Published and new data for chemical and isotopic samples from wells and springs on Kilauea Volcano and vicinity are presented. These data are used to understand processes that determine the chemistry of dilute meteoric water, mixtures with sea water, and thermal water. Data for well and spring samples of non-thermal water indicate that mixing with sea water and dissolution of rock from weathering are the major processes that determine the composition of dissolved constituents in water. Data from coastal springs demonstrate that there is a large thermal system south of the lower east rift of Kilauea. Samples of thermal water from shallow wells in the lower east rift and vicinity have rather variable chemistry indicating that a number of processes operate in the near surface. Water sampled from the available deep wells is different in composition from the shallow thermal water, indicating that generally there is not a significant component of deep water in the shallow wells. Data for samples from available deep wells show significant gradients in chemistry and steam content of the reservoir fluid. These gradients are interpreted to indicate that the reservoir tapped by the existing wells is an evolving vapor-dominated system.
","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr94586","usgsCitation":"Janik, C.J., Nathenson, M., and Scholl, M.A., 1994, Chemistry of spring and well waters on Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, and vicinity: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-586, 166 leaves :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94586.","productDescription":"166 leaves :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":49010,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0586/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":152192,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0586/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dee4b07f02db5e3099","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janik, Cathy J.","contributorId":87090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janik","given":"Cathy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":181087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholl, M. A.","contributorId":86365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":18027,"text":"ofr94354 - 1994 - Water resources publications of the U.S. Geological Survey for Tennessee, 1987-1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:26","indexId":"ofr94354","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-354","title":"Water resources publications of the U.S. Geological Survey for Tennessee, 1987-1993","docAbstract":"This report presents an updated bibliography of water-resources related reports authored or co-authored by personnel of the U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Tennessee District The bibliography lists 102 reports published by the U.S. Geological Survey during the period 1987 through 1993. Articles, papers, and abstracts published by non-U.S. Geological Survey sources for this same period also are listed. The report augments a previous bibliography for the years 1906-1987.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"USGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94354","usgsCitation":"Baker, E.G., and Oldson, B.B., 1994, Water resources publications of the U.S. Geological Survey for Tennessee, 1987-1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-354, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94354.","productDescription":"20 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1049,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr_94-354","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d1e4b07f02db547e0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, Eva G.","contributorId":12867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Eva","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oldson, Barbara B.","contributorId":77171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oldson","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25391,"text":"wri934113 - 1994 - Analysis of meteorological data and water chemistry of Latir Lakes, Taos County, New Mexico, 1985-88","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:29","indexId":"wri934113","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4113","title":"Analysis of meteorological data and water chemistry of Latir Lakes, Taos County, New Mexico, 1985-88","docAbstract":"Data were analyzed to determine the chemistry of atmospheric deposition and water of the Latir Lakes in Taos County New Mexico, from 1985 to 1988. The Latir Lakes consist of a series of nine paternoster lakes that range in altitude from 11,061 to 11,893 feet above sea level. The pH of wet precipitation generally ranged from 4.6 to 5.5 and the specific conductance of wet precipitation ranged from 1 to 18 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius from December 1985 through September 1988. Snowpack chemistry data indicate a change in the specific conductance, pH, and alkalinity of the snowpack from month to month. The dominant cation in the snowpack is calcium, and the dominant anions are nitrate and sulfate. The samples having the smallest values of specific conductance generally did not contain measurable alkalinity. When the snowpack starts to melt in the spring, specific conductance of the entire snowpack decreases, consistent with the hypothesis that the initial fluid draining from the snowpack transports a large amount of dissolved material out of the snowpack. Water chemistries in the Latir Lakes are similar although specific conductance increases downstream from lake 9 to lake 1. Calcium is the dominant cation and the ions that produce alkalinity are the dominant anions. Concentrations of sodium, magnesium, chloride, and sulfate do not vary substantially from year to year or during the year in a particular lake. Alkalinity and calcium concentration, however, do vary from year to year and during the year. The pH of outflow from the Latir Lakes varies from lake to lake and from year to year. In 1986, the range in pH in the lakes was less than 1 unit in mid-June, but was greater than 2.5 units by late October. The pH generally was larger than 7.0 in all of the lakes and was as large as 9.9 in several of the lakes during the period of study. The pH of outflow water generally increases from early spring to late summer in the Latir Lakes, and snowmelt does not seem to cause the pH to decrease in the lakes. Depth profiles of selected lakes indicate that the dissolved-oxygen concentration approaches zero below the thermocline. This suggests biological oxidation of organic matter in the lower zones in these lakes. Because many organisms cannot live in water containing small dissolved-oxygen concentrations, large volumes of water in lakes 9 and 3 probably are not suitable for habitation during the summer months.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934113","usgsCitation":"Anderholm, S., Roybal, R., Risser, D.W., and Somers, G., 1994, Analysis of meteorological data and water chemistry of Latir Lakes, Taos County, New Mexico, 1985-88: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4113, vii, 129 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. [PGS - 123 p.], https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934113.","productDescription":"vii, 129 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. [PGS - 123 p.]","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4113/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54123,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4113/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db6802e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderholm, S. K.","contributorId":69149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderholm","given":"S. