{"pageNumber":"165","pageRowStart":"4100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16502,"records":[{"id":70040168,"text":"sir20125196 - 2012 - Conceptualization of the predevelopment groundwater flow system and transient water-level responses in Yucca Flat, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-03T17:16:16","indexId":"sir20125196","displayToPublicDate":"2012-10-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5196","title":"Conceptualization of the predevelopment groundwater flow system and transient water-level responses in Yucca Flat, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada","docAbstract":"Contaminants introduced into the subsurface of Yucca Flat, Nevada National Security Site, by underground nuclear testing are of concern to the U.S. Department of Energy and regulators responsible for protecting human health and safety. The potential for contaminant movement away from the underground test areas and into the accessible environment is greatest by groundwater transport. The primary hydrologic control on this transport is evaluated and examined through a set of contour maps developed to represent the hydraulic-head distribution within the two major aquifer systems underlying the area. Aquifers and confining units within these systems were identified and their extents delineated by merging and analyzing hydrostratigraphic framework models developed by other investigators from existing geologic information. Maps of the hydraulic-head distributions in the major aquifer systems were developed from a detailed evaluation and assessment of available water-level measurements. The maps, in conjunction with regional and detailed hydrogeologic cross sections, were used to conceptualize flow within and between aquifer systems. Aquifers and confining units are mapped and discussed in general terms as being one of two aquifer systems: alluvial-volcanic or carbonate. The carbonate aquifers are subdivided and mapped as independent regional and local aquifers, based on the continuity of their component rock. Groundwater flow directions, approximated from potentiometric contours, are indicated on the maps and sections and discussed for the alluvial-volcanic and regional carbonate aquifers. Flow in the alluvial-volcanic aquifer generally is constrained by the bounding volcanic confining unit, whereas flow in the regional carbonate aquifer is constrained by the siliceous confining unit. Hydraulic heads in the alluvial-volcanic aquifer typically range from 2,400 to 2,530 feet and commonly are elevated about 20-100 feet above heads in the underlying regional carbonate aquifer. Flow directions in the alluvial-volcanic aquifer are variable and are controlled by localized areas where small amounts of water can drain into the regional carbonate aquifer. These areas commonly are controlled by geologic structures, such as Yucca fault. Flow in the regional carbonate aquifer generally drains to the center of the basin; from there flow is to the south-southeast out of the study area toward downgradient discharge areas. Southward flow in the regional carbonate aquifer occurs in a prominent potentiometric trough that results from a faulted zone of enhanced permeability centered about Yucca fault. Vertical hydraulic gradients between the aquifer systems are downward throughout the study area; however, flow from the alluvial-volcanic aquifer into the underlying carbonate aquifer is believed to be minor because of the intervening confining unit. Transient water levels were identified and analyzed to understand hydraulic responses to stresses in Yucca Flat. Transient responses have only a minimal influence on the general predevelopment flow directions in the aquifers. The two primary anthropogenic stresses on the groundwater system since about 1950 are nuclear testing and pumping. Most of the potentiometric response in the aquifers to pumping or past nuclear testing is interim and localized. Persistent, long-lasting changes in hydraulic head caused by nuclear testing occur only in confining units where groundwater fluxes are negligible. A third stress on the groundwater system is natural recharge, which can cause minor, short- and long-term changes in water levels. Long-term hydrographs affected by natural recharge, grouped by similar trend, cluster in distinct areas of Yucca Flat and are controlled primarily by spatial differences in local recharge patterns.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125196","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management, National Nuclear Security Administration, Nevada Site Office, under Interagency Agreement DE-NA0001654","usgsCitation":"Fenelon, J.M., Sweetkind, D., Elliott, P.E., and Laczniak, R.J., 2012, Conceptualization of the predevelopment groundwater flow system and transient water-level responses in Yucca Flat, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5196, SIR 2012-5196: vi, 62; Report Package; 4 Plates: 42 x 36.01 inches and 24 x 40 inches; Appendixes 1-3, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125196.","productDescription":"SIR 2012-5196: vi, 62; Report Package; 4 Plates: 42 x 36.01 inches and 24 x 40 inches; Appendixes 1-3","numberOfPages":"72","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5196.jpg"},{"id":262231,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5196/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":262232,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5196/pdf/sir2012-5196.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":262233,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5196/pdf/sir2012-5196Plate01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":262234,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5196/pdf/sir2012-5196Plate02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":262235,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5196/pdf/sir2012-5196Plate03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":262236,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5196/pdf/sir2012-5196Plate04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 11","datum":"North Amercian Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Flat","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.83333333333333,36.5 ], [ -116.83333333333333,37.5 ], [ -115.5,37.5 ], [ -115.5,36.5 ], [ -116.83333333333333,36.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"506d5171e4b002b5ec71a821","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fenelon, Joseph M. 0000-0003-4449-245X jfenelon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4449-245X","contributorId":2355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenelon","given":"Joseph","email":"jfenelon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S.","contributorId":18732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, Peggy E. 0000-0002-7264-664X pelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7264-664X","contributorId":3805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Peggy","email":"pelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":467819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laczniak, Randell J.","contributorId":90687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laczniak","given":"Randell","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70040125,"text":"sir20125144 - 2012 - Preliminary assessment of water chemistry related to groundwater flooding in Wawarsing, New York, 2009-11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-12T15:38:34","indexId":"sir20125144","displayToPublicDate":"2012-10-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5144","title":"Preliminary assessment of water chemistry related to groundwater flooding in Wawarsing, New York, 2009-11","docAbstract":"<p>Water-quality samples collected in an area prone to groundwater flooding in Wawarsing, New York, were analyzed and assessed to better understand the hydrologic system and to aid in the assessment of contributing water sources. Above average rainfall over the past decade, and the presence of a pressurized water tunnel that passes about 700 feet beneath Wawarsing, could both contribute to groundwater flooding. Water samples were collected from surface-water bodies, springs, and wells and analyzed for major and trace inorganic constituents, dissolved gases, age tracers, and stable isotopes. Distinct differences in chemistry exist between tunnel water and groundwater in unconsolidated deposits and in bedrock, and among groundwater samples collected from some bedrock wells during high head pressure and low head pressure of the Rondout-West Branch Tunnel. Samples from bedrock wells generally had relatively higher concentrations of sulfate (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and lower concentrations of calcium (Ca) and bicarbonate (HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>), as compared to unconsolidated wells. Differences in stable-isotope ratios among oxygen-18 to oxygen-16 (&delta;<sup>18</sup>O), hydrogen-2 to hydrogen-1 (&delta;<sup>2</sup>H), sulfur-34 to sulfur-32(&delta;<sup>34</sup>S) of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>, Sr-87 to Sr-86 (<sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr), and C-13 to C-12 (&delta;<sup>13</sup>C) of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) indicate a potential for distinguishing water in the Delaware-West Branch Tunnel from native groundwater. For example, <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratios were more depleted in groundwater samples from most bedrock wells, as compared to samples from surface-water sources, springs, and wells screened in unconsolidated deposits in the study area. Age-tracer data provided useful information on pathways of the groundwater-flow system, but were limited by inherent problems with dissolved gases in bedrock wells. The sulfur hexafluoride (SF<sub>6</sub>) and (or) chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) apparent recharge years of most water samples from wells screened in unconsolidated deposits and springs ranged from 2003 to 2010 (current) and indicate short flow paths from the point of groundwater recharge. All but three of the samples from bedrock wells had interference problems with dissolved gases, mainly caused by excess air from degassing of hydrogen sulfide and methane. The SF<sub>6</sub> and (or) CFC apparent recharge years of samples from three of the bedrock wells ranged from the 1940s to the early 2000s; the sample with the early 2000s recharge year was from a flowing artesian well that was chemically similar to water samples collected at the influent to the tunnel at Rondout Reservoir and the most hydraulically responsive to water tunnel pressure compared to other bedrock wells. Data described in this report can be used, together with hydrogeologic data, to improve the understanding of source waters and groundwater-flow patterns and pathways, and to help assess the mixing of different source waters in water samples. Differences in stable isotope ratios, major and trace constituent concentrations, saturation indexes, tritium concentrations, and apparent groundwater ages will be used to estimate the proportion of water that originates from Rondout-West Branch Tunnel leakage.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125144","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York City Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Brown, C., Eckhardt, D.A., Stumm, F., and Chu, A., 2012, Preliminary assessment of water chemistry related to groundwater flooding in Wawarsing, New York, 2009-11: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5144, x, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125144.","productDescription":"x, 35 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5144.gif"},{"id":262195,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5144/pdf/sir2012-5144.