{"pageNumber":"1632","pageRowStart":"40775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":41062,"records":[{"id":2564,"text":"wsp1472 - 1959 - Hydrologic budget of the Beaverdam Creek basin, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:29","indexId":"wsp1472","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1472","title":"Hydrologic budget of the Beaverdam Creek basin, Maryland","docAbstract":"A hydrologic budget is a statement accounting for the water gains and losses for selected periods in an area. Weekly measurements of precipitation streamflow, surface-water storage, ground-water stage, and soil resistivity were made during a 2year period, April 1, 1950, to March 28, 1952, in the Beaverdam Creek basin, Wicomico County, Md. The hydrologic measurements are summarized in two budgets, a total budget and a ground-water budget, and in supporting tables and graphs. \r\n\r\nThe results of the investigation have some potentially significant applications because they describe a method for determining the annual replenishment of the water supply of a basin and the ways of water disposal under natural conditions. The information helps to determine the 'safe' yield of water in diversion from natural to artificial discharge. The drainage basin of Beaverdam Creek was selected because it appeared to have fewer hydrologic variables than are generally found. However, the methods may prove applicable in many places under a variety of conditions. \r\n\r\nThe measurements are expressed in inches of water over the area of the basin. The equation of the hydrologic cycle is the budget balance: P= R+E+ASW+ delta SW + delta SM + delta GW where P is precipitation; R is runoff; ET is evapotranspiration; delta SW is change in surface-water storage; delta SM is change in soil moisture; and delta GW is change in ground-water storage. In this report 'change' is the final quantity minus the initial quantity and thus is synonymous with 'increase.' Further, ,delta GW= delta H .x Yg, \r\n\r\nin which delta H is the change in ground-water stage and Yg is the gravity yield, or the specific yield of the sediments as measured during the short periods of declining ground-water levels characteristic of the area. The complex sum of the revised equation P ? R - delta SW ? ET - delta SM, which is equal to delta H. x Yg, has been named the \r\n\r\n'infiltration residual'; it is equivalent to ground-water recharge. Two unmeasured, but not entirely unknown, quantities, evapotranspiration, (ET) and gravity yield, (Yg), are included in the equation. They are derived statistically by a method of convergent approximations, one of the contributions of this investigation. \r\n\r\nOn the basis of laboratory analysis, well-field tests, and general information on rates of drainage from saturated sediments, a gravity yield of 14 percent was assumed as a first approximation. The equation was then solved, by weeks, for evapotranspiration, ET. The evapotranspiration losses were plotted against the calendar week. Using the time of year as a control, a smooth curve was fitted to the evapotranspiration data, and modified values of ET were read from the curve. These were used to compute weekly values of the infiltration residual which were plotted against ground-water stage. The slope of the line of best fit gave a closer approximation of gravity yield, Yg. The process was repeated. The approximations converged, so that a fourth and final approximation resulted in a close grouping of all the points along a line whose slope indicated a Yg of 11.0 percent, and a slightly asymmetric bell-shaped curve of total evapotranspiration by weeks was obtained that is considered representative of this area. Check calculations of gravity yield were made during periods of low evapotranspiration and high infiltration, which substantiate the computed average of 11.0 percent. \r\n\r\nRefinements in the method of deriving the ground-water budget were introduced to supplement the techniques developed by Meinzer and Stearns in the study of the Pomperaug River basin in Connecticut in 1913 and 1916. The hydrologic equation for the ground-water cycle may be written Gr=D + delta H. x Yg + ETg, in which Gr is ground-water recharge (infiltration); D is ground-water drainage; delta H is the change in mean ground-water stage (final stage minus initial stage); Yg is gravity yield (taken as 11.0 percent in computations here); an","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1472","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, W.C., and Andreasen, G., 1959, Hydrologic budget of the Beaverdam Creek basin, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1472, v, 106 p., [2] leaves of plates :ill., maps ;25 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1472.","productDescription":"v, 106 p., [2] leaves of plates :ill., maps ;25 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":247225,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-05.pdf","size":"561","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247226,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-06.pdf","size":"502","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247227,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-07.pdf","size":"1090","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247228,"rank":414,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-10.pdf","size":"424","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247222,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-01.pdf","size":"1134","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247223,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-03.pdf","size":"576","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247224,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-04.pdf","size":"749","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28830,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611692","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, W. C.","contributorId":62201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andreasen, Gordon E.","contributorId":94272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreasen","given":"Gordon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1035,"text":"wsp1483 - 1959 - Geology and ground-water resources of the upper Lodgepole Creek drainage basin, Wyoming, with a section on chemical quality of the water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T16:00:17","indexId":"wsp1483","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1483","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of the upper Lodgepole Creek drainage basin, Wyoming, with a section on chemical quality of the water","docAbstract":"The principal sources of ground-water supply in the upper Lodgepole Creek drainage basin-the part of the basin west of the Wyoming-Nebraska State line-are the Brule formation of Oligocene age, the Arikaree formation of Miocene age, the Ogallala formation of Pliocene age, and the unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age. \r\n\r\nThe Brule formation is a moderately hard siltstone that generally is not a good aquifer. However, where it is fractured or where the upper part consists of pebbles of reworked siltstone, it will yield large quantities of water to wells. Many wells in the Pine Bluffs lowland, at the east end of the area, derive water from the Brule. The Arikaree formation, which consists of loosely to moderately cemented fine sand, will yield small quantities of water to wells but is not thick enough or permeable enough to supply sufficient water for irrigation. Only a few wells derive water from it. The Ogallala formation consists of lenticular beds of clay, silt, sand, and gravel which, in part, are cemented with calcium carbonate. Only the lower part of the formation is saturated. Nearly all the wells in the upland part of the area tap the Ogallala, but they supply water in amounts sufficient for domestic and stock use only. Two of the wells have a moderately large discharge, and other wells of comparable discharge probably could be drilled in those parts of the upland where the saturated part of the Ogallala is fairly thick. Most of the unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age are very permeable and, where a sufficient thickness is saturated, will yield large quantities of water to wells. These deposits are a significant source of water supply in the southeastern part of the area. \r\n\r\nThe Chadron formation of Oligocene age, which underlies the Brule formation, is a medium- to coarse-grained sandstone where it crops out in the Islay lowland. No wells tap the Chadron, but it probably would yield small quantities of water to wells. It lies at a relatively shallow depth beneath most of the Islay lowland, near the west end of the area, and at a depth of about 800 feet beneath the Pine Bluffs lowland. In the latter area it probably is finer grained and may not be permeable enough to yield water to wells. All the ground water in the area is derived from precipitation. It is estimated that about 5 percent of the precipitation infiltrates directly to the zone of saturation. The remainder either is evaporated immediately; is retained by the soil, later to be evaporated or transpired; or is discharged by overland flow to the surface drainage courses. Most of the water that reaches the surface drainage courses eventually sinks to the zone of saturation or is evaporated. The slope of the water table and the movement of ground water are generally eastward. The depth to water ranges from less than 10 feet in parts of the valley to about 300 feet in the upland areas. In much of the Pine Bluffs lowland, the depth to water is less than 50 feet. Ground water not pumped from wells within the area is discharged by evapotranspiration where the water table is close to the land surface, by outflow into streams, or by underflow eastward beneath the State line. \r\n\r\nThe chemical quality of ground water from the principal sources is remarkably uniform, and the range in concentration of dissolved constituents is narrow. In general, the water is of the calcium bicarbonate type, is hard (hardness as CaC03 is as high as 246 ppm), and contains less than about 400 parts per million of dissolved solids, which is a moderate mineralization. Silica constitutes a large proportion of the dissolved solids. \r\n\r\nThe water is suitable for irrigation and, except for iron in water from some wells that tap the Ogallala formation, meets the drinking water standards of the U.S. Public Health Service for chemical constituents. Because the water is siliceous, alkaline, and hard, it is unsuitable for many industrial uses unless treated.