{"pageNumber":"162","pageRowStart":"4025","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10462,"records":[{"id":70048796,"text":"70048796 - 2013 - Evidence that acidification-induced declines in plant diversity and productivity are mediated by changes in below-ground communities and soil properties in a semi-arid steppe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-05T15:42:43","indexId":"70048796","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T15:28:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence that acidification-induced declines in plant diversity and productivity are mediated by changes in below-ground communities and soil properties in a semi-arid steppe","docAbstract":"Anthropogenic acid deposition–induced soil acidification is one of the major threats to biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and services. Few studies, however, have explored in detail how above-ground changes in plant species richness and productivity resulting from soil acidification are mediated by effects on below-ground biota and soil properties.\nTo increase our understanding of this linkage, we collected data on below- and above-ground communities and soil properties in a 3-year field experiment with seven levels of acid addition rate to build-up broad intensities of soil acidification in the semi-arid Inner Mongolian grassland.\nAcid addition directly elevated concentrations of soil Al<sup>3+</sup> ions, decreased the base cations Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup> and Na<sup>+</sup>, and increased soil moisture and available phosphorus. Acid addition also appears to have altered the soil microbial community via changes in H<sup>+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup> ions and altered the nematode community via changes in H<sup>+</sup> ions and soil moisture.\nThe observed changes in soil N availability (i.e. net N mineralization, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N) could be explained by mediating changes in the H<sup>+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup> ions, microbial community (i.e. community structure, bacteria and fungi/bacteria as indicated by phospholipid fatty acids analysis) and the nematode community (i.e. total abundance, taxa richness and maturity index).\nDeclines in plant species richness and productivity were greater at high intensities of soil acidification in the second sampling year than in the first sampling year. The changes in plant community observed were mostly explained by soil nutrient pathways (e.g. N availability or base mineral cations), which were in turn regulated by the soil microbial or nematode communities as well as by the direct effects of the increase in H<sup>+</sup> or Al<sup>3+</sup> ions.\nSynthesis. Our results suggest that the below-ground microbial and nematode communities are more sensitive to soil acidification than the plant communities are, and further that soil acidification–induced changes in plants are mediated by changes in below-ground communities and soil nutrients. These findings improve our understanding of the links between below- and above-ground communities in the Inner Mongolia grassland, especially in the context of anthropogenic acid enrichment.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1365-2745.12119","usgsCitation":"Chen, D., Lan, Z., Bai, X., Grace, J.B., and Bai, Y., 2013, Evidence that acidification-induced declines in plant diversity and productivity are mediated by changes in below-ground communities and soil properties in a semi-arid steppe: Journal of Ecology, v. 101, no. 5, p. 1322-1334, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12119.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1322","endPage":"1334","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-044234","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278860,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278855,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12119"}],"country":"China","state":"Inner Mongolia","otherGeospatial":"Xilin River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 116.638295,43.599584 ], [ 116.638295,43.623447 ], [ 116.671861,43.623447 ], [ 116.671861,43.599584 ], [ 116.638295,43.599584 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"101","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527a2182e4b051792d019515","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, Dima","contributorId":72291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Dima","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lan, Zhichun","contributorId":97809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lan","given":"Zhichun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bai, Xue","contributorId":77451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bai","given":"Xue","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bai, Yongfei","contributorId":13128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bai","given":"Yongfei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70004594,"text":"70004594 - 2013 - Traces in the dark: sedimentary processes and facies gradients in the upper shale member of the Upper Devonian-Lower Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, North Dakota, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T14:38:22","indexId":"70004594","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T14:25:55","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Traces in the dark: sedimentary processes and facies gradients in the upper shale member of the Upper Devonian-Lower Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, North Dakota, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p>Black, organic-rich rocks of the upper shale member of the Upper Devonian–Lower Mississippian Bakken Formation, a world-class petroleum source rock in the Williston Basin of the United States and Canada, contain a diverse suite of mudstone lithofacies that were deposited in distinct facies belts. The succession consists of three discrete facies associations (FAs). These comprise: 1) siliceous mudstones; 2) quartz- and carbonate-bearing, laminated mudstones; and 3) macrofossil-debris-bearing massive mudstones. These FAs were deposited in three facies belts that reflect proximal to distal relationships in this mudstone system. The macrofossil-debris-bearing massive mudstones (FA 3) occur in the proximal facies belt and contain erosion surfaces, some with overlying conodont and phosphate–lithoclast lag deposits, mudstones with abundant millimeter-scale siltstone laminae showing irregular lateral thickness changes, and shell debris. In the medial facies belt, quartz- and carbonate-bearing, laminated mudstones dominate, exhibiting sub-millimeter-thick siltstone layers with variable lateral thicknesses and localized mudstone ripples. In the distal siliceous mudstone facies belt, radiolarites, radiolarian-bearing mudstones, and quartz- and carbonate-bearing, laminated mudstones dominate. Overall, total organic carbon (TOC) contents range between about 3 and 10 wt %, with a general proximal to distal decrease in TOC content. Abundant evidence of bioturbation exists in all FAs, and the lithological and TOC variations are paralleled by changes in burrowing style and trace-fossil abundance. While two horizontal traces and two types of fecal strings are recognized in the proximal facies belt, only a single horizontal trace fossil and one type of fecal string characterize mudstones in the distal facies belt. Radiolarites intercalated into the most distal mudstones are devoid of traces and fecal strings.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Bedload transport processes, likely caused by storm-induced turbidity currents, were active across all facies belts. Suspended sediment settling from near the ocean surface, however, most likely played a role in the deposition of some of the mudstones, and was probably responsible for deposition of the radiolarites. The distribution pattern of high-TOC sediments in proximal and lower-TOC deposits in some distal facies is interpreted as a function of higher accumulation rates during radiolarian depositional events leading to a decrease in suspension-derived organic carbon in radiolarite laminae. The presence of burrows in all FAs and nearly all facies in the upper Bakken shale member indicates that dysoxic conditions prevailed during its deposition. This study shows that in intracratonic high-TOC mudstone successions such as the upper Bakken shale member bed-load processes most likely dominated sedimentation, and conditions promoted a thriving infaunal benthic community. As such, deposition of the upper Bakken shale member through dynamic processes in an overall dysoxic environment represents an alternative to conventional anoxic depositional models for world-class source rocks.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.2110/jsr.2013.60","usgsCitation":"Egenhoff, S.O., and Fishman, N.S., 2013, Traces in the dark: sedimentary processes and facies gradients in the upper shale member of the Upper Devonian-Lower Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, North Dakota, U.S.A.: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 83, no. 9, p. 803-824, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2013.60.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"803","endPage":"824","numberOfPages":"22","ipdsId":"IP-027293","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281043,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281040,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2013.60"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Williston Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.41,44.29 ], [ -110.41,50.43 ], [ -95.82,50.43 ], [ -95.82,44.29 ], [ -110.41,44.29 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"83","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7976e4b0b2908510cd4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Egenhoff, Sven O.","contributorId":101171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Egenhoff","given":"Sven","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fishman, Neil S.","contributorId":106464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70057613,"text":"70057613 - 2013 - Custom microarray construction and analysis for determining potential biomarkers of subchronic androgen exposure in the Eastern Mosquitofish (<i>Gambusia holbrooki</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-29T10:27:55","indexId":"70057613","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T13:37:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":956,"text":"BMC Genomics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Custom microarray construction and analysis for determining potential biomarkers of subchronic androgen exposure in the Eastern Mosquitofish (<i>Gambusia holbrooki</i>)","docAbstract":"<h4>Background</h4>\n<p>The eastern mosquitofish (<i>Gambusia holbrooki</i>) has the potential to become a bioindicator organism of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) due to its androgen-driven secondary sexual characteristics. However, the lack of molecular information on&nbsp;<i>G</i>.&nbsp;<i>holbrooki</i>&nbsp;hinders its use as a bioindicator coupled with biomarker data. While traditional gene-by-gene approaches provide insight for biomarker development, a holistic analysis would provide more rapid and expansive determination of potential biomarkers. The objective of this study was to develop and utilize a mosquitofish microarray to determine potential biomarkers of subchronic androgen exposure. To achieve this objective, two specific aims were developed: 1) Sequence a&nbsp;<i>G</i>.&nbsp;<i>holbrooki</i>&nbsp;cDNA library, and 2) Use microarray analysis to determine genes that are differentially regulated by subchronic androgen exposure in hepatic tissues of 17&beta;-trenbolone (TB) exposed adult female&nbsp;<i>G</i>.&nbsp;<i>holbrooki</i>.</p>\n<h4>Results</h4>\n<p>A normalized library of multiple organs of male and female&nbsp;<i>G</i>.&nbsp;<i>holbrooki</i>&nbsp;was prepared and sequenced by the Illumina GA IIx and Roche 454 XLR70. Over 30,000 genes with e-value&thinsp;&le;&thinsp;10<sup>-4</sup>were annotated and 14,758 of these genes were selected for inclusion on the microarray. Hepatic microarray analysis of adult female&nbsp;<i>G</i>.&nbsp;<i>holbrooki</i>&nbsp;exposed to the vehicle control or 1&nbsp;&mu;g/L of TB (a potent anabolic androgen) revealed 229 genes upregulated and 279 downregulated by TB (one-way ANOVA, p&thinsp;&lt;&thinsp;0.05, FDR &alpha;&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.05, fold change&thinsp;&gt;&thinsp;1.5 and&thinsp;&lt;&thinsp;&minus;1.5). Fifteen gene ontology biological processes were enriched by TB exposure (Fisher&rsquo;s Exact Test, p&thinsp;&lt;&thinsp;0.05). The expression levels of<i>17&beta;</i>-<i>hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>zona pellucida glycoprotein 2</i>&nbsp;were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) (Student&rsquo;s t-test, p&thinsp;&lt;&thinsp;0.05).</p>\n<h4>Conclusions</h4>\n<p>Coupling microarray data with phenotypic changes driven by androgen exposure in mosquitofish is key for developing this organism into a bioindicator for EDCs. Future studies using this array will enhance knowledge of the biology and toxicological response of this species. This work provides a foundation of molecular knowledge and tools that can be used to delve further into understanding the biology of&nbsp;<i>G</i>.