The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 318 to the Wilkes Land margin of Antarctica recovered a sedimentary succession ranging in age from lower Eocene to the Holocene. Excellent stratigraphic control is key to understanding the timing of paleoceanographic events through critical climate intervals. Drill sites recovered the lower and middle Eocene, nearly the entire Oligocene, the Miocene from about 17 Ma, the entire Pliocene and much of the Pleistocene. The paleomagnetic properties are generally suitable for magnetostratigraphic interpretation, with well-behaved demagnetization diagrams, uniform distribution of declinations, and a clear separation into two inclination modes. Although the sequences were discontinuously recovered with many gaps due to coring, and there are hiatuses from sedimentary and tectonic processes, the magnetostratigraphic patterns are in general readily interpretable. Our interpretations are integrated with the diatom, radiolarian, calcareous nannofossils and dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) biostratigraphy. The magnetostratigraphy significantly improves the resolution of the chronostratigraphy, particularly in intervals with poor biostratigraphic control. However, Southern Ocean records with reliable magnetostratigraphies are notably scarce, and the data reported here provide an opportunity for improved calibration of the biostratigraphic records. In particular, we provide a rare magnetostratigraphic calibration for dinocyst biostratigraphy in the Paleogene and a substantially improved diatom calibration for the Pliocene. This paper presents the stratigraphic framework for future paleoceanographic proxy records which are being developed for the Wilkes Land margin cores. It further provides tight constraints on the duration of regional hiatuses inferred from seismic surveys of the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2012PA002308","usgsCitation":"Tauxe, L., Stickley, C., Sugisaki, S., Bijl, P., Bohaty, S.M., Brinkhuis, H., Escutia, C., Flores, J., Houben, A., Iwai, M., Jimenez-Espejo, F., McKay, R., Passchier, S., Pross, J., Riesselman, C., Röhl, U., Sangiorgi, F., Welsh, K., Klaus, A., Fehr, A., Bendle, J., Dunbar, R., Gonzalez, J., Hayden, T., Katsuki, K., Olney, M., Pekar, S., Shrivastava, P., van de Flierdt, T., Williams, T., and Yamane, M., 2012, Chronostratigraphic framework for the IODP Expedition 318 cores from the Wilkes Land Margin: Constraints for paleoceanographic reconstruction: Paleoceanography, v. 27, no. 2, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2012PA002308.","productDescription":"19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-038138","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012pa002308","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342498,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59424b3de4b0764e6c65dc79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tauxe, L.","contributorId":53522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tauxe","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stickley, C.E.","contributorId":64523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickley","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sugisaki, S.","contributorId":192929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sugisaki","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bijl, P.K.","contributorId":192930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bijl","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bohaty, S. 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The new systems have been installed at more than 20 VA medical campuses across the country. These monitoring systems, which combine sensitive accelerometers and real-time computer calculations, are capable of determining the structural health of each structure rapidly after an event, helping to ensure the safety of patients and staff.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123094","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Advanced National Seismic System and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","usgsCitation":"Kalkan, E., Banga, K., Ulusoy, H.S., Fletcher, J.P., Leith, W.S., and Blair, J.L., 2012, Helping safeguard Veterans Affairs' hospital buildings by advanced earthquake monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3094, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123094.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3094.gif"},{"id":258960,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3094/fs2012-3094.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258959,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3094/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a304ce4b0c8380cd5d514","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkan, Erol 0000-0002-9138-9407 ekalkan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9138-9407","contributorId":1218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkan","given":"Erol","email":"ekalkan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banga, Krishna","contributorId":33152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banga","given":"Krishna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ulusoy, Hasan S. hulusoy@usgs.gov","contributorId":5360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulusoy","given":"Hasan","email":"hulusoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fletcher, Jon Peter B. 0000-0001-8885-6177 jfletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-6177","contributorId":1216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Jon","email":"jfletcher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Peter B.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leith, William S. 0000-0002-3463-3119 wleith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-3119","contributorId":2248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leith","given":"William","email":"wleith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blair, James L.","contributorId":27734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blair","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70039056,"text":"sir20125143 - 2012 - A multi-refuge study to evaluate the effectiveness of growing-season and dormant-season burns to control cattail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T11:04:51","indexId":"sir20125143","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5143","title":"A multi-refuge study to evaluate the effectiveness of growing-season and dormant-season burns to control cattail","docAbstract":"Proliferation of invasive cattails (for example, Typha x glauca, T. angustifolia) is a concern of wetland managers across the country, and numerous methods have been used to control the spatial extent and density of the plant. To date, however, no single method has proven widely or consistently effective at reducing the long-term growth and spread of these species. We performed a multi-refuge study to evaluate the relative effects of growing-season and dormant-season prescribed burns on cattail production and to gain insight on variables such as soil moisture, groundwater, and biomass that affect the efficacy of burning as a control method. Results indicate total cattail cover recovers to pre-burn levels within 1 year regardless of whether the controlled burn was implemented during the growing season or dormant season. Growing-season burns, however, did result in lower aboveground and belowground cattail biomass 1-year post-burn, whereas no significant change in biomass was detected for dormant-season burns. Study results support the premise that burns implemented during the growing season should have a greater effect on nutrient reserves and cattail re-growth. Results from this and other studies suggest long-term research that incorporates multiple management strategies will be required to evaluate the potential of prescribed burning as a method to control cattail.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125143","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Gleason, R.A., Tangen, B., Laubhan, M.K., and Lor, S., 2012, A multi-refuge study to evaluate the effectiveness of growing-season and dormant-season burns to control cattail: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5143, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125143.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5143.gif"},{"id":258947,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5143/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258948,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5143/sir2012-5143.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e48ae4b0c8380cd466e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gleason, Robert A. 0000-0001-5308-8657 rgleason@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-8657","contributorId":2402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleason","given":"Robert","email":"rgleason@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tangen, Brian A.","contributorId":78419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tangen","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laubhan, Murray K.","contributorId":100324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laubhan","given":"Murray","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lor, Socheata","contributorId":48812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lor","given":"Socheata","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70039055,"text":"sim3185 - 2012 - Flood-Inundation Maps for a 1.6-Mile Reach of Salt Creek, Wood Dale, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-18T01:01:44","indexId":"sim3185","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3185","title":"Flood-Inundation Maps for a 1.6-Mile Reach of Salt Creek, Wood Dale, Illinois","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 1.6-mile reach of Salt Creek from upstream of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad to Elizabeth Drive, Wood Dale, Illinois, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the DuPage County Stormwater Management Division. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/ depict estimates of the areal extent of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (gage heights) at the USGS streamgage on Salt Creek at Wood Dale, Illinois (station number 05531175). Current conditions at the USGS streamgage may be obtained on the Internet at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/nwis/uv?05531175. In this study, flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional unsteady flow Full EQuations (FEQ) model. The unsteady flow model was verified by comparing the rating curve output for a September 2008 flood event to discharge measurements collected at the Salt Creek at Wood Dale gage. The hydraulic model was then used to determine 14 water-surface profiles for gage heights at 0.5-ft intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from less than bankfull to approximately the highest recorded water level at the streamgage. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a Geographic Information System (GIS) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) (derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level. The areal extent of the inundation was verified with high-water marks from a flood in July 2010 with a peak gage height of 14.08 ft recorded at the Salt Creek at Wood Dale gage. The availability of these maps along with Internet information regarding current gage height from USGS streamgages provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3185","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the DuPage County Stormwater Management Division","usgsCitation":"Soong, D., Murphy, E., and Sharpe, J.B., 2012, Flood-Inundation Maps for a 1.6-Mile Reach of Salt Creek, Wood Dale, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3185, v, 8 p.; Downloads Directory; PDF Downloads of Sheets 1-14: 18x 22 inches; ZIP Downloads of All 14 Map Sheets, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3185.","productDescription":"v, 8 p.; Downloads Directory; PDF Downloads of Sheets 1-14: 18x 22 inches; ZIP Downloads of All 14 Map Sheets","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3185.gif"},{"id":258949,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3185/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258950,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3185/contents/SIM3185_pamphlet.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"6500","projection":"Transverse Mercator","datum":"NAD 83","country":"United States","state":"Illinois","county":"Dupage County","city":"Wood Dale","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.98444444444445,41.95 ], [ -87.98444444444445,41.967222222222226 ], [ -87.96777777777778,41.967222222222226 ], [ -87.96777777777778,41.95 ], [ -87.98444444444445,41.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1158e4b0c8380cd53f7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soong, David T.","contributorId":87487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soong","given":"David T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":69660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharpe, Jennifer B. 0000-0002-5192-7848 jbsharpe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-7848","contributorId":2825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharpe","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbsharpe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70039079,"text":"fs20123095 - 2012 - Wildfire effects on source-water quality--Lessons from Fourmile Canyon fire, Colorado, and implications for drinking-water treatment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-18T01:01:44","indexId":"fs20123095","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3095","title":"Wildfire effects on source-water quality--Lessons from Fourmile Canyon fire, Colorado, and implications for drinking-water treatment","docAbstract":"Forested watersheds provide high-quality source water for many communities in the western United States. These watersheds are vulnerable to wildfires, and wildfire size, fire severity, and length of fire season have increased since the middle 1980s (Westerling and others, 2006). Burned watersheds are prone to increased flooding and erosion, which can impair water-supply reservoirs, water quality, and drinking-water treatment processes. Limited information exists on the degree, timing, and duration of the effects of wildfire on water quality, making it difficult for drinking-water providers to evaluate the risk and develop management options. In order to evaluate the effects of wildfire on water quality and downstream ecosystems in the Colorado Front Range, the U.S. Geological Survey initiated a study after the 2010 Fourmile Canyon fire near Boulder, Colorado. Hydrologists frequently sampled Fourmile Creek at monitoring sites upstream and downstream of the burned area to study water-quality changes during hydrologic conditions such as base flow, spring snowmelt, and summer thunderstorms. This fact sheet summarizes principal findings from the first year of research. Stream discharge and nitrate concentrations increased downstream of the burned area during snowmelt runoff, but increases were probably within the treatment capacity of most drinking-water plants, and limited changes were observed in downstream ecosystems. During and after high-intensity thunderstorms, however, turbidity, dissolved organic carbon, nitrate, and some metals increased by 1 to 4 orders of magnitude within and downstream of the burned area. Increases of such magnitude can pose problems for water-supply reservoirs, drinking-water treatment plants, and downstream aquatic ecosystems.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123095","usgsCitation":"Writer, J.H., and Murphy, S.F., 2012, Wildfire effects on source-water quality--Lessons from Fourmile Canyon fire, Colorado, and implications for drinking-water treatment: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3095, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123095.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3095.gif"},{"id":258965,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3095/FS12-3095.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258964,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3095/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Fourmile Canyon","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0cbe4b08c986b32f07c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Writer, Jeffrey H. jwriter@usgs.gov","contributorId":1393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Writer","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwriter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, Sheila F. 0000-0002-5481-3635 sfmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-3635","contributorId":1854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sheila","email":"sfmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70039066,"text":"fs20123037 - 2012 - Groundwater quality in the Upper Santa Ana Watershed study unit, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-18T01:01:44","indexId":"fs20123037","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3037","title":"Groundwater quality in the Upper Santa Ana Watershed study unit, California","docAbstract":"Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California's drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State's groundwater quality and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. The Upper Santa Ana Watershed is one of the study units being evaluated.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123037","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey and the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Kent, R., and Belitz, K., 2012, Groundwater quality in the Upper Santa Ana Watershed study unit, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3037, 4 p.; HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123037.","productDescription":"4 p.; HTML Document","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3037.jpg"},{"id":258957,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3037/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258958,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3037/pdf/fs20123037.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Upper Santa Ana Watershed","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dbae4b0c8380cd5bfd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kent, Robert 0000-0003-4174-9467","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-9467","contributorId":20005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70039049,"text":"70039049 - 2012 - Soil property control of biogeochemical processes beneath two subtropical stormwater infiltration basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-18T01:01:44","indexId":"70039049","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil property control of biogeochemical processes beneath two subtropical stormwater infiltration basins","docAbstract":"Substantially different biogeochemical processes affecting nitrogen fate and transport were observed beneath two stormwater infiltration basins in north-central Florida. Differences are related to soil textural properties that deeply link hydroclimatic conditions with soil moisture variations in a humid, subtropical climate. During 2008, shallow groundwater beneath the basin with predominantly clayey soils (median, 41% silt+clay) exhibited decreases in dissolved oxygen from 3.8 to 0.1 mg L-1 and decreases in nitrate nitrogen (NO3-–N) from 2.7 mg L-1 to <0.016 mg L-1, followed by manganese and iron reduction, sulfate reduction, and methanogenesis. In contrast, beneath the basin with predominantly sandy soils (median, 2% silt+clay), aerobic conditions persisted from 2007 through 2009 (dissolved oxygen, 5.0–7.8 mg L-1), resulting in NO3-–N of 1.3 to 3.3 mg L-1 in shallow groundwater. Enrichment of d15N and d18O of NO3- combined with water chemistry data indicates denitrification beneath the clayey basin and relatively conservative NO3- transport beneath the sandy basin. Soil-extractable NO3-–N was significantly lower and the copper-containing nitrite reductase gene density was significantly higher beneath the clayey basin. Differences in moisture retention capacity between fine- and coarse-textured soils resulted in median volumetric gas-phase contents of 0.04 beneath the clayey basin and 0.19 beneath the sandy basin, inhibiting surface/subsurface oxygen exchange beneath the clayey basin. Results can inform development of soil amendments to maintain elevated moisture content in shallow soils of stormwater infiltration basins, which can be incorporated in improved best management practices to mitigate NO3- impacts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","doi":"10.2134/jeq2011.0204","usgsCitation":"O’Reilly, A.M., Wanielista, M.P., Chang, N., Harris, W.G., and Xuan, Z., 2012, Soil property control of biogeochemical processes beneath two subtropical stormwater infiltration basins: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 41, no. 2, p. 564-581, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2011.0204.