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":262194,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5144/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Wawarsing","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.25,41 ], [ -76.25,42 ], [ -73,42 ], [ -73,41 ], [ -76.25,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"506c01e1e4b05073318eead0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Craig J.","contributorId":104450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Craig J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eckhardt, David A. daeckhar@usgs.gov","contributorId":1079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckhardt","given":"David","email":"daeckhar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":467753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stumm, Frederick 0000-0002-5388-8811 fstumm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-8811","contributorId":1077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumm","given":"Frederick","email":"fstumm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chu, Anthony 0000-0001-8623-2862 achu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-2862","contributorId":2517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chu","given":"Anthony","email":"achu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70040155,"text":"sir20125151 - 2012 - Spatial and temporal trends in runoff at long-term streamgages within and near the Chesapeake Bay Watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-06T23:08:07.748441","indexId":"sir20125151","displayToPublicDate":"2012-10-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5151","title":"Spatial and temporal trends in runoff at long-term streamgages within and near the Chesapeake Bay Watershed","docAbstract":"Long-term streamflow data within the Chesapeake Bay watershed and surrounding area were analyzed in an attempt to identify trends in streamflow. Data from 30 streamgages near and within the Chesapeake Bay watershed were selected from 1930 through 2010 for analysis. Streamflow data were converted to runoff and trend slopes in percent change per decade were calculated. Trend slopes for three runoff statistics (the 7-day minimum, the mean, and the 1-day maximum) were analyzed annually and seasonally. The slopes also were analyzed both spatially and temporally. The spatial results indicated that trend slopes in the northern half of the watershed were generally greater than those in the southern half. The temporal analysis was done by splitting the 80-year flow record into two subsets; records for 28 streamgages were analyzed for 1930 through 1969 and records for 30 streamgages were analyzed for 1970 through 2010. The mean of the data for all sites for each year were plotted so that the following datasets were analyzed: the 7-day minimum runoff for the north, the 7-day minimum runoff for the south, the mean runoff for the north, the mean runoff for the south, the 1-day maximum runoff for the north, and the 1-day maximum runoff for the south. Results indicated that the period 1930 through 1969 was statistically different from the period 1970 through 2010. For the 7-day minimum runoff and the mean runoff, the latter period had significantly higher streamflow than did the earlier period, although within those two periods no significant linear trends were identified. For the 1-day maximum runoff, no step trend or linear trend could be shown to be statistically significant for the north, although the south showed a mixture of an upward step trend accompanied by linear downtrends within the periods. In no case was a change identified that indicated an increasing rate of change over time, and no general pattern was identified of hydrologic conditions becoming \"more extreme\" over time.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125151","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, Office of Surface Water Investigations","usgsCitation":"Rice, K.C., and Hirsch, R.M., 2012, Spatial and temporal trends in runoff at long-term streamgages within and near the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5151, vi, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125151.","productDescription":"vi, 56 p.","numberOfPages":"66","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science 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rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048660,"text":"70048660 - 2012 - Modelling ecological flow regime: an example from the Tennessee and Cumberland River basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-11T15:02:31","indexId":"70048660","displayToPublicDate":"2012-10-01T14:56:33","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling ecological flow regime: an example from the Tennessee and Cumberland River basins","docAbstract":"Predictive equations were developed for 19 ecologically relevant streamflow characteristics within five major groups of flow variables (magnitude, ratio, frequency, variability, and date) for use in the Tennessee and Cumberland River basins using stepbackward regression. Basin characteristics explain 50% or more of the variation for 12 of the 19 equations. Independent variables identified through stepbackward regression were statistically significant in 78 of 304 cases (α > 0.0001) and represent four major groups: climate, physical landscape features, regional indicators, and land use. Of these groups, the regional and climate variables were the most influential for determining hydrologic response. Daily temperature range, geologic factor, and rock depth were major factors explaining the variability in 17, 15, and 13 equations, respectively. The equations and independent datasets were used to explore the broad relation between basin properties and streamflow and the implication of streamflow to the study of ecological flow requirements. Key results include a high degree of hydrologic variability among least disturbed Blue Ridge streams, similar hydrologic behaviour for watersheds with widely varying degrees of forest cover, and distinct hydrologic profiles for streams in different geographic regions. Published in 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecohydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eco.246","usgsCitation":"Knight, R., Gain, W.S., and Wolfe, W., 2012, Modelling ecological flow regime: an example from the Tennessee and Cumberland River basins: Ecohydrology, v. 5, no. 5, p. 613-627, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.246.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"613","endPage":"627","ipdsId":"IP-023745","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282283,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282282,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eco.246"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Georgia;Kentucky;Mississippi;North Carolina;Tennessee;Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Tennessee And Cumberland River Basins","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.31,34.44 ], [ -90.31,37.06 ], [ -80.86,37.06 ], [ -80.86,34.44 ], [ -90.31,34.44 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd67f3e4b0b29085101b79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knight, Rodney R. rrknight@usgs.gov","contributorId":2272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Rodney R.","email":"rrknight@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gain, W. Scott wsgain@usgs.gov","contributorId":346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gain","given":"W.","email":"wsgain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":485321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolfe, William J. wjwolfe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"William J.","email":"wjwolfe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70255732,"text":"70255732 - 2012 - Role of remote sensing for land-use and land-cover change modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-03T13:28:46.614651","indexId":"70255732","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-30T08:16:40","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"15","title":"Role of remote sensing for land-use and land-cover change modeling","docAbstract":"<p><span>As the impacts of land-use and land-cover (LULC) change on carbon dynamics, climate change, hydrology, and biodiversity have been recognized, modeling of this transformational force has become increasingly important. Given the wide variety of applications that rely on the availability of LULC projections, modeling approaches have originated from a variety of disciplines, including geography, landscape ecology, economics, biology, and others. Initial modeling was often isolated within each discipline, but multidisciplinary modeling frameworks were developed as LULC modelers began to integrate the socioeconomic and biophysical components of LULC change. The empirical and theoretical basis for this work falls within land-use science, and this ‡eld documents both land-use and land-cover change, explains the coupled human-environment dynamics that produce the changes, and provides tools for producing spatially explicit LULC models (Mertens and Lambin, 1999; Rindfuss et al., 2004).</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote sensing of land use and land cover","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1201/b11964-21","usgsCitation":"Sohl, T., and Sleeter, B., 2012, Role of remote sensing for land-use and land-cover change modeling, chap. 15 <i>of</i> Remote sensing of land use and land cover, p. 225-242, https://doi.org/10.1201/b11964-21.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"242","ipdsId":"IP-025704","costCenters":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430756,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sohl, Terry 0000-0002-9771-4231","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":339876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":339877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":905498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70040106,"text":"70040106 - 2012 - Changes in sources and storage in a karst aquifer during a transition from drought to wet conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-09T17:16:16","indexId":"70040106","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in sources and storage in a karst aquifer during a transition from drought to wet conditions","docAbstract":"Understanding the sources and processes that control groundwater compositions and the timing and magnitude of groundwater vulnerability to potential surface-water contamination under varying meteorologic conditions is critical to informing groundwater protection policies and practices. This is especially true in karst terrains, where infiltrating surface water can rapidly affect groundwater quality. We analyzed the evolution of groundwater compositions (major ions and Sr isotopes) during the transition from extreme drought to wetconditions, and used inverse geochemical modeling (PHREEQC) to constrain controls on groundwater compositions during this evolution. Spring water and groundwater from two wells dominantly receiving diffuse and conduit flow (termed diffuse site and conduit site, respectively) in the Barton Springs segment of the Edwards aquifer (central Texas, USA) and surface water from losing streams that recharge the aquifer were sampled every 3&ndash;4 weeks during November 2008&ndash;March 2010. During this period, water compositions at the spring and conduit sites changed rapidly but there was no change at the diffuse site, illustrating the dual nature (i.e., diffuse vs. conduit) of flow in this karst system. Geochemical modeling demonstrated that, within a month of the onset of wetconditions, the majority of spring water and groundwater at the conduit site was composed of surface water, providing quantitative information on the timing and magnitude of the vulnerability of groundwater to potential surface-water contamination. The temporal pattern of increasing spring discharge and changing pattern of covariation between spring discharge and surface-water (steam) recharge indicates that that there were two modes of aquifer response&mdash;one with a small amount of storage and a second that accommodates more storage.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.08.030","usgsCitation":"Wong, C., Mahler, B., Musgrove, M., and Banner, J., 2012, Changes in sources and storage in a karst aquifer during a transition from drought to wet conditions: Journal of Hydrology, v. 468-469, p. 159-172, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.08.030.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"172","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262168,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":262165,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.08.030"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","volume":"468-469","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5066250ce4b053bff18e1be3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wong, C.I.","contributorId":98574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"C.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahler, B.J.","contributorId":36888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Musgrove, M.","contributorId":78933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musgrove","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Banner, J.L.","contributorId":95683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banner","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70040100,"text":"70040100 - 2012 - Optimal egg size in a suboptimal environment: reproductive ecology of female Sonora mud turtles (Kinosternon sonoriense) in central Arizona, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-28T17:16:18","indexId":"70040100","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":751,"text":"Amphibia-Reptilia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optimal egg size in a suboptimal environment: reproductive ecology of female Sonora mud turtles (Kinosternon sonoriense) in central Arizona, USA","docAbstract":"We studied the reproductive ecology of female Sonora mud turtles (Kinosternon sonoriense) at Montezuma Well, a chemically-challenging natural wetland in central Arizona, USA. Females matured between 115.5 and 125 mm carapace length (CL) and 36-54% produced eggs each year. Eggs were detected in X-radiographs from 23 April-28 September (2007-2008) and the highest proportion (56%) of adult females with eggs occurred in June and July. Clutch frequency was rarely more than once per year. Clutch size was weakly correlated with body size, ranged from 1-8 (mean = 4.96) and did not differ significantly between years. X-ray egg width ranged from 17.8-21.7 mm (mean 19.4 mm) and varied more among clutches than within. Mean X-ray egg width of a clutch did not vary significantly with CL of females, although X-ray pelvic aperture width increased with CL. We observed no evidence of a morphological constraint on egg width. In addition, greater variation in clutch size, relative to egg width, suggests that egg size is optimized in this hydrologically stable but chemically-challenging habitat. We suggest that the diversity of architectures exhibited by the turtle pelvis, and their associated lack of correspondence to taxonomic or behavioral groupings, explains some of the variation observed in egg size of turtles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Amphibia-Reptilia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Brill","publisherLocation":"Leiden, The Netherlands","doi":"10.1163/156853812X634035","usgsCitation":"Lovich, J.E., Madrak, S.V., Drost, C.A., Monatesti, A.J., Casper, D., and Znari, M., 2012, Optimal egg size in a suboptimal environment: reproductive ecology of female Sonora mud turtles (Kinosternon sonoriense) in central Arizona, USA: Amphibia-Reptilia, v. 33, p. 161-170, https://doi.org/10.1163/156853812X634035.