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1483","usgsCitation":"Bjorklund, L.J., Krieger, R.A., and Jochens, E.R., 1959, Geology and ground-water resources of the upper Lodgepole Creek drainage basin, Wyoming, with a section on chemical quality of the water: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1483, iv, 40 p. :maps (2 fold. in pocket) diagr., tables. ;25 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1483.","productDescription":"iv, 40 p. :maps (2 fold. in pocket) diagr., tables. ;25 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":137967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1483/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25672,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1483/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25673,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1483/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25674,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1483/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db6852ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bjorklund, Louis Jay","contributorId":21138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjorklund","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"Jay","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krieger, R. A.","contributorId":11202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krieger","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jochens, E. R.","contributorId":101250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jochens","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1908,"text":"wsp1422 - 1959 - Geology and ground-water resources of Medina County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T10:48:15","indexId":"wsp1422","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1422","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of Medina County, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The Edwards limestone of Cretaceous age is the principal water-bearing formation in Medina County and makes up the major part of a ground-water reservoir, or aquifier, which in places includes thinner limestone formations both above and below the Edwards. The Glen Rose limestone, also of Cretaceous age, yields moderate amounts of water to wells and springs in the northern part of the county. Other Cretaceous formations, including the Austin chalk, Anacacho limestone, and Escondido formation, yield only small amounts of water, and that of the Austin and Escondido is of generally inferior quality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1422","usgsCitation":"Holt, C., 1959, Geology and ground-water resources of Medina County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1422, Report: vi, 213 p.; 6 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1422.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 213 p.; 6 Plates","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":27205,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1422/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27206,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1422/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27207,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1422/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27208,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1422/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27209,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1422/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27210,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1422/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27211,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1422/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1422/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":109945,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24377.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24377"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685a28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holt, Charles Lee Roy","contributorId":19139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holt","given":"Charles Lee Roy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2391,"text":"wsp1460G - 1959 - Ground-water resources of the lower Niobrara River and Ponca Creek basins, Nebraska and South Dakota","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10806,"text":"ofr5794 - 1957 - Preliminary estimate of the underflow across the South Dakota-Nebraska State line in the Niobrara River and Ponca Creek drainage basins","indexId":"ofr5794","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary estimate of the underflow across the South Dakota-Nebraska State line in the Niobrara River and Ponca Creek drainage basins"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2391,"text":"wsp1460G - 1959 - Ground-water resources of the lower Niobrara River and Ponca Creek basins, Nebraska and South Dakota","indexId":"wsp1460G","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Ground-water resources of the lower Niobrara River and Ponca Creek basins, Nebraska and South Dakota"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-30T22:10:07.828778","indexId":"wsp1460G","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1460","chapter":"G","title":"Ground-water resources of the lower Niobrara River and Ponca Creek basins, Nebraska and South Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>This report describes the area in north-central Nebraska and south-central South Dakota drained by Ponca Creek and by the Niobrara River below Valentine, Nebr. The Niobrara River and Ponca Creek are neighboring eastward flowing tributaries of the Missouri River. The Dakota sandstone of Cretaceous age is the oldest formation tapped by wells; the water it yields to wells in small to moderate quantities is rather highly mineralized and very hard; it is unsuitable for irrigation and most domestic uses. Overlying the Dakota, in ascending order, are the following formations of Cretaceous age: the Graneros shale, Greenhorn limestone, Carlile shale, Niobrara formation, and Pierre shale. None of these is a source of water supply. The Niobrara is the oldest formation exposed, cropping out in only the deeper valleys at the eastern end of the area. The Pierre shale, which is exposed much more extensively, crops out in the deeper valleys throughout nearly all the area.</p>\n<p>Except where the Niobrara River, its major tributaries, and Ponca Creek have cut their valleys into them, the Cretaceous rocks are overlain by semiconsolidated rocks of Tertiary age. Two Tertiary formations, the Brule and the Ogallala, are present in the area. The Brule formation underlies all the western part of the area and is exposed in the valleys of both the Niobrara and Keya Paha Rivers. The Ogallala formation, which overlaps the Brule, forms the upland on both sides of the river and is exposed in many places. The Brule is not a source of water supply, whereas the Ogallala yields small to moderately large quantities of water to many wells on the upland. The water in the Ogallala is of the calcium bicarbonate type and is moderately mineralized and hard.</p>\n<p>Unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age mantle the Tertiary rocks throughout nearly all the upland area south of the Niobrara River and in parts of the upland area north of the river. They also floor the Niobrara River valley. Where saturated, these sediments, which consist of stream-deposited sand and gravel and wind-deposited sand, yield small to large amounts of water to wells. The water in the Quaternary deposits is of the calcium bicarbonate type but is less mineralized and softer than that in the Ogallala.</p>\n<p>The only significant source of recharge to the Dakota sandstone in the report area is underflow from the west. Except for waiter yielded to wells tapping the&nbsp;Dakota, water in the formation is discharged from the area by underflow to the east. In the upland part of the area, the Ogallala formation and the overlying deposits of Quaternary age constitute a single aquifer, water moving from one Into the other without apparent hindrance. This aquifer is recharged principally by the direct infiltration of precipitation but in part also by underflow from the west and south and by seepage from intermittent streams and ponds. Water is discharged from the upland aquifer by outflow through springs or seepage into streams, through the process of evapotranspiration, and by wells when they are pumped. Ground water leaves the report area by underflow where the Quaternary deposits in the valleys of the Niobrara River and Ponca Creek merge with the Quaternary deposits in the Missouri River valley.</p>\n<p>In places where the Niobrara formation, the Pierre shale, or the Brule formation is at the surface or is mantled by thin deposits of the Ogallala or thin deposits of Quaternary age, only meager amounts of ground water can be obtained unless wells are deep enough to tap the Dakota sandstone. Elsewhere the Ogallala formation and the deposits of Quaternary age generally yield ample water for domestic and stock supplies, and in some places, notably in the vicinity of Ainsworth, they yield enough water for irrigation. Additional large supplies of ground water could be obtained on the upland in the southwestern and west-central parts of the area.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;The report contains an annotated bibliography of previous publications on the geology and ground-water resources of the area, brief descriptions of the Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Quaternary rocks, a map showing the contour of the water table, logs of test holes and wells not published elsewhere, results of analyses of ground- and surface-water samples, and records of all wells of large discharge and representative wells of small discharge.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3133/wsp1460G","usgsCitation":"Newport, T., and Krieger, R.A., 1959, Ground-water resources of the lower Niobrara River and Ponca Creek basins, Nebraska and South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1460, iv, 323 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1460G.","productDescription":"iv, 323 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109946,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24392.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24392"},{"id":28368,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1460g/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139185,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1460g/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska, North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Niobrara River, Ponca Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -101.063232421875,\n              42.22851735620852\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.063232421875,\n              43.29320031385282\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.074951171875,\n              43.29320031385282\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.074951171875,\n              42.22851735620852\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.063232421875,\n              42.22851735620852\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a5ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newport, Thomas G.","contributorId":93462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newport","given":"Thomas G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krieger, Robert A.","contributorId":99954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krieger","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010947,"text":"70010947 - 1959 - Modern instruments for surveying and mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-27T15:32:47.503419","indexId":"70010947","displayToPublicDate":"1959-10-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modern instruments for surveying and mapping","docAbstract":"New surveying systems utilizing photogrammetry and electronics speed production of topographic maps.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.130.3382.1059","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Whitmore, G., Thompson, M., and Speert, J.L., 1959, Modern instruments for surveying and mapping: Science, v. 130, no. 3382, p. 1059-1066, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.130.3382.1059.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1059","endPage":"1066","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220874,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","issue":"3382","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c96e4b0c8380cd6fddc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitmore, G.D.","contributorId":41588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitmore","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, M.M.","contributorId":78876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Speert, J. L.","contributorId":43100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speert","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70211619,"text":"70211619 - 1959 - Yellowstone Park area, Wyoming: A possible modern Lopolith","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-05T14:06:41.987219","indexId":"70211619","displayToPublicDate":"1959-08-04T15:13:09","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Yellowstone Park area, Wyoming: A possible modern Lopolith","docAbstract":"<p><span>No abstract available.