&nbsp;<i>holbrooki</i>&nbsp;and how this organism can be used as a bioindicator organism for endocrine disrupting pollutants in the environment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/1471-2164-14-660","usgsCitation":"Brockmeier, E.K., Yu, F., Amador, D.M., Bargar, T.A., and Denslow, N., 2013, Custom microarray construction and analysis for determining potential biomarkers of subchronic androgen exposure in the Eastern Mosquitofish (<i>Gambusia holbrooki</i>): BMC Genomics, v. 14, no. 660, art660: 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-660.","productDescription":"art660: 11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046312","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-660","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":279841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279840,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-660"}],"volume":"14","issue":"660","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295d10ae4b0becc369c8b12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brockmeier, Erica K.","contributorId":26619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brockmeier","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yu, Fahong","contributorId":107180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"Fahong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amador, David Moraga","contributorId":18262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amador","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Moraga","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bargar, Timothy A. 0000-0001-8588-3436 tbargar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8588-3436","contributorId":2450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bargar","given":"Timothy","email":"tbargar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Denslow, Nancy D.","contributorId":72831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denslow","given":"Nancy D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70143959,"text":"70143959 - 2013 - Wetlands serve as natural sources for improvement of stream ecosystem health in regions affected by acid deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-24T09:15:39","indexId":"70143959","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetlands serve as natural sources for improvement of stream ecosystem health in regions affected by acid deposition","docAbstract":"<p>For over 40 years, acid deposition has been recognized as a serious international environmental problem, but efforts to restore acidified streams and biota have had limited success. The need to better understand the effects of different sources of acidity on streams has become more pressing with the recent increases in surface water organic acids, or 'brownification' associated with climate change and decreased inorganic acid deposition. Here, we carried out a large scale multi-seasonal investigation in the Adirondacks, one of the most acid-impacted regions in the United States, to assess how acid stream producers respond to local and watershed influences and whether these influences can be used in acidification remediation. We explored the pathways of wetland control on aluminum chemistry and diatom taxonomic and functional composition. We demonstrate that streams with larger watershed wetlands have higher organic content, lower concentrations of acidic anions, and lower ratios of inorganic to organic monomeric aluminum, all beneficial for diatom biodiversity and guilds producing high biomass. Although brownification has been viewed as a form of pollution, our results indicate that it may be a stimulating force for biofilm producers with potentially positive consequences for higher trophic levels. Our research also reveals that the mechanism of watershed control of local stream diatom biodiversity through wetland export of organic matter is universal in running waters, operating not only in hard streams, as previously reported, but also in acid streams. Our findings that the negative impacts of acid deposition on Adirondack stream chemistry and biota can be mitigated by wetlands have important implications for biodiversity conservation and stream ecosystem management. Future acidification research should focus on the potential for wetlands to improve stream ecosystem health in acid-impacted regions and their direct use in stream restoration, for example, through stream rechanneling or wetland construction in appropriate hydrologic settings.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12265","collaboration":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; USGS","usgsCitation":"Pound, K., Lawrence, G.B., and Passy, S.I., 2013, Wetlands serve as natural sources for improvement of stream ecosystem health in regions affected by acid deposition: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 9, p. 2720-2728, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12265.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2720","endPage":"2728","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062334","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298887,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55128abce4b02e76d75bd62d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pound, Katrina L","contributorId":139826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pound","given":"Katrina L","affiliations":[{"id":13288,"text":"Graduate student, Dept of Biology, Univ of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Passy, Sophia I.","contributorId":49067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passy","given":"Sophia","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70112447,"text":"70112447 - 2013 - The genetic basis of speciation in the Giliopsis lineage of Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-16T09:54:13","indexId":"70112447","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:47:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1890,"text":"Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The genetic basis of speciation in the Giliopsis lineage of Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae)","docAbstract":"One of the most powerful drivers of speciation in plants is pollinator-mediated disruptive selection, which leads to the divergence of floral traits adapted to the morphology and behavior of different pollinators. Despite the widespread importance of this speciation mechanism, its genetic basis has been explored in only a few groups. Here, we characterize the genetic basis of pollinator-mediated divergence of two species in genus <i>Ipomopsis</i>, <i>I. guttata</i> and <i>I. tenuifolia</i>, using quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses of floral traits and other variable phenotypes. We detected one to six QTLs per trait, with each QTL generally explaining small to modest amounts of the phenotypic variance of a backcross hybrid population. In contrast, flowering time and anthocyanin abundance (a metric of color variation) were controlled by a few QTLs of relatively large effect. QTLs were strongly clustered within linkage groups, with 26 of 37 QTLs localized to six marker-interval ‘hotspots,’ all of which harbored pleiotropic QTLs. In contrast to other studies that have examined the genetic basis of pollinator shifts, our results indicate that, in general, mutations of small to modest effect on phenotype were involved. Thus, the evolutionary transition between the distinct pollination modes of <i>I. guttata</i> and <i>I. tenuifolia</i> likely proceeded incrementally, rather than saltationally.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Heredity","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/hdy.2013.41","usgsCitation":"Nakazato, T., Rieseberg, L.H., and Wood, T.E., 2013, The genetic basis of speciation in the Giliopsis lineage of Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae): Heredity, v. 111, p. 227-237, https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2013.41.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"237","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-041128","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2013.41","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288598,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2013.41"}],"volume":"111","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7869e4b0abf75cf2d447","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakazato, Takuya","contributorId":40519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakazato","given":"Takuya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rieseberg, Loren H.","contributorId":26227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieseberg","given":"Loren","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Troy E. 0000-0002-1533-5714 twood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1533-5714","contributorId":4023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Troy","email":"twood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70102889,"text":"70102889 - 2013 - The effect of coal bed dewatering and partial oxidation on biogenic methane potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-25T10:08:27","indexId":"70102889","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:46:29","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of coal bed dewatering and partial oxidation on biogenic methane potential","docAbstract":"Coal formation dewatering at a site in the Powder River Basin was associated with enhanced potential for secondary biogenic methane determined by using a bioassay. We hypothesized that dewatering can stimulate microbial activity and increase the bioavailability of coal. We analyzed one dewatered and two water-saturated coals to examine possible ways in which dewatering influences coal bed natural gas biogenesis by looking at differences with respect to the native coal microbial community, coal-methane organic intermediates, and residual coal oxidation potential. Microbial biomass did not increase in response to dewatering. Small Subunit rRNA sequences retrieved from all coals sampled represented members from genera known to be aerobic, anaerobic and facultatively anaerobic. A Bray Curtis similarity analysis indicated that the microbial communities in water-saturated coals were more similar to each other than to the dewatered coal, suggesting an effect of dewatering. There was a higher incidence of long chain and volatile fatty acid intermediates in incubations of the dewatered coal compared to the water-saturated coals, and this could either be due to differences in microbial enzymatic activities or to chemical oxidation of the coal associated with O<sub>2</sub> exposure. Dilute H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatment of two fractions of structural coal (kerogen and bitumen + kerogen) was used as a proxy for chemical oxidation by O<sub>2</sub>. The dewatered coal had a low residual oxidation potential compared to the water-saturated coals. Oxidation with 5% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> did increase the bioavailability of structural coal, and the increase in residual oxidation potential in the water saturated coals was approximately equivalent to the higher methanogenic potential measured in the dewatered coal. Evidence from this study supports the idea that coal bed dewatering could stimulate biogenic methanogenesis through partial oxidation of the structural organics in coal once anaerobic conditions are restored.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2013.03.011","usgsCitation":"Jones, E., Harris, S.H., Barnhart, E.P., Orem, W.H., Clark, A.C., Corum, M., Kirshtein, J.D., Varonka, M.S., and Voytek, M.A., 2013, The effect of coal bed dewatering and partial oxidation on biogenic methane potential: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 115, p. 54-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.03.011.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-044837","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286616,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286608,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.03.011"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.92,42.46 ], [ -108.92,46.92 ], [ -104.0,46.92 ], [ -104.0,42.46 ], [ -108.92,42.46 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"115","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535b68f7e4b0519b31c21f8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Elizabeth","contributorId":102998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, Steve H. Jr.","contributorId":54889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Steve","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnhart, Elliott P. 0000-0002-8788-8393 epbarnhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-8393","contributorId":5385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Elliott","email":"epbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clark, Arthur C. aclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Arthur","email":"aclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":493070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Corum, M.D. 0000-0002-9038-3935 mcorum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9038-3935","contributorId":2249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corum","given":"M.D.","email":"mcorum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kirshtein, Julie D.","contributorId":26033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirshtein","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Varonka, Matthew S. 0000-0003-3620-5262 mvaronka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-5262","contributorId":4726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varonka","given":"Matthew","email":"mvaronka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70104148,"text":"70104148 - 2013 - Environmental fate of fungicides and other current-use pesticides in a central California estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-12T09:46:19","indexId":"70104148","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental fate of fungicides and other current-use pesticides in a central California estuary","docAbstract":"The current study documents the fate of current-use pesticides in an agriculturally-dominated central California coastal estuary by focusing on the occurrence in water, sediment and tissue of resident aquatic organisms. Three fungicides (azoxystrobin, boscalid, and pyraclostrobin), one herbicide (propyzamide) and two organophosphate insecticides (chlorpyrifos and diazinon) were detected frequently. Dissolved pesticide concentrations in the estuary corresponded to the timing of application while bed sediment pesticide concentrations correlated with the distance from potential sources. Fungicides and insecticides were detected frequently in fish and invertebrates collected near the mouth of the estuary and the contaminant profiles differed from the sediment and water collected. This is the first study to document the occurrence of many current-use pesticides, including fungicides, in tissue. Limited information is available on the uptake, accumulation and effects of current-use pesticides on non-target organisms. Additional data are needed to understand the impacts of pesticides, especially in small agriculturally-dominated estuaries.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.05.028","usgsCitation":"Smalling, K., Kuivila, K., Orlando, J., Phillips, B.M., Anderson, B.S., Siegler, K., Hunt, J.W., and Hamilton, M., 2013, Environmental fate of fungicides and other current-use pesticides in a central California estuary: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 73, no. 1, p. 144-153, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.05.028.