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"170","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474341,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156853812x634035","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":262153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":262147,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853812X634035"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","volume":"33","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50662512e4b053bff18e1c01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madrak, Sheila V.","contributorId":7403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madrak","given":"Sheila","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drost, Charles A. 0000-0002-4792-7095 charles_drost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-7095","contributorId":3151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"Charles","email":"charles_drost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monatesti, Anthony J.","contributorId":103541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monatesti","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casper, Dennis","contributorId":65346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casper","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Znari, Mohammed","contributorId":42472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Znari","given":"Mohammed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70040074,"text":"70040074 - 2012 - Inferring local competition intensity from patch size distributions: a test using biological soil crusts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-02T16:23:25","indexId":"70040074","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inferring local competition intensity from patch size distributions: a test using biological soil crusts","docAbstract":"Dryland vegetation is inherently patchy. This patchiness goes on to impact ecology, hydrology, and biogeochemistry. Recently, researchers have proposed that dryland vegetation patch sizes follow a power law which is due to local plant facilitation. It is unknown what patch size distribution prevails when competition predominates over facilitation, or if such a pattern could be used to detect competition. We investigated this question in an alternative vegetation type, mosses and lichens of biological soil crusts, which exhibit a smaller scale patch-interpatch configuration. This micro-vegetation is characterized by competition for space. We proposed that multiplicative effects of genetics, environment and competition should result in a log-normal patch size distribution. When testing the prevalence of log-normal versus power law patch size distributions, we found that the log-normal was the better distribution in 53% of cases and a reasonable fit in 83%. In contrast, the power law was better in 39% of cases, and in 8% of instances both distributions fit equally well. We further hypothesized that the log-normal distribution parameters would be predictably influenced by competition strength. There was qualitative agreement between one of the distribution's parameters (&mu;) and a novel intransitive (lacking a 'best' competitor) competition index, suggesting that as intransitivity increases, patch sizes decrease. The correlation of &mu; with other competition indicators based on spatial segregation of species (the C-score) depended on aridity. In less arid sites, &mu; was negatively correlated with the C-score (suggesting smaller patches under stronger competition), while positive correlations (suggesting larger patches under stronger competition) were observed at more arid sites. We propose that this is due to an increasing prevalence of competition transitivity as aridity increases. These findings broaden the emerging theory surrounding dryland patch size distributions and, with refinement, may help us infer cryptic ecological processes from easily observed spatial patterns in the field.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oikos","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","usgsCitation":"Bowker, M.A., and Maestre, F.T., 2012, Inferring local competition intensity from patch size distributions: a test using biological soil crusts: Oikos, v. 121, no. 11, p. 1914-1922.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1914","endPage":"1922","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50662511e4b053bff18e1bfb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowker, Matthew A. mbowker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"Matthew","email":"mbowker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":467677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maestre, Fernando T.","contributorId":62450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maestre","given":"Fernando","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70040067,"text":"ofr20121201 - 2012 - Geophysical investigation of sentinel lakes in Lake, Seminole, Orange, and Volusia Counties, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-27T17:16:16","indexId":"ofr20121201","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1201","title":"Geophysical investigation of sentinel lakes in Lake, Seminole, Orange, and Volusia Counties, Florida","docAbstract":"This study was initiated in cooperation with the St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD) to investigate groundwater and surface-water interaction in designated sentinel lakes in central Florida. Sentinel lakes are a SJRWMD established set of priority water bodies (lakes) for which minimum flows and levels (MFLs) are determined. Understanding both the structure and lithology beneath these lakes can ultimately lead to a better understanding of the MFLs and why water levels fluctuate in certain lakes more so than in other lakes. These sentinel lakes have become important water bodies to use as water-fluctuation indicators in the SJRWMD Minimum Flows and Levels program and will be used to define long-term hydrologic and ecologic performance measures. Geologic control on lake hydrology remains poorly understood in this study area. Therefore, the U.S. Geological Survey investigated 16 of the 21 water bodies on the SJRWMD priority list. Geologic information was obtained by the tandem use of high-resolution seismic profiling (HRSP) and direct-current (DC) resistivity profiling to isolate both the geologic framework (structure) and composition (lithology). Previous HRSP surveys from various lakes in the study area have been successful in identifying karst features, such as subsidence sinkholes. However, by using this method only, it is difficult to image highly irregular or chaotic surfaces, such as collapse sinkholes. Resistivity profiling was used to complement HRSP by detecting porosity change within fractured or collapsed structures and increase the ability to fully characterize the subsurface. Lake Saunders (Lake County) is an example of a lake composed of a series of north-south-trending sinkholes that have joined to form one lake body. HRSP shows surface depressions and deformation in the substrate. Resistivity data likewise show areas in the southern part of the lake where resistivity shifts abruptly from approximately 400 ohm meters (ohm-m) along the edges to approximately 12 ohm-m in the center. These well-defined areas may indicate a \"ravel\" zone of increased porosity or clay content. Within Lake Helen (Volusia County), a parallel set of seismic reflectors within a host of chaotic reflectors may represent fill within a large sinkhole. The feature extends to more than 50 meters (m) deep and contains very steep pinnacles within the center. Seismic data in Lake Helen are supported by high resistivity values from adjacent continuous resistivity profiles that show possible center collapse within the lake and infilling of sandy material. When used together, HRSP and DC resistivity techniques provide a composite image of structure and lithology to detect potential conduits for fluid flow.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121201","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the St. Johns River Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Reich, C., Flocks, J., and Davis, J., 2012, Geophysical investigation of sentinel lakes in Lake, Seminole, Orange, and Volusia Counties, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1201, viii; 58 p.; PDF Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121201.","productDescription":"viii; 58 p.; PDF Appendix","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1201.gif"},{"id":262109,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1201/pdf/Reich_OFR2012_1201_appendix-sm.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":262107,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1201/pdf/Reich_OFR2012_1201-sm.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":262108,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1201/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Lake County;Marion County;Orange County;Seminole County;Sumter County;Volusia County","otherGeospatial":"Cherry Lake;Lake Louisa;Johns Lake;Lake Avalon;Lake Hiawassee;Crooked Lake;Prevatt Lake;Lake Saunders;Sylvan Lake;Trout Lake;Big Lake;Lake Colby;Lake Helen","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82,28.666666666666668 ], [ -82,29.25 ], [ -81,29.25 ], [ -81,28.666666666666668 ], [ -82,28.666666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50662510e4b053bff18e1bf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reich, Christopher","contributorId":12942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flocks, James","contributorId":62266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, Jeffrey","contributorId":20204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70040046,"text":"sir20125142 - 2012 - Estimation of baseline daily mean streamflows for ungaged locations on Pennsylvania streams, water years 1960-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T21:28:25","indexId":"sir20125142","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5142","title":"Estimation of baseline daily mean streamflows for ungaged locations on Pennsylvania streams, water years 1960-2008","docAbstract":"<p>Water-resource managers use daily mean streamflows to generate streamflow statistics and analyze streamflow conditions. An in-depth evaluation of flow regimes to promote instream ecological health often requires streamflow information obtainable only from a time series hydrograph. Historically, it has been difficult to estimate daily mean streamflow for an ungaged location. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Susquehanna River Basin Commission, and The Nature Conservancy, has developed the&nbsp;<strong>Ba</strong>seline&nbsp;<strong>S</strong>treamflow&nbsp;<strong>E</strong>stimator (BaSE) to estimate baseline streamflow at a daily time scale for ungaged streams in Pennsylvania using data collected during water years 1960&ndash;2008. Baseline streamflow is minimally altered by regulation, diversion, or mining, and other anthropogenic activities. Daily mean streamflow is estimated in BaSE using a methodology that equates streamflow as a percentile from a flow duration curve for a particular day at an ungaged location with streamflow as a percentile from the flow duration curve for the same day at a reference streamgage that is considered to be hydrologically similar to the ungaged location. An appropriate reference streamgage is selected using map correlation, in which variogram models are developed that correlate streamflow at one streamgage with streamflows at all other streamgages. The percentiles from a flow duration curve for the ungaged location are converted to streamflow through the use of regression equations. Regression equations used to predict 17 flow-duration exceedance probabilities were developed for Pennsylvania using geographic information system-derived basin characteristics. The standard error of prediction for the regression equations ranged from 11&nbsp;percent to 92&nbsp;percent with the mean of 31&nbsp;percent.