{"pageNumber":"1623","pageRowStart":"40550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184606,"records":[{"id":70039629,"text":"ofr20121165 - 2012 - Near-field receiving water monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in south San Francisco Bay, California: 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-18T01:01:45","indexId":"ofr20121165","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1165","title":"Near-field receiving water monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in south San Francisco Bay, California: 2011","docAbstract":"Trace-metal concentrations in sediment and in the clam Macoma petalum (formerly reported as Macoma balthica), clam reproductive activity, and benthic macroinvertebrate community structure were investigated in a mudflat 1 kilometer south of the discharge of the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant (PARWQCP) in South San Francisco Bay, Calif. This report includes the data collected by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists for the period January 2011 to December 2011. These data serve as the basis for the City of Palo Alto's Near-Field Receiving Water Monitoring Program, initiated in 1994. Following significant reductions in the late 1980s, silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) concentrations in sediment and M. petalum appear to have stabilized. Data for other metals, including chromium, mercury, nickel, selenium, and zinc, have been collected since 1994. Over this period, concentrations of these elements have remained relatively constant, aside from seasonal variation that is common to all elements. In 2011, concentrations of Ag and Cu in M. petalum varied seasonally in response to a combination of site-specific metal exposures and annual growth and reproduction, as reported previously. Seasonal patterns for other elements, including Cr, Hg, Ni, Se, and Zn, were generally similar in timing and magnitude as those for Ag and Cu. In 2011, metal concentrations in both sediments and clam tissue were among the lowest concentrations on record. This record suggests that regional-scale factors now largely control sedimentary and bioavailable concentrations of Ag and Cu, as well as other elements of regulatory interest, at the Palo Alto site. Analyses of the benthic community structure of a mudflat in South San Francisco Bay over a 38-year period show that changes in the community have occurred concurrent with reduced concentrations of metals in the sediment and in the tissues of the biosentinel clam, M. petalum, from the same area. Analysis of the M. petalum community shows increases in reproductive activity concurrent with the decline in metal concentrations in the tissues of this organism. Reproductive activity is presently stable (2011), with almost all animals initiating reproduction in the fall and spawning the following spring. The community has shifted from being dominated by several opportunistic species to a community where the species are more similar in abundance, a pattern that indicates a more stable community that is subjected to fewer stressors. In addition, two of the opportunistic species (Ampelisca abdita and Streblospio benedicti) that brood their young and live on the surface of the sediment in tubes have shown a continual decline in dominance coincident with the decline in metals; both species had short-lived rebounds in abundance in 2008, 2009, and 2010. Heteromastus filiformis (a subsurface polychaete worm that lives in the sediment, consumes sediment and organic particles residing in the sediment, and reproduces by laying its eggs on or in the sediment) showed a concurrent increase in dominance and, in the last several years before 2008, showed a stable population. H. filiformis abundance increased slightly in 2011. An unidentified disturbance occurred on the mudflat in early 2008 that resulted in the loss of the benthic animals, except for those deep-dwelling animals like Macoma petalum. Animals immediately returned to the mudflat in 2008, which was the first indication that the disturbance was not due to a persistent toxin or to anoxia. The reproductive mode of most species present in 2011 is reflective of the species that were available either as pelagic larvae or as mobile adults. Although egg layers were lower in number in this group, the authors hypothesize that these species will return slowly as more species move back into the area. The use of functional ecology was highlighted in the 2011 benthic community data, which show that the animals that have now returned to the mudflat are those that can respond successfully to a physical, nontoxic disturbance. Today, community data show a mix of animals that consume the sediment, filter feed, have pelagic larvae that must survive landing on the sediment, and brood their young. USGS scientists continue to observe the community's response to the 2008 defaunation event because it allows them to examine the response of the community to a natural disturbance (possible causes include sediment accretion or freshwater inundation) and compare this recovery to the long-term recovery observed in the 1970s when the decline in sediment pollutants was the dominating factor.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121165","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Palo Alto, California","usgsCitation":"Dyke, J., Thompson, J.K., Cain, D.J., Kleckner, A.E., Parcheso, F., Luoma, S.N., and Hornberger, M.I., 2012, Near-field receiving water monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in south San Francisco Bay, California: 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1165, vii, 108 p.; col. ill.; Appendices; XLSX Download of Appendices 1-11, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121165.","productDescription":"vii, 108 p.; col. ill.; Appendices; XLSX Download of Appendices 1-11","startPage":"i","endPage":"108","numberOfPages":"118","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":434,"text":"National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1165.gif"},{"id":259691,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1165/of2012-1165_text.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259690,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1165/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a63f5e4b0c8380cd727b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyke, Jessica jldyke@usgs.gov","contributorId":1035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyke","given":"Jessica","email":"jldyke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":466629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cain, Daniel J. 0000-0002-3443-0493 djcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3443-0493","contributorId":1784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"Daniel","email":"djcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kleckner, Amy E. kleckner@usgs.gov","contributorId":4258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleckner","given":"Amy","email":"kleckner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parcheso, Francis 0000-0002-9471-7787 parchaso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7787","contributorId":2590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parcheso","given":"Francis","email":"parchaso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":466633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446 mhornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":1037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"mhornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70039630,"text":"sir20125042 - 2012 - Groundwater quality and simulation of sources of water to wells in the Marsh Creek valley at the U.S. Geological Survey Northern Appalachian Research Laboratory, Tioga County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-18T01:01:45","indexId":"sir20125042","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5042","title":"Groundwater quality and simulation of sources of water to wells in the Marsh Creek valley at the U.S. Geological Survey Northern Appalachian Research Laboratory, Tioga County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"This report provides a November 2010 snapshot of groundwater quality and an analysis of the sources of water to wells at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Northern Appalachian Research Laboratory (NARL) near Wellsboro, Pennsylvania. The laboratory, which conducts fisheries research, currently (2011) withdraws 1,000 gallons per minute of high-quality groundwater from three wells completed in the glacial sand and gravel aquifer beneath the Marsh Creek valley; a fourth well that taps the same aquifer provides the potable supply for the facility. The study was conducted to document the source areas and quality of the water supply for this Department of Interior facility, which is surrounded by the ongoing development of natural gas from the Marcellus Shale. Groundwater samples were collected from the four wells used by the NARL and from two nearby domestic-supply wells. The domestic-supply wells withdraw groundwater from bedrock of the Catskill Formation. Samples were analyzed for major ions, nutrients, trace metals, radiochemicals, dissolved gases, and stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in water and carbon in dissolved carbonate to document groundwater quality. Organic constituents (other than hydrocarbon gases) associated with hydraulic fracturing and other human activities were not analyzed as part of this assessment. Results show low concentrations of all constituents. Only radon, which ranged from 980 to 1,310 picocuries per liter, was somewhat elevated. These findings are consistent with the pristine nature of the aquifer in the Marsh Creek valley, which is the reason the laboratory was sited at this location. The sources of water and areas contributing recharge to wells were identified by the use of a previously documented MODFLOW groundwater-flow model for the following conditions: (1) withdrawals of 1,000 to 3,000 gallons per minute from the NARL wells, (2) average or dry hydrologic conditions, and (3) withdrawals of 1,000 gallons per minute from a new well 3,500 feet to the southwest that was drilled to provide water for Marcellus gas-well operations. Results of simulations indicate that during average hydrologic conditions, infiltration from Straight Run, a tributary to Marsh Creek, provides nearly all the water to the NARL wells. During dry conditions, the areas contributing recharge expand such that Asaph Run contributes about half of the water to the NARL wells when withdrawals are 1,000 or 2,000 gallons per minute. The addition of a simulated withdrawal of 1,000 gallons per minute from the nearby new well does not substantially affect the sources of water captured by the NARL wells. These results are subject to some limitations. The water-quality samples represent a snapshot of groundwater chemistry for only one hydrologic condition; the concentrations of some constituents may change temporally. In addition, samples were collected and analyzed for hydrocarbon gases, but not organic constituents associated with hydraulic fracturing; additional sampling for these constituents would provide a more complete water-quality baseline. The sources contributing water to the NARL wells and the new well were simulated by use of a simplified one-layer model of the glacial sand and gravel aquifer for steady-state conditions that in reality are never achieved. Steady-state simulations of dry hydrologic conditions show that it is possible for the NARL wells to capture water from Asaph Run; however, maps of simulated groundwater time-of-travel indicate that a dry period of unusually long duration would be required. A better analysis could be done by recalibrating the groundwater-flow model with a finite-difference grid having multiple layers, cells smaller than the 200-foot by 200-foot cells used in this study, and transient stress periods.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125042","usgsCitation":"Risser, D.W., and Breen, K.J., 2012, Groundwater quality and simulation of sources of water to wells in the Marsh Creek valley at the U.S. Geological Survey Northern Appalachian Research Laboratory, Tioga County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5042, vii, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125042.","productDescription":"vii, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259705,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5042.png"},{"id":259701,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5042/pdf/sir2012-5042.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259700,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5042/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2400","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Tioga County","city":"Wellsboro","otherGeospatial":"Asaph Run;Marsh Creek;Straight Run","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.41666666666667,41.766666666666666 ], [ -77.41666666666667,41.78333333333333 ], [ -77.38333333333334,41.78333333333333 ], [ -77.38333333333334,41.766666666666666 ], [ -77.41666666666667,41.766666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2daee4b0c8380cd5bfa9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risser, Dennis W. 0000-0001-9597-5406 dwrisser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9597-5406","contributorId":898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risser","given":"Dennis","email":"dwrisser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breen, Kevin J. 0000-0002-9447-6469 kjbreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-6469","contributorId":219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breen","given":"Kevin","email":"kjbreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039627,"text":"sir20125157 - 2012 - Podiform chromite deposits--database and grade and tonnage models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T10:58:59.137351","indexId":"sir20125157","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5157","title":"Podiform chromite deposits--database and grade and tonnage models","docAbstract":"Chromite ((Mg, Fe<sup>++</sup>)(Cr, Al, Fe<sup>+++</sup>)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) is the only source for the metallic element chromium, which is used in the metallurgical, chemical, and refractory industries. Podiform chromite deposits are small magmatic chromite bodies formed in the ultramafic section of an ophiolite complex in the oceanic crust. These deposits have been found in midoceanic ridge, off-ridge, and suprasubduction tectonic settings. Most podiform chromite deposits are found in dunite or peridotite near the contact of the cumulate and tectonite zones in ophiolites. We have identified 1,124 individual podiform chromite deposits, based on a 100-meter spatial rule, and have compiled them in a database. Of these, 619 deposits have been used to create three new grade and tonnage models for podiform chromite deposits. The major podiform chromite model has a median tonnage of 11,000 metric tons and a mean grade of 45 percent Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The minor podiform chromite model has a median tonnage of 100 metric tons and a mean grade of 43 percent Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The banded podiform chromite model has a median tonnage of 650 metric tons and a mean grade of 42 percent Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Observed frequency distributions are also given for grades of rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, palladium, and platinum. In resource assessment applications, both major and minor podiform chromite models may be used for any ophiolite complex regardless of its tectonic setting or ophiolite zone. Expected sizes of undiscovered podiform chromite deposits, with respect to degree of deformation or ore-forming process, may determine which model is appropriate. The banded podiform chromite model may be applicable for ophiolites in both suprasubduction and midoceanic ridge settings.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125157","usgsCitation":"Mosier, D.L., Singer, D.A., Moring, B.C., and Galloway, J.P., 2012, Podiform chromite deposits--database and grade and tonnage models: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5157, iv, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125157.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259692,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5157.gif"},{"id":259687,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5157/sir2012-5157_text.