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"144","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-043831","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287046,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287045,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.05.028"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.7961,34.4986 ], [ -120.7961,35.0952 ], [ -119.3953,35.0952 ], [ -119.3953,34.4986 ], [ -120.7961,34.4986 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"73","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5371ed70e4b0844954788413","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L.","contributorId":16105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn  0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":1367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn ","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":95954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, Bryn M.","contributorId":77053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Bryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Brian S.","contributorId":42882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Siegler, Katie","contributorId":54893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegler","given":"Katie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hunt, John W.","contributorId":50445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hamilton, Mary","contributorId":86696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Mary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70155224,"text":"70155224 - 2013 - Female elk contacts are neither frequency nor density dependent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-05T09:52:37","indexId":"70155224","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Female elk contacts are neither frequency nor density dependent","docAbstract":"<p><span>Identifying drivers of contact rates among individuals is critical to understanding disease dynamics and implementing targeted control measures. We studied the interaction patterns of 149 female elk (</span><i>Cervus canadensis</i><span>) distributed across five different regions of western Wyoming over three years, defining a contact as an approach within one body length (&sim;2 m). Using hierarchical models that account for correlations within individuals, pairs, and groups, we found that pairwise contact rates within a group declined by a factor of three as group sizes increased 33-fold. Per capita contact rates, however, increased with group size according to a power function, such that female elk contact rates fell in between the predictions of density- or frequency-dependent disease models. We found similar patterns for the duration of contacts. Our results suggest that larger elk groups are likely to play a disproportionate role in the disease dynamics of directly transmitted infections in elk. Supplemental feeding of elk had a limited impact on pairwise interaction rates and durations, but per capita rates were more than two times higher on feeding grounds. Our statistical approach decomposes the variation in contact rate into individual, dyadic, and environmental effects, and provides insight into factors that may be targeted by disease control programs. In particular, female elk contact patterns were driven more by environmental factors such as group size than by either individual or dyad effects.</span><br /><br /></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/12-2086.1","usgsCitation":"Cross, P.C., Creech, T., Ebinger, M.R., Manlove, K.R., Irvine, K.M., Henningsen, J., Rogerson, J., Scurlock, B.M., and Creely, S., 2013, Female elk contacts are neither frequency nor density dependent: Ecology, v. 94, no. 9, p. 2076-2086, https://doi.org/10.1890/12-2086.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2076","endPage":"2086","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042556","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/12-2086.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306421,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              42.407234661551875\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              44.06390660801779\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.753662109375,\n              44.06390660801779\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.753662109375,\n              42.407234661551875\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              42.407234661551875\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"94","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c333ade4b033ef52106a93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Creech, Tyler G.","contributorId":89422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creech","given":"Tyler G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ebinger, Michael R. mebinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebinger","given":"Michael","email":"mebinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manlove, Kezia R.","contributorId":74651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manlove","given":"Kezia","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Irvine, Kathryn M. 0000-0002-6426-940X kirvine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-940X","contributorId":2218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kathryn","email":"kirvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Henningsen, John C.","contributorId":8358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henningsen","given":"John C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rogerson, Jared D.","contributorId":106401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogerson","given":"Jared D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Scurlock, Brandon M.","contributorId":93788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6917,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Laramie, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Creely, Scott","contributorId":16044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creely","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70189243,"text":"70189243 - 2013 - U–Pb, Rb–Sr, and U-series isotope geochemistry of rocks and fracture minerals from the Chalk River Laboratories site, Grenville Province, Ontario, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T12:33:05","indexId":"70189243","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U–Pb, Rb–Sr, and U-series isotope geochemistry of rocks and fracture minerals from the Chalk River Laboratories site, Grenville Province, Ontario, Canada","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0005\">As part of the Geologic Waste Management Facility feasibility study, Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. (AECL) is evaluating the suitability of the Chalk River Laboratories (CRL) site in Ontario, situated in crystalline rock of the southwestern Grenville Province, for the possible development of an underground repository for low- and intermediate-level nuclear waste. This paper presents petrographic and trace element analyses, U–Pb zircon dating results, and Rb–Sr, U–Pb and U-series isotopic analyses of gneissic drill core samples from the deep CRG-series characterization boreholes at the CRL site. The main rock types intersected in the boreholes include hornblende–biotite (±pyroxene) gneisses of granitic to granodioritic composition, leucocratic granitic gneisses with sparse mafic minerals, and garnet-bearing gneisses with variable amounts of biotite and/or hornblende. The trace element data for whole-rock samples plot in the fields of within-plate, syn-collision, and volcanic arc-type granites in discrimination diagrams used for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks.</p><p id=\"sp0010\">Zircons separated from biotite gneiss and metagranite samples yielded SHRIMP-RG U–Pb ages of 1472&nbsp;±&nbsp;14 (2<i>σ</i>) and 1045&nbsp;±&nbsp;6&nbsp;Ma, respectively, in very good agreement with widespread Early Mesoproterozoic plutonic ages and Ottawan orogeny ages in the Central Gneiss Belt. The Rb–Sr, U–Pb, and Pb–Pb whole-rock errorchron apparent ages of most of the CRL gneiss samples are consistent with zircon U–Pb age and do not indicate substantial large-scale preferential element mobility during superimposed metamorphic and water/rock interaction processes. This may confirm the integrity of the rock mass, which is a positive attribute for a potential nuclear waste repository. Most<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>234</sup>U/<sup>238</sup>U activity ratios (AR) in whole rock samples are within errors of the secular equilibrium value of one, indicating that the rocks have not experienced any appreciable U loss or gain within the past 1&nbsp;Ma. However,<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>234</sup>U/<sup>238</sup>U AR in fracture mineral samples collected down to borehole lengths of about 740&nbsp;m deviate from the secular equilibrium value and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>234</sup>U/<sup>238</sup>U model ages calculated for fracture mineral samples showing excess<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>234</sup>U range from 593 to 1415&nbsp;ka, thus providing evidence of fracture flow in the associated bedrock during the past 1.5&nbsp;Ma. Rare earth element patterns are variable in fracture-filling calcites and Fe oxides/hydroxides but are similar to those observed in associated whole-rock samples. The observed Ce anomalies are very small (<span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math class=&quot;math&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><msub is=&quot;true&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>Ce</mtext></mrow><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>N</mtext></mrow></msub><mo is=&quot;true&quot;>/</mo><msubsup is=&quot;true&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>Ce</mtext></mrow><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>N</mtext></mrow><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mo is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x2217;</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x2248;</mo><mn is=&quot;true&quot;>1</mn></mrow></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">CeN/CeN∗≈1</span></span>), do not vary with depth, and, therefore, do not contain evidence that the studied fracture minerals precipitated from oxidizing waters at the conceptual depth of a repository.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.06.004","usgsCitation":"Neymark, L., Peterman, Z., Moscati, R.J., and Thivierge, R.H., 2013, U–Pb, Rb–Sr, and U-series isotope geochemistry of rocks and fracture minerals from the Chalk River Laboratories site, Grenville Province, Ontario, Canada: Applied Geochemistry, v. 36, p. 10-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.06.004.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-038522","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343404,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Ontario","otherGeospatial":"Grenville Province","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.45223999023436,\n              46.02700510334968\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.35816955566406,\n              46.02700510334968\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.35816955566406,\n              46.087043114904986\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.45223999023436,\n              46.087043114904986\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.45223999023436,\n              46.02700510334968\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c43e4b0d1f9f057e366","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neymark, Leonid A. 0000-0003-4190-0278 lneymark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-0278","contributorId":140338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"Leonid A.","email":"lneymark@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterman, Zell E. 0000-0002-5694-8082 peterman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5694-8082","contributorId":620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Zell E.","email":"peterman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":703698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moscati, Richard J. 0000-0002-0818-4401 rmoscati@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0818-4401","contributorId":2462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moscati","given":"Richard","email":"rmoscati@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thivierge, R. H.","contributorId":194312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thivierge","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70047520,"text":"70047520 - 2013 - Chromosome rearrangements, recombination suppression, and limited segregation distortion in hybrids between Yellowstone cutthroat trout (<i>Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri</i>) and rainbow trout (<i>O. mykiss</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T09:03:12","indexId":"70047520","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-22T11:28:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":956,"text":"BMC Genomics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chromosome rearrangements, recombination suppression, and limited segregation distortion in hybrids between Yellowstone cutthroat trout (<i>Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri</i>) and rainbow trout (<i>O. mykiss</i>)","docAbstract":"<div id=\"ASec1\" class=\"AbstractSection\">\n<h3 class=\"Heading\">Background</h3>\n<p class=\"Para\">Introgressive hybridization is an important evolutionary process that can lead to the creation of novel genome structures and thus potentially new genetic variation for selection to act upon. On the other hand, hybridization with introduced species can threaten native species, such as cutthroat trout (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Oncorhynchus clarkii</i>) following the introduction of rainbow trout (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">O. mykiss</i>). Neither the evolutionary consequences nor conservation implications of rainbow trout introgression in cutthroat trout is well understood. Therefore, we generated a genetic linkage map for rainbow-Yellowstone cutthroat trout (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">O. clarkii bouvieri</i>) hybrids to evaluate genome processes that may help explain how introgression affects hybrid genome evolution.</p>\n</div>\n<div id=\"ASec2\" class=\"AbstractSection\">\n<h3 class=\"Heading\">Results</h3>\n<p class=\"Para\">The hybrid map closely aligned with the rainbow trout map (a cutthroat trout map does not exist), sharing all but one linkage group. This linkage group (RYHyb20) represented a fusion between an acrocentric (Omy28) and a metacentric chromosome (Omy20) in rainbow trout. Additional mapping in Yellowstone cutthroat trout indicated the two rainbow trout homologues were fused in the Yellowstone genome. Variation in the number of hybrid linkage groups (28 or 29) likely depended on a Robertsonian rearrangement polymorphism within the rainbow trout stock. Comparison between the female-merged F<span>1</span>&nbsp;map and a female consensus rainbow trout map revealed that introgression suppressed recombination across large genomic regions in 5 hybrid linkage groups. Two of these linkage groups (RYHyb20 and RYHyb25_29) contained confirmed chromosome rearrangements between rainbow and Yellowstone cutthroat trout indicating that rearrangements may suppress recombination. The frequency of allelic and genotypic segregation distortion varied among parents and families, suggesting few incompatibilities exist between rainbow and Yellowstone cutthroat trout genomes.