{"pageNumber":"162","pageRowStart":"4025","pageSize":"25","recordCount":6233,"records":[{"id":70174319,"text":"70174319 - 1998 - Time series Of suspended-solids concentration, salinity, temperature, and total mercury concentration in San Francisco Bay during water year 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T13:36:30","indexId":"70174319","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":396,"text":"Annual Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"subseriesTitle":"San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances","title":"Time series Of suspended-solids concentration, salinity, temperature, and total mercury concentration in San Francisco Bay during water year 1996","docAbstract":"<p>Many physical processes affect how constituents within San Francisco Bay vary. Processes and their associated time scales include turbulence (seconds), semidiurnal and diurnal tides (hours), the spring-neap tidal cycle (days), freshwater flow (weeks), seasonal winds (months), ecological and climatic changes (years), and geologic changes (thousands of years). The effect and relative importance of physical processes on the Bay can be determined from continuous time series of suspended-solids concentration (SSC), salinity, and water temperature. SSC time series and Regional Monitoring Program (RMP) waterquality data can be used to calculate time series of some trace-element concentrations (Schoellhamer, 1997). The purpose of this chapter is to qualitatively describe time series of SSC, salinity, water temperature, and mercury during water year 1996 (October 1995 through September 1996). In addition, a calculated time series of mercury will be used to evaluate the accuracy of using instantaneous water samples to evaluate a 4-day average water-quality objective.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"1996 Annual report, San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","publisherLocation":"Richmond, CA","usgsCitation":"Schoellhamer, D., 1998, Time series Of suspended-solids concentration, salinity, temperature, and total mercury concentration in San Francisco Bay during water year 1996: Annual Report, 13 p.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"77","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324884,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sfei.org/documents/1996-annual-report-san-francisco-estuary-regional-monitoring-program-trace-substances"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.53326416015624,\n              37.42470717168675\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.53326416015624,\n              38.229550455326134\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.86035156249999,\n              38.229550455326134\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.86035156249999,\n              37.42470717168675\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.53326416015624,\n              37.42470717168675\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780cec0e4b08116168223dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25550,"text":"wri984059 - 1998 - Ground-water discharge and base-flow nitrate loads of nontidal streams, and their relation to a hydrogeomorphic classification of the Chesapeake Bay watershed, middle Atlantic Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-11T19:57:14.800628","indexId":"wri984059","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4059","title":"Ground-water discharge and base-flow nitrate loads of nontidal streams, and their relation to a hydrogeomorphic classification of the Chesapeake Bay watershed, middle Atlantic Coast","docAbstract":"<p>Existing data on base-flow and groundwater nitrate loads were compiled and analyzed to assess the significance of groundwater discharge as a source of the nitrate load to nontidal streams of the Chesapeake Bay watershed. These estimates were then related to hydrogeomorphic settings based on lithology and physiographic province to provide insight on the areal distribution of ground-water discharge. Base-flow nitrate load accounted for 26 to about 100 percent of total-flow nitrate load, with a median value of 56 percent, and it accounted for 17 to 80 percent of total-flow total-nitrogen load, with a median value of 48 percent.</p><p>Hydrograph separations were conducted on continuous streamflow records from 276 gaging stations within the watershed. The values for base flow thus calculated were considered an estimate of ground-water discharge. The ratio of base flow to total flow provided an estimate of the relative importance of ground-water discharge within a basin.</p><p>Base-flow nitrate loads, total-flow nitrate loads, and total-flow total-nitrogen loads were previously computed from water-quality and discharge measurements by use of a regression model. Base-flow nitrate loads were available from 78 stations, total-flow nitrate loads were available from 86 stations, and total-flow total-nitrogen loads were available for 48 stations. The percentage of base-flow nitrate load to total-flow nitrate load could be computed for 57 stations, whereas the percentage of base-flow nitrate load to totalflow total-nitrogen load could be computed for 36 stations. These loads were divided by the basin area to obtain yields, which were used to compare the nitrate discharge from basins of different sizes.</p><p>The results indicate that ground-water discharge is a significant source of water and nitrate to the total streamflow and nitrate load. Base flow accounted for 16 to 92 percent of total streamflow at the 276 sampling sites, with a median value of 54 percent. It is estimated that of the 50 billion gallons of water that reaches the Chesapeake Bay each day, nearly 27 billion gallons is base flow.</p><p>Generalized lithology (siliciclastic, carbonate, crystalline, and unconsolidated) was combined with physiographic province (the Appalachian Plateau, the Valley and Ridge, the Blue Ridge, the Piedmont, including the Mesozoic Lowland section, and the Coastal Plain) to delineate 11 hydrogeomorphic regions. Areal variation of base flow and base-flow nitrate yield were assessed by means of nonparametric, one-way analysis of variance on basins grouped by the dominant hydrogeomorphic region and by correlation analysis of base flow or base-flow nitrate yield with the percentage of land area of a given hydrogeomorphic region within a basin.</p><p>Base flow appeared to have a significant relation to the hydrogeomorphic regions. The highest percentages of base flow were found in areas underlain by carbonate rock, crystalline rock with relatively low relief, and unconsolidated sediments. Lower percentages were found in areas underlain by siliclastic rocks and crystalline rocks with relatively high relief.</p><p>The relation between base-flow nitrate yield and hydrogeomorphic region is less clear. Although there is a relation between low nitrate yields and areas underlain by highrelief siliciclastic rocks, and a relation between high yields and carbonate rocks, much of this relation can be explained by the strong association between the hydrogeomorphic units and land use. In addition, most basins are mixtures of several hydrogeomorphic regions, so the nitrate yield from a basin depends on a large number of complex interacting factors. These unclear results indicate that the sample of available data used here may not be adequate to fully assess the relation between base-flow nitrate yield and the hydrogeomorphic setting of the basin. The results appear to show, however, that ground-water discharge is an important component of the total nontidal streamflow, and that ground-water discharge varies according to the hydrogeomorphic regions. Environmental management of the nontidal streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed will thus have to consider the prevention of nutrient infiltration into aquifers as well as prevention of overland runoff of high-nitrogen waters.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984059","usgsCitation":"Bachman, L.J., Lindsey, B., Brakebill, J.W., and Powars, D.S., 1998, Ground-water discharge and base-flow nitrate loads of nontidal streams, and their relation to a hydrogeomorphic classification of the Chesapeake Bay watershed, middle Atlantic Coast: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4059, iv, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984059.","productDescription":"iv, 71 p.","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience 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,{"id":29184,"text":"wri984225 - 1998 - Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-21T09:16:49","indexId":"wri984225","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4225","title":"Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996","docAbstract":"<p>Statistical summaries of streamflow data are given for 142 unregulated or partly regulated continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations and 178 peak-flow partial-record stations in Arizona through water year 1996. Streamflow statistics were generated for stations with a minimum period of record of 10 years. Summaries for continuous-record stations include: (1) station description, (2) statistics of mean monthly and annual discharges, (3) magnitude and probability of annual peak discharge, (4) magnitude and probability of annual low and high flow, (5) mean daily flow duration, and (6) basin and climatic characteristics. Statistical summaries for peak-flow partial-record stations include: (1) station description, (2) magnitude and probability of annual peak discharge, and (3) basin and climatic characteristics.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984225","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources, Bureau of Reclamation, Pima County Board of Supervisors, Flood Control District of Maricopa County, and Salt River Project","usgsCitation":"Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4225, xii, 907 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984225.","productDescription":"xii, 907 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 \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dce4b07f02db5e1a9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, Gregory L.","contributorId":69608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rigas, Patricia D.","contributorId":83149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rigas","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Christopher F. 0000-0002-8075-4763 cfsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-4763","contributorId":1338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher","email":"cfsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":201100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":22294,"text":"ofr98572 - 1998 - Water velocities and the potential for the movement of bed sediments in Sinclair Inlet of Puget Sound, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-08T14:26:49","indexId":"ofr98572","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-572","title":"Water velocities and the potential for the movement of bed sediments in Sinclair Inlet of Puget Sound, Washington","docAbstract":"Sinclair Inlet is a small embayment of Puget Sound in the State of Washington. The inlet, about 6.5 kilometers long and 1.5 kilometers wide, is the site of Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. There are concerns that bed sediments in the inlet may have been contaminated as a result of activities at the shipyard, and that these sediments could be resuspended by tide- and wind-driven currents and transported within the inlet or out of the inlet to other parts of Puget Sound. This study was conducted to provide information concerning the potential for sediment resuspension in the inlet.