{"pageNumber":"1624","pageRowStart":"40575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":70039226,"text":"70039226 - 1995 - Glaciers: A water resource","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-03T01:02:04","indexId":"70039226","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T16:22:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Glaciers: A water resource","docAbstract":"Most Americans have never seen a glacier, and most would say that glaciers are rare features found only in inaccessible, isolated wilderness mountains. Are they really so rare? Or are they really potentially important sources of water supply?","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70039226","isbn":"0-16-045543-X","usgsCitation":"Meier, M., and Post, A., 1995, Glaciers: A water resource: General Information Product, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039226.","productDescription":"23 p.","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261406,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039226/report.pdf"},{"id":261407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039226/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2925e4b0c8380cd5a6e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meier, Mark","contributorId":20594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Post, Austin","contributorId":90709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Post","given":"Austin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199557,"text":"70199557 - 1995 - Environmental contaminants in eggs of California least terns (Sterna antillarum browni)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T11:07:02","indexId":"70199557","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T16:13:07","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental contaminants in eggs of California least terns (Sterna antillarum browni)","docAbstract":"<p>A severe decline in the coastal breeding population of California least terns (Sterna antillarum browni) in California and Baja California (U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. 1980) prompted both State and Federal governments to designate it an endangered species in 1970 (Massey 1974). Significant losses of nesting and feeding habitat have contributed greatly to the decline of this subspecies (Massey 1974; Atwood and Minsky 1983). However, environmental contaminants, such as organochlorine compounds and metals, may also have contributed to the decline. California least terns are primarily piscivorous during the nesting period (Massey 1974), feeding predominantly on jack-smelt (Atherinops californiensis), topsmelt (A. affinis), and northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) (Atwood and Minsky 1983). Topsmelt had the highest levels of DDE (p,p'-DDE) (up to 3 #g/g wet wt) of fish collected from San Diego Bay by Ohlendorf et al. (1985). Eggs of Caspian terns ~. caspia) from that study contained up to 56/~g/g DDE, and DDE was associated with a reduction in eggshell thickness as determined by the thickness index. In addition to shell deficiencies, organochlorines can also cause reduced egg production, aberrant incubation behavior, delayed ovulation, embryotoxicosis, and mortality of chicks and adults (Blus 1982). Mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) have caused decreased hatchability, altered nesting behavior, and embryotoxicosis in birds in field and laboratory studies (Cormors et al. 1975; Ohlendorf et al. 1986; Heinz et al. 1987). Our objective was to evaluate the role of contaminants in the decline of California least terns. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00203750","usgsCitation":"Hothem, R.L., and Zador, S.G., 1995, Environmental contaminants in eggs of California least terns (Sterna antillarum browni): Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 55, no. 1, p. 658-665, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00203750.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"658","endPage":"665","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fa0e4b034bf6a81170e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hothem, Roger L. roger_hothem@usgs.gov","contributorId":1721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hothem","given":"Roger","email":"roger_hothem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zador, Stephani G.","contributorId":201047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zador","given":"Stephani","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70171400,"text":"70171400 - 1995 - Distribution of phytobenthos in the Yakima River basin, Washington, in relation to geology, land use and other environmental factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T13:45:02","indexId":"70171400","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T14:45:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of phytobenthos in the Yakima River basin, Washington, in relation to geology, land use and other environmental factors","docAbstract":"<p><span>Benthic-algal distributions in the Yakima River, Washington, basin were, examined in relation to geology, land use, water chemistry, and stream habitat using indicator-species classification (</span><span class=\"smallcaps\">TWINSPAN</span><span>) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Algal assemblages identified by</span><span class=\"smallcaps\">TWINSPAN</span><span>&nbsp;were each associated with a narrow range of water-quality conditions. In the Cascade geologic province, where timber harvest and grazing are the dominant land uses, differences in community structure (CCA site scores) and concentrations of major ions (Ca and Mg) and nutrients (solute P, SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;and inorganic N) varied with dominant rock type of the basin. In agricultural areas of the Columbia Plateau province, differences in phytobenthos structure were based primarily on the degree of enrichment of dissolved solids, inorganic N, and solute P from irrigation-return flows and subsurface drainage. Habitat characteristics strongly correlated with community structure included reach altitude, turbidity, substratum embeddedness (Columbia Plateau), large woody-debris density (Cascade Range), and composition and density of the riparian vegetation. Algal biomass (AFDM) correlated with composition and density of the riparian vegetation but not with measured chemical-constituent concentrations. Nitrogen limitation in streams of the Cascade Range favored nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae and diatoms with endosymbiotic blue-greens, whereas nitrogen heterotrophs were abundant in agricultural areas of the Columbia Plateau.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Department of Fisheries and Oceans","publisherLocation":"Ottawa","doi":"10.1139/f95-108","usgsCitation":"Leland, H.V., 1995, Distribution of phytobenthos in the Yakima River basin, Washington, in relation to geology, land use and other environmental factors: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 52, no. 5, p. 1108-1129, https://doi.org/10.1139/f95-108.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1108","endPage":"1129","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322102,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575158afe4b053f0edd03c31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leland, Harry V.","contributorId":51158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leland","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70170851,"text":"70170851 - 1995 - Aquifer test in a complex drift aquifer system, west-central Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T10:33:46","indexId":"70170851","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T14:15:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1925,"text":"Hydrological Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquifer test in a complex drift aquifer system, west-central Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Hydrology","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., 1995, Aquifer test in a complex drift aquifer system, west-central Minnesota: Hydrological Science and Technology, v. 11, no. 1-4, p. 1-13.