{"pageNumber":"1624","pageRowStart":"40575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40769,"records":[{"id":70185470,"text":"70185470 - 1955 - Flood control problems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T12:56:46","indexId":"70185470","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5327,"text":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation in India","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flood control problems","docAbstract":"<p>Throughout the world, alluvial soils are among the most fertile and easiest cultivated. Alluvial valleys are routes for transportation either by water or by road and railroad. Rivers are sources of water, a necessity of life. But these river valleys and alluvial deposits, which have so many desirable characteristics and which have increased so greatly in population, are periodically occupied by the river in performing its task of removing the excess of precipitation from the land area and carrying away the products of erosion.</p><p>How a river behaves and how the river flood plain appears depend on the relationships between water and sediment combined with the existing topography. Thus rivers and their alluvial deposits provide an endless variety of forms which are shaped, to a large extent, by the river flow during periods of rapid removal of debris and of excessive rainfall. The mechanics of river formation are such, however, that the highest discharges are not contained within a limited channel. How much water a channel will carry depends upon the frequency of occurrence of a flow. Low flows, which occur very frequently, are not important in channel formation. Neither are the infrequent discharges of very great magnitude which, although powerful, do not occur often enough to shape the channel. Channel characteristics, are dependent on those discharges of moderate size which combine power with frequency of occurrence to modify the channel from. In the highest discharges of a stream, water rises above the confines of its banks and flows over the flood plain.</p><p>It must be considered, therefore, that floods are natural phenomena which are characteristic of all rivers. They perform a vital function in the maintenance of river forms and out of bank flow may be expected with a reasonable degree of regularity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Conservation Society of India","issn":"0022-457X","usgsCitation":"Leopold, L.B., and Maddock, T., 1955, Flood control problems: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation in India, v. 3, p. 169-173.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"173","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d66e4b0236b68f98f9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maddock, Thomas Jr.","contributorId":14402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maddock","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1000072,"text":"1000072 - 1955 - The sea lamprey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:05","indexId":"1000072","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3355,"text":"Scientific American","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The sea lamprey","docAbstract":"Replicate samples of dehydrated :alfalfa-leaf meal were assayed for carotene content by four different analytical procedures. The results obtained by the modified A.O.A.C.method were significantly higher than those obtained by the other procedures.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Scientific American","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Applegate, V.C., and Moffett, J.W., 1955, The sea lamprey: Scientific American, v. 192, no. 4, p. 36-41.","productDescription":"p. 36-41","startPage":"36","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"192","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640d6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Applegate, Vernon C.","contributorId":39317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Applegate","given":"Vernon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moffett, James W.","contributorId":94245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffett","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010777,"text":"70010777 - 1955 - Rapid determination of water in silicate rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-21T15:01:33.415683","indexId":"70010777","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid determination of water in silicate rocks","docAbstract":"A rapid and simple method for the determination of total water in silicate rocks has been developed by modifying the Penfield procedure. In this method, the time required for a single determination has been reduced to less than 10 minutes. Comparison of the data obtained by this modification and the Penfield method indicates the same degree of accuracy.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac60100a020","usgsCitation":"Shapiro, L., and Brannock, W.W., 1955, Rapid determination of water in silicate rocks: Analytical Chemistry, v. 27, no. 4, p. 560-562, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60100a020.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"560","endPage":"562","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218730,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94d2e4b0c8380cd8162e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shapiro, Leonard","contributorId":61406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Leonard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brannock, W. W.","contributorId":74504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brannock","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010779,"text":"70010779 - 1955 - Determination of total sulfur content of sedimentary rocks by a combustion method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-27T21:50:48.720472","indexId":"70010779","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of total sulfur content of sedimentary rocks by a combustion method","docAbstract":"<p>Total sulfur has been determined in common sedimentary rocks by a combustion method. Sulfur contents range from 0.001 to 5.0%. Experiments show that the combustion method can be used in analyzing sedimentary rocks in which sulfur is present as sulfide, sulfate, or both. Pulverized samples from 0.100 to 0.500 gram in weight are used in this method. Each sample is placed in a No. 6 Leco combustion boat and covered with two fluxes: 0.50 gram of standard ingot iron and approximately 1.0 gram of 30-mesh granular tin. The boat with sample then is placed in the combustion tube of a Burrell Unit Package Model T29A tube furnace which is controlled at a temperature of 1310° to 1320° C. After the sample has been heated for 1 minute, oxygen is admitted at a rate of about 1 liter per minute. The sulfur dioxide formed is absorbed in a starch solution and is titrated with standard potassium iodate in a Leco sulfur determinator. Thirteen values obtained for National Bureau of Standards standard sample 1a, argillaceous limestone, range from 0.273 to 0.276% sulfur (certificate value 0.27% by calculation).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac60102a022","usgsCitation":"Coller, M.E., and Leininger, R.K., 1955, Determination of total sulfur content of sedimentary rocks by a combustion method: Analytical Chemistry, v. 27, no. 6, p. 949-951, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60102a022.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"949","endPage":"951","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffdfe4b0c8380cd4f43d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coller, M. E.","contributorId":28357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leininger, R. K.","contributorId":96408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leininger","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011003,"text":"70011003 - 1955 - Field determination of microgram quantities of niobium in rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-27T21:43:17.26938","indexId":"70011003","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field determination of microgram quantities of niobium in rocks","docAbstract":"<p>A rapid, simple, and moderately accurate method was needed for the determination of traces of niobium in rocks. The method developed is based on the reaction of niobium(V) with thiocyanate ion in a 4<i>M</i> hydrochloric acid and 0.5<i>M</i> tartaric acid medium, after which the complex is extracted with ethyl ether. The proposed procedure is applicable to rocks containing from 50 to 2000 p.p.m. of niobium, and, with modifications, can be used on rocks containing larger amounts. Five determinations on two rocks containing 100 p.p.m. or less of niobium agree within 5 p.p.m. of the mean, and the confidence limits at the 95% level are, respectively, <span>±</span>6 and <span>±</span>4 p.p.m. The addition of acetone to the ether extract of the niobium thiocyanate inhibits the polymerization of the thiocyanate ion and stabilizes the solution for at least 20 hours. The proposed procedure permits the determination of 20 <span>γ</span> of niobium in the presence of 1000 <span>γ</span> of iron, titanium, or uranium; 500 <span>γ</span> of vanadium; or 100 <span>γ</span> of tungsten or molybdenum or both.