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259686,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5157/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7caae4b0c8380cd79af3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosier, Dan L.","contributorId":42593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosier","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":466623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moring, Barry C. 0000-0001-6797-9258 moring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6797-9258","contributorId":2794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moring","given":"Barry","email":"moring@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Galloway, John P. jgallway@usgs.gov","contributorId":3345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"John","email":"jgallway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":466622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70040328,"text":"ds709A - 2012 - Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Khanneshin mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter A in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-01T11:13:25","indexId":"ds709A","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"709","chapter":"A","title":"Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Khanneshin mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter A in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations, prepared databases for mineral-resource target areas in Afghanistan. The purpose of the databases is to (1) provide useful data to ground-survey crews for use in performing detailed assessments of the areas and (2) provide useful information to private investors who are considering investment in a particular area for development of its natural resources. The set of satellite-image mosaics provided in this Data Series (DS) is one such database. Although airborne digital color-infrared imagery was acquired for parts of Afghanistan in 2006, the image data have radiometric variations that preclude their use in creating a consistent image mosaic for geologic analysis. Consequently, image mosaics were created using ALOS (Advanced Land Observation Satellite; renamed Daichi) satellite images, whose radiometry has been well determined (Saunier, 2007a,b). This part of the DS consists of the locally enhanced ALOS image mosaics for the Khanneshin mineral district, which has uranium, thorium, rare-earth-element, and apatite deposits. ALOS was launched on January 24, 2006, and provides multispectral images from the AVNIR (Advanced Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer) sensor in blue (420-500 nanometer, nm), green (520-600 nm), red (610-690 nm), and near-infrared (760-890 nm) wavelength bands with an 8-bit dynamic range and a 10-meter (m) ground resolution. The satellite also provides a panchromatic band image from the PRISM (Panchromatic Remote-sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping) sensor (520-770 nm) with the same dynamic range but a 2.5-m ground resolution. The image products in this DS incorporate copyrighted data provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (&copy;JAXA,2007,2008,2010), but the image processing has altered the original pixel structure and all image values of the JAXA ALOS data, such that original image values cannot be recreated from this DS. As such, the DS products match JAXA criteria for value added products, which are not copyrighted, according to the ALOS end-user license agreement. The selection criteria for the satellite imagery used in our mosaics were images having (1) the highest solar-elevation angles (near summer solstice) and (2) the least cloud, cloud-shadow, and snow cover. The multispectral and panchromatic data were orthorectified with ALOS satellite ephemeris data, a process which is not as accurate as orthorectification using digital elevation models (DEMs); however, the ALOS processing center did not have a precise DEM. As a result, the multispectral and panchromatic image pairs were generally not well registered to the surface and not coregistered well enough to perform resolution enhancement on the multispectral data. Therefore, it was necessary to (1) register the 10-m AVNIR multispectral imagery to a well-controlled Landsat image base, (2) mosaic the individual multispectral images into a single image of the entire area of interest, (3) register each panchromatic image to the registered multispectral image base, and (4) mosaic the individual panchromatic images into a single image of the entire area of interest. The two image-registration steps were facilitated using an automated control-point algorithm developed by the USGS that allows image coregistration to within one picture element. Before rectification, the multispectral and panchromatic images were converted to radiance values and then to relative-reflectance values using the methods described in Davis (2006). Mosaicking the multispectral or panchromatic images started with the image with the highest sun-elevation angle and the least atmospheric scattering, which was treated as the standard image. The band-reflectance values of all other multispectral or panchromatic images within the area were sequentially adjusted to that of the standard image by determining band-reflectance correspondence between overlapping images using linear least-squares analysis. The resolution of the multispectral image mosaic was then increased to that of the panchromatic image mosaic using the SPARKLE logic, which is described in Davis (2006). Each of the four-band images within the resolution-enhanced image mosaic was individually subjected to a local-area histogram stretch algorithm (described in Davis, 2007), which stretches each band's picture element based on the digital values of all picture elements within a 500-m radius. The final databases, which are provided in this DS, are three-band, color-composite images of the local-area-enhanced, natural-color data (the blue, green, and red wavelength bands) and color-infrared data (the green, red, and near-infrared wavelength bands). All image data were initially projected and maintained in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) map projection using the target area's local zone (41 for Khanneshin) and the WGS84 datum. The final image mosaics were subdivided into nine overlapping tiles or quadrants because of the large size of the target area. The nine image tiles (or quadrants) for the Khanneshin area are provided as embedded geotiff images, which can be read and used by most geographic information system (GIS) and image-processing software. The tiff world files (tfw) are provided, even though they are generally not needed for most software to read an embedded geotiff image. Within the Khanneshin study area, one subarea was designated for detailed field investigations (that is, the Khanneshin volcano subarea); this subarea was extracted from the area's image mosaic and is provided as separate embedded geotiff images.","largerWorkTitle":"Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan (DS 709)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds709A","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense <a href=\"http://tfbso.defense.gov/www/\" target=\"_blank\">Task Force for Business and Stability Operations</a> and the <a href=\"http://www.bgs.ac.uk/AfghanMinerals/\" target=\"_blank\">Afghanistan Geological Survey</a>. This report is Chapter A in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>. For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ds709\" target=\"_blank\">DS 709</a>.","usgsCitation":"Davis, P.A., Cagney, L.E., Arko, S.A., and Harbin, M., 2012, Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Khanneshin mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter A in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 709, Readme; 2 Index Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 76.14 x 50.07 inches; 20 Image Files; 20 Metadata Files; Shapefiles; DS 709, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds709A.","productDescription":"Readme; 2 Index Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 76.14 x 50.07 inches; 20 Image Files; 20 Metadata Files; Shapefiles; DS 709","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_709_A.jpg"},{"id":262598,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/a/index_maps/Khanneshin_Image_Index_Map.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":262596,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":262597,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/a/index_maps/Khanneshin_Area-of-Interest_Index_Map.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":263615,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/a/1_readme.txt"},{"id":263616,"type":{"id":14,"text":"Image"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/a/image_files/image_files.html"},{"id":263617,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/a/metadata/metadata.html"},{"id":263618,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/"},{"id":263619,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/a/shapefiles/shapefiles.html"}],"country":"Afghanistan","state":"Helm;Nimroz","otherGeospatial":"Khanneshin Mineral District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 62.75,29.916667 ], [ 62.75,30.833333 ], [ 64.416667,30.833333 ], [ 64.416667,29.916667 ], [ 62.75,29.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"507ee039e4b022001d87bb7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Philip A. pdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Philip","email":"pdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":468097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cagney, Laura E. 0000-0003-3282-2458 lcagney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-2458","contributorId":4744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cagney","given":"Laura","email":"lcagney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arko, Scott A.","contributorId":101929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arko","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harbin, Michelle L.","contributorId":20590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbin","given":"Michelle L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70039618,"text":"70039618 - 2012 - The treatment of missing data in long-term monitoring programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-17T01:01:55","indexId":"70039618","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The treatment of missing data in long-term monitoring programs","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1017/CBO9781139022422.018","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., and Soma, M.B., 2012, The treatment of missing data in long-term monitoring programs, chap. <i>of</i> Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies, p. 298-312, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139022422.018.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"298","endPage":"312","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259666,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139022422.018","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb13de4b08c986b32528e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gitzen, R.A.","contributorId":112428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gitzen","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509055,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millspaugh, J.J.","contributorId":99105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509053,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, A.B.","contributorId":113928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509056,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Licht, D.S.","contributorId":106226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Licht","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509054,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soma, Michael B.","contributorId":61691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soma","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039610,"text":"70039610 - 2012 - Changes in avian and plant communities of aspen woodlands over 12 years after livestock removal in the northwestern Great Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-21T17:16:41","indexId":"70039610","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in avian and plant communities of aspen woodlands over 12 years after livestock removal in the northwestern Great Basin","docAbstract":"Riparian and quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) woodlands are centers of avian abundance and diversity in the western United States, but they have been affected adversely by land use practices, particularly livestock grazing. In 1990, cattle were removed from a 112,500-ha national wildlife refuge in southeastern Oregon. Thereafter, we monitored changes in vegetation and bird abundance in years 1&ndash;3 (phase 1) and 10&ndash;12 (phase 2) in 17 riparian and 9 snow-pocket aspen plots. On each 1.5-ha plot, we sampled vegetation in 6 transects. Three times during each breeding season, observers recorded all birds 50 m to each side of the plot's 150-m centerline for 25 minutes. We analyzed data with multivariate analysis of variance and paired t tests with p values adjusted for multiple comparisons. In both periods, riparian and snow-pocket aspen produced extensive regeneration of new shoots (x&#772; = 2646 stems/ha and 7079 stems/ha, respectively). By phase 2, a 64% increase in medium-diameter trees in riparian stands indicated successful recruitment into the overstory, but this pattern was not seen in snow-pocket stands, where the density of trees was over 2 times greater. By phase 2 in riparian and snow-pocket stands, native forb cover had increased by 68% and 57%, respectively, mesic shrub cover had increased by 29% and 58%, and sagebrush cover had decreased by 24% and 31%. Total avian abundance increased by 33% and 39% in riparian and snow-pocket aspen, respectively, ground or understory nesters increased by 133% and 67% and overstory nesters increased by 34% and 33%. Similarly, ground or understory foragers increased by 25% and 32%, aerial foragers by 55% and 57%, and overstory foragers by 66% and 43%. We interpreted the substantial regeneration of aspen shoots, increased densities of riparian forbs and shrubs, and increased avian abundances as a multitrophic-level response to the total removal of livestock and as substantial movement toward recovery of biological integrity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01903.x","usgsCitation":"Earnst, S.L., Dobkin, D.S., and Ballard, J., 2012, Changes in avian and plant communities of aspen woodlands over 12 years after livestock removal in the northwestern Great Basin: Conservation Biology, v. 26, no. 5, p. 862-872, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01903.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"862","endPage":"872","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259685,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259673,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01903.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Aspen Woodlands;Great Basin","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f40ae4b0c8380cd4bade","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Earnst, Susan L. susan_earnst@usgs.gov","contributorId":4446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earnst","given":"Susan","email":"susan_earnst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dobkin, David S.","contributorId":15876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobkin","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballard, Jennifer A.","contributorId":92530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"Jennifer A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039617,"text":"70039617 - 2012 - Monitoring that matters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-30T16:17:44","indexId":"70039617","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Monitoring that matters","docAbstract":"Monitoring is a critically important activity for assessing the status of a system, such as the health of an individual, the balance in one's checking account, profits and losses of a business, the economic activity of a nation, or the size of an animal population. Monitoring is especially vital for evaluating changes in the system associated with specific known impacts occurring to the system. It is also valuable for detecting unanticipated changes in the system and identifying plausible causes of such changes, all in time to take corrective action.