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","volume":"11","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"572b1d2ce4b0b13d391b445d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70074396,"text":"70074396 - 1995 - Outwash plains and thermokarst on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-05T12:35:48","indexId":"70074396","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T13:55:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Outwash plains and thermokarst on Mars","docAbstract":"The spatial distribution of different types of rampart craters on Mars suggests a hemispheric asymmetry in the distribution of ground ice. The northern plains, especially major topographic depressions near the terminations of outflow channels, have high percentages of rampart craters. Two of these basins, Acidalia and Utopia Planitiae, received extraordinarily large amounts of water and sediment from the Chryse and Elysium outflow channels. In both regions, the analysis of high-resolution Viking pictures (12 m/pixel) indicates a concentration of kilometer-scale depressions that are similar in size and form to thermokarstic features in Yakutia (Siberia) and parts of the arctic coastal plain of North America. Accordingly, we infer that (1) Utopia Planitia and Acidalia Planitia may contain thick, laterally continuous, ice-rich sedimentary deposits related to outflow channel-forming floods, and (2) these areas of Mars may have experienced thermokarstic processes similar to modern thermokarstic processes in some periglacial regions of Earth.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/icar.1995.1046","usgsCitation":"Costard, F., and Kargel, J., 1995, Outwash plains and thermokarst on Mars: Icarus, v. 114, no. 1, p. 93-112, https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.1995.1046.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"112","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281666,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281665,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/icar.1995.1046"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"114","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6a47e4b0b29085103271","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Costard, F.M.","contributorId":31303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costard","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kargel, J.S.","contributorId":88096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kargel","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70148559,"text":"70148559 - 1995 - Decline of northern pintails","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70148559,"text":"70148559 - 1995 - Decline of northern pintails","indexId":"70148559","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Decline of northern pintails"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-18T15:28:27","indexId":"70148559","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T13:45:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Decline of northern pintails","docAbstract":"<p>The size of the continental breeding population of northern pintail (<i>Anas acuta</i>) has greatly varied since 1955, with numbers in surveyed areas ranging from a high of 9.9 million to a low of 1.8 million in 1991. This variation results primarily from differences in the numbers of breeding pintails in the prairie region of Canada and the United States; these numbers ranged from 8.6 million in 1956 to 0.5 million in 1991; numbers in the northern regions from Alaska to northern Alberta and northern Manitoba varied primarily between 1 and 2 million.</p>\n<p>Breeding pintails prefer seasonal shallow-water habitats without tall emergent aquatic vegetation (Smith 1968). The proportions and distribution of breeding pintails on the prairies vary annually depending on the amount of annual precipitation and the resulting increase or decrease in the availability of suitable breeding habitat (Smith 1970; Johnson and Grier 1988).</p>\n<p>Changes in the size of the continental pintail population result from changes in production, survival, or both. Consequently, understanding population changes involves detecting variation in survival and production over time and relating that variation to changes in population size. Once the cause of the decline is determined, appropriate management strategies can be developed to reverse it.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":11,"text":"Bibliography"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Biological Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Hestback, J.B., 1995, Decline of northern pintails, chap. <i>of</i> Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems, p. 38-39.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"39","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":301197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339878,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.webharvest.gov/peth04/20041019015728/https://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/index.htm","linkHelpText":"Archived website"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"557c02c6e4b023124e8edf0d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"LaRoe, Edward T.","contributorId":112276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaRoe","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691792,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farris, Gaye S.","contributorId":84410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farris","given":"Gaye","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691793,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puckett, Catherine E. cpuckett@usgs.gov","contributorId":4629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckett","given":"Catherine","email":"cpuckett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":691794,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doran, Peter D.","contributorId":17533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691795,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mac, Michael J.","contributorId":16772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mac","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691796,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Hestback, Jay B.","contributorId":141166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hestback","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70226703,"text":"70226703 - 1995 - Paleoecology of the Springfield Coal Member (Desmoinesian, Illinois Basin) near the Leslie Cemetery paleochannel, southwestern Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-06T19:56:31.876429","indexId":"70226703","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T13:44:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoecology of the Springfield Coal Member (Desmoinesian, Illinois Basin) near the Leslie Cemetery paleochannel, southwestern Indiana","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id7\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id8\"><p>The Springfield Coal Member (Carbondale Group, Petersburg Formation of Indiana) is split locally in Warrick and Gibson Counties, Indiana, by clastic rocks of the Folsomville Member (Carbondale Group, Petersburg Formation) that represent the Leslie Cemetery paleochannel, part of a large, interconnected paleochannel system in the Springfield coal bed. This study incorporated analysis of miospore and megaspore assemblages, coal petrography, plant compression fossils and conodonts from the coal and clastic split to document changes in the swamp and its vegetation in response to the activity of the Leslie Cemetery paleochannel. Palynological and petrographic data indicate that environmental conditions and vegetation in the lower bench of coal near the Leslie Cemetery paleochannel were similar to those found in profiles through the coal bed at sites near the larger, more extensive Galatia paleochannel. Miospore floras of the high-vitrinite, lower bench of coal were dominated by tree-fern miospores, with those of lycopsids ranking second in abundance; megaspore assemblages were dominated by lycopsid megaspores. Near the contacy between the lower bench of coal and clastic split, medullosan prepollen increases in abundance and fusain bands are more common, which may indicate the occurrence of fire, either within