{"pageNumber":"1632","pageRowStart":"40775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184615,"records":[{"id":70038948,"text":"70038948 - 2012 - Hotspot of accelerated sea-level rise on the Atlantic coast of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T20:43:18","indexId":"70038948","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hotspot of accelerated sea-level rise on the Atlantic coast of North America","docAbstract":"Climate warming does not force sea-level rise (SLR) at the same rate everywhere. Rather, there are spatial variations of SLR superimposed on a global average rise. These variations are forced by dynamic processes, arising from circulation and variations in temperature and/or salinity, and by static equilibrium processes, arising from mass redistributions changing gravity and the Earth's rotation and shape. These sea-level variations form unique spatial patterns, yet there are very few observations verifying predicted patterns or fingerprints. Here, we present evidence of recently accelerated SLR in a unique 1,000-km-long hotspot on the highly populated North American Atlantic coast north of Cape Hatteras and show that it is consistent with a modelled fingerprint of dynamic SLR. Between 1950–1979 and 1980–2009, SLR rate increases in this northeast hotspot were ~ 3–4 times higher than the global average. Modelled dynamic plus steric SLR by 2100 at New York City ranges with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change scenario from 36 to 51 cm (ref. 3); lower emission scenarios project 24–36 cm (ref. 7). Extrapolations from data herein range from 20 to 29 cm. SLR superimposed on storm surge, wave run-up and set-up will increase the vulnerability of coastal cities to flooding, and beaches and wetlands to deterioration.","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","publisherLocation":"London, U.K.","doi":"10.1038/nclimate1597","usgsCitation":"Sallenger, Doran, K., and Howd, P.A., 2012, Hotspot of accelerated sea-level rise on the Atlantic coast of North America: Nature Climate Change, v. 2, no. 12, p. 884-888, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1597.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"884","endPage":"888","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coast, Cape Cod, Cape Hatteras, North America","volume":"2","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a323be4b0c8380cd5e624","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sallenger, Jr.","contributorId":105768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doran, Kara S. 0000-0001-8050-5727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8050-5727","contributorId":33010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Kara S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howd, Peter A. phowd@usgs.gov","contributorId":4105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howd","given":"Peter","email":"phowd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039029,"text":"70039029 - 2012 - Mate loss affects survival but not breeding in black brant geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-02T17:16:17","indexId":"70039029","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":981,"text":"Behavioral Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mate loss affects survival but not breeding in black brant geese","docAbstract":"For birds maintaining long-term monogamous relationships, mate loss might be expected to reduce fitness, either through reduced survival or reduced future reproductive investment. We used harvest of male brant during regular sport hunting seasons as an experimental removal to examine effects of mate loss on fitness of female black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans; hereafter brant). We used the Barker model in program MARK to examine effects of mate loss on annual survival, reporting rate, and permanent emigration. Survival rates decreased from 0.847 ± 0.004 for females who did not lose their mates to 0.690 ± 0.072 for birds who lost mates. Seber ring reporting rate for females that lost their mates were 2 times higher than those that did not lose mates, 0.12 ± 0.086 and 0.06 ± 0.006, respectively, indicating that mate loss increased vulnerability to harvest and possibly other forms of predation. We found little support for effects of mate loss on fidelity to breeding site and consequently on breeding. Our results indicate substantial fitness costs to females associated with mate loss, but that females who survived and were able to form new pair bonds may have been higher quality than the average female in the population.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Behavioral Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Journals","publisherLocation":"Oxford, U.K.","doi":"10.1093/beheco/ars009","usgsCitation":"Nicolai, C.A., Sedinger, J.S., Ward, D.H., and Boyd, W.S., 2012, Mate loss affects survival but not breeding in black brant geese: Behavioral Ecology, v. 23, no. 3, p. 643-648, https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ars009.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"643","endPage":"648","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474412,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/beheco/ars009","text":"External Repository"},{"id":258916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258908,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ars009","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5270e4b0c8380cd6c3f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nicolai, Christopher A.","contributorId":107140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicolai","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":465488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boyd, W. Sean","contributorId":11048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Sean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70039023,"text":"70039023 - 2012 - Housing arrangement and location determine the likelihood of housing loss due to wildfire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T14:33:46","indexId":"70039023","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Housing arrangement and location determine the likelihood of housing loss due to wildfire","docAbstract":"Surging wildfires across the globe are contributing to escalating residential losses and have major social, economic, and ecological consequences. The highest losses in the U.S. occur in southern California, where nearly 1000 homes per year have been destroyed by wildfires since 2000. Wildfire risk reduction efforts focus primarily on fuel reduction and, to a lesser degree, on house characteristics and homeowner responsibility. However, the extent to which land use planning could alleviate wildfire risk has been largely missing from the debate despite large numbers of homes being placed in the most hazardous parts of the landscape. Our goal was to examine how housing location and arrangement affects the likelihood that a home will be lost when a wildfire occurs. We developed an extensive geographic dataset of structure locations, including more than 5500 structures that were destroyed or damaged by wildfire since 2001, and identified the main contributors to property loss in two extensive, fire-prone regions in southern California. The arrangement and location of structures strongly affected their susceptibility to wildfire, with property loss most likely at low to intermediate structure densities and in areas with a history of frequent fire. Rates of structure loss were higher when structures were surrounded by wildland vegetation, but were generally higher in herbaceous fuel types than in higher fuel-volume woody types. Empirically based maps developed using housing pattern and location performed better in distinguishing hazardous from non-hazardous areas than maps based on fuel distribution. The strong importance of housing arrangement and location indicate that land use planning may be a critical tool for reducing fire risk, but it will require reliable delineations of the most hazardous locations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0033954","usgsCitation":"Syphard, A.D., Keeley, J.E., Massada, A.B., Brennan, T.J., and Radeloff, V., 2012, Housing arrangement and location determine the likelihood of housing loss due to wildfire: PLoS ONE, v. 7, no. 3, 13 p.; e33954, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033954.","productDescription":"13 p.; e33954","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474413,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033954","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258896,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033954","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.5,32.5342 ], [ -119.5,34.5 ], [ -116.0809,34.5 ], [ -116.0809,32.5342 ], [ -119.5,32.5342 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3240e4b0c8380cd5e64b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Syphard, Alexandra D.","contributorId":8977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Syphard","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Massada, Avi Bar","contributorId":93744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massada","given":"Avi","email":"","middleInitial":"Bar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brennan, Teresa J. 0000-0002-0646-3298 tjbrennan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0646-3298","contributorId":4323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Teresa","email":"tjbrennan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Radeloff, Volker C.","contributorId":76169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radeloff","given":"Volker C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70039017,"text":"70039017 - 2012 - A holistic strategy for adaptive land management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T14:53:05","indexId":"70039017","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2456,"text":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A holistic strategy for adaptive land management","docAbstract":"Adaptive management is widely applied to natural resources management (Holling 1973; Walters and Holling 1990). Adaptive management can be generally defined as an iterative decision-making process that incorporates formulation of management objectives, actions designed to address these objectives, monitoring of results, and repeated adaptation of management until desired results are achieved (Brown and MacLeod 1996; Savory and Butterfield 1999). However, adaptive management is often criticized because very few projects ever complete more than one cycle, resulting in little adaptation and little knowledge gain (Lee 1999; Walters 2007). One significant criticism is that adaptive management is often used as a justification for undertaking actions with uncertain outcomes or as a surrogate for the development of specific, measurable indicators and monitoring programs (Lee 1999; Ruhl 2007).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Soil and Water Conservation Society","publisherLocation":"Ankeny, IA","doi":"10.2489/jswc.67.4.105A","usgsCitation":"Herrick, J.E., Duniway, M.C., Pyke, D.A., Bestelmeyer, B.T., Wills, S.A., Brown, J., Karl, J., and Havstad, K.M., 2012, A holistic strategy for adaptive land management: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, v. 67, no. 4, p. 105A-113A, https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.67.4.105A.