\r\n\r\nTo obtain the necessary data, vertical profiles of water current from about 2 meters above the bed to 2 meters below the water surface were monitored with acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) at three locations during a 6.5-week winter period and a 4.5-week summer period in 1994. In addition, during the winter period, water velocites between 0.19 and 1.20 meters above the bed were measured with current meters using an instrument package called Geoprobe, which was deployed near one of the ADCPs. Other instruments on the Geoprobe measured light transmissivity, and a camera periodically took photographs of the bottom. Instruments on the Geoprobe and on the ADCPs also measured conductivity (for determining salinity), temperature, and pressure (for determinining tide). Samples of bed sediment and water samples for determining suspended-sediment concentration were collected at each of the current-measurement stations. Wind speed and direction were measured at three stations during a 12-month period, and tide was measured at one of these stations.\r\n\r\nWater currents measured at the three locations in Sinclair Inlet were relatively weak. Typical speeds were 5 to 10 centimeters per second, and the RMS (root-mean-square) speeds were less than 8 centimeters per second. Tidal and residual currents were of similar magnitude. Residual currents near the bottom typically were flowing in the opposite direction of the prevailing wind, while surface currents were in the same direction as the prevailing wind. During most of the year, the prevailing wind was from the soutwest quadrant; however, during July and August, the prevailing wind was usually from the northeast quadrant.\r\n\r\nThe RMS of the total shear velocity for each ADCP station and measurement period, which was estimated from observed profiles of current velocity, ranged from 0.31 centimeters per second to 0.44 centimeters per second. The skin-friction component of the shear velocity was estimated to be no more than half the total. Critical shear velocity, estimated from particle sizes and density of the bed material, was 0.39 centimeters per second or larger. Comparisons of the skin-friction components of total bottom shear velocities with estimates of the critical shear velocity necessary for resuspension of the bed sediments indicate that resuspension occurs only infrequently, usually at times of maximum current during the tidal cycle. This conclusion is supported by measurements near the bed of light transmissivity, which is related to suspended-sediment concentration.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98572","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Gartner, J.W., Prych, E., Tate, G.B., Cacchione, D., Cheng, R.T., Bidlake, W.R., and Ferreira, J., 1998, Water velocities and the potential for the movement of bed sediments in Sinclair Inlet of Puget Sound, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-572, vi, 140 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98572.","productDescription":"vi, 140 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0572/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51714,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0572/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -125.46386718749999,\n              47.14489748555398\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.86035156249999,\n              47.14489748555398\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.86035156249999,\n              49.001843917978526\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.46386718749999,\n              49.001843917978526\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.46386718749999,\n              47.14489748555398\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa388","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gartner, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":77524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prych, E. A.","contributorId":36163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prych","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tate, G. B.","contributorId":46119,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tate","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":187947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cheng, R. 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,{"id":6829,"text":"fs04798 - 1998 - Summary of findings about circulation and the estuarine turbidity maximum in Suisun Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T12:42:58","indexId":"fs04798","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"047-98","title":"Summary of findings about circulation and the estuarine turbidity maximum in Suisun Bay, California","docAbstract":"<p>Suisun Bay, California, is the most landward subembayment of San Francisco Bay (fig. 1) and is an important ecological habitat (Cloern and others, 1983; Jassby and others, 1995). During the 1960s and 1970s, data collected in Suisun Bay were analyzed to develop a conceptual model of how water, salt, and sediment move within and through the Bay. This conceptual model has been used to manage freshwater flows from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta to Suisun Bay to improve habitat for several threatened and endangered fish species. Instrumentation used to measure water velocity, salinity, and suspended-solids concentration (SSC) greatly improved during the 1980s and 1990s. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has utilized these new instruments to collect one of the largest, high-quality hydrodynamic and sediment data sets available for any estuary. Analysis of these new data has led to the revision of the conceptual model of circulation and sediment transport in Suisun Bay.</p>","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs04798","usgsCitation":"Schoellhamer, D., and Burau, J.R., 1998, Summary of findings about circulation and the estuarine turbidity maximum in Suisun Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 047-98, 1 folded sheet ([6] p.) : ill. (some col.), col. map ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs04798.","productDescription":"1 folded sheet ([6] p.) : ill. (some col.), col. map ; 28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0047/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34163,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0047/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":842,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sfbay.wr.usgs.gov/sediment/circulation/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6992fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":153410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burau, Jon R. 0000-0002-5196-5035 jrburau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-5035","contributorId":1500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burau","given":"Jon","email":"jrburau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":153411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53928,"text":"itr19980004 - 1998 - Stream habitat analysis using the instream flow incremental methodology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-18T12:41:59","indexId":"itr19980004","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":37,"text":"Information and Technology Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"1998-0004","title":"Stream habitat analysis using the instream flow incremental methodology","docAbstract":"This document describes the Instream Flow Methodology in its entirety. This also is to serve as a comprehensive introductory textbook on IFIM for training courses as it contains the most complete and comprehensive description of IFIM in existence today. This should also serve as an official guide to IFIM in publication to counteract the misconceptions about the methodology that have pervaded the professional literature since the mid-1980's as this describes IFIM as it is envisioned by its developers. The document is aimed at the decisionmakers of management and allocation of natural resources in providing them an overview; and to those who design and implement studies to inform the decisionmakers. There should be enough background on model concepts, data requirements, calibration techniques, and quality assurance to help the technical user design and implement a cost-effective application of IFIM that will provide policy-relevant information. Some of the chapters deal with basic organization of IFIM, procedural sequence of applying IFIM starting with problem identification, study planning and implementation, and problem resolution.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Bovee, K.D., Lamb, B., Bartholow, J.M., Stalnaker, C., Taylor, J., and Henriksen, J., 1998, Stream habitat analysis using the instream flow incremental methodology: Information and Technology Report 1998-0004, viii, 130 p.","productDescription":"viii, 130 p.","numberOfPages":"138","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177144,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a513d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bovee, Ken D.","contributorId":100447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bovee","given":"Ken","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamb, Berton L.","contributorId":24009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"Berton L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartholow, John M.","contributorId":77598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholow","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stalnaker, Clair B.","contributorId":30871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stalnaker","given":"Clair B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taylor, Jonathan","contributorId":106431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Henriksen, Jim","contributorId":23638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henriksen","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":54160,"text":"wdrCO982 - 1998 - Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1998--Volume 2. Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:11","indexId":"wdrCO982","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CO-98-2","title":"Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1998--Volume 2. Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for Colorado for the 1998 water year consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of wells and springs. This report (Volumes 1 and 2) contains discharge records for 316 gaging stations, stage and contents of 26 lakes and reservoirs, discharge measurements for 1 partial-record low-flow station and 1 miscellaneous site, peak-flow information for 29 crest-stage partial-record stations; water quality for 118 gaging stations and for 8 lakes and reservoirs, supplemental water quality for 192 gaged sites; water quality for 72 miscellaneous sites and 14 observation wells; water levels for 3 observation wells, and meteorological data for 25 sites. Seven pertinent stations operated by bordering States also are included in this report. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the direction of W.F. Horak, District Chief. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrCO982","usgsCitation":"Crowfoot, R., Bruce, N., Unruh, J., Steinheimer, J., Ritz, G., Smith, M., Jenkins, J., and O’Neill, G.B., 1998, Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1998--Volume 2. Colorado River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CO-98-2, 569 p.; 5 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCO982.","productDescription":"569 p.; 5 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5606,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wdrCO982","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":184235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbdd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crowfoot, R.M.","contributorId":6116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowfoot","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruce, N.L.","contributorId":30295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruce","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Unruh, J.W.","contributorId":105756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unruh","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steinheimer, J.T.","contributorId":81121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinheimer","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ritz, G.F.","contributorId":69581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritz","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, M.E.","contributorId":104525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jenkins, Jenkins","contributorId":107781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Jenkins","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"O’Neill, G. B.","contributorId":72450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":54690,"text":"wdrMI971 - 1998 - Water resources data, Michigan, water year 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-26T15:46:16","indexId":"wdrMI971","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MI-97-1","title":"Water resources data, Michigan, water year 1997","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1997 water year for Michigan consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of groundwater wells. This report contains discharge records for 146 streamflow-gaging stations; stage only records for 1 stream-gaging station and 20 lake-gaging stations; stage and contents for 3 lakes and reservoirs; water-quality records for 20 streamflow-gaging stations and 1 lake-gaging station; water-level records for 31 ground-water wells. Also included are 31 crest-stage partial-record stations and 2 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program. Miscellaneous data were collected at 39 discharge measuring sites and 40 water-quality sampling sites. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, local, and Federal agencies in Michigan.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMI971","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Michigan and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Blumer, S.P., Behrendt, T., Ellis, J., Minnerick, R., LeuVoy, R., and Whited, C., 1998, Water resources data, Michigan, water year 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MI-97-1, xviii, 411 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMI971.","productDescription":"xviii, 411 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":87897,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1997/mi-97-1/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.50 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P.","contributorId":23938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blumer","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Behrendt, T.E.","contributorId":27887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behrendt","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, J.M.","contributorId":29502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minnerick, R. J.","contributorId":52255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minnerick","given":"R. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LeuVoy, R.L.","contributorId":56706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeuVoy","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whited, C.R.","contributorId":49387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whited","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":54159,"text":"wdrCO981 - 1998 - Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1998--Volume 1. Missouri River Basin, Arkansas River Basin, and Rio Grande Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:11","indexId":"wdrCO981","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CO-98-1","title":"Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1998--Volume 1. Missouri River Basin, Arkansas River Basin, and Rio Grande Basin","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for Colorado for the 1998 water year consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of wells and springs. This report (Volumes 1 and 2) contains discharge records for 316 gaging stations, stage and contents of 26 lakes and reservoirs, discharge measurements for 1 partial-record low-flow station and 1 miscellaneous site, peak-flow information for 29 crest-stage partial-record stations; water quality for 118 gaging stations and for 8 lakes and reservoirs, supplemental water quality for 192 gaged sites; water quality for 72 miscellaneous sites and 14 observation wells; water levels for 3 observation wells, and meteorological data for 25 sites. Seven pertinent stations operated by bordering States also are included in this report. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the direction of W.F. Horak, District Chief. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrCO981","usgsCitation":"Crowfoot, R., Bruce, N., Unruh, J., Steinheimer, J., Ritzz, G., Smith, M., Steger, R., and O’Neill, G.B., 1998, Water Resources Data, Colorado, Water Year 1998--Volume 1. Missouri River Basin, Arkansas River Basin, and Rio Grande Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CO-98-1, 451 p.; 5 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCO981.","productDescription":"451 p.; 5 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5605,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wdrCO981","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":184234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbdcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crowfoot, R.M.","contributorId":6116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowfoot","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruce, N.L.","contributorId":30295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruce","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Unruh, J.W.","contributorId":105756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unruh","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steinheimer, J.T.","contributorId":81121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinheimer","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ritzz, G.F.","contributorId":28307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritzz","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, M.E.","contributorId":104525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Steger, R.D.","contributorId":78008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steger","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"O’Neill, G. B.","contributorId":72450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":68688,"text":"ha731 - 1998 - Geology, ground-water flow, and dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water along hydrogeologic sections through Wisconsin aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-28T11:20:03","indexId":"ha731","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"731","title":"Geology, ground-water flow, and dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water along hydrogeologic sections through Wisconsin aquifers","docAbstract":"<p>A cooperative project between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) was begun with the objectives of describing water quality and its relation to the hydrology of Wisconsin's principal aquifers and summarizing instances of ground-water contamination and quality problems from information available in DNR files. The first objective was met by a hydrologic investigation done by the USGS, and the second, by preparation of a report by the DNR, for their internal use, that describes the State's water resources and known ground-water quality and contamination problems and makes policy recommendations for ground-water management.<br />The USGS investigation was divided into two phases. The first phase consisted of compiling available water-quality and hydrogeologic data and collecting new data to describe general regional water-quality and hydrogeologic relations within and between Wisconsin aquifers. The second phase began concurrently with the later part of the first phase and consisted of an areal description of water quality and flow in the State's shallow aquifer system (Kammerer, 1995). The overall purpose of this investigation was to provide a regional framework that could serve as a basis for intensive local and site specific ground-water investigations by State and local government agencies.<br />This report presents the results of the first phase of the USGS investigation. Regional hydrogeologic and water-quality relations within and between aquifers are shown along 15 hydrogeologic sections that traverse the State. Maps are used to show surficial geology of bedrock and unconsolidated deposits and horizontal direction of ground-water flow. Interpretations on the maps and hydrogeologic sections are based on data from a variety of sources and provide the basis for the areal appraisal of water quality in the State's shallow aquifer system in the second phase of the investigation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha731","isbn":"0607886994","usgsCitation":"Kammerer, P., 1998, Geology, ground-water flow, and dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water along hydrogeologic sections through Wisconsin aquifers: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 731, 4 Plates: 40.00 x 48.50 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha731.","productDescription":"4 Plates: 40.00 x 48.50 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science 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,{"id":54291,"text":"wdrMDDE971 - 1998 - Water resources data, Maryland and Delaware, water year 1997, volume 1. surface-water data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:53","indexId":"wdrMDDE971","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MD-DE-97-1","title":"Water resources data, Maryland and Delaware, water year 1997, volume 1. surface-water data","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1997 water year for Maryland and Delaware consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs. This volume (Volume 1. Surface-Water Data) contains records for water discharge at 101 gaging stations; stage and contents of 1 reservoir; and water quality at 17 gaging stations. Also included are stage and discharge for 3 creststage partial-record stations, discharge only for 9 low-flow partial-record stations, and stage only for 7 tidal crest-stage partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, local, and Federal agencies in Maryland and Delaware.