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac60104a034","usgsCitation":"Ward, F.N., and Marranzino, A., 1955, Field determination of microgram quantities of niobium in rocks: Analytical Chemistry, v. 27, no. 8, p. 1325-1328, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60104a034.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1325","endPage":"1328","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0fafe4b0c8380cd5399d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, F. N.","contributorId":96254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marranzino, A. P.","contributorId":61798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marranzino","given":"A. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047728,"text":"70047728 - 1955 - Sediment investigations of the Platte River near Overton, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-17T10:21:58","indexId":"70047728","displayToPublicDate":"1949-01-19T16:06:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Sediment investigations of the Platte River near Overton, Nebraska","docAbstract":"<p>This report contains results of sediment-transport investigations on the Platte River near Overton,. Nebr. from January 1950 to September 1953. The basic data of suspended-sediment studies, results of bed-material analyses, and determinations of water-surface slopes from staff readings are given.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The data indicate that a reliable determination of suspended sediment, hence total load, is difficult. Because of the nature of the river at the station and the limited scope of the investigations, the suspended-sediment data may not be representative. </p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Platte River is characterized by a wide braided channel, a small hydraulic radius, low banks, and a wide flood plain. (See figs. 1 and 2.,) The river bed is composed of coarse to fine sands. </p>\n<br/>\n<p>Near Overton, natural flow of the river is controlled or modified by diversions, storage reservoirs, power development, return flow from irrigation, and withdrawals of ground water. A temporary jetty was extended into the river below the bridge during the summer of 1952 as part of commercial sand pumping operations. Beavers carry on active construction in the narrows and shallows, particularly upstream from the sampling section. </p>\n<br/>\n<p>Daily fluctuations in water discharge at the gaging station at the bridge are caused by regulation of the flow, mainly from the generation of power by release of water from a reservoir The water discharge at the station begins increasing about 9:30 a.m., reaches a crest about 2:00 p.m and then immediately recede. Weekly water-discharge measurements of alternate high and low stages indicate a daily variation from 200 to more than 1,000 cfs. During spring summer, and fall increases in water dis charge are also caused by thunderstorm activity in the area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources","doi":"10.3133/70047728","collaboration":"Prepared as part of a program of the Department of the Interior for development of the Missouri River basin","usgsCitation":"Albert, C., and Guy, H., 1955, Sediment investigations of the Platte River near Overton, Nebraska, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70047728.","productDescription":"37 p.","numberOfPages":"40","temporalStart":"1950-01-01","temporalEnd":"1953-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276824,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047728/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":279946,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047728/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Platte River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.7838,40.6372 ], [ -99.7838,40.7742 ], [ -99.1901,40.7742 ], [ -99.1901,40.6372 ], [ -99.7838,40.6372 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52148fe5e4b06d85e08fb51b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Albert, C.D.","contributorId":23923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albert","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guy, H.P.","contributorId":73571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"H.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185545,"text":"70185545 - 1954 - Ground water resources of southeastern Oakland County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-28T18:34:56.155825","indexId":"70185545","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":130,"text":"Progress Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"title":"Ground water resources of southeastern Oakland County, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>The area covered by this report comprises a square which measures three townships on a side and enclose 318 square miles in southeastern Oakland County. The investigation of the ground-water resources of this area was made by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Detroit Metropolitan Area Regional Planning Commission, the Michigan Department of Conservation, and the Michigan Water Resources Commission.</p><p>In 1950 the population of this nine-township area exceeded 341,000, or more than 86 percent of the total population of Oakland County. This county ranks third in the state in number of industrial establishments and workers and is fifteenth in agricultural importance. Its numerous lakes and rolling uplands contribute to its top rank in the state in the number of recreational enterprises in rural or suburban areas.</p><p>The climate is moderately humid. The average annual precipitation is 30 inches and the mean air temperature is 47.2° F. Snowfall averages 38 inches in the November-April interval. The growing season averages 151 days.</p><p>The regional land surface slopes from northwest to southeast and has a total relief of 360 feet. Pitted outwash plains and morainal hills that are more than 1,000 feet above sea level in the northwest corner of the area give way southeastward to a sequence of terminal moraines and intervening till plains in the middle part. These give way to the broad lake plains that cover the southeastern third of the area.</p><p>The area lies on the southeast edge of the Michigan Basin and the bedrock is composed of northwest dipping strata of the Devonian and Mississippian systems. The Antrim shale, of Lake Devonian and early Mississippian age, is the oldest formation cropping out beneath the mantle of glacial Berea sandstone, and Sunbury shale overlie the Antrim and are overlain by the Coldwater shale, their areas of outcrop beneath the drift lying successively farther northwest. These formations are of early Mississippian age.</p><p>Throughout the area the bedrock is covered by glacial drift which ranges in thickness from 25 to more than 350 feet. The drift increases in thickness from southeast to northwest, but considerable relief on the underlying bedrock surface greatly modifies this trend. Extensive moraines, till plains, lake plains, and gravel outwash plains cover the area. In the northwestern third of the area an extensive upland of gravel plains is dotted with lakes ranging from a few feet to more than 100 feet in depth.</p><p>Precipitation is the perennial source of all water in this area, whether on the surface of underground. The average annual rainfall on the nine-townships is equivalent to a continuous supply of 450 m.g.d. or&nbsp; 9 times the combined annual withdrawal from all wells in the area.</p><p>About 53 percent of the area is drained by the Clinton River, 44 percent by the River Rouge, and the remaining 3 percent by the Huron River. Less than one-third of the annual precipitation reappears as surface discharge from the watersheds of this area.</p><p>About two-thirds of the annual precipitation on the area is lost by evaporation from water and land surfaces and by transpirations from vegetative cover. A substantial part of this large annual water loss is from the many lakes and other exposed water surfaces and from contiguous lands where the depth to the water table is slight. Average annual water losses by evapotranspiration are equivalent to about 280 m.g.d. or nearly 6 times the combined withdrawal from all ground-water supplies in the area.