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"105A","endPage":"113A","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474414,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.67.4.105a","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258876,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.67.4.105A","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e424e4b0c8380cd4643d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herrick, Jeffrey E.","contributorId":26054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrick","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12627,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":465441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.","contributorId":26180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bestelmeyer","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6973,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range and Jornada Basin LTER, Las Cruces, NM; New Mexico State University, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Las Cruces, NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":465442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wills, Skye A.","contributorId":81737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wills","given":"Skye","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, Joel R.","contributorId":72641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Joel R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Karl, Jason W.","contributorId":22616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Jason W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Havstad, Kris M.","contributorId":16692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havstad","given":"Kris","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70039021,"text":"70039021 - 2012 - A climate for speciation: rapid spatial diversification within the Sorex cinereus complex of shrews","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:10:25","indexId":"70039021","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2779,"text":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A climate for speciation: rapid spatial diversification within the Sorex cinereus complex of shrews","docAbstract":"The cyclic climate regime of the late Quaternary caused dramatic environmental change at high latitudes. Although these events may have been brief in periodicity from an evolutionary standpoint, multiple episodes of allopatry and divergence have been implicated in rapid radiations of a number of organisms. Shrews of the Sorex cinereus complex have long challenged taxonomists due to similar morphology and parapatric geographic ranges. Here, multi-locus phylogenetic and demographic assessments using a coalescent framework were combined to investigate spatiotemporal evolution of 13 nominal species with a widespread distribution throughout North America and across Beringia into Siberia. For these species, we first test a hypothesis of recent differentiation in response to Pleistocene climate versus more ancient divergence that would coincide with pre-Pleistocene perturbations. We then investigate the processes driving diversification over multiple continents. Our genetic analyses highlight novel diversity within these morphologically conserved mammals and clarify relationships between geographic distribution and evolutionary history. Demography within and among species indicates both regional stability and rapid expansion. Ancestral ecological differentiation coincident with early cladogenesis within the complex enabled alternating and repeated episodes of allopatry and expansion where successive glacial and interglacial phases each promoted divergence. The Sorex cinereus complex constitutes a valuable model for future comparative assessments of evolution in response to cyclic environmental change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.021","usgsCitation":"Hope, A.G., Speer, K.A., Demboski, J.R., Talbot, S.L., and Cook, J.A., 2012, A climate for speciation: rapid spatial diversification within the Sorex cinereus complex of shrews: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, v. 64, no. 3, p. 671-684, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.021.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"671","endPage":"684","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258881,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258878,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.021","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"North America;Siberia","volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e343e4b0c8380cd45efc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hope, Andrew G. 0000-0003-3814-2891 ahope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-2891","contributorId":4309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hope","given":"Andrew","email":"ahope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Speer, Kelly A.","contributorId":104754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speer","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Demboski, John R.","contributorId":101133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demboski","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, Joseph A.","contributorId":8323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":465455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70039015,"text":"ofr20121143 - 2012 - Independent technical review and analysis of hydraulic modeling and hydrology under low-flow conditions of the Des Plaines River near Riverside, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-14T01:01:39","indexId":"ofr20121143","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1143","title":"Independent technical review and analysis of hydraulic modeling and hydrology under low-flow conditions of the Des Plaines River near Riverside, Illinois","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has operated a streamgage and published daily flows for the Des Plaines River at Riverside since Oct. 1, 1943. A HEC-RAS model has been developed to estimate the effect of the removal of Hofmann Dam near the gage on low-flow elevations in the reach approximately 3 miles upstream from the dam. The Village of Riverside, the Illinois Department of Natural Resources-Office of Water Resources (IDNR-OWR), and the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers-Chicago District (USACE-Chicago) are interested in verifying the performance of the HEC-RAS model for specific low-flow conditions, and obtaining an estimate of selected daily flow quantiles and other low-flow statistics for a selected period of record that best represents current hydrologic conditions. Because the USGS publishes streamflow records for the Des Plaines River system and provides unbiased analyses of flows and stream hydraulic characteristics, the USGS served as an Independent Technical Reviewer (ITR) for this study.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121143","usgsCitation":"Over, T.M., Straub, T., Hortness, J., and Murphy, E., 2012, Independent technical review and analysis of hydraulic modeling and hydrology under low-flow conditions of the Des Plaines River near Riverside, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1143, v, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121143.","productDescription":"v, 73 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258856,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1143.JPG"},{"id":258846,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1143/pdf/ofr20121143_071212.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258847,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1143/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Hofmann Dam;Des Plaines River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.83416666666666,41.80138888888889 ], [ -87.83416666666666,41.83444444444444 ], [ -87.81666666666666,41.83444444444444 ], [ -87.81666666666666,41.80138888888889 ], [ -87.83416666666666,41.80138888888889 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3a11e4b0c8380cd61b37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Over, Thomas M. 0000-0001-8280-4368 tmover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-4368","contributorId":1819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Over","given":"Thomas","email":"tmover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straub, Timothy D. 0000-0002-5896-0851 tdstraub@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-0851","contributorId":2273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"Timothy D.","email":"tdstraub@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hortness, Jon 0000-0002-9809-2876 hortness@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-2876","contributorId":3601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hortness","given":"Jon","email":"hortness@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":69660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70039004,"text":"sir20125136 - 2012 - Simulation of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge in the middle Nueces River watershed, south Texas, 1961-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T08:53:15","indexId":"sir20125136","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5136","title":"Simulation of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge in the middle Nueces River watershed, south Texas, 1961-2008","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey&mdash;in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District; City of Corpus Christi; Guadalupe&ndash;Blanco River Authority; San Antonio River Authority; and San Antonio Water System&mdash; configured, calibrated, and tested a watershed model for a study area consisting of about 7,726 square miles of the middle Nueces River watershed in south Texas. The purpose of the model is to contribute to the understanding of watershed processes and hydrologic conditions in the middle Nueces River watershed. The model simulates streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge by using a numerical representation of physical characteristics of the landscape and meteorological and streamflow data.</p>\n<p>Model simulations of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge were performed for various periods of record depending upon available gaged data for input and comparison, starting as early as 1961. Because of the large size of the study area, the middle Nueces River watershed was divided into eight subwatersheds, and separate Hydrological Simulation Program&mdash;FORTRAN models were developed for each subwatershed. Simulation of the overall study area involved running simulations in downstream order. Output from the model was summarized by subwatershed, point locations, stream and reservoir reaches, and the Carrizo&ndash; Wilcox aquifer outcrop area. Four long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations were used for streamflow model calibration and testing with data from 1990 to 2008. Monthly evaporation estimates from 2001 to 2008 and waterlevel data from 1961 to 2008 at Lake Corpus Christi also were used for model calibration. Additionally, evapotranspiration data for 2006&ndash;8 from a U.S. Geological Survey meteorological station in Medina County were used for calibration.</p>\n<p>Streamflow calibrations were considered poor to very good. The 2000&ndash;8 calibration results were characterized as good to very good for total flow volumes and for the volume of the highest 10 percent of daily flows. Calibration results for streamflow volumes of the lowest 50 percent of daily flows were considered poor. The daily streamflow calibration at U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station 08210000 Nueces River near Three Rivers, Tex., had the lowest (best) root mean square error, and U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station 08194500 Nueces River near Tilden, Tex., had the highest root mean square error expressed as a percentage of the mean flow rate. The mean daily reservoir volume during 1961&ndash;2008 was 182,000 acre-feet. Simulated mean daily reservoir volume was within 9 percent of this computed volume.</p>\n<p>Selected results of the model include streamflow yields for the subwatersheds and water-balance information for the Carrizo&ndash;Wilcox aquifer outcrop area. For the entire model domain, the area-weighted mean streamflow yield from 1961 to 2008 was 1.12 inches/year. The mean annual rainfall on the outcrop area during the 1961&ndash;2008 simulation period was 21.7 inches. Of this rainfall, an annual mean of 20.1 inches (about 93 percent) was simulated as evapotranspiration, 1.2 inches (about 6 percent) was simulated as groundwater recharge, and 0.5 inches (about 2 percent) was simulated as surface runoff.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125136","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District; City of Corpus Christi; Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority; San Antonio River Authority; and San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Dietsch, B.J., and Wehmeyer, L.L., 2012, Simulation of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge in the middle Nueces River watershed, south Texas, 1961-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5136, vi, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125136.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5136.JPG"},{"id":258871,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5136/pdf/sir2012-5136.