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"564","endPage":"581","costCenters":[{"id":287,"text":"Florida Water Science Center-Orlando","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501661,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2010/3102","text":"External Repository"},{"id":258974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258961,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2011.0204","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9215e4b08c986b319cb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Reilly, Andrew M. 0000-0003-3220-1248 aoreilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-1248","contributorId":2184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Reilly","given":"Andrew","email":"aoreilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wanielista, Martin P.","contributorId":62069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wanielista","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12564,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Central Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":465523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chang, Ni-Bin","contributorId":20205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chang","given":"Ni-Bin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12564,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Central Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":465521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, Willie G.","contributorId":86215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Willie","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xuan, Zhemin","contributorId":48808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xuan","given":"Zhemin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70039065,"text":"sir20125052 - 2012 - Status of groundwater quality in the Upper Santa Ana Watershed, November 2006--March 2007--California GAMA Priority Basin Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-18T01:01:44","indexId":"sir20125052","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5052","title":"Status of groundwater quality in the Upper Santa Ana Watershed, November 2006--March 2007--California GAMA Priority Basin Project","docAbstract":"Groundwater quality in the approximately 1,000-square-mile (2,590-square-kilometer) Upper Santa Ana Watershed (USAW) study unit was investigated as part of the Priority Basin Project of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The study unit is located in southern California in Riverside and San Bernardino Counties. The GAMA Priority Basin Project is being conducted by the California State Water Resources Control Board in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The GAMA USAW study was designed to provide a spatially unbiased assessment of untreated groundwater quality within the primary aquifer systems in the study unit. The primary aquifer systems (hereinafter, primary aquifers) are defined as the perforation interval of wells listed in the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) database for the USAW study unit. The quality of groundwater in shallower or deeper water-bearing zones may differ from that in the primary aquifers; shallower groundwater may be more vulnerable to surficial contamination. The assessment is based on water-quality and ancillary data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from 90 wells during November 2006 through March 2007, and water-quality data from the CDPH database. The status of the current quality of the groundwater resource was assessed based on data from samples analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and naturally occurring inorganic constituents, such as major ions and trace elements. The status assessment is intended to characterize the quality of groundwater resources within the primary aquifers of the USAW study unit, not the treated drinking water delivered to consumers by water purveyors. Relative-concentrations (sample concentration divided by the health- or aesthetic-based benchmark concentration) were used for evaluating groundwater quality for those constituents that have Federal or California regulatory or non-regulatory benchmarks for drinking-water quality. A relative-concentration greater than (>) 1.0 indicates a concentration above a benchmark, and a relative-concentration less than or equal to (≤) 1.0 indicates a concentration equal to or less than a benchmark. Organic and special-interest constituent relative-concentrations were classified as \"high\" (> 1.0), \"moderate\" (0.1 < relative-concentration ≤ 1.0), or \"low\" (≤ 0.1). Inorganic constituent relative-concentrations were classified as \"high\" (> 1.0), \"moderate\" (0.5 < relative-concentration ≤ 1.0), or \"low\" ( ≤ 0.5). Aquifer-scale proportion was used as the primary metric in the status assessment for evaluating regional-scale groundwater quality. Aquifer-scale proportions are defined as the percentage of the area of the primary aquifer system with concentrations above or below specified thresholds relative to regulatory or aesthetic benchmarks. High aquifer-scale proportion is defined as the percentage of the area of the primary aquifers with a relative-concentration greater than 1.0 for a particular constituent or class of constituents; percentage is based on an areal, rather than a volumetric basis. Moderate and low aquifer-scale proportions were defined as the percentage of the primary aquifers with moderate and low relative-concentrations, respectively. Two statistical approaches—grid-based and spatially weighted—were used to evaluate aquifer-scale proportions for individual constituents and classes of constituents. Grid-based and spatially weighted estimates were comparable in the USAW study unit (within 90-percent confidence intervals). Inorganic constituents with human-health benchmarks had relative-concentrations that were high in 32.9 percent of the primary aquifers, moderate in 29.3 percent, and low in 37.8 percent. The high aquifer-scale proportion of these inorganic constituents primarily reflected high aquifer-scale proportions of nitrate (high relative-concentration in 25.3 percent of the aquifer), although seven other inorganic constituents with human-health benchmarks also were detected at high relative-concentrations in some percentage of the aquifer: arsenic, boron, fluoride, gross alpha activity, molybdenum, uranium, and vanadium. Perchlorate, as a constituent of special interest, was evaluated separately from other inorganic constituents, and had high relative-concentrations in 11.1 percent, moderate in 53.3 percent, and low or not detected in 35.6 percent of the primary aquifers. In contrast to the inorganic constituents, relative-concentrations of organic constituents (one or more) were high in 6.7 percent, moderate in 11.1 percent, and low or not detected in 82.2 percent of the primary aquifers. Of the 237 organic and special-interest constituents analyzed for, 39 constituents were detected (21 VOCs, 13 pesticides, 3 pharmaceuticals, and 2 constituents of special interest). All of the detected VOCs had health-based benchmarks, and five of these—1,1-dichloroethene, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), tetrachloroethene (PCE), carbon tetrachloride, and trichloroethene (TCE)—were detected in at least one sample at a concentration above a benchmark (high relative-concentration). Seven of the 13 pesticides had health-based benchmarks, and none were detected above these benchmarks (no high relative-concentrations). Pharmaceuticals do not have health-based benchmarks. Thirteen organic constituents were frequently detected (detected in at least 10 percent of samples without regard to relative-concentrations): bromodichloromethane, chloroform, cis-1,2-dichloroethene, 1,1-dichloroethene, dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), PCE, TCE, trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), atrazine, bromacil, diuron, and simazine.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125052","collaboration":"A product of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Kent, R., and Belitz, K., 2012, Status of groundwater quality in the Upper Santa Ana Watershed, November 2006--March 2007--California GAMA Priority Basin Project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5052, viii, 88 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125052.","productDescription":"viii, 88 p.","numberOfPages":"100","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-11-01","temporalEnd":"2007-03-31","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5052.jpg"},{"id":258955,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5052/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258956,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5052/pdf/sir20125052.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Upper Santa Ana Watershed","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b97cee4b08c986b31bc90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kent, Robert 0000-0003-4174-9467","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-9467","contributorId":20005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70039078,"text":"fs20123093 - 2012 - The U.S. Geological Survey's TRIGA® reactor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-18T01:01:44","indexId":"fs20123093","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-16T15:24:21","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3093","title":"The U.S. Geological Survey's TRIGA® reactor","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) operates a low-enriched uranium-fueled, pool-type reactor located at the Federal Center in Denver, Colorado. The mission of the Geological Survey TRIGA® Reactor (GSTR) is to support USGS science by providing information on geologic, plant, and animal specimens to advance methods and techniques unique to nuclear reactors. The reactor facility is supported by programs across the USGS and is organizationally under the Associate Director for Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health. The GSTR is the only facility in the United States capable of performing automated delayed neutron analyses for detecting fissile and fissionable isotopes. Samples from around the world are submitted to the USGS for analysis using the reactor facility. Qualitative and quantitative elemental analyses, spatial elemental analyses, and geochronology are performed. Few research reactor facilities in the United States are equipped to handle the large number of samples processed at the GSTR. Historically, more than 450,000 sample irradiations have been performed at the USGS facility. Providing impartial scientific information to resource managers, planners, and other interested parties throughout the world is an integral part of the research effort of the USGS.