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1959)70[225:YPAWAP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, W., 1959, Yellowstone Park area, Wyoming: A possible modern Lopolith: GSA Bulletin, v. 70, no. 2, p. 225-228, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1959)70[225:YPAWAP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"228","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":377024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.258544921875,\n              43.59630591596548\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.97338867187499,\n              43.59630591596548\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.97338867187499,\n              45.22074260255366\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.258544921875,\n              45.22074260255366\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.258544921875,\n              43.59630591596548\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"70","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, W.","contributorId":46683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70211614,"text":"70211614 - 1959 - History of Imuruk Lake, Seward Peninsula, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-05T14:17:27.877505","indexId":"70211614","displayToPublicDate":"1959-08-04T14:00:21","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"History of Imuruk Lake, Seward Peninsula, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>A study of Imuruk Lake, a large, shallow lake&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;north-central Seward Peninsula, Alaska, illuminates the climatic history of northwestern Alaska and the tectonic history of central Seward Peninsula during Pleistocene and Recent time. Special interest attaches to the older lake sediments, because they contain evidence concerning the climate, fauna, and flora that existed&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;the vicinity of Bering Strait at a time when the Bering land bridge was open and when animal and plant populations were being exchanged between the eastern and western hemispheres. </span></p><p><span>The lake is 8 miles long and less than 10 feet deep; bottom sediments consisting of reworked wind-blown silt bury a rolling bedrock topography of much greater relief. Analysis of the hydrologic regime indicates that much of the water draining into the lake is lost by evaporation; smaller quantities are lost by discharge through the outlet, the Kugruk River, and by leakage into the lava flows along the lake shore. Changes&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;the duration and temperature of the summer ice-free season would result&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;changes&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;the amount of water lost by evaporation and thus&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;appreciable changes&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;lake level. </span></p><p><span>Imuruk Lake occupies an initial low area on basaltic lava flows of Quaternary age, but the initial low area has been modified by faulting and now lies&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;a poorly defined graben. Topographic evidence confirmed by study of lacustrine terraces indicates that until recently Imuruk Lake drained westward into the Noxapaga River instead of eastward into the Kugruk River. A history of repeated warping of the lake basin, on which is superimposed a history of oscillating lake level which is due to changes&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;climate, is recorded by three systems of abandoned shore-line features found along the shores: a warped shore cliff of probable Illinoian age, a double set of warped terraces of probable Wisconsin age, and a low, horizontal terrace of Recent age. Bones of bison, horse, and mammoth were found&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;peaty sediments containing many twigs but no large wood; their presence indicates that these mammals, at least, were capable of surviving&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;a tundra environment during cold stages of the Pleistocene epoch and at a time when the Bering land bridge was&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;existence nearby. </span></p><p><span>The sediments filling the deeper parts of the bedrock basin of Imuruk Lake probably contain an uninterrupted pollen record that reflects vegetation changes&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;central Seward Peninsula beginning&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span>&nbsp;middle Illinoian time and terminating a few thousand years ago. Core drilling and pollen analysis of these sediments would greatly amplify our understanding of late Pleistocene events&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">in</span><span> the vicinity of the Bering land bridge.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1959)70[1033:HOILSP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, D., 1959, History of Imuruk Lake, Seward Peninsula, Alaska: GSA Bulletin, v. 70, no. 8, p. 1033-1046, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1959)70[1033:HOILSP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1033","endPage":"1046","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":377018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Imuruk Lake, Seward Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -168.57421875,\n              64.09140752262307\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.048828125,\n              64.09140752262307\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.048828125,\n              66.75724984139227\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.57421875,\n              66.75724984139227\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.57421875,\n              64.09140752262307\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"70","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, David M.","contributorId":37409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"David M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70211607,"text":"70211607 - 1959 - Ground-water provinces of India","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-05T14:27:10.150024","indexId":"70211607","displayToPublicDate":"1959-08-04T11:27:24","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-water provinces of India","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper gives a general resume of ground-water utilization and development and describes the occurrence of water in eight ground-water provinces of India. The paper is based in part on observations of the writer during 1951-55 and in part on earlier work of the Geological Survey of India. Ground water has been utilized extensively in India since before the beginning of the Christian era. Currently (1956) ground water is an important source of supply for domestic, stock, municipal, and industrial needs throughout the Republic and is widely used for irrigation in the Peninsular and Ganges-Brahmaputra regions west of longitude 85°. Dug, bored, and drilled wells are the principal means by which ground water is developed, although locally infiltration tunnels or improved springs are used. Methods of lifting or pumping water from wells include the hand line and bucket, the hand-lift pump, the counterpoised sweep, bullocks, and \"mote,\" the water wheel, horizontal and vertical centrifugal pumps, and deep-well turbine pumps. The most common device for lifting water for irrigation is still the time-honored bullock and \"mote\" (leather bag). However, in modern India there is increasing use of mechanical pumps. With respect to the occurrence of ground water, India can be divided into eight provinces, lying in three major regions, (1) the Peninsular region, (2) the Ganges-Brahmaputra region, and (3) the Himalayan region. The Peninsular region contains six ground-water provinces. Precambrian igneous, metamorphic, and indurated sedimentary rocks and early Tertiary volcanic rocks in three of these provinces yield many small supplies of water, which generally is of good quality but locally is brackish or salty. Cretaceous water-bearing sandstones in another province are moderately productive and in places are developed for large water supplies. Late Tertiary and Quaternary water-bearing sands and gravels in two other provinces sustain many small water supplies and several large water supplies-particularly in the coastal areas of southern India. The Ganges-Brahmaputra region is a single ground-water province in which many tens of thousands of small water supplies and several thousand large supplies are obtained from water-bearing sands and gravels in late Tertiary and Quaternary alluvium. This province constitutes a vast groundwater reservoir, which is the most productive in India. The Himalayan region also is considered as a single province, in which ground water occurs in a series of narrow valleys filled with moderately to highly permeable Quaternary alluvium. These alluvial valleys transmit large quantities of water to the ground-water reservoir in the Ganges-Brahmaputra region.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.54.4.683","usgsCitation":"Taylor, G., 1959, Ground-water provinces of India: Economic Geology, v. 54, no. 4, p. 683-697, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.54.4.683.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"683","endPage":"697","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":377011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[77.83745,35.49401],[78.91227,34.32194],[78.81109,33.5062],[79.20889,32.99439],[79.17613,32.48378],[78.45845,32.61816],[78.73889,31.51591],[79.72137,30.88271],[81.11126,30.18348],[80.47672,29.72987],[80.08842,28.79447],[81.0572,28.4161],[81.99999,27.92548],[83.30425,27.36451],[84.67502,27.2349],[85.25178,26.7262],[86.02439,26.63098],[87.22747,26.3979],[88.06024,26.41462],[88.1748,26.81041],[88.04313,27.44582],[88.12044,27.87654],[88.73033,28.08686],[88.81425,27.29932],[88.83564,27.09897],[89.74453,26.7194],[90.37327,26.87572],[91.21751,26.80865],[92.03348,26.83831],[92.10371,27.45261],[91.69666,27.77174],[92.50312,27.89688],[93.41335,28.64063],[94.56599,29.27744],[95.4048,29.03172],[96.11768,29.4528],[96.58659,28.83098],[96.24883,28.41103],[97.32711,28.26158],[97.40256,27.88254],[97.05199,27.69906],[97.134,27.08377],[96.41937,27.26459],[95.12477,26.57357],[95.15515,26.00131],[94.60325,25.1625],[94.55266,24.67524],[94.10674,23.85074],[93.32519,24.07856],[93.28633,23.04366],[93.06029,22.70311],[93.16613,22.27846],[92.67272,22.04124],[92.14603,23.6275],[91.86993,23.62435],[91.70648,22.98526],[91.15896,23.50353],[91.46773,24.07264],[91.91509,24.13041],[92.3762,24.97669],[91.7996,25.14743],[90.87221,25.1326],[89.92069,25.26975],[89.83248,25.96508],[89.35509,26.01441],[88.56305,26.44653],[88.20979,25.76807],[88.93155,25.23869],[88.30637,24.86608],[88.08442,24.50166],[88.69994,24.23371],[88.52977,23.63114],[88.87631,22.87915],[89.03196,22.05571],[88.88877,21.69059],[88.2085,21.70317],[86.9757,21.49556],[87.03317,20.74331],[86.49935,20.15164],[85.06027,19.47858],[83.94101,18.30201],[83.18922,17.67122],[82.19279,17.01664],[82.19124,16.55666],[81.69272,16.31022],[80.792,15.95197],[80.3249,15.89918],[80.02507,15.13641],[80.23327,13.83577],[80.28629,13.00626],[79.86255,12.05622],[79.858,10.35728],[79.34051,10.30885],[78.88535,9.54614],[79.18972,9.21654],[78.27794,8.93305],[77.94117,8.25296],[77.5399,7.96553],[76.59298,8.89928],[76.13006,10.29963],[75.74647,11.30825],[75.3961,11.78125],[74.86482,12.74194],[74.61672,13.99258],[74.44386,14.61722],[73.5342,15.99065],[73.11991,17.92857],[72.82091,19.20823],[72.82448,20.4195],[72.63053,21.35601],[71.17527,20.75744],[70.47046,20.87733],[69.16413,22.0893],[69.64493,22.45077],[69.3496,22.84318],[68.17665,23.69197],[68.8426,24.35913],[71.04324,24.35652],[70.8447,25.2151],[70.28287,25.72223],[70.16893,26.49187],[69.51439,26.94097],[70.6165,27.9892],[71.77767,27.91318],[72.82375,28.96159],[73.45064,29.97641],[74.42138,30.97981],[74.40593,31.69264],[75.25864,32.27111],[74.45156,32.7649],[74.10429,33.44147],[73.74995,34.3177],[74.2402,34.74889],[75.75706,34.50492],[76.87172,34.65354],[77.83745,35.49401]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"India\"}}]}","volume":"54","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1959-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, George