</p>\n</div>\n<div id=\"ASec3\" class=\"AbstractSection\">\n<h3 class=\"Heading\">Conclusions</h3>\n<p class=\"Para\">Chromosome rearrangements suppressed recombination in the hybrids. This result supports several previous findings demonstrating that recombination suppression restricts gene flow between chromosomes that differ by arrangement. Conservation of synteny and map order between the hybrid and rainbow trout maps and minimal segregation distortion in the hybrids suggest rainbow and Yellowstone cutthroat trout genomes freely introgress across chromosomes with similar arrangement. Taken together, these results suggest that rearrangements impede introgression. Recombination suppression across rearrangements could enable large portions of non-recombined chromosomes to persist within admixed populations.</p>\n</div>","language":"English","publisher":"BMC Genomics","doi":"10.1186/1471-2164-14-570","usgsCitation":"Ostberg, C.O., Hauser, L., Pritchard, V.L., Garza, J., and Naish, K., 2013, Chromosome rearrangements, recombination suppression, and limited segregation distortion in hybrids between Yellowstone cutthroat trout (<i>Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri</i>) and rainbow trout (<i>O. mykiss</i>): BMC Genomics, v. 14, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-570.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044308","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473592,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-570","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":277375,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"522af95fe4b08fd0132e796e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostberg, Carl O. 0000-0003-1479-8458 costberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1479-8458","contributorId":3031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostberg","given":"Carl","email":"costberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hauser, Lorenz","contributorId":62510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauser","given":"Lorenz","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pritchard, Victoria L.","contributorId":6750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pritchard","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garza, John C.","contributorId":97806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garza","given":"John C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Naish, Kerry A.","contributorId":20243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naish","given":"Kerry A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70047719,"text":"ofr20131133 - 2013 - Salton Sea ecosystem monitoring and assessment plan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-20T13:02:40","indexId":"ofr20131133","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-20T12:55:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1133","title":"Salton Sea ecosystem monitoring and assessment plan","docAbstract":"The Salton Sea, California’s largest lake, provides essential habitat for several fish and wildlife species and is an important cultural and recreational resource. It has no outlet, and dissolved salts contained in the inflows concentrate in the Salton Sea through evaporation. The salinity of the Salton Sea, which is currently nearly one and a half times the salinity of ocean water, has been increasing as a result of evaporative processes and low freshwater inputs. Further reductions in inflows from water conservation, recycling, and transfers will lower the level of the Salton Sea and accelerate the rate of salinity increases, reduce the suitability of fish and wildlife habitat, and affect air quality by exposing lakebed playa that could generate dust.\n\nLegislation enacted in 2003 to implement the Quantification Settlement Agreement (QSA) stated the Legislature’s intent for the State of California to undertake the restoration of the Salton Sea ecosystem. As required by the legislation, the California Resources Agency (now California Natural Resources Agency) produced the Salton Sea Ecosystem Restoration Study and final Programmatic Environmental Impact Report (PEIR; California Resources Agency, 2007) with the stated purpose to “develop a preferred alternative by exploring alternative ways to restore important ecological functions of the Salton Sea that have existed for about 100 years.” A decision regarding a preferred alternative currently resides with the California State Legislature (Legislature), which has yet to take action.\n\nAs part of efforts to identify an ecosystem restoration program for the Salton Sea, and in anticipation of direction from the Legislature, the California Department of Water Resources (DWR), California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established a team to develop a monitoring and assessment plan (MAP). This plan is the product of that effort.\n\nThe goal of the MAP is to provide a guide for data collection, analysis, management, and reporting to inform management actions for the Salton Sea ecosystem. Monitoring activities are directed at species and habitats that could be affected by or drive future restoration activities. The MAP is not intended to be a prescriptive document. Rather, it is envisioned to be a flexible, program-level guide that articulates high-level goals and objectives, and establishes broad sideboards within which future project-level investigations and studies will be evaluated and authorized. As such, the MAP, by design, does not, for example, include detailed protocols describing how investigations will be implemented. It is anticipated that detailed study proposals will be prepared as part of an implementation plan that will include such things as specific sampling objectives, sampling schemes, and statistical and spatial limits.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131133","collaboration":"Prepared for the California Department of Water Resources, Salton Sea Ecosystem Restoration Program Kent Nelson, Program Manager","usgsCitation":"Case(compiler), H., Boles, J., Delgado, A., Nguyen, T., Osugi, D., Barnum, D.A., Decker, D., Steinberg, S., Steinberg, S., Keene, C., White, K., Lupo, T., Gen, S., and Baerenklau, K.A., 2013, Salton Sea ecosystem monitoring and assessment plan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1133, iv, 220 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131133.","productDescription":"iv, 220 p.","numberOfPages":"241","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":550,"text":"Salton Sea Science Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131133.jpg"},{"id":276808,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1133/"},{"id":276809,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1133/pdf/ofr20131133.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.28,32.95 ], [ -116.28,33.67 ], [ -115.31,33.67 ], [ -115.31,32.95 ], [ -116.28,32.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521481e1e4b06d85e08fb4c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Case(compiler), H. L. III","contributorId":69461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Case(compiler)","given":"H. L.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boles, Jerry","contributorId":102374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boles","given":"Jerry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delgado, Arturo","contributorId":101176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delgado","given":"Arturo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nguyen, Thang","contributorId":45997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nguyen","given":"Thang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osugi, Doug","contributorId":66163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osugi","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnum, Douglas A. doug_barnum@usgs.gov","contributorId":3566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnum","given":"Douglas","email":"doug_barnum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":550,"text":"Salton Sea Science Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Decker, Drew ddecker@usgs.gov","contributorId":5513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"Drew","email":"ddecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Steinberg, Steven","contributorId":71872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinberg","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Steinberg, Sheila","contributorId":36449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinberg","given":"Sheila","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Keene, Charles","contributorId":70279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keene","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"White, Kristina","contributorId":11933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Kristina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lupo, Tom","contributorId":59338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lupo","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Gen, Sheldon","contributorId":46406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gen","given":"Sheldon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Baerenklau, Ken A.","contributorId":108020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baerenklau","given":"Ken","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70047606,"text":"70047606 - 2013 - Infrequent triggering of tremor along the San Jacinto Fault near Anza, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T16:26:30","indexId":"70047606","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-14T13:51:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infrequent triggering of tremor along the San Jacinto Fault near Anza, California","docAbstract":"We examine the conditions necessary to trigger tremor along the San Jacinto fault (SJF) near Anza, California, where previous studies suggest triggered tremor occurs, but observations are sparse. We investigate the stress required to trigger tremor using continuous broadband seismograms from 11 stations located near Anza, California. We examine 44 M<sub>w</sub>≥7.4 teleseismic events between 2001 and 2011; these events occur at a wide range of back azimuths and hypocentral distances. In addition, we included one smaller‐magnitude, regional event, the 2009 M<sub>w</sub> 6.5 Gulf of California earthquake, because it induced extremely high strains at Anza. We find the only episode of triggered tremor occurred during the 3 November 2002 M<sub>w</sub> 7.8 Denali earthquake. The tremor episode lasted 300 s, was composed of 12 tremor bursts, and was located along SJF at the northwestern edge of the Anza gap at approximately 13 km depth. The tremor episode started at the Love‐wave arrival, when surface‐wave particle motions are primarily in the transverse direction. We find that the Denali earthquake induced the second highest stress (~35  kPa) among the 44 teleseismic events and 1 regional event. The dominant period of the Denali surface wave was 22.8 s, at the lower end of the range observed for all events (20–40 s), similar to periods shown to trigger tremor in other locations. The surface waves from the 2009 M<sub>w</sub> 6.5 Gulf of California earthquake had the highest observed strain, yet a much shorter dominant period of 10 s and did not trigger tremor. This result suggests that not only the amplitude of the induced strain, but also the period of the incoming surface wave, may control triggering of tremors near Anza. In addition, we find that the transient‐shear stress (17–35 kPa) required to trigger tremor along the SJF at Anza is distinctly higher than what has been reported for the well‐studied San Andreas fault.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120120284","usgsCitation":"Wang, T., Cochran, E.S., Agnew, D., and Oglesby, D.D., 2013, Infrequent triggering of tremor along the San Jacinto Fault near Anza, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 103, no. 4, p. 2482-2497, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120284.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2482","endPage":"2497","ipdsId":"IP-045067","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276606,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276603,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120120284"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Anza","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.8699,33.4625 ], [ -116.8699,33.688 ], [ -116.451,33.688 ], [ -116.451,33.4625 ], [ -116.8699,33.4625 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"103","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520c98e0e4b081fa6136d3c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Tien-Huei","contributorId":7168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Tien-Huei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Agnew, Duncan Carr","contributorId":53686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agnew","given":"Duncan Carr","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oglesby, David D.","contributorId":51637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oglesby","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70124275,"text":"70124275 - 2013 - Land use planning and wildfire: development policies influence future probability of housing loss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T11:36:07","indexId":"70124275","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-14T11:33:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land use planning and wildfire: development policies influence future probability of housing loss","docAbstract":"Increasing numbers of homes are being destroyed by wildfire in the wildland-urban interface. With projections of climate change and housing growth potentially exacerbating the threat of wildfire to homes and property, effective fire-risk reduction alternatives are needed as part of a comprehensive fire management plan. Land use planning represents a shift in traditional thinking from trying to eliminate wildfires, or even increasing resilience to them, toward avoiding exposure to them through the informed placement of new residential structures. For land use planning to be effective, it needs to be based on solid understanding of where and how to locate and arrange new homes. We simulated three scenarios of future residential development and projected landscape-level wildfire risk to residential structures in a rapidly urbanizing, fire-prone region in southern California. We based all future development on an econometric subdivision model, but we varied the emphasis of subdivision decision-making based on three broad and common growth types: infill, expansion, and leapfrog. Simulation results showed that decision-making based on these growth types, when applied locally for subdivision of individual parcels, produced substantial landscape-level differences in pattern, location, and extent of development. These differences in development, in turn, affected the area and proportion of structures at risk from burning in wildfires. Scenarios with lower housing density and larger numbers of small, isolated clusters of development, i.e., resulting from leapfrog development, were generally predicted to have the highest predicted fire risk to the largest proportion of structures in the study area, and infill development was predicted to have the lowest risk. These results suggest that land use planning should be considered an important component to fire risk management and that consistently applied policies based on residential pattern may provide substantial benefits for future risk reduction.