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258870,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5136/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum","country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Nueces River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.5,27.5 ], [ -100.5,30.000833333333333 ], [ -97.5,30.000833333333333 ], [ -97.5,27.5 ], [ -100.5,27.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9096e4b08c986b3195b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dietsch, Benjamin J. 0000-0003-1090-409X bdietsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-409X","contributorId":1346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdietsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wehmeyer, Loren L.","contributorId":90412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wehmeyer","given":"Loren","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70158629,"text":"70158629 - 2012 - Life on the edge: corals in mangroves and climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T13:53:31","indexId":"70158629","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Life on the edge: corals in mangroves and climate change","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coral diseases have played a major role in the degradation of coral reefs in the Caribbean, including those in the US Virgin Islands (USVI). In 2005, bleaching affected reefs throughout the Caribbean, and was especially severe on USVI reefs. Some corals began to regain their color as water temperatures cooled, but an outbreak of disease (primarily white plague) led to losses of over 60% of the total live coral cover. Montastraea annularis, the most abundant coral, was disproportionately affected, and decreased in relative abundance. The threatened species Acropora palmata bleached for the first time on record in the USVI but suffered less bleaching and less mortality from disease than M. annularis. Acropora palmata and M. annularis are the two most significant species in the USVI because of their structural role in the architecture of the reefs, the large size of their colonies, and their complex morphology. The future of the USVI reefs depends largely on their fate. Acropora palmata is more likely to recover than M. annularis for many reasons, including its faster growth rate, and its lower vulnerability to bleaching and disease.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"12th International Coral Reef Symposium: Cairns, Queensland, Australia, July 9-13, 2012","conferenceTitle":"12th International Coral Reef Symposium","conferenceDate":"July 9-13 2012","conferenceLocation":"Cairns, Queensland","language":"English","publisher":"National Coral Reef Institute","usgsCitation":"Rogers, C.S., and Herlan, J.J., 2012, Life on the edge: corals in mangroves and climate change, <i>in</i> 12th International Coral Reef Symposium: Cairns, Queensland, Australia, July 9-13, 2012, Cairns, Queensland, July 9-13 2012.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036209","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"563495cee4b048076347fe2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, Caroline S. 0000-0001-9056-6961 caroline_rogers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-6961","contributorId":3126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"Caroline","email":"caroline_rogers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herlan, James J. jherlan@usgs.gov","contributorId":4768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herlan","given":"James","email":"jherlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039018,"text":"70039018 - 2012 - Toxicity of chloride under winter low-flow conditions in an urban watershed in central Missouri, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-31T12:57:10","indexId":"70039018","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of chloride under winter low-flow conditions in an urban watershed in central Missouri, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Deicers such as sodium chloride and calcium chloride are used to treat snow and ice on road surfaces and have been identified as potential stressors on aquatic life. Hinkson Creek is an urban stream on the Missouri 303(d) list of impaired waters and is classified as impaired due to urban non-point source pollution. A 7-day toxicity test using <i>Ceriodaphnia dubia</i>&nbsp;was conducted to assess the toxicity of stream water during snowmelt at seven sites within the Hinkson Creek watershed. Chloride concentrations at two sites (Site 6, 1252 mg Cl/L; Site 4, 301 mg Cl/L) exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency chronic criterion (230 mg Cl/L). Survival (30 %) and total reproduction (6.9 young/adult) of <i>C. dubia</i> at Site 6 was significantly lower than survival (100 %) and total reproduction (30.4 young/adult) at Site 1 (reference site). Results indicate that chloride concentrations are elevated above water-quality criteria and that chloride may be a significant chemical stressor for macroinvertebrate communities during winter low-flow conditions in the Hinkson Creek watershed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00128-012-0673-0","usgsCitation":"Allert, A., Cole-Neal, C.L., and Fairchild, J.F., 2012, Toxicity of chloride under winter low-flow conditions in an urban watershed in central Missouri, USA: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 89, no. 2, p. 296-301, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0673-0.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"296","endPage":"301","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"Boone County","city":"Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Hinkson Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.43450164794922,\n              38.872859384572244\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.43450164794922,\n              39.00637903337455\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.22335815429688,\n              39.00637903337455\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.22335815429688,\n              38.872859384572244\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.43450164794922,\n              38.872859384572244\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5f7e4b08c986b3269bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allert, Ann L. aallert@usgs.gov","contributorId":494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allert","given":"Ann L.","email":"aallert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole-Neal, Cavelle L.","contributorId":48804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole-Neal","given":"Cavelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fairchild, James F. jfairchild@usgs.gov","contributorId":492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairchild","given":"James","email":"jfairchild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70040434,"text":"pp1661F - 2012 - Turbidite event history—Methods and implications for Holocene paleoseismicity of the Cascadia subduction zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-13T20:01:45.91758","indexId":"pp1661F","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-12T08:40:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1661","chapter":"F","displayTitle":"Turbidite Event History—Methods and Implications for Holocene Paleoseismicity of the Cascadia Subduction Zone","title":"Turbidite event history—Methods and implications for Holocene paleoseismicity of the Cascadia subduction zone","docAbstract":"<p>Turbidite systems along the continental margin of Cascadia Basin from Vancouver Island, Canada, to Cape Mendocino, California, United States, have been investigated with swath bathymetry; newly collected and archive piston, gravity, kasten, and box cores; and accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dates. The purpose of this study is to test the applicability of the Holocene turbidite record as a paleoseismic record for the Cascadia subduction zone. The Cascadia Basin is an ideal place to develop a turbidite paleoseismologic method and to record paleoearthquakes because (1) a single subduction-zone fault underlies the Cascadia submarine-canyon systems; (2) multiple tributary canyons and a variety of turbidite systems and sedimentary sources exist to use in tests of synchronous turbidite triggering; (3) the Cascadia trench is completely sediment filled, allowing channel systems to trend seaward across the abyssal plain, rather than merging in the trench; (4) the continental shelf is wide, favoring disconnection of Holocene river systems from their largely Pleistocene canyons; and (5) excellent stratigraphic datums, including the Mazama ash and distinguishable sedimentological and faunal changes near the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary, are present for correlating events and anchoring the temporal framework. </p><p>Multiple tributaries to Cascadia Channel with 50- to 150-km spacing, and a wide variety of other turbidite systems with different sedimentary sources contain 13 post-Mazama-ash and 19 Holocene turbidites. Likely correlative sequences are found in Cascadia Channel, Juan de Fuca Channel off Washington, and Hydrate Ridge slope basin and Astoria Fan off northern and central Oregon. A probable correlative sequence of turbidites is also found in cores on Rogue Apron off southern Oregon. The Hydrate Ridge and Rogue Apron cores also include 12-22 interspersed thinner turbidite beds respectively. </p><p>We use <sup>14</sup>C dates, relative-dating tests at channel confluences, and stratigraphic correlation of turbidites to determine whether turbidites deposited in separate channel systems are correlative - triggered by a common event. In most cases, these tests can separate earthquake-triggered turbidity currents from other possible sources. The 10,000-year turbidite record along the Cascadia margin passes several tests for synchronous triggering and correlates well with the shorter onshore paleoseismic record. The synchroneity of a 10,000-year turbidite-event record for 500 km along the northern half of the Cascadia subduction zone is best explained by paleoseismic triggering by great earthquakes. Similarly, we find a likely synchronous record in southern Cascadia, including correlated additional events along the southern margin. We examine the applicability of other regional triggers, such as storm waves, storm surges, hyperpycnal flows, and teletsunami, specifically for the Cascadia margin. </p><p>The average age of the oldest turbidite emplacement event in the 10-0-ka series is 9,800±~210 cal yr B.P. and the youngest is 270±~120 cal yr B.P., indistinguishable from the A.D. 1700 (250 cal yr B.P.) Cascadia earthquake. The northern events define a great earthquake recurrence of ~500-530 years. The recurrence times and averages are supported by the thickness of hemipelagic sediment deposited between turbidite beds. The southern Oregon and northern California margins represent at least three segments that include all of the northern ruptures, as well as ~22 thinner turbidites of restricted latitude range that are correlated between multiple sites. At least two northern California sites, Trinidad and Eel Canyon/pools, record additional turbidites, which may be a mix of earthquake and sedimentologically or storm-triggered events, particularly during the early Holocene when a close connection existed between these canyons and associated river systems. </p><p>The combined stratigraphic correlations, hemipelagic analysis, and <sup>14</sup>C framework suggest that the Cascadia margin has three rupture modes: (1) 19-20 full-length or nearly full length ruptures; (2) three or four ruptures comprising the southern 50-70 percent of the margin; and (3) 18-20 smaller southern-margin ruptures during the past 10 k.y., with the possibility of additional southern-margin events that are presently uncorrelated. The shorter rupture extents and thinner turbidites of the southern margin correspond well with spatial extents interpreted from the limited onshore paleoseismic record, supporting margin segmentation of southern Cascadia. The sequence of 41 events defines an average recurrence period for the southern Cascadia margin of ~240 years during the past 10 k.y. </p><p>Time-independent probabilities for segmented ruptures range from 7-12 percent in 50 years for full or nearly full margin ruptures to ~21 percent in 50 years for a southern-margin rupture. Time-dependent probabilities are similar for northern margin events at ~7-12 percent and 37-42 percent in 50 years for the southern margin. Failure analysis suggests that by the year 2060, Cascadia will have exceeded ~27 percent of Holocene recurrence intervals for the northern margin and 85 percent of recurrence intervals for the southern margin. </p><p>The long earthquake record established in Cascadia allows tests of recurrence models rarely possible elsewhere. Turbidite mass per event along the Cascadia margin reveals a consistent record for many of the Cascadia turbidites. We infer that larger turbidites likely represent larger earthquakes. Mass per event and magnitude estimates also correlate modestly with following time intervals for each event, suggesting that Cascadia full or nearly full margin ruptures weakly support a time-predictable model of recurrence. The long paleoseismic record also suggests a pattern of clustered earthquakes that includes four or five cycles of two to five earthquakes during the past 10 k.y., separated by unusually long intervals. </p><p>We suggest that the pattern of long time intervals and longer ruptures for the northern and central margins may be a function of high sediment supply on the incoming plate, smoothing asperities, and potential barriers. The smaller southern Cascadia segments correspond to thinner incoming sediment sections and potentially greater interaction between lower-plate and upper-plate heterogeneities. </p><p>The Cascadia Basin turbidite record establishes new paleoseismic techniques utilizing marine turbidite-event stratigraphy during sea-level highstands. These techniques can be applied in other specific settings worldwide, where an extensive fault traverses a continental margin that has several active turbidite systems.