</p><p>The principal aquifers are the alluvial deposits bordering streams and the buried outwash deposits which represent alluvial fills in preglacial or interglacial stream channels. Intensive well developments in the urban areas have greatly lowered ground-water levels in the buried outwash deposits, have brought localized problems of declining well yield, and have induced migration of mineralized waters from the underlying consolidated formations. During 1952, withdrawals of ground water in the nine township area averages about 50 m.g.d., most of this quantity being pumped from municipal wells. This annual pumpage was distributed as follows: 60 percent in Pontiac and environs; 20 percent in Birmingham, Royal Oak and Troy Township; and the remaining 20 percent throughout the suburban and rural areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Michigan Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Ferris, J., Burt, E., Stramel, G., and Crosthwaite, E., 1954, Ground water resources of southeastern Oakland County, Michigan: Progress Report, 74 p.","productDescription":"74 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338195,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.michigan.gov/documents/deq/GIMDL-PR16_216200_7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":338196,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Oakland County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.44047546386717,\n              42.449301428414955\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.0841064453125,\n              42.449301428414955\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.0841064453125,\n              42.685463935766094\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.44047546386717,\n              42.685463935766094\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.44047546386717,\n              42.449301428414955\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df19e4b05ec79911d20f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferris, J.G.","contributorId":12453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferris","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burt, E.M.","contributorId":189751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burt","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stramel, G.J.","contributorId":47768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stramel","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crosthwaite, E. G.","contributorId":83098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosthwaite","given":"E. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":51768,"text":"ofr54298 - 1954 - Modification of explanation of map of ground-water provinces in the United States, to show occurrence of saline water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-21T16:06:27","indexId":"ofr54298","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"54-298","title":"Modification of explanation of map of ground-water provinces in the United States, to show occurrence of saline water","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr54298","usgsCitation":"Stringfield, V.T., and DeBuchananne, G., 1954, Modification of explanation of map of ground-water provinces in the United States, to show occurrence of saline water: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 54-298, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr54298.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369430,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0298/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0298/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6994d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stringfield, V. T.","contributorId":72369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stringfield","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeBuchananne, G.D.","contributorId":91166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeBuchananne","given":"G.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1277,"text":"wsp1259 - 1954 - Geology and ground-water resources of the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota, with a section on chemical quality of the ground water","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":51009,"text":"ofr51111 - 1951 - Progress report on the geology and ground-water resources of the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota","indexId":"ofr51111","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"title":"Progress report on the geology and ground-water resources of the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1277,"text":"wsp1259 - 1954 - Geology and ground-water resources of the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota, with a section on chemical quality of the ground water","indexId":"wsp1259","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and ground-water resources of the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota, with a section on chemical quality of the ground water"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-17T20:29:44.293329","indexId":"wsp1259","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1259","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota, with a section on chemical quality of the ground water","docAbstract":"The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation occupies about 1,000 square miles in west- central North Dakota. The Missouri and Little Missouri Rivers flow through the area and form part of its boundaries. Garrison Dam, which is under construction on the Missouri River 30 miles downstream from the east boundary of the reservation, will impound water in Garrison Reservoir and flood the valleys of both rivers throughout the area. The reservoir will divide the reservation into five parts, herein referred to as the eastern, northeastern, northern, western, and southern segments. \n\nRock formations ranging in age from Paleocene to Recent are exposed. The Fort Union formation of Paleocene age underlies the entire reservation, and it crops out along the Missouri and Little Missouri Rivers. Relatively thin glacial till and outwash deposits of late Pleistocene age mantle much of the upland in all of the segments. The glacial de. posits commonly are less than 10 feet thick; in many places they consist only of scattered boulders on the bedrock surface. The major valleys have terrace deposits of Pleistocene and Recent age and alluvium of Recent age. \n\nThe principal mineral resources of the reservation are lignite, sand, and gravel. The lignite beds range in thickness from a few inches to about 30 feet. At least four separate beds, which range in thickness from 4 feet to more than 7 feet, are mined locally. Although many mines will be flooded after Garrison Dam is completed, many suitable mine sites will remain above the proposed reservoir level. Sand and gravel deposits are found in glacial outwash and in stream-terrace deposits. \n\nOn upland areas of the reservation ground water is available principally from the lignite and the associated fine- to medium-grained sandstone beds of the Fort Union formation. Few wells on the reservation are known to produce water from glacial material, although the recessional moraines are possible sources of shallow-water supplies. Small quantities of ground water are available from thin alluvial deposits in some places on the upland. Most wells in the valleys produce water from the alluvium or the terrace deposits. However, several wells penetrate the underlying Fort Union formation. A few flowing wells in the Missouri River valley near Elbowoods produce water from either the lower part of the Fort Union formation or from the Cannonball formation, also of Paleocene age. The chemical character of water from the Fort Union formation and the outwash and river gravels was determined from analyses of 39 samples from wells and springs. Water from bedrock may be either hard or soft, and it is moderately to highly mineralized. Water from the surficial deposits is uniformly hard, but it is less mineralized. Shallow wells in the eastern and northeastern segments produce water of good quality. Wells in these segments, and several springs in the western segment, could be used satisfactorily as domestic supplies. Spring water from lignite deposits on the reservation generally is colored and contains objectionable amounts of iron. Treatment of the water would improve its quality for domestic use. \n\nThe filling of Garrison Reservoir will cause a rise of the water levels in wells that tap aquifers now discharging below the operating level of the reservoir. All the permeable strata below this level will become saturated, and ground-water bodies that are now separated will become hydraulically united. In addition to providing subsurface information, the drilling program of the U. S. Bureau of Indian Affairs provided wells for domestic and stock-water supplies. All test holes that tapped an adequate supply of potable water were reamed to a larger diameter, equipped with casing and well screen, and gravel-packed. The test-drilling program was completed in 1951; however, the drilling of domestic wells was continued under the supervision of the U. S. Geological Survey.