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0071708","usgsCitation":"Syphard, A.D., Massada, A.B., Butsic, V., and Keeley, J.E., 2013, Land use planning and wildfire: development policies influence future probability of housing loss: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 8, e71708; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071708.","productDescription":"e71708; 12 p.","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049993","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071708","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293656,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071708"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.5959,32.5342 ], [ -117.5959,33.505 ], [ -116.0809,33.505 ], [ -116.0809,32.5342 ], [ -117.5959,32.5342 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412b9afe4b0239f1986ba9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Syphard, Alexandra D.","contributorId":8977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Syphard","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Massada, Avi Bar","contributorId":93744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massada","given":"Avi","email":"","middleInitial":"Bar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Butsic, Van","contributorId":11524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butsic","given":"Van","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70047588,"text":"70047588 - 2013 - Importance of the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska for aquatic birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-09T11:39:56","indexId":"70047588","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-13T13:01:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska for aquatic birds","docAbstract":"We used data from aerial surveys (1992–2010) of >100,000 km<sup>2</sup> and ground surveys (1998–2004) of >150 km<sup>2</sup> to estimate the density and abundance of birds on the North Slope of Alaska (U.S.A.). In the ground surveys, we used double sampling to estimate detection ratios. We used the aerial survey data to compare densities of birds and Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), the major nest predator of birds, on the North Slope, in Prudhoe Bay, and in nearby areas. We partitioned the Prudhoe Bay oil field into 2 × 2 km plots and determined the relation between density of aquatic birds and density of roads, buildings, and other infrastructure in these plots. Abundance and density (birds per square kilometer) of 3 groups of aquatic birds—waterfowl, loons, and grebes; shorebirds; and gulls, terns, and jaegers—were highest in the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska (NPRA) and lowest in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Six other major wetlands occur in the Arctic regions of Canada and Russia, but the largest population of aquatic birds was in the NPRA. Aquatic birds were concentrated in the northern part of the NPRA. For example, an area that covered 18% of the NPRA included 53% of its aquatic birds. The aerial surveys showed that bird density was not lower and fox density was not higher in Prudhoe Bay than in surrounding areas. Density of infrastructure did not significantly affect bird density for any group of species. Our results establish that the NPRA is one of the most important areas for aquatic birds in the Arctic. Our results and those of others also indicate that oil production, as practiced in Prudhoe Bay, does not necessarily lead to substantial declines in bird density or productivity in or near the developed areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/cobi.12133","usgsCitation":"Bart, J., Platte, R.M., Andres, B., Brown, S., Johnson, J., and Larned, W., 2013, Importance of the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska for aquatic birds: Conservation Biology, v. 27, no. 6, p. 1304-1312, https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12133.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1304","endPage":"1312","ipdsId":"IP-048834","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276565,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12133"},{"id":276576,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"National Petroleum Reserve","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,51.21 ], [ 172.45,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.45,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520b81ede4b0d6ca46067da8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bart, Jonathan jon_bart@usgs.gov","contributorId":57025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"Jonathan","email":"jon_bart@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Platte, Robert M.","contributorId":43263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Platte","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andres, Brad","contributorId":19053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andres","given":"Brad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Stephen","contributorId":40096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, James A.","contributorId":84649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larned, William","contributorId":106001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larned","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70047587,"text":"70047587 - 2013 - Accumulation of atmospheric sulfur in some Costa Rican soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-13T12:59:13","indexId":"70047587","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-13T12:55:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accumulation of atmospheric sulfur in some Costa Rican soils","docAbstract":"Sulfur is one of the macronutrient elements whose sources to terrestrial ecosystems should shift from dominance by rock-weathering to atmospheric deposition as soils and underlying substrate undergo progressive weathering and leaching. However, the nature and timing of this transition is not well known. We investigated sources of sulfur to tropical rain forests growing on basalt-derived soils in the Osa Peninsula region of Costa Rica. Sulfur sources were examined using stable isotope ratios (δ<sup>34</sup>S) and compared to chemical indices of soil development. The most weathered soils, and the forests they supported, are dominated by atmospheric sulfur, while a less weathered soil type contains both rock-derived and atmospheric sulfur. Patterns of increasing δ<sup>34</sup>S with increasing soil sulfur concentration across the landscape suggest atmospheric sulfur is accumulating, and little rock-derived sulfur has been retained. Soil sulfur, minus adsorbed sulfate, is correlated with carbon and nitrogen, implying that sulfur accumulation occurs as plants and microbes incorporate sulfur into organic matter. Only the lower depth increments of the more weathered soils contained significant adsorbed sulfate. The evidence suggests a pattern of soil development in which sulfur-bearing minerals in rock, such as sulfides, weather early relative to other minerals, and the released sulfate is leached away. Sulfur added via atmospheric deposition is retained as organic matter accumulates in the soil profile. Adsorbed sulfate accumulates later, driven by changes in soil chemistry and mineralogy. These aspects of sulfur behavior during pedogenesis in this environment may hasten the transition to dominance by atmospheric sources.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008JG000692","usgsCitation":"Bern, C., and Townsend, A.R., 2013, Accumulation of atmospheric sulfur in some Costa Rican soils: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 113, no. G3, G03001, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JG000692.","productDescription":"G03001","ipdsId":"IP-003091","costCenters":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jg000692","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":276572,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276562,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JG000692"},{"id":276563,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2008JG000692/full"}],"country":"Costa Rica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.0945,5.4992 ], [ -87.0945,11.2197 ], [ -82.5527,11.2197 ], [ -82.5527,5.4992 ], [ -87.0945,5.4992 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"113","issue":"G3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520b81e8e4b0d6ca46067da4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. cbern@usgs.gov","contributorId":657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton R.","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Townsend, Alan R.","contributorId":62868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townsend","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047474,"text":"sir20135137 - 2013 - Changing patterns in the use, recycling, and material substitution of mercury in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-07T11:05:47","indexId":"sir20135137","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-07T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5137","title":"Changing patterns in the use, recycling, and material substitution of mercury in the United States","docAbstract":"Environmental concerns have led to numerous regulations that have dramatically decreased the reported production and use of mercury in the United States since the 1980s. Government legislation and subsequent industry actions have led to increased collection of mercury-containing materials and the recovery of mercury through recycling. Mercury emissions have been reduced and effective alternatives to mercury products have been developed for many applications. This study updates and quantifies the changes in demand, supply, use, and material flow for mercury in various sectors in the United States that have taken place since 1996. Nearly all primary mercury produced in the United States is derived as a byproduct of processing of gold and silver ore in Nevada. Since 2001, annual production of mercury from gold and silver mining in Nevada has decreased by 22 percent overall because ore from greater depths containing low grade mercury is recovered, and mercury emissions from this source have decreased by 95 percent as a result of increased regulation and improved collection and suppression technology. The distribution of consumption of mercury in the United States has changed as a result of regulation (elimination of large-scale mercury use in the paint and battery sectors), reduction by consumers (decommissioning of mercury-cell chloralkali manufacturing capacity), and technological advances (improvements in dental, lighting, and wiring sectors). Mercury use in the chloralkali sector, the leading end-use sector in the United States in 1996, has declined by 98 percent from 136 metric tons (t) in 1996 to about 0.3 t in 2010 because of increased processing and recycling efficiencies and plant closures or conversion to other technologies. As plants were closed, mercury recovered from the infrastructure of decommissioned plants has been exported, making the United States a net exporter of mercury, even though no mercury has been produced as the primary product from mines in the United States since 1992. In 1996, the three leading end-use sectors for mercury in the United States were chloralkali manufacturing (accounting for 38 percent of consumption), electrical and electronic instrumentation (13 percent of consumption), and instruments and measuring devices (11 percent of consumption). In 2010, the three leading end-use sectors were dental amalgam (accounting for between 35 and 57 percent of consumption), electrical and electronic instrumentation (29 percent of consumption), and batteries (8 percent of consumption). Mercury use in lighting is increasing because incandescent lights are being phased out in favor of mercury-containing compact fluorescent bulbs, but the demand for mercury per unit produced is small. Dental amalgam constituted the largest amount of mercury in use in the United States. One study reported about 290 t of mercury in dental amalgam was estimated to be contained in human mouths, an estimated 30 t of mercury amalgam was treated as waste, 28.5 t of mercury amalgam was released to the environment, 6 t of amalgam was recycled, and 3.5 t was treated and stored in landfills in 2009. Mercury contained in products recovered by State, municipal, or industry collection activities is recycled, but the estimated overall recycling rate is less than 10 percent. Increasingly, the U.S. mercury recycling industry has been processing a significant amount of mercury-containing material derived from foreign gold mining operations or decommissioned mercury-cell chloralkali plants. Regulation of mercury export and storage is expected to result in surplus mercury inventories in the United States. The Mercury Export Ban Act of 2008 limits elemental mercury exports for unregulated uses such as artisanal gold mining after January 1, 2013, and requires development of adequate long-term storage facilities in the United States for elemental mercury. During the past 4 years, producers and recyclers of elemental mercury have been exporting large quantities of mercury in anticipation of this regulation, but the U.S. inventory of mercury in 2010 was estimated to have exceeded 7,000 t from Government stockpiles and industry stocks. Costs attributed to long-term storage may affect the competitiveness of mercury recycling.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135137","usgsCitation":"Wilburn, D.R., 2013, Changing patterns in the use, recycling, and material substitution of mercury in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5137, vi, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135137.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276160,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135137.gif"},{"id":276158,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5137/"},{"id":276159,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5137/pdf/sir2013-5137.