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Hazards of the Pacific Northwest Coastal and Marine Regions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1661F","usgsCitation":"Goldfinger, C., Nelson, C.H., Morey, A.E., Johnson, J.E., Patton, J.R., Karabanov, E., Gutiérrez-Pastor, J., Eriksson, A.T., Gràcia, E., Dunhill, G., Enkin, R.J., Dallimore, A., and Vallier, T., 2012, Turbidite event history—Methods and implications for Holocene paleoseismicity of the Cascadia subduction zone: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1661–F, 170 p. (Available at https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1661f/).","productDescription":"Report: x, 170 p.; Appendixes","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370579,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1661f/pp1661f.pdf","size":"25.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":370577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1661f/coverthb3.jpg"},{"id":370581,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1661f/appendixes.zip","size":"12.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -130.000000,38.750000 ], [ -130.000000,49.000000 ], [ -122.000000,49.000000 ], [ -122.000000,38.750000 ], [ -130.000000,38.750000 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p><a href=\"http://activetectonics.coas.oregonstate.edu/\" data-mce-href=\"http://activetectonics.coas.oregonstate.edu/\">Active Tectonics and Seafloor Mapping Lab</a><br>Oregon State University<br>College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences<br>Burt 130, Corvallis OR 97331<br></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Significance of Turbidite Paleoseismology</li><li>Cascadia Subduction Zone and Great Earthquake Potential</li><li>Methods</li><li>Results</li><li>Discussion</li><li>Implications for Earthquake Hazards in Cascadia Basin and the Northern San Andreas</li><li>Fault</li><li>Conclusions</li><li>Lessons Learned</li><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendixes 1–11</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2012-07-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e55870e4b0a4aa5bb02d7d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kayen, Robert","contributorId":12030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509061,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Goldfinger, Chris","contributorId":59460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfinger","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, C. Hans","contributorId":34909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Hans","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morey, Ann E.","contributorId":41694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morey","given":"Ann E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Joel E.","contributorId":29259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Joel E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Patton, Jason R.","contributorId":22619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Karabanov, Eugene B.","contributorId":7960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karabanov","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gutierrez-Pastor, Julia","contributorId":14240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutierrez-Pastor","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Eriksson, Andrew T.","contributorId":97759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eriksson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gracia, Eulalia","contributorId":12735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gracia","given":"Eulalia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Dunhill, Gita","contributorId":36169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunhill","given":"Gita","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Enkin, Randolph J.","contributorId":75373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enkin","given":"Randolph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Dallimore, Audrey","contributorId":98165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dallimore","given":"Audrey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Vallier, Tracy","contributorId":96948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallier","given":"Tracy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70189053,"text":"70189053 - 2012 - Imaging with cross-hole seismoelectric tomography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T09:40:56","indexId":"70189053","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Imaging with cross-hole seismoelectric tomography","docAbstract":"<p><span>We propose a cross-hole imaging approach based on seismoelectric conversions (SC) associated with the transmission of seismic waves from seismic sources located in a borehole to receivers (electrodes) located in a second borehole. The seismoelectric (seismic-to-electric) problem is solved using Biot theory coupled with a generalized Ohm's law with an electrokinetic streaming current contribution. The components of the displacement of the solid phase, the fluid pressure, and the electrical potential are solved using a finite element approach with Perfect Match Layer (PML) boundary conditions for the seismic waves and boundary conditions mimicking an infinite material for the electrostatic problem. We develop an inversion algorithm using the electrical disturbances recorded in the second borehole to localize the position of the heterogeneities responsible for the SC. Because of the ill-posed nature of the inverse problem (inherent to all potential-field problems), regularization is used to constrain the solution at each time in the SC-time window comprised between the time of the seismic shot and the time of the first arrival of the seismic waves in the second borehole. All the inverted volumetric current source densities are aggregated together to produce an image of the position of the heterogeneities between the two boreholes. Two simple synthetic case studies are presented to test this concept. The first case study corresponds to a vertical discontinuity between two homogeneous sub-domains. The second case study corresponds to a poroelastic inclusion (partially saturated by oil) embedded into an homogenous poroelastic formation. In both cases, the position of the heterogeneity is recovered using only the electrical disturbances associated with the SC. That said, a joint inversion of the seismic and seismoelectric data could improve these results.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Astronomical Society","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05325.x","usgsCitation":"Araji, A., Revil, A., Jardani, A., Minsley, B.J., and Karaoulis, M., 2012, Imaging with cross-hole seismoelectric tomography: Geophysical Journal International, v. 188, no. 3, p. 1285-1302, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05325.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1285","endPage":"1302","ipdsId":"IP-026821","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2011.05325.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343211,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"188","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59576339e4b0d1f9f051b553","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Araji, A.H.","contributorId":37988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Araji","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Revil, A.","contributorId":49627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revil","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jardani, A.","contributorId":74599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jardani","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Karaoulis, M.","contributorId":77762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karaoulis","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70039007,"text":"70039007 - 2012 - General methods for sensitivity analysis of equilibrium dynamics in patch occupancy models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-13T01:01:54","indexId":"70039007","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"General methods for sensitivity analysis of equilibrium dynamics in patch occupancy models","docAbstract":"Sensitivity analysis is a useful tool for the study of ecological models that has many potential applications for patch occupancy modeling. Drawing from the rich foundation of existing methods for Markov chain models, I demonstrate new methods for sensitivity analysis of the equilibrium state dynamics of occupancy models. Estimates from three previous studies are used to illustrate the utility of the sensitivity calculations: a joint occupancy model for a prey species, its predators, and habitat used by both; occurrence dynamics from a well-known metapopulation study of three butterfly species; and Golden Eagle occupancy and reproductive dynamics. I show how to deal efficiently with multistate models and how to calculate sensitivities involving derived state variables and lower-level parameters. In addition, I extend methods to incorporate environmental variation by allowing for spatial and temporal variability in transition probabilities. The approach used here is concise and general and can fully account for environmental variability in transition parameters. The methods can be used to improve inferences in occupancy studies by quantifying the effects of underlying parameters, aiding prediction of future system states, and identifying priorities for sampling effort.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ESA","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/11-1495.1","usgsCitation":"Miller, D.A., 2012, General methods for sensitivity analysis of equilibrium dynamics in patch occupancy models: Ecology, v. 93, no. 5, p. 1204-1213, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1495.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1204","endPage":"1213","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258430,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-1495.