</p>\n<p>The map correlation method for estimating streamflow was tested at locations within two pilot basins, the Upper Delaware River Basin and the Lower Susquehanna River Basin, before being applied statewide. Reference streamgages within the pilot basins were used as ungaged locations for analyzing the map correlation method. Correlation using Spearman&rsquo;s rho and centroid distance performed as well as, or better than, the method using the closest streamgage as a reference streamgage. Map correlation using the correlation metrics identified in the pilot basins was applied to 156 streamgages in and near&nbsp;Pennsylvania.</p>\n<p>BaSE uses the map correlation method and flow-duration exceedance probability regression equations to estimate baseline daily mean streamflow for an ungaged location. The output from BaSE is a Microsoft Excel&reg; report file that summarizes the reference streamgage and ungaged location information, including basin characteristics, percent difference in basin characteristics between the two locations, any warning associated with the basin characteristics, mean and median streamflow for the ungaged location, and a daily hydrograph of streamflow for water years 1960&ndash;2008 for the ungaged location. The daily mean streamflow for the ungaged location can be exported as a text file to be used as input into other statistical software packages. BaSE estimates daily mean streamflow for baseline conditions only, and any alterations to streamflow from regulation, large water use, or substantial mining are not reflected in the estimated&nbsp;streamflow.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125142","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, the Susquehanna River Basin Commission, and The Nature Conservancy","usgsCitation":"Stuckey, M.H., Koerkle, E.H., and Ulrich, J.E., 2012, Estimation of baseline daily mean streamflows for ungaged locations on Pennsylvania streams, water years 1960-2008 (First posted September 26, 2012; Revised and reposted August 11, 2014, version 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5142, Report: viii, 56 p.; Appendix 5; Baseline Streamflow Estimator (v1.1), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125142.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 56 p.; Appendix 5; Baseline Streamflow Estimator (v1.1)","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1959-10-01","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291958,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20125142.png"},{"id":262076,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5142/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":262078,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5142/support/sir2012-5142-appendix5.pdf","text":"Appendix 5","size":"1.92 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 5"},{"id":291957,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5142/support/BaSE_v.1.1.zip","text":"Baseline Streamflow Estimator (v1.1)","size":"16.8 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,{"id":70040050,"text":"ofr20111209 - 2012 - Data visualization, time-series analysis, and mass-balance modeling of hydrologic and water-quality data for the McTier Creek watershed, South Carolina, 2007-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T14:49:32","indexId":"ofr20111209","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1209","title":"Data visualization, time-series analysis, and mass-balance modeling of hydrologic and water-quality data for the McTier Creek watershed, South Carolina, 2007-2009","docAbstract":"The McTier Creek watershed is located in the headwaters of the Edisto River Basin, which is in the Coastal Plain region of South Carolina. The Edisto ecosystem has some of the highest recorded fish-tissue mercury concentrations in the United States. In an effort to advance the understanding of the fate and transport of mercury in stream ecosystems, the U.S. Geological Survey, as part of its National Water-Quality Assessment Program, initiated a field investigation of mercury in the McTier Creek watershed in 2006. The initial efforts of the investigation included the collection of extensive hydrologic and water-quality field data, along with the development of several hydrologic and water-quality models. This series of measured and modeled data forms the primary source of information for this investigation to assess the fate and transport of mercury within the McTier Creek watershed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111209","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Exposure Research Laboratory","usgsCitation":"Benedict, S., Conrads, P., Feaster, T., Journey, C.A., Golden, H., Knightes, C.D., Davis, G.M., and Bradley, P.M., 2012, Data visualization, time-series analysis, and mass-balance modeling of hydrologic and water-quality data for the McTier Creek watershed, South Carolina, 2007-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1209, vi, 21 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111209.","productDescription":"vi, 21 p.; col. ill.; maps 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tfeaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5626-5011","contributorId":1109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feaster","given":"Toby D.","email":"tfeaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":467564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":467565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Golden, Heather E.","contributorId":94914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"Heather E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knightes, Christopher D.","contributorId":32666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knightes","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Davis, Gary M.","contributorId":12741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70040009,"text":"70040009 - 2012 - The influence of reservoirs, climate, land use and hydrologic conditions on loads and chemical quality of dissolved organic carbon in the Colorado River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-03T15:38:14","indexId":"70040009","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of reservoirs, climate, land use and hydrologic conditions on loads and chemical quality of dissolved organic carbon in the Colorado River","docAbstract":"Longitudinal patterns in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) loads and chemical quality were identified in the Colorado River from the headwaters in the Rocky Mountains to the United States-Mexico border from 1994 to 2011. Watershed- and reach-scale climate, land use, river discharge and hydrologic modification conditions that contribute to patterns in DOC were also identified. Principal components analysis (PCA) identified site-specific precipitation and reach-scale discharge as being correlated with sites in the upper basin, where there were increases in DOC load from the upstream to downstream direction. In the lower basin, where DOC load decreased from upstream to downstream, sites were correlated with site-specific temperature and reach-scale population, urban land use and hydrologic modification. In the reaches containing Lakes Powell and Mead, the two largest reservoirs in the United States, DOC quantity decreased, terrestrially derived aromatic DOC was degraded and/or autochthonous less aromatic DOC was produced. Taken together, these results suggest that longitudinal patterns in the relatively unregulated upper basin are influenced by watershed inputs of water and DOC, whereas DOC patterns in the lower basin are reflective of a balance between watershed contribution of water and DOC to the river and loss of water and DOC due to hydrologic modification and/or biogeochemical processes. These findings suggest that alteration of constituent fluxes in rivers that are highly regulated may overshadow watershed processes that would control fluxes in comparable unregulated rivers. Further, these results provide a foundation for detailed assessments of factors controlling the transport and chemical quality of DOC in the Colorado River.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2012WR012312","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., 2012, The influence of reservoirs, climate, land use and hydrologic conditions on loads and chemical quality of dissolved organic carbon in the Colorado River: Water Resources Research, v. 48, no. 12, W00M02; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2012WR012312.","productDescription":"W00M02; 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474347,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012wr012312","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":262038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico,Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.5,31.5 ], [ -116.5,44 ], [ -104.5,44 ], [ -104.5,31.5 ], [ -116.5,31.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"48","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5091ce4b0e8fec6cea21b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823 mamiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":3919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew","email":"mamiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039989,"text":"ofr20121136 - 2012 - Assessment of soil-gas contamination at building 310 underground storage tank area, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2010-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T14:58:38","indexId":"ofr20121136","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1136","title":"Assessment of soil-gas contamination at building 310 underground storage tank area, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2010-2011","docAbstract":"Soil gas was assessed for contaminants in the building 310 underground storage tank area adjacent to the Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center at Ft. Gordon, Georgia, from October 2010 to September 2011. The assessment, which also included the detection of organic compounds in soil gas, provides environmental contamination data to Fort Gordon personnel pursuant to requirements of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Part B Hazardous Waste Permit process. The study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon. Soil-gas samplers were deployed below land surface at 37 locations in the building 310 underground storage tank area. Soil-gas samplers were deployed in a grid pattern near the storage tank area as well as downslope of the tank area in the direction of groundwater flow toward an unnamed tributary to Butler Creek. Total petroleum hydrocarbons were detected in 35 of the 37 soil-gas samplers at levels above the method detection level, and the combined mass of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and total xylenes were detected above their detection levels in 8 of the 37 samplers. In addition, the combined masses of undecane, tridecane, and pentadecane were detected at or above their method detection levels in 9 of the 37 samplers. Other volatile organic compounds detected above their respective method detection levels were chloroform, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, and perchloroethylene. In addition, naphthalene, 2-methyl naphthalene, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene were detected below the method detection levels, but above the nondetection level.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121136","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon","usgsCitation":"Guimaraes, W.B., Falls, W.F., Caldwell, A.W., Ratliff, W.H., Wellborn, J.B., and Landmeyer, J., 2012, Assessment of soil-gas contamination at building 310 underground storage tank area, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2010-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1136, iv; 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121136.","productDescription":"iv; 29 p.","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1136.gif"},{"id":261990,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1136/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":261991,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1136/pdf/ofr2012-1136.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Augusta","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.41666666666667,32.25 ], [ -82.41666666666667,32.5 ], [ -82,32.5 ], [ -82,32.25 ], [ -82.41666666666667,32.