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roybal, R. G.","contributorId":67881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roybal","given":"R. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Risser, D. W.","contributorId":48211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risser","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Somers, Georgene","contributorId":68783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Somers","given":"Georgene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":26296,"text":"wri944073 - 1994 - Scour assessment at bridges from Flag Point to Million Dollar Bridge, Copper River Highway, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:17","indexId":"wri944073","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4073","title":"Scour assessment at bridges from Flag Point to Million Dollar Bridge, Copper River Highway, Alaska","docAbstract":"Twelve bridges are located along the Copper River Highway from Flag Point (Mile 27) to lhe Million Dollar Bridge (Mile 48). These bridges cross all or parts of the Copper River. Channel scour at these bridges was assessed by collecting and analyzing discharge and sediment data, analyzing aerial photography for eight different years, surveying and comparing cross sections, and utilizing scour equations. Between 1968 and 1992, scour occurring at Bridge 331 has formed two distinct channels at the bridge. The channel at Bridge 1187 has remained relatively unchanged between 1968 and 1992. During this same time period, the channel at Bridge 332 appears to have gradually filled. However, during the 1992 runoff season, the channel at this bridge scoured significantly, probably because of its unstable nature. The most significant scour has occurred at Bridge 342. A high-water period in 1981 probably shifted much of the flow of the Copper River through this bridge. As a result, severe contraction scour occurred which required major repairs to the bridge. During 1991 and 1992, the approach channel to Bridge 342 has been migrating, causing scour in the left side of the channel. Bed material at the Million Dollar Bridge consists of hard unweathered boulders nested in dense gravel. Because of this type of erosion-resistant material, no significant scour has occurred at this site. Contraction scour equations overestimated the mean depth of flow at Bridge 331 by 2.6 to 5.0 ft, but were within 1.0 ft of the mean depth of flow for Bridge 1187. The local scour equations generally overestimated local scour at both Bridge 331 and Bridge 1187. The accuracy of some equations was probably affected because water velocities could not be obtained upstream from the piers.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944073","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 1994, Scour assessment at bridges from Flag Point to Million Dollar Bridge, Copper River Highway, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4073, v, 57 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944073.","productDescription":"v, 57 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55102,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6864b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, T. P.","contributorId":103289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25909,"text":"wri944078 - 1994 - Ground-water recharge near Santa Fe, north-central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:32","indexId":"wri944078","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4078","title":"Ground-water recharge near Santa Fe, north-central New Mexico","docAbstract":"Recharge to the basin-fill aquifer near Santa Fe, New Mexico, was investigated using chloride mass-balance methods. Chloride concentrations in water in the unsaturated zone indicate no recharge in areas where runoff and flooding do not occur. The mass of chloride stored in the upper part of the unsaturated zone in these areas would take about 6,000 to 8,000 years to accumulate, assuming the present (1989) chloride fluxes. Chloride concen- trations in water in the unsaturated zone beneath arroyo channels indicate that recharge does occur in these areas; chloride concentrations in this recharge water at two sites ranged from 40 to 60 milligrams per liter. Estimates of mountain-front recharge using a chloride balance in drainage basins are about 2,320 acre-feet per year in the Santa Fe River drainage, 690 acre-feet per year in the Rio Tesuque drainage, and 830 acre-feet per year in the Anoyo Hondo drainage. Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen indicate that little summer precipitation recharges the ground-water system and that winter precipitation results in most of the recharge water. Most hydrogen and oxygen isotope data for ground water in the area coincide with the local meteoric water line on a graph showing the relation between oxygen and hydrogen in ground water. This indicates that, on the basis of the hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of ground water and precipi- tation, evaporation of recharge water or ground water does not occur.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944078","usgsCitation":"Anderholm, S., 1994, Ground-water recharge near Santa Fe, north-central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4078, v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944078.","productDescription":"v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4078/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54669,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4078/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cde4b07f02db544ba7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderholm, S. K.","contributorId":69149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderholm","given":"S. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26099,"text":"wri934192 - 1994 - Geohydrology of the High Energy Laser System Test Facility site, White Sands Missile Range, Tularosa Basin, south-central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-21T07:57:02","indexId":"wri934192","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4192","title":"Geohydrology of the High Energy Laser System Test Facility site, White Sands Missile Range, Tularosa Basin, south-central New Mexico","docAbstract":"The Yesum-HoHoman and Gypsum land (hummocky) soils at the High Energy Laser System Test Facility (HELSTF) represent wind deposits from recently desiccated lacustrine deposits and deposits from the ancestral Lake Otero. The upper 15-20 feet of the subsurface consists of varved gypsiferous clay and silt. Below these surfidai deposits the lithology consists of interbedded clay units, silty-clay units, and fine- to medium-grained quartz arenite units in continuous and discontinuous horizons. Clay horizons can cause perched water above the water table. Analyses of selected clay samples indicate that clay units are composed chiefly of kaolinire and mixed-layer illite/ smectite. The main aquifer is representative of a leaky-confined aquifer. Estimated aquifer properties are: transmissivity (T) = 780 feet squared per day, storage coefficient (S) = 3.1 x 10-3, and hydraulic conductivity (K) = 6.0 feet per day. Ground water flows south and southwest; the estimated hydraulic gradient is 5.3 feet per mile. Analyses of water samples indicate that ground water at the HELSTF site is brackish to slightly saline at the top of the main aquifer. Dissolved-solids concentration near the top of the main aquifer ranges from 5,940 to 11,800 milligrams per liter. Predominant ions are sodium and sulfate. At 815 feet below land surface, the largest dissolved-solids concentration measured is 111,000 milligrams per liter, which indicates increasing salinity with depth. Predominant ions are sodium and chloride.