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5203a33fe4b02bdb1bc63f60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilburn, David R. 0000-0002-5371-7617 wilburn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5371-7617","contributorId":1755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilburn","given":"David","email":"wilburn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047457,"text":"70047457 - 2013 - Summary of the Third International Planetary Dunes Workshop: remote sensing and image analysis of planetary dunes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-07T10:41:18","indexId":"70047457","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-07T10:05:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":666,"text":"Aeolian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summary of the Third International Planetary Dunes Workshop: remote sensing and image analysis of planetary dunes","docAbstract":"The Third International Planetary Dunes Workshop took place in Flagstaff, AZ, USA during June 12–15, 2012. This meeting brought together a diverse group of researchers to discuss recent advances in terrestrial and planetary research on aeolian bedforms. The workshop included two and a half days of oral and poster presentations, as well as one formal (and one informal) full-day field trip. Similar to its predecessors, the presented work provided new insight on the morphology, dynamics, composition, and origin of aeolian bedforms on Venus, Earth, Mars, and Titan, with some intriguing speculation about potential aeolian processes on Triton (a satellite of Neptune) and Pluto. Major advancements since the previous International Planetary Dunes Workshop include the introduction of several new data analysis and numerical tools and utilization of low-cost field instruments (most notably the time-lapse camera). Most presentations represented advancement towards research priorities identified in both of the prior two workshops, although some previously recommended research approaches were not discussed. In addition, this workshop provided a forum for participants to discuss the uncertain future of the Planetary Aeolian Laboratory; subsequent actions taken as a result of the decisions made during the workshop may lead to an expansion of funding opportunities to use the facilities, as well as other improvements. The interactions during this workshop contributed to the success of the Third International Planetary Dunes Workshop, further developing our understanding of aeolian processes on the aeolian worlds of the Solar System.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aeolian Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.10.006","usgsCitation":"Fenton, L.K., Hayward, R., Horgan, B.H., Rubin, D.M., Titus, T.N., Bishop, M.A., Burr, D.M., Chojnacki, M., Dinwiddie, C., Kerber, L., Gall, A.L., Michaels, T.I., Neakrase, L., Newman, C.E., Tirsch, D., Yizhaq, H., and Zimbelman, J., 2013, Summary of the Third International Planetary Dunes Workshop: remote sensing and image analysis of planetary dunes: Aeolian Research, v. 8, p. 29-38, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.10.006.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"38","ipdsId":"IP-041222","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://elib.dlr.de/78994/1/Fenton_JoAeolianResearch2012_Summary_Dunesworkshop2012.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":276154,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276153,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.10.006"}],"volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5203a340e4b02bdb1bc63f70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fenton, Lori K.","contributorId":58932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenton","given":"Lori","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayward, Rosalyn K.","contributorId":90955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayward","given":"Rosalyn K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horgan, Briony H.N.","contributorId":62126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horgan","given":"Briony","email":"","middleInitial":"H.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rubin, David M. 0000-0003-1169-1452 drubin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-1452","contributorId":3159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"David","email":"drubin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Titus, Timothy N. 0000-0003-0700-4875 ttitus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-4875","contributorId":146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"Timothy","email":"ttitus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bishop, Mark A.","contributorId":36837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burr, Devon M.","contributorId":21853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burr","given":"Devon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chojnacki, Matthew","contributorId":96576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chojnacki","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dinwiddie, Cynthia L.","contributorId":38880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinwiddie","given":"Cynthia L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kerber, Laura","contributorId":27347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerber","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Gall, Alice Le","contributorId":25449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gall","given":"Alice","email":"","middleInitial":"Le","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Michaels, Timothy I.","contributorId":38883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaels","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Neakrase, Lynn","contributorId":56362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neakrase","given":"Lynn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Newman, Claire E.","contributorId":40506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Tirsch, Daniela","contributorId":55730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tirsch","given":"Daniela","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Yizhaq, Hezi","contributorId":63709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yizhaq","given":"Hezi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Zimbelman, James R.","contributorId":43048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimbelman","given":"James R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70047465,"text":"70047465 - 2013 - An evaluation of <i>Mesodon</i> and other larger terrestrial gastropod shells for dating late Holocene and historic alluvium in the Midwestern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-07T10:19:18","indexId":"70047465","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-07T09:01:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of <i>Mesodon</i> and other larger terrestrial gastropod shells for dating late Holocene and historic alluvium in the Midwestern USA","docAbstract":"Understanding the history of stream erosion and changes in channel morphology is important for managing and restoring unstable streams. One of the significant challenges in this type of research is establishing accurate dating of late Holocene and historic alluvium. Here we evaluate the potential of using <sup>14</sup>C dating and amino acid racemization (AAR) to date large terrestrial gastropod shells that are often preserved within alluvial sediments. Many terrestrial gastropods incorporate old carbon from limestone or other carbonate rocks into their shells and therefore are unsuitable for radiocarbon dating. Recent studies, however, have shown that some taxa avoid this ‘limestone problem’ and can yield reliable <sup>14</sup>C ages. In this study, we measured the <sup>14</sup>C activity of specimens for the genera Mesodon, Ventridens, and Allogona collected live and from alluvial sequences dated independently by dendrochronology, <sup>14</sup>C dating of wood, and/or <sup>137</sup>Cs analyses. Mesodon zaletus contained old carbon in similar concentrations (up to ~ 30%) found in previous studies of other large taxa and should be avoided for <sup>14</sup>C dating when possible. In contrast, shells of Ventridens ligera and Allogona profunda showed minimal limestone effects and therefore may be suitable for dating late Holocene alluvium. These results highlight the importance of taxonomic identification of gastropod taxa prior to their use for <sup>14</sup>C dating and demonstrate that shell fragments that are not identifiable should be avoided. We also measured d/l ratios (n = 17) of aspartic and glutamic acid from eight different taxa of terrestrial gastropods recovered from four late Holocene and historic stratigraphic sequences. Average d/l ratios of aspartic and glutamic acid from historic sediments < 300 years old are lower in shells from younger stratigraphic units, indicating that AAR can be used to differentiate between multiple historic stratigraphic units.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.031","usgsCitation":"Rakovan, M.T., Rech, J.A., Pigati, J.S., Nekola, J.C., and Wiles, G.C., 2013, An evaluation of <i>Mesodon</i> and other larger terrestrial gastropod shells for dating late Holocene and historic alluvium in the Midwestern USA: Geomorphology, v. 193, p. 47-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.031.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"56","ipdsId":"IP-037269","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276155,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276146,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.031"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"193","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5203a33ee4b02bdb1bc63f5c","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.031","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.031","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Rakovan Monica T., Rech Jason A., Pigati Jeffrey S., Nekola Jeffrey C., Wiles Gregory C.","journalName":"Geomorphology","publicationDate":"7/2013","auditedOn":"10/29/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rakovan, Monica T.","contributorId":65752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rakovan","given":"Monica","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rech, Jason A.","contributorId":30730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rech","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pigati, Jeffery S.","contributorId":73907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nekola, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":26214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nekola","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":482110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiles, Gregory C.","contributorId":39278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiles","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70174266,"text":"70174266 - 2013 - Advancements in understanding the aeromagnetic expressions of basin-margin faults—An example from San Luis Basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-06T17:02:25","indexId":"70174266","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-06T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3568,"text":"The Leading Edge","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advancements in understanding the aeromagnetic expressions of basin-margin faults—An example from San Luis Basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstract-1\" class=\"section abstract\">\n<p id=\"p-1\">Advancements in aeromagnetic acquisition technology over the past few decades have led to greater resolution of shallow geologic sources with low magnetization, such as intrasedimentary faults and paleochannels. Detection and mapping of intrasedimentary faults in particular can be important for understanding the overall structural setting of an area, even if exploration targets are much deeper. Aeromagnetic methods are especially useful for mapping structures in mountain-piedmont areas at the margins of structural basins, where mineral exploration and seismic-hazard studies may be focused, and where logistical or data-quality issues encumber seismic methods. Understanding if the sources of aeromagnetic anomalies in this context originate from sedimentary units or bedrock is important for evaluating basin structure and/or depth to shallow exploration targets.</p>\n</div>\n<p id=\"p-2\">Advancements in aeromagnetic acquisition technology over the past few decades have led to greater resolution of shallow geologic sources with low magnetization, such as intrasedimentary faults and paleochannels. Detection and mapping of intrasedimentary faults in particular can be important for understanding the overall structural setting of an area, even if exploration targets are much deeper. Aeromagnetic methods are especially useful for mapping structures in mountain-piedmont areas at the margins of structural basins, where mineral exploration and seismic-hazard studies may be focused, and where logistical or data-quality issues encumber seismic methods. Understanding if the sources of aeromagnetic anomalies in this context originate from sedimentary units or bedrock is important for evaluating basin structure and/or depth to shallow exploration targets.</p>\n<p id=\"p-3\">Although explorationists have surmised that subtle, narrow, linear aeromagnetic anomalies or gradients are caused by intrasedimentary faults, the nature of the magnetic sources has been debated. A common and intuitive explanation for the linear anomalies considers that the magnetic properties of the fault zone have been altered by secondary chemical processes, either through the growth or destruction of magnetic minerals. However, comprehensive, multidisciplinary studies of partially exposed intrasedimentary faults in basins within the central Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico, have shown that the anomalies can be completely explained by the tectonic juxtaposition of strata of differing magnetic properties at the fault (summarized in <a id=\"xref-ref-7-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"http://tle.geoscienceworld.org/content/32/8/882#ref-7\">Grauch and Hudson, 2007</a>, <a id=\"xref-ref-8-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"http://tle.geoscienceworld.org/content/32/8/882#ref-8\">2011</a>). Whereas a reduction in magnetic susceptibility was detected at some fault zones in the laboratory, the slight reduction and small volume of material affected were insufficient to produce aeromagnetic anomalies (<a id=\"xref-ref-12-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"http://tle.geoscienceworld.org/content/32/8/882#ref-12\">Hudson et al., 2008</a>).</p>\n<p id=\"p-4\">A key finding of the studies summarized by <a id=\"xref-ref-7-2\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"http://tle.geoscienceworld.org/content/32/8/882#ref-7\">Grauch and Hudson (2007</a>, <a id=\"xref-ref-8-2\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"http://tle.geoscienceworld.org/content/32/8/882#ref-8\">2011</a>) is that multiple magnetic contrasts (sources) can be vertically stacked at one fault. This situation requires rethinking of common assumptions when modeling faults as simple steps or when interpreting depth-estimation results. The multiple contrasts in these case studies arise from the tectonic juxtaposition of stratified sediments with differing magnetic properties. Multiple, vertically stacked magnetic sources also can occur where volcanic layers are interbedded with the sedimentary section or where faults offset both shallow bedrock and its overlying sedimentary cover. The latter situation is common at basin margins.