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505c6c27e4b046a25ba343a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guimaraes, Wladmir B. wbguimar@usgs.gov","contributorId":3818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guimaraes","given":"Wladmir","email":"wbguimar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falls, W. Fred 0000-0003-2928-9795 wffalls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2928-9795","contributorId":107754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falls","given":"W.","email":"wffalls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Fred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caldwell, Andral W. 0000-0003-1269-5463 acaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-5463","contributorId":3228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Andral","email":"acaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ratliff, W. Hagan","contributorId":60347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratliff","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Hagan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wellborn, John B.","contributorId":24822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wellborn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Landmeyer, James 0000-0002-5640-3816 jlandmey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5640-3816","contributorId":3257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"James","email":"jlandmey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70039971,"text":"fs20123119 - 2012 - Flood inundation map library, Fort Kent, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-19T17:16:46","indexId":"fs20123119","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3119","title":"Flood inundation map library, Fort Kent, Maine","docAbstract":"Severe flooding occurred in northern Maine from April 28 to May 1, 2008, and damage was extensive in the town of Fort Kent (Lombard, 2010). Aroostook County was declared a Federal disaster area on May 9, 2008. The extent of flooding on both the Fish and St. John Rivers during this event showed that the current Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Study (FIS) and Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) (Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1979) were out of date. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a study to develop a flood inundation map library showing the areas and depths for a range of flood stages from bankfull to the flood of record for Fort Kent to complement an updated FIS (Federal Emergency Management Agency, in press). Hydrologic analyses that support the maps include computer models with and without the levee and with various depths of backwater on the Fish River. This fact sheet describes the methods used to develop the maps and describes how the maps can be accessed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123119","usgsCitation":"Lombard, P., 2012, Flood inundation map library, Fort Kent, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3119, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123119.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3119.gif"},{"id":261960,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3119/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":261961,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3119/pdf/FS2012-3119_lombard_508.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","city":"Fort Kent","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -68.75,47 ], [ -68.75,47.4 ], [ -68.25,47.4 ], [ -68.25,47 ], [ -68.75,47 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50dcea7ce4b0d55926e41aa6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lombard, Pamela J. 0000-0002-0983-1906","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0983-1906","contributorId":23899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lombard","given":"Pamela J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039912,"text":"sir20125181 - 2012 - Streamflow gain and loss and water quality in the upper Nueces River Basin, south-central Texas, 2008-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T08:37:28","indexId":"sir20125181","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5181","title":"Streamflow gain and loss and water quality in the upper Nueces River Basin, south-central Texas, 2008-10","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey-in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, The Nature Conservancy, the Real Edwards Conservation and Reclamation District, and the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department-investigated streamflow gain and loss and water quality in the upper Nueces River Basin, south-central Texas, specifically in the watersheds of the West Nueces, Nueces, Dry Frio, Frio, and Sabinal Rivers upstream from the Edwards aquifer outcrop. Streamflow in these rivers is sustained by groundwater contributions (for example, from springs) and storm runoff from rainfall events. To date (2012), there are few data available that describe streamflow and water-quality conditions of the rivers within the upper Nueces River Basin. This report describes streamflow gain-loss characteristics from three reconnaissance-level synoptic measurement surveys (hereinafter referred to as \"surveys\") during 2008-10 in the upper Nueces River Basin. To help characterize the hydrology, groundwater-level measurements were made, and water-quality samples were collected from both surface-water and groundwater sites in the study area from two surveys during 2009-10. The hydrologic (streamflow, springflow, and groundwater) measurements were made during three reconnaissance-level synoptic measurement surveys occurring in July 21-23, 2008; August 8-18, 2009; and March 22-24, 2010. These survey periods were selected to represent different hydrologic conditions. Streamflow gains and losses were based on streamflow and springflow measurements made at 74 sites in the study area, although not all sites were measured during each survey. Possible water chemistry relations among sample types (streamflow, springflow, or groundwater), between surveys, and among watersheds were examined using water-quality samples collected from as many as 20 sites in the study area.</p>\n<p>During the three surveys, reaches of gaining, losing, or no verifiable change in streamflow were observed in the watersheds in the study area. Reaches of generally consistent gaining or losing streamflow were identified in the Nueces, Frio, and Sabinal River watersheds. The water-quality data indicate that the streamflow, springflow, and groundwater have similar major ion chemical characteristics and generally can be categorized as a calcium-carbonate water type. Those data also indicate that the major ion chemistry was similar during the 2009 and 2010 surveys. Graphical comparisons among ratios of major ions, trace elements, and isotopes (for example, magnesium/calcium ratios to strontium isotopic ratios) indicate that samples collected from each watershed generally clustered together. Determining the source areas and other possible contributors on the basis of these data is not possible because of the small sample size of the water-quality dataset (both in number of samples and spatial distribution of samples). The different relations among the water-quality data indicate that the surface water in the different watersheds is likely influenced by differences in source areas, geochemical evolution, groundwater flow paths and residence time, local stratigraphy, or some combination thereof.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125181","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, The Nature Conservancy, the Real Edwards Conservation and Reclamation District, and theTexas Parks and Wildlife Department","usgsCitation":"Banta, J., Lambert, R.B., Slattery, R.N., and Ockerman, D.J., 2012, Streamflow gain and loss and water quality in the upper Nueces River Basin, south-central Texas, 2008-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5181, vi, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125181.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5181.gif"},{"id":261881,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5181/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":261882,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5181/pdf/sir2012-5181_gjs-9-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 14","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Bandera County, Edwards County, Kerr County, Kinney County, Real County, Uvalde County","otherGeospatial":"Upper Nueces River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.66666666666667,29.333333333333332 ], [ -100.66666666666667,33.166666666666664 ], [ -99.41666666666667,33.166666666666664 ], [ -99.41666666666667,29.333333333333332 ], [ -100.66666666666667,29.333333333333332 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9aefe4b08c986b31cbbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, J. Ryan 0000-0002-2226-7270","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-7270","contributorId":78863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"J. Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambert, Rebecca B. 0000-0002-0611-1591 blambert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0611-1591","contributorId":1135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"Rebecca","email":"blambert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slattery, Richard N. 0000-0002-9141-9776 rnslatte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-9776","contributorId":2471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slattery","given":"Richard","email":"rnslatte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ockerman, Darwin J. 0000-0003-1958-1688 ockerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1688","contributorId":1579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ockerman","given":"Darwin","email":"ockerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70039893,"text":"ofr20121160 - 2012 - Assessment of groundwater, soil-gas, and soil contamination at the Vietnam Armor Training Facility, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2009-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T14:58:11","indexId":"ofr20121160","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1160","title":"Assessment of groundwater, soil-gas, and soil contamination at the Vietnam Armor Training Facility, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2009-2011","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon, Georgia, assessed the groundwater, soil gas, and soil for contaminants at the Vietnam Armor Training Facility (VATF) at Fort Gordon, from October 2009 to September 2011. The assessment included the detection of organic compounds in the groundwater and soil gas, and inorganic compounds in the soil. In addition, organic contaminant assessment included organic compounds classified as explosives and chemical agents in selected areas. The assessment was conducted to provide environmental contamination data to the U.S. Army at Fort Gordon pursuant to requirements of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Part B Hazardous Waste Permit process. This report is a revision of \"Assessment of soil-gas, surface-water, and soil contamination at the Vietnam Armor Training Facility, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2009-2010,\" Open-File Report 2011-1200, and supersedes that report to include results of additional samples collected in July 2011. Four passive samplers were deployed in groundwater wells at the VATF in Fort Gordon. Total petroleum hydrocarbons and benzene and octane were detected above the method detection level at all four wells. The only other volatile organic compounds detected above their method detection level were undecane and pentadecane, which were detected in two of the four wells. Soil-gas samplers were deployed at 72 locations in a grid pattern across the VATF on June 3, 2010, and then later retrieved on June 9, 2010. Total petroleum hydrocarbons were detected in 71 of the 72 samplers (one sampler was destroyed in the field and not analyzed) at levels above the method detection level, and the combined mass of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and total xylene (BTEX) was detected above the detection level in 31 of the 71 samplers that were analyzed. Other volatile organic compounds detected above their respective method detection levels were naphthalene, 2-methyl-naphthalene, tridecane, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, and perchloroethylene. After the results of the 71 soil-gas samplers were received, 31 additional passive soil-gas samplers were deployed on July 14, 2011, and retrieved on July 18, 2011. These 31 samplers were deployed on a larger areal scale to better define the extent of the contamination. Total petroleum hydrocarbons were detected above their method detection level at all 31 samplers, whereas BTEX was detected above its method detection level at 17 of the 31 samplers. Other organic compounds detected above their method detection levels were naphthalene, 2-methyl-naphthalene, octane, undecane, tridecane, pentadecane, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, chloroform, and perchloroethylene. Subsequent to the 2010 soil-gas survey, four areas determined to have elevated contaminant mass were selected and sampled for explosives and chemical agents. No detections of explosives or chemical agents above their respective method detection levels were found at any of the sampling locations. The same four locations that were sampled for explosives and chemical agents were selected for the collection of soil samples. A fifth location also was selected on the basis of the elevated contaminant mass of the soil-gas survey. No metals that exceeded the Regional Screening Levels for Industrial Soils, as classified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, were detected at any of the five VATF locations. The soil samples also were compared to values from the ambient, uncontaminated (background) levels for soils in South Carolina, as classified by the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control. Because South Carolina is adjacent to Georgia and the soils in the Coastal Plain are similar, these comparisons are valid. No similar values are available for Georgia to use for comparison purposes. The metals that were detected above the ambient background levels for South Carolina, as classified by the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, include aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, sodium, and zinc.