or outside the swamp. Vegetation in the Folsomville Member and upper bench of coal differ markedly from that of the lower bench of coal. Plant megafossils from the Folsomville Member indicate dominance by pteridosperms and/or lycopsids and Folsomville Member miospore assemblages are dominated by lycopsid miospores most typically found in mudstones, including<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Lycospora torquifer</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and higher than normal abundances of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Granasporites medius</i>. In the transition from clastic rocks of the Folsomville Member to the upper bench of coal, miospores of ‘ecotonal’ lycopsids (<i>Paralycopodites</i>) reach their peak abundance, pteridosperms dominate megafossil assemblages and inertinite levels are relatively high. At higher levels of the upper bench of coal, vitrinite levels are higher and miospore assemblages are dominated by lycopsid miospores typical of coal swamps (<i>Lycospora granulata, L. pusilla</i>). The presence of conodonts in coalballs in the upper bench of coal and spirorbid worms in the split indicate that the paleoswamp may have received some marine or brackish water influence. Higher than normal salinity levels may explain the vegetational changes observed in the upper bench of coal near the Leslie Cemetery paleochannel.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0166-5162(94)00015-R","usgsCitation":"Willard, D.A., DiMichele, W.A., Eggert, D.L., Hower, J., Rexroad, C.B., and Scott, A.C., 1995, Paleoecology of the Springfield Coal Member (Desmoinesian, Illinois Basin) near the Leslie Cemetery paleochannel, southwestern Indiana: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 27, no. 1, p. 59-98, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(94)00015-R.","productDescription":"40 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"98","costCenters":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Gibson County, Warrick County","otherGeospatial":"Illinois Basin, Leslie Cemetery paleochannel, Springfield Coal Member","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.132080078125,\n              36.641977814705946\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.924072265625,\n              36.641977814705946\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.924072265625,\n              40.72228267283148\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.132080078125,\n              40.72228267283148\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.132080078125,\n              36.641977814705946\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942 dwillard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":2076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra","email":"dwillard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DiMichele, William A.","contributorId":97631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiMichele","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eggert, Donald L.","contributorId":19286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggert","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":33640,"text":"Indiana Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hower, James C. 0000-0003-4694-2776","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-2776","contributorId":34561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hower","given":"James C.","affiliations":[{"id":16123,"text":"University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, United States.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rexroad, Carl B.","contributorId":107881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rexroad","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":33640,"text":"Indiana Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scott, Andrew C.","contributorId":43487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70148572,"text":"70148572 - 1995 - Seabirds in Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70148572,"text":"70148572 - 1995 - Seabirds in Alaska","indexId":"70148572","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Seabirds in Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-18T15:35:21","indexId":"70148572","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Seabirds in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>About 100 million seabirds reside in marine waters of Alaska during some part of the year. Perhaps half this population is composed of 50 species of nonbreeding residents, visitors, and breeding species that use marine habitats only seasonally (Gould et al. 1982). Another 30 species include 40-60 million individuals that breed in Alaska and spend most of their lives in U.S. territorial waters (Sowls et al. 1978). Alaskan populations account for more than 95% of the breeding seabirds in the continental United States, and eight species nest nowhere else in North America (USFWS 1992).</p>\n<p>Seabird nest sites include rock ledges, open ground, underground burrows, and crevices in cliffs or talus. Seabirds take a variety of prey from the ocean, including krill, small fish, and squid. Suitable nest sites and oceanic prey are the most important factors controlling the natural distribution and abundance of seabirds.</p>\n<p>The impetus for seabird monitoring is based partly on public concern for the welfare of these birds, which are affected by a variety of human activities like oil pollution and commercial fishing. Equally important is the role seabirds serve as indicators of ecological change in the marine environment. Seabirds are long-lived and slow to mature, so parameters such as breeding success, diet, or survival rates often give earlier signals of changing environmental conditions that population size itself. Seabird survival data are of interest because they reflect conditions affecting seabirds in the nonbreeding season, when most annual mortality occurs.</p>\n<p>Techniques for monitoring seabird populations vary according to habitat types and the breeding behavior of individual species (Hatch and Hatch 1978, 1989; Byrd et al. 1983). An affordable monitoring program can include but a few of the 1,300 seabird colonies identified in Alaska, and since the mid-1970's, monitoring effotrts have emphasized a small selection of surface-feeding and diving species, primarily kittiwakes (<i>Rissa</i> spp.) and murres (<i>Uria</i> spp.). Little or no information on trends is available for other seabirds (Hatch 1993a). The existing monitoring program occurs largely on sites within the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge, which was established primarily for the conservation of marine birds. Data are collected by refuge staff, other state and federal agencies, private organizations, university faculty, and students.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Biological Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., and Piatt, J.F., 1995, Seabirds in Alaska, chap. <i>of</i> Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems, p. 49-52.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"52","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":301224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339880,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.webharvest.gov/peth04/20041019015728/https://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/index.htm","linkHelpText":"Archived website"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"557ff73ce4b023124e8ef98d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"LaRoe, Edward T.","contributorId":112276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaRoe","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691797,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farris, Gaye S.","contributorId":84410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farris","given":"Gaye","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691798,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puckett, Catherine E. cpuckett@usgs.gov","contributorId":4629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckett","given":"Catherine","email":"cpuckett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":691799,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doran, Peter D.","contributorId":17533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691800,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mac, Michael J.","contributorId":16772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mac","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691801,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":4842,"text":"4842 - 1995 - Information and technology report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T12:40:41","indexId":"4842","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T12:39:57","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Information and technology report","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"National Biological Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/4842","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Information and technology report, https://doi.org/10.3133/4842.