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrMDDE971","isbn":"03644367","usgsCitation":"James, R.W., Helinsky, B.M., and Tallman, A.J., 1998, Water resources data, Maryland and Delaware, water year 1997, volume 1. surface-water data: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MD-DE-97-1, 374 P., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMDDE971.","productDescription":"374 P.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5405,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wdr-md-de-dc-97-1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":174287,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f1283","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, Robert W. Jr.","contributorId":77514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helinsky, Bernard M.","contributorId":63787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helinsky","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tallman, Anthony J.","contributorId":56275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tallman","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":54293,"text":"wdrMN971 - 1998 - Water Resources Data Minnesota Water Year 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:17","indexId":"wdrMN971","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MN-97-1","title":"Water Resources Data Minnesota Water Year 1997","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1997 water year for Minnesota consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground water. This volume contains discharge records for 101 stream-gaging stations; stage and contents for 13 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 28 stream-gaging stations; peak flow data for 85 high-flow partial-record stations; and water levels for 16 observation wells. These data represent a part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Minnesota.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMN971","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Division of Waters; the Minnesota Department of Transportation; and with other State, municipal, and Federal agencies","usgsCitation":"Mitton, G., Guttormson, K., Larson, W., Stratton, G., and Wakeman, E., 1998, Water Resources Data Minnesota Water Year 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MN-97-1, 482 p.; incomplete, see online readme page, https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMN971.","productDescription":"482 p.; incomplete, see online readme page","temporalStart":"1996-10-01","temporalEnd":"1997-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1997/mn-97-1/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":12231,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/infodata/ann-repts/annrpt97/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":87867,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1997/mn-97-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.25,43.5 ], [ -97.25,49.5 ], [ -89.5,49.5 ], [ -89.5,43.5 ], [ -97.25,43.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a1e4b07f02db5be40c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitton, G.B.","contributorId":104517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitton","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guttormson, K.G.","contributorId":78359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guttormson","given":"K.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, W.W.","contributorId":27922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stratton, G.W.","contributorId":26749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stratton","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wakeman, E.S.","contributorId":83593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wakeman","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":54623,"text":"wdrKS971 - 1998 - Water Resources Data, Kansas, Water Year 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:36","indexId":"wdrKS971","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"KS-97-1","title":"Water Resources Data, Kansas, Water Year 1997","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1997 water year for Kansas consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; elevation and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels of ground-water wells. This report contains records for water discharge at 150 gaging stations; elevation and contents at 19 watershed lakes or reservoirs; and water-level data at 19 wells. Also included are data for 27 high-flow and 2 low-flow partial-record stations; and 2 chemical quality of precipitation stations. Miscellaneous onsite water-quality data were collected at 149 stations. These data represent that part of the National Water Information System collected by the U.S. Geologcal Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Kansas.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrKS971","usgsCitation":"Putnam, J., Lacock, D., Schneider, D., and Carlson, M., 1998, Water Resources Data, Kansas, Water Year 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report KS-97-1, 445 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrKS971.","productDescription":"445 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5317,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ks.water.usgs.gov/Kansas/pubs/abstracts/data.rpt97.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":177789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb87a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Putnam, J.E.","contributorId":54634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putnam","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacock, D.L.","contributorId":20003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacock","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schneider, D.R.","contributorId":67579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlson, M.D.","contributorId":66288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":54445,"text":"wdrCA972 - 1998 - Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1997. Volume 2. Pacific Slope Basins from Arroyo Grande to Oregon State Line except Central Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-01T01:01:51","indexId":"wdrCA972","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CA-97-2","title":"Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1997. Volume 2. Pacific Slope Basins from Arroyo Grande to Oregon State Line except Central Valley","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1997 water year for California consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams, stage and contents in lakes and reservoirs, and water levels and water quality in wells. Volume 2 contains discharge records for 101 gaging stations, gage height records for 7 stations, stage and contents for 6 lakes and reservoirs, and water quality for 12 stations and 10 water-quality partial-record miscellaneous sites. Also included are data for l low-flow partial-record station and 3 miscellaneous measurement stations. These data represent that prut of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in California.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","doi":"10.3133/wdrCA972","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources and with other agencies.","usgsCitation":"Webster, M., Friebel, M., and Freeman, L., 1998, Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1997. Volume 2. Pacific Slope Basins from Arroyo Grande to Oregon State Line except Central Valley (Legacy Report): U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CA-97-2, xviii, 322 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCA972.","productDescription":"xviii, 322 p.","numberOfPages":"344","costCenters":[{"id":631,"text":"Water Resources Division-California District","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wdr_CA_97_2.jpg"},{"id":260069,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1997/ca-97/WRD-1997-vol2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Arroyo Grande;Pacific Slope Basins","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.4,35 ], [ -124.4,42 ], [ -119.83333333333333,42 ], [ -119.83333333333333,35 ], [ -124.4,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Legacy Report","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc09e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webster, M.D.","contributorId":68385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webster","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friebel, M.F.","contributorId":23207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friebel","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, L.A.","contributorId":86374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":54837,"text":"wdrNV971 - 1998 - Water resources data, Nevada, water year 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-22T21:05:52.199085","indexId":"wdrNV971","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"NV-97-1","title":"Water resources data, Nevada, water year 1997","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data published herein for the 1997 water year comprise the following records:</p><p>o Water discharge for 173 gaging stations on streams, canals and drains.<br>o Discharge for 170 peak-flow stations and miscellaneous sites, and 6 springs.<br>o Stage and contents for 21 lakes and reservoirs.<br>o Water-quality data for 64 stream, lake, canal, spring, and drain sites, and 115 wells.<br>o Precipitation totals for 36 stations.<br>o Water levels for 34 continuous record wells, and 924 observation wells.<br>o Water withdrawals for 14 wells</p><p><br>Additional water-data, collected at various sites that are not part of the systematic data-collection program, are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Nevada.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrNV971","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Nevada and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Bonner, L.J., Elliott, P.E., Etchemendy, L., and Swartwood, J., 1998, Water resources data, Nevada, water year 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report NV-97-1, xxv, 636 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrNV971.","productDescription":"xxv, 636 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":431324,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1997/nv-97-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174878,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1997/nv-97-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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J.R.","contributorId":81553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swartwood","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70039467,"text":"70039467 - 1997 - Wisconsin: A summary of cooperative water-resources investigations 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-08T01:02:14","indexId":"70039467","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:37:15","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":379,"text":"Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Wisconsin: A summary of cooperative water-resources investigations 1997","docAbstract":"The objectives of this study are to provide continuous discharge records for selected rivers at specific sites to supply the needs for regulation, analytical studies, definition of statistical properties, trends analysis, determination of the occurrence, and distribution of water in streams for planning. The project is also designed to determine lake levels and to provide discharge for floods, low-flow conditions, and for water-quality investigations. Requests for streamflow data and information relating to streamflow in Wisconsin are answered. Basic data are published annually in the report \"Water Resources Data-Wisconsin.