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121160","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon","usgsCitation":"Guimaraes, W.B., Falls, W.F., Caldwell, A.W., Ratliff, W.H., Wellborn, J.B., and Landmeyer, J., 2012, Assessment of groundwater, soil-gas, and soil contamination at the Vietnam Armor Training Facility, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2009-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1160, vi, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121160.","productDescription":"vi, 56 p.","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1160.gif"},{"id":261863,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1160/pdf/ofr2012-1160.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":261862,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1160/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Fort Gordon","otherGeospatial":"Vietnam Armor Training Facility","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.40295410156249,\n              33.23868752757414\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.4036407470703,\n              33.46638955379554\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.08333333333333,\n              33.46666666666667\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.08572387695312,\n              33.23409295522519\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.40295410156249,\n              33.23868752757414\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee37e4b0c8380cd49c22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guimaraes, Wladmir B. wbguimar@usgs.gov","contributorId":3818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guimaraes","given":"Wladmir","email":"wbguimar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falls, W. Fred 0000-0003-2928-9795 wffalls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2928-9795","contributorId":107754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falls","given":"W.","email":"wffalls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Fred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caldwell, Andral W. 0000-0003-1269-5463 acaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-5463","contributorId":3228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Andral","email":"acaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ratliff, W. Hagan","contributorId":60347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratliff","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Hagan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wellborn, John B.","contributorId":24822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wellborn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Landmeyer, James 0000-0002-5640-3816 jlandmey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5640-3816","contributorId":3257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"James","email":"jlandmey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70039876,"text":"ds696 - 2012 - Groundwater data for selected wells within the Eastern San Joaquin Groundwater Subbasin, California, 2003-8","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T13:53:20.076361","indexId":"ds696","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"696","title":"Groundwater data for selected wells within the Eastern San Joaquin Groundwater Subbasin, California, 2003-8","docAbstract":"Data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey from 2003 through 2008 in the Eastern San Joaquin Groundwater Subbasin, 80 miles east of San Francisco, California, as part of a study of the increasing chloride concentrations in groundwater processes. Data collected include geologic, geophysical, chemical, and hydrologic data collected during and after the installation of five multiple-well monitoring sites, from three existing multiple-well sites, and from 79 selected public-supply, irrigation, and domestic wells. Each multiple-well monitoring site installed as part of this study contained three to five 2-inch diameter polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-cased wells ranging in depth from 68 to 880 feet below land surface. Continuous water-level data were collected from the 19 wells installed at these 5 sites and from 10 existing monitoring wells at 3 additional multiple-well sites in the study area. Thirty-one electromagnetic logs were collected seasonally from the deepest PVC-cased monitoring well at seven multiple-well sites. About 200 water samples were collected from 79 wells in the study area. Coupled well-bore flow data and depth-dependent water-quality data were collected from 12 production wells under pumped conditions, and well-bore flow data were collected from 10 additional wells under unpumped conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds696","usgsCitation":"Clark, D.A., Izbicki, J., Metzger, L.F., Everett, R., Smith, G.A., O’Leary, D.R., Teague, N.F., and Burgess, M.K., 2012, Groundwater data for selected wells within the Eastern San Joaquin Groundwater Subbasin, California, 2003-8: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 696, xii, 154 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds696.","productDescription":"xii, 154 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261840,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/696/pdf/ds696.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":261839,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/696/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":261841,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_696.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Eastern San Joaquin Groundwater Subbasin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.5,37.5 ], [ -121.5,38.5 ], [ -120.5,38.5 ], [ -120.5,37.5 ], [ -121.5,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2d9ae4b0c8380cd5bf52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Dennis A. daclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Dennis","email":"daclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":467119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":1375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John A.","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":467117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Metzger, Loren F. 0000-0003-2454-2966 lmetzger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2454-2966","contributorId":1378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"Loren","email":"lmetzger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":467118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Everett, Rhett R. 0000-0001-7983-6270 reverett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7983-6270","contributorId":843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Everett","given":"Rhett R.","email":"reverett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":467116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Gregory A. 0000-0001-8170-9924 gasmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8170-9924","contributorId":1520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Gregory","email":"gasmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":467120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Leary, David R. 0000-0001-9888-1739 doleary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9888-1739","contributorId":2143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Leary","given":"David","email":"doleary@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Teague, Nicholas F. 0000-0001-5289-1210 nteague@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-1210","contributorId":2145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teague","given":"Nicholas","email":"nteague@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Burgess, Matthew K. 0000-0002-2828-8910 mburgess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2828-8910","contributorId":2115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgess","given":"Matthew","email":"mburgess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70039859,"text":"70039859 - 2012 - Effects of flow regime on stream turbidity and suspended solids after wildfire, Colorado Front Range ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T17:00:42","indexId":"70039859","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5644,"text":"IAHS Red Book","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":19}},"seriesNumber":"354","title":"Effects of flow regime on stream turbidity and suspended solids after wildfire, Colorado Front Range ","docAbstract":"<p>Wildfires occur frequently in the Colorado Front Range and can alter the hydrological response of watersheds, yet little information exists on the impact of flow regime and storm events on post-wildfire water quality. The flow regime in the region is characterized by base-flow conditions during much of the year and increased runoff during spring snowmelt and summer convective storms. The impact of snowmelt and storm events on stream discharge and water quality was evaluated for about a year after a wildfire near Boulder, Colorado, USA. During spring snowmelt and low-intensity storms, differences in discharge and turbidity at sites upstream and downstream from the burned areas were minimal. However, high-intensity convective storms resulted in dramatic increases in discharge and turbidity at sites downstream from the burned area. This study highlights the importance of using high-frequency sampling to assess accurately wildfire impacts on water quality downstream.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildfire and water quality: Processes, impacts and challenges (IAHS Red Book no. 354)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Wildfire and Water Quality: Processes, Impacts and Challenges","conferenceDate":"June 11-14, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Banff, AB","language":"English","publisher":"IAHS Publications","publisherLocation":"Oxfordshire, U.K.","isbn":"978-1-907161-32-2","usgsCitation":"Murphy, S.F., McCleskey, R.B., and Writer, J.H., 2012, Effects of flow regime on stream turbidity and suspended solids after wildfire, Colorado Front Range , <i>in</i> Wildfire and water quality: Processes, impacts and challenges (IAHS Red Book no. 354), v. 354, Banff, AB, June 11-14, 2012, p. 51-58.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"58","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":261806,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":1,"text":"Abstract"},"url":"https://iahs.info/uploads/dms/16021.354%20Abstracts%2011.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":352230,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://iahs.info/Publications-News.do?category=7","text":"IAHS Publications Search"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Front Range","volume":"354","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0844e4b0c8380cd51a55","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stone, Mike","contributorId":24267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stone","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34246,"text":"University of Waterloo, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730284,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collins, Adrian","contributorId":201050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Adrian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730285,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thoms, Martin C. 0000-0002-8074-0476","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-0476","contributorId":145710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thoms","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16205,"text":"Riverine Landscapes Research Laboratory, University of New England, NSW, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730286,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, Sheila F. 0000-0002-5481-3635 sfmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-3635","contributorId":1854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sheila","email":"sfmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Writer, Jeffrey H. jwriter@usgs.gov","contributorId":1393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Writer","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwriter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":467081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039853,"text":"70039853 - 2012 - Sediment fluxes from California Coastal Rivers: the influences of climate, geology, and topography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-17T11:09:53","indexId":"70039853","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment fluxes from California Coastal Rivers: the influences of climate, geology, and topography","docAbstract":"The influences of geologic and climatic factors on erosion and sedimentation processes in rivers draining the western flank of the California Coast Range are assessed. Annual suspended, bedload, and total sediment fluxes were determined for 16 river basins that have hydrologic records covering all or most of the period from 1950 to 2006 and have been relatively unaffected by flow storage, regulation, and depletion, which alter the downstream movement of water and sediment. The occurrence of relatively large annual sediment fluxes are strongly influenced by the El Nino&ndash;Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The frequency of relatively large annual sediment fluxes decreases from north to south during La Nina phases and increases from north to south during El Nino phases. The influence of ENSO is modulated over a period of decades by the PDO, such that relatively large annual sediment fluxes are more frequent during a La Nina phase in conjunction with a cool PDO and during an El Nino phase in conjunction with a warm PDO. Values of mean annual sediment flux, , were regressed against basin and climatic characteristics. Basin area, bedrock erodibility, basin relief, and precipitation explain 87% of the variation in from the 16 river basins. Bedrock erodibility is the most significant characteristic influencing . Basin relief is a superior predictor of compared with basin slope. is nearly proportional to basin area and increases with increasing precipitation. For a given percentage change, basin relief has a 2.3-fold greater effect on than a similar change in precipitation. The estimated natural from all California coastal rivers for the period 1950&ndash;2006 would have been approximately 85 million tons without flow storage, regulation, and depletion; the actual has been approximately 50 million tons, because of the effects of flow storage, regulation, and depletion.