</p>\n<p id=\"p-5\">Herein, we summarize and expand on an investigation of the sources of aeromagnetic anomalies related to faults along the eastern margin of the San Luis Basin, northern Rio Grande Rift, Colorado (<a id=\"xref-ref-6-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"http://tle.geoscienceworld.org/content/32/8/882#ref-6\">Grauch et al., 2010</a>). Similar to the faults examined in the central Rio Grande Rift, magnetic sources can be completely explained by tectonic juxtaposition and produce multiple, vertically stacked magnetic contrasts at individual faults. However, the geologic sources are different. They arise from both the sedimentary cover and the underlying bedrock rather than from stratified sediments. In addition, geologic evidence for secondary growth or destruction of magnetic minerals at the fault zone is lacking.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/tle32080882.1","usgsCitation":"Grauch, V.J., Bedrosian, P.A., and Drenth, B.J., 2013, Advancements in understanding the aeromagnetic expressions of basin-margin faults—An example from San Luis Basin, Colorado: The Leading Edge, v. 32, no. 8, p. 882-891, https://doi.org/10.1190/tle32080882.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"882","endPage":"891","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044990","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.0125732421875,\n              38.41916639395372\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.97137451171874,\n              38.36534867623901\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.91094970703125,\n              38.3287297527893\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.8477783203125,\n              38.268375880204744\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.73791503906249,\n              38.07404145941957\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.66925048828125,\n              38.017803980061146\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.60882568359375,\n              37.90736658145496\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.5126953125,\n              37.792422407988575\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.48797607421874,\n              37.73162487017297\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.53741455078125,\n              37.659906493259385\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.51544189453125,\n              37.57505900514996\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.435791015625,\n              37.53586597792038\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.3753662109375,\n              37.53586597792038\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.30120849609374,\n              37.487935401689846\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.25726318359375,\n              37.23032838760387\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.27374267578125,\n              37.153749608429415\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.33416748046875,\n              37.00913272027146\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.39459228515624,\n              36.99597205450302\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.2982177734375,\n              36.99597205450302\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.36962890624999,\n              37.06394430056685\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.39984130859374,\n              37.10995544464346\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.43829345703125,\n              37.19095471582605\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.45751953125,\n              37.29153547292737\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.43280029296875,\n              37.37015718405753\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.380615234375,\n              37.40943717748788\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.32293701171874,\n              37.44433544620038\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.10595703125,\n              37.56417412088097\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.05377197265625,\n              37.6033522588369\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.985107421875,\n              37.67077737288316\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.96038818359375,\n              37.74031329210266\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.98785400390625,\n              37.820632846207864\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.99609375,\n              37.96801944035648\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.07574462890625,\n              38.10646650598286\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.116943359375,\n              38.21012996629426\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.14166259765625,\n              38.315801006824984\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.1553955078125,\n              38.43422817624596\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.160888671875,\n              38.46864331036051\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.09222412109375,\n              38.494443887725055\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.0400390625,\n              38.485844721434205\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.0125732421875,\n              38.44068226417387\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.0125732421875,\n              38.41916639395372\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"577e2bace4b0ef4d2f4459d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, V. J. 0000-0002-0761-3489 tien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":152256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"tien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drenth, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-3954-8124 bdrenth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-8124","contributorId":1315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdrenth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039306,"text":"70039306 - 2013 - Regional demographic trends from long-term studies of saguaro (<i>Carnegiea gigantea</i>) across the northern Sonoran Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T14:29:38","indexId":"70039306","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T13:38:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional demographic trends from long-term studies of saguaro (<i>Carnegiea gigantea</i>) across the northern Sonoran Desert","docAbstract":"Ten saguaro (<i>Carnegiea gigantea</i>) populations in the northern Sonoran Desert were monitored from 1959 to 2005 to discriminate how climate influences plant growth, abundance, reproductive potential, survivorship, age structure and regeneration trends. Thousands of saguaros were measured to determine site-specific growth rates and survivorship through time. Observed growth rates were used to predict the ages of saguaros and reconstruct local and regional regeneration patterns back to the late 18th century. Both growth rates and degree of branching generally tracked temperature and moisture gradients. Site-specific age-height models explained 89-97% of variance in observed ages, with a slope of nearly one. Regeneration was more consistent at sites in the western (hotter/drier) than eastern (cooler/wetter) sites, which exhibited clear multidecadal variability in regeneration rates. Averaged across the region, saguaro regeneration rates were highest from 1780 to 1860, coincident with wet conditions and high <i>Pinus ponderosa</i> recruitment in the highlands. Milder and wetter winters and protection from livestock grazing likely promoted late 20th century regeneration surges at some sites. Predictions of saguaro population dynamics in the 21st century likely will be confounded by the saguaro's episodic and asynchronous regeneration, continued urbanization, ongoing grass invasions and associated wildfires, and changing climate.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.08.008","usgsCitation":"Pierson, E., Betancourt, J.L., and Turner, R., 2013, Regional demographic trends from long-term studies of saguaro (<i>Carnegiea gigantea</i>) across the northern Sonoran Desert: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 88, p. 57-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.08.008.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"69","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-039254","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276051,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276046,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.08.008"}],"country":"Mexico;United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Sonora","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.3347,27.3815 ], [ -114.3347,34.1164 ], [ -110.3687,34.1164 ], [ -110.3687,27.3815 ], [ -114.3347,27.3815 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"88","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb58e4b009d47a4c2335","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":48142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turner, Raymond M.","contributorId":7383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Raymond M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047483,"text":"70047483 - 2013 - Fatty acid composition at the base of aquatic food webs is influenced by habitat type and watershed land use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-08T07:24:14","indexId":"70047483","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-02T07:17:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fatty acid composition at the base of aquatic food webs is influenced by habitat type and watershed land use","docAbstract":"Spatial variation in food resources strongly influences many aspects of aquatic consumer ecology. Although large-scale controls over spatial variation in many aspects of food resources are well known, others have received little study. Here we investigated variation in the fatty acid (FA) composition of seston and primary consumers within (i.e., among habitats) and among tributary systems of Lake Michigan, USA. FA composition of food is important because all metazoans require certain FAs for proper growth and development that cannot be produced de novo, including many polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Here we sampled three habitat types (river, rivermouth and nearshore zone) in 11 tributaries of Lake Michigan to assess the amount of FA in seston and primary consumers of seston. We hypothesize that among-system and among-habitat variation in FAs at the base of food webs would be related to algal production, which in turn is influenced by three land cover characteristics: 1) combined agriculture and urban lands (an indication of anthropogenic nutrient inputs that fuel algal production), 2) the proportion of surface waters (an indication of water residence times that allow algal producers to accumulate) and 3) the extent of riparian forested buffers (an indication of stream shading that reduces algal production). Of these three land cover characteristics, only intense land use appeared to strongly related to seston and consumer FA and this effect was only strong in rivermouth and nearshore lake sites. River seston and consumer FA composition was highly variable, but that variation does not appear to be driven by the watershed land cover characteristics investigated here. Whether the spatial variation in FA content at the base of these food webs significantly influences the production of economically important species higher in the food web should be a focus of future research.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0070666","usgsCitation":"Larson, J.H., Richardson, W.B., Knights, B.C., Bartsch, L., Bartsch, M., Nelson, J., Veldboom, J.A., and Vallazza, J.M., 2013, Fatty acid composition at the base of aquatic food webs is influenced by habitat type and watershed land use: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 8, e70666, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070666.","productDescription":"e70666","ipdsId":"IP-043752","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070666","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":276187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276186,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070666"},{"id":276174,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0070666"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan;Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.91,41.61 ], [ -87.91,46.1 ], [ -84.74,46.1 ], [ -84.74,41.61 ], [ -87.91,41.61 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5203a377e4b02bdb1bc63f8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richardson, William B. 0000-0002-7471-4394 wrichardson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-4394","contributorId":3277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"William","email":"wrichardson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knights, Brent C. 0000-0001-8526-8468 bknights@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-8468","contributorId":2906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knights","given":"Brent","email":"bknights@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartsch, Lynn 0000-0002-1483-4845 lbartsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-4845","contributorId":3342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"Lynn","email":"lbartsch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bartsch, Michelle 0000-0002-9571-5564 mbartsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9571-5564","contributorId":3165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"Michelle","email":"mbartsch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nelson, J. C. 0000-0002-7105-0107 jcnelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7105-0107","contributorId":459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J. C.","email":"jcnelson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Veldboom, Jason A. jveldboom@usgs.gov","contributorId":4123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veldboom","given":"Jason","email":"jveldboom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":482164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vallazza, Jonathan M. jvallazza@usgs.gov","contributorId":3651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallazza","given":"Jonathan","email":"jvallazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70161897,"text":"70161897 - 2013 - Post-earthquake building safety inspection: Lessons from the Canterbury, New Zealand, earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T16:51:19","indexId":"70161897","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-earthquake building safety inspection: Lessons from the Canterbury, New Zealand, earthquakes","docAbstract":"<p>The authors discuss some of the unique aspects and lessons of the New Zealand post-earthquake building safety inspection program that was implemented following the Canterbury earthquake sequence of 2010&ndash;2011. The post-event safety assessment program was one of the largest and longest programs undertaken in recent times anywhere in the world. The effort engaged hundreds of engineering professionals throughout the country, and also sought expertise from outside, to perform post-earthquake structural safety inspections of more than 100,000 buildings in the city of Christchurch and the surrounding suburbs. While the building safety inspection procedure implemented was analogous to the ATC 20 program in the United States, many modifications were proposed and implemented in order to assess the large number of buildings that were subjected to strong and variable shaking during a period of two years. This note discusses some of the key aspects of the post-earthquake building safety inspection program and summarizes important lessons that can improve future earthquake response.