\"","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70039467","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 1997, Wisconsin: A summary of cooperative water-resources investigations 1997: Report, viii, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039467.","productDescription":"viii, 56 p.","numberOfPages":"67","costCenters":[{"id":676,"text":"Wisconsin Water Resource Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261594,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039467/report.pdf"},{"id":261595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039467/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.9,42.5 ], [ -92.9,47.05 ], [ -86.81666666666666,47.05 ], [ -86.81666666666666,42.5 ], [ -92.9,42.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd172e4b08c986b32f432","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","contributorId":127977,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","id":535310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22123,"text":"ofr9716 - 1997 - Reworking of aggraded debris fans by the 1996 controlled flood on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T15:29:52.969733","indexId":"ofr9716","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-16","displayTitle":"Reworking of Aggraded Debris Fans by the 1996 Controlled Flood on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona","title":"Reworking of aggraded debris fans by the 1996 controlled flood on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>Debris flows from 600 tributaries in Grand Canyon periodically deposit poorly sorted sediment on debris fans along the Colorado River between Lakes Powell and Mead. Before regulation, stable fans and rapids along the river resulted from the interaction of tributary debris flows and large, mainstem floods. Floods in the Colorado River maintained fans and rapids as highly-reworked deposits of boulders and cobbles. After the closure of Glen Canyon Dam in 1963, decreases in stage and stream power associated with reduced annual peak flows drastically reduced the amount of debris-fan reworking. Previous research has shown that modest powerplant releases from Glen Canyon Dam, particularly in combination with tributary floods, can significantly rework aggraded debris fans. These limited flows have entrained boulders up to 1 mo in diameter, although discharges greatly exceeding the maximum powerplant release (946 m<sup>3</sup>/s) would be required to completely remove most aggraded fans. </p><p>From 1987 through 1995, debris flows constricted the Colorado River at the mouths of at least 25 tributary canyons in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, creating 2 new rapids and narrowing at least 9 existing riffles or rapids. The highest peak discharge on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon between 1986 and 1996 was 960 m<sup>3</sup>/s in January 1993. In March-April 1996, we studied the effects of a 7-day flood release that peaked at 1,370 m<sup>3</sup>/s on 18 recently aggraded debris fans downstream from Glen Canyon Dam. </p><p>The largest changes occurred at Badger and Lava Falls rapids, 38 and 312 km downstream from the dam, respectively; several other aggraded debris fans were only slightly changed. Areas of aggraded debris fans decreased by 2 to 42 percent; only the debris fan at Bedrock Rapid, which is controlled by a large bedrock outcrop, increased in area owing to deposition of reworked sediment on the downstream margin. Volumes decreased on 7 of 9 debris fans by 3 to 34 percent. The distal margins of most recently aggraded debris fans became armored with a lag of cobbles and boulders, and the width of the reworked zone on most debris fans increased by 4 to 30 m. Constriction of the river decreased at 11 of 18 debris fans, although some rapids, such as Tanner Rapid, became slightly more constricted at low discharges owing to changes in stage-discharge relations. Velocities on the left and right sides of Lava Falls Rapid decreased by about half, but velocities increased in three other rapids (e.g., Badger Creek Rapid). Stream power per unit width decreased in 9 of 10 rapids because of decreases in water-surface fall and widening of the rapids. Changes in the sizes of upper pool sand bars were inconsistent, although separation bars downstream from the reworked debris fan generally increased in size. </p><p>The amount of stream power generated by the controlled flood greatly affected the variability of reworking among the 18 debris fans. For a given discharge, mainstem reworking is expected to vary with channel and debris-fan geometry, the initial particle-size distribution of the deposit, and distance from the dam. The elapsed time between debris flow and the controlled flood also was important because larger particles at older deposits became interlocked, imbricated, and (or) sutured together during smaller dam releases combined with tributary floods in January 1993 and August 1994. The effectiveness of future floods of similar magnitude in reworking debris fans will depend in part on the release history and extent of armoring in the period between the debris flow and the flood. If reworking of debris fans is a criterion for design of future controlled floods, our data support release of a higher peak discharge of shorter duration shortly after constricting debris flows occur. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9716","usgsCitation":"Webb, R., Melis, T., Griffiths, P.G., and Elliott, J.G., 1997, Reworking of aggraded debris fans by the 1996 controlled flood on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-16, ii, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9716.","productDescription":"ii, 36 p.","costCenters":[{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":51572,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0016/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0016/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.08203125,\n              35.68407153314097\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.20361328125,\n              35.68407153314097\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.20361328125,\n              36.94989178681327\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.08203125,\n              36.94989178681327\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.08203125,\n              35.68407153314097\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db6027d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, Robert H. rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert H.","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":187208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melis, T.S.","contributorId":85621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melis","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffiths, Peter G. 0000-0002-8663-8907 pggriffi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-8907","contributorId":187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Peter","email":"pggriffi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":187211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Elliott, J. G.","contributorId":45341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":25701,"text":"wri974280 - 1997 - Pesticides in surface water of the Mid-Atlantic region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:18","indexId":"wri974280","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4280","title":"Pesticides in surface water of the Mid-Atlantic region","docAbstract":"Water-quality data from 463 surface-water sites were compiled and analyzed to document the occurrence and distribution of pesticides in surface water of the Mid-Atlantic region as part of the Mid-Atlantic Integrated Assessment program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Those data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey from October 1973 through March 1997 were used in the analyses. Data are available for a large part of the Mid-Atlantic region, but large spatial gaps in the data do exist. USGS data bases contained analyses of surface-water samples for 127 pesticide compounds, including 12 degradates, but only 16 of the compounds were commonly detected. Atrazine, metolachlor, simazine, prometon, alachlor, tebuthiuron, cyanazine, diazinon, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, pendimethalin, 2,4-D, dieldrin, DCPA, metribuzin, and desethylatrazine (an atrazine degradate) were detected in more than 100 of the samples analyzed. At least one pesticide was detected in about 75 percent of the samples collected and at more than 90 percent of the sites sampled. Concentrations greater than the Federal Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for drinking water of 3 micrograms per liter (ug/L) for atrazine were found in 67 of 2,076 samples analyzed; concentrations greater than the MCL of 2ug/L for alachlor were found in 13 of 1,693 samples analyzed, and concentrations greater than the MCL of 4 ug/L for simazine were found in 17 of 1,995 samples analyzed. Concentrations of four pesticides were greater than Federal Health Advisory levels for drinking water, and concentrations of nine pesticides were greater than Federal Ambient Water-Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms. Streams draining basins with different land uses tend to have different pesticide detection frequencies and median concentrations. Median concentrations of herbicides tend to be highest in streams draining basins in which the major land use is agriculture, whereas median concentrations of insecticides tend to be highest in streams draining extensively urbanized basins. Concentrations of both herbicides and insecticides are usually highest during the spring and summer, although many pesticides are present at low concentrations in surface water throughout the year. Pesticide concentrations vary greatly seasonally and over different hydrologic conditions, with overall variation sometimes exceeding four orders of magnitude. During periods of pesticide application (typically spring and summer), the occurrence of selected pesticides in some streams in the Mid-Atlantic region is related to streamflow. Correlations between concentrations of selected pesticides and streamflow are statistically significant during spring and summer for small (draining less than 55 square miles) streams. Concentrations of selected pesticides in small streams increase during high flows in the growing season, up to 30 times the concentrations present during low-flow conditions in the growing season. In small streams draining urban areas, concentrations of atrazine decrease during high-flow events but concentrations of the insecticides diazinon and chlorpyrifos increase. This may be due to the differences in the pesticides used in agricultural and urban areas and the amounts applied.