C.","contributorId":45693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"George C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70211565,"text":"70211565 - 1959 - Tritium and deuterium content of atmospheric hydrogen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-30T20:13:25.785545","indexId":"70211565","displayToPublicDate":"1959-07-30T15:05:17","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5989,"text":"Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung A","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tritium and deuterium content of atmospheric hydrogen","docAbstract":"<p>The tritium and deuterium content of 24 samples of atmospheric hydrogen collected at ground level near Buffalo. N.Y. (U.S.A.). Hamburg (Germany), and Nürnberg (Germany) during 1954 to 1956 was measured.</p><p>At the beginning of 1954 the T/H-ratio was found to have been 9.18 · 10<sup>-14</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>i.e. about a factor of 10 higher than 1949 (FALTINGS and HARTECK) and 1951 (v. GROSSE et al.), probably due to the first explosion of a thermonuclear device in November 1952. In spite of a major test series of thermonuclear weapons in spring of 1954 (Operation CASTLE) no further increase in the tritium content was found during 1954 and 1955. It shows instead a seasonal variation with low tritium content in summer and about a threefold higher one in winter. Simultaneously, there is a good correlation between the tritium and deuterium concentrations. From 1956 on a noticeable increase in the tritium content due to more man-made HT produced or released by thermonuclear devices into the atmosphere was found, in agreement with measurements by GONSIOR. A possible explanation of the experimental results as well as a mode to test the validity of the model suggested is given.</p><p>The deuterium concentrations of the samples analysed vary between about +7 percent and –17 percent, compared to Standard Lake Michigan Water with a ratio D/H = 0.0148 ± 0.0002 mol percent. Although from these results only a correlation factor between the tritium and deuterium content of “mean atmospheric hydrogen” and not their absolute values can be derived it is obvious that atmospheric hydrogen and the water vapour of the atmosphere are not in thermodynamic equilibrium, as has been pointed out before by HARTECK and SUESS.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"De Gruyter","doi":"10.1515/zna-1959-1204","usgsCitation":"Begemann, F., and Friedman, I., 1959, Tritium and deuterium content of atmospheric hydrogen: Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung A, v. 14, no. 12, p. 1024-1031, https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-1959-1204.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1024","endPage":"1031","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-1959-1204","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376924,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Begemann, F.","contributorId":236898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Begemann","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12534,"text":"Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedman, Irving","contributorId":90664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Irving","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009818,"text":"70009818 - 1959 - Determination of uranium in zircon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-13T20:54:43.737203","indexId":"70009818","displayToPublicDate":"1959-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":760,"text":"Analytica Chimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of uranium in zircon","docAbstract":"<p><span>A routine fluorimetric procedure is described for the determination of trace amounts of uranium in zircon. It employs the direct extraction of uranyl nitrate with ethyl acetate using phosphate as a retainer for zirconium. Submicrogram amounts or uranium are separated in the presence of 100,000 times the amount of zirconium. The modified procedure has been worked out using synthetic mixtures of known composition and zircon. Results of analyses have an accuracy of 97–98% of the contained uranium and a standard deviation of less than 2.5%.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0003-2670(59)80094-5","usgsCitation":"Cuttitta, F., and Daniels, G.J., 1959, Determination of uranium in zircon: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 20, p. 430-434, https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(59)80094-5.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"430","endPage":"434","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffe6e4b0c8380cd4f471","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cuttitta, F.","contributorId":33837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuttitta","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daniels, G. J.","contributorId":95193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010776,"text":"70010776 - 1959 - Composition of monazites from pegmatites in eastern Minas Gerais, Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-13T21:20:43.492334","indexId":"70010776","displayToPublicDate":"1959-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Composition of monazites from pegmatites in eastern Minas Gerais, Brazil","docAbstract":"<p>Two zoned pegmatites in south-eastern Minas Gerais were sampled in detail for their content of monazite and xenotime and the monazite was analysed for certain of the rare-earth elements and thorium.</p><p>The ratio of xenotime to monazite increases in both pegmatites from the wall toward the quartz core. The content of the less basic rare-earth elements and of thorium in monazite rises in the same direction. These variation trends suggest that during the crystallization of these pegmatites there was a fractionation of the elements leading to a more or less steady enrichment of the less basic rare-earth elements and of thorium in the residual fluids. One mode of explaining these observed effects postulates that the rare-earth elements and thorium were present in pegmatitic fluids as co-ordination complexes rather than as simple cations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(59)90043-2","usgsCitation":"Murata, K.J., Dutra, C.V., Costa, D., and Branco, J., 1959, Composition of monazites from pegmatites in eastern Minas Gerais, Brazil: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 16, no. 1-3, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(59)90043-2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218729,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","state":"Minas Gerais","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -46.142578125,\n              -22.75592068148639\n            ],\n            [\n              -43.06640625,\n              -21.53484700204879\n            ],\n            [\n              -40.166015625,\n              -17.72775860985227\n            ],\n            [\n              -40.078125,\n              -15.792253570362446\n            ],\n            [\n              -43.9453125,\n              -14.264383087562637\n            ],\n            [\n              -45.439453125,\n              -14.859850400601037\n            ],\n            [\n              -46.142578125,\n              -22.75592068148639\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f92ae4b0c8380cd4d48d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murata, K. J.","contributorId":18759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murata","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dutra, C. V.","contributorId":37884,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dutra","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Costa, da","contributorId":48306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costa","given":"da","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Branco, J.J.R.","contributorId":84894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Branco","given":"J.J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70159217,"text":"70159217 - 1958 - Ground-water resources in the tri-state region adjacent to the Lower Delaware River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-23T11:59:55","indexId":"70159217","displayToPublicDate":"2010-02-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":126,"text":"New Jersey Division of Water Policy and Supply Special Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"13","title":"Ground-water resources in the tri-state region adjacent to the Lower Delaware River","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of this report is to appraise and evaluate the groundwater resources of a tri-state region adjacent to the lower Delaware River that is centered around Philadelphia, Pa., and Camden, N. J., and includes Wilmington, Del., and Trenton, N.J. Specifically, the region includes New Castle County, Del.; Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, Mercer, and Salem Counties in New Jersey; and Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia Counties in Pennsylvania.</p>\n<p>The peculiar advantages of ground water, such as its availability in many places without the necessity for expensive pipelines and its relatively uniform temperature and quality, make it an especially valuable resource in an industrial area. Large, readily available supplies of good, fresh water have contributed substantially to the recent rapid industrial growth of the lower Delaware River basin and will be vital to its continued prosperity. The major part of these supplies is drawn from the streams passing through the region, but very large quantities of ground water also are used.</p>\n<p>The region is divided almost equally by the Fall Line, which extends in a southwesterly direction along the general course of the Delaware River from Trenton, N.J., to Wilmington, Del., and beyond. Northwest of the Fall Line is a region of consolidated rocks in which ground water occurs mainly in cracks, crevices, and openings created or enlarged by weathering. The capacity of the various geologic formations to yield water depends largely upon the degree to which they have been fractured and weathered. The yield of individual wells in this part of the region is generally small to moderate and not readily predictable. Ground water in this part of the region is generally low in dissolved minerals and suitable for many uses without treatment.</p>\n<p>Southeast of the Fall Line lie the unconsolidated rocks of the Coastal Plain. Ground water occurs in these rocks largely in the pore spaces between the individual mineral grains. The major formations and the principal aquifers are rather uniform in their water-bearing characteristics over large areas. The yield of individual wells is moderate to very large and may be predicted with a reasonable degree of assurance. Sufficient quantities of ground water are available in most places for all ordinary purposes. The chemical quality of the ground water from the Coastal Plain aquifers is generally acceptable for most uses, but objectionable quantities of iron or other minerals are found in some places, and some waters have a low pH and are corrosive.