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri934192","usgsCitation":"Basabilvazo, G., Myers, R.G., and Nickerson, E.L., 1994, Geohydrology of the High Energy Laser System Test Facility site, White Sands Missile Range, Tularosa Basin, south-central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4192, Report: v, 59 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934192.","productDescription":"Report: v, 59 p. ","numberOfPages":"64","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4192/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54886,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4192/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a896b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Basabilvazo, G.T.","contributorId":72832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Basabilvazo","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Myers, R. G.","contributorId":30642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nickerson, E. L.","contributorId":71185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nickerson","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26439,"text":"wri944092 - 1994 - Hydrogeology and selected water-quality aspects of the Hueco Bolson Aquifer at the Hueco Bolson Recharge Project area, El Paso, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T14:22:59","indexId":"wri944092","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4092","title":"Hydrogeology and selected water-quality aspects of the Hueco Bolson Aquifer at the Hueco Bolson Recharge Project area, El Paso, Texas","docAbstract":"Samples of ground water and tertiary-treated water were evaluated to determine the distribution of injected water and trihalomethane compounds in the Hueco bolson aquifer near El Paso, Texas. Chloride and nitrate concentrations and oxygen-18/oxygen-16 (δ18O) values were used with end-member mixing analysis to estimate the fractional contributions of injected water, irrigation-affected water, saline ground water, and freshwater to ground-water chemistry.
\nSeveral laterally continuous sand and gravel layers are the principal water-yielding lithologies in the aquifer. The potentiometric surface sloped toward the south and southwest during January 1990. Average linear ground-water velocities were as large as 1.4 feet per day near the zone of largest hydraulic conductivity and were substantially smaller farther south and east.
\nGround-water samples from as far as 2,900 feet from an injection well contained injectedwater tracers and trihalomethane compounds. Ground-water samples with injected-water tracers and no trihalomethane compounds may indicate infiltration from septic systems or oxidation ponds. Apparent breakthrough velocities of injected water in the aquifer ranged from 0.13 to 1.3 feet per day. Irrigation-affected water and saline water also were identified in water from several wells.
\nGround-water transport of bromoform and dibromochloromethane is attenuated relative to injected water, chloroform, and dichlorobromomethane. Microbial transformation of bromoform and dibromochloromethane probably was responsible for their disappearance from ground water. Chloroform and dichlorobromomethane concentrations were affected principally by advective and dispersive transport of injected water.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri944092","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the El Paso Water Utilities-Public Service Board, Texas Water Development Board, and U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Buszka, P., Brock, R., and Hooper, R.P., 1994, Hydrogeology and selected water-quality aspects of the Hueco Bolson Aquifer at the Hueco Bolson Recharge Project area, El Paso, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4092, v, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944092.","productDescription":"v, 41 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4092/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55244,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4092/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"El Paso","otherGeospatial":"Hueco Bolson Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.441667,\n 31.991667\n ],\n [\n -106.441667,\n 31.904167\n ],\n [\n -106.320833,\n 31.904167\n ],\n [\n -106.320833,\n 31.991667\n ],\n [\n -106.441667,\n 31.991667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625436","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buszka, P.M.","contributorId":49001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buszka","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brock, R.D.","contributorId":12874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooper, R. P.","contributorId":26321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26005,"text":"wri944034 - 1994 - Interaction of ground water with the Rock River near Byron, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:24","indexId":"wri944034","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4034","title":"Interaction of ground water with the Rock River near Byron, Illinois","docAbstract":"Ground-water discharge to the Rock River in the study area, estimated by three independent methods, ranged from 16,300 to 30,900 cubic feet per day; the low value, determined by the use of the modified Darcy equation, is an estimate only of ground-water discharge from the southern side of the Rock River. The vertical distribution of trichloroethene (TCE) in ground water was determined at a test hole along the estimated centerline of the contaminant plume and as close to the river as property access would allow. The maximum concentrations of TCE of 3 micro- grams per liter were found at depths of 59 and 64 feet. The contaminant was dispersed across a verti- cal interval of about 75 feet at depths of 19 and 94 feet. All of the TCE in ground water discharges to the Rock River because no TCE was detected below a depth of 109 feet, and increasing vertical head gradients with depth indicate ground-water flow from a depth of 119 feet is to the river. The maximum possible discharge of TCE is estimated to be about 1.7 grams per day. A finite-difference numerical model was used to simulate ground-water flow along a vertical section through the ground-water system from the Byron Superfund site to the Rock River. Results of the ground-water flow simulation indicate that, if underflow in the St. Peter aquifer occurs beneath the Rock River, it would be water that was present at depth in the flow system at the Byron Superfund site rather than contaminated water that had recharged the system in the vicinity of the Byron Superfund site. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey-ESIC, Open-File Report Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944034","usgsCitation":"Avery, C., 1994, Interaction of ground water with the Rock River near Byron, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4034, iv, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944034.