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services, distributor,","doi":"10.3133/wri974280","usgsCitation":"Ferrari, M., Ator, S.W., Blomquist, J., and Dysart, J.E., 1997, Pesticides in surface water of the Mid-Atlantic region: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4280, 12 p. col. ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974280.","productDescription":"12 p. col. ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1820,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://md.water.usgs.gov/publications/wrir-97-4280/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4280/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54463,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4280/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68816d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferrari, Matthew J.","contributorId":67082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrari","given":"Matthew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ator, Scott W. 0000-0002-9186-4837 swator@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4837","contributorId":781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ator","given":"Scott","email":"swator@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":194718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blomquist, Joel D. jdblomqu@usgs.gov","contributorId":3774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blomquist","given":"Joel D.","email":"jdblomqu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":194719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dysart, Joel E.","contributorId":42256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dysart","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":29413,"text":"wri974122 - 1997 - Characterization of springflow in the north coast limestone of Puerto Rico using physical, chemical, and stable isotopic methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T20:36:05.670846","indexId":"wri974122","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4122","title":"Characterization of springflow in the north coast limestone of Puerto Rico using physical, chemical, and stable isotopic methods","docAbstract":"<p>The carbonate sequence of middle Tertiary age of the north coast of Puerto Rico is characterized by the presence of numerous springs in the coastal areas. In order to advance the understanding of the hydrologic role of the springs in the north coast limestone aquifer system of Puerto Rico, a 4-year study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority. As part of this study, data were collected on the chemical, physical, bacteriological, oxygen-18, and deuterium composition of water from springs in the Dorado to Rincon area, in northwestern Puerto Rico. A group of springs in the Dorado to Arecibo area was selected for more detailed monitoring. Oxygen-18 and deuterium composition was also determined for water wells and monthly rainfall composites at a series of sites in the study area.</p><p>Springs are associated with all the carbonate units of the middle Tertiary sequence of the northern karst belt of Puerto Rico, except the Camuy and San Sebastian Formations. These springs mostly drain the unconfined parts of the upper and lower aquifers in the north coast limestone aquifer system. There are no first and second order springs in the north coast limestone and of those present fifth and sixth order springs are the most numerous type. Springflow at the springs measured during the study ranged from less than 0.1 to 61 cubic feet per second.</p><p>Springs in the north coast limestone can also be classified by their response to rainfall. There is little or no short-term response to rainfall&nbsp;at springs such as Ojo de Agua in Vega Baja, Mameyes in Manati, and Mackovic in Vega Alta. These springs are known as diffuse-type springs. Other springs such as Maguayo in Dorado, Ojo de Guillo in Manati, and San Pedro in Arecibo exhibit a strong short-term response to rainfall and are known as conduit-type springs. Spring water temperature, during the study, ranged from 22.5 to 28 °C and resembled air temperature. Specific conductance ranged from 289 to about 4,000 microsiemens per centimeter, and pH ranged from 6.9 to 7.8.</p><p>Calcium, sodium, bicarbonate, and chloride are the main ionic species in water from the springs sampled during the study. The main water type is calcium-bicarbonate and secondary water types are calcium-bicarbonate chloride and sodium-bicarbonate-chloride. A seasonal and short-term transient relation exists, particularly in conduit-type springs, between springflow, physical properties, and water quality.</p><p>Temporal and spatial variations in the oxygen-18 and deuterium composition of modern precipitation are significantly larger than those of springs and ground water in the study area. Regional flow in the upper aquifer appears to attenuate or average the variations in isotopic composition of rainfall. There is, however, a regional gradient in the deuterium composition of water from the upper aquifer in the north coast limestone, with isotopically heavier water occurring further north.</p><p>It was possible to determine the source of water contributing to springs at some sites with more detailed data collection and analysis. A drainage basin of about 10 square kilometers was&nbsp;delineated for the Ojo de Agua spring in Vega Baja, for a base flow of 2 cubic feet per second and an estimated subregional recharge rate of around 20 inches per year. A delineation of drainage basins for conduit-type springs in the study area such as San Pedro, Ojo de Guillo, Maguayo, and others is very difficult because the boundaries of these systems are highly responsive to changing hydraulic conditions such as rapid and short-term variations in the hydraulic head distribution as a consequence of rainfall. However, a preliminary drainage basin of about 6 square kilometers was delineated for the San Pedro spring for a base flow of 2 cubic feet per second and an estimated subregional annual recharge of 12 inches. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri974122","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority","usgsCitation":"Rodríguez-Martínez, J., 1997, Characterization of springflow in the north coast limestone of Puerto Rico using physical, chemical, and stable isotopic methods: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4122, Report: vi, 53 p.; 1 Plate 29.00 x 23.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974122.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 53 p.; 1 Plate 29.00 x 23.82 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":423584,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48743.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58263,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4122/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365702,"rank":2,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4122/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1 and 15","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119693,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4122/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.3,\n              18.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -66,\n              18.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -66,\n              18.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.3,\n              18.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.3,\n              18.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús","contributorId":48149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodríguez-Martínez","given":"Jesús","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":3003,"text":"wsp2450 - 1997 - Water and salt balance of Great Salt Lake, Utah, and simulation of water and salt movement through the causeway","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":24896,"text":"ofr95428 - 1996 - Water and salt balance of Great Salt Lake, Utah, and simulation of water and salt movement through the causeway","indexId":"ofr95428","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"title":"Water and salt balance of Great Salt Lake, Utah, and simulation of water and salt movement through the causeway"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":3003,"text":"wsp2450 - 1997 - Water and salt balance of Great Salt Lake, Utah, and simulation of water and salt movement through the causeway","indexId":"wsp2450","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Water and salt balance of Great Salt Lake, Utah, and simulation of water and salt movement through the causeway"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-19T18:13:25","indexId":"wsp2450","displayToPublicDate":"1999-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2450","title":"Water and salt balance of Great Salt Lake, Utah, and simulation of water and salt movement through the causeway","docAbstract":"<p>The water and salt balance of Great Salt Lake primarily depends on the amount of inflow from tributary streams and the conveyance properties of a causeway constructed during 1957-59 that divides the lake into the south and north parts. The conveyance properties of the causeway originally included two culverts, each 15 feet wide, and the permeable rock-fill material.</p><p>During 1980-86, the salt balance changed as a result of record high inflow that averaged 4,627,000 acre-feet annually and modifications made to the conveyance properties of the causeway that included opening a 300-foot-wide breach. In this study, a model developed in 1973 by Waddell and Bolke to simulate the water and salt balance of the lake was revised to accommodate the high water-surface altitude and modifications made to the causeway. This study, done by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of State Lands and Forestry, updates the model with monitoring data collected during 1980-86. This report describes the calibration of the model and presents the results of simulations for three hypothetical 10-year periods.</p><p>During January 1, 1980, to July 31, 1984, a net load of 0.5 billion tons of dissolved salt flowed from the south to the north part of the lake primarily as a result of record inflows. From August 1, 1984, when the breach was opened, to December 31,1986, a net load of 0.3 billion tons of dissolved salt flowed from the north to the south part of the lake primarily as a result of the breach.</p><p>For simulated inflow rates during a hypothetical 10-year period resulting in the water-surface altitude decreasing from about 4,200 to 4,192 feet, there was a net movement of about 1.0 billion tons of dissolved salt from the south to the north part, and about 1.7 billion tons of salt precipitated in the north part. For simulated inflow rates during a hypothetical 10-year period resulting in a rise in water-surface altitude from about 4,200 to 4,212 feet, there was a net movement of about 0.2 billion tons of dissolved salt from the south to the north part and no salt was precipitated in the north part of the lake. