmeyer, D.L.","contributorId":84684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orthmeyer","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rothe, T.C.","contributorId":10016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rothe","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Petrula, M.J.","contributorId":106713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrula","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Yparraguirre, D.R.","contributorId":97442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yparraguirre","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70030259,"text":"70030259 - 2006 - Colony mapping: A new technique for monitoring crevice-nesting seabirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T14:28:58","indexId":"70030259","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Colony mapping: A new technique for monitoring crevice-nesting seabirds","docAbstract":"Monitoring populations of auklets and other crevice-nesting seabirds remains problematic, although numerous methods have been attempted since the mid-1960s. Anecdotal evidence suggests several large auklet colonies have recently decreased in both abundance and extent, concurrently with vegetation encroachment and succession. Quantifying changes in the geographical extent of auklet colonies may be a useful alternative to monitoring population size directly. We propose a standardized method for colony mapping using a randomized systematic grid survey with two components: a simple presence/absence survey and an auklet evidence density survey. A quantitative auklet evidence density index was derived from the frequency of droppings and feathers. This new method was used to map the colony on St. George Island in the southeastern Bering Sea and results were compared to previous colony mapping efforts. Auklet presence was detected in 62 of 201 grid cells (each grid cell = 2500 m2) by sampling a randomly placed 16 m2 plot in each cell; estimated colony area = 155 000 m2. The auklet evidence density index varied by two orders of magnitude across the colony and was strongly correlated with means of replicated counts of birds socializing on the colony surface. Quantitatively mapping all large auklet colonies is logistically feasible using this method and would provide an important baseline for monitoring colony status. Regularly monitoring select colonies using this method may be the best means of detecting changes in distribution and population size of crevice-nesting seabirds. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2006.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[423:CMANTF]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Renner, H., Renner, M., Reynolds, J., Harping, A., Jones, I., Irons, D., and Byrd, G., 2006, Colony mapping: A new technique for monitoring crevice-nesting seabirds: Condor, v. 108, no. 2, p. 423-434, https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[423:CMANTF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"423","endPage":"434","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239399,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212000,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[423:CMANTF]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"108","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7bae4b0c8380cd4cc94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Renner, H.M.","contributorId":6173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renner","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Renner, M.","contributorId":82922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renner","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reynolds, J.H.","contributorId":64023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harping, A.M.A.","contributorId":103472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harping","given":"A.M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, I.L.","contributorId":20970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"I.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Irons, D.B.","contributorId":52922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irons","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Byrd, G.V.","contributorId":39320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrd","given":"G.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70030226,"text":"70030226 - 2006 - A mechanistic link between chick diet and decline in seabirds?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T09:31:29","indexId":"70030226","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A mechanistic link between chick diet and decline in seabirds?","docAbstract":"A climatic regime shift during the mid-1970s in the North Pacific resulted in decreased availability of lipidrich fish to seabirds and was followed by a dramatic decline in number of kittiwakes breeding on the Pribilof Islands. Although production of chicks in the mid-1970s was adequate to sustain kittiwake populations in the early 1980s, the disappearance of birds from breeding colonies apparently exceeded recruitment. No mechanism has been proposed to explain why recruitment would differ among fledglings fed lipid-rich or lipid-poor fish during development. Here we show that diets low in lipids induce nutritional stress and impair cognitive abilities in young red-legged kittiwakes, Rissa brevirostris. Specifically, growth retardation, increased secretion of stress hormones and inferior ability to associate food distribution with visual cues were observed in individuals fed lipid-poor diets. We conclude that lipid-poor diets during development affect the quality of young seabirds, which is likely to result in their increased mortality and low recruitment. ?? 2005 The Royal Society.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2005.3351","issn":"09628436","usgsCitation":"Kitaysky, A., Kitaiskaia, E., Piatt, J.F., and Wingfield, J., 2006, A mechanistic link between chick diet and decline in seabirds?: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 273, no. 1585, p. 445-450, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3351.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"450","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477589,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1560207","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212086,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3351"}],"volume":"273","issue":"1585","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e44ce4b0c8380cd46574","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kitaysky, A.S.","contributorId":104239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaysky","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kitaiskaia, E.V.","contributorId":102668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaiskaia","given":"E.