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123093","usgsCitation":"DeBey, T., Roy, B.R., and Brady, S.R., 2012, The U.S. Geological Survey's TRIGA® reactor: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3093, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123093.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":261,"text":"Energy and Minerals and Environmental Health","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3093.gif"},{"id":258962,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3093/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258963,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3093/pdf/fs2012-3093.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba946e4b08c986b322160","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeBey, Timothy M.","contributorId":48809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeBey","given":"Timothy M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Brycen R.","contributorId":66533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Brycen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brady, Sally R.","contributorId":79346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"Sally","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038948,"text":"70038948 - 2012 - Hotspot of accelerated sea-level rise on the Atlantic coast of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T20:43:18","indexId":"70038948","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hotspot of accelerated sea-level rise on the Atlantic coast of North America","docAbstract":"Climate warming does not force sea-level rise (SLR) at the same rate everywhere. Rather, there are spatial variations of SLR superimposed on a global average rise. These variations are forced by dynamic processes, arising from circulation and variations in temperature and/or salinity, and by static equilibrium processes, arising from mass redistributions changing gravity and the Earth's rotation and shape. These sea-level variations form unique spatial patterns, yet there are very few observations verifying predicted patterns or fingerprints. Here, we present evidence of recently accelerated SLR in a unique 1,000-km-long hotspot on the highly populated North American Atlantic coast north of Cape Hatteras and show that it is consistent with a modelled fingerprint of dynamic SLR. Between 1950–1979 and 1980–2009, SLR rate increases in this northeast hotspot were ~ 3–4 times higher than the global average. Modelled dynamic plus steric SLR by 2100 at New York City ranges with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change scenario from 36 to 51 cm (ref. 3); lower emission scenarios project 24–36 cm (ref. 7). Extrapolations from data herein range from 20 to 29 cm. SLR superimposed on storm surge, wave run-up and set-up will increase the vulnerability of coastal cities to flooding, and beaches and wetlands to deterioration.","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","publisherLocation":"London, U.K.","doi":"10.1038/nclimate1597","usgsCitation":"Sallenger, Doran, K., and Howd, P.A., 2012, Hotspot of accelerated sea-level rise on the Atlantic coast of North America: Nature Climate Change, v. 2, no. 12, p. 884-888, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1597.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"884","endPage":"888","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coast, Cape Cod, Cape Hatteras, North America","volume":"2","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a323be4b0c8380cd5e624","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sallenger, Jr.","contributorId":105768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doran, Kara S. 0000-0001-8050-5727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8050-5727","contributorId":33010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Kara S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howd, Peter A. phowd@usgs.gov","contributorId":4105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howd","given":"Peter","email":"phowd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70039040,"text":"sir20125100 - 2012 - Geohydrology of Big Bear Valley, California: phase 1--geologic framework, recharge, and preliminary assessment of the source and age of groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-17T01:01:41","indexId":"sir20125100","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5100","title":"Geohydrology of Big Bear Valley, California: phase 1--geologic framework, recharge, and preliminary assessment of the source and age of groundwater","docAbstract":"The Big Bear Valley, located in the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California, has increased in population in recent years. Most of the water supply for the area is pumped from the alluvial deposits that form the Big Bear Valley groundwater basin. This study was conducted to better understand the thickness and structure of the groundwater basin in order to estimate the quantity and distribution of natural recharge to Big Bear Valley. A gravity survey was used to estimate the thickness of the alluvial deposits that form the Big Bear Valley groundwater basin. This determined that the alluvial deposits reach a maximum thickness of 1,500 to 2,000 feet beneath the center of Big Bear Lake and the area between Big Bear and Baldwin Lakes, and decrease to less than 500 feet thick beneath the eastern end of Big Bear Lake. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) was used to measure pumping-induced land subsidence and to locate structures, such as faults, that could affect groundwater movement. The measurements indicated small amounts of land deformation (uplift and subsidence) in the area between Big Bear Lake and Baldwin Lake, the area near the city of Big Bear Lake, and the area near Sugarloaf, California. Both the gravity and InSAR measurements indicated the possible presence of subsurface faults in subbasins between Big Bear and Baldwin Lakes, but additional data are required for confirmation. The distribution and quantity of groundwater recharge in the area were evaluated by using a regional water-balance model (Basin Characterization Model, or BCM) and a daily rainfall-runoff model (INFILv3). The BCM calculated spatially distributed potential recharge in the study area of approximately 12,700 acre-feet per year (acre-ft/yr) of potential in-place recharge and 30,800 acre-ft/yr of potential runoff. Using the assumption that only 10 percent of the runoff becomes recharge, this approach indicated there is approximately 15,800 acre-ft/yr of total recharge in Big Bear Valley. The INFILv3 model was modified for this study to include a perched zone beneath the root zone to better simulate lateral seepage and recharge in the shallow subsurface in mountainous terrain. The climate input used in the INFILv3 model was developed by using daily climate data from 84 National Climatic Data Center stations and published Parameter Regression on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) average monthly precipitation maps to match the drier average monthly precipitation measured in the Baldwin Lake drainage basin. This model resulted in a good representation of localized rain-shadow effects and calibrated well to measured lake volumes at Big Bear and Baldwin Lakes. The simulated average annual recharge was about 5,480 acre-ft/yr in the Big Bear study area, with about 2,800 acre-ft/yr in the Big Bear Lake surface-water drainage basin and about 2,680 acre-ft/yr in the Baldwin Lake surface-water drainage basin. One spring and eight wells were sampled and analyzed for chemical and isotopic data in 2005 and 2006 to determine if isotopic techniques could be used to assess the sources and ages of groundwater in the Big Bear Valley. This approach showed that the predominant source of recharge to the Big Bear Valley is winter precipitation falling on the surrounding mountains. The tritium and uncorrected carbon-14 ages of samples collected from wells for this study indicated that the groundwater basin contains water of different ages, ranging from modern to about 17,200-years old.The results of these investigations provide an understanding of the lateral and vertical extent of the groundwater basin, the spatial distribution of groundwater recharge, the processes responsible for the recharge, and the source and age of groundwater in the groundwater basin. Although the studies do not provide an understanding of the detailed water-bearing properties necessary to determine the groundwater availability of the basin, they do provide a framework for the future development of a groundwater model that would help to improve the understanding of the potential hydrologic effects of water-management alternatives in Big Bear Valley.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125100","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Big Bear City Community Services District","usgsCitation":"Flint, L.E., Brandt, J., Christensen, A.H., Flint, A.L., Hevesi, J.A., Jachens, R., Kulongoski, J., Martin, P., and Sneed, M., 2012, Geohydrology of Big Bear Valley, California: phase 1--geologic framework, recharge, and preliminary assessment of the source and age of groundwater: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5100, xiv, 112 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125100.","productDescription":"xiv, 112 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"112","numberOfPages":"130","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258929,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5100.jpg"},{"id":258920,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5100/pdf/sir20125100.