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289912,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c4fc37e4b0b58d96eeb5c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70068765,"text":"70068765 - 1995 - Water quality and agricultural runoff: monitoring results from two Tennessee hydrologic unit areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T12:37:55","indexId":"70068765","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T12:35:06","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3186,"text":"Proceedings of the annual meeting - Tennessee Forage and Grassland Council","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water quality and agricultural runoff: monitoring results from two Tennessee hydrologic unit areas","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the annual meeting - Tennessee Forage and Grassland Council","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Tennessee Forage and Grassland Council","usgsCitation":"Byl, T.D., 1995, Water quality and agricultural runoff: monitoring results from two Tennessee hydrologic unit areas: Proceedings of the annual meeting - Tennessee Forage and Grassland Council, p. 23-28.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280878,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.3103,34.983 ], [ -90.3103,36.6781 ], [ -81.6469,36.6781 ], [ -81.6469,34.983 ], [ -90.3103,34.983 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7c1fe4b0b2908510e8a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byl, Tom D.","contributorId":103173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byl","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70148456,"text":"70148456 - 1995 - Canada geese in North America","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70148456,"text":"70148456 - 1995 - Canada geese in North America","indexId":"70148456","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Canada geese in North America"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-18T15:16:52","indexId":"70148456","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Canada geese in North America","docAbstract":"<p>Canada geese (<i>Branta canadensis</i>) are probably more abundant now than at any time in history. They rank first among wildlife watchers and second among harvests of waterfowl species in North America. Canada geese are also the most widely distributed and phenotypically (visible characteristics of the birds) variable species of bird in North America. Breeding populations now exist in every province and territory of Canada and in 49 of the 50 United States. The size of the 12 recognized subspecies range from 1.4 kg (3-lb) cackling Canada goose (<i>B.c. minima</i>) to the 5.0 kg (11-lb) giant Canada goose (<i>B.c. maxima</i>; Delacour 1954; Bellrose 1976).</p>\n<p>Market hunting and poor stewardship led to record low numbers of geese in the early 1900's, but regulated seasons including closures, refuges, and law enforcement led to restoration of most populations. Winter surveys were begun to study population trends and set responsible harvest regulations for these long-lived and diverse birds. Winter surveys begun in 1936-37 probably represent the oldest continuing index of migratory birds in North America.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Biological Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Rusch, D.H., Malecki, R.E., and Trost, R.E., 1995, Canada geese in North America, chap. <i>of</i> Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems, p. 26-28.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"26","endPage":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":301063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339875,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.webharvest.gov/peth04/20041019015728/https://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/index.htm","linkHelpText":"Archived website"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5576bcade4b032353cb54ed0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"LaRoe, Edward T.","contributorId":112276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaRoe","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691777,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farris, Gaye S.","contributorId":84410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farris","given":"Gaye","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691778,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puckett, Catherine E. cpuckett@usgs.gov","contributorId":4629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckett","given":"Catherine","email":"cpuckett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":691779,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doran, Peter D.","contributorId":17533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691780,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mac, Michael J.","contributorId":16772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mac","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691781,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Rusch, Donald H.","contributorId":111715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rusch","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malecki, Richard E.","contributorId":141081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malecki","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trost, Robert E.","contributorId":114181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trost","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70244283,"text":"70244283 - 1995 - Geology, hydrology, and mechanics of a slow-moving, clay-rich landslide, Honolulu, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-12T17:30:24.477655","indexId":"70244283","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T11:52:06","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geology, hydrology, and mechanics of a slow-moving, clay-rich landslide, Honolulu, Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Alani-Paty landslide has damaged streets, utilities, and homes built on a debris apron in Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaii. Failure of weathered, crudely stratified, highly plastic, debris-apron deposits has created several similar landslides in southeastern Oahu. The Alani-Paty landslide affects about 60 residential lots. It is about 300 m long, 160 m wide, 7-10 m thick, and consists of two main kinematic elements that are separated by a right-lateral shear zone. One element has moved about 4 m, mainly by translation, down a slope of about 12°, and the adjacent element has moved about 3 m down a slope of 9°. Longitudinal stretching in the upslope third and shortening in the downslope two-thirds characterize deformation in each element; landslides in Ohio, Utah, and Colorado have deformed similarly. Smectite-rich clay layers within the deposits are medium to stiff, and measured angles of residual friction range from 6° to 11° with cohesion intercepts less than 12.5 kPa. Saturated hydraulic conductivity within the landslide decreases with depth; below the slip surface, the hydraulic conductivity increases. Rainfall infiltrates at the ground surface, percolates downward and perches on the zone of low hydraulic conductivity near the slip surface, keeping the slide mostly saturated year round. The main body of the landslide moves during rainy periods, when the ten-day average rainfall exceeds 25 mm/day and the pore-water pressures in the upslope quarter of the landslide increase 10-30 kPa. Pore pressure increases within the landslide occur 1-2 days following the onset of rainfall and result from infiltration of rainfall and runoff; after materials above the perennial water table become saturated, downward propagating pressure waves triggered by bursts of intense rainfall produce further, short-lived increases in pore pressure. This elevated pore pressure at the slip surface triggers movement. The ground-water response in the upslope quarter of the landslide is relatively rapid compared to responses in other landslides described in the literature.