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4034/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54765,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4034/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d8e4b07f02db549522","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Avery, C.F.","contributorId":67543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avery","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25577,"text":"wri934221 - 1994 - Hydrogeology of recharge areas and water quality of the principal aquifers along the Wasatch Front and adjacent areas, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:21","indexId":"wri934221","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4221","title":"Hydrogeology of recharge areas and water quality of the principal aquifers along the Wasatch Front and adjacent areas, Utah","docAbstract":"The principal basin-fill aquifers in Cache Valley, the lower Bear River area, and along the Wasatch Front provide ground water to about 84 percent of the population of Utah. Recharge areas for the principal aquifers were mapped to provide information needed for the implementation of ground-water quality regulations and a State ground-water protection plan. Water samples were collected and analyzed to provide baseline water- quality data for the principal aquifers. The study area includes five subareas: Cache Valley, the 1ower Bear River area, the East Shore area, Salt Lake Valley, and Utah and Goshen Valleys. Basin-fill deposits in each subarea are lithologically heterogeneous. The principal aquifers in most of the subareas are composed of multiple discontinuous unconfined and confined aquifers and confining layers. Primary recharge areas generally are located along adjacent mountain fronts and extend into the valleys at the mouths of major drainages. Secondary recharge areas are located on the benches and uplands of the valleys. Ground-water flow generally is from these recharge areas to the discharge areas in the topographically low parts of the valleys. In general, dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water range from less than 500 mg/L to about 3,000 mg/L. Of 73 water samples, 5 contained inorganic constituents in concentrations that exceeded State of Utah water-quality standards. None of the samples contained concentrations of organic compounds that exceeded State standards.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934221","usgsCitation":"Anderson, P., Susong, D., Wold, S., Heilweil, V., and Baskin, R.L., 1994, Hydrogeology of recharge areas and water quality of the principal aquifers along the Wasatch Front and adjacent areas, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4221, vi, 74 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934221.","productDescription":"vi, 74 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4221/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54295,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4221/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54296,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4221/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54297,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4221/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54298,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4221/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54299,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4221/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54300,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4221/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db625142","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, P.B.","contributorId":103020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Susong, D. D.","contributorId":12868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Susong","given":"D. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wold, S.R.","contributorId":29473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wold","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heilweil, V.M.","contributorId":25197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilweil","given":"V.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baskin, R. L.","contributorId":14460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":6810,"text":"fs00994 - 1994 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-03T08:37:23","indexId":"fs00994","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"009-94","title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","docAbstract":"The world's glaciers react to and interact \nwith changes in global and regional climates. \nMost mountain glaciers worldwide have been \nretreating since the latter part of the 19th \ncentury; global sea level has risen about 10 \ncentimeters during the past century. Glaciers \nvary in size as a result of several factors, of \nwhich climate variation is probably the most \nimportant. The reasons we are interested in \nglacier variation include its connection to climate \nchange and to global sea level.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs00994","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994, Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 009-94, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00994.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs00994.jpg"},{"id":285354,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0009-94/report.pdf"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686557","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5119,"text":"fs06094 - 1994 - Estimated water withdrawals in Mississippi during 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:44","indexId":"fs06094","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"060-94","title":"Estimated water withdrawals in Mississippi during 1990","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs06094","usgsCitation":"Johnson, P.M., 1994, Estimated water withdrawals in Mississippi during 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 060-94, [2] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. ill. ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs06094.","productDescription":"[2] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. ill. ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1994/0060/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31903,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1994/0060/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fcbc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Penny M.","contributorId":14394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Penny","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5106,"text":"fs01094 - 1994 - National Water Quality Assessment Program; the Santee Basin and coastal drainage, North Carolina and South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-11T11:22:54","indexId":"fs01094","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"010-94","title":"National Water Quality Assessment Program; the Santee Basin and coastal drainage, North Carolina and South Carolina","docAbstract":"In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Department of the Interior, began a National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA). The long-term goals of NAWQA are to describe the status of and trends in the quality of a large representative part of the Nation's surface- and ground-water resources and to identify all the major factors that affect the quality of these resources. In addressing these goals, NAWQA produces water-quality information that is useful to policymakers and managers at State, Federal, and local levels.
NAWQA emphasis is on regional scale water-quality problems. The program does not diminish the need for smaller scale studies and monitoring designed and conducted by State, Federal, and local agencies. NAWQA, however, provides a large-scale framework for conducting many of these activities and an understanding about regional and national water-quality conditions that cannot be acquired from these other programs and studies.