\r\nBefore proceeding, we should define \"monitoring.\" One definition of \"monitor\" (Microsoft Corporation 2009) is \"to check something at regular intervals in order to find out how it is progressing or developing.\" The key point here is \"at regular intervals,\" suggesting a continuing process. Some definitions do not indicate the repetitive nature of monitoring and are basically synonymous with \"observing.\" Most monitoring, in the strict sense of the word, is intended to persist for long periods of time, perhaps indefinitely or permanently. Similarly, Thompson <i>et al.</i> (1998: 3) referred to the \"repeated assessment of status\" of something, but noted that the term \"monitor\" is sometimes used for analogous activities such as collecting baseline information or evaluating projects for either implementation or effectiveness. For their purposes, they restricted the term to involve repeated measurements collected at a specified frequency of time units. Let us adopt that definition, recognizing that repeated measurements imply collecting comparable information on each occasion.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, UK","doi":"10.1017/CBO9781139022422.006","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., 2012, Monitoring that matters, chap. <i>of</i> Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies, p. 54-73, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139022422.006.","productDescription":"Chapter 3: 20 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"73","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259665,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139022422.006","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5de2e4b0c8380cd7066c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gitzen, Robert A.","contributorId":75498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gitzen","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509050,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millspaugh, Joshua J.","contributorId":11141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"Joshua J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509049,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, Andrew B.","contributorId":112048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":509051,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Licht, Daniel S.","contributorId":113213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Licht","given":"Daniel S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509052,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039615,"text":"70039615 - 2012 - Tampa Bay coastal wetlands: nineteenth to twentieth century tidal marsh-to-mangrove conversion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-17T01:01:55","indexId":"70039615","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tampa Bay coastal wetlands: nineteenth to twentieth century tidal marsh-to-mangrove conversion","docAbstract":"Currently, mangroves dominate the tidal wetlands of Tampa Bay, Florida, but an examination of historic navigation charts revealed dominance of tidal marshes with a mangrove fringe in the 1870s. This study's objective was to conduct a new assessment of wetland change in Tampa Bay by digitizing nineteenth century topographic and public land surveys and comparing these to modern coastal features at four locations. We differentiate between wetland loss, wetland gain through marine transgression, and a wetland conversion from marsh to mangrove. Wetland loss was greatest at study sites to the east and north. Expansion of the intertidal zone through marine transgression, across adjacent low-lying land, was documented primarily near the mouth of the bay. Generally, the bay-wide marsh-to-mangrove ratio reversed from 86:14 to 25:75 in 125 years. Conversion of marsh to mangrove wetlands averaged 72 % at the four sites, ranging from 52 % at Old Tampa Bay to 95 % at Feather Sound. In addition to latitudinal influences, intact wetlands and areas with greater freshwater influence exhibited a lower rate of marsh-to-mangrove conversion. Two sources for nineteenth century coastal landscape were in close agreement, providing an unprecedented view of historic conditions in Tampa Bay.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries and Coasts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s12237-012-9503-1","usgsCitation":"Raabe, E.A., Roy, L.C., and McIvor, C.C., 2012, Tampa Bay coastal wetlands: nineteenth to twentieth century tidal marsh-to-mangrove conversion: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 35, no. 5, p. 1145-1162, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-012-9503-1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1145","endPage":"1162","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259674,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-012-9503-1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","volume":"35","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3d1e4b08c986b31fef5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raabe, Ellen A. eraabe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raabe","given":"Ellen","email":"eraabe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Laura C.","contributorId":54454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIvor, Carole C.","contributorId":73254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIvor","given":"Carole","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039619,"text":"70039619 - 2012 - A modified night-netting technique for recapturing quail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:27:32","indexId":"70039619","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A modified night-netting technique for recapturing quail","docAbstract":"Difficulties in recapturing radiomarked birds often prevent wildlife researchers from replacing transmitters and continuing to collect data over long time periods. We developed an effective, inexpensive capture technique for radiomarked mountain quail (Oreortyx pictus). Twenty-three of 25 mountain quail in south-central Idaho, USA, in 2006 and 2007 were recaptured for transmitter replacement. This technique will provide researchers with an opportunity to recapture relatively small birds, particularly those in dense vegetation, to help conduct long-term studies.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1002/wsb.176","usgsCitation":"Troy, R.J., Coates, P.S., Connelly, J., Gillette, G., and Delehanty, D.J., 2012, A modified night-netting technique for recapturing quail: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 36, no. 3, p. 578-581, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.176.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"578","endPage":"581","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500046,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/f90cc18fae034ddb84d1e6a78d753059","text":"External Repository"},{"id":259668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259664,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.176","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e485e4b0c8380cd466b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Troy, Ronald J.","contributorId":91733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troy","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connelly, John W.","contributorId":32391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connelly","given":"John W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gillette, Gifford","contributorId":36410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillette","given":"Gifford","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Delehanty, David J.","contributorId":80811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delehanty","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70039623,"text":"70039623 - 2012 - Nile Delta vegetation response to Holocene climate variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-19T16:13:40","indexId":"70039623","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nile Delta vegetation response to Holocene climate variability","docAbstract":"A 7000 yr palynologic record from Burullus Lagoon, Nile Delta, Egypt, is assessed to investigate changes in terrestrial vegetation in response to Nile flow. Previous studies in this region have shown that sea-level rise in the early to mid-Holocene, and markedly increased human land use during the past several centuries, altered vegetation in and around the lagoon. The pollen record from this study documents changes in delta vegetation that likely reflect variations in Nile flow. We suggest that Cyperaceae pollen is a sensitive marker of precipitation over the Nile headwaters and the resultant Nile flow. Decreases in Cyperaceae pollen, interpreted as a marker for diminished Nile flow, as well as the increase in relative abundance of microscopic charcoal, occurred at ca. 6000&ndash;5500, ca. 5000, ca. 4200, and ca. 3000 cal. yr B.P. (calibrated years before present). These correspond to extreme regional and global aridity events associated with a more southerly mean position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. These changes, also recorded by other proxy studies, indicate that several marked regional drought events affected the Nile Delta region and impacted ancient Egyptian and Middle Eastern civilizations.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G33012.1","usgsCitation":"Bernhardt, C.E., Horton, B.P., and Stanley, J., 2012, Nile Delta vegetation response to Holocene climate variability: Geology, v. 40, no. 7, p. 615-618, https://doi.org/10.1130/G33012.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"618","costCenters":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259663,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/ 10.1130/G33012.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Egypt","otherGeospatial":"Nile Delta","volume":"40","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6655e4b0c8380cd72d7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bernhardt, Christopher E. 0000-0003-0082-4731 cbernhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4731","contributorId":2131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Christopher","email":"cbernhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, Benjamin P.","contributorId":63641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanley, Jean-Daniel","contributorId":57714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Jean-Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039608,"text":"sir20125153 - 2012 - Hydrology and modeling of flow conditions at Bridge 339 and Mile 38-43, Copper River Highway, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-28T15:39:56","indexId":"sir20125153","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5153","title":"Hydrology and modeling of flow conditions at Bridge 339 and Mile 38-43, Copper River Highway, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Copper River basin, the sixth largest watershed in Alaska, drains an area of 24,200 square miles in south-central Alaska. This large, glacier-fed river flows across a wide alluvial fan before it enters the Gulf of Alaska. The Copper River Highway, which traverses the alluvial fan, has been affected by channel planform reconfiguration. Currently (2012), two areas of the Copper River Highway are at risk: at Mile 38-43, the road grade is too low and the highway could be flooded by high flows of the Copper River, and at Mile 36, the main channel of the Copper River has migrated directly toward Bridge 339. Because Bridge 339 was not designed and built to convey the main flow of the Copper River, as much as 50 feet of scour occurred at the piers in 2011. The piers can no longer absorb the lateral or vertical loads, resulting in closure of the bridge and the Copper River Highway. The U.S. Geological Survey <u>F</u>low and <u>S</u>ediment <u>T</u>ransport with <u>M</u>orphologic <u>E</u>volution of <u>Ch</u>annels (FaSTMECH) model was used to simulate the flow of the Copper River and produce simulations of depth, water-surface elevation, and velocity. At the Mile 38-43 area, FaSTMECH was used to analyze the effects of raising the road grade 5 feet, and at Mile 36, FaSTMECH was used to analyze the effects of constructing a channel to divert flow away from Bridge 339. Results from FaSTMECH indicate that if raising the road grade 5 feet in the Mile 38-43 area, a flood with an annual exceedance probability of 2 percent (400,000 cubic feet per second) would not overtop the highway. In the Bridge 339 area, results from FaSTMECH indicate that a design channel could divert flows as much as 100,000 cubic feet per second away from Bridge 339.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125153","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 2012, Hydrology and modeling of flow conditions at Bridge 339 and Mile 38-43, Copper River Highway, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5153, vi, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125153.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5153.jpg"},{"id":259616,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5153/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259617,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5153/PDF/sir20125153.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"projection":"Alaska Albers Equal Area","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Copper River Highway","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147,60 ], [ -147,64 ], [ -141,64 ], [ -141,60 ], [ -147,60 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a36cbe4b0c8380cd609dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":466561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039558,"text":"ofr20121153 - 2012 - Benthic community structure and composition in sediment from the northern Gulf of Mexico shoreline, Texas to Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-16T01:02:05","indexId":"ofr20121153","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1153","title":"Benthic community structure and composition in sediment from the northern Gulf of Mexico shoreline, Texas to Florida","docAbstract":"From April 20 through July 15, 2010, approximately 4.93 million barrels of crude oil spilled into the Gulf of Mexico from the British Petroleum Macondo-1 well, representing the largest spill in U.S. waters. Baseline benthic community conditions were assessed from shoreline sediment samples collected from 56 stations within the swash zone (for example, sample depth ranged from 0 to 1.5 feet) along the northern Gulf of Mexico coastline. These sites were selected because they had a high probability of being impacted by the oil. Cores collected at 24 stations contained no sediment infauna. Benthic community metrics varied greatly among the remaining stations. Mississippi stations had the highest mean abundances (38.9 &plusmn; 23.9 individuals per 32 square centimeters (cm<sup>2</sup>); range: 0 to 186), while Texas had the lowest abundances, 4.9 &plusmn; 3 individuals per 32 cm<sup>2</sup> (range: 0 to 25). Dominant phyla included Annelida, Arthropoda, and Mollusca, but proportional contributions of each group varied by State. Diversity indices Margalef's richness (d) and Shannon-Wiener diversity (H<i>'</i>) were highest at Louisiana and Mississippi stations (0.4 and 0.4, for both, respectively) and lowest at Texas (values for both indices were 0.1 &plusmn; 0.1). Evenness (J<i>'</i>) was low for all the States, ranging from 0.2 to 0.3, indicating a high degree of patchiness at these sites. Across stations within a State, average similarity ranged from 11.1 percent (Mississippi) to 41.1 percent (Louisiana). Low within-state similarity may be a consequence of differing habitat and physical environment conditions. Results provide necessary baseline information that will facilitate future comparisons with post-spill community metrics.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121153","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A., and Strom, D.G., 2012, Benthic community structure and composition in sediment from the northern Gulf of Mexico shoreline, Texas to Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1153, iii, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121153.","productDescription":"iii, 15 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1153.JPG"},{"id":259611,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1153/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259612,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1153/ofr2012-1153.