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"93","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1511e4b0c8380cd54c9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, David A.W. davidmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":4043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David","email":"davidmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":465401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039009,"text":"70039009 - 2012 - An assessment of the carbon balance of arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-13T01:01:54","indexId":"70039009","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An assessment of the carbon balance of arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions","docAbstract":"Although arctic tundra has been estimated to cover only 8% of the global land surface, the large and potentially labile carbon pools currently stored in tundra soils have the potential for large emissions of carbon (C) under a warming climate. These emissions as radiatively active greenhouse gases in the form of both CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> could amplify global warming. Given the potential sensitivity of these ecosystems to climate change and the expectation that the Arctic will experience appreciable warming over the next century, it is important to assess whether responses of C exchange in tundra regions are likely to enhance or mitigate warming. In this study we compared analyses of C exchange of Arctic tundra between 1990&ndash;1999 and 2000&ndash;2006 among observations, regional and global applications of process-based terrestrial biosphere models, and atmospheric inversion models. Syntheses of the compilation of flux observations and of inversion model results indicate that the annual exchange of CO<sub>2</sub> between arctic tundra and the atmosphere has large uncertainties that cannot be distinguished from neutral balance. The mean estimate from an ensemble of process-based model simulations suggests that arctic tundra acted as a sink for atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> in recent decades, but based on the uncertainty estimates it cannot be determined with confidence whether these ecosystems represent a weak or a strong sink. Tundra was 0.6 &deg;C warmer in the 2000s compared to the 1990s. The central estimates of the observations, process-based models, and inversion models each identify stronger sinks in the 2000s compared with the 1990s. Similarly, the observations and the applications of regional process-based models suggest that CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from arctic tundra have increased from the 1990s to 2000s. Based on our analyses of the estimates from observations, process-based models, and inversion models, we estimate that arctic tundra was a sink for atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> of 110 Tg C yr<sup>-1</sup> (uncertainty between a sink of 291 Tg C yr<sup>-1</sup> and a source of 80 Tg C yr<sup>-1</sup>) and a source of CH<sub>4</sub> to the atmosphere of 19 Tg C yr<sup>-1</sup> (uncertainty between sources of 8 and 29 Tg C yr<sup>-1</sup>). The suite of analyses conducted in this study indicate that it is clearly important to reduce uncertainties in the observations, process-based models, and inversions in order to better understand the degree to which Arctic tundra is influencing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations. The reduction of uncertainties can be accomplished through (1) the strategic placement of more CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> monitoring stations to reduce uncertainties in inversions, (2) improved observation networks of ground-based measurements of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> exchange to understand exchange in response to disturbance and across gradients of hydrological variability, and (3) the effective transfer of information from enhanced observation networks into process-based models to improve the simulation of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> exchange from arctic tundra to the atmosphere.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","publisherLocation":"Munich, Germany","doi":"10.5194/bgd-9-4543-2012","usgsCitation":"McGuire, A., Christensen, T., Hayes, D., Heroult, A., Euskirchen, E., Yi, Y., Kimball, J., Koven, C., Lafleur, P., Miller, P., Oechel, W., Peylin, P., and Williams, M., 2012, An assessment of the carbon balance of arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions: Biogeosciences, v. 9, no. 4, p. 4543-4594, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-4543-2012.","productDescription":"52 p.","startPage":"4543","endPage":"4594","costCenters":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474415,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-4543-2012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258437,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-4543-2012","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea17e4b0c8380cd4861a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christensen, T.R.","contributorId":81440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, D.","contributorId":15275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heroult, A.","contributorId":65732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heroult","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Euskirchen, E.","contributorId":62473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euskirchen","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yi, Y.","contributorId":79274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yi","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kimball, J.S.","contributorId":79141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Koven, C.","contributorId":39655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koven","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lafleur, P.","contributorId":23026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafleur","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Miller, P.A.","contributorId":89414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Oechel, W.","contributorId":76104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oechel","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Peylin, P.","contributorId":14265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peylin","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Williams, Murray","contributorId":100499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Murray","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70039005,"text":"70039005 - 2012 - Assessment of bias in US waterfowl harvest estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-13T01:01:54","indexId":"70039005","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3777,"text":"Wildlife Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of bias in US waterfowl harvest estimates","docAbstract":"Context. North American waterfowl managers have long suspected that waterfowl harvest estimates derived from national harvest surveys in the USA are biased high. Survey bias can be evaluated by comparing survey results with like estimates from independent sources. Aims. We used band-recovery data to assess the magnitude of apparent bias in duck and goose harvest estimates, using mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and Canada geese (Branta canadensis) as representatives of ducks and geese, respectively. Methods. We compared the number of reported mallard and Canada goose band recoveries, adjusted for band reporting rates, with the estimated harvests of banded mallards and Canada geese from the national harvest surveys. Weused the results of those comparisons to develop correction factors that can be applied to annual duck and goose harvest estimates of the national harvest survey. Key results. National harvest survey estimates of banded mallards harvested annually averaged 1.37 times greater than those calculated from band-recovery data, whereas Canada goose harvest estimates averaged 1.50 or 1.63 times greater than comparable band-recovery estimates, depending on the harvest survey methodology used. Conclusions. Duck harvest estimates produced by the national harvest survey from 1971 to 2010 should be reduced by a factor of 0.73 (95% CI = 0.71&ndash;0.75) to correct for apparent bias. Survey-specific correction factors of 0.67 (95% CI = 0.65&ndash;0.69) and 0.61 (95% CI = 0.59&ndash;0.64) should be applied to the goose harvest estimates for 1971&ndash;2001 (duck stamp-based survey) and 1999&ndash;2010 (HIP-based survey), respectively. Implications. Although this apparent bias likely has not influenced waterfowl harvest management policy in the USA, it does have negative impacts on some applications of harvest estimates, such as indirect estimation of population size. For those types of analyses, we recommend applying the appropriate correction factor to harvest estimates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","publisherLocation":"Collingwood, Australia","doi":"10.1071/WR11105","usgsCitation":"Padding, P.I., and Royle, J., 2012, Assessment of bias in US waterfowl harvest estimates: Wildlife Research, v. 39, no. 4, p. 336-342, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR11105.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"336","endPage":"342","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258428,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WR11105","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"39","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee21e4b0c8380cd49bae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Padding, Paul I.","contributorId":38411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Padding","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":80808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039006,"text":"70039006 - 2012 - Taxonomic status and relationships of Sorex obscurus parvidens Jackson, 1921, from California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-13T01:01:54","indexId":"70039006","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taxonomic status and relationships of Sorex obscurus parvidens Jackson, 1921, from California","docAbstract":"The San Bernardino shrew, Sorex obscurus parvidens Jackson, 1921, is a population inhabiting the San Bernardino and San Gabriel mountains of southern California. For the past 9 decades, this population has been considered either a subspecies of S. obscurus Merriam, 1895, S. vagrans Baird, 1857, or S. monticola Merriam, 1890; or an undifferentiated population of S. ornatus Merriam, 1895. Aside from the changing taxonomic landscape that contextualizes the genus Sorex, previous study of S. obscurus parvidens has been retarded by the perception of limited available samples (typically, fewer than 8 specimens); misinterpretation of the provenance of specimens identified as S. obscurus parvidens; misunderstanding of the type locality; and inclusion of specimens of this taxon in the type series of another species with which S. obscurus parvidens has been both contrasted and allied at different times. My investigation of S. obscurus parvidens indicates that it is a distinctive population that is morphologically closest to S. ornatus, and it corresponds to the Southern Clade of that species. However, the appropriate names for deep clades within S. ornatus remain uncertain. Until this uncertainty is resolved, S. obscurus parvidens should be considered a distinctive population within S. ornatus; for conservation purposes, it should be recognized as S. ornatus parvidens.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1644/11-MAMM-A-354.1","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., 2012, Taxonomic status and relationships of Sorex obscurus parvidens Jackson, 1921, from California: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 93, no. 3, p. 826-838, https://doi.org/10.1644/11-MAMM-A-354.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"826","endPage":"838","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258429,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/11-MAMM-A-354.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Bernardino Mountains;San Gabriel Mountains","volume":"93","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3efe4b08c986b31ffc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039012,"text":"sir20125121 - 2012 - Comparison of base flows to selected streamflow statistics representative of 1930-2002 in West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-14T01:01:39","indexId":"sir20125121","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5121","title":"Comparison of base flows to selected streamflow statistics representative of 1930-2002 in West Virginia","docAbstract":"Base flows were compared with published streamflow statistics to assess climate variability and to determine the published statistics that can be substituted for annual and seasonal base flows of unregulated streams in West Virginia. The comparison study was done by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Water and Waste Management. The seasons were defined as winter (January 1-March 31), spring (April 1-June 30), summer (July 1-September 30), and fall (October 1-December 31). Differences in mean annual base flows for five record sub-periods (1930-42, 1943-62, 1963-69, 1970-79, and 1980-2002) range from -14.9 to 14.6 percent when compared to the values for the period 1930-2002. Differences between mean seasonal base flows and values for the period 1930-2002 are less variable for winter and spring, -11.2 to 11.0 percent, than for summer and fall, -47.0 to 43.6 percent. Mean summer base flows (July-September) and mean monthly base flows for July, August, September, and October are approximately equal, within 7.4 percentage points of mean annual base flow. The mean of each of annual, spring, summer, fall, and winter base flows are approximately equal to the annual 50-percent (standard error of 10.3 percent), 45-percent (error of 14.6 percent), 75-percent (error of 11.8 percent), 55-percent (error of 11.2 percent), and 35-percent duration flows (error of 11.1 percent), respectively. The mean seasonal base flows for spring, summer, fall, and winter are approximately equal to the spring 50- to 55-percent (standard error of 6.8 percent), summer 45- to 50-percent (error of 6.7 percent), fall 45-percent (error of 15.2 percent), and winter 60-percent duration flows (error of 8.5 percent), respectively. Annual and seasonal base flows representative of the period 1930-2002 at unregulated streamflow-gaging stations and ungaged locations in West Virginia can be estimated using previously published values of statistics and procedures.