Studies of 60 hydrologic systems that include parts of most major river basins and aquifer systems are the building blocks of the national assessment. The areas of the 60 study units range in size from 1,000 to more than 60,000 square miles (mi2) and represent 60 to 70 percent of the Nation's water use and population served by public water supplies. Twenty investigations were begun in 1991, 20 investigations began in 1994, and 20 are planned to begin in 1997. The assessment activities in the Santee River Basin and Coastal Drainage began in 1994.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs01094","usgsCitation":"Hughes, W.B., 1994, National Water Quality Assessment Program; the Santee Basin and coastal drainage, North Carolina and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 010-94, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs01094.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353859,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1994/0010/fs19940010.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.70 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 1994-010"},{"id":117448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1994/0010/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Santee River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.8319091796875,\n 31.99875937194732\n ],\n [\n -80.3265380859375,\n 32.48196313217176\n ],\n [\n -79.95574951171875,\n 32.62549671451373\n ],\n [\n -79.8431396484375,\n 32.7503226078097\n ],\n [\n -79.57122802734375,\n 32.91648534731439\n ],\n [\n -79.54925537109375,\n 33.01096671579776\n ],\n [\n -79.38720703125,\n 33.04550781490999\n ],\n [\n -79.38446044921875,\n 33.075432481213326\n ],\n [\n -79.156494140625,\n 33.17434155100208\n ],\n [\n -80.04638671875,\n 33.54139466898275\n ],\n [\n -80.123291015625,\n 33.797408767572485\n ],\n [\n -80.013427734375,\n 33.87953701355924\n ],\n [\n -80.2001953125,\n 34.1890858311724\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 34.829586636768205\n ],\n [\n -80.0079345703125,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -79.9749755859375,\n 34.99625375979014\n ],\n [\n -80.10406494140625,\n 35.20298910562885\n ],\n [\n -80.0738525390625,\n 35.31960740586162\n ],\n [\n -80.101318359375,\n 35.380092992092145\n ],\n [\n -80.562744140625,\n 35.817813158696616\n ],\n [\n -80.9033203125,\n 35.68407153314097\n ],\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 36.12900165569652\n ],\n [\n -81.683349609375,\n 36.11125252076156\n ],\n [\n -81.9140625,\n 35.505400093441324\n ],\n [\n -82.276611328125,\n 35.48751102385376\n ],\n [\n -83.14453125,\n 35.003003395276714\n ],\n [\n -83.14727783203125,\n 34.97375095431686\n ],\n [\n -83.26812744140625,\n 34.863397850419524\n ],\n [\n -83.36975097656249,\n 34.773203753940734\n ],\n [\n -83.37799072265624,\n 34.712266941280404\n ],\n [\n -83.33404541015625,\n 34.66709959253004\n ],\n [\n -83.2049560546875,\n 34.59930237746263\n ],\n [\n -83.155517578125,\n 34.56312121279482\n ],\n [\n -83.05938720703125,\n 34.48165602990584\n ],\n [\n -82.97149658203125,\n 34.474863669009004\n ],\n [\n -82.88909912109375,\n 34.45448326886294\n ],\n [\n -82.81219482421875,\n 34.338900400404995\n ],\n [\n -82.77374267578125,\n 34.268566186749894\n ],\n [\n -82.7215576171875,\n 34.134541681937364\n ],\n [\n -82.6556396484375,\n 34.02990029603907\n ],\n [\n -82.474365234375,\n 33.85673152928873\n ],\n [\n -82.28759765625,\n 33.76544869849223\n ],\n [\n -82.2271728515625,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -82.1502685546875,\n 33.58259116393916\n ],\n [\n -82.056884765625,\n 33.53223722395908\n ],\n [\n -81.990966796875,\n 33.41310221370827\n ],\n [\n -81.990966796875,\n 33.367237465838315\n ],\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 33.22030778968541\n ],\n [\n -81.80419921875,\n 33.14675022877648\n ],\n [\n -81.529541015625,\n 33.02248191961359\n ],\n [\n -81.5350341796875,\n 32.95797741405952\n ],\n [\n -81.474609375,\n 32.87036022808352\n ],\n [\n -81.4306640625,\n 32.71797709835758\n ],\n [\n -81.4471435546875,\n 32.648625783736726\n ],\n [\n -81.4251708984375,\n 32.59310597426537\n ],\n [\n -81.3262939453125,\n 32.55607364492026\n ],\n [\n -81.2274169921875,\n 32.47732919639942\n ],\n [\n -81.1614990234375,\n 32.319633552035214\n ],\n [\n -81.1395263671875,\n 32.23603621746476\n ],\n [\n -81.0296630859375,\n 32.08257455954592\n ],\n [\n -80.8319091796875,\n 31.99875937194732\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
Flow and salinity were monitored during 1989-92 in West Neck Creek, Virginia, which provides a direct hydraulic connection between the brackish waters of Chesapeake Bay and the relatively fresh waters of Currituck Sound. During the 308 days for which data were available, flow was to the south 64 percent of the time, but 80 percent of the southward flows were less than 40 cubic feet per second. Flows ranged from 356 cubic feet per second to the south to 50 cubic feet per second to the north, and the highest flows were associated with precipitation events. Salinity ranged from less than 0.1 to 24.5 parts per thousand, and the highest salinities were observed during periods of sustained, high northerly winds. Salt transport ranged from 34,510 tons per day to the south to 302 tons per day to the north.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944067","usgsCitation":"Bales, J., and Skrobialowski, S., 1994, Flow and salinity in West Neck Creek, Virginia, 1989-92, and salinity in North Landing River, North Carolina, 1991-92: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4067, iv, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944067.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54819,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4067/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415525,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47966.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":122771,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4067/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"North Landing River, West Neck Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.1,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -76.1,\n 36.8333\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 36.8333\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -76.1,\n 36.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df4c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bales, Jerad","contributorId":47390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"Jerad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skrobialowski, S. C.","contributorId":99585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skrobialowski","given":"S. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26589,"text":"wri934229 - 1994 - Assessment of selected constituents in surface water of the upper Snake River basin, Idaho and western Wyoming, water years 1975-89","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-22T14:24:17","indexId":"wri934229","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4229","title":"Assessment of selected constituents in surface water of the upper Snake River basin, Idaho and western Wyoming, water years 1975-89","docAbstract":"In 1991, a water-quality investigation of \nthe upper Snake River Basin was initiated as part \nof the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. The initial task of \nthe assessment was to compile and analyze available nutrient, suspended sediment, and pesticide \ndata collected in the basin. For analysis of nutrients \nand suspended sediment, data collected during \nwater years 1980-89 were used. For pesticides, an \nadditional 5 years of data were included for a total \nassessment period encompassing water years \n1975-89.\nNearly 9,000 analyses of nutrients and suspended sediment from more than 450 stations were \nretrieved from the U.S. Environmental Protection \nAgency STORET and U.S. Geological Survey \nWATSTORE data bases. Nineteen stations had \nsufficient analyses for quantitative assessment. Of \nthe 19 stations analyzed, 4 are located on relatively \nunaffected stream reaches, 8 are at or near mouths \nof tributary basins affected by agricultural activities, and 7 are on the main stem of the Snake River.