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/wsp2450","isbn":"0-607-86822-8","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of State Lands and Forestry","usgsCitation":"Wold, S.R., Thomas, B.E., and Waddell, K.M., 1997, Water and salt balance of Great Salt Lake, Utah, and simulation of water and salt movement through the causeway: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2450, vi, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2450.","productDescription":"vi, 64 p.","numberOfPages":"75","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":29797,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2450/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139405,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2450/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4987e4b07f02db5af1b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wold, Steven R.","contributorId":103262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wold","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Blakemore E.","contributorId":93871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Blakemore","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waddell, Kidd M.","contributorId":20720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"Kidd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":29908,"text":"wri974119 - 1997 - Potentiometric surface and specific conductance of the Sparta and Memphis aquifers in eastern Arkansas, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:02","indexId":"wri974119","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4119","title":"Potentiometric surface and specific conductance of the Sparta and Memphis aquifers in eastern Arkansas, 1995","docAbstract":"The Sparta and Memphis aquifers in eastern and south-central Arkansas are a major source of water for industrial, public supply, and agricultural uses. An estimated 240 million gallons per day was withdrawn from the Sparta and Memphis aquifers in 1995, an increase of about 17 million gallons per day from 1990. During the spring and early summer of 1995, the water level in the Sparta and Memphis aquifers was measured in 145 wells, the specific conductance of 101 ground-water samples collected from those aquifers was measured. Maps of areal distribution of potentiometric surface and specific conductance generated from these data reveal spatial trends in these parameters across the eastern and south-central Arkansas study area. The altitude of the potentiometric surface ranged from about 206 feet below sea level in Union County to about 307 feet above sea level in Saline County.\r\nThe potentiometric surface of the Sparta and Memphis aquifers contains cones of depression descending below sea level in the central and southern portions of the study area, and a potentiometric high along the western study area boundary. Major recharge areas exhibit potentiometric highs greater than 200 feet above sea level and specific conductance values less than 200 microsiemens per centimeter, and generally are located in the outcrop/subcrop areas on the southern one-third of the western boundary and the northern portion of the study area. The regional direction of ground-water flow is from the north and west to the south and east, away from the outcrop and subcrop and northern regions, except near areas affected by intense ground-water withdrawals; such areas are manifested by large cones of depression centered in Columbia, Jefferson, and Union Counties. The cones of depression in adjoining Columbia and Union Counties are coalescing at or near sea level. The lowest water level measured was about 206 feet below sea level in Union County. Increased specific conductance values were measured in the areas of the cones of depression in Columbia and Union Counties.\r\nThe cones of depression centered in Jefferson County coincides with an elongate area where ground water in the aquifer has low specific conductance. This area extends eastward from the outcrop/subcrop region of recharge. This extension of ground water with low specific conductance possibly indicates increased ground-water movement to the east-southeast from the outcrop/subcrop area induced by ground- water withdrawals in Jefferson County. Specific conductance increases markedly to the northeast and gradually to the south of this area.\r\nLong-term hydrographs of eight wells in the study areas, during the period 1970-1995, reveal water-level declines ranging from less than 0.5 foot per year in Phillips County to more than 2.0 feet per year in Union County. Water-level declines of greater than 1.5 feet per year generally are associated with the cones of depression centered in Columbia, Jefferson, and Union Counties.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974119","usgsCitation":"Stanton, G.P., 1997, Potentiometric surface and specific conductance of the Sparta and Memphis aquifers in eastern Arkansas, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4119, iv, 16 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974119.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4119/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58725,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4119/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58726,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4119/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58727,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4119/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a4b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanton, Gregory P. 0000-0001-8622-0933 gstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-0933","contributorId":1583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Gregory","email":"gstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":202334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32111,"text":"ofr97678 - 1997 - Sub-crop geologic map of pre-Tertiary rocks in the Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat areas, Nevada Test Site, southern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-22T21:54:13.215318","indexId":"ofr97678","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-678","title":"Sub-crop geologic map of pre-Tertiary rocks in the Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat areas, Nevada Test Site, southern Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>This map displays interpreted structural and stratigraphic relations among the Paleozoic and older rocks of the Nevada Test Site region beneath the Miocene volcanic rocks and younger alluvium in the Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat basins. These interpretations are based on a comprehensive examination and review of data for more than 77 drillholes that penetrated part of the pre-Tertiary basement beneath these post-middle Miocene structural basins. Biostratigraphic data from conodont fossils were newly obtained for 31 of these holes, and a thorough review of all prior microfossil paleontologic data is incorporated in the analysis. Subsurface relationships are interpreted in light of a revised regional geologic framework synthesized from detailed geologic mapping in the ranges surrounding Yucca Flat, from comprehensive stratigraphic studies in the region, and from additional detailed field studies on and around the Nevada Test Site.</p><p>All available data indicate the subsurface geology of Yucca Flat is considerably more complicated than previous interpretations have suggested. The western part of the basin, in particular, is underlain by relics of the eastward-vergent Belted Range thrust system that are folded back toward the west and thrust by local, west-vergent contractional structures of the CP thrust system. Field evidence from the ranges surrounding the north end of Yucca Flat indicate that two significant strike-slip faults track southward beneath the post-middle Miocene basin fill, but their subsurface traces cannot be closely defined from the available evidence. In contrast, the eastern part of the Yucca Flat basin is interpreted to be underlain by a fairly simple north-trending, broad syncline in the pre-Tertiary units. Far fewer data are available for the northern Frenchman Flat basin, but regional analysis indicates the pre- Tertiary structure there should also be relatively simple and not affected by thrusting.</p><p>This new interpretation has implications for ground water flow through pre-Tertiary rocks beneath the Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat areas, and has consequences for ground water modeling and model validation. Our data indicate that the Mississippian Chainman Shale is not a laterally extensive confining unit in the western part of the basin because it is folded back onto itself by the convergent structures of the Belted Range and CP thrust systems. Early and Middle Paleozoic limestone and dolomite are present beneath most of both basins and, regardless of structural complications, are interpreted to form a laterally continuous and extensive carbonate aquifer. Structural culmination that marks the French Peak accommodation zone along the topographic divide between the two basins provides a lateral pathway through highly fractured rock between the volcanic aquifers of Yucca Flat and the regional carbonate aquifer. This pathway may accelerate the migration of ground-water contaminants introduced by underground nuclear testing toward discharge areas beyond the Nevada Test Site boundaries. Predictive three-dimensional models of hydrostratigraphic units&nbsp;and ground-water flow in the pre-Tertiary rocks of subsurface Yucca Flat are likely to be unrealistic due to the extreme structural complexities. The interpretation of hydrologic and geochemical data obtained from monitoring wells will be difficult to extrapolate through the flow system until more is known about the continuity of hydrostratigraphic units.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97678","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nevada Operations Office U.S. Department of Energy (Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967)","usgsCitation":"Cole, J., Harris, A.G., and Wahl, R., 1997, Sub-crop geologic map of pre-Tertiary rocks in the Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat areas, Nevada Test Site, southern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-678, Report: ii, 24 p.; 1 Plate: 32.55 x 41.15 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97678.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 24 p.; 1 Plate: 32.55 x 41.15 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":425886,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18824.