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125121","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Water and Waste Management","usgsCitation":"Wiley, J.B., 2012, Comparison of base flows to selected streamflow statistics representative of 1930-2002 in West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5121, vi, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125121.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5121.png"},{"id":258439,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5121/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258440,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5121/pdf/sir2012-5121.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 17","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.66666666666667,37.166666666666664 ], [ -82.66666666666667,41 ], [ -77.66666666666667,41 ], [ -77.66666666666667,37.166666666666664 ], [ -82.66666666666667,37.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f851e4b0c8380cd4d008","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiley, Jeffrey B.","contributorId":59746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039008,"text":"70039008 - 2012 - Likelihood analysis of species occurrence probability from presence-only data for modelling species distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-13T01:01:54","indexId":"70039008","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Likelihood analysis of species occurrence probability from presence-only data for modelling species distributions","docAbstract":"1. Understanding the factors affecting species occurrence is a pre-eminent focus of applied ecological research. However, direct information about species occurrence is lacking for many species. Instead, researchers sometimes have to rely on so-called presence-only data (i.e. when no direct information about absences is available), which often results from opportunistic, unstructured sampling. MAXENT is a widely used software program designed to model and map species distribution using presence-only data. 2. We provide a critical review of MAXENT as applied to species distribution modelling and discuss how it can lead to inferential errors. A chief concern is that MAXENT produces a number of poorly defined indices that are not directly related to the actual parameter of interest &ndash; the probability of occurrence (<i>&psi;</i>). This focus on an index was motivated by the belief that it is not possible to estimate <i>&psi;</i> from presence-only data; however, we demonstrate that <i>&psi;</i> is identifiable using conventional likelihood methods under the assumptions of random sampling and constant probability of species detection. 3. The model is implemented in a convenient r package which we use to apply the model to simulated data and data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey. We demonstrate that MAXENT produces extreme under-predictions when compared to estimates produced by logistic regression which uses the full (presence/absence) data set. We note that MAXENT predictions are extremely sensitive to specification of the background prevalence, which is not objectively estimated using the MAXENT method. 4. As with MAXENT, formal model-based inference requires a random sample of presence locations. Many presence-only data sets, such as those based on museum records and herbarium collections, may not satisfy this assumption. However, when sampling is random, we believe that inference should be based on formal methods that facilitate inference about interpretable ecological quantities instead of vaguely defined indices.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00182.x","usgsCitation":"Royle, J., Chandler, R.B., Yackulic, C., and Nichols, J., 2012, Likelihood analysis of species occurrence probability from presence-only data for modelling species distributions: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, v. 3, no. 3, p. 545-554, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00182.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"554","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474417,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-210x.2011.00182.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258431,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00182.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a477fe4b0c8380cd67895","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":80808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chandler, Richard B. rchandler@usgs.gov","contributorId":63524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Richard","email":"rchandler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles","contributorId":21831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70039013,"text":"70039013 - 2012 - Binational ecological risk assessment of bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthys spp.) for the Great Lakes Basin.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-27T18:42:16.499996","indexId":"70039013","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":248,"text":"DFO Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat: Research Document","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"2011/114","title":"Binational ecological risk assessment of bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthys spp.) for the Great Lakes Basin.","docAbstract":"Bigheaded carps (Bighead and Silver carps) are considered a potential threat to the Great Lakes basin. A binational ecological risk assessment was conducted to provide scientifically defensible advice for managers and decision-makers in Canada and the United States. This risk assessment looked at the likelihood of arrival, survival, establishment, and spread of bigheaded carps to obtain an overall probability of introduction. Arrival routes assessed were physical connections and human-mediated releases. The risk assessment ranked physical connections (specifically the Chicago Area Waterway System) as the most likely route for arrival into the Great Lakes basin. Results of the risk assessment show that there is enough food and habitat for bigheaded carp survival in the Great Lakes, especially in Lake Erie and productive embayments in the other lakes. Analyses of tributaries around the Canadian Great Lakes and the American waters of Lake Erie indicate that there are many suitable tributaries for bigheaded carp spawning. Should bigheaded carps establish in the Great Lakes, their spread would not likely be limited and several ecological consequences can be expected to occur. These consequences include competition for planktonic food leading to reduced growth rates, recruitment and abundance of planktivores. Subsequently this would lead to reduced stocks of piscivores and abundance of fishes with pelagic, early life stages. Overall risk is highest for lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie, followed by Lake Ontario then Lake Superior. To avoid the trajectory of the invasion process and prevent or minimize anticipated consequences, it is important to continue to focus efforts on reducing the probability of introduction of these species at either the arrival, survival, establishment, or spread stage (depending on location).","language":"English, French","publisher":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, ON","usgsCitation":"Cudmore, B., Mandrak, N.E., Dettmers, J.M., Chapman, D., and Kolar, C.S., 2012, Binational ecological risk assessment of bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthys spp.) for the Great Lakes Basin.: DFO Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat: Research Document 2011/114, vi, 57 p.","productDescription":"vi, 57 p.","numberOfPages":"63","ipdsId":"IP-034515","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258844,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258459,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/csas-sccs/Publications/ResDocs-DocRech/2011/2011_114-fra.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"French Version"},{"id":258457,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/csas-sccs/Publications/ResDocs-DocRech/2011/2011_114-eng.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"English Version"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f134e4b0c8380cd4aac2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cudmore, Becky","contributorId":194702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cudmore","given":"Becky","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mandrak, Nicholas E.","contributorId":65386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandrak","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dettmers, John M.","contributorId":27395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettmers","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kolar, Cynthia S. 0000-0001-6634-2343 ckolar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6634-2343","contributorId":3621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolar","given":"Cynthia","email":"ckolar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70045452,"text":"70045452 - 2012 - Concentrations and annual fluxes of sediment-associated chemical constituents from conterminous US coastal rivers using bed sediment data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-09T15:44:32","indexId":"70045452","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentrations and annual fluxes of sediment-associated chemical constituents from conterminous US coastal rivers using bed sediment data","docAbstract":"Coastal rivers represent a significant pathway for the delivery of natural and anthropogenic sediment-associated chemical constituents to the Atlantic, Pacific and Gulf of Mexico coasts of the conterminous USA. This study entails an accounting segment using published average annual suspended sediment fluxes with published sediment-associated chemical constituent concentrations for (1) baseline, (2) land-use distributions, (3) population density, and (4) worldwide means to estimate concentrations/annual fluxes for trace/major elements and total phosphorus, total organic and inorganic carbon, total nitrogen, and sulphur, for 131 coastal river basins. In addition, it entails a sampling and subsequent chemical analysis segment that provides a level of ‘ground truth’ for the calculated values, as well as generating baselines for sediment-associated concentrations/fluxes against which future changes can be evaluated. Currently, between 260 and 270 Mt of suspended sediment are discharged annually from the conterminous USA; about 69% is discharged from Gulf rivers (n = 36), about 24% from Pacific rivers (n = 42), and about 7% from Atlantic rivers (n = 54). Elevated sediment-associated chemical concentrations relative to baseline levels occur in the reverse order of sediment discharges:Atlantic rivers (49%)>Pacific rivers (40%)>Gulf rivers (23%). Elevated trace element concentrations (e.g. Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) frequently occur in association with present/former industrial areas and/or urban centres, particularly along the northeast Atlantic coast. Elevated carbon and nutrient concentrations occur along both the Atlantic and Gulf coasts but are dominated by rivers in the urban northeast and by southeastern and Gulf coast (Florida) ‘blackwater’ streams. Elevated Ca, Mg, K, and Na distributions tend to reflect local petrology, whereas elevated Ti, S, Fe, and Al concentrations are ubiquitous, possibly because they have substantial natural as well as anthropogenic sources. Almost all the elevated sediment-associated chemical concentrations found in conterminous US coastal rivers are lower than worldwide averages.