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Clay and shale slope instability","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/REG10-p79","usgsCitation":"Baum, R.L., and Reid, M.E., 1995, Geology, hydrology, and mechanics of a slow-moving, clay-rich landslide, Honolulu, Hawaii, chap. <i>of</i> Clay and shale slope instability, v. 10, p. 79-106, https://doi.org/10.1130/REG10-p79.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"106","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":418019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","city":"Honolulu","otherGeospatial":"Manoa Valley, Oahu","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.8184109527665,\n              21.30543555795343\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.80371619605586,\n              21.292522388713877\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.79353005788158,\n              21.303568663893586\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.78818650998676,\n              21.31259176540368\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.78685062301315,\n              21.32488096016111\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.79236115677952,\n              21.329391925400714\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.8184109527665,\n              21.30543555795343\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Haneberg, William C.","contributorId":57121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haneberg","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875171,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Scott A. 0000-0003-1678-5204 swanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1678-5204","contributorId":150073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Scott","email":"swanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":875172,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, Mark E. 0000-0002-5595-1503 mreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1503","contributorId":1167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Mark","email":"mreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":25033,"text":"25033 - 1995 - Biological science report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T11:40:05","indexId":"25033","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T11:38:50","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Biological science report","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"National Biological Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/25033","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Biological science report, https://doi.org/10.3133/25033.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289901,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c4fbf3e4b0b58d96eeb552","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70100267,"text":"70100267 - 1995 - Deep tunnel detection using crosshole radar tomography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-15T07:21:39","indexId":"70100267","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T11:35:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Deep tunnel detection using crosshole radar tomography","docAbstract":"As part of continuing research aimed at the detection of subsurface tunnels and voids, the U.S. Bureau of Mines\nrecently completed a cooperative study with the U.S. Geological Survey at a surface gold mine in the Black\nHills mining district of South Dakota. The occurrence of older, poorly mapped mine workings in the section\ncreate a consistent health and safety concern for mine employees as well as economic concerns about potential\ndamage to equipment during daily operations at the mine. Accurate knowledge regarding the location of these\nabandoned tunnels prior to interception by the current mining operation would be beneficial. Previous research\nefforts on site have demonstrated the suitability of several surface geophysical technologies in detecting shallow\nworkings which present an immediate problem in the safe conduct of the mine operation. Another concern is\nthe existence of deeper abandoned mine tunnels, which occur further in advance of the surface mining operation.\nIn the design and development of a new mine pit, the placement of access roads over a tunnel would be\nhazardous, due to the volume of traffic and the weight these haulage trucks can carry. In this study we evaluate\ncross borehole radar tomography methods which might be used to image mine openings in the deep subsurface,\nand lead to more prudent placement of pit haulage roadways. A pulsed radar system was used to collect both\nvelocity and amplitude information about local rock conditions, and multiple borehole data allowed for the use\nof 3-D imaging techniques.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems: SAGEEP '95","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"8th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems","conferenceDate":"1995","conferenceLocation":"Orlando, FL","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Hauser, K., Jackson, M., Lane, J., and Hodges, R., 1995, Deep tunnel detection using crosshole radar tomography, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems: SAGEEP '95, Orlando, FL, 1995, p. 853-857.","productDescription":"5 p. ","startPage":"853","endPage":"857","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285143,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South 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,{"id":70199485,"text":"70199485 - 1995 - Effect of predation by Sacramento squawfish (Ptychocheilus grandis) on habitat choice of California roach (Lavinia symmetricus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in artificial streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T11:09:17","indexId":"70199485","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T11:08:49","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of predation by Sacramento squawfish (Ptychocheilus grandis) on habitat choice of California roach (Lavinia symmetricus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in artificial streams","docAbstract":"<p><span>We studied the effects of predatory Sacramento squawfish (</span><i>Ptychocheilus grandis</i><span>) on habitat choice of juvenile California roach (</span><i>Lavinia symmetricus</i><span>), adult roach, and juvenile rainbow trout (</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>) in artificial streams. In single-prey trials, the proportion of fish found in pool habitat declined in the presence of squawfish for juvenile roach (from 0.55 to 0.00), adult roach (from 0.88 to 0.13), and juvenile rainbow trout (0.70 to 0.15). The presence of squawfish did not affect the use of riffle and edge habitats. Of the fish found in shallow water, the proportion found in edge habitat declined from juvenile roach (0.95) to adult roach (0.80) to juvenile rainbow trout (0.23). We also conducted experiments designed to simulate invasion of an area by squawfish, in which adult roach and juvenile rainbow trout were tested together in the presence and absence of squawfish. The proportion of prey in pool habitat in the presence of squawfish was greater in the two-prey trials than in the single-prey trials for both adult roach (0.31 and 0.13, respectively) and juvenile rainbow trout (0.33 and 0.15, respectively). These results support field evidence that squawfish are an important force in determining the spatial structure of native stream fish assemblages.