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258917,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5100/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Big Bear Valley","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1802e4b0c8380cd55665","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandt, Justin 0000-0002-9397-6824","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-6824","contributorId":75798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Justin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christensen, Allen H. 0000-0002-7061-5591 ahchrist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-5591","contributorId":1510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Allen","email":"ahchrist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hevesi, Joseph A. 0000-0003-2898-1800 jhevesi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1800","contributorId":1507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hevesi","given":"Joseph","email":"jhevesi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jachens, Robert","contributorId":54660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kulongoski, Justin T. 0000-0002-3498-4154","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-4154","contributorId":94750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulongoski","given":"Justin T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sneed, Michelle 0000-0002-8180-382X micsneed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-382X","contributorId":155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneed","given":"Michelle","email":"micsneed@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70039043,"text":"sir20125117 - 2012 - Water-quality characteristics and trend analyses for the Tongue, Powder, Cheyenne, and Belle Fourche River drainage basins, Wyoming and Montana, for selected periods, water years 1991 through 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-17T01:01:41","indexId":"sir20125117","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5117","title":"Water-quality characteristics and trend analyses for the Tongue, Powder, Cheyenne, and Belle Fourche River drainage basins, Wyoming and Montana, for selected periods, water years 1991 through 2010","docAbstract":"The Powder River structural basin in northeastern Wyoming and southeastern Montana is an area of ongoing coalbed natural gas (CBNG) development. Waters produced during CBNG development are managed with a variety of techniques, including surface impoundments and discharges into stream drainages. The interaction of CBNG-produced waters with the atmosphere and the semiarid soils of the Powder River structural basin can affect water chemistry in several ways. Specific conductance and sodium adsorption ratios (SAR) of CBNG-produced waters that are discharged to streams have been of particular concern because they have the potential to affect the use of the water for irrigation. Water-quality monitoring has been conducted since 2001 at main-stem and tributary sites in the Tongue, Powder, Cheyenne, and Belle Fourche River drainage basins in response to concerns about CBNG effects. A study was conducted to summarize characteristics of stream-water quality for water years 2001–10 (October 1, 2000, to September 30, 2010) and examine trends in specific conductance, SAR, and primary constituents that contribute to specific conductance and SAR for changes through time (water years 1991–2010) that may have occurred as a result of CBNG development. Specific conductance and SAR are the focus characteristics of this report. Dissolved calcium, magnesium, and sodium, which are primary contributors to specific conductance and SAR, as well as dissolved alkalinity, chloride, and sulfate, which are other primary contributors to specific conductance, also are described. Stream-water quality in the Tongue, Powder, Cheyenne, and Belle Fourche River drainage basins was variable during water years 2001–10, in part because of variations in streamflow. In general, annual runoff was less than average during water years 2001–06 and near or above average during water years 2007–10. Stream water of the Tongue River had the smallest specific conductance values, sodium adsorption ratios, and major ion concentrations of the main-stem streams. Sites in the Tongue River drainage basin typically had the smallest range of specific conductance and SAR values. The water chemistry of sites in the Powder River drainage basin generally was the most variable as a result of diverse characteristics of that basin. Plains tributaries in the Powder River drainage basin had the largest range of specific conductance and SAR values, in part due to the many tributaries that receive CBNG-produced waters. Trends were analyzed using the seasonal Kendall test with flow-adjusted concentrations to determine changes to water quality through time at sites in the Tongue, Powder, Cheyenne, and Belle Fourche River drainage basins. Trends were evaluated for water years 2001–10 for 17 sites, which generally were on the main-stem streams and primary tributaries. Trends were evaluated for water years 2005–10 for 26 sites to increase the spatial coverage of sites. Trends were evaluated for water years 1991–2010 for eight sites to include water-quality data collected prior to widespread CBNG development and expand the temporal context of trends. Consistent patterns were not observed in trend results for water years 2001–10 for flow-adjusted specific conductance and SAR values in the Tongue, Powder, and Belle Fourche River drainage basins. Significant (p-values less than 0.05) upward trends in flow-adjusted specific conductance values were determined for 3 sites, a downward trend was determined for 1 site, and no significant (p-value greater than 0.05) trends were determined for 13 sites. One of the sites with a significant upward trend was the Tongue River at the Wyoming-Montana State line. No trend in flow-adjusted specific conductance values was determined for the Powder River at Moorhead, Mont. Significant upward trends in flow-adjusted SAR values were determined for 2 sites and no significant trends were determined for 15 sites. No trends in flow-adjusted SAR values were determined for the Tongue River at the Wyoming-Montana State line or for the Powder River at Moorhead, Mont. One of the sites with a significant upward trend in flow-adjusted SAR values was the Powder River at Arvada, Wyo. For water years 2005–10, significant upward trends in flow-adjusted specific conductance values were determined no significant trends were determined for 13 sites. A significant upward trend was determined for flow-adjusted specific conductance values for the Tongue River at the Wyoming-Montana State line. No trend in flow-adjusted specific conductance values was determined for the Powder River at Moorhead, Mont. Significant upward trends in flow-adjusted SAR values were determined for 4 sites, downward trends were determined for 5 sites, and no significant trend was determined for 17 sites. No trends in flow-adjusted SAR values were determined for the Tongue River at the Wyoming-Montana State line or for the Powder River at Moorhead, Mont. Results of the seasonal Kendall test applied to flow-adjusted specific conductance values for water years 1991–2010 indicated no significant trend for eight sites in the Tongue, Powder, and Belle Fourche River drainage basins. No significant trend in flow-adjusted specific conductance was determined for the Tongue River at the Wyoming-Montana State line or the Powder River at Moorhead, Mont. Results of the seasonal Kendall test applied to flow-adjusted SAR values for water years 1991–2010 indicated an upward trend for one site and no significant trend for four sites in the Powder and Belle Fourche River drainage basins. The significant upward trend in flow-adjusted SAR values was determined for the Powder River at Arvada, Wyo., for water years 1991–2010. Results indicate that CBNG development in the Powder River structural basin may have contributed to some trends, such as the upward trend in flow-adjusted SAR for the Powder River at Arvada, Wyo., for water years 1991–2010. An upward trend in flow-adjusted alkalinity concentrations for water years 2001–10 also was determined for the Powder River at Arvada, Wyo. Trend results are consistent with changes that can occur from the addition of sodium and bicarbonate associated with CBNG-produced waters to the Powder River. Upward trends in constituents at other sites, including the Belle Fourche River, may be the result of declining CBNG development, indicating that CBNG-produced waters may have had a dilution effect on some streams. The factors affecting other trends could not be determined because multiple factors could have been affecting the stream-water quality or because trends were observed at sites upstream from CBNG development that may have affected water-quality trends at sites downstream.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125117","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Clark, M.L., 2012, Water-quality characteristics and trend analyses for the Tongue, Powder, Cheyenne, and Belle Fourche River drainage basins, Wyoming and Montana, for selected periods, water years 1991 through 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5117, vii, 70 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125117.","productDescription":"vii, 70 p.; Appendices","startPage":"i","endPage":"70","numberOfPages":"82","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1990-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":684,"text":"Wyoming Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5117.gif"},{"id":258922,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5117/sir2012-5117.