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Florida;Louisiana;Mississippi;Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.5,24 ], [ -95.5,30.5 ], [ -81,30.5 ], [ -81,24 ], [ -95.5,24 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f0b5e4b0c8380cd4a882","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":28938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strom, Douglas G.","contributorId":31490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039606,"text":"ds659 - 2012 - Groundwater-quality data in the Borrego Valley, Central Desert, and Low-Use Basins of the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts study unit, 2008-2010--Results from the California GAMA Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-16T01:02:05","indexId":"ds659","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"659","title":"Groundwater-quality data in the Borrego Valley, Central Desert, and Low-Use Basins of the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts study unit, 2008-2010--Results from the California GAMA Program","docAbstract":"Groundwater quality in the 12,103-square-mile Borrego Valley, Central Desert, and Low-Use Basins of the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts (CLUB) study unit was investigated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from December 2008 to March 2010, as part of the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program's Priority Basin Project (PBP). The GAMA-PBP was developed in response to the California Groundwater Quality Monitoring Act of 2001 and is being conducted in collaboration with the SWRCB and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The CLUB study unit was the twenty-eighth study unit to be sampled as part of the GAMA-PBP. The GAMA CLUB study was designed to provide a spatially unbiased assessment of untreated-groundwater quality in the primary aquifer systems, and to facilitate statistically consistent comparisons of untreated-groundwater quality throughout California. The primary aquifer systems (hereinafter referred to as primary aquifers) are defined as parts of aquifers corresponding to the perforation intervals of wells listed in the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) database for the CLUB study unit. The quality of groundwater in shallow or deep water-bearing zones may differ from the quality of groundwater in the primary aquifers; shallow groundwater may be more vulnerable to surficial contamination. In the CLUB study unit, groundwater samples were collected from 52 wells in 3 study areas (Borrego Valley, Central Desert, and Low-Use Basins of the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts) in San Bernardino, Riverside, Kern, San Diego, and Imperial Counties. Forty-nine of the wells were selected by using a spatially distributed, randomized grid-based method to provide statistical representation of the study unit (grid wells), and three wells were selected to aid in evaluation of water-quality issues (understanding wells). The groundwater samples were analyzed for organic constituents (volatile organic compounds [VOCs], pesticides and pesticide degradates, and pharmaceutical compounds), constituents of special interest (perchlorate and <i>N</i>-nitrosodimethylamine [NDMA]), naturally-occurring inorganic constituents (trace elements, nutrients, major and minor ions, silica, total dissolved solids [TDS], alkalinity, and species of inorganic chromium), and radioactive constituents (radon-222, radium isotopes, and gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity). Naturally-occurring isotopes (stable isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, boron, and strontium in water, stable isotopes of carbon in dissolved inorganic carbon, activities of tritium, and carbon-14 abundance) and dissolved noble gases also were measured to help identify the sources and ages of sampled groundwater. In total, 223 constituents and 12 water-quality indicators were investigated. Three types of quality-control samples (blanks, replicates, and matrix spikes) were collected at up to 10 percent of the wells in the CLUB study unit, and the results for these samples were used to evaluate the quality of the data for the groundwater samples. Field blanks rarely contained detectable concentrations of any constituent, suggesting that contamination from sample collection procedures was not a significant source of bias in the data for the groundwater samples. Replicate samples generally were within the limits of acceptable analytical reproducibility. Median matrix-spike recoveries were within the acceptable range (70 to 130 percent) for approximately 85 percent of the compounds. This study did not attempt to evaluate the quality of water delivered to consumers; after withdrawal from the ground, untreated groundwater typically is treated, disinfected, and (or) blended with other waters to maintain water quality. Regulatory benchmarks apply to water that is delivered to the consumer, not to untreated groundwater. However, to provide some context for the results, concentrations of constituents measured in the untreated groundwater were compared with regulatory and non-regulatory health-based benchmarks established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and CDPH, and to non-regulatory benchmarks established for aesthetic concerns by CDPH. Comparisons between data collected for this study and benchmarks for drinking water are for illustrative purposes only and are not indicative of compliance or non-compliance with those benchmarks. Most inorganic constituents detected in groundwater samples from the 49 grid wells were detected at concentrations less than drinking-water benchmarks. In addition, all detections of organic constituents from the CLUB study-unit grid-well samples were less than health-based benchmarks. In total, VOCs were detected in 17 of the 49 grid wells sampled (approximately 35 percent), pesticides and pesticide degradates were detected in 5 of the 47 grid wells sampled (approximately 11 percent), and perchlorate was detected in 41 of 49 grid wells sampled (approximately 84 percent). Trace elements, major and minor ions, and nutrients were sampled for at 39 grid wells, and radioactive constituents were sampled for at 23 grid wells; most detected concentrations were less than health-based benchmarks. Exceptions in the grid-well samples include seven detections of arsenic greater than the USEPA maximum contaminant level (MCL-US) of 10 micrograms per liter (&mu;g/L); four detections of boron greater than the CDPH notification level (NL-CA) of 1,000 &mu;g/L; six detections of molybdenum greater than the USEPA lifetime health advisory level (HAL-US) of 40 &mu;g/L; two detections of uranium greater than the MCL-US of 30 &mu;g/L; nine detections of fluoride greater than the CDPH maximum contaminant level (MCL-CA) of 2 milligrams per liter (mg/L); one detection of nitrite plus nitrate (NO<sub>2-</sub>+NO<sub>3-</sub>), as nitrogen, greater than the MCL-US of 10 mg/L; and four detections of gross alpha radioactivity (72-hour count), and one detection of gross alpha radioactivity (30-day count), greater than the MCL-US of 15 picocuries per liter. Results for constituents with non-regulatory benchmarks set for aesthetic concerns showed that a manganese concentration greater than the CDPH secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL-CA) of 50 &mu;g/L was detected in one grid well. Chloride concentrations greater than the recommended SMCL-CA benchmark of 250 mg/L were detected in three grid wells, and one of these wells also had a concentration that was greater than the upper SMCL-CA benchmark of 500 mg/L. Sulfate concentrations greater than the recommended SMCL-CA benchmark of 250 mg/L were measured in six grid wells. TDS concentrations greater than the SMCL-CA recommended benchmark of 500 mg/L were measured in 20 grid wells, and concentrations in 2 of these wells also were greater than the SMCL-CA upper benchmark of 1,000 mg/L.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds659","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board A Product of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program","usgsCitation":"Mathany, T., Wright, M.T., Beuttel, B.S., and Belitz, K., 2012, Groundwater-quality data in the Borrego Valley, Central Desert, and Low-Use Basins of the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts study unit, 2008-2010--Results from the California GAMA Program: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 659, x, 100 p.; maps (col.); Tables; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds659.","productDescription":"x, 100 p.; maps (col.); Tables; Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"100","numberOfPages":"114","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_659.jpg"},{"id":259609,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/659/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259610,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/659/pdf/ds659.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Borrego Valley;Mojave Desert;Sonoran Desert","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dcfe4b0c8380cd5c040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mathany, Timothy M. 0000-0002-4747-5113","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4747-5113","contributorId":99949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mathany","given":"Timothy M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Michael T. 0000-0003-0653-6466 mtwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0653-6466","contributorId":1508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Michael","email":"mtwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beuttel, Brandon S. bbeuttel@usgs.gov","contributorId":5069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beuttel","given":"Brandon","email":"bbeuttel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":466559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042376,"text":"70042376 - 2012 - Shifting species interactions in terrestrial dryland ecosystems under altered water availability and climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-30T12:07:10","indexId":"70042376","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1023,"text":"Biological Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifting species interactions in terrestrial dryland ecosystems under altered water availability and climate change","docAbstract":"Species interactions play key roles in linking the responses of populations, communities, and ecosystems to environmental change. For instance, species interactions are an important determinant of the complexity of changes in trophic biomass with variation in resources. Water resources are a major driver of terrestrial ecology and climate change is expected to greatly alter the distribution of this critical resource. While previous studies have documented strong effects of global environmental change on species interactions in general, responses can vary from region to region. Dryland ecosystems occupy more than one-third of the Earth's land mass, are greatly affected by changes in water availability, and are predicted to be hotspots of climate change. Thus, it is imperative to understand the effects of environmental change on these globally significant ecosystems.  Here, we review studies of the responses of population-level plant-plant, plant-herbivore, and predator-prey interactions to changes in water availability in dryland environments in order to develop new hypotheses and predictions to guide future research. To help explain patterns of interaction outcomes, we developed a conceptual model that views interaction outcomes as shifting between (1) competition and facilitation (plant-plant), (2) herbivory, neutralism, or mutualism (plant-herbivore), or (3) neutralism and predation (predator-prey), as water availability crosses physiological, behavioural, or population-density thresholds. We link our conceptual model to hypothetical scenarios of current and future water availability to make testable predictions about the influence of changes in water availability on species interactions. We also examine potential implications of our conceptual model for the relative importance of top-down effects and the linearity of patterns of change in trophic biomass with changes in water availability. Finally, we highlight key research needs and some possible broader impacts of our findings. Overall, we hope to stimulate and guide future research that links changes in water availability to patterns of species interactions and the dynamics of populations and communities in dryland ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1469-185X.2011.00209.x","usgsCitation":"McCluney, K.E., Belnap, J., Collins, S., Gonzalez, A.L., Hagen, E.M., Holland, J.N., Kotler, B.P., Maestre, F.T., Smith, S., and Wolf, B.O., 2012, Shifting species interactions in terrestrial dryland ecosystems under altered water availability and climate change: Biological Reviews, v. 87, no. 3, p. 563-582, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.2011.00209.x.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"563","endPage":"582","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-022117","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://americanae.aecid.es/americanae/es/registros/registro.do?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=3304283","text":"External Repository"},{"id":271658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271657,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.2011.00209.x"}],"country":"United States","volume":"87","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180e7ece4b0df838b924da7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCluney, Kevin E.","contributorId":10310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCluney","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, Scott L.","contributorId":71307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Scott L.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":471413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gonzalez, Angelica L.","contributorId":29717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Angelica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hagen, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":17115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagen","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holland, J. Nathaniel","contributorId":49912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Nathaniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kotler, Burt P.","contributorId":17508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kotler","given":"Burt","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Maestre, Fernando T.","contributorId":62450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maestre","given":"Fernando","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smith, Stanley D.","contributorId":83417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Stanley D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wolf, Blair O.","contributorId":103950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"Blair","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70138020,"text":"70138020 - 2012 - In situ determination of flocculated suspended material settling velocities and characteristics using a floc camera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-23T16:04:14","indexId":"70138020","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"In situ determination of flocculated suspended material settling velocities and characteristics using a floc camera","docAbstract":"<p>Estimates of suspended sediment settling are necessary for numerical sediment models, water quality studies, and rehabilitation of coastal ecosystems. Settling of cohesive sediment, which is common in estuaries, is more difficult to quantify than noncohesive sediment because of flocculation. Flocs are composed of an aggregation of finer silts, clays, and organic material. Floc characteristics, such as the diameter, density, porosity, and water content determine floc settling velocities. A floc camera provides the ability to capture the settling velocities and other desired characteristics of individual flocs in situ. Water samples taken using a Van Dorn sampler are immediately subsampled using a pipette and transferred to the floc camera. The Perspex settling column is outfitted with a LED backlighting to distinguish flocs. The floc camera&rsquo;s high pixel and temporal resolution allows image analysis software to detect individual flocs and process floc statistics per image. Observed changes in floc location with respect to time presents a way of calculating settling velocities. This work presents results of validation tests with known sediment size distributions and of deployment of the camera during a field study.