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1139/f95-758","usgsCitation":"Brown, L.R., and Brasher, A.M., 1995, Effect of predation by Sacramento squawfish (Ptychocheilus grandis) on habitat choice of California roach (Lavinia symmetricus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in artificial streams: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 52, no. 8, p. 1639-1646, https://doi.org/10.1139/f95-758.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1639","endPage":"1646","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357482,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","volume":"52","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc3e4b034bf6a8117b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brasher, Anne M. D. abrasher@usgs.gov","contributorId":1715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brasher","given":"Anne","email":"abrasher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":745558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70246548,"text":"70246548 - 1995 - Tertiary volcanic rocks from the southern Pannonian Basin, Croatia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-10T14:00:08.0904","indexId":"70246548","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T11:08:31","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tertiary volcanic rocks from the southern Pannonian Basin, Croatia","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Tertiary volcanic rocks of the southern part of the Pannonian Basin are related to a sequence of tectonic events that occurred along the northern margin of the Dinarides when subduction ceased and after uplift of the region in middle Eocene time. The oldest rocks are andesites and dacites erupted during an Egerian to Eggenburgian marine transpression phase. In early Miocene time (about 17 Ma), rifting started, probably caused by the rise of the mantle, resulting in E-W extension and strike-slip faulting leading to formation of the Pannonian Basin. The initial rifting was accompanied by trachyandesitic volcanism of Karpathian age, followed by Badenian-age (15 to 13 Ma) volcanic activity producing basalts, andesites, and dacites. During these volcanic phases the Pannonian Basin, or the Paratethys, probably was periodically connected with the Mediterranean Sea. The final period of volcanism (about 9 to 7 Ma) produced alkalic basalts and basalts and occurred in fresh-water environments. These volcanic rocks have had a complex petrological evolution, related to an active continental margin. Egerian-Eggenburgian andesites and dacites can be explained by upper crustal assimilation with fractional crystallization (ACF) of primary basalt magma. The three younger associations originated by partial melting of rocks from both the upper mantle and the lower crust. Their evolution was accompanied by crustal contamination.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00206819509465404","usgsCitation":"Pamic, J.J., McKee, E.H., Bullen, T.D., and Lanphere, M.A., 1995, Tertiary volcanic rocks from the southern Pannonian Basin, Croatia: International Geology Review, v. 37, no. 3, p. 259-283, https://doi.org/10.1080/00206819509465404.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"283","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418771,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Croatia","otherGeospatial":"Carpathian Basin, Pannonian Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n   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mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":877122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bullen, Thomas D. 0000-0003-2281-1691 tdbullen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-1691","contributorId":1969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"Thomas","email":"tdbullen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":877123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":877124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70205785,"text":"70205785 - 1995 - Seagrass distribution in the Northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70205785,"text":"70205785 - 1995 - Seagrass distribution in the Northern Gulf of Mexico","indexId":"70205785","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Seagrass distribution in the Northern Gulf of Mexico"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-03T10:46:38","indexId":"70205785","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T10:40:33","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"title":"Seagrass distribution in the Northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">S</span><span>eagrass ecosystems are widely recognized as some of the most productive benthic habitats in estuarine and nearshore waters of the gulf coast. Seagrass meadows provide food for wintering waterfowl and important spawning and foraging habitat for several species of commercially important finfish and shellfish. Physical structure provided by seagrasses affords juveniles refuge from predation and allows for attachment of epiphytes and benthic organisms. Seagrass communities also support several endangered and threatened species, including some sea turtles and manatees. Changes in seagrass distribution can reflect the health of a water body, and losses of seagrasses may signal water-quality problems in coastal waters. Losses of seagrasses in the northern Gulf of Mexico over the last five decades have been extensive--from 20% to 100% for most estuaries, with only a few areas experiencing increases in seagrasses.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Biological Service","usgsCitation":"Handley, L.R., 1995, Seagrass distribution in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, chap. <i>of</i> Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems, p. 273-275.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"275","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367956,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":367955,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.webharvest.gov/peth04/20041031102623/https://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/noframe/m4144.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Northern Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.2177734375,\n              25.12539261151203\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.771484375,\n              25.12539261151203\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.771484375,\n              30.789036751261136\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.2177734375,\n              30.789036751261136\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.2177734375,\n              25.12539261151203\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Handley, Lawrence R. handleyl@usgs.gov","contributorId":3459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handley","given":"Lawrence","email":"handleyl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70199715,"text":"70199715 - 1995 - Land subsidence in drained histosols and highly organic mineral soils of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T10:29:45","indexId":"70199715","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T10:29:02","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land subsidence in drained histosols and highly organic mineral soils of California","docAbstract":"<p>This study was conducted to determine historical trends in subsidence in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and their environmental controls. In the western Delta, average subsidence rates were 2.3 cm yr-1 from 1910 to 1.5 cm yr-1 from 1952 to 1988. Spatially variability in subsidence was correlated with organic matter content of the soil which in turn was related to the depositional and drainage history of the Delta. Subsidence rates appaeared to be independent of crops grown.