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","publisherLocation":"Chicago, IL","usgsCitation":"Andrews, E., and Antweiler, R.C., 2012, Sediment fluxes from California Coastal Rivers: the influences of climate, geology, and topography: Journal of Geology, v. 120, no. 4, p. 349-366.","startPage":"349","endPage":"366","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":261808,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/665733","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"120","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8989e4b08c986b316e14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, E.D.","contributorId":13922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039849,"text":"sir20125179 - 2012 - Hydrologic and water-quality conditions in the lower Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint and parts of the Aucilla-Suwannee-Ochlockonee River basins in Georgia and adjacent parts of Florida and Alabama during drought conditions, July 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T20:28:41","indexId":"sir20125179","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5179","title":"Hydrologic and water-quality conditions in the lower Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint and parts of the Aucilla-Suwannee-Ochlockonee River basins in Georgia and adjacent parts of Florida and Alabama during drought conditions, July 2011","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Department of the Interior sustainable water strategy, WaterSMART, the U.S. Geological Survey documented hydrologic and water-quality conditions in the lower Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint and western and central Aucilla-Suwannee-Ochlockonee River basins in Alabama, Florida, and Georgia during low-flow conditions in July 2011. Moderate-drought conditions prevailed in this area during early 2011 and worsened to exceptional by June, with cumulative rainfall departures from the 1981-2010 climate normals registering deficits ranging from 17 to 27 inches. As a result, groundwater levels and stream discharges measured below median daily levels throughout most of 2011. Water-quality field properties including temperature, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, and pH were measured at selected surface-water sites. Record-low groundwater levels measured in 12 of 43 surficial aquifer wells and 128 of 312 Upper Floridan aquifer wells during July 2011 underscored the severity of drought conditions in the study area. Most wells recorded groundwater levels below the median daily statistic, and 7 surficial aquifer wells were dry. Groundwater-level measurements taken in July 2011 were used to determine the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer. Groundwater generally flows to the south and toward streams except in reaches where streams discharge to the aquifer. The degree of connection between the Upper Floridan aquifer and streams decreases east of the Flint River where thick overburden hydraulically separates the aquifer from stream interaction. Hydraulic separation of the Upper Floridan aquifer from streams located east of the Flint River is shown by stream-stage altitudes that differ from groundwater levels measured in close proximity to streams. Most streams located in the study area during 2011 exhibited below normal flows (streamflows less than the 25th percentile), substantiating the severity of drought conditions that year. Streamflow and springflow measured at 202 sites along 2,122 stream miles during July 20-24, 2011, identified about 286 miles of losing streams, about 1,230 miles of gaining streams, and about 606 miles of streams with no flow. Water-quality field properties measured at 123 stream and 5 spring sites during July 2011 yielded water temperatures ranging from 20.6 to 31.6 degrees Celsius, dissolved oxygen ranging from 0.47 to 9.98 milligrams per liter, specific conductance ranging from 13 to 834 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, and pH ranging from 3.6 to 8.03.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125179","usgsCitation":"Gordon, D., Peck, M., and Painter, J.A., 2012, Hydrologic and water-quality conditions in the lower Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint and parts of the Aucilla-Suwannee-Ochlockonee River basins in Georgia and adjacent parts of Florida and Alabama during drought conditions, July 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5179, vi, 69 p.; Appendix (1 Map): 20 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125179.","productDescription":"vi, 69 p.; Appendix (1 Map): 20 x 24 inches","numberOfPages":"79","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5179.jpg"},{"id":261802,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5179/pdf/sir2012-5179.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":261803,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5179/pdf/sir2012-5179-appendix.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":261801,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5179/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin, Aucilla-Suwannee-Ochlockonee River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.75,29.5 ], [ -85.75,32.5 ], [ -82.75,32.5 ], [ -82.75,29.5 ], [ -85.75,29.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3560e4b0c8380cd5fe7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gordon, Debbie W. 0000-0002-5195-6657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5195-6657","contributorId":79591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"Debbie W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peck, Michael F. mfpeck@usgs.gov","contributorId":1467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Michael F.","email":"mfpeck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Painter, Jaime A. 0000-0001-8883-9158 jpainter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8883-9158","contributorId":1466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"Jaime","email":"jpainter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70208439,"text":"70208439 - 2012 - Aspect control of water movement on hillslopes near the rain–snow transition of the Colorado Front Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-10T10:43:17","indexId":"70208439","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-07T10:20:48","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aspect control of water movement on hillslopes near the rain–snow transition of the Colorado Front Range","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the Colorado Front Range, forested catchments near the rain–snow transition are likely to experience changes in snowmelt delivery and subsurface water transport with climate warming and associated shifts in precipitation patterns. Snowpack dynamics are strongly affected by aspect: Lodgepole pine forested north‐facing slopes develop a seasonal snowpack, whereas Ponderosa pine‐dotted south‐facing slopes experience intermittent snow accumulation throughout winter and spring. We tested the degree to which these contrasting water input patterns cause different near‐surface hydrologic response on north‐facing and south‐facing hillslopes during the snowmelt period. During spring snowmelt, we applied lithium bromide (LiBr) tracer to instrumented plots along a north–south catchment transect. Bromide broke through immediately at 10‐ and 30‐cm depths on the north‐facing slope and was transported out of soil waters within 40 days. On the south‐facing slope, Br</span><sup>−</sup><span>&nbsp;was transported to significant depths only during spring storms and remained above the detection limit throughout the study. Modelling of unsaturated zone hydrologic response using Hydrus‐1D corroborated these aspect‐driven differences in subsurface transport. Our multiple lines of evidence suggest that north‐facing slopes are dominated by connected flow through the soil matrix, whereas south‐facing slope soils experience brief periods of rapid vertical transport following snowmelt events and are drier overall than north‐facing slopes. These differences in hydrologic response were largely a function of energy‐driven differences in water supply, emphasizing the importance of aspect and climate forcing when considering contributions of water and solutes to streamflow in catchments near the snow line.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","doi":"10.1002/hyp.9549","usgsCitation":"Hinckley, E.S., Ebel, B.A., Barnes, R.T., Anderson, R., Williams, M., and Anderson, S., 2012, Aspect control of water movement on hillslopes near the rain–snow transition of the Colorado Front Range: Hydrological Processes, v. 28, no. 1, p. 74-85, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9549.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"74","endPage":"85","ipdsId":"IP-033806","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372182,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Front Range, Gordon Gulch","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.51681518554688,\n              40.005001798743315\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.43647766113281,\n              40.005001798743315\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.43647766113281,\n              40.0517964064166\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.51681518554688,\n              40.0517964064166\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.51681518554688,\n              40.005001798743315\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinckley, Eve-Lyn S.","contributorId":181894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinckley","given":"Eve-Lyn","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":2557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnes, R. T.","contributorId":181895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, R.S","contributorId":198358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.S","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, M.W.","contributorId":15565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anderson, S.P.","contributorId":59600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70039840,"text":"sir20125137 - 2012 - Development of a flood-warning system and flood-inundation mapping in Licking County, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-07T17:16:30","indexId":"sir20125137","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5137","title":"Development of a flood-warning system and flood-inundation mapping in Licking County, Ohio","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for selected reaches of South Fork Licking River, Raccoon Creek, North Fork Licking River, and the Licking River in Licking County, Ohio, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Ohio Department of Transportation; U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration; Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service; and the City of Newark and Village of Granville, Ohio. The inundation maps depict estimates of the areal extent of flooding corresponding to water levels (stages) at the following USGS streamgages: South Fork Licking River at Heath, Ohio (03145173); Raccoon Creek below Wilson Street at Newark, Ohio (03145534); North Fork Licking River at East Main Street at Newark, Ohio (03146402); and Licking River near Newark, Ohio (03146500). The maps were provided to the National Weather Service (NWS) for incorporation into a Web-based flood-warning system that can be used in conjunction with NWS flood-forecast data to show areas of predicted flood inundation associated with forecasted flood-peak stages. As part of the flood-warning streamflow network, the USGS re-installed one streamgage on North Fork Licking River, and added three new streamgages, one each on North Fork Licking River, South Fork Licking River, and Raccoon Creek. Additionally, the USGS upgraded a lake-level gage on Buckeye Lake. Data from the streamgages and lake-level gage can be used by emergency-management personnel, in conjunction with the flood-inundation maps, to help determine a course of action when flooding is imminent. Flood profiles for selected reaches were prepared by calibrating steady-state step-backwater models to selected, established streamgage rating curves. The step-backwater models then were used to determine water-surface-elevation profiles for up to 10 flood stages at a streamgage with corresponding streamflows ranging from approximately the 50 to 0.2-percent chance annual-exceedance probabilities for each of the 4 streamgages that correspond to the flood-inundation maps. The computed flood profiles were used in combination with digital elevation data to delineate flood-inundation areas. Maps of Licking County showing flood-inundation areas overlain on digital orthophotographs are presented for the selected floods. The USGS also developed an unsteady-flow model for a reach of South Fork Licking River for use by the NWS to enhance their ability to provide advanced flood warning in the region north of Buckeye Lake, Ohio. The unsteady-flow model was calibrated based on data from four flooding events that occurred from June 2008 to December 2011. Model calibration was approximate due to the fact that there were unmeasured inflows to the river that were not able to be considered during the calibration. Information on unmeasured inflow derived from NWS hydrologic models and additional flood-event data could enable the NWS to further refine the unsteady-flow model.