</p>\n<p>More than 40 distinct geologic formations occur in the region. They range in age from Precambrian to Recent. Nearly all will yield some water to wells. However, only about a dozen yield water freely enough to be considered major aquifers. Of these, the sands of the Raritan and Magothy formations have been developed most intensively, and the Cohansey sand appears to have the greatest capacity for additional development.</p>\n<p>The present withdrawal of ground water in the region is estimated to average more than 200 mgd, of which more than half is drawn from the aquifers in the Raritan and Magothy formations. It is estimated that additional supplies of ground water, aggregating more than 1 billion gallons a day, can be developed within the region. Furthermore, substantial additional quantities can be developed outside the region for use within it if the need should ever arise.</p>\n<p>Induced recharge from the Delaware River supplies a substantial portion of the total water drawn from the Raritan and Magothy formations. In some areas, the quality of the water from these aquifers is approaching that of the river. Increased withdrawals of water from wells along the river will tend to increase induced recharge. Thus, the maintenance of a good quality of water in the river, which is desirable for many other reasons, is imperative if the quality of the ground-water supply is to be maintained.</p>\n<p>The proposed deepening of the Delaware River channel from Philadelphia to Trenton will greatly increase the opportunity for the interchange of water between the river and the adjacent aquifers. Whether this will be beneficial or detrimental to the ground-water supplies will depend upon the quality of the water in that reach of the river. &nbsp;If an acceptable quality of river water is maintained, the groundwater resources of the region will be augmented. If salt water from the ocean or excessive contamination from other sources should render the river water undesirable as a source of recharge, actual and potential ground-water supplies aggregating about 250 mgd would be endangered.</p>\n<p>The danger of salt-water encroachment into the aquifers normally yielding fresh water may limit the optimum yield of some of the most important aquifers in the region. Encroachment may come either from salt water in the surface-water bodies of the region or from parts of the aquifers, normally containing salt water. The protection of ground-water supplies against salt-water encroachment can be maintained only by constant vigilance, careful distribution of the pumping from the&nbsp;aquifers, regular sampling of outpost wells in exposed localities, and adjustment of rates of pumping in the light of changing conditions.</p>\n<p>The maximum beneficial utilization of the ground-water resources cannot be accomplished in haphazard fashion. It must be planned and controlled on the basis of sound, current information about the hydrology of the various aquifers. Continued and, in some areas, intensified investigations of the ground-water resources of the region should form the basis for such planning and control.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"State of New Jersey Department of Convservation and Economic Development, Division of Water Policy and Supply","publisherLocation":"Trenton, N.J.","collaboration":"Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the States of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware","usgsCitation":"Barksdale, H.C., Greenman, D.W., Lang, S.M., Hilton, G.S., and Outlaw, D.E., 1958, Ground-water resources in the tri-state region adjacent to the Lower Delaware River: New Jersey Division of Water Policy and Supply Special Report 13, Report: xiii, 191 p.; Plate: 17.41 x 23.41 inches.","productDescription":"Report: xiii, 191 p.; Plate: 17.41 x 23.41 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":310062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159217.jpg"},{"id":311239,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159217/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":311240,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159217/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware","county":"New Castle County, Burlington County, Camden County, Gloucester County, Mercer County, Salem County, Bucks County, Chester County, Delaware County, Montgomery County, Philadelphia County","city":"Philadelphia, Camden, Wilmington, Trenton","otherGeospatial":"Delaware River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.2,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -74,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -74,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2,\n              39\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56261472e4b0fb9a11dd7631","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barksdale, Henry C.","contributorId":11463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barksdale","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greenman, David W.","contributorId":149311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lang, Solomon Max","contributorId":17471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"Solomon","email":"","middleInitial":"Max","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hilton, George Stockbridge","contributorId":56206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilton","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"Stockbridge","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Outlaw, Donald E.","contributorId":149312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Outlaw","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":71994,"text":"tem1048 - 1958 - Physical properties of salt, anhydrite and gypsum : preliminary report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:58","indexId":"tem1048","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":338,"text":"Trace Elements Memorandum","code":"TEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1048","title":"Physical properties of salt, anhydrite and gypsum : preliminary report","docAbstract":"This summary is the result of a search of the available literature. Emphasis is placed on the mechanical and calorimetric properties of salt; the measurements of elastic, thermal, magnetic, and mass properties of salt are merely tabulated. \r\n\r\nUnder hydrostatic pressure < 1,000 kg/cm2 at room temperature, salt deforms plastically to strains > 100 percent at a nearly constant stress difference of about 300 kg/cm2. Similarily, under temperatures > 400?C at one atmosphere, salt deforms plastically to strains > 100 percent under stress differences of about 100 kg/cm2. \r\n\r\nEntha1pies were calculated for various temperatures to 2,000? C from the low temperature and high temperature heat capacities and the heats of solution of the following minerals: salt (or halite), NaCl; anhydrite, CaS04; quartz, Si02; and calcite, CaC03. Three combinations of these minerals were assumed to represent three possible natural salt beds, and the heats required to raise the temperature of each to 1,500?C and to 2,000?C were calculated. For a half and half mixture of salt and anhydrite, 1,300 cal/gm were required to raise the temperature to 2,000?C. For an evaporite containing 60 percent salt and \r\nabout equal amounts of anhydrite, calcite, and quartz, 1,100 cal/gm are required to raise the temperature to 2,OOO?C.\r\n \r\nMost of the measurements of the elastic moduli were made on single crystals of salt, anhydrite, and gypsum. For the most part, the measurements of density, magnetic susceptibility, and other properties were made on natural salt samples.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tem1048","usgsCitation":"Robertson, E.C., Robie, R.A., and Books, K.G., 1958, Physical properties of salt, anhydrite and gypsum : preliminary report: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 1048, 38 p.: ill. ; 27 cm.; 1 fig.; 21 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/tem1048.","productDescription":"38 p.: ill. ; 27 cm.; 1 fig.; 21 tables","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/1048/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":91081,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/1048/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68551c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Eugene C.","contributorId":71139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robie, Richard A.","contributorId":92235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robie","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Books, Kenneth G.","contributorId":25910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Books","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":56123,"text":"ofr5867 - 1958 - Preliminary report on ground water in the Bonanza Lake area, Power and Blaine counties, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-19T11:07:42","indexId":"ofr5867","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"58-67","title":"Preliminary report on ground water in the Bonanza Lake area, Power and Blaine counties, Idaho","docAbstract":"The investigation in the Bonanza Lake area of northwestern Power and southeastern Blaine Counties was made to determine the direction of ground-water movement and to ascertain the relation of the regional ground-water body to the Snake River. The surface of the area is nearly flat to gently rolling, and slopes to the west. Lake Channel, an abandoned channel of the Snake River, and a few volcanic cones modify the gentle relief. The climate is semiarid, the annual precipitation ranging from 10 to 15 inches. Most of the area is uncultivated and covered with sagebrush, the predominate vegetation. A significant amount of the area is dry farmed; about 500 to 650 acres is irrigated with ground water pumped from wells or from ponds in Lake Channel. The Bonanza area and vicinity are underlin by windblown deposits of Recent age (not shown on the geologic map); alluvium with admixed windblown material and black basalt, both also of Recent age; undifferentiated Snake River basalt, of Pliocene to Recent age; the American Falls lake beds and Cedar Butte basalt, or Pleistocene age; of the Raft Lake beds and Massacre volcanic and associated rocks, of Pliocene(?) age. The alluvium contains ground water at shallow depth, but because of its limited areal extent it is not an important aquifer, The Snake River basalt is the most important aquifer in the area and yields water to irrigation, domestic, and stock wells. Several springs discharge from the basalt into Lake Walcott. The Cedar Butte basalt is a major aquifer supplying water to a number of stock and domestic wells and to Bonanza Lake. Ground water moves southward and southwestward through the area from the Aberseen-Springfield tract on the northeast and possibly from the downstream end of American Falls Reservoir. Part of the ground water is discharged to the Snake River and Lake Walcott and part moves westward out of the area of the main ground-water body. The amount of ground water can not be determined from the data bow available. Data from dam-site borings and wells suggest the possibility that a part of the ground water in the area may be perched above the regional water table.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5867","collaboration":"Prepared for the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Meisler, H., 1958, Preliminary report on ground water in the Bonanza Lake area, Power and Blaine counties, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 58-67, Report: ii, 32 p.; 1 Plate: 48.05 x 28.87 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5867.