<br></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.2136/sssaj1995.03615995005900040031x","usgsCitation":"Rojstaczer, S., and Deverel, S.J., 1995, Land subsidence in drained histosols and highly organic mineral soils of California: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 59, no. 4, p. 1162-1167, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1995.03615995005900040031x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1162","endPage":"1167","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","volume":"59","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc4e4b034bf6a8117bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rojstaczer, Stuart","contributorId":102101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rojstaczer","given":"Stuart","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deverel, Steven J.","contributorId":208022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deverel","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":72637,"text":"wsp2467 - 1995 - Geohydrologic framework, historical development of the ground-water system and general hydrologic and water-quality condiitons in 1990, south San Francisco Bay and peninsula area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-17T10:30:36","indexId":"wsp2467","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T10:28:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2467","title":"Geohydrologic framework, historical development of the ground-water system and general hydrologic and water-quality condiitons in 1990, south San Francisco Bay and peninsula area, California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","doi":"10.3133/wsp2467","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bay Area Water Users Association.","usgsCitation":"Fio, J.L., and Leighton, D.A., 1995, Geohydrologic framework, historical development of the ground-water system and general hydrologic and water-quality condiitons in 1990, south San Francisco Bay and peninsula area, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2467, vi, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2467.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","numberOfPages":"52","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290351,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5101,36.9442 ], [ -122.5101,37.9279 ], [ -121.8855,37.9279 ], [ -121.8855,36.9442 ], [ -122.5101,36.9442 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5b34e4b0b290850f9d7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fio, John L.","contributorId":77543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fio","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leighton, David A.","contributorId":95493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leighton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70006588,"text":"70006588 - 1995 - Disease considerations for waterfowl managers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-02T10:10:00","indexId":"70006588","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T10:05:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"Disease considerations for waterfowl managers","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterfowl habitat restoration enhancement and management in the Atlantic Flyway","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control","publisherLocation":"Dover, DE","usgsCitation":"Friend, M., 1995, Disease considerations for waterfowl managers (3rd), 82 p.","productDescription":"82 p.","startPage":"J24","endPage":"J105","numberOfPages":"82","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287947,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"3rd","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7684e4b0abf75cf2bf84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friend, Milton 0000-0002-2882-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3629","contributorId":31332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"Milton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006399,"text":"70006399 - 1995 - Northern Pintail (<i>Anas acuta</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-01T10:07:10","indexId":"70006399","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T10:04:28","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Northern Pintail (<i>Anas acuta</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>The Northern Pintail is a medium-sized dabbling duck of slender, elegant lines and conservative plumage coloration. It is circumpolar in distribution and abundant in North America, with core nesting habitat in Alaska and the Prairie Pothole Region of southern Canada and the northern Great Plains. Breeders favor shallow wetlands interspersed throughout prairie grasslands or arctic tundra. An early fall migrant, the species arrives on wintering areas beginning in August, after wing molt, often forming large roosting and feeding flocks on open, shallow wetlands and flooded agricultural fields. The birds consume grains, marsh plant seeds, and aquatic invertebrates throughout the fall and winter.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Northern Pintails are among the earliest nesting ducks in North America, beginning shortly after ice-out in many northern areas. Individuals form new pair bonds each winter but are highly promiscuous during the nesting season, with mated and unmated males often involved in vigorous, acrobatic Pursuit Flights. Annual nest success and productivity vary with water conditions, predation, and weather. Females build nests on the ground, often long distances from water. Only the female incubates; her mate leaves shortly after incubation begins. Ducklings hatch together in one day, follow the female to water after a day in the nest, and fledge by July or August. Adults and ducklings consume mainly aquatic invertebrates during the breeding season.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Predators and farming operations destroy many thousands of Northern Pintail nests annually; farming has also greatly reduced the amount of quality nesting cover available. Winter habitats are threatened by water shortages, agricultural development, contamination, and urbanization. Periods of extended drought in prairie nesting regions have caused dramatic population declines, usually followed by periods of recovery. Over the long term, however, the continental population of Northern Pintails has declined significantly from 6 million birds in the early 1970s to less than 3 million in the late 1980s and early 1990s. However, new conservation measures, such as habitat restoration and enhancement of agricultural lands, as well as prudent harvest restrictions, suggest that Northern Pintails should have a secure future in North America.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Birds of North America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Academy of Natural Sciences; American Ornithologists' Union","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA; Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Austin, J.E., and Miller, M.R., 1995, Northern Pintail (<i>Anas acuta</i>), chap. <i>of</i> The Birds of North America.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3d86ae4b07c5f79a7f34a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poole, A.","contributorId":113515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poole","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508321,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, F.","contributorId":114156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508322,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Austin, J. E.","contributorId":5999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, M. R.","contributorId":19104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199605,"text":"70199605 - 1995 - Applications of the transient tracers tritium/helium-3, and chlorofluorocarbons for tracing and age-dating yound ground water: Field examples from the USA and Germany","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T10:07:03","indexId":"70199605","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T10:04:03","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Applications of the transient tracers tritium/helium-3, and chlorofluorocarbons for tracing and age-dating yound ground water: Field examples from the USA and Germany","docAbstract":"<p><span>The transient tracers tritium/helium-3 (</span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113) are well suited for tracing and age-dating young ground water. Their detection in ground water indicates waters recharged within the past 30 (</span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He, CFC-113) to 50 (CFC-11, CFC-12) years, or ground water mixtures that contain at least a portion of young water. The ground water age can be determined independently from measurements of&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He, CFC-11, CFC-12, and CFC-113, and in each case refers to the time elapsed since the recharge water was isolated from the soil air. Ground water age can be used to define recharge rates and refine numerical models of ground water flow. Transient tracers are particularly useful in characterising ground water flow in hydrologic systems where, because of insufficient geologic and hydro-logic data, numerical simulation may be difficult. Transient tracers are also useful in defining movement of ground water contaminants in studies aimed, for example, at the design of strategies to safeguard drinking water supplies.