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.8437","usgsCitation":"Horowitz, A.J., Stephens, V.C., Elrick, K.A., and Smith, J.J., 2012, Concentrations and annual fluxes of sediment-associated chemical constituents from conterminous US coastal rivers using bed sediment data: Hydrological Processes, v. 26, p. 1090-1114, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8437.","startPage":"1090","endPage":"1114","numberOfPages":"25","ipdsId":"IP-033553","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272162,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272161,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8437"}],"country":"United States","volume":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518cc560e4b05ebc8f7cc100","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horowitz, Arthur J. 0000-0002-3296-730X horowitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-730X","contributorId":1400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horowitz","given":"Arthur","email":"horowitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephens, Verlin C.","contributorId":34479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"Verlin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elrick, Kent A.","contributorId":78415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elrick","given":"Kent","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, James J.","contributorId":74086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70038993,"text":"70038993 - 2012 - Estimating the Cumulative Ecological Effect of Local Scale Landscape Changes in South Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-12T01:01:45","indexId":"70038993","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the Cumulative Ecological Effect of Local Scale Landscape Changes in South Florida","docAbstract":"Ecosystem restoration in south Florida is a state and national priority centered on the Everglades wetlands. However, urban development pressures affect the restoration potential and remaining habitat functions of the natural undeveloped areas. Land use (LU) planning often focuses at the local level, but a better understanding of the cumulative effects of small projects at the landscape level is needed to support ecosystem restoration and preservation. The South Florida Ecosystem Portfolio Model (SFL EPM) is a regional LU planning tool developed to help stakeholders visualize LU scenario evaluation and improve communication about regional effects of LU decisions. One component of the SFL EPM is ecological value (EV), which is evaluated through modeled ecological criteria related to ecosystem services using metrics for (1) biodiversity potential, (2) threatened and endangered species, (3) rare and unique habitats, (4) landscape pattern and fragmentation, (5) water quality buffer potential, and (6) ecological restoration potential. In this article, we demonstrate the calculation of EV using two case studies: (1) assessing altered EV in the Biscayne Gateway area by comparing 2004 LU to potential LU in 2025 and 2050, and (2) the cumulative impact of adding limestone mines south of Miami. Our analyses spatially convey changing regional EV resulting from conversion of local natural and agricultural areas to urban, industrial, or extractive use. Different simulated local LU scenarios may result in different alterations in calculated regional EV. These case studies demonstrate methods that may facilitate evaluation of potential future LU patterns and incorporate EV into decision making.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00267-011-9771-8","usgsCitation":"Hogan, D.M., Labiosa, W., Pearlstine, L., Hallac, D., Strong, D., Hearn, P., and Bernknopf, R., 2012, Estimating the Cumulative Ecological Effect of Local Scale Landscape Changes in South Florida: Environmental Management, v. 49, no. 2, p. 502-515, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9771-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"502","endPage":"515","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258391,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9771-8","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","volume":"49","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b52e4b0c8380cd52696","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hogan, Dianna M. 0000-0003-1492-4514 dhogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-4514","contributorId":2299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Dianna","email":"dhogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Labiosa, William","contributorId":26421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labiosa","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearlstine, Leonard","contributorId":79174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearlstine","given":"Leonard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hallac, David","contributorId":45164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallac","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Strong, David","contributorId":101767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strong","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hearn, Paul","contributorId":28702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bernknopf, Richard","contributorId":51701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernknopf","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70190225,"text":"70190225 - 2012 - An algal model for predicting attainment of tiered biological criteria of Maine's streams and rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-20T09:49:53","indexId":"70190225","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An algal model for predicting attainment of tiered biological criteria of Maine's streams and rivers","docAbstract":"<p><span>State water-quality professionals developing new biological assessment methods often have difficulty relating assessment results to narrative criteria in water-quality standards. An alternative to selecting index thresholds arbitrarily is to include the Biological Condition Gradient (BCG) in the development of the assessment method. The BCG describes tiers of biological community condition to help identify and communicate the position of a water body along a gradient of water quality ranging from natural to degraded. Although originally developed for fish and macroinvertebrate communities of streams and rivers, the BCG is easily adapted to other habitats and taxonomic groups. We developed a discriminant analysis model with stream algal data to predict attainment of tiered aquatic-life uses in Maine's water-quality standards. We modified the BCG framework for Maine stream algae, related the BCG tiers to Maine's tiered aquatic-life uses, and identified appropriate algal metrics for describing BCG tiers. Using a modified Delphi method, 5 aquatic biologists independently evaluated algal community metrics for 230 samples from streams and rivers across the state and assigned a BCG tier (1–6) and Maine water quality class (AA/A, B, C, nonattainment of any class) to each sample. We used minimally disturbed reference sites to approximate natural conditions (Tier 1). Biologist class assignments were unanimous for 53% of samples, and 42% of samples differed by 1 class. The biologists debated and developed consensus class assignments. A linear discriminant model built to replicate a priori class assignments correctly classified 95% of 150 samples in the model training set and 91% of 80 samples in the model validation set. Locally derived metrics based on BCG taxon tolerance groupings (e.g., sensitive, intermediate, tolerant) were more effective than were metrics developed in other regions. Adding the algal discriminant model to Maine's existing macroinvertebrate discriminant model will broaden detection of biological impairment and further diagnose sources of impairment. The algal discriminant model is specific to Maine, but our approach of explicitly tying an assessment tool to tiered aquatic-life goals is widely transferrable to other regions, taxonomic groups, and waterbody types.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Freshwater Science","doi":"10.1899/11-061.1","usgsCitation":"Danielson, T.J., Loftin, C., Tsomides, L., DiFranco, J.L., Connors, B., Courtemanch, D.L., Drummond, F., and Davies, S., 2012, An algal model for predicting attainment of tiered biological criteria of Maine's streams and rivers: Freshwater Science, v. 31, no. 2, p. 318-340, https://doi.org/10.1899/11-061.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"340","ipdsId":"IP-029126","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344973,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599a9fb7e4b0b589267d58bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Danielson, Thomas J.","contributorId":195761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Danielson","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftin, Cyndy 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":146427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cyndy","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tsomides, Leonidas","contributorId":195762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsomides","given":"Leonidas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DiFranco, Jeanne L.","contributorId":195763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DiFranco","given":"Jeanne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Connors, Beth","contributorId":195764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connors","given":"Beth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Courtemanch, David L.","contributorId":70639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtemanch","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Drummond, Francis","contributorId":195765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drummond","given":"Francis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Davies, Susan","contributorId":63249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70044209,"text":"70044209 - 2012 - Short- and long-term control of Vespula pensylvanica in Hawaii by fipronil baiting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-15T13:33:08","indexId":"70044209","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3035,"text":"Pest Management Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Short- and long-term control of Vespula pensylvanica in Hawaii by fipronil baiting","docAbstract":"BACKGROUND: The invasive western yellowjacket wasp, Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure), has significantly impacted the ecological integrity and human welfare of Hawaii. The goals of the present study were (1) to evaluate the immediate and long-term efficacy of a 0.1% fipronil chicken bait on V. pensylvanica populations in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, (2) to quantify gains in efficacy using the attractant heptyl butyrate in the bait stations and (3) to measure the benefits of this approach for minimizing non-target impacts to other arthropods.\n\nRESULTS: The 0.1% fipronil chicken bait reduced the abundance of V. pensylvanica by 95 ± 1.2% during the 3 months following treatment and maintained a population reduction of 60.9 ± 3.1% a year after treatment in the fipronil-treated sites when compared with chicken-only sites. The addition of heptyl butyrate to the bait stations significantly increased V. pensylvanica forager visitation and bait take and significantly reduced the non-target impacts of fipronil baiting.\n\nCONCLUSION: In this study, 0.1% fipronil chicken bait with the addition of heptyl butyrate was found to be an extremely effective large-scale management strategy and provided the first evidence of a wasp suppression program impacting Vepsula populations a year after treatment. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pest Management Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ps.3262","usgsCitation":"Hanna, C., Foote, D., and Kremen, C., 2012, Short- and long-term control of Vespula pensylvanica in Hawaii by fipronil baiting: Pest Management Science, v. 68, no. 7, p. 1026-1033, https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3262.