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 32 p.; 1 Plate: 48.05 x 28.87 inches","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1958/0067/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":275858,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1958/0067/report.pdf"},{"id":275859,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1958/0067/plate-1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","city":"Blaine County;Power County","otherGeospatial":"Bonanza Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.9967,41.9948 ], [ -114.9967,43.9934 ], [ -111.9136,43.9934 ], [ -111.9136,41.9948 ], [ -114.9967,41.9948 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66caa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meisler, Harold","contributorId":34103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meisler","given":"Harold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":16067,"text":"ofr5898 - 1958 - Origin of manganese deposits of Busuanga Island, Philippines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-18T20:55:52.963182","indexId":"ofr5898","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"58-98","title":"Origin of manganese deposits of Busuanga Island, Philippines","docAbstract":"<p>The manganese deposits of Busuanga Island, Palawan, are tabular and broadly lenticular bodies which lie conformably within a thick sequence of deformed abort beds. The purpose of this study is to determine the probable mode of origin of the deposits. Similar deposits in other parts of the world have been described by others as products of several different genetic processes.</p><p>Field and laboratory methods of research were employed in the course of the investigation. Detailed geologic mapping was done on the surface and underground, and many samples of rocks and ores were obtained. Later, intensive study of samples from four typical deposits and from the rooks in the surrounding areas was undertaken, using a variety of laboratory techniques. Microscopic study of thin sections and polished surfaces was supplemented by X-ray and chemical work. More than one hundred X-ray diffraction powder photographs were made to identify minerals, and qualitative chemical studies were made of a number of aamples by use of the X-ray spectrograph. In addition, quantitative chemical analyses were made of certain samples. Finally, published accounts of the occurrence and geological behavior of manganese and silica were consulted to aid in interpretation of the data at hand.</p><p>Oherty layers in the manganese deposits are lithologically similar to the chart wallrooks and country rook beds. Radiolarian fossils are common in the chart and are also found in some ore specimens. Manganese content of the wallrocks and the country rock beds, however, in essentially nil.</p><p>The manganese deposits contain mostly psilomelane-type oxides in their near-surface parts, and in the deepest mines this ore grades downward into siliceous protore. In three of the deposits studied, the protore consists mainly of braanite and quartz; in the fourth deposit, hausmannite and the silicate alleghatvite make up the milk of the protore. Some of the protoro is massive, but cherty stones are commonly well layered parallel to the wall rock structure. Grain size is very small, but, like the silica in the chert beds, becomes relatively coarse where the rocks are much deformed. No evidence of large-scale replacement or cross-cutting veins is found in the protores.</p><p>It is concluded that the original manganiferous deposits were largely non-clastic or oolloidal marine sediments laid down in a reducing environment. The protorea were developed from these beds by processes of diagenesis and low-grade regional metamorphism. The protores were in turn altered to black oxide ore by near-surface agencies during the present erosion cycle. Particular interest is attached to the occurrence of alleghanyite and traces of pyroxmangite and hubnerite(?) in the protorea.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5898","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Philippine Bureau of Mines","usgsCitation":"Sorem, R.K., 1958, Origin of manganese deposits of Busuanga Island, Philippines: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 58-98, Report: viii, 134 p.; 1 Plate: 34.83 x 25.66 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5898.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 134 p.; 1 Plate: 34.83 x 25.66 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":396196,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1958/0098/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":396195,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1958/0098/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1958/0098/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Philippines","otherGeospatial":"Busuanga Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              119.80178833007811,\n              11.95469290365025\n            ],\n            [\n              120.37307739257812,\n              11.95469290365025\n            ],\n            [\n              120.37307739257812,\n              12.35475861486504\n            ],\n            [\n              119.80178833007811,\n              12.35475861486504\n            ],\n            [\n              119.80178833007811,\n              11.95469290365025\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a669","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorem, Ronald Keith","contributorId":72002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorem","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":3177,"text":"wsp1369A - 1958 - Selected topics of fluid mechanics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:35","indexId":"wsp1369A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1369","chapter":"A","title":"Selected topics of fluid mechanics","docAbstract":"The fundamental equations of fluid mechanics are specific expressions of the principles of motion which are ascribed to Isaac Newton. Thus, the equations which form the framework of applied fluid mechanics or hydraulics are, in addition to the equation of continuity, the Newtonian equations of energy and momentum. These basic relationships are also the foundations of river hydraulics. The fundamental equations are developed in this report with sufficient rigor to support critical examinations of their applicability to most problems met by hydraulic engineers of the Water Resources Division of the United States Geological Survey. Physical concepts are emphasized, and mathematical procedures are the simplest consistent with the specific requirements of the derivations. In lieu of numerical examples, analogies, and alternative procedures, this treatment stresses a brief methodical exposition of the essential principles. \r\n\r\nAn important objective of this report is to prepare the user to read the literature of the science. Thus, it begins With a basic vocabulary of technical symbols, terms, and concepts. Throughout, emphasis is placed on the language of modern fluid mechanics as it pertains to hydraulic engineering. The basic differential and integral equations of simple fluid motion are derived, and these equations are, in turn, used to describe the essential characteristics of hydrostatics and piezometry. The one-dimensional equations of continuity and motion are defined and are used to derive the general discharge equation. The flow net is described as a means of demonstrating significant characteristics of two-dimensional irrotational flow patterns. A typical flow net is examined in detail. \r\n\r\nThe influence of fluid viscosity is described as an obstacle to the derivation of general, integral equations of motion. It is observed that the part played by viscosity is one which is usually dependent on experimental evaluation. It follows that the dimensionless ratios known as the Euler, Froude, Reynolds, Weber, and Cauchy numbers are defined as essential tools for interpreting and using experimental data. The derivations of the energy and momentum equations are treated in detail. One-dimensional equations for steady nonuniform flow are developed, and the restrictions applicable to the equations are emphasized. Conditions of uniform and gradually varied flow are discussed, and the origin of the Chezy equation is examined in relation to both the energy and the momentum equations. The inadequacy of all uniform-flow equations as a means of describing gradually varied flow is explained. Thus, one of the definitive problems of river hydraulics is analyzed in the light of present knowledge. This report is the outgrowth of a series of short schools conducted during the spring and summer of 1953 for engineers of the Surface Water Branch, Water Resources Division, U. S. Geological Survey. The topics considered are essentially the same as the topics selected for inclusion in the schools. However, in order that they might serve better as a guide and outline for informal study, the arrangement of the writer's original lecture notes has been considerably altered. The purpose of the report, like the purpose of the schools which inspired it, is to build a simple but strong framework of the fundamentals of fluid mechanics. It is believed that this framework is capable of supporting a detailed analysis of most of the practical problems met by the engineers of the Geological Survey. \r\n\r\nIt is hoped that the least accomplishment of this work will be to inspire the reader with the confidence and desire to read more of the recent and current technical literature of modern fluid mechanics.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1369A","usgsCitation":"Kindsvater, C.E., 1958, Selected topics of fluid mechanics: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1369, 154 p. :illus., maps. ;24 cm. :1-51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1369A.","productDescription":"154 p. :illus., maps. ;24 cm. :1-51 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1369a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30135,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1369a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667cd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kindsvater, Carl E.","contributorId":73182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindsvater","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70206773,"text":"70206773 - 1958 - The environmental control of sedimentary iron minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-21T13:29:44","indexId":"70206773","displayToPublicDate":"1958-11-21T13:22:16","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The environmental control of sedimentary iron minerals","docAbstract":"<p><span>An Eh-pH stability diagram is developed for hematite, magnetite, siderite, pyrite, and iron sulfide that indicates the relative position of their stability fields in a normal sea water system. With the exception of the magnetite-siderite relationship, Eh is much more critical than pH. In general terms, hematite is stable under oxidizing conditions, siderite and magnetite under intermediate to moderately reducing conditions, pyrite under moderate to strongly reducing conditions, and iron sulfide under still stronger reducing conditions. Because of numerous variables involved the relative positions of the stability fields are stressed rather than their limits on the Eh and pH scales. The inclusion of a magnetite field suggests that magnetite should be much more important as a primary or diagenetic mineral in sedimentary rocks than has been commonly recognized. This is in accord with numerous recent suggestions to that effect. The importance of thermodynamic equilibrium is stressed and it is suggested that differences in rates of formation of the various minerals and the persistence of some metastable phases are among the commonest causes of lack of equilibrium.