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258921,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5117/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming;Montana","otherGeospatial":"Tongue River Drainage Basin;Powder River Drainage Basin;Cheyenne River Drainage Basin;Belle Fourche River Drainage Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcdd8e4b08c986b32e0ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Melanie L. mlclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Melanie","email":"mlclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70039025,"text":"70039025 - 2012 - Comparative effectiveness of membrane bioreactors, conventional secondary treatment, and chlorine and UV disinfection to remove microorganisms from municipal wastewaters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-17T01:01:41","indexId":"70039025","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative effectiveness of membrane bioreactors, conventional secondary treatment, and chlorine and UV disinfection to remove microorganisms from municipal wastewaters","docAbstract":"Log removals of bacterial indicators, coliphage, and enteric viruses were studied in three membrane bioreactor (MBR) activated-sludge and two conventional secondary activated-sludge municipal wastewater treatment plants during three recreational seasons (May-Oct.) when disinfection of effluents is required. In total, 73 regular samples were collected from key locations throughout treatment processes: post-preliminary, post-MBR, post-secondary, post-tertiary, and post-disinfection (UV or chlorine). Out of 19 post-preliminary samples, adenovirus by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was detected in all 19, enterovirus by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was detected in 15, and norovirus GI by qRT-PCR was detected in 11. Norovirus GII and Hepatitis A virus were not detected in any samples, and rotavirus was detected in one sample but could not be quantified. Although culturable viruses were found in 12 out of 19 post-preliminary samples, they were not detected in any post-secondary, post-MBR, post-ultraviolet, or post-chlorine samples. Median log removals for all organisms were higher for MBR secondary treatment (3.02 to >6.73) than for conventional secondary (1.53-4.19) treatment. Ultraviolet disinfection after MBR treatment provided little additional log removal of any organism except for somatic coliphage (>2.18), whereas ultraviolet or chlorine disinfection after conventional secondary treatment provided significant log removals (above the analytical variability) of all bacterial indicators (1.18-3.89) and somatic and F-specific coliphage (0.71 and >2.98). Median log removals of adenovirus across disinfection were low in both MBR and conventional secondary plants (no removal detected and 0.24), and few removals of individual samples were near or above the analytical variability of 1.2 log genomic copies per liter. Based on qualitative examinations of plots showing reductions of organisms throughout treatment processes, somatic coliphage may best represent the removal of viruses across secondary treatment in both MBR and conventional secondary plants. F-specific coliphage and Escherichia coli may best represent the removal of viruses across the disinfection process in MBR facilities, but none of the indicators represented the removal of viruses across disinfection in conventional secondary plants.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2012.04.044","usgsCitation":"Francy, D.S., Erin, A.S., Bushon, R.N., Brady, A., Williston, A.G., Riddell, K.R., Borchardt, M., Spencer, S., and Gellner, T.M., 2012, Comparative effectiveness of membrane bioreactors, conventional secondary treatment, and chlorine and UV disinfection to remove microorganisms from municipal wastewaters: Water Research, v. 46, no. 13, p. 4164-4178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.04.044.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"4164","endPage":"4178","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258912,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258909,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.04.044","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"46","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f818e4b0c8380cd4ce93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Francy, Donna S. 0000-0001-9229-3557 dsfrancy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9229-3557","contributorId":1853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francy","given":"Donna","email":"dsfrancy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erin, A. Stelzer","contributorId":18215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erin","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Stelzer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bushon, Rebecca N. rnbushon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bushon","given":"Rebecca","email":"rnbushon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brady, Amie M. G.","contributorId":29774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"Amie M. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williston, Ashley G.","contributorId":38403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williston","given":"Ashley","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Riddell, Kimberly R.","contributorId":66836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riddell","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Borchardt, Mark A.","contributorId":106255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchardt","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Spencer, Susan K.","contributorId":39511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"Susan K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gellner, Terry M.","contributorId":29563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellner","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70039029,"text":"70039029 - 2012 - Mate loss affects survival but not breeding in black brant geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-02T17:16:17","indexId":"70039029","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":981,"text":"Behavioral Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mate loss affects survival but not breeding in black brant geese","docAbstract":"For birds maintaining long-term monogamous relationships, mate loss might be expected to reduce fitness, either through reduced survival or reduced future reproductive investment. We used harvest of male brant during regular sport hunting seasons as an experimental removal to examine effects of mate loss on fitness of female black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans; hereafter brant). We used the Barker model in program MARK to examine effects of mate loss on annual survival, reporting rate, and permanent emigration. Survival rates decreased from 0.847 ± 0.004 for females who did not lose their mates to 0.690 ± 0.072 for birds who lost mates. Seber ring reporting rate for females that lost their mates were 2 times higher than those that did not lose mates, 0.12 ± 0.086 and 0.06 ± 0.006, respectively, indicating that mate loss increased vulnerability to harvest and possibly other forms of predation. We found little support for effects of mate loss on fidelity to breeding site and consequently on breeding. Our results indicate substantial fitness costs to females associated with mate loss, but that females who survived and were able to form new pair bonds may have been higher quality than the average female in the population.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Behavioral Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Journals","publisherLocation":"Oxford, U.K.","doi":"10.1093/beheco/ars009","usgsCitation":"Nicolai, C.A., Sedinger, J.S., Ward, D.H., and Boyd, W.S., 2012, Mate loss affects survival but not breeding in black brant geese: Behavioral Ecology, v. 23, no. 3, p. 643-648, https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ars009.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"643","endPage":"648","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474412,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/beheco/ars009","text":"External Repository"},{"id":258916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258908,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ars009","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5270e4b0c8380cd6c3f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nicolai, Christopher A.","contributorId":107140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicolai","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":465488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boyd, W. Sean","contributorId":11048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Sean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70039023,"text":"70039023 - 2012 - Housing arrangement and location determine the likelihood of housing loss due to wildfire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T14:33:46","indexId":"70039023","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Housing arrangement and location determine the likelihood of housing loss due to wildfire","docAbstract":"Surging wildfires across the globe are contributing to escalating residential losses and have major social, economic, and ecological consequences. The highest losses in the U.S. occur in southern California, where nearly 1000 homes per year have been destroyed by wildfires since 2000. Wildfire risk reduction efforts focus primarily on fuel reduction and, to a lesser degree, on house characteristics and homeowner responsibility. However, the extent to which land use planning could alleviate wildfire risk has been largely missing from the debate despite large numbers of homes being placed in the most hazardous parts of the landscape. Our goal was to examine how housing location and arrangement affects the likelihood that a home will be lost when a wildfire occurs. We developed an extensive geographic dataset of structure locations, including more than 5500 structures that were destroyed or damaged by wildfire since 2001, and identified the main contributors to property loss in two extensive, fire-prone regions in southern California. The arrangement and location of structures strongly affected their susceptibility to wildfire, with property loss most likely at low to intermediate structure densities and in areas with a history of frequent fire. Rates of structure loss were higher when structures were surrounded by wildland vegetation, but were generally higher in herbaceous fuel types than in higher fuel-volume woody types. Empirically based maps developed using housing pattern and location performed better in distinguishing hazardous from non-hazardous areas than maps based on fuel distribution. The strong importance of housing arrangement and location indicate that land use planning may be a critical tool for reducing fire risk, but it will require reliable delineations of the most hazardous locations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0033954","usgsCitation":"Syphard, A.D., Keeley, J.E., Massada, A.B., Brennan, T.J., and Radeloff, V., 2012, Housing arrangement and location determine the likelihood of housing loss due to wildfire: PLoS ONE, v. 7, no. 3, 13 p.; e33954, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033954.","productDescription":"13 p.; e33954","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474413,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033954","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258896,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033954","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.5,32.5342 ], [ -119.5,34.5 ], [ -116.0809,34.5 ], [ -116.0809,32.5342 ], [ -119.5,32.5342 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3240e4b0c8380cd5e64b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Syphard, Alexandra D.","contributorId":8977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Syphard","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Massada, Avi Bar","contributorId":93744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massada","given":"Avi","email":"","middleInitial":"Bar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brennan, Teresa J. 0000-0002-0646-3298 tjbrennan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0646-3298","contributorId":4323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Teresa","email":"tjbrennan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Radeloff, Volker C.","contributorId":76169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radeloff","given":"Volker C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70039015,"text":"ofr20121143 - 2012 - Independent technical review and analysis of hydraulic modeling and hydrology under low-flow conditions of the Des Plaines River near Riverside, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-14T01:01:39","indexId":"ofr20121143","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1143","title":"Independent technical review and analysis of hydraulic modeling and hydrology under low-flow conditions of the Des Plaines River near Riverside, Illinois","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has operated a streamgage and published daily flows for the Des Plaines River at Riverside since Oct. 1, 1943. A HEC-RAS model has been developed to estimate the effect of the removal of Hofmann Dam near the gage on low-flow elevations in the reach approximately 3 miles upstream from the dam. The Village of Riverside, the Illinois Department of Natural Resources-Office of Water Resources (IDNR-OWR), and the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers-Chicago District (USACE-Chicago) are interested in verifying the performance of the HEC-RAS model for specific low-flow conditions, and obtaining an estimate of selected daily flow quantiles and other low-flow statistics for a selected period of record that best represents current hydrologic conditions. Because the USGS publishes streamflow records for the Des Plaines River system and provides unbiased analyses of flows and stream hydraulic characteristics, the USGS served as an Independent Technical Reviewer (ITR) for this study.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121143","usgsCitation":"Over, T.M., Straub, T., Hortness, J., and Murphy, E., 2012, Independent technical review and analysis of hydraulic modeling and hydrology under low-flow conditions of the Des Plaines River near Riverside, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1143, v, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121143.","productDescription":"v, 73 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258856,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1143.JPG"},{"id":258846,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1143/pdf/ofr20121143_071212.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258847,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1143/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Hofmann Dam;Des Plaines River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.83416666666666,41.80138888888889 ], [ -87.83416666666666,41.83444444444444 ], [ -87.81666666666666,41.83444444444444 ], [ -87.81666666666666,41.80138888888889 ], [ -87.83416666666666,41.80138888888889 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3a11e4b0c8380cd61b37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Over, Thomas M. 0000-0001-8280-4368 tmover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-4368","contributorId":1819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Over","given":"Thomas","email":"tmover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straub, Timothy D. 0000-0002-5896-0851 tdstraub@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-0851","contributorId":2273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"Timothy D.","email":"tdstraub@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hortness, Jon 0000-0002-9809-2876 hortness@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-2876","contributorId":3601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hortness","given":"Jon","email":"hortness@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":69660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70039021,"text":"70039021 - 2012 - A climate for speciation: rapid spatial diversification within the Sorex cinereus complex of shrews","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:10:25","indexId":"70039021","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2779,"text":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A climate for speciation: rapid spatial diversification within the Sorex cinereus complex of shrews","docAbstract":"The cyclic climate regime of the late Quaternary caused dramatic environmental change at high latitudes. Although these events may have been brief in periodicity from an evolutionary standpoint, multiple episodes of allopatry and divergence have been implicated in rapid radiations of a number of organisms. Shrews of the Sorex cinereus complex have long challenged taxonomists due to similar morphology and parapatric geographic ranges. Here, multi-locus phylogenetic and demographic assessments using a coalescent framework were combined to investigate spatiotemporal evolution of 13 nominal species with a widespread distribution throughout North America and across Beringia into Siberia. For these species, we first test a hypothesis of recent differentiation in response to Pleistocene climate versus more ancient divergence that would coincide with pre-Pleistocene perturbations. We then investigate the processes driving diversification over multiple continents. Our genetic analyses highlight novel diversity within these morphologically conserved mammals and clarify relationships between geographic distribution and evolutionary history. Demography within and among species indicates both regional stability and rapid expansion. Ancestral ecological differentiation coincident with early cladogenesis within the complex enabled alternating and repeated episodes of allopatry and expansion where successive glacial and interglacial phases each promoted divergence. The Sorex cinereus complex constitutes a valuable model for future comparative assessments of evolution in response to cyclic environmental change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.021","usgsCitation":"Hope, A.G., Speer, K.A., Demboski, J.R., Talbot, S.L., and Cook, J.A., 2012, A climate for speciation: rapid spatial diversification within the Sorex cinereus complex of shrews: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, v. 64, no. 3, p. 671-684, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.021.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"671","endPage":"684","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258881,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258878,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.021","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"North America;Siberia","volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e343e4b0c8380cd45efc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hope, Andrew G. 0000-0003-3814-2891 ahope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-2891","contributorId":4309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hope","given":"Andrew","email":"ahope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Speer, Kelly A.","contributorId":104754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speer","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Demboski, John R.","contributorId":101133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demboski","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, Joseph A.","contributorId":8323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":465455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70039004,"text":"sir20125136 - 2012 - Simulation of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge in the middle Nueces River watershed, south Texas, 1961-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T08:53:15","indexId":"sir20125136","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5136","title":"Simulation of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge in the middle Nueces River watershed, south Texas, 1961-2008","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey—in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District; City of Corpus Christi; Guadalupe–Blanco River Authority; San Antonio River Authority; and San Antonio Water System— configured, calibrated, and tested a watershed model for a study area consisting of about 7,726 square miles of the middle Nueces River watershed in south Texas. The purpose of the model is to contribute to the understanding of watershed processes and hydrologic conditions in the middle Nueces River watershed. The model simulates streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge by using a numerical representation of physical characteristics of the landscape and meteorological and streamflow data.
\nModel simulations of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge were performed for various periods of record depending upon available gaged data for input and comparison, starting as early as 1961. Because of the large size of the study area, the middle Nueces River watershed was divided into eight subwatersheds, and separate Hydrological Simulation Program—FORTRAN models were developed for each subwatershed. Simulation of the overall study area involved running simulations in downstream order. Output from the model was summarized by subwatershed, point locations, stream and reservoir reaches, and the Carrizo– Wilcox aquifer outcrop area. Four long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations were used for streamflow model calibration and testing with data from 1990 to 2008. Monthly evaporation estimates from 2001 to 2008 and waterlevel data from 1961 to 2008 at Lake Corpus Christi also were used for model calibration. Additionally, evapotranspiration data for 2006–8 from a U.S. Geological Survey meteorological station in Medina County were used for calibration.