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1259","usgsCitation":"Dingman, R.J., Gordon, E.D., and Swenson, H.A., 1954, Geology and ground-water resources of the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota, with a section on chemical quality of the ground water: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1259, Report: v, 115 p.; 1 Plate: 16.59 x 11.21 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1259.","productDescription":"Report: v, 115 p.; 1 Plate: 16.59 x 11.21 inches","numberOfPages":"122","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":26237,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1259/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":277923,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1259/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":396133,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24293.htm"},{"id":137527,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1259/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"96000","country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, Garrison Dam, Little Missouri River, Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.098,\n              47.453\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.73,\n              47.453\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.73,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.098,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.098,\n              47.453\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68553a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dingman, Robert James","contributorId":60190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gordon, Ellis D.","contributorId":12451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"Ellis","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swenson, H. A.","contributorId":58618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":3760,"text":"cir330 - 1954 - The Model VI transmission fluorimeter for the determination of uranium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:32","indexId":"cir330","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"330","title":"The Model VI transmission fluorimeter for the determination of uranium","docAbstract":"An improved transmission fluorimeter (Model VI) for use in the determination of uranium consists of a line-operated, low-voltage d-c supply, powering a small 3-watt ultraviolet lamp as a source of long wavelength ultraviolet radiation; a Model V phototube housing and. fluorimeter head containing the sample holder, shutter, and primary and secondary filters; an end-window multiplier phototube powered by a stable, commercially available high-voltage supply; and an electronic microammeter for measuring the output current from the photomultiplier tube. The instrument has excellent electrical stability and operates over a wide range of sensitivity. Its versatility makes it useful for both routine and research work.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"[U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/cir330","usgsCitation":"Kinser, C.A., 1954, The Model VI transmission fluorimeter for the determination of uranium: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 330, 9 p. :ill. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir330.","productDescription":"9 p. :ill. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0330/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30823,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0330/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b875","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinser, Charles Alvin","contributorId":69126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinser","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"Alvin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":3385,"text":"cir323 - 1954 - Water resources of the Grand Rapids area, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T15:17:44","indexId":"cir323","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"323","title":"Water resources of the Grand Rapids area, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>The Grand Rapids area, Michigan, has three sources from which to obtain its water supply: Lake Michigan, the Grand River and its tributaries, and ground water. Each of the first two and possibly the third is capable of supplying the entire needs of the area.</p><p>This area is now obtaining a part of its supply from each of these sources. Of the average use of 50 mgd (million gallons per day) during 1951, Lake Michigan supplied 29 mgd; the Grand River and its tributaries supplied 1 mgd; and ground water supplied 20 mgd.</p><p>Lake Michigan offers a practically unlimited source of potable water. However, the cost of delivery to the Grand Rapids area presents an economic problem in the further development of this source. Even without storage the Grand River can provide an adequate supply for the city of Grand Rapids. The present average use of the city of Grand Rapids is about 30 mgd and the maximum use is about 60 mgd, while the average flow of the Grand River is 2, 495 mgd or 3, 860 cfs (cubic feet per second) and the minimum daily flow recorded is 246 mgd. The quality and temperature of water in the Grand River is less desirable than Lake Michigan water. However, with proper treatment its chemical quality can be made entirely satisfactory.</p><p>The city of Grand Rapids is actively engaged in a study that will lead to the expansion of its present water-supply facilities to meet the expected growth in population in Grand Rapids and its environs.</p><p>Ground-water aquifers in the area are a large potential source of supply. The Grand Rapids area is underlain by glacial material containing a moderately hard to very hard water of varying chemical composition but suitable for most uses. The glacial outwash and lacustrine deposits bordering principal streams afford the greatest potential for the development of large supplies of potable ground water. Below the glacial drift, bedrock formations contain water that is extremely hard and moderately to highly mineralized. Thus the major sources of usable ground water are the glacial drift and some parts of the bedrock. Wherever the bedrock yields large quantities of water, the water is generally of inferior quality. Any development should be preceded by test drilling and careful hydrologic and geologic studies of the area under consideration and chemical analysis of the water found.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/cir323","usgsCitation":"Stramel, G., Wisler, C., and Laird, L., 1954, Water resources of the Grand Rapids area, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 323, Document: iv, 40 p.; 3 Plates: 12.93 x 14.76 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir323.","productDescription":"Document: iv, 40 p.; 3 Plates: 12.93 x 14.76 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":30399,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0323/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":30400,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0323/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":30401,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0323/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":30402,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0323/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0323/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Grand Rapids","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.78948974609375,\n              42.76617046685292\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.78948974609375,\n              43.11802655958523\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.42282104492188,\n              43.11802655958523\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.42282104492188,\n              42.76617046685292\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.78948974609375,\n              42.76617046685292\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f054a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stramel, G.J.","contributorId":47768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stramel","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wisler, C.O.","contributorId":34498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wisler","given":"C.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laird, L.B.","contributorId":23522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laird","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70221466,"text":"70221466 - 1954 - Criteria for the mode of emplacement of the alkaline stock at Mount Monadnock, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-16T16:23:34.929682","indexId":"70221466","displayToPublicDate":"1954-12-01T11:18:48","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Criteria for the mode of emplacement of the alkaline stock at Mount Monadnock, Vermont","docAbstract":"<p><span>The&nbsp;</span>alkaline<span>&nbsp;</span>stock<span>&nbsp;</span>at<span>&nbsp;</span>Mount<span>&nbsp;</span>Monadnock<span>,&nbsp;</span>Vermont<span>, described briefly by Wolff (1929), has been restudied in detail. Its petrography and structure are discussed here and conclusions are drawn as to its&nbsp;</span>mode<span>&nbsp;of&nbsp;</span>emplacement<span>. The&nbsp;</span>stock<span>&nbsp;consists of plutonic and hypabyssal rocks which intrude folded Ordovician (?) schist and quartzite. The longer axis, trending north-northwest across the strike of the country rock, is 3 miles long, and the shorter one about 2 1/2 miles. Essentially the&nbsp;</span>stock<span>&nbsp;consists of quartz syenite, but it encloses a long arcuate mass of older essexite and transition rock, and along its eastern edge are later intrusions of granite. Late dikes of various compositions cut the plutonics and surrounding metamorphic rocks. The following facts have been established: (1) The igneous rocks are typical representatives of the White Mountain magma series (Mississippian?), quite lacking in foliation and lineation. (2) The&nbsp;</span>stock<span>&nbsp;is discordant and has an elliptical ground plan. (3) In detail the boundary is irregular and characterized by abundant dikes and xenoliths. (4) The igneous rocks make sharp contacts with the metamorphosed country rock. (5) The arcuate mass of older essexite is undoubtedly a screen. (6) The small bodies of late granite resemble ring dikes. (7) The&nbsp;</span>stock<span>&nbsp;is cut by prominent sets of steeply dipping radial and tangential joints. (8) The late dikes show radial and tangential patterns. (9) Along the northern and southern margins of the&nbsp;</span>stock<span>&nbsp;the country rock shows strikes and dips which differ from the regional ones. From these&nbsp;</span>criteria<span>&nbsp;it is concluded that the plutonic rocks have invaded the crust by cauldron subsidence accompanied by the stoping of large arcuate slabs and smaller blocks from the walls of the magma reservoir.