</p>","conferenceTitle":"Hydraulic Measurement and Experimental Methods Conference","conferenceDate":"12-15 August 2012","conferenceLocation":"Utah, USA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","usgsCitation":"Schoellhamer, D., Haught, D., and Manning, A., 2012, In situ determination of flocculated suspended material settling velocities and characteristics using a floc camera, Hydraulic Measurement and Experimental Methods Conference, Utah, USA, 12-15 August 2012, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037190","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a30e4b00162522207d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haught, Dan","contributorId":149407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haught","given":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manning, Andrew","contributorId":149408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039616,"text":"70039616 - 2012 - Sinks for nitrogen inputs in terrestrial ecosystems: a meta-analysis of <sup>15</sup>N tracer field studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-17T01:01:55","indexId":"70039616","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-14T12:44:06","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sinks for nitrogen inputs in terrestrial ecosystems: a meta-analysis of <sup>15</sup>N tracer field studies","docAbstract":"Effects of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition and the ability of terrestrial ecosystems to store carbon (C) depend in part on the amount of N retained in the system and its partitioning among plant and soil pools. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies at 48 sites across four continents that used enriched <sup>15</sup>N isotope tracers in order to synthesize information about total ecosystem N retention (i.e., total ecosystem <sup>15</sup>N recovery in plant and soil pools) across natural systems and N partitioning among ecosystem pools. The greatest recoveries of ecosystem <sup>15</sup>N tracer occurred in shrublands (mean, 89.5%) and wetlands (84.8%) followed by forests (74.9%) and grasslands (51.8%). In the short term (<1 week after <sup>15</sup>N tracer application), total ecosystem <sup>15</sup>N recovery was negatively correlated with fine-root and soil <sup>15</sup>N natural abundance, and organic soil C and N concentration but was positively correlated with mean annual temperature and mineral soil C:N. In the longer term (3&ndash;18 months after <sup>15</sup>N tracer application), total ecosystem <sup>15</sup>N retention was negatively correlated with foliar natural-abundance <sup>15</sup>N but was positively correlated with mineral soil C and N concentration and C: N, showing that plant and soil natural-abundance <sup>15</sup>N and soil C:N are good indicators of total ecosystem N retention. Foliar N concentration was not significantly related to ecosystem <sup>15</sup>N tracer recovery, suggesting that plant N status is not a good predictor of total ecosystem N retention. Because the largest ecosystem sinks for <sup>15</sup>N tracer were below ground in forests, shrublands, and grasslands, we conclude that growth enhancement and potential for increased C storage in aboveground biomass from atmospheric N deposition is likely to be modest in these ecosystems. Total ecosystem <sup>15</sup>N recovery decreased with N fertilization, with an apparent threshold fertilization rate of 46 kg N&middot;ha<sup>-1</sup>&middot;yr<sup>-1</sup> above which most ecosystems showed net losses of applied <sup>15</sup>N tracer in response to N fertilizer addition.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ESA","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/11-1146.1","usgsCitation":"Templer, P., Mack, M., Chapin, F.S., Christenson, L., Compton, J., Crook, H., Currie, W., Curtis, C., Dail, D., D’Antonio, C.M., Emmett, B., Epstein, H., Goodale, C., Gundersen, P., Hobbie, S., Holland, K., Hooper, D., Hungate, B., Lamontagne, S., Nadelhoffer, K., Osenberg, C., Perakis, S., Schleppi, P., Schimel, J., Schmidt, I., Sommerkorn, M., Spoelstra, J., Tietema, A., Wessel, W., and Zak, D., 2012, Sinks for nitrogen inputs in terrestrial ecosystems: a meta-analysis of <sup>15</sup>N tracer field studies: Ecology, v. 93, no. 8, p. 1816-1829, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1146.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1816","endPage":"1829","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474378,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1146.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":259667,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-1146.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90e9e4b08c986b3196d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Templer, P.H.","contributorId":6310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Templer","given":"P.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mack, M.C.","contributorId":87238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chapin, F. S. III","contributorId":16776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapin","given":"F.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christenson, L.M.","contributorId":106364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christenson","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Compton, J.E.","contributorId":57430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Compton","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crook, H.D.","contributorId":6311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crook","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Currie, W.S.","contributorId":75369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Currie","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Curtis, C.J.","contributorId":33163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dail, D.B.","contributorId":95322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dail","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"D’Antonio, C. M.","contributorId":90419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Antonio","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Emmett, B.A.","contributorId":7958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmett","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Epstein, H.E.","contributorId":44736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Goodale, C.L.","contributorId":100677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodale","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Gundersen, P.","contributorId":19020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gundersen","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Hobbie, S.E.","contributorId":26103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobbie","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Holland, K.","contributorId":56904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Hooper, D.U.","contributorId":41782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"D.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Hungate, B.A.","contributorId":87014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hungate","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Lamontagne, S.","contributorId":35582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamontagne","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Nadelhoffer, K.J.","contributorId":66111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nadelhoffer","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Osenberg, C.W.","contributorId":78597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osenberg","given":"C.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Perakis, S.S.","contributorId":82039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Schleppi, P.","contributorId":13853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schleppi","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Schimel, J.","contributorId":50336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schimel","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Schmidt, I.K.","contributorId":14684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"I.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Sommerkorn, M.","contributorId":26183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sommerkorn","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Spoelstra, J.","contributorId":59669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spoelstra","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Tietema, A.","contributorId":32771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tietema","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Wessel, W.W.","contributorId":90974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wessel","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Zak, D.R.","contributorId":55625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zak","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30}]}}
,{"id":70039494,"text":"ds691 - 2012 - Bioclimatic predictors for supporting ecological applications in the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T16:11:20","indexId":"ds691","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"691","title":"Bioclimatic predictors for supporting ecological applications in the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed climate indices, referred to as bioclimatic predictors, which highlight climate conditions best related to species physiology. A set of 20 bioclimatic predictors were developed as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) continuous raster surfaces for each year between 1895 and 2009. The Parameter-elevation Regression on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) and down-scaled PRISM data, which included both averaged multi-year and averaged monthly climate summaries, was used to develop these multi-scale bioclimatic predictors. Bioclimatic predictors capture information about annual conditions (annual mean temperature, annual precipitation, annual range in temperature and precipitation), as well as seasonal mean climate conditions and intra-year seasonality (temperature of the coldest and warmest months, precipitation of the wettest and driest quarters). Examining climate over time is useful when quantifying the effects of climate changes on species' distributions for past, current, and forecasted scenarios. These data, which have not been readily available to scientists, can provide biologists and ecologists with relevant and multi-scaled climate data to augment research on the responses of species to changing climate conditions. The relationships established between species demographics and distributions with bioclimatic predictors can inform land managers of climatic effects on species during decisionmaking processes.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds691","usgsCitation":"O’Donnel, M.S., and Ignizio, D., 2012, Bioclimatic predictors for supporting ecological applications in the conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 691, iv, 10 p.; Download Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds691.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.; Download Data","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_691.gif"},{"id":259596,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/691/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259597,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/691/ds691.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.38333333333333 ], [ -66.95,49.38333333333333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f144e4b0c8380cd4ab37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Donnel, Michael S.","contributorId":100682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnel","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ignizio, Drew A. 0000-0001-8054-5139 dignizio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-5139","contributorId":4822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ignizio","given":"Drew A.","email":"dignizio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":466363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039595,"text":"fs20123108 - 2012 - Assessment of potential additions to conventional oil and gas resources in discovered fields of the United States from reserve growth, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-15T01:02:00","indexId":"fs20123108","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3108","title":"Assessment of potential additions to conventional oil and gas resources in discovered fields of the United States from reserve growth, 2012","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey estimated volumes of technically recoverable, conventional petroleum resources that have the potential to be added to reserves from reserve growth in 70 discovered oil and gas accumulations of the United States, excluding Federal offshore areas. The mean estimated volumes are 32 billion barrels of crude oil, 291 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, and 10 billion barrels of natural gas liquids.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123108","collaboration":"Reserve-Growth Assessment Project","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Reserve Growth Assessment Team, 2012, Assessment of potential additions to conventional oil and gas resources in discovered fields of the United States from reserve growth, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3108, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123108.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259599,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3108/FS12-3108.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259598,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3108/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3108.gif"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173,16.916666666666668 ], [ 173,71.83333333333333 ], [ -66.95,71.83333333333333 ], [ -66.95,16.916666666666668 ], [ 173,16.916666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee49e4b0c8380cd49c91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey Reserve Growth Assessment Team","contributorId":127919,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey Reserve Growth Assessment Team","id":535385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039581,"text":"ds705 - 2012 - Mercury bioaccumulation studies in the National Water-Quality Assessment Program--biological data from New York and South Carolina, 2005-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-02T12:06:47","indexId":"ds705","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"705","title":"Mercury bioaccumulation studies in the National Water-Quality Assessment Program--biological data from New York and South Carolina, 2005-2009","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program conducted a multidisciplinary study from 2005&ndash;09 to investigate the bioaccumulation of mercury in streams from two contrasting environmental settings. Study areas were located in the central Adirondack Mountains region of New York and the Inner Coastal Plain of South Carolina. Fish, macroinvertebrates, periphyton (attached algae and associated material), detritus, and terrestrial leaf litter were collected. Fish were analyzed for total mercury; macroinvertebrates, periphyton, and terrestrial leaf litter were analyzed for total mercury and methylmercury; and select samples of fish, macroinvertebrates, periphyton, detritus, and terrestrial leaf litter were analyzed for stable isotopes of carbon (&delta;13C) and nitrogen (&delta;15N). This report presents methodology and data on total mercury, methylmercury, stable isotopes, and other ecologically relevant measurements in biological tissues.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds705","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Beaulieu, K., Button, D.T., Eikenberry, B.C., Riva-Murray, K., Chasar, L.C., Bradley, P.M., and Burns, D.A., 2012, Mercury bioaccumulation studies in the National Water-Quality Assessment Program--biological data from New York and South Carolina, 2005-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 705, vi, 13 p.; maps (col.); XLS Downloads of Appendices 1-13, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds705.","productDescription":"vi, 13 p.; maps (col.); XLS Downloads of Appendices 1-13","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_705.gif"},{"id":259588,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/705/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259589,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/705/pdf/ds705_report_508.