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geology","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.53.2.123","usgsCitation":"Huber, N., 1958, The environmental control of sedimentary iron minerals: Economic Geology, v. 53, no. 2, p. 123-140, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.53.2.123.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"140","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369393,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1958-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huber, N.K.","contributorId":73610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"N.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009845,"text":"70009845 - 1958 - The solusphere - its inferences and study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-16T22:55:59.544268","indexId":"70009845","displayToPublicDate":"1958-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The solusphere - its inferences and study","docAbstract":"<p>Water is a fundamental geologic agent active in rock decomposition, erosion, and synthesis. Solutes in water are of particular interest to geochemists as sources of raw material for synthesis or as products of decomposition. When geochemical studies move from the laboratory into natural environment many variables relating to solute hydrology must be considered.</p><p>As a focal point there has been designed a graphical representation of solute hydrology, the solusphere, which embodies the concepts of land-water occurrence and movement on which are superimposed geologic, biologic, physical, chemical, and cultural processes affecting solutes. The solusphere is demonstrated by passing an imaginary plane through the centre of the earth. This plane intercepts concentric zones designated as rock flowage, saturation, aeration, surface activity, and atmosphere. Transport processes carry solutes within and between zones without alteration or conversion. However, whether stationary or in motion, the water's solute character is constantly subject to (1) alteration processes that change concentration by addition or subtraction of solutes or solvent without loss of solute identities, and (2) conversion processes that change the chemical state and form of solutes.</p><p>The geochemist is concerned with specific conversion processes, but he also must consider transport, alteration, and other conversion processes that are continually modifying the materials with which he is dealing in nature. The solusphere is an attempt to organize processes affecting the chemical quality of land waters into a unified field of science much like the field of marine chemistry.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(58)90083-8","usgsCitation":"Rainwater, F.H., and White, W.F., 1958, The solusphere - its inferences and study: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 14, no. 3, p. 244-249, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(58)90083-8.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"244","endPage":"249","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218830,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb045e4b08c986b324d4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rainwater, F. H.","contributorId":41402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rainwater","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, W. F.","contributorId":80259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70211918,"text":"70211918 - 1958 - Reconnaissance study of erosion and deposition produced by the flood of August 1955 in Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-11T19:16:55.176465","indexId":"70211918","displayToPublicDate":"1958-08-11T14:08:12","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconnaissance study of erosion and deposition produced by the flood of August 1955 in Connecticut","docAbstract":"<p><span>A large area in the valley bottoms in Connecticut was inundated by the flood of August 1955. Relative to the total area flooded that part permanently modified by the flow was surprisingly small. Although great in some places, the distribution of these permanent modifications of channel and flood plain was spotty. Erosion of the channel and valley bottom appears to have been most severe in narrow, steep valleys. Environments of deposition were diverse. They appeared to be related to rate and direction of flow, quantity and size of sediments locally available, and in some cases to the presence of vegetation. Most of the coarse sediment deposited in the valley appears to have been derived from local sources such as valley walls and terraces composed of glacial outwash and till and flood plains containing considerable gravel. Fine sand predominated in most of the sediment deposited. Considering the magnitude of the runoff, the quantity of fine sediment transported or deposited by the flood was small. The maximum observed concentration was 473 parts per million in Scantic River at Broad Brook. Newly deposited fine sediments are thin or absent on the flood plains of many valleys which were beneath 20 ft of slow‐moving flood waters. The paucity of deposition in such ideal depositional environments also indicates that the flow did not have a high concentration of fine sediments. A number of boulders five to seven feet in diameter were moved by flood waters in reaches in which smaller gravels were undisturbed. Severe erosion in the uplands was minor. In this reconnaissance we saw little evidence of newly formed gullies and no areas of severe sheet erosion. This was the case in both woodland and pasture land. Large amounts of subsurface flow and relatively unerodible ground are presumed to be responsible for the absence of erosion.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/TR039i001p00001","usgsCitation":"Wolman, M.G., and Eiler, J., 1958, Reconnaissance study of erosion and deposition produced by the flood of August 1955 in Connecticut: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 39, no. 1, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR039i001p00001.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":377372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-71.799242,42.008065],[-71.797922,41.935395],[-71.797649,41.928556],[-71.794161,41.841101],[-71.794161,41.840141],[-71.792786,41.80867],[-71.792767,41.807001],[-71.791062,41.770273],[-71.789678,41.724734],[-71.789672,41.724569],[-71.786994,41.655992],[-71.787637,41.639917],[-71.789356,41.59691],[-71.789359,41.596852],[-71.797683,41.416709],[-71.81839,41.419599],[-71.839649,41.412119],[-71.842563,41.409855],[-71.843472,41.40583],[-71.842131,41.395359],[-71.833443,41.384524],[-71.831613,41.370899],[-71.837738,41.363529],[-71.835951,41.353935],[-71.829595,41.344544],[-71.839013,41.334042],[-71.860513,41.320248],[-71.859566,41.3224],[-71.868235,41.330941],[-71.886302,41.33641],[-71.91671,41.332217],[-71.922092,41.334518],[-71.923282,41.335113],[-71.936284,41.337959],[-71.945652,41.337799],[-71.956747,41.329871],[-71.970955,41.324526],[-71.979447,41.329987],[-71.982194,41.329861],[-71.988153,41.320577],[-72.021898,41.316838],[-72.084487,41.319634],[-72.094443,41.314164],[-72.09982,41.306998],[-72.11182,41.299098],[-72.134221,41.299398],[-72.16158,41.310262],[-72.173922,41.317597],[-72.177622,41.322497],[-72.184122,41.323997],[-72.191022,41.323197],[-72.201422,41.315697],[-72.203022,41.313197],[-72.204022,41.299097],[-72.212924,41.291365],[-72.225276,41.299047],[-72.235531,41.300413],[-72.248161,41.299488],[-72.251895,41.29862],[-72.250515,41.294386],[-72.251323,41.289997],[-72.261487,41.282926],[-72.31776,41.277782],[-72.327595,41.27846],[-72.333894,41.282916],[-72.34146,41.28011],[-72.348643,41.277446],[-72.348068,41.269698],[-72.386629,41.261798],[-72.398688,41.278172],[-72.40593,41.278398],[-72.451925,41.278885],[-72.472539,41.270103],[-72.485693,41.270881],[-72.499534,41.265866],[-72.506634,41.260099],[-72.51866,41.261253],[-72.521312,41.2656],[-72.529416,41.264421],[-72.533247,41.26269],[-72.536746,41.256207],[-72.537776,41.255646],[-72.546833,41.250718],[-72.547235,41.250499],[-72.570655,41.267744],[-72.571076,41.268054],[-72.571136,41.268098],[-72.583336,41.271698],[-72.585181,41.271321],[-72.585934,41.271168],[-72.586674,41.271017],[-72.587926,41.270761],[-72.589818,41.270375],[-72.590967,41.270141],[-72.598036,41.268698],[-72.607863,41.270387],[-72.610236,41.270795],[-72.617237,41.271998],[-72.617521,41.27194],[-72.617983,41.271845],[-72.631363,41.269092],[-72.641001,41.267108],[-72.641538,41.266998],[-72.642811,41.266884],[-72.650697,41.266178],[-72.653838,41.265897],[-72.653931,41.265931],[-72.654715,41.266219],[-72.662203,41.268964],[-72.662838,41.269197],[-72.667176,41.268192],[-72.671673,41.267151],[-72.672339,41.266997],[-72.674319,41.26552],[-72.684939,41.257597],[-72.685414,41.252607],[-72.685539,41.251297],[-72.689446,41.247629],[-72.690237,41.246887],[-72.690439,41.246697],[-72.693441,41.245493],[-72.694744,41.24497],[-72.69547,41.244948],[-72.701806,41.244752],[-72.706236,41.244615],[-72.707212,41.244585],[-72.708658,41.24454],[-72.708963,41.24453],[-72.709193,41.244523],[-72.710595,41.24448],[-72.710821,41.244812],[-72.713674,41.249007],[-72.711208,41.251018],[-72.71246,41.254167],[-72.722439,41.259138],[-72.732813,41.254727],[-72.754444,41.266913],[-72.757477,41.266913],[-72.786142,41.264796],[-72.818737,41.252244],[-72.819372,41.254061],[-72.826883,41.256755],[-72.847767,41.25669],[-72.85021,41.255544],[-72.854055,41.24774],[-72.861344,41.245297],[-72.881445,41.242597],[-72.895445,41.243697],[-72.900803,41.245864],[-72.904345,41.247297],[-72.905245,41.248297],[-72.903045,41.252797],[-72.902808,41.252894],[-72.894745,41.256197],[-72.89473,41.25626],[-72.893845,41.259897],[-72.89637,41.263949],[-72.903129,41.274794],[-72.907962,41.282549],[-72.9082,41.282932],[-72.916827,41.282033],[-72.917037,41.281905],[-72.920062,41.280056],[-72.920658,41.271574],[-72.920714,41.27078],[-72.920846,41.268897],[-72.931887,41.261139],[-72.933472,41.260024],[-72.935646,41.258497],[-72.956984,41.25292],[-72.959633,41.252228],[-72.961345,41.25178],[-72.962047,41.251597],[-72.983751,41.235364],[-72.985095,41.234358],[-72.986247,41.233497],[-72.997948,41.222697],[-73.003639,41.215287],[-73.007548,41.210197],[-73.013465,41.205479],[-73.013988,41.205062],[-73.014948,41.204297],[-73.020149,41.204097],[-73.020167,41.204237],[-73.020195,41.204446],[-73.02021,41.204568],[-73.020254,41.204906],[-73.020449,41.206397],[-73.022549,41.207197],[-73.024783,41.207435],[-73.045602,41.209658],[-73.05065,41.210197],[-73.054947,41.208468],[-73.05935,41.206697],[-73.07761,41.195176],[-73.07945,41.194015],[-73.09122,41.184153],[-73.092,41.1835],[-73.092147,41.183377],[-73.104328,41.17317],[-73.105483,41.172203],[-73.105493,41.172194],[-73.107987,41.168738],[-73.110352,41.159697],[-73.109952,41.156997],[-73.108352,41.153718],[-73.111052,41.150797],[-73.130253,41.146797],[-73.16437,41.158565],[-73.170074,41.160532],[-73.170701,41.164945],[-73.177774,41.166697],[-73.