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1954)65[97:CFTMOE]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Chapman, R.W., 1954, Criteria for the mode of emplacement of the alkaline stock at Mount Monadnock, Vermont: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 65, no. 2, p. 97-114, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1954)65[97:CFTMOE]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"114","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386546,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Monadnock Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.806640625,\n              44.84223815129917\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.4825439453125,\n              44.84223815129917\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.4825439453125,\n              44.999767019181284\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.806640625,\n              44.999767019181284\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.806640625,\n              44.84223815129917\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"65","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Randolph W.","contributorId":86057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Randolph","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010507,"text":"70010507 - 1954 - Morphologic variation and mode of growth of Devonian Trepostomatous Bryozoa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-04T15:02:39.324651","indexId":"70010507","displayToPublicDate":"1954-08-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphologic variation and mode of growth of Devonian Trepostomatous Bryozoa","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.120.3112.322.b","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Boardman, R., 1954, Morphologic variation and mode of growth of Devonian Trepostomatous Bryozoa: Science, v. 120, no. 3112, p. 322-323, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.120.3112.322.b.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"322","endPage":"323","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219458,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.24035344675046,\n              43.72710448716839\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.17018544040681,\n              42.783700339950485\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.92135833496951,\n              41.97361804850743\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2815563672451,\n              41.93974177879409\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.53263909721032,\n              41.20858924849604\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.88710441867349,\n              40.48952227874964\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.65531537814667,\n              40.51923327079345\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.79675539358236,\n              41.254975122543904\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.57372466522199,\n              41.24741287994864\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.1832820797451,\n              45.017165507911926\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.83879365076044,\n              45.09801435730404\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.99734736162851,\n              43.82287347882534\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.24035344675046,\n              43.72710448716839\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"3112","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e39e4b0c8380cd708a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boardman, R.S.","contributorId":38276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boardman","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221471,"text":"70221471 - 1954 - A variable, circular‐arc rule; An aid in constructing stereographic projections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-16T18:15:44.261776","indexId":"70221471","displayToPublicDate":"1954-08-01T13:12:38","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A variable, circular‐arc rule; An aid in constructing stereographic projections","docAbstract":"<p>A<span>&nbsp;drafting instrument which provides&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;ruling edge for drawing arcs of circles the radii of which are unusually long is described.&nbsp;</span>A<span>&nbsp;complete range of arcs of different curvature, within the limits prescribed by the construction of the instrument, are obtainable. This instrument was developed originally to allow accurate construction of&nbsp;</span>circular<span>&nbsp;arcs of very low curvature, which are difficult or impossible to draw with an ordinary compass,&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;</span>constructing<span>&nbsp;</span>stereographic<span>&nbsp;</span>projections<span>. It is apparent, of course, that numerous other applications are possible. To satisfy the authors' needs,&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;relatively small model was constructed, but the same general construction could be used&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;larger models.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR035i004p00645","usgsCitation":"Wallace, R.E., Fried, B., and Guptil, J., 1954, A variable, circular‐arc rule; An aid in constructing stereographic projections: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 35, no. 4, p. 645-646, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR035i004p00645.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"645","endPage":"646","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386551,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, Robert E.","contributorId":15570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fried, B.","contributorId":64613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fried","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guptil, John","contributorId":260356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guptil","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70221470,"text":"70221470 - 1954 - Aeromagnetic surveys in the Aleutian, Marshall, and Bermuda Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-16T18:07:28.759417","indexId":"70221470","displayToPublicDate":"1954-08-01T13:04:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aeromagnetic surveys in the Aleutian, Marshall, and Bermuda Islands","docAbstract":"<p><span>Total‐intensity&nbsp;</span>aeromagnetic<span>&nbsp;</span>surveys<span>&nbsp;of the&nbsp;</span>Aleutian<span>&nbsp;</span>Marshall<span>, and&nbsp;</span>Bermuda<span>&nbsp;</span>Islands<span>&nbsp;were completed&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;1948. The anomalies associated with the&nbsp;</span>Aleutian<span>&nbsp;volcanoes are attributed mainly to topographic relief and are not an indication of the degree of volcanic activity. Eniwetok presents a magnetic pattern that would be produced by an irregular‐shaped rimmed depression&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the basement, modified by the two adjoining seamounts, and differs from Bikini, whose magnetic features would be produced by a broad seamount with irregular surface relief. The&nbsp;</span>Bermuda<span>&nbsp;</span>survey<span>&nbsp;demonstrated magnetic features typical of volcanic rocks. Comparison of an observed and a theoretical profile computed by Press and Ewing indicates that their assumptions are reasonably correct. The&nbsp;</span>Aleutian<span>&nbsp;Trench&nbsp;</span>survey<span>&nbsp;shows anomalies that are attributed to susceptibility contrasts but none that can be correlated with the trench. A traverse from Adak,&nbsp;</span>Aleutian<span>&nbsp;</span>Islands<span>, to Kwajalein,&nbsp;</span>Marshall<span>&nbsp;</span>Islands<span>, exhibited several large anomalies that are presumed to be caused by susceptibility contrasts but may be indications of uncharted seamounts. Two traverses, one from Cape May, N.J., to&nbsp;</span>Bermuda<span>&nbsp;and the other from&nbsp;</span>Bermuda<span>&nbsp;to Long&nbsp;</span>Island<span>, N.Y., reveal a change&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the magnetic field approximately 300 miles from the Atlantic Coast that indicates a possible thinning of the sial and an exposure of sima.