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Upper Hudson River Basin, Edisto River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-74.144428,40.53516],[-74.219787,40.502603],[-74.246688,40.496103],[-74.254588,40.502303],[-74.252702,40.513895],[-74.242888,40.520903],[-74.247808,40.543396],[-74.210887,40.560902],[-74.204054,40.589336],[-74.195407,40.601806],[-74.20058,40.631448],[-74.1894,40.642121],[-74.174085,40.645109],[-74.152973,40.638886],[-74.075884,40.648101],[-74.0697,40.641216],[-74.067598,40.623865],[-74.053125,40.603678],[-74.059184,40.593502],[-74.111471,40.546908],[-74.137241,40.530076],[-74.144428,40.53516]]],[[[-72.132225,41.104387],[-72.126704,41.115139],[-72.084207,41.101524],[-72.081167,41.09394],[-72.086975,41.058292],[-72.095711,41.05402],[-72.097136,41.075844],[-72.1064,41.088883],[-72.141921,41.094371],[-72.140737,41.100835],[-72.132225,41.104387]]],[[[-71.943563,41.286675],[-71.926802,41.290122],[-71.935259,41.280579],[-72.002461,41.252867],[-72.036846,41.249794],[-72.018926,41.274114],[-71.943563,41.286675]]],[[[-73.767176,40.886299],[-73.766276,40.881099],[-73.775276,40.882199],[-73.767176,40.886299]]],[[[-73.773361,40.859449],[-73.766333,40.857317],[-73.766032,40.844961],[-73.773038,40.848125],[-73.773361,40.859449]]],[[[-74.027392,44.995765],[-73.343124,45.01084],[-73.354633,44.987352],[-73.338734,44.965886],[-73.338979,44.917681],[-73.35808,44.901325],[-73.381359,44.845021],[-73.371329,44.830742],[-73.335443,44.804602],[-73.333154,44.788759],[-73.365561,44.741786],[-73.36556,44.700297],[-73.361323,44.695369],[-73.370142,44.684853],[-73.369669,44.663478],[-73.379074,44.656772],[-73.383157,44.645764],[-73.378561,44.641475],[-73.386783,44.636369],[-73.38982,44.61721],[-73.376849,44.599598],[-73.38164,44.590583],[-73.374389,44.575455],[-73.338751,44.548046],[-73.322026,44.525289],[-73.320836,44.513631],[-73.306707,44.500334],[-73.293613,44.440559],[-73.315016,44.388513],[-73.333575,44.372288],[-73.334939,44.364441],[-73.323997,44.333842],[-73.324229,44.310023],[-73.312299,44.280025],[-73.312852,44.265346],[-73.323596,44.243897],[-73.34323,44.238049],[-73.361476,44.210374],[-73.390583,44.190886],[-73.402381,44.145856],[-73.415761,44.132826],[-73.411316,44.112686],[-73.429239,44.079414],[-73.43774,44.045006],[-73.407739,44.021312],[-73.412613,43.97998],[-73.406823,43.967317],[-73.408589,43.932933],[-73.395878,43.903044],[-73.374051,43.875563],[-73.382046,43.855008],[-73.372247,43.845337],[-73.388389,43.832404],[-73.392751,43.822196],[-73.377232,43.800565],[-73.357547,43.785933],[-73.350593,43.771939],[-73.369725,43.744274],[-73.370612,43.725329],[-73.404739,43.690213],[-73.415513,43.65245],[-73.426463,43.642598],[-73.428583,43.636543],[-73.417827,43.620586],[-73.431229,43.588285],[-73.395767,43.568087],[-73.382549,43.579193],[-73.383446,43.596778],[-73.373443,43.603292],[-73.372486,43.622751],[-73.304125,43.627057],[-73.300285,43.610806],[-73.292232,43.60255],[-73.295344,43.580235],[-73.258631,43.564949],[-73.248641,43.553857],[-73.250132,43.543429],[-73.24139,43.532345],[-73.247698,43.523173],[-73.278673,42.83341],[-73.284311,42.834954],[-73.28375,42.813864],[-73.290944,42.80192],[-73.276421,42.746019],[-73.264957,42.74594],[-73.508142,42.086257],[-73.496879,42.049675],[-73.487314,42.049638],[-73.489615,42.000092],[-73.550961,41.295422],[-73.482709,41.21276],[-73.727775,41.100696],[-73.655371,41.012797],[-73.659671,40.987909],[-73.655972,40.979597],[-73.662072,40.966198],[-73.678073,40.962798],[-73.686473,40.945198],[-73.756776,40.912599],[-73.784803,40.878528],[-73.788786,40.858485],[-73.781206,40.838891],[-73.788221,40.842036],[-73.792253,40.855825],[-73.799543,40.848027],[-73.81281,40.846737],[-73.815205,40.831075],[-73.781369,40.794907],[-73.776032,40.795275],[-73.728275,40.8529],[-73.730675,40.8654],[-73.713674,40.870099],[-73.675573,40.856999],[-73.655872,40.863899],[-73.654372,40.878199],[-73.633771,40.898198],[-73.617571,40.897898],[-73.569969,40.915398],[-73.548068,40.908698],[-73.514999,40.912821],[-73.499941,40.918166],[-73.491765,40.942097],[-73.485365,40.946397],[-73.437509,40.934985],[-73.429863,40.929797],[-73.428836,40.921506],[-73.406074,40.920235],[-73.400862,40.953997],[-73.392862,40.955297],[-73.374462,40.937597],[-73.352761,40.926697],[-73.33136,40.929597],[-73.295061,40.924497],[-73.229285,40.905121],[-73.148994,40.928898],[-73.140785,40.966178],[-73.110368,40.971938],[-73.081582,40.973058],[-73.043701,40.962185],[-72.995931,40.966498],[-72.88825,40.962962],[-72.826057,40.969794],[-72.774104,40.965314],[-72.760031,40.975334],[-72.714425,40.985596],[-72.585327,40.997587],[-72.521548,41.037652],[-72.477306,41.052212],[-72.445242,41.086116],[-72.417945,41.087955],[-72.397,41.096307],[-72.356087,41.133635],[-72.322381,41.140664],[-72.278789,41.158722],[-72.2681,41.154146],[-72.245348,41.161217],[-72.237731,41.156434],[-72.265124,41.128482],[-72.300374,41.112274],[-72.300044,41.132059],[-72.306381,41.13784],[-72.32663,41.132162],[-72.335271,41.120274],[-72.335177,41.106917],[-72.317238,41.088659],[-72.280373,41.080402],[-72.276709,41.076722],[-72.283093,41.067874],[-72.273657,41.051533],[-72.260515,41.042065],[-72.229364,41.044355],[-72.201859,41.032275],[-72.190563,41.032579],[-72.162898,41.053187],[-72.153857,41.051859],[-72.137297,41.039684],[-72.137409,41.023908],[-72.116368,40.999796],[-72.10216,40.991509],[-72.083039,40.996453],[-72.076175,41.009093],[-72.051585,41.006437],[-72.051928,41.020506],[-72.047468,41.022565],[-72.035792,41.020759],[-71.99926,41.039669],[-71.96704,41.047772],[-71.961078,41.054277],[-71.959595,41.071237],[-71.93825,41.077413],[-71.899256,41.080837],[-71.857494,41.073558],[-71.87391,41.052278],[-72.114448,40.972085],[-72.39585,40.86666],[-72.863164,40.732962],[-73.054963,40.666371],[-73.262106,40.621476],[-73.306396,40.620756],[-73.319257,40.635795],[-73.450369,40.603501],[-73.562372,40.583703],[-73.610873,40.587703],[-73.646674,40.582804],[-73.754776,40.584404],[-73.753349,40.59056],[-73.774928,40.590759],[-73.934512,40.545175],[-73.932729,40.560266],[-73.95005,40.573363],[-73.991346,40.57035],[-74.012022,40.574528],[-74.003281,40.595754],[-74.032856,40.604421],[-74.042412,40.624847],[-74.032066,40.646479],[-74.018272,40.659019],[-74.024827,40.687007],[-74.0168,40.701794],[-74.024543,40.709436],[-74.013784,40.756601],[-73.963182,40.8269],[-73.929006,40.889578],[-73.893979,40.997197],[-73.907054,40.998476],[-74.301994,41.172594],[-74.694914,41.357423],[-74.691129,41.367324],[-74.708458,41.378901],[-74.715979,41.392584],[-74.738554,41.401191],[-74.741717,41.40788],[-74.734893,41.425818],[-74.740932,41.43116],[-74.758587,41.423287],[-74.773239,41.426352],[-74.790417,41.42166],[-74.805655,41.442101],[-74.817995,41.440505],[-74.828592,41.430698],[-74.858578,41.444427],[-74.893913,41.43893],[-74.890358,41.455324],[-74.906887,41.461131],[-74.912517,41.475605],[-74.941798,41.483542],[-74.956411,41.476735],[-74.981652,41.479945],[-74.984372,41.506611],[-75.003151,41.508101],[-75.00385,41.524052],[-75.024757,41.535099],[-75.017626,41.542734],[-75.018524,41.551802],[-75.074613,41.605711],[-75.059725,41.610801],[-75.060098,41.617482],[-75.045508,41.616203],[-75.043562,41.62364],[-75.04992,41.662556],[-75.059332,41.67232],[-75.052653,41.678436],[-75.052736,41.688393],[-75.06883,41.708161],[-75.06663,41.712588],[-75.049862,41.713309],[-75.053431,41.752538],[-75.060759,41.764638],[-75.075942,41.771518],[-75.095451,41.768366],[-75.10464,41.774203],[-75.102329,41.786503],[-75.092876,41.796386],[-75.07827,41.797467],[-75.071751,41.811901],[-75.089484,41.811576],[-75.113334,41.822782],[-75.113369,41.840698],[-75.118789,41.845819],[-75.130983,41.845145],[-75.140241,41.852078],[-75.161541,41.849836],[-75.169142,41.87029],[-75.174574,41.87266],[-75.185254,41.85993],[-75.204002,41.869867],[-75.21497,41.867449],[-75.223734,41.857456],[-75.241134,41.867118],[-75.260527,41.8638],[-75.260623,41.883783],[-75.271292,41.88736],[-75.267562,41.907054],[-75.279094,41.938917],[-75.289383,41.942891],[-75.293713,41.954593],[-75.303966,41.948216],[-75.312817,41.950182],[-75.329318,41.968232],[-75.342204,41.972872],[-75.337791,41.984386],[-75.341125,41.992772],[-75.359579,41.999445],[-79.761374,41.999067],[-79.761951,42.26986],[-79.645358,42.315631],[-79.453533,42.411157],[-79.405458,42.453281],[-79.351989,42.48892],[-79.331483,42.489076],[-79.31774,42.499884],[-79.242889,42.531757],[-79.148723,42.553672],[-79.111361,42.613358],[-79.078761,42.640058],[-79.06376,42.644758],[-79.062261,42.668358],[-79.04886,42.689158],[-79.01886,42.701558],[-78.991159,42.705358],[-78.944158,42.731958],[-78.918157,42.737258],[-78.853455,42.783958],[-78.851355,42.791758],[-78.863656,42.813058],[-78.865656,42.826758],[-78.859456,42.841358],[-78.865592,42.852358],[-78.872227,42.853306],[-78.891655,42.884845],[-78.912458,42.886557],[-78.905758,42.899957],[-78.905659,42.923357],[-78.918859,42.946857],[-78.93236,42.955857],[-78.961761,42.957756],[-79.011563,42.985256],[-79.019964,42.994756],[-79.02092,43.014287],[-79.005164,43.047056],[-79.01053,43.064389],[-79.074467,43.077855],[-79.060281,43.105086],[-79.062518,43.120182],[-79.042366,43.143655],[-79.053067,43.173655],[-79.055868,43.238554],[-79.070469,43.262454],[-78.971866,43.281254],[-78.836261,43.318455],[-78.696856,43.341255],[-78.634346,43.357624],[-78.488857,43.374763],[-78.473099,43.370812],[-78.370221,43.376505],[-78.233609,43.36907],[-78.104509,43.375628],[-78.023609,43.366575],[-77.965238,43.368059],[-77.875335,43.34966],[-77.797381,43.339857],[-77.760231,43.341161],[-77.714129,43.323561],[-77.701429,43.308261],[-77.660359,43.282998],[-77.577223,43.243263],[-77.534184,43.234569],[-77.50092,43.250363],[-77.436831,43.265701],[-77.341092,43.280661],[-77.264177,43.277363],[-77.111866,43.287945],[-77.033875,43.271218],[-76.988445,43.2745],[-76.958402,43.270005],[-76.904288,43.291816],[-76.877397,43.292926],[-76.841675,43.305399],[-76.794708,43.309632],[-76.769025,43.318452],[-76.731039,43.343421],[-76.69836,43.344436],[-76.684856,43.352691],[-76.630774,43.413356],[-76.521999,43.468617],[-76.486962,43.47535],[-76.472498,43.492781],[-76.417581,43.521285],[-76.368849,43.525822],[-76.345492,43.513437],[-76.297103,43.51287],[-76.228701,43.532987],[-76.209853,43.560136],[-76.199138,43.600454],[-76.196596,43.649761],[-76.213205,43.753513],[-76.229268,43.804135],[-76.250135,43.825713],[-76.283307,43.843923],[-76.28272,43.858601],[-76.261584,43.873278],[-76.243384,43.877975],[-76.202257,43.864898],[-76.158249,43.887542],[-76.133267,43.892975],[-76.127285,43.897889],[-76.125023,43.912773],[-76.139086,43.962111],[-76.169802,43.962202],[-76.22805,43.982737],[-76.244439,43.975803],[-76.264294,43.978009],[-76.268706,43.980846],[-76.269672,44.001148],[-76.298962,44.017719],[-76.300532,44.057188],[-76.360306,44.070907],[-76.366972,44.100409],[-76.363835,44.111696],[-76.355679,44.133258],[-76.312647,44.199044],[-76.245487,44.203669],[-76.206777,44.214543],[-76.164265,44.239603],[-76.161833,44.280777],[-76.130884,44.296635],[-76.097351,44.299547],[-76.045228,44.331724],[-76.000998,44.347534],[-75.970185,44.342835],[-75.912985,44.368084],[-75.82083,44.432244],[-75.807778,44.471644],[-75.76623,44.515851],[-75.505903,44.705081],[-75.423943,44.756329],[-75.413885,44.76889],[-75.372347,44.78311],[-75.346527,44.805563],[-75.333744,44.806378],[-75.306487,44.826144],[-75.30763,44.836813],[-75.241303,44.866958],[-75.142958,44.900237],[-75.133977,44.911838],[-75.096659,44.927067],[-75.066245,44.930174],[-75.027125,44.946568],[-75.005155,44.958402],[-74.992756,44.977449],[-74.972463,44.983402],[-74.907956,44.983359],[-74.887837,45.000046],[-74.861927,45.002771],[-74.826578,45.01585],[-74.793148,45.004647],[-74.768749,45.003893],[-74.760215,44.994946],[-74.74464,44.990577],[-74.731301,44.990422],[-74.702018,45.003322],[-74.335184,44.991905],[-74.027392,44.995765]]],[[[-79.290754,33.110051],[-79.329909,33.089986],[-79.339313,33.050336],[-79.359961,33.006672],[-79.403712,33.003903],[-79.416515,33.006815],[-79.423447,33.015085],[-79.483499,33.001265],[-79.488727,33.015832],[-79.506923,33.032813],[-79.522449,33.03535],[-79.580725,33.006447],[-79.58659,32.991334],[-79.606615,32.972248],[-79.617715,32.94487],[-79.606194,32.925953],[-79.585897,32.926461],[-79.572614,32.933885],[-79.569762,32.926692],[-79.576006,32.906235],[-79.631149,32.888606],[-79.695141,32.850398],[-79.702956,32.835781],[-79.719879,32.825796],[-79.716761,32.813627],[-79.726389,32.805996],[-79.811021,32.77696],[-79.818237,32.766352],[-79.84035,32.756816],[-79.866742,32.757422],[-79.873605,32.745657],[-79.870336,32.727777],[-79.888028,32.695177],[-79.884961,32.684402],[-79.915682,32.664915],[-79.975248,32.639537],[-79.999374,32.611851],[-80.077039,32.603319],[-80.121368,32.590523],[-80.148406,32.578479],[-80.167286,32.559885],[-80.171764,32.546118],[-80.20523,32.555547],[-80.277681,32.516161],[-80.332438,32.478104],[-80.338354,32.47873],[-80.343883,32.490795],[-80.363956,32.496098],[-80.392561,32.475332],[-80.413487,32.470672],[-80.423454,32.497989],[-80.439407,32.503472],[-80.452078,32.497286],[-80.472068,32.496964],[-80.484617,32.460976],[-80.480156,32.447048],[-80.467588,32.425259],[-80.446075,32.423721],[-80.429941,32.401782],[-80.434303,32.375193],[-80.456814,32.336884],[-80.455192,32.326458],[-80.545688,32.282076],[-80.571096,32.273278],[-80.596394,32.273549],[-80.618286,32.260183],[-80.658634,32.248638],[-80.669166,32.216783],[-80.688857,32.200971],[-80.721463,32.160427],[-80.749091,32.140137],[-80.812503,32.109746],[-80.831531,32.112709],[-80.858735,32.099581],[-80.905378,32.051943],[-80.885517,32.0346],[-80.922794,32.039151],[-80.954482,32.068622],[-80.983133,32.079609],[-81.002297,32.100048],[-81.011961,32.100176],[-81.032674,32.08545],[-81.060442,32.087503],[-81.088234,32.10395],[-81.091498,32.110782],[-81.111134,32.112005],[-81.117234,32.117605],[-81.122034,32.161803],[-81.129402,32.166922],[-81.119361,32.177142],[-81.118234,32.189201],[-81.156587,32.24391],[-81.145834,32.263397],[-81.119633,32.287596],[-81.122333,32.305395],[-81.137633,32.328194],[-81.133632,32.341293],[-81.144032,32.351093],[-81.154812,32.346412],[-81.170126,32.361318],[-81.168722,32.367544],[-81.181072,32.380398],[-81.177231,32.39169],[-81.20513,32.423788],[-81.20843,32.435987],[-81.188129,32.465386],[-81.200029,32.467985],[-81.233585,32.498488],[-81.238728,32.508896],[-81.23466,32.51627],[-81.252882,32.51833],[-81.277131,32.535417],[-81.274927,32.544158],[-81.281298,32.55644],[-81.29676,32.562648],[-81.328753,32.561228],[-81.366964,32.577059],[-81.368982,32.590025],[-81.379216,32.589022],[-81.389261,32.595383],[-81.41866,32.629392],[-81.414761,32.63744],[-81.40933,32.631096],[-81.402846,32.63621],[-81.405109,32.64269],[-81.393033,32.651543],[-81.407193,32.660519],[-81.401029,32.677494],[-81.40831,32.694908],[-81.4131,32.692648],[-81.426735,32.700867],[-81.410281,32.744653],[-81.426481,32.770291],[-81.421128,32.778039],[-81.429017,32.785505],[-81.417984,32.818196],[-81.426475,32.840773],[-81.442671,32.850107],[-81.452573,32.84795],[-81.452883,32.872964],[-81.479445,32.881082],[-81.465924,32.899889],[-81.479184,32.905638],[-81.483198,32.921802],[-81.502427,32.935353],[-81.499566,32.943722],[-81.508536,32.957156],[-81.49983,32.963816],[-81.491419,33.008078],[-81.511245,33.027786],[-81.538789,33.039185],[-81.544258,33.046905],[-81.557013,33.0451],[-81.560502,33.055207],[-81.57288,33.05418],[-81.588539,33.07085],[-81.599248,33.071813],[-81.600211,33.083966],[-81.609837,33.082161],[-81.614298,33.094661],[-81.646433,33.094552],[-81.658433,33.103152],[-81.703134,33.116151],[-81.743835,33.14145],[-81.763135,33.159449],[-81.772435,33.180449],[-81.756935,33.197848],[-81.767635,33.215747],[-81.778435,33.221847],[-81.777535,33.211347],[-81.784535,33.208147],[-81.805236,33.211447],[-81.809636,33.222647],[-81.827936,33.228746],[-81.851979,33.247382],[-81.847336,33.266345],[-81.840078,33.26704],[-81.838257,33.272975],[-81.863236,33.288844],[-81.861536,33.297944],[-81.849636,33.299544],[-81.847296,33.306783],[-81.867936,33.314043],[-81.875836,33.307443],[-81.884137,33.310443],[-81.900301,33.331117],[-81.909285,33.324181],[-81.918337,33.332842],[-81.917973,33.34159],[-81.939737,33.344941],[-81.934837,33.356041],[-81.946337,33.37064],[-81.930634,33.368165],[-81.924837,33.37414],[-81.936961,33.404197],[-81.920121,33.410753],[-81.926789,33.426576],[-81.913356,33.437418],[-81.926336,33.462937],[-81.985938,33.486536],[-82.001338,33.520135],[-82.046335,33.56383],[-82.094128,33.582742],[-82.10624,33.595637],[-82.12908,33.589925],[-82.142872,33.594278],[-82.156288,33.60863],[-82.186154,33.62088],[-82.196583,33.630582],[-82.200718,33.66464],[-82.234576,33.700216],[-82.247472,33.752591],[-82.285804,33.780058],[-82.298286,33.783518],[-82.29928,33.798939],[-82.32448,33.820033],