\nData indicate that nitrite plus nitrate and total \nphosphorus concentrations generally increased in a \ndownstream direction along the Snake River; concentrations were largest at the mouths of drainage \nbasins tributary to the Snake River. Water-quality \nstations were categorized as unaffected or minimally affected, agriculturally affected, or main \nstem to compare nutrient concentrations between \ndrainage basins of differing land use/land cover. \nConcentrations of nitrite plus nitrate, total nitrogen, \ndissolved orthophosphate, and total phosphorus \nwere significantly (p<0.05) larger at agriculturally\naffected and main-stem stations than at unaffected \nstations; and concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate, \ntotal nitrogen, and total phosphorus at agriculturally affected stations were significantly larger than \nat main-stem stations. Significant differences in \nseasonal concentrations of some nutrient species \nalso were noted.\nFew suspended sediment and pesticide data \nwere available for the study basin. Only six stations \nhad sufficient data for quantitative assessment of \nsuspended sediment. A direct positive relation \nexists between suspended sediment concentration \nand streamflow; concentrations are largest in April, \nMay, and June at high streamflow. Most of the \npesticide data compiled from STORET and \nWATSTORE were collected during water years \n1975-79. Only 33 pesticide samples, excluding \nsamples collected for a Rural Clean Water \nProgram, were collected from surface water and \nbottom sediment during water years 1980-89. \nBottom sediment collected near the mouth of the \nHenrys Fork during the late 1970's had the largest \nconcentrations of pesticides in the basin; DOT, \nODD, and DDE concentrations exceeded 10 micrograms per kilogram.\nMass movement of nutrients and suspended \nsediment in the upper Snake River Basin is \ncontrolled primarily by changes in streamflow. \nBetween two and three times as much total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and suspended sediment \nwere transported out of the basin in water year \n1984 (high-flow year) compared with 1989 (low-flow year). Reservoirs on the main stem of the \nSnake River probably trap much of the nutrient and \nmost of the suspended sediment load generated \nfrom upper parts of the basin.\nA more extensive data-collection program in \nthe upper Snake River Basin is needed to address a \nnumber of water-quality issues. These include \nan analysis of effects of land use on the quality of \nsurface water; quantification of mass movement of \nnutrients and suspended sediment at key locations \nin the basin; distribution of aquatic organisms; and \ntemporal and spatial distribution of pesticides in \nsurface water, bottom sediment, and biota.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri934229","usgsCitation":"Clark, G.M., 1994, Assessment of selected constituents in surface water of the upper Snake River basin, Idaho and western Wyoming, water years 1975-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4229, v, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934229.","productDescription":"v, 49 p.","numberOfPages":"54","temporalStart":"1975-01-01","temporalEnd":"1989-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123540,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4229/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55458,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4229/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area projection","country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Montana;Nevada;Utah;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.0,41.5 ], [ -115.0,45.0 ], [ -110.0,45.0 ], [ -110.0,41.5 ], [ -115.0,41.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6697d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Gregory M. gmclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Gregory","email":"gmclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26435,"text":"wri934126 - 1994 - Dissolved-solids concentrations and hydrochemical facies in water of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer system, west-central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T20:20:21.873293","indexId":"wri934126","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4126","title":"Dissolved-solids concentrations and hydrochemical facies in water of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer system, west-central Texas","docAbstract":"Much of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer system contains freshwater, but sizable parts contain marginally fresh or slightly saline water. The predominant water type in the aquifer system is calcium bicarbonate; however, one of seven other hydrochemical facies characterizes the water in places. The median dissolved-solids concentration of water samples from the Edwards aquifer in the Balcones fault zone is 297 mg/L (milligrams per liter); the interquartile range is 93 mg/L. In the freshwater zone of the Edwards aquifer updip of a freshwater/saline-water transition zone, the water is almost exclusively calcium bicarbonate. The median dissolved-solids concentration of water samples from the Trinity aquifer in the Hill Country is 537 mg/L and the interquartile range is 573 mg/L. Four bicarbonate and sulfate facies, spread vertically throughout the saturated section, characterize most of the Hill Country analyses; calcium bicarbonate predominates. The median concentration of dissolved solids in water samples from the Edwards-Trinity aquifer in the Edwards Plateau is 379 mg/L and the interquartile range is 547 mg/L. Freshwater is nearly everywhere in the southern and northeastern parts of the aquifer, and mostly slightly saline water is in the northwestern part. The distribution of hydrochemical facies shows a similar pattern to dissolved-solids concentration, with bicarbonate water nearly everywhere in the southern and northeastern parts of the aquifer. Sulfate and chloride facies characterize the northwestern part of the Edwards Plateau. The median concentration of dissolved solids among water samples from the Edwards-Trinity aquifer in the Trans-Pecos is 929 mg/L and the interquartile range is 1,626 mg/L. Fresh, calcium bicarbonate water predominates in the southern part, and more saline mixed and sulfate waters are the most common in the northwestern part.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri934126","usgsCitation":"Bush, P.W., Ulery, R.L., and Rittmaster, R.L., 1994, Dissolved-solids concentrations and hydrochemical facies in water of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer system, west-central Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4126, Report: iv, 29 p.; 2 Plates: 10.58 x 16.24 inches and 15.66 x 20.67 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934126.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 29 p.; 2 Plates: 10.58 x 16.24 inches and 15.66 x 20.67 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":413780,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47833.