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR035i004p00558","usgsCitation":"Keller, F., Meuschke, J.L., and Alldredge, L., 1954, Aeromagnetic surveys in the Aleutian, Marshall, and Bermuda Islands: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 35, no. 4, p. 558-572, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR035i004p00558.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"558","endPage":"572","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United Kingdom","otherGeospatial":"Bermuda","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -66.357421875,\n              31.203404950917395\n            ],\n            [\n              -62.97363281249999,\n              31.203404950917395\n            ],\n            [\n              -62.97363281249999,\n              33.394759218577995\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.357421875,\n              33.394759218577995\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.357421875,\n              31.203404950917395\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keller, Fred Jr.","contributorId":62664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Fred","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meuschke, J. L.","contributorId":53349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meuschke","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alldredge, L.R.","contributorId":53457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alldredge","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70221460,"text":"70221460 - 1954 - Sedimentary facies of iron-formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-16T15:56:48.830475","indexId":"70221460","displayToPublicDate":"1954-05-01T10:54:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentary facies of iron-formation","docAbstract":"<p><span>The&nbsp;</span>sedimentary<span>&nbsp;</span>iron<span>-formations of Precambrian age in the Lake Superior region can be divided on the basis of the dominant original&nbsp;</span>iron<span>&nbsp;mineral into four principal&nbsp;</span>facies<span>: sulfide, carbonate, oxide, and silicate. As chemical sediments, these rocks reflect certain aspects of the chemistry of the depositional environments. The major control, at least for the sulfide, carbonate, and oxide types, probably was the oxidation potential. The evidence indicates that deposition took place in restricted basins, which were separated from the open sea by thresholds that inhibited free circulation and permitted development of abnormalities in oxidation potential and water composition. The sporadic distribution of metamorphism and of later oxidation permits description of the primary&nbsp;</span>facies<span>&nbsp;on the basis of unoxidized, essentially unmetamorphosed material. The sulfide&nbsp;</span>facies<span>&nbsp;is represented by black slates in which pyrite may make up as much as 40 percent of the rock. The free-carbon content of these rocks typically ranges from 5 to 15 percent, indicating that ultra-stagnant conditions prevailed during deposition. Locally, the pyritic rocks contain layers of&nbsp;</span>iron<span>-rich carbonate. The carbonate&nbsp;</span>facies<span>&nbsp;consists, in its purer form, of interbedded&nbsp;</span>iron<span>-rich carbonate and chert. It is a product of an environment in which oxygen concentration was sufficiently high to destroy most of the organic material but not high enough to permit&nbsp;</span>formation<span>&nbsp;of ferric compounds. The oxide&nbsp;</span>facies<span>&nbsp;is found as two principal types, one characterized by magnetite and the other by hematite. Both minerals appear to be of primary origin. The magnetite-banded rock is one of the dominant lithologies in the region; it consists typically of magnetite interlayered with chert, carbonate, or&nbsp;</span>iron<span>&nbsp;silicate, or combinations of the three. Its mineralogy and association suggest origin under weakly oxidizing to moderately reducing conditions, but the mode of precipitation of magnetite is not clearly understood. The hematite-banded rocks consist of finely crystalline hematite interlayered with chert or jasper. Oolitic structure is common. This&nbsp;</span>facies<span>&nbsp;doubtless accumulated in a strongly oxidizing, probably near-shore, environment similar to that in which younger hema-titic ironstones such as the Clinton oolite were deposited. The silicate&nbsp;</span>facies<span>&nbsp;contains one or more of the hydrous ferrous silicates (greenalite, minnesotaite, stilpnomelane, chlorite) as a major constituent. Granule structure, similar to that of glauconite, is typical of some varieties; others are nongranular and finely laminated. The most common association of the silicate rocks is with either carbonate- or magnetite-bearing rocks, which suggests that the optimum conditions for deposition ranged from slightly oxidizing to slightly reducing. The relationship between the&nbsp;</span>iron<span>-rich rocks and volcanism, stressed by many authors, is considered by the writer to be structural, not chemical: in the Lake Superior region both&nbsp;</span>iron<span>-deposition and volcanism are believed to be related to geosynclinal development during Huronian time. In Michigan, the lower Huronian rocks are&nbsp;</span>iron<span>-poor quartzite and dolomite-typical \"stable-shelf\" deposits; much of the upper Huronian consists of&nbsp;</span>iron<span>-poor graywacke and slate with associated volcanic rocks -a typical \"geosynclinal\" assemblage. Thus the&nbsp;</span>iron<span>-rich beds of the middle Huronian and lower part of the upper Huronian were deposited during a transitional stage in structural history. The major environmental requirement for deposition of&nbsp;</span>iron<span>-</span>formation<span>&nbsp;is the closed or restricted basin; this requirement coincides in time with what would be a normal stage in evolution of the geosyncline: namely, structural development of offshore buckles or swells that subsequently develop into island arcs characterized by volcanism.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.49.3.235","usgsCitation":"James, H.L., 1954, Sedimentary facies of iron-formation: Economic Geology, v. 49, no. 3, p. 235-293, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.49.3.235.","productDescription":"59 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"293","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386540,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Canada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Superior","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.7685546875,\n              46.164614496897094\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.3974609375,\n              46.164614496897094\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.3974609375,\n              50.00773901463687\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.7685546875,\n              50.00773901463687\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.7685546875,\n              46.164614496897094\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1954-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, H. L.","contributorId":96732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011010,"text":"70011010 - 1954 - Modification of the glacial chronology of the San Juan Mountains, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-06T15:32:24.322687","indexId":"70011010","displayToPublicDate":"1954-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modification of the glacial chronology of the San Juan Mountains, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.119.3096.614.b","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Richmond, G., 1954, Modification of the glacial chronology of the San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Science, v. 119, no. 3096, p. 614-615, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.119.3096.614.b.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"614","endPage":"615","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221638,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.01842430412185,\n              38.055619972273064\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.01842430412185,\n              37.01269649073316\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.93220053695369,\n              37.01269649073316\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.93220053695369,\n              38.055619972273064\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.01842430412185,\n              38.055619972273064\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"3096","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5cb3e4b0c8380cd6feaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richmond, G.M.","contributorId":104066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010844,"text":"70010844 - 1954 - Total-intensity magnetic anomalies of three-dimensional distributions by means of experimentally derived double layer model fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-10T14:53:34.027032","indexId":"70010844","displayToPublicDate":"1954-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Total-intensity magnetic anomalies of three-dimensional distributions by means of experimentally derived double layer model fields","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.119.3088.329","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Zietz, I., and Henderson, R., 1954, Total-intensity magnetic anomalies of three-dimensional distributions by means of experimentally derived double layer model fields: Science, v. 119, no. 3088, p. 329-330, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.119.3088.329.