[-82.403881,33.865477],[-82.422803,33.863754],[-82.455105,33.88165],[-82.492929,33.909754],[-82.50764,33.931456],[-82.524515,33.94336],[-82.543128,33.940949],[-82.556835,33.945353],[-82.579576,33.979761],[-82.575351,33.990904],[-82.589245,34.000118],[-82.594555,34.028717],[-82.626963,34.063457],[-82.64398,34.072237],[-82.641553,34.092212],[-82.658561,34.103118],[-82.67732,34.131657],[-82.717507,34.150504],[-82.74238,34.213766],[-82.746656,34.266407],[-82.780308,34.296701],[-82.794054,34.339772],[-82.833702,34.364242],[-82.860707,34.457428],[-82.875463,34.463503],[-82.876864,34.475303],[-82.902665,34.485902],[-82.922866,34.481402],[-82.940867,34.486102],[-82.954667,34.477302],[-82.979568,34.482702],[-83.002924,34.472132],[-83.043771,34.488816],[-83.054463,34.50289],[-83.069451,34.502131],[-83.087189,34.515939],[-83.077995,34.523746],[-83.084855,34.530967],[-83.102179,34.532179],[-83.122901,34.560129],[-83.152577,34.578299],[-83.154577,34.588198],[-83.170278,34.592398],[-83.169994,34.605444],[-83.23178,34.611297],[-83.243381,34.617997],[-83.240676,34.624307],[-83.255281,34.637696],[-83.292883,34.654196],[-83.304641,34.669561],[-83.314394,34.668944],[-83.321463,34.677543],[-83.33869,34.682002],[-83.349975,34.699155],[-83.353238,34.728648],[-83.320062,34.759616],[-83.323866,34.789712],[-83.301182,34.804008],[-83.301368,34.814154],[-83.294292,34.814725],[-83.29112,34.822508],[-83.275656,34.816862],[-83.268159,34.821393],[-83.267656,34.845289],[-83.255718,34.845592],[-83.239081,34.875661],[-83.213323,34.882796],[-83.205627,34.880142],[-83.201183,34.884653],[-83.203351,34.893717],[-83.186541,34.899534],[-83.153253,34.926342],[-83.140621,34.924915],[-83.122585,34.938062],[-83.127035,34.953778],[-83.106991,34.98272],[-83.108535,35.000771],[-82.787867,35.085024],[-82.776357,35.081349],[-82.781973,35.066817],[-82.777376,35.064143],[-82.757704,35.068019],[-82.749491,35.078487],[-82.738379,35.079453],[-82.72701,35.094142],[-82.694898,35.098456],[-82.683625,35.125833],[-82.662381,35.118123],[-82.642237,35.129215],[-82.629031,35.126155],[-82.609706,35.139039],[-82.578316,35.142104],[-82.556168,35.151736],[-82.550508,35.159498],[-82.529973,35.155617],[-82.460092,35.178143],[-82.452987,35.17469],[-82.451201,35.16526],[-82.439595,35.165863],[-82.419744,35.198613],[-82.403348,35.204473],[-82.39293,35.215402],[-82.384029,35.210542],[-82.379712,35.186884],[-82.36899,35.181747],[-82.361469,35.190831],[-82.344554,35.193115],[-82.32335,35.184789],[-82.27492,35.200071],[-81.043625,35.149877],[-81.051204,35.133237],[-81.038968,35.126299],[-81.032471,35.110033],[-81.052078,35.096276],[-81.058029,35.07319],[-81.057648,35.062433],[-81.041489,35.044703],[-80.93495,35.107409],[-80.782042,34.935782],[-80.797543,34.819786],[-79.675299,34.804744],[-79.358317,34.545358],[-78.541087,33.851112],[-78.584841,33.844282],[-78.714116,33.800138],[-78.812931,33.743472],[-78.938076,33.639826],[-79.007356,33.566565],[-79.028516,33.533365],[-79.084588,33.483669],[-79.135441,33.403867],[-79.147496,33.378243],[-79.180318,33.254141],[-79.172394,33.206577],[-79.18787,33.173712],[-79.238262,33.137055],[-79.24609,33.124865],[-79.290754,33.110051]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"New York\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a53e8e4b0c8380cd6cdd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beaulieu, Karen M. kmbeauli@usgs.gov","contributorId":2241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaulieu","given":"Karen M.","email":"kmbeauli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Button, Daniel T. 0000-0002-7479-884X dtbutton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7479-884X","contributorId":2084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Button","given":"Daniel","email":"dtbutton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eikenberry, Barbara C. Scudder 0000-0001-8058-1201 beikenberry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8058-1201","contributorId":97389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eikenberry","given":"Barbara","email":"beikenberry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C. Scudder","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Riva-Murray, Karen","contributorId":85650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riva-Murray","given":"Karen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chasar, Lia C.","contributorId":91196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chasar","given":"Lia","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869 daburns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":1237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"daburns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70039588,"text":"ds693 - 2012 - Locations and attributes of utility-scale solar power facilities in Colorado and New Mexico, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T15:53:52","indexId":"ds693","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"693","title":"Locations and attributes of utility-scale solar power facilities in Colorado and New Mexico, 2011","docAbstract":"The data series consists of polygonal boundaries for utility-scale solar power facilities (both photovoltaic and concentrating solar power) located within Colorado and New Mexico as of December 2011. Attributes captured for each facility include the following: facility name, size/production capacity (in MW), type of solar technology employed, location, state, operational status, year the facility came online, and source identification information. Facility locations and perimeters were derived from 1-meter true-color aerial photographs (2011) produced by the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP); the photographs have a positional accuracy of about &plusmn;5 meters (accessed from the NAIP GIS service: http://gis.apfo.usda.gov/arcgis/services). Solar facility perimeters represent the full extent of each solar facility site, unless otherwise noted. When visible, linear features such as fences or road lines were used to delineate the full extent of the solar facility. All related equipment including buildings, power substations, and other associated infrastructure were included within the solar facility. If solar infrastructure was indistinguishable from adjacent infrastructure, or if solar panels were installed on existing building tops, only the solar collecting equipment was digitized. The \"Polygon\" field indicates whether the \"equipment footprint\" or the full \"site outline\" was digitized. The spatial accuracy of features that represent site perimeters or an equipment footprint is estimated at +/- 10 meters. Facilities under construction or not fully visible in the NAIP imagery at the time of digitization (December 2011) are represented by an approximate site outline based on the best available information and documenting materials. The spatial accuracy of these facilities cannot be estimated without more up-to-date imagery &ndash; users are advised to consult more recent imagery as it becomes available. The \"Status\" field provides information about the operational status of each facility as of December 2011. This data series contributes to an Online Interactive Energy Atlas currently in development by the U.S. Geological Survey. The Energy Atlas will synthesize data on existing and potential energy development in Colorado and New Mexico and will include additional natural resource data layers. This information may be used by decision makers to evaluate and compare the potential benefits and tradeoffs associated with different energy development strategies or scenarios. Interactive maps, downloadable data layers, metadata, and decision support tools will be included in the Energy Atlas. The format of the Energy Atlas will facilitate the integration of information about energy with key terrestrial and aquatic resources for evaluating resource values and minimizing risks from energy development activities.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds693","usgsCitation":"Ignizio, D., and Carr, N.B., 2012, Locations and attributes of utility-scale solar power facilities in Colorado and New Mexico, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 693, HTML Document; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds693.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_693.jpg"},{"id":259591,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/693/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;New Mexico","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a492de4b0c8380cd683e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ignizio, Drew A. 0000-0001-8054-5139 dignizio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-5139","contributorId":4822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ignizio","given":"Drew A.","email":"dignizio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":466520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, Natasha B. 0000-0002-4842-0632 carrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4842-0632","contributorId":1918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Natasha","email":"carrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047318,"text":"70047318 - 2012 - Probabilistic prediction of barrier-island response to hurricanes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-31T13:34:56","indexId":"70047318","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-10T13:22:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probabilistic prediction of barrier-island response to hurricanes","docAbstract":"Prediction of barrier-island response to hurricane attack is important for assessing the vulnerability of communities, infrastructure, habitat, and recreational assets to the impacts of storm surge, waves, and erosion. We have demonstrated that a conceptual model intended to make qualitative predictions of the type of beach response to storms (e.g., beach erosion, dune erosion, dune overwash, inundation) can be reformulated in a Bayesian network to make quantitative predictions of the morphologic response. In an application of this approach at Santa Rosa Island, FL, predicted dune-crest elevation changes in response to Hurricane Ivan explained about 20% to 30% of the observed variance. An extended Bayesian network based on the original conceptual model, which included dune elevations, storm surge, and swash, but with the addition of beach and dune widths as input variables, showed improved skill compared to the original model, explaining 70% of dune elevation change variance and about 60% of dune and shoreline position change variance. This probabilistic approach accurately represented prediction uncertainty (measured with the log likelihood ratio), and it outperformed the baseline prediction (i.e., the prior distribution based on the observations). Finally, sensitivity studies demonstrated that degrading the resolution of the Bayesian network or removing data from the calibration process reduced the skill of the predictions by 30% to 40%. The reduction in skill did not change conclusions regarding the relative importance of the input variables, and the extended model's skill always outperformed the original model.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2011JF002326","usgsCitation":"Plant, N.G., and Stockdon, H.F., 2012, Probabilistic prediction of barrier-island response to hurricanes: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 117, no. F3, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JF002326.","productDescription":"17 p.","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-033056","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jf002326","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":275631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275627,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2011JF002326/abstract"},{"id":275630,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JF002326"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.275225,30.170521 ], [ -87.275225,30.535786 ], [ -86.009005,30.535786 ], [ -86.009005,30.170521 ], [ -87.275225,30.170521 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"117","issue":"F3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fa31e6e4b076c3a8d82670","chorus":{"doi":"10.1029/2011jf002326","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011jf002326","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Plant Nathaniel G., Stockdon Hilary F.","journalName":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","publicationDate":"8/10/2012"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stockdon, Hilary F. 0000-0003-0791-4676 hstockdon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-4676","contributorId":2153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockdon","given":"Hilary","email":"hstockdon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039533,"text":"sim3161 - 2012 - Geologic map of the Alley Spring quadrangle, Shannon County, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-15T20:13:03.182674","indexId":"sim3161","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3161","title":"Geologic map of the Alley Spring quadrangle, Shannon County, Missouri","docAbstract":"The Alley Spring 7.5-minute quadrangle is located in south-central Missouri within the Salem Plateau region of the Ozark Plateaus physiographic province. About 1,990 feet (ft) of flat-lying to gently dipping Lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, mostly dolomite, chert, sandstone, and orthoquartzite, overlie Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks. A small exposure of the volcanic rocks exists near the eastern edge of the quadrangle. Unconsolidated residuum, colluvium, terrace deposits, and alluvium overlie the sedimentary rocks. Karst features, such as sinkholes, caves, and springs, have formed in the carbonate rocks. Many streams are spring fed. Alley Spring, the largest karst spring in the quadrangle, has an average discharge of 81 million gallons per day. The topography is a dissected karst plain with elevation ranging from 630 ft where the Jacks Fork River exits the quadrangle to more than 1,140 ft at numerous places in the northern half of the quadrangle. The most prominent physiographic feature is the valley of the Jacks Fork River. Most of the land in the quadrangle is privately owned and used primarily for grazing cattle and horses and growing timber. A large minority of the land within the quadrangle is publicly owned, either by the Missouri State Forests or by the Ozark National Scenic Riverways of the National Park Service. Geologic mapping for this investigation was conducted in 2003 and 2004.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3161","usgsCitation":"Weary, D.J., and Orndorff, R.C., 2012, Geologic map of the Alley Spring quadrangle, Shannon County, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3161, 1 Plate: 55 x 33 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3161.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 55 x 33 inches","costCenters":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3161.jpg"},{"id":259550,"rank":300,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3161/pdf/sim3161_alleyspring_mo.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259551,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3161/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":398867,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_97186.htm"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Polyconic, Universal Transverse Mercator zone 15","datum":"1927 North American datum","country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"Shannon County","otherGeospatial":"Alley Spring quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.5,\n              37.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.375,\n              37.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.375,\n              37.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5,\n              37.