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125137","collaboration":"39 plates (PDF and JPEG formats) available through the index page link displayed at the top of this record. Prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Department of Transportation; U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration; Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service; and the City of Newark and Village of Granville, Ohio","usgsCitation":"Ostheimer, C.J., 2012, Development of a flood-warning system and flood-inundation mapping in Licking County, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5137, vii, 13 p.; 39 Plates (PDF and JPEG format): 13 x 13 inches or smaller; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125137.","productDescription":"vii, 13 p.; 39 Plates (PDF and JPEG format): 13 x 13 inches or smaller; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science 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States","state":"Ohio","county":"Licking","city":"Newark","otherGeospatial":"Buckeye Lake;Licking River;Raccoon Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.7675,40 ], [ -82.7675,40.26777777777777 ], [ -82.18333333333334,40.26777777777777 ], [ -82.18333333333334,40 ], [ -82.7675,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0039e4b0c8380cd4f651","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostheimer, Chad J. ostheime@usgs.gov","contributorId":2160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostheimer","given":"Chad","email":"ostheime@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":467031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037884,"text":"70037884 - 2012 - Book review: Earthquakes and water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-11T12:16:13","indexId":"70037884","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1765,"text":"Geofluids","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Earthquakes and water","docAbstract":"<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p><span>It is really nice to see assembled in one place a discussion of the documented and hypothesized hydrologic effects of earthquakes. The book is divided into chapters focusing on particular hydrologic phenomena including liquefaction, mud volcanism, stream discharge increases, groundwater level, temperature and chemical changes, and geyser period changes. These hydrologic effects are inherently fascinating, and the large number of relevant publications in the past decade makes this summary a useful milepost. The book also covers hydrologic precursors and earthquake triggering by pore pressure. A natural need to limit the topics covered resulted in the omission of tsunamis and the vast literature on the role of fluids and pore pressure in frictional strength of faults. Regardless of whether research on earthquake-triggered hydrologic effects ultimately provides insight into the physics of earthquakes, the text provides welcome common ground for interdisciplinary collaborations between hydrologists and seismologists. Such collaborations continue to be crucial for investigating hypotheses about the role of fluids in earthquakes and slow slip.&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p><span>Review info:&nbsp;</span><i>Earthquakes and Water.</i>&nbsp;By Wang, C.-Y. and Manga, M., 2010. ISBN: <span>9783642008092,&nbsp;</span>218 pp.&nbsp;</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geofluids","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-8123.2012.00366.x","usgsCitation":"Bekins, B.A., 2012, Book review: Earthquakes and water: Geofluids, v. 12, no. 3, p. 261-263, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-8123.2012.00366.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"263","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487302,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-8123.2012.00366.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":260230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":260214,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-8123.2012.00366.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f200e4b0c8380cd4af5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039815,"text":"70039815 - 2012 - On the relative roles of hydrology, salinity, temperature, and root productivity in controlling soil respiration from coastal swamps (freshwater)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-06T01:02:24","indexId":"70039815","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3089,"text":"Plant and Soil","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the relative roles of hydrology, salinity, temperature, and root productivity in controlling soil respiration from coastal swamps (freshwater)","docAbstract":"<b>Background and aims</b> Soil CO<sub>2</sub> emissions can dominate gaseous carbon losses from forested wetlands (swamps), especially those positioned in coastal environments. Understanding the varied roles of hydroperiod, salinity, temperature, and root productivity on soil respiration is important in discerning how carbon balances may shift as freshwater swamps retreat inland with sea-level rise and salinity incursion, and convert to mixed communities with marsh plants. <b>Methods</b> We exposed soil mesocosms to combinations of permanent flooding, tide, and salinity, and tracked soil respiration over 2 1/2 growing seasons. We also related these measurements to rates from field sites along the lower Savannah River, Georgia, USA. Soil temperature and root productivity were assessed simultaneously for both experiments. <b>Results</b> Soil respiration from mesocosms (22.7-1678.2 mg CO<sub>2</sub> m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>) differed significantly among treatments during four of the seven sampling intervals, where permanently flooded treatments contributed to low rates of soil respiration and tidally flooded treatments sometimes contributed to higher rates. Permanent flooding reduced the overall capacity for soil respiration as soils warmed. Salinity did reduce soil respiration at times in tidal treatments, indicating that salinity may affect the amount of CO<sub>2</sub> respired with tide more strongly than under permanent flooding. However, soil respiration related greatest to root biomass (mesocosm) and standing root length (field); any stress reducing root productivity (incl. salinity and permanent flooding) therefore reduces soil respiration. <b>Conclusions</b> Overall, we hypothesized a stronger, direct role for salinity on soil respiration, and found that salinity effects were being masked by varied capacities for increases in respiration with soil warming as dictated by hydrology, and the indirect influence that salinity can have on plant productivity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Plant and Soil","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s11104-012-1182-y","usgsCitation":"Krauss, K.W., Whitbeck, J., and Howard, R.J., 2012, On the relative roles of hydrology, salinity, temperature, and root productivity in controlling soil respiration from coastal swamps (freshwater): Plant and Soil, v. 358, no. 1-2, p. 265-274, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1182-y.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":260180,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1182-y","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Savannah River","volume":"358","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6df2e4b0c8380cd753fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitbeck, Julie L.","contributorId":6698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitbeck","given":"Julie L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howard, Rebecca J. 0000-0001-7264-4364 howardr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-4364","contributorId":2429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Rebecca","email":"howardr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039807,"text":"sim3226 - 2012 - Flood-inundation maps for Suwanee Creek from the confluence of Ivy Creek to the Noblin Ridge Drive bridge, Gwinnett County, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-13T09:40:31","indexId":"sim3226","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3226","title":"Flood-inundation maps for Suwanee Creek from the confluence of Ivy Creek to the Noblin Ridge Drive bridge, Gwinnett County, Georgia","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.9-mile reach of Suwanee Creek, from the confluence of Ivy Creek to the Noblin Ridge Drive bridge, were developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with Gwinnett County, Georgia. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at <a href=\"http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/\">http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/</a>, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage at Suwanee Creek at Suwanee, Georgia (02334885). Current stage at this USGS streamgage may be obtained at <a href=\"http://waterdata.usgs.gov/\">http://waterdata.usgs.gov/</a> and can be used in conjunction with these maps to estimate near real-time areas of inundation. The National Weather Service (NWS) is incorporating results from this study into the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood-warning system (<a href=\"http://water.weather.gov/ahps/\">http://water.weather.gov/ahps/</a>). The NWS forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that commonly are collocated at USGS streamgages. The forecasted peak-stage information for the USGS streamgage at Suwanee Creek at Suwanee (02334885), available through the AHPS Web site, may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation. A one-dimensional step-backwater model was developed using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers HEC-RAS software for Suwanee Creek and was used to compute flood profiles for a 6.9-mile reach of the creek. The model was calibrated using the most current stage-discharge relations at the Suwanee Creek at Suwanee streamgage (02334885). The hydraulic model was then used to determine 19 water-surface profiles for flood stages at the Suwanee Creek streamgage at 0.5-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage. The profiles ranged from just above bankfull stage (7.0 feet) to approximately 1.7 feet above the highest recorded water level at the streamgage (16.0 feet). The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model - derived from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data having a 5.0-foot horizontal resolution - to delineate the area flooded for each 0.5-foot increment of stream stage. The availability of these maps, when combined with real-time stage information from USGS streamgages and forecasted stream stage from the NWS, provides emergency management personnel and residents with critical information during flood-response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3226","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Gwinnett County, Georgia","usgsCitation":"Musser, J.W., 2012, Flood-inundation maps for Suwanee Creek from the confluence of Ivy Creek to the Noblin Ridge Drive bridge, Gwinnett County, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3226, Report: v, 8 p.; 19 Sheets: 34 x 24 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3226.","productDescription":"Report: v, 8 p.; 19 Sheets: 34 x 24 inches; Downloads 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