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1026","endPage":"1033","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-036654","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271678,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271672,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ps.3262"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.8,19.1 ], [ -155.8,19.5 ], [ -155.01,19.5 ], [ -155.01,19.1 ], [ -155.8,19.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"68","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180e7ede4b0df838b924daf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanna, Cause","contributorId":69035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanna","given":"Cause","affiliations":[{"id":13013,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":475107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foote, David dfoote@usgs.gov","contributorId":375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foote","given":"David","email":"dfoote@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kremen, Claire","contributorId":15912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kremen","given":"Claire","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70038935,"text":"ofr20121123 - 2012 - Potential For Denitrification near Reclaimed Water Application Sites in Orange County, Florida, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-14T01:01:39","indexId":"ofr20121123","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1123","title":"Potential For Denitrification near Reclaimed Water Application Sites in Orange County, Florida, 2009","docAbstract":"The potential for denitrification was tested in water samples from four Upper Floridan aquifer wells near a reclaimed water application site, in west Orange County Florida, and two adjacent springs. Results of the study indicate that denitrifying bacteria are present in the groundwater and spring water samples, and that these bacteria can readily denitrify the waters when suitable geochemical conditions exist. The acetylene block technique was used to assess nitrous oxide in the samples that was produced by denitrification. The laboratory incubation experiment consisted of four different treatments to each of the six samples: (1) ambient water (no added nitrate or glucose), (2) ambient water amended with 1.4 milligrams per liter (mg/L) nitrate as nitrogen (N), (3) ambient water amended with 5.0 mg/L nitrate as N, and (4) ambient water amended with 5.0 mg/L nitrate as N and 10 mg/L glucose as C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>. A companion set of incubations using treatment 2 tracked changes in nitrate and nitrite concentration with time. The rate of denitrification in treatment 2 ranged from 0.059 to 0.124 milligram per liter per day nitrogen [(mg/L)/d N] and in treatment 3 ranged from 0.071 to 0.226 (mg/L)/d N. At all of the sampling sites, treatment 4 yielded denitrification rates at least an order of magnitude greater than those measured for the other treatments; rates ranged from 2.3 to 4.4 (mg/L)/d N. The electron donor supply, dissolved organic carbon, in the groundwater and springwater is sufficient to remove at least 1.1-1.4 mg/L nitrate as N in 20 to 30 days, as indicated by nitrous oxide production rates under ambient conditions (treatment 1). The even higher nitrate removal observed with addition of supplemental carbon in treatment 4 suggests that carbon is a limiting nutrient in this reaction. Denitrifying activity might explain the low ambient nitrate concentrations in the Upper Floridan aquifer in this area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121123","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Orange County Utilities Department","usgsCitation":"Byrne, M.J., Smith, R.L., and Repert, D.A., 2012, Potential For Denitrification near Reclaimed Water Application Sites in Orange County, Florida, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1123, vi, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121123.","productDescription":"vi, 54 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":285,"text":"Florida Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1123.gif"},{"id":258401,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1123/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258402,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1123/pdf/OFR_2012_1123.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, zone 17","country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Orange","otherGeospatial":"Lake Carter;Lake Marden;Lake Mitchell","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.58333333333333,28.6 ], [ -81.58333333333333,28.8 ], [ -81.36666666666666,28.8 ], [ -81.36666666666666,28.6 ], [ -81.58333333333333,28.6 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ebae4b0c8380cd7a6ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byrne, Michael J. Sr. 0000-0001-9190-2728 mbyrne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9190-2728","contributorId":49643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrne","given":"Michael","suffix":"Sr.","email":"mbyrne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Repert, Deborah A. 0000-0001-7284-1456 darepert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-1456","contributorId":2578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repert","given":"Deborah","email":"darepert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039002,"text":"70039002 - 2012 - Index for characterizing post-fire soil environments in temperate coniferous forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-12T01:01:45","indexId":"70039002","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1689,"text":"Forests","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Index for characterizing post-fire soil environments in temperate coniferous forests","docAbstract":"Many scientists and managers have an interest in describing the environment following a fire to understand the effects on soil productivity, vegetation growth, and wildlife habitat, but little research has focused on the scientific rationale for classifying the post-fire environment. We developed an empirically-grounded soil post-fire index (PFI) based on available science and ecological thresholds. Using over 50 literature sources, we identified a minimum of five broad categories of post-fire outcomes: (a) unburned, (b) abundant surface organic matter ( > 85% surface organic matter), (c) moderate amount of surface organic matter ( &ge; 40 through 85%), (d) small amounts of surface organic matter ( < 40%), and (e) absence of surface organic matter (no organic matter left). We then subdivided each broad category on the basis of post-fire mineral soil colors providing a more fine-tuned post-fire soil index. We related each PFI category to characteristics such as soil temperature and duration of heating during fire, and physical, chemical, and biological responses. Classifying or describing post-fire soil conditions consistently will improve interpretations of fire effects research and facilitate communication of potential responses or outcomes (e.g., erosion potential) from fires of varying severities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forests","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"MDPI Publishing","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/f3030445","usgsCitation":"Jain, T.B., Pilliod, D., Graham, R.T., Lentile, L.B., and Sandquist, J.E., 2012, Index for characterizing post-fire soil environments in temperate coniferous forests: Forests, v. 3, no. 3, p. 445-466, https://doi.org/10.3390/f3030445.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"466","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474421,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f3030445","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258392,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f3030445","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3a12e4b0c8380cd61b3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jain, Theresa B.","contributorId":43215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jain","given":"Theresa","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pilliod, David S.","contributorId":101760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graham, Russell T.","contributorId":61287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lentile, Leigh B.","contributorId":40056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lentile","given":"Leigh","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sandquist, Jonathan E.","contributorId":66527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandquist","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70039003,"text":"70039003 - 2012 - Interactions of tissue and fertilizer nitrogen on decomposition dynamics of lignin-rich conifer litter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-12T01:01:45","indexId":"70039003","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions of tissue and fertilizer nitrogen on decomposition dynamics of lignin-rich conifer litter","docAbstract":"High tissue nitrogen (N) accelerates decomposition of high-quality leaf litter in the early phases of mass loss, but the influence of initial tissue N variation on the decomposition of lignin-rich litter is less resolved. Because environmental changes such as atmospheric N deposition and elevated CO<sub>2</sub> can alter tissue N levels within species more rapidly than they alter the species composition of ecosystems, it is important to consider how within-species variation in tissue N may shape litter decomposition and associated N dynamics. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii ) is a widespread lignin-rich conifer that dominates forests of high carbon (C) storage across western North America, and displays wide variation in tissue and litter N that reflects landscape variation in soil N. We collected eight unique Douglas-fir litter sources that spanned a two-fold range in initial N concentrations (0.67&ndash;1.31%) with a narrow range of lignin (29&ndash;35%), and examined relationships between initial litter chemistry, decomposition, and N dynamics in both ambient and N fertilized plots at four sites over 3 yr. High initial litter N slowed decomposition rates in both early (0.67 yr) and late (3 yr) stages in unfertilized plots. Applications of N fertilizer to litters accelerated early-stage decomposition, but slowed late-stage decomposition, and most strongly affected low-N litters, which equalized decomposition rates across litters regardless of initial N concentrations. Decomposition of N-fertilized litters correlated positively with initial litter manganese (Mn) concentrations, with litter Mn variation reflecting faster turnover of canopy foliage in high N sites, producing younger litterfall with high N and low Mn. Although both internal and external N inhibited decomposition at 3 yr, most litters exhibited net N immobilization, with strongest immobilization in low-N litter and in N-fertilized plots. Our observation for lignin-rich litter that high initial N can slow decomposition yet accelerate N release differs from findings where litter quality variation across species promotes coupled C and N release during decomposition. We suggest reevaluation of ecosystem models and projected global change effects to account for a potential decoupling of ecosystem C and N feedbacks through litter decomposition in lignin-rich conifer forests.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ESA","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/ES11-00340.1","usgsCitation":"Perakis, S., Matkins, J.J., and Hibbs, D.E., 2012, Interactions of tissue and fertilizer nitrogen on decomposition dynamics of lignin-rich conifer litter: Ecosphere, v. 3, no. 6, 12 p.; Article 54, https://doi.org/10.1890/ES11-00340.1.","productDescription":"12 p.; Article 54","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474419,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es11-00340.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258400,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES11-00340.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258405,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cd2e4b0c8380cd6308e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":16797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matkins, Joselin J.","contributorId":66526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matkins","given":"Joselin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hibbs, David E.","contributorId":76587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hibbs","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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