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":349838,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4126/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55241,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4126/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349839,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4126/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55242,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4126/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Edwards-Trinity aquifer system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.0667,\n 29.0667\n ],\n [\n -97.8333,\n 29.0667\n ],\n [\n -97.8333,\n 32.2\n ],\n [\n -104.0667,\n 32.2\n ],\n [\n -104.0667,\n 29.0667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bush, Peter W.","contributorId":57820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ulery, Randy L. rlulery@usgs.gov","contributorId":4679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulery","given":"Randy","email":"rlulery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":196388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rittmaster, Rochelle L.","contributorId":43375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rittmaster","given":"Rochelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26147,"text":"wri944042 - 1994 - Relation of stream quality to streamflow, and estimated loads of selected water-quality constituents in the James and Rappahannock rivers near the fall line of Virginia, July 1988 through June 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri944042","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4042","title":"Relation of stream quality to streamflow, and estimated loads of selected water-quality constituents in the James and Rappahannock rivers near the fall line of Virginia, July 1988 through June 1990","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of a study by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality-- Division of Intergovernmental Coordination to monitor and estimate loads of selected nutrients and suspended solids discharged to Chesapeake Bay from two major tributaries in Virginia. From July 1988 through June 1990, monitoring consisted of collecting depth-integrated, cross-sectional samples from the James and Rappahannock Rivers during storm- flow conditions and at scheduled intervals. Water- quality constituents that were monitored included total suspended solids (residue, total at 105 degrees Celsius), dissolved nitrite plus nitrate, dissolved ammonia, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (ammonia plus organic), total nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved orthopohosphorus, total organic carbon, and dissolved silica. Daily mean load estimates of each constituent were computed by month, using a seven-parameter log-linear-regression model that uses variables of time, discharge, and seasonality. Water-quality data and constituent- load estimates are included in the report in tabular and graphic form. The data and load estimates provided in this report will be used to calibrate the computer modeling efforts of the Chesapeake Bay region, evaluate the water quality of the Bay and the major effects on the water quality, and assess the results of best-management practices in Virginia.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944042","usgsCitation":"Belval, D., Campbell, J., and Woodside, M.D., 1994, Relation of stream quality to streamflow, and estimated loads of selected water-quality constituents in the James and Rappahannock rivers near the fall line of Virginia, July 1988 through June 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4042, vi, 85 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944042.","productDescription":"vi, 85 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4042/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54941,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4042/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686512","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belval, D.L.","contributorId":52186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belval","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, J.P.","contributorId":80310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodside, M. D.","contributorId":98722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodside","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25796,"text":"wri944138 - 1994 - A technique for estimating ground-water levels at sites in Rhode Island from observation-well data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:28","indexId":"wri944138","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4138","title":"A technique for estimating ground-water levels at sites in Rhode Island from observation-well data","docAbstract":"Estimates of future high, median, and low ground- water levels are needed for engineering and architectural design decisions and for appropriate selection of land uses. For example, the failure of individual underground sewage-disposal systems due to high ground-water levels can be prevented if accurate water-level estimates are available. Estimates of extreme or average conditions are needed because short duration preconstruction obser- vations are unlikely to be adequately represen- tative. Water-level records for 40 U.S. Geological Survey observation wells in Rhode Island were used to describe and interpret water-level fluctuations. The maximum annual range of water levels average about 6 feet in sand and gravel and 11 feet in till. These data were used to develop equations for estimating future high, median, and low water levels on the basis of any one measurement at a site and records of water levels at observation wells used as indexes. The estimating technique relies on several assumptions about temporal and spatial variations: (1) Water levels will vary in the future as they have in the past, (2) Water levels fluctuate seasonally (3) Ground-water fluctuations are dependent on site geology, and (4) Water levels throughout Rhode Island are subject to similar precipitation and climate. Comparison of 6,697 estimates of high, median, and low water levels (depth to water level exceeded 95, 50, and 5 percent of the time, respectively) with the actual measured levels exceeded 95, 50, and 5 percent of the time at 14 sites unaffected by pumping and unknown reasons, yielded mean squared errors ranging from 0.34 to 1.53 square feet, 0.30 to 1.22 square feet, and 0.32 to 2.55 square feet, respectively. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944138","usgsCitation":"Socolow, R.S., Frimpter, M.H., Turtora, M., and Bell, R.W., 1994, A technique for estimating ground-water levels at sites in Rhode Island from observation-well data: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4138, iv, 43 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944138.","productDescription":"iv, 43 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118721,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_94_4138.jpg"},{"id":2047,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri944138/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a5cc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Socolow, Roy S.","contributorId":65070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Socolow","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":195113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frimpter, Michael H.","contributorId":8074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frimpter","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turtora, Michael mturtora@usgs.gov","contributorId":4260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turtora","given":"Michael","email":"mturtora@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bell, Richard W.","contributorId":44141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":18899,"text":"ofr9445 - 1994 - Calculation of a water budget and delineation of contributing sources to drainflows in the western San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-08T20:53:17.746682","indexId":"ofr9445","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-45","title":"Calculation of a water budget and delineation of contributing sources to drainflows in the western San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"Geohydrologic data and a ground-water flow model were used to calculate a water budget and evaluate the contribution of regional groundwater flow to on-farm drainflow in a part of the western San Joaquin Valley, California. Regional ground-water flow is affected by the distribution of unconsolidated coarse- and fine-grained sediment. Predominantly coarse-grained sediment in the upslope areas results in a water table greater than 3 meters below land surface, but the low-lying areas are underlain by predominantly fine-grained sediments and have a water table within 3 meters of land surface. The vertical component of flow is downward in the upslope areas, but can be upward at some locations in the low-lying areas.