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"330","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219015,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"3088","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5a4e4b08c986b3267e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zietz, I.","contributorId":59937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zietz","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henderson, R.G.","contributorId":72521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70113791,"text":"tei463 - 1954 - Uranium-bearing lignite in southwestern North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T14:21:30","indexId":"tei463","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T14:54:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"463","title":"Uranium-bearing lignite in southwestern North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>Uranium-bearing lignite was mapped and sampled in the Bullion Butte, Sentinel Butte, HT Butte, and Chalky Buttes areas in southwestern North Dakota. The uraniferous lignite occurs at several stratigraphic positions in the Sentinel Butte member of the Fort Union formation of Paleocene age. A total of 261 samples were collected for uranium analysis from 85 localities, Lignite contained as much as 0.045 percent uranium, 10.0 percent ash, and 0.45 percent uranium in the ash was found although the average is lower. Inferred reserves for the four areas examined are estimated to be about 27 million tons of lignite in beds about 2 feet thick and containing more than 3000 tons of uranium. The lignite in beds about 2 feet thick and containing more than 3000 tons of uranium. The lignite averages more than 30 percent ash in the surface samples. The principal factor that seems to influence the uranium content of lignite beds is their stratigraphic position below the overlying rocks of the White River group of Oligocene age. All of the uranium-bearing beds closely underlie the base of the White River group. Although this relationship seems to be the controlling factor, the relative concentration of uranium may be modified by other conditions. Beds enclosed in permeable rocks are more uraniferous than beds in impermeable rocks, and thin beds have higher content of uranium than thick beds. In addition, thick lignite beds commonly have a top=preferential distribution of uranium. These and other factors suggest that the uranium is secondary and this it was introduced by ground water which had leached uranium from volcanic ash in the overlying rocks of the White River group. It is thought that the uranium is held in the lignite as part of a metallo-organic compound.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei463","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Moore, G.W., Melin, R.E., and Kepferle, R.C., 1954, Uranium-bearing lignite in southwestern North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 463, Report: 35 p.; 1 Plate: 22.82 x 17.92 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei463.","productDescription":"Report: 35 p.; 1 Plate: 22.82 x 17.92 inches","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289974,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289973,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0463/report.pdf"},{"id":289970,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0463/plate-1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana;North Dakota;South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Bullion Butte;Chalky Buttes;Ht Butte;Sentinel Butte","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.0299,44.9987 ], [ -105.0299,47.1933 ], [ -102.3265,47.1933 ], [ -102.3265,44.9987 ], [ -105.0299,44.9987 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7890e4b0abf75cf2d8ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, George W.","contributorId":21625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melin, Robert E.","contributorId":23198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kepferle, Roy C.","contributorId":103586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kepferle","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70160620,"text":"70160620 - 1953 - A contagious disease of salmon, possibly of virus origin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T18:13:45","indexId":"70160620","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A contagious disease of salmon, possibly of virus origin","docAbstract":"<p>Production records for 1885, 1891&ndash;1908, and 1929&ndash;49, indicate cyclic fluctuations for several important species of fish. The average annual take (all species) of 3,582,000 pounds in 1929&ndash;49 was 3,503,000 pounds below the 1891&ndash;1908 mean of 7,085,000 pounds. Decline in the output of lake herring alone from 5,841,000 pounds in 1891&ndash;1908 to 1,070,000 pounds in 1929&ndash;49&mdash;a drop of 4,771,000 pounds&mdash;more than accounted for the decrease. For species other than lake herring the combined output increased from 1,244,000 pounds in 1891&ndash;1908 to 2,512,000 in 1929&ndash;49&mdash;a rise of 1,268,000 pounds. The 1929&ndash;49 fluctuations of abundance (as estimated from records of catch per unit of effort) were considerable for all principal species. In the late years of the period, lake trout were scarce as the result of sealamprey depredations, but the abundance levels of whitefish, lake herring, and walleyes were extremely high; at the same time the smelt was showing good recovery from the disastrous 1943 mortality. With certain exceptions, correlations between fluctuations of fishing intensity and the abundance of individual species were low, probably because most operations are based on several species and hence not ordinarily sensitive to changes in the abundance of a particular one. A combination of intensive fishing and high abundance of three principal species carried the production to 5% million pounds in 1947 and the modern record high of between 7% and 8 million pounds in 1948 and 1949. With this prosperity has developed a most difficult situation arising from friction between local commercial fishermen and newcomers from other areas and from the activities of sport fishermen and resort owners who believe that drastic restrictions on commercial fishing will insure a perpetual high level of abundance of walleyes. Statistics for 1950 are given in a supplement.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Rucker, R., Whipple, W., Parvin, J., and Evans, C., 1953, A contagious disease of salmon, possibly of virus origin: Fishery Bulletin, v. 54, no. 1, p. 35-46.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"46","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/spo/FishBull/54-1/rucker.pdf","text":"pdf"},{"id":352114,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/spo/FishBull/54-1/541toc.html"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56826b3ae4b0a04ef4925b1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rucker, R.R.","contributorId":104000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rucker","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whipple, W.J.","contributorId":150866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whipple","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parvin, J.R.","contributorId":150868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parvin","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, C.A.","contributorId":150869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":71385,"text":"tei339 - 1953 - Uranium-bearing carbonaceous shale and lignite in the Goose Creek district, Cassia County, Idaho, Boxelder County, Utah and Elko County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T11:38:45","indexId":"tei339","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-10T15:56:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"339","title":"Uranium-bearing carbonaceous shale and lignite in the Goose Creek district, Cassia County, Idaho, Boxelder County, Utah and Elko County, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>The Goose Creek district includes about 260 miles in southern Cassia County, Idaho, and adjacent parts of Boxelder County, Utah, and Elko County Nev. &nbsp;The-area comprises the northern and central parts of an intermontane basin drained by northward-flowing Goose Creek and its tributaries.</p>\n<p>An essentially conformable sequence of fluviatile, lacustrine, and pyroclastic sediments of late Miocene (?) and early Pliocene age make up most of the rocks exposed in the district.