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":60238,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0678/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":163317,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0678/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":335274,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0678/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat areas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.25,\n              36.892\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.85,\n              36.892\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.85,\n              37.283\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.25,\n              37.283\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.25,\n              36.892\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cole, J. C.","contributorId":21539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, Anita G.","contributorId":50162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wahl, Ronald R.","contributorId":7332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"Ronald R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28449,"text":"wri974249 - 1997 - Techniques for estimating peak flow on small streams in Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-19T09:51:25","indexId":"wri974249","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4249","title":"Techniques for estimating peak flow on small streams in Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Two statistically-derived techniques, regional regression equation and region of influence regression, that estimate peak flow on small, ungaged streams in Minnesota were developed. Both techniques relate physical and climatic characteristics to peak flow for 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year recurrence intervals.</p>\n<p>Regional regression equations were developed for each recurrence interval in each of six regions in Minnesota. The region of influence regression technique dynamically selects stations with characteristics similar to a site of interest. Thus, the region of influence regression technique allows use of a potentially unique set of stations for estimating peak flow at each site of interest. Two methods of selecting streamflow gaging stations, similarity and proximity, are recommended for use in the region of influence regression technique.</p>\n<p>The regional regression equation technique is recommended as a first estimate of peak flow in regions C, E, and F. The similarity method of the region of influence regression technique should be used as a first estimate in regions A and D. The proximity method should be used as a first estimate in region B.</p>\n<p>Tables showing the peak-flow-frequency data and basin characteristics for streamflow gaging stations, and regional peak-flow prediction equations, are documented.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri974249","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Lorenz, D., Carlson, G., and Sanocki, C., 1997, Techniques for estimating peak flow on small streams in Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4249, Document: ii, 41 p.; Downloadable zip files, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974249.","productDescription":"Document: ii, 41 p.; Downloadable zip files","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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,{"id":26947,"text":"wri974272 - 1997 - Mesocosm experiments to assess factors affecting phosphorus retention and release in an extended Wisconsin wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T15:54:54","indexId":"wri974272","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4272","title":"Mesocosm experiments to assess factors affecting phosphorus retention and release in an extended Wisconsin wetland","docAbstract":"<p>Phosphorus retention by wetland sediments and vegetation was investigated in Jackson Creek wetland, an extension of an existing prairie marsh in southeastern Wisconsin. The extended wetland construction was undertaken in 1992-93 to help reduce the phosphorus loading to a downstream eutrophic lake. Two approaches were used to study potential and actual phosphorus retention in the system. Mesocosm experiments of 20-40 days duration indicated that retention of total and dissolved reactive phosphorus in mesocosm cells containing macrophytes and/or sediments was reduced by factors of 2-20 relative to cells containing only water or a copper algicide to suppress metabolic activity. In contrast to the nutrient trapping function, these results show a potential for net phosphorus release that can be associated with increased biological richness. Measurements of water flow and nutrient loads at the wetland's inflow and outflow points demonstrated 9-39% net uptake of phosphorus on an annual scale but frequent occurrences of net phosphorus release over shorter (one-month) time scales. These episodes of release are most likely during the summer months. Thus, the wetland role in phosphorus cycling is not one of a true source or sink, although the annual budget data alone suggest substantial net retention. Effective management of the wetland for its nutrient trapping potential can be hindered by this oversimplification. The system is instead subject to relatively short-term alternation between net import and export. The periodic phosphorus export, although representing a small fraction of net annual import, could be critical for growth of macrophyte and algal communities downstream.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974272","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Elder, J.F., Manion, B., and Goddard, G.L., 1997, Mesocosm experiments to assess factors affecting phosphorus retention and release in an extended Wisconsin wetland: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4272, vi, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974272.","productDescription":"vi, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4272/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55835,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4272/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Walworth County","otherGeospatial":"Delevan Lake, Jackson Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.57383728027344,\n              42.717759147911806\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76884460449219,\n              42.62385465855651\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.8079833984375,\n              42.583422001323584\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76335144042969,\n              42.55763248666914\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.69606018066406,\n              42.54498667313236\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.6164093017578,\n              42.552574468712514\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.56559753417969,\n              42.56623017635374\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.48663330078125,\n              42.628401690377316\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.45848083496094,\n              42.64204079304428\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.44131469726562,\n              42.66325123326261\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.43376159667969,\n              42.68344492725026\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.41316223144531,\n              42.705145830019895\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.4674072265625,\n              42.72835235396481\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.57383728027344,\n              42.717759147911806\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624f47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elder, J. F.","contributorId":54143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manion, B.J.","contributorId":59844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manion","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goddard, G. L.","contributorId":10442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goddard","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":24274,"text":"ofr97402 - 1997 - Characterization of stormwater runoff from the Naval Air Station and Naval Wepons Industrial Reserve Plant, Dallas, Texas, 1994-96","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T15:41:38","indexId":"ofr97402","displayToPublicDate":"1998-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-402","title":"Characterization of stormwater runoff from the Naval Air Station and Naval Wepons Industrial Reserve Plant, Dallas, Texas, 1994-96","docAbstract":"<p>The characterization of stormwater runoff from the Naval Air Station (NAS) and the Naval Weapons Industrial Reserve Plant (NWIRP), Dallas, Texas, is necessary to determine if runoff from the facilities is contributing to off-site contamination of surface waters, A network of five fixed sites and four grab sites was established to collect stormwater-runoff samples from a substantial part of the drainage area of each facility. Fixed sites were instrumented to measure and store precipitation, stage, discharge, and runoff-volume data and to collect flow-weighted composite samples during a storm. Grab and composite samples were collected for six storms at each of the five fixed sites from October 1994 to March 1996. The grab samples were analyzed for about 100 properties and constituents including specific conductance, pH, water temperature, bacteria, trace elements, oil and grease, total phenols, and volatile organic compounds. The composite samples were analyzed for about 220 properties and constituents including specific conductance, pH, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, major ions, suspended and dissolved solids, nutrients, trace elements, total organic carbon, volatile organic compounds, semivolatile organic compounds, and organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides. Grab samples were collected for two storms (September 18,1995, and October 2,1995) at each of the four grab sites. The grab samples were analyzed for about 80 constituents including specific conductance, pH, water temperature, trace elements, and volatile organic compounds. Composite samples were collected for two of the six storms sampled at the fixed sites and analyzed for aquatic toxicity. Fathead minnow growth and survival toxicity tests and water flea reproduction and survival toxicity tests were done.</p>\n<p>Median event-mean concentrations computed for 12 selected constituents in samples from NAS and NWIRP fixed sites were compared to median event-mean concentrations for residential, commercial, industrial, and highway land uses within the Dallas-Fort Worth area computed from data collected for the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System program. NAS and NWIRP median event-mean concentrations also were compared to those for residential and commercial land uses from the Nationwide Urban Runoff Program.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97402","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Raines, T.H., Baldys, S., and Lizarraga, J., 1997, Characterization of stormwater runoff from the Naval Air Station and Naval Wepons Industrial Reserve Plant, Dallas, Texas, 1994-96: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-402, iv, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97402.","productDescription":"iv, 80 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0402/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53396,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0402/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raines, T. H.","contributorId":88389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldys, Stanley sbaldys@usgs.gov","contributorId":3366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldys","given":"Stanley","email":"sbaldys@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":191614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lizarraga, J.S.","contributorId":17875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lizarraga","given":"J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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