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wingfield, J.C.","contributorId":22929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingfield","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170962,"text":"70170962 - 2006 - Interaction Assessment: A modeling tool for predicting population dynamics from field data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T16:29:43","indexId":"70170962","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interaction Assessment: A modeling tool for predicting population dynamics from field data","docAbstract":"Interaction Assessment (INTASS) is a field and analytic methodology for constructing population dynamics models. Because data collected in generating a model for one species comprise much of the information needed for other species, a small increase in effort can result in simultaneous expressions for the dynamics of multiple species. These expressions can be used to simulate whole community responses to environmental change, including management actions. Since publication of the most recent paper in this series, the INTASS methodology has undergone a large number of developments. These include the use of conceptual models to direct field and modeling efforts and incorporation of an information theoretic approach to model selection. We review these modifications and additions, applying them to a population of Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoilius hemionis) in Alaska and to cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) at the Desert Experimental Range in Utah. In both cases, useful information about the species’ ecology and population trends was ascertained. INTASS is portable across a wide range of taxa, habitats and management situations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.07.012","usgsCitation":"Emlen, J.M., Duda, J.J., Kirchhoff, M.D., and Freeman, D.C., 2006, Interaction Assessment: A modeling tool for predicting population dynamics from field data: Ecological Modelling, v. 192, no. 3-4, p. 557-570, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.07.012.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"557","endPage":"570","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321194,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"192","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5735a93de4b0dae0d5df512d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emlen, John M.","contributorId":168812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":629249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":145486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":629250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirchhoff, Matt D.","contributorId":169302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirchhoff","given":"Matt","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, D. Carl","contributorId":31599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freeman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Carl","affiliations":[{"id":7147,"text":"Wayne State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029435,"text":"70029435 - 2006 - Local response of a glacier to annual filling and drainage of an ice-marginal lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70029435","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2328,"text":"Journal of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local response of a glacier to annual filling and drainage of an ice-marginal lake","docAbstract":"Ice-marginal Hidden Creek Lake, Alaska, USA, outbursts annually over the course of 2-3 days. As the lake fills, survey targets on the surface of the 'ice dam' (the glacier adjacent to the lake) move obliquely to the ice margin and rise substantially. As the lake drains, ice motion speeds up, becomes nearly perpendicular to the face of the ice dam, and the ice surface drops. Vertical movement of the ice dam probably reflects growth and decay of a wedge of water beneath the ice dam, in line with established ideas about jo??kulhlaup mechanics. However, the distribution of vertical ice movement, with a narrow (50-100 m wide) zone where the uplift rate decreases by 90%, cannot be explained by invoking flexure of the ice dam in a fashion analogous to tidal flexure of a floating glacier tongue or ice shelf. Rather, the zone of large uplift-rate gradient is a fault zone: ice-dam deformation is dominated by movement along high-angle faults that cut the ice dam through its entire thickness, with the sense of fault slip reversing as the lake drains. Survey targets spanning the zone of steep uplift gradient move relative to one another in a nearly reversible fashion as the lake fills and drains. The horizontal strain rate also undergoes a reversal across this zone, being compressional as the lake fills, but extensional as the lake drains. Frictional resistance to fault-block motion probably accounts for the fact that lake level falls measurably before the onset of accelerated horizontal motion and vertical downdrop. As the overall fault pattern is the same from year to year, even though ice is lost by calving, the faults must be regularly regenerated, probably by linkage of surface and bottom crevasses as ice is advected toward the lake basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Glaciology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00221430","usgsCitation":"Walder, J.S., Trabant, D., Cunico, M., Fountain, A.G., Anderson, S., Anderson, R., and Malm, A., 2006, Local response of a glacier to annual filling and drainage of an ice-marginal lake: Journal of Glaciology, v. 52, no. 178, p. 440-450.","startPage":"440","endPage":"450","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"178","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a48e2e4b0c8380cd681c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walder, J. S.","contributorId":32561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trabant, D.C.","contributorId":42209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trabant","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cunico, M.","contributorId":82905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunico","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fountain, A. G.","contributorId":29815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fountain","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, S.P.","contributorId":59600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anderson, R. Scott","contributorId":6983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"R. 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