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Berkeley, CA","doi":"10.1193/1.4000151","usgsCitation":"Marshall, J., Jaiswal, K.S., Gould, N., Turner, F., Lizundia, B., and Barnes, J., 2013, Post-earthquake building safety inspection: Lessons from the Canterbury, New Zealand, earthquakes: Earthquake Spectra, v. 29, no. 3, p. 1091-1107, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.4000151.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1091","endPage":"1107","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049971","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","state":"Canterbury","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              166.11328125,\n              -47.50235895196859\n            ],\n            [\n              174.77050781249997,\n              -47.50235895196859\n            ],\n            [\n              174.77050781249997,\n              -40.49709237269566\n            ],\n            [\n              166.11328125,\n              -40.49709237269566\n            ],\n            [\n              166.11328125,\n              -47.50235895196859\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5690ebcfe4b09c7f9a218be0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marshall, J.","contributorId":45243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaiswal, Kishor S. 0000-0002-5803-8007 kjaiswal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5803-8007","contributorId":149796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaiswal","given":"Kishor","email":"kjaiswal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gould, N.","contributorId":29724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turner, F.","contributorId":105202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lizundia, B.","contributorId":85489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lizundia","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnes, J.","contributorId":36237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70074779,"text":"70074779 - 2013 - Land-cover change in the conterminous United States from 1973 to 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T16:09:10","indexId":"70074779","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1841,"text":"Global Environmental Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land-cover change in the conterminous United States from 1973 to 2000","docAbstract":"Land-cover change in the conterminous United States was quantified by interpreting change from satellite imagery for a sample stratified by 84 ecoregions. Gross and net changes between 11 land-cover classes were estimated for 5 dates of Landsat imagery (1973, 1980, 1986, 1992, and 2000). An estimated 673,000 km<sup>2</sup>(8.6%) of the United States’ land area experienced a change in land cover at least one time during the study period. Forest cover experienced the largest net decline of any class with 97,000 km2 lost between 1973 and 2000. The large decline in forest cover was prominent in the two regions with the highest percent of overall change, the Marine West Coast Forests (24.5% of the region experienced a change in at least one time period) and the Eastern Temperate Forests (11.4% of the region with at least one change). Agriculture declined by approximately 90,000 km<sup>2</sup> with the largest annual net loss of 12,000 km<sup>2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup> occurring between 1986 and 1992. Developed area increased by 33% and with the rate of conversion to developed accelerating rate over time. The time interval with the highest annual rate of change of 47,000 km<sup>2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup> (0.6% per year) was 1986–1992. This national synthesis documents a spatially and temporally dynamic era of land change between 1973 and 2000. These results quantify land change based on a nationally consistent monitoring protocol and contribute fundamental estimates critical to developing understanding of the causes and consequences of land change in the conterminous United States.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.03.006","usgsCitation":"Sleeter, B.M., Sohl, T.L., Loveland, T., Auch, R.F., Acevedo, W., Drummond, M.A., Sayler, K., and Stehman, S.V., 2013, Land-cover change in the conterminous United States from 1973 to 2000: Global Environmental Change, v. 23, no. 4, p. 733-748, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.03.006.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"733","endPage":"748","numberOfPages":"16","temporalStart":"1973-01-01","temporalEnd":"2000-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-035634","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.03.006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":282027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282026,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.03.006"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd63f3e4b0b290850ff23f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231 sohl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"sohl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":3005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":489871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Auch, Roger F. 0000-0002-5382-5044 auch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5382-5044","contributorId":667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auch","given":"Roger","email":"auch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Acevedo, William wacevedo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acevedo","given":"William","email":"wacevedo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Drummond, Mark A. 0000-0001-7420-3503 madrummond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-3503","contributorId":3053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drummond","given":"Mark","email":"madrummond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sayler, Kristi L. 0000-0003-2514-242X sayler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-242X","contributorId":2988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sayler","given":"Kristi","email":"sayler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stehman, Stephen V.","contributorId":77283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehman","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70048866,"text":"70048866 - 2013 - Mapping risk of avian influenza transmission at the interface of domestic poultry and wild birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:25:02","indexId":"70048866","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1704,"text":"Frontiers in Public Health","onlineIssn":"2296-2565","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping risk of avian influenza transmission at the interface of domestic poultry and wild birds","docAbstract":"Emergence of avian influenza viruses with high lethality to humans, such as the currently circulating highly pathogenic A(H5N1) (emerged in 1996) and A(H7N9) cause serious concern for the global economic and public health sectors. Understanding the spatial and temporal interface between wild and domestic populations, from which these viruses emerge, is fundamental to taking action. This information, however, is rarely considered in influenza risk models, partly due to a lack of data. We aim to identify areas of high transmission risk between domestic poultry and wild waterfowl in China, the epicenter of both viruses. Two levels of models were developed: one that predicts hotspots of novel virus emergence between domestic and wild birds, and one that incorporates H5N1 risk factors, for which input data exists. Models were produced at 1 and 30 km spatial resolution, and two temporal seasons. Patterns of risk varied between seasons with higher risk in the northeast, central-east, and western regions of China during spring and summer, and in the central and southeastern regions during winter. Monte-Carlo uncertainty analyses indicated varying levels of model confidence, with lowest errors in the densely populated regions of eastern and southern China. Applications and limitations of the models are discussed within.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Frontiers in Public Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fpubh.2013.00028","usgsCitation":"Prosser, D.J., Hungerford, L.L., Erwin, R.M., Ottinger, M.A., Takekawa, J.Y., and Ellis, E.C., 2013, Mapping risk of avian influenza transmission at the interface of domestic poultry and wild birds: Frontiers in Public Health, v. 1, no. 28, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2013.00028.","productDescription":"11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-049511","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473623,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2013.00028","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438783,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9P163QI","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Spatial models indicating avian influenza transmission risk at the interface of domestic poultry and wild birds in China"},{"id":278983,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278982,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2013.00028"}],"country":"China","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 73.5,18.15 ], [ 73.5,53.56 ], [ 134.77,53.56 ], [ 134.77,18.15 ], [ 73.5,18.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"1","issue":"28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527e586ce4b02d2057dd95ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hungerford, Laura L.","contributorId":14291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hungerford","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erwin, R. Michael 0000-0003-2108-9502","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2108-9502","contributorId":57125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ottinger, Mary Ann","contributorId":26422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ottinger","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":485772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ellis, Erle C.","contributorId":67400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Erle","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70074649,"text":"70074649 - 2013 - Geologic occurrences of erionite in the United States: an emerging national public health concern for respiratory disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-14T13:05:24","indexId":"70074649","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T12:59:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic occurrences of erionite in the United States: an emerging national public health concern for respiratory disease","docAbstract":"Erionite, a mineral series within the zeolite group, is classified as a Group 1 known respiratory carcinogen. This designation resulted from extremely high incidences of mesothelioma discovered in three small villages from the Cappadocia region of Turkey, where the disease was linked to environmental exposures to fibrous forms of erionite. Natural deposits of erionite, including fibrous forms, have been identified in the past in the western United States. Until recently, these occurrences have generally been overlooked as a potential hazard. In the last several years, concerns have emerged regarding the potential for environmental and occupational exposures to erionite in the United States, such as erionite-bearing gravels in western North Dakota mined and used to surface unpaved roads. As a result, there has been much interest in identifying locations and geologic environments across the United States where erionite occurs naturally. A 1996 U.S. Geological Survey report describing erionite occurrences in the United States has been widely cited as a compilation of all US erionite deposits; however, this compilation only focused on one of several geologic environments in which erionite can form. Also, new occurrences of erionite have been identified in recent years. Using a detailed literature survey, this paper updates and expands the erionite occurrences database, provided in a supplemental file (US_erionite.xls). Epidemiology, public health, and natural hazard studies can incorporate this information on known erionite occurrences and their characteristics. By recognizing that only specific geologic settings and formations are hosts to erionite, this knowledge can be used in developing management plans designed to protect the public.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10653-012-9504-9","usgsCitation":"Van Gosen, B.S., Blitz, T.A., Plumlee, G.S., Meeker, G.P., and Pierson, M.P., 2013, Geologic occurrences of erionite in the United States: an emerging national public health concern for respiratory disease: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 35, no. 4, p. 419-430, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-012-9504-9.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"419","endPage":"430","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-038199","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286317,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286316,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-012-9504-9"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;California;Colorado;Idaho;Montana;New Mexico;Nevada;North Dakota;Oregon;South Dakota;Utah;Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.79,31.69 ], [ -124.79,49.0 ], [ -100.35,49.0 ], [ -100.35,31.69 ], [ -124.79,31.69 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355946de4b0120853e8bfc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Gosen, Bradley S. 0000-0003-4214-3811 bvangose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":1174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"Bradley","email":"bvangose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blitz, Thomas A.","contributorId":22678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blitz","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meeker, Gregory P.","contributorId":62974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pierson, M. Patrick","contributorId":24273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}