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 \"}}]}","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolman, M. Gordon","contributorId":85163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gordon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":795803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eiler, J.P.","contributorId":238011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eiler","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":795804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5221316,"text":"5221316 - 1958 - Mass control of insects: The effects on fish and wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-30T16:28:53.825439","indexId":"5221316","displayToPublicDate":"1958-06-16T12:18:25","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1122,"text":"Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mass control of insects: The effects on fish and wildlife","docAbstract":"<p><span>The mass control of insects carried on during the past ten years has made possible the economical suppression and, in a few instances, the near eradication of pest insect populations over widespread areas. These large operations, usually featuring the use of the airplane for applying insecticides quickly and cheaply, have proven to be the means of effectuating control programs which never could have been carried on through use of the techniques and equipment of early-day economic entomology. With the development of the methods employed in modern mass control came the introduction of new toxicants, well-adapted for use against insects because of their potency, low cost and wide availability. The present-day entomologist is thus armed with the means to carry on a control task of almost any magnitude.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/besa/4.2.52","usgsCitation":"Cope, O.B., and Springer, P.F., 1958, Mass control of insects: The effects on fish and wildlife: Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America, v. 4, no. 2, p. 52-56, https://doi.org/10.1093/besa/4.2.52.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"52","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196945,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605a48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cope, Oliver B.","contributorId":13290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cope","given":"Oliver","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Springer, Paul F.","contributorId":70445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Springer","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010560,"text":"70010560 - 1958 - The deuterium content of water in some volcanic glasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-12T20:58:57.939243","indexId":"70010560","displayToPublicDate":"1958-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The deuterium content of water in some volcanic glasses","docAbstract":"<p><span>The deuterium-hydrogen composition (relative to Lake Michigan water = 0.0) of water extractsd from coexisting perlite and obsidian from eleven different localities was determined. The water content of the obsidians is generally from 0.09 to 0.29 per cent by weight, though two samples from near Olancha, California, contain about 0.92 per cent. The relative deuterium concentration is from −4.6 to −12.3 per cent. The coexisting perlite contains from 2.0 to 3.8 per cent of water with a relative deuterium concentration of −3.1 to −16.6 per cent. The deuterium concentration in the perlites is not related to that in the enclosed obsidian. The deuterium concentration in the perlite water is related to the deuterium concentration of the modern meteoric water and the perlite water contains approximately 4 per cent less deuterium than does the groundwater of the area in which the perlites occur. The above relations hold true for perlites from northern New Mexico, east slope of the Sierra Nevada. California Coast Range, Yellowstone Park, Wyoming, and New Zealand. As the water in the obsidian is unrelated to meteoric water, but the enclosing perlite water is related, we believe that this is evidence for the secondary hydration of obsidian to form high water content perlitic glass.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(58)90059-0","usgsCitation":"Friedman, I., and Smith, R.L., 1958, The deuterium content of water in some volcanic glasses: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 15, no. 3, p. 218-228, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(58)90059-0.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"218","endPage":"228","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baaa3e4b08c986b3228e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, I.","contributorId":95596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R. L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":359171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010795,"text":"70010795 - 1958 - Volumes and surface areas of pendular rings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-12T21:34:20.62453","indexId":"70010795","displayToPublicDate":"1958-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2171,"text":"Journal of Applied Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volumes and surface areas of pendular rings","docAbstract":"<div class=\"NLM_paragraph\">A packing of spheres is taken as a suitable model of<span>&nbsp;</span>porous media.<span>&nbsp;</span>The packing may be regular and the sphere size may be uniform, but in general, both should be random. Approximations are developed to give the volumes and surface areas of pendular rings that exist at points of sphere contact. From these, the total free volume and interfacial specific surface area are derived as expressive of the textural character of the packing.</div><div class=\"NLM_paragraph\">It was found that the log‐log plot of volumes and surface areas of pendular rings vary linearly with the angle made by the line joining the sphere centers and the line from the center of the largest sphere to the closest edge of the pendular ring. The relationship, moreover, was found not to be very sensitive to variation in the size ratio of the spheres in contact.</div><div class=\"NLM_paragraph\">It also was found that the addition of pendular ring material to various sphere packings results in an unexpected decrease in the surface area of the boundaries that confine the resulting pore space.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"AIP Publishing","doi":"10.1063/1.1723251","usgsCitation":"Rose, W., 1958, Volumes and surface areas of pendular rings: Journal of Applied Physics, v. 29, no. 4, p. 687-691, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1723251.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"687","endPage":"691","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc365e4b08c986b32b14f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, W.","contributorId":49101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010541,"text":"70010541 - 1958 - A combined deamination and nitro reduction method for nitroanilines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T22:06:00","indexId":"70010541","displayToPublicDate":"1958-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2408,"text":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A combined deamination and nitro reduction method for nitroanilines","docAbstract":"The hypophosphorous acid-cuprous oxide deamination method on nitroanilines has been modified so that the nitro compounds which are formed are reduced in turn by cuprous oxide to the corresponding amines. Over-all yields of 55-65% are reported for three halogenated nitroanilines.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/jo01105a006","issn":"00223263","usgsCitation":"Finger, G.C., and White, R., 1958, A combined deamination and nitro reduction method for nitroanilines: Journal of Organic Chemistry, v. 23, no. 11, p. 1612-1613, https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01105a006.","startPage":"1612","endPage":"1613","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268069,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo01105a006"},{"id":219765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e34be4b0c8380cd45f47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finger, G. C.","contributorId":89277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, R.H.","contributorId":83263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70160530,"text":"70160530 - 1957 - New host and locality record for Triaenophorus crassus forel (Cestoda: pseudophyllidea)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-02T15:24:38.426492","indexId":"70160530","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"New host and locality record for <i>Triaenophorus crassus</i> forel (<i>Cestoda: pseudophyllidea</i>)","title":"New host and locality record for Triaenophorus crassus forel (Cestoda: pseudophyllidea)","docAbstract":"<p>The adult form of <i>Triaenophorus crassus</i> Forel, 1868 (= <i>T. robustus</i> Olsson, 1893; = <i>T. tricuspidatus</i> morpha <i>megadentatus</i> Wardle, 1932) occurs as an intestinal parasite in the pike, <i>Esox lucius</i> L., a holarctic species of wide distribution. Preliminary life-history stages include procercoid development in copepods of the genus <i>Cyclops</i> followed by plerocercoid development in the musculature of a variety of coregonid and salmonid fishes. The unsightly appearance of even moderate plerocercoid infections is often sufficient to render fish unacceptable for human consumption. In the prairie provinces of Canada the incidence and intensity of <i>T. crassus</i> infections in the commercially important whitefishes constitute a serious economic problem.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.2307/3274650","usgsCitation":"Uzmann, J., and Hesselholt, M.N., 1957, New host and locality record for Triaenophorus crassus forel (Cestoda: pseudophyllidea): Journal of Parasitology, v. 43, no. 2, p. 205-208, https://doi.org/10.2307/3274650.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3274650","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312715,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia, Northwest Territories","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -168.046875,\n              54.41892996865827\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.046875,\n              71.01695975726373\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.60937499999999,\n              71.01695975726373\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.60937499999999,\n              54.41892996865827\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.046875,\n              54.41892996865827\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567a7432e4b0a04ef490fcc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uzmann, J. R.","contributorId":38647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uzmann","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hesselholt, M. N.","contributorId":150793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hesselholt","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39736,"text":"pp274L - 1957 - Volcanic rocks of the El Modeno area, Orange County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:36","indexId":"pp274L","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"274","chapter":"L","title":"Volcanic rocks of the El Modeno area, Orange County, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp274L","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R.F., 1957, Volcanic rocks of the El Modeno area, Orange County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 274, p. 313-334, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp274L.","productDescription":"p. 313-334","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104413,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4250.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4250"},{"id":121757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0274l/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67509,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0274l/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67510,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0274l/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67511,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0274l/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd90f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R. F.","contributorId":24754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}