&nbsp; These rocks include the Payette formation and the overlying, Salt Lake formation. &nbsp;They unconformably overlie a sequence of limestone, quartzite, and shale Carboniferous and older in age, exposed in the mountains to the west and northeast; and a thick body of rhyolite of Tertiary (?) age exposed in the mountains to the southeast. Surficial deposits of silt, sand, and gravel locally overlie the older rocks.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;The Payette and Salt Lake formations have a general easterly dip of 4 to 12 degrees, modified locally by shallow folds. &nbsp;Many normal faults, some with displacement several hundred feet, cut the Tertiary strata at various places in the district.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei339","usgsCitation":"Mapel, W.J., and Hail, W.J., 1953, Uranium-bearing carbonaceous shale and lignite in the Goose Creek district, Cassia County, Idaho, Boxelder County, Utah and Elko County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 339, Report: 57 p.; 5 Plates: 48.07 x 38.48 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei339.","productDescription":"Report: 57 p.; 5 Plates: 48.07 x 38.48 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/TEI339.jpg"},{"id":310440,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310441,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310442,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310439,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310443,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/plate-4.pdf","text":"Plate 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William Jameson","contributorId":23633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mapel","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Jameson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hail, William James","contributorId":31379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hail","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":51583,"text":"ofr53267 - 1953 - Modification of the electric tape for measuring water levels in wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:28","indexId":"ofr53267","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"53-267","title":"Modification of the electric tape for measuring water levels in wells","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr53267","usgsCitation":"Waterman, W., 1953, Modification of the electric tape for measuring water levels in wells: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 53-267, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr53267.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69956a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waterman, W.D.","contributorId":103353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waterman","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51233,"text":"ofr5353 - 1953 - Modified Norris electric tape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:13","indexId":"ofr5353","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"53-53","title":"Modified Norris electric tape","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5353","usgsCitation":"de Laguna, W., 1953, Modified Norris electric tape: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 53-53, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5353.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699437","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"de Laguna, Wallace","contributorId":14043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Laguna","given":"Wallace","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":71408,"text":"tei370 - 1953 - The Model VI transmission fluorimeter for the determination of uranium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:44","indexId":"tei370","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"370","title":"The Model VI transmission fluorimeter for the determination of uranium","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tei370","usgsCitation":"Kinser, C.A., 1953, The Model VI transmission fluorimeter for the determination of uranium: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 370, 20 p., 5 fig., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei370.","productDescription":"20 p., 5 fig.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/370/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":90715,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/370/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b714","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinser, Charles A.","contributorId":12928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinser","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":57707,"text":"ofr53289 - 1953 - Changes in chemical quality of the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas (1946-52)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:29","indexId":"ofr53289","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"53-289","title":"Changes in chemical quality of the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas (1946-52)","docAbstract":"Systematic chemical quality-of-water investigations have been carried on in both Oklahoma and Arkansas by the Geological Survey in cooperation with State and Federal agencies during the past several years. Results of the Survey's quality-of-water investigations are usually published in the annual Water-Supply Papers. However, as the Geological Survey has made no sediment investigations in the Arkansas River Basin in Oklahoma and Arkansas, the published data do not include information on sediment concentrations or loads.\r\nThis report attempts to summarize information collected to date in the Arkansas River Basin of the two States, and to show as clearly as possible from present information how the chemical quality of water in the Arkansas River changes downstream from the Oklahoma-Kansas State line to its confluence with the Mississippi River, and how it is affected by tributary inflows. Additional information is being collected and further studies are planned. Hence, the conclusions reached herein may be modified by more adequate information at a later date.\r\n\r\nThe Arkansas River enters Oklahoma near Newkirk on the northern boundary just east of the 97th meridian, crosses the State in a general southeasterly direction flowing past Tulsa, enters Arkansas at its western boundary north of the 35th parallel near Fort Smith, still flowing in a general southeasterly direction past Little Rock near the center of the State, and empties into the Mississippi River east of Dumas.\r\n\r\nThe Arkansas River is subject to many types of pollution downstream from the Oklahoma-Kansas State line, and its inferior quality along with an erratic flow pattern has caused it to be largely abandoned as a source of municipal and industrial water supply. At the present time, the Arkansas River is not directly used as a source of public supply in any part of the basin in either Oklahoma or Arkansas. In general, the river water increases in chemical concentration downstream from the Oklahoma-Kansas State line to Tulsa, due mainly to tributary inflow from the Salt Fork Arkansas River and the Cimarron River, both streams being sources of large amounts of both natural and artificial pollution. A decrease in chemical concentration is noted downstream from Tulsa due to tributary inflow from the Verdigris, Neosho, and Illinois rivers with an increase in chemical concentration then noted due to tributary inflow from the Canadian River which is largely artificial pollution. A steady decrease in concentration is then noted as the river progresses through Arkansas to the Mississippi River, as all major tributaries below the Canadian River have a dilution effect upon the chemical concentration of the Arkansas River water.\r\n\r\nProposals for storage and regulating reservoirs on the Arkansas River in both Oklahoma and Arkansas have been made by the Corps of Engineers and others. Additional proposals are being considered in the present Arkansas-White-Red River Basin Inter-Agency Committee studies. If constructed, these reservoirs will provide an opportunity for control of flow and beneficial use of Arkansas River water, both at and downstream from these sites. Impoundment alone will greatly reduce the extremes in water quality, and by reasonable control of municipal and industrial wastes, the water would be comparable in quality to many existing basin municipal and industrial supplies.\r\n\r\n(available as photostat copy only)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr53289","usgsCitation":"Dover, T., and Geurin, J., 1953, Changes in chemical quality of the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas (1946-52): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 53-289, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr53289.","productDescription":"33 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db5455ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dover, T.B.","contributorId":90293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dover","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geurin, J.W.","contributorId":59784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geurin","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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