Results of model simulations indicate that about 18.5x106 cubic meters per year of drainflow originates as recharge within the fields that overlay the drainage systems (89 percent), and 2.3x106 cubic meters per year of drainflow is lateral-flowing ground water and upward-moving deep percolation originating as recharge within fields upslope of the drainage systems (11 percent). The drainage systems that intercept this upslope recharge overlay predominantly coarse-grained sediment associated with old stream channels. This ground water can move upward from depths greater than 29 meters below land surface and distances as great as 3.6 kilometers, requiring from 10 to more than 90 years to reach the drainage systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9445","usgsCitation":"Fio, J.L., 1994, Calculation of a water budget and delineation of contributing sources to drainflows in the western San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-45, v, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9445.","productDescription":"v, 39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406406,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12447.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":48300,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0045/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":151333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0045/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"western San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.821,\n 36.713\n ],\n [\n -120.5,\n 36.713\n ],\n [\n -120.5,\n 36.949\n ],\n [\n -120.821,\n 36.949\n ],\n [\n -120.821,\n 36.713\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e74b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fio, John L.","contributorId":77543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fio","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":19227,"text":"ofr94468 - 1994 - A data input program (MFI) for the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:32","indexId":"ofr94468","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-468","title":"A data input program (MFI) for the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS ESIC--Open-File Report Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94468","usgsCitation":"Harbaugh, A.W., 1994, A data input program (MFI) for the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-468, vi, 24 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94468.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0468/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48687,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0468/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af5fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harbaugh, Arlen W. harbaugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"Arlen","email":"harbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":180522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":19622,"text":"ofr94466 - 1994 - Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1984 through September 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:43","indexId":"ofr94466","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-466","title":"Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1984 through September 1993","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94466","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, H.I., and Green, S.L., 1994, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1984 through September 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-466, iv, 123 p. :chiefly ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94466.","productDescription":"iv, 123 p. :chiefly ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0466/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49097,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0466/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6676b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Hugh I.","contributorId":81130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, S. 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The fresh ground-water-flow system consists of a water-table aquifer underlain by three confined aquifers separated by intervening confining units. Results of simulations using a sharp-interface, ground-water-flow model indicate that current levels of withdrawal have not caused noticeable saltwater intrusion and that lateral movement of the boundary between saltwater and freshwater is slow and takes place over long periods of time.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ;\r\nFor sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2401","usgsCitation":"Richardson, D.L., 1994, Hydrogeology and analysis of the ground-water-flow system of the eastern shore, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2401, vii, 108 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2401.","productDescription":"vii, 108 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 1 plate in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2401/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28867,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2401/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28868,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2401/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db6275c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richardson, Donna L.","contributorId":54572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2680,"text":"wsp2432 - 1994 - Estimation of peak-frequency relations, flood hydrographs, and volume-duration-frequency relations of ungaged small urban streams in Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-09T20:36:33.36204","indexId":"wsp2432","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2432","title":"Estimation of peak-frequency relations, flood hydrographs, and volume-duration-frequency relations of ungaged small urban streams in Ohio","docAbstract":"Methods and step-by-step examples are presented to estimate (1) peak-frequency relations, (2) flood hydrographs and volumes, and (3) volume-duration frequency relations of small urban streams in Ohio. The methods were developed to assist planners in the design of hydraulic structures for which hydrograph routing is required or where the temporary storage of water is an important element of the design criteria. The data base for the analyses consisted of rainfall-runoff data collected at 62 small drainage basins distributed throughout Ohio.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2432","usgsCitation":"Sherwood, J.M., 1994, Estimation of peak-frequency relations, flood hydrographs, and volume-duration-frequency relations of ungaged small urban streams in Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2432, vi, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2432.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411585,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25326.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":247235,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2432/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251788,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2432/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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