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contaminated soil '95: Soils & environment","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-94-011-0415-9_33","usgsCitation":"Drenkard, S., Plummer, N., Busenberg, E., Schlosser, P., Stute, M., and Dorr, H., 1995, Applications of the transient tracers tritium/helium-3, and chlorofluorocarbons for tracing and age-dating yound ground water: Field examples from the USA and Germany, chap. <i>of</i> Contaminated soil '95: Soils & environment, p. 195-196, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0415-9_33.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"196","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357612,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc4e4b034bf6a8117bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenkard, S.","contributorId":89292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenkard","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schlosser, P.","contributorId":106656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlosser","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stute, M.","contributorId":67234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stute","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dorr, H.","contributorId":208112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorr","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70199601,"text":"70199601 - 1995 - Interpreting spatial profiles of concentration in acid mine drainage streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T09:45:40","indexId":"70199601","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T09:43:18","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Interpreting spatial profiles of concentration in acid mine drainage streams","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water resources at risk, Denver, Colorado ","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Hydrology","publisherLocation":"Minneapolis, Minnesota","usgsCitation":"Broshears, R., Kimball, B.A., and Runkel, R.L., 1995, Interpreting spatial profiles of concentration in acid mine drainage streams, chap. <i>of</i> Water resources at risk, Denver, Colorado , p. 10-21.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"21","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc5e4b034bf6a8117bf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hotchkiss, W. R.","contributorId":61820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hotchkiss","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745950,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Downey, J. S.","contributorId":100013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745951,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gutentag, E. D.","contributorId":70015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutentag","given":"E. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745952,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Broshears, R. E.","contributorId":116495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broshears","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":44365,"text":"ofr95131 - 1995 - Bibliography of reports from the Volcano Hazards Program, Water Resources Division, 1980-1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-01T11:01:39","indexId":"ofr95131","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T09:40:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-131","title":"Bibliography of reports from the Volcano Hazards Program, Water Resources Division, 1980-1994","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95131","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Bibliography of reports from the Volcano Hazards Program, Water Resources Division, 1980-1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-131, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95131.","productDescription":"25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1980-01-01","temporalEnd":"1994-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291563,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr95131.PNG"},{"id":328159,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0131/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e09e45e4b0beb42bdca3a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70094635,"text":"70094635 - 1995 - Preliminary development of the LBL/USGS three-dimensional site-scale model of Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-21T09:47:11","indexId":"70094635","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T09:32:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"seriesNumber":"LBL-37356/UC-814","title":"Preliminary development of the LBL/USGS three-dimensional site-scale model of Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional model of moisture flow within the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain is being developed at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). This site-scale model covers and area of about 34 km<sup>2</sup> and is bounded by major faults to the north, east and west. The model geometry is defined (1) to represent the variations of hydrogeological units between the ground surface and the water table; (2) to be able to reproduce the effect of abrupt changes in hydrogeological parameters at the boundaries between hyrdogeological units; and (3) to include the influence of major faults. A detailed numerical grid has been developed based on the locations of boreholes, different infiltration zones, hydrogeological units and their outcrops, major faults, and water level data. Contour maps and isopatch maps are presented defining different types of infiltration zones, and the spatial distribution of Tiva Canyon, Paintbrush, and Topopah Spring hydrogeological units. The grid geometry consists of seventeen non-uniform layers which represent the lithological variations within the four main welded and non-welded hydrogeological units. Matrix flow is approximated using the van Genuchten model, and the equivalent continuum approximation is used to account for fracture flow in the welded units. The fault zones are explicitly modeled as porous medium using various assumptions regarding their permeabilities and characteristic curves. One-, two-, and three-dimensional simulations are conducted using the TOUGH2 computer program. Steady-state simulations are performed with various uniform and non-uniform infiltration rates. The results are interpreted in terms of the effect of fault characteristics on the moisture flow distribution, and on location and formation of preferential pathways.","language":"English","publisher":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory","publisherLocation":"Berkeley, CA","collaboration":"This work was prepared under U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098, and DE-A108-78ET44802 administered by the Nevada Operations Office in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey, Denver.","usgsCitation":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1995, Preliminary development of the LBL/USGS three-dimensional site-scale model of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, xi, 69 p.","productDescription":"xi, 69 p.","numberOfPages":"101","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282614,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.75,36.75 ], [ -116.75,37.0 ], [ -116.25,37.0 ], [ -116.25,36.75 ], [ -116.75,36.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6cb6e4b0b29085104b76"}
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