\nStreamflow calibrations were considered poor to very good. The 2000–8 calibration results were characterized as good to very good for total flow volumes and for the volume of the highest 10 percent of daily flows. Calibration results for streamflow volumes of the lowest 50 percent of daily flows were considered poor. The daily streamflow calibration at U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station 08210000 Nueces River near Three Rivers, Tex., had the lowest (best) root mean square error, and U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station 08194500 Nueces River near Tilden, Tex., had the highest root mean square error expressed as a percentage of the mean flow rate. The mean daily reservoir volume during 1961–2008 was 182,000 acre-feet. Simulated mean daily reservoir volume was within 9 percent of this computed volume.
\nSelected results of the model include streamflow yields for the subwatersheds and water-balance information for the Carrizo–Wilcox aquifer outcrop area. For the entire model domain, the area-weighted mean streamflow yield from 1961 to 2008 was 1.12 inches/year. The mean annual rainfall on the outcrop area during the 1961–2008 simulation period was 21.7 inches. Of this rainfall, an annual mean of 20.1 inches (about 93 percent) was simulated as evapotranspiration, 1.2 inches (about 6 percent) was simulated as groundwater recharge, and 0.5 inches (about 2 percent) was simulated as surface runoff.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125136","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District; City of Corpus Christi; Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority; San Antonio River Authority; and San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Dietsch, B.J., and Wehmeyer, L.L., 2012, Simulation of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge in the middle Nueces River watershed, south Texas, 1961-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5136, vi, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125136.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5136.JPG"},{"id":258871,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5136/pdf/sir2012-5136.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258870,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5136/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum","country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Nueces River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.5,27.5 ], [ -100.5,30.000833333333333 ], [ -97.5,30.000833333333333 ], [ -97.5,27.5 ], [ -100.5,27.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9096e4b08c986b3195b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dietsch, Benjamin J. 0000-0003-1090-409X bdietsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-409X","contributorId":1346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdietsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wehmeyer, Loren L.","contributorId":90412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wehmeyer","given":"Loren","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70039017,"text":"70039017 - 2012 - A holistic strategy for adaptive land management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T14:53:05","indexId":"70039017","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2456,"text":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A holistic strategy for adaptive land management","docAbstract":"Adaptive management is widely applied to natural resources management (Holling 1973; Walters and Holling 1990). Adaptive management can be generally defined as an iterative decision-making process that incorporates formulation of management objectives, actions designed to address these objectives, monitoring of results, and repeated adaptation of management until desired results are achieved (Brown and MacLeod 1996; Savory and Butterfield 1999). However, adaptive management is often criticized because very few projects ever complete more than one cycle, resulting in little adaptation and little knowledge gain (Lee 1999; Walters 2007). 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New Mexico State University, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Las Cruces, NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":465442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wills, Skye A.","contributorId":81737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wills","given":"Skye","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, Joel R.","contributorId":72641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Joel R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Karl, Jason W.","contributorId":22616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Jason W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Havstad, Kris M.","contributorId":16692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havstad","given":"Kris","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70039018,"text":"70039018 - 2012 - Toxicity of chloride under winter low-flow conditions in an urban watershed in central Missouri, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-31T12:57:10","indexId":"70039018","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of chloride under winter low-flow conditions in an urban watershed in central Missouri, USA","docAbstract":"Deicers such as sodium chloride and calcium chloride are used to treat snow and ice on road surfaces and have been identified as potential stressors on aquatic life. Hinkson Creek is an urban stream on the Missouri 303(d) list of impaired waters and is classified as impaired due to urban non-point source pollution. A 7-day toxicity test using Ceriodaphnia dubia was conducted to assess the toxicity of stream water during snowmelt at seven sites within the Hinkson Creek watershed. Chloride concentrations at two sites (Site 6, 1252 mg Cl/L; Site 4, 301 mg Cl/L) exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency chronic criterion (230 mg Cl/L). Survival (30 %) and total reproduction (6.9 young/adult) of C. dubia at Site 6 was significantly lower than survival (100 %) and total reproduction (30.4 young/adult) at Site 1 (reference site). Results indicate that chloride concentrations are elevated above water-quality criteria and that chloride may be a significant chemical stressor for macroinvertebrate communities during winter low-flow conditions in the Hinkson Creek watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00128-012-0673-0","usgsCitation":"Allert, A., Cole-Neal, C.L., and Fairchild, J.F., 2012, Toxicity of chloride under winter low-flow conditions in an urban watershed in central Missouri, USA: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 89, no. 2, p. 296-301, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0673-0.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"296","endPage":"301","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"Boone County","city":"Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Hinkson Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.43450164794922,\n 38.872859384572244\n ],\n [\n -92.43450164794922,\n 39.00637903337455\n ],\n [\n -92.22335815429688,\n 39.00637903337455\n ],\n [\n -92.22335815429688,\n 38.872859384572244\n ],\n [\n -92.43450164794922,\n 38.872859384572244\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5f7e4b08c986b3269bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allert, Ann L. aallert@usgs.gov","contributorId":494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allert","given":"Ann L.","email":"aallert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole-Neal, Cavelle L.","contributorId":48804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole-Neal","given":"Cavelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fairchild, James F. jfairchild@usgs.gov","contributorId":492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairchild","given":"James","email":"jfairchild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70158629,"text":"70158629 - 2012 - Life on the edge: corals in mangroves and climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T13:53:31","indexId":"70158629","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Life on the edge: corals in mangroves and climate change","docAbstract":"Coral diseases have played a major role in the degradation of coral reefs in the Caribbean, including those in the US Virgin Islands (USVI). In 2005, bleaching affected reefs throughout the Caribbean, and was especially severe on USVI reefs. Some corals began to regain their color as water temperatures cooled, but an outbreak of disease (primarily white plague) led to losses of over 60% of the total live coral cover. Montastraea annularis, the most abundant coral, was disproportionately affected, and decreased in relative abundance. The threatened species Acropora palmata bleached for the first time on record in the USVI but suffered less bleaching and less mortality from disease than M. annularis. Acropora palmata and M. annularis are the two most significant species in the USVI because of their structural role in the architecture of the reefs, the large size of their colonies, and their complex morphology. The future of the USVI reefs depends largely on their fate. Acropora palmata is more likely to recover than M. annularis for many reasons, including its faster growth rate, and its lower vulnerability to bleaching and disease.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"12th International Coral Reef Symposium: Cairns, Queensland, Australia, July 9-13, 2012","conferenceTitle":"12th International Coral Reef Symposium","conferenceDate":"July 9-13 2012","conferenceLocation":"Cairns, Queensland","language":"English","publisher":"National Coral Reef Institute","usgsCitation":"Rogers, C.S., and Herlan, J.J., 2012, Life on the edge: corals in mangroves and climate change, in 12th International Coral Reef Symposium: Cairns, Queensland, Australia, July 9-13, 2012, Cairns, Queensland, July 9-13 2012.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036209","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"563495cee4b048076347fe2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, Caroline S. 0000-0001-9056-6961 caroline_rogers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-6961","contributorId":3126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"Caroline","email":"caroline_rogers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herlan, James J. jherlan@usgs.gov","contributorId":4768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herlan","given":"James","email":"jherlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}