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5,\n              37.125\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1aa4e4b0c8380cd55cd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weary, David J. 0000-0002-6115-6397 dweary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-6397","contributorId":545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"David","email":"dweary@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orndorff, Randall C. 0000-0002-8956-5803 rorndorf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-5803","contributorId":2739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Randall","email":"rorndorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039530,"text":"fs20123097 - 2012 - Effects of brush management on the hydrologic budget and water quality in and adjacent to Honey Creek State Natural Area, Comal County, Texas, 2001--10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T08:45:25","indexId":"fs20123097","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3097","title":"Effects of brush management on the hydrologic budget and water quality in and adjacent to Honey Creek State Natural Area, Comal County, Texas, 2001--10","docAbstract":"<p>Woody vegetation, including ashe juniper (<i>Juniperus ashei</i>), has encroached on some areas in central Texas that were historically oak grassland savannah. Encroachment of woody vegetation is generally attributed to overgrazing and fire suppression. Removing the ashe juniper and allowing native grasses to reestablish in the area as a brush management conservation practice (hereinafter referred to as \"brush management\") might change the hydrology in the watershed. These hydrologic changes might include changes to surface-water runoff, evapotranspiration, or groundwater recharge. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with Federal, State, and local partners, examined the hydrologic effects of brush management in two adjacent watersheds in Comal County, Tex. Hydrologic data were collected in the watersheds for 3-4 years (pre-treatment) depending on the type of data, after which brush management occurred on one watershed (treatment watershed) and the other was left in its original condition (reference watershed). Hydrologic data were collected in the study area for another 6 years (post-treatment). These hydrologic data included rainfall, streamflow, evapotranspiration, and water quality. Groundwater recharge was not directly measured, but potential groundwater recharge was calculated by using a simplified mass balance approach. This fact sheet summarizes highlights of the study from the USGS Scientific Investigations Report on which it is based.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123097","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Edwards Region Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative, the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board, the San Antonio River Authority, the Edwards Aquifer Authority, Texas Parks and Wildlife, the Guadalupe Blanco River Authority, and the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Banta, J., and Slattery, R.N., 2012, Effects of brush management on the hydrologic budget and water quality in and adjacent to Honey Creek State Natural Area, Comal County, Texas, 2001--10: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3097, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123097.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2001-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3097.gif"},{"id":259546,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3097/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259547,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3097/pdf/fs2012-3097.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Comal County","otherGeospatial":"Honey Creek State Natural Area","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a069de4b0c8380cd51329","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, J. Ryan 0000-0002-2226-7270","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-7270","contributorId":78863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"J. Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slattery, Richard N. 0000-0002-9141-9776 rnslatte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-9776","contributorId":2471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slattery","given":"Richard","email":"rnslatte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70154882,"text":"70154882 - 2012 - Estimating tag loss of the Atlantic Horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, using a multi-state model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-06T11:15:44","indexId":"70154882","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-09T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Estimating tag loss of the Atlantic Horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, using a multi-state model","docAbstract":"<p>The Atlantic Horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, is a valuable resource along the Mid-Atlantic coast which has, in recent years, experienced new management paradigms due to increased concern about this species role in the environment. While current management actions are underway, many acknowledge the need for improved and updated parameter estimates to reduce the uncertainty within the management models. Specifically, updated and improved estimates of demographic parameters such as adult crab survival in the regional population of interest, Delaware Bay, could greatly enhance these models and improve management decisions. There is however, some concern that difficulties in tag resighting or complete loss of tags could be occurring. As apparent from the assumptions of a Jolly-Seber model, loss of tags can result in a biased estimate and underestimate a survival rate. Given that uncertainty, as a first step towards estimating an unbiased estimate of adult survival, we first took steps to estimate the rate of tag loss. Using data from a double tag mark-resight study conducted in Delaware Bay and Program MARK, we designed a multi-state model to allow for the estimation of mortality of each tag separately and simultaneously.</p>","conferenceTitle":"97th ESA Annual Convention","conferenceDate":"August 5-9, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Portland","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Butler, C.A., McGowan, C., Grand, J.B., and Smith, D., 2012, Estimating tag loss of the Atlantic Horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, using a multi-state model, 97th ESA Annual Convention, Portland, August 5-9, 2012.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049536","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313927,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313926,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267278805_Estimating_tag_loss_of_the_Atlantic_Horseshoe_crab_Limulus_polyphemus_using_a_multi-state_model"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.96520996093749,\n              38.929502416386605\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.0970458984375,\n              38.79048618862274\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.13824462890625,\n              38.775499003812946\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.245361328125,\n              38.85040342169187\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.31951904296875,\n              38.929502416386605\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.31402587890625,\n              38.974357249228206\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.3497314453125,\n              39.02345139405932\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.40191650390624,\n              39.055450960258554\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.399169921875,\n              39.091699613104595\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.4156494140625,\n              39.14710270770074\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.40191650390624,\n              39.1854331703021\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.399169921875,\n              39.24288969082635\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.46783447265625,\n              39.34067026099156\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.52001953125,\n              39.38738660316804\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5804443359375,\n              39.45104033807322\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.58868408203125,\n              39.487084981687495\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.57220458984375,\n              39.52946653645165\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.57220458984375,\n              39.55911824217184\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.60791015625,\n              39.592990390285024\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.60791015625,\n              39.62261494094297\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.55023193359374,\n              39.67125632523974\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.509033203125,\n              39.73042572969995\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.47332763671875,\n              39.768436410838426\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.42938232421875,\n              39.7958755252971\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.40740966796875,\n              39.78321267821705\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.44860839843749,\n              39.74732195489861\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.47607421875,\n              39.70296052957233\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.51177978515625,\n              39.66279941218788\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.56121826171875,\n              39.62261494094297\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.50079345703125,\n              39.57605638518604\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.52825927734375,\n              39.535821539950376\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              39.46800484919317\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.47882080078125,\n              39.442556532077376\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.41839599609375,\n              39.38101803294523\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.33599853515625,\n              39.34704251121735\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.289306640625,\n              39.27691581029594\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2783203125,\n              39.30029918615029\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2398681640625,\n              39.287545585410435\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1849365234375,\n              39.24288969082635\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.16845703124999,\n              39.20671884491848\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.12451171875,\n              39.1833042481843\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1190185546875,\n              39.20033381963202\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.025634765625,\n              39.234380580544276\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.0146484375,\n              39.193948213963665\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.9322509765625,\n              39.1854331703021\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.8883056640625,\n              39.179046210512645\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.893798828125,\n              39.12579898118164\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.937744140625,\n              39.04691915968503\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.96520996093749,\n              38.982897808179985\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.96520996093749,\n              38.929502416386605\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568e48f7e4b0e7a44bc41907","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, Catherine Alyssa","contributorId":152075,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butler","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"Alyssa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. cmcgowan@usgs.gov","contributorId":145496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor P.","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, David 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":1989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":587799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70039529,"text":"sir20125111 - 2012 - Sediment loads in the Red River of the North and selected tributaries near Fargo, North Dakota, 2010--2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T11:26:46","indexId":"sir20125111","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5111","title":"Sediment loads in the Red River of the North and selected tributaries near Fargo, North Dakota, 2010--2011","docAbstract":"Natural-resource agencies are concerned about possible geomorphic effects of a proposed diversion project to reduce the flood risk in the Fargo-Moorhead metropolitan area. The U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers collected data in the spring of 2010 and 2011, and from June to November 2011, during rainfall-runoff events and base-flow conditions to provide information on sediment transport. The data were used to examine sediment concentrations, loads, and particle-size distributions at nine selected sites in the Red River and its tributaries near the Fargo-Moorhead metropolitan area. Suspended-sediment concentration varied among sites in 2010 and 2011. The least suspended-sediment concentrations were measured at the Red River (site 1) and the Buffalo River (site 9), and the greatest concentrations were measured at the two Sheyenne River sites (sites 3 and 4). Estimated daily suspended-sediment loads were highly variable in 2010 and 2011 in the Red River and its tributaries, with the greatest loads occurring in the spring and the smallest loads occurring in the winter. For the Red River, daily suspended-sediment loads ranged from 26 to 3,500 tons per day at site 1 and from 30 to 9,010 tons per day at site 2. For the Sheyenne River, daily loads ranged from less than 10 to 10,200 tons per day at site 3 and from less than 10 to 4,530 tons per day at site 4. The mean daily load was 191 tons per day in 2010 and 377 tons per day in 2011 for the Maple River, and 610 tons per day in 2011 for the Wild Rice River (annual loads were not computed for 2010). For the three sites that were only sampled in 2011 (sites 7, 8 and 9), the mean daily suspended-sediment loads ranged from 40 tons per day at the Lower Branch Rush River (site 8) to 118 tons per day at the Buffalo River (site 9). For sites that had estimated loads in 2010 and 2011 (sites 1&ndash;5), estimated annual (March&ndash;November) suspended-sediment loads were greater in 2011 compared to 2010. In 2010, annual loads ranged from 68,650 tons per year at the Maple River (site 5) to 249,040 tons per year at the Sheyenne River (site 3). In 2011, when all nine sites were sampled, annual loads ranged from 8,716 tons per year at the Lower Branch Rush River (site 8) to 552,832 tons per year at the Sheyenne River (site 3). With the exception of the Sheyenne River (site 4), the greatest monthly loads occurred in March for 2010, with as little as 27 percent (site 1) and as much as 42 percent (site 3) of the annual load occurring in March. For 2011, the greatest monthly loads occurred in April, ranging from 33 percent (site 1) to 63 percent (site 7) of the 2011 annual load. A relatively small amount of sediment was transported past the nine sites as bedload in 2010 and 2011. For most of the samples collected at the nine sites, the bedload composed less than 1 percent of the calculated daily total sediment load.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125111","usgsCitation":"Galloway, J.M., and Nustad, R.A., 2012, Sediment loads in the Red River of the North and selected tributaries near Fargo, North Dakota, 2010--2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5111, iv, 46 p.; col. ill.; map (col.); Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125111.","productDescription":"iv, 46 p.; col. ill.; map (col.); Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5111.gif"},{"id":259535,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5111/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259536,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5111/sir12-5111.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","city":"Fargo","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8991e4b08c986b316e27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galloway, Joel M. 0000-0002-9836-9724 jgallowa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9836-9724","contributorId":1562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Joel","email":"jgallowa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nustad, Rochelle A. 0000-0002-4713-5944 ranustad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4713-5944","contributorId":1811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nustad","given":"Rochelle","email":"ranustad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}