The frequency of detection and concentrations of bifenthrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, in the waterways inhabited by the endangered species, steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), has become a significant concern for regulatory agencies. Endocrine disruption has been observed with estrogenic and anti-estrogenic responses in fish species at different life stages. Since several studies have indicated alterations in dopaminergic signaling associated with endocrine responses, juvenile steelhead were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 60 or 120 ng/L bifenthrin for two weeks. Fish brains were assessed for dopamine levels and the expression of genes involved in dopaminergic and estrogenic processes, such as catechol-o-methyltransferase (comt) and monoamine oxidase (mao). Vitellogenin (vtg) and estrogenic receptors (ERα1, ERβ1, and ERβ2) were also evaluated in livers of the animals. Dopamine concentrations were significantly higher in fish brains following bifenthrin exposure. Consistent with a reduction in dopamine clearance, there was a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of comt with increased bifenthrin concentration. Hepatic expression of ERα1 and ERβ2 mRNA was significantly decreased with increased bifenthrin concentration. These data support the possible mechanism of bifenthrin altering the dopaminergic pathway at low ng/L concentrations, in juvenile steelhead, which could interfere with endocrine feedback loops. These findings support the need for and importance of identifying species and life stage differences in pesticide modes of action to reduce uncertainties in risk assessments.
Fish stranding has been studied in select rivers worldwide, often with the purpose of determining how to mitigate adverse effects of dam operations on highly valued salmon and trout populations. However, where a reduction in trout population size is desired by resource managers, as is the case downstream of the Glen Canyon Dam on the Colorado River, flow manipulations termed trout management flows (TMFs) may be used to optimize fish stranding and mortality. To inform the design and implementation of potential future TMFs, we reviewed relevant literature to identify key factors that influence fish stranding. We found that key factors were highly interdependent and site-specific, but general trends suggest that down-ramping (decreasing flow) at rapid rates in daytime during the late spring to summer emergence period would lead to stranding of age-0 rainbow trout in shallow shoreline habitat. A hypsometric analysis was then used to predict stranding risk for age-0 rainbow trout in Glen Canyon for a range of TMFs, which incorporated existing bathymetric data and flow and habitat suitability models. Our results indicate that a TMF with a steady high flow ranging from 12,000 to 16,000 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) combined with a minimum flow ranging from 3,000 to 5,000 ft3/s may effectively strand age-0 fish while also minimizing risk to water storage in Lake Powell and other resources. This strategy implemented under normal hydropeaking operations was predicted to lead to a substantive stranding risk when paired with low flows of 5,000 ft3/s, and especially 3,000 ft3/s. However, there remains uncertainty associated with elements of implementing an effective TMF downstream from Glen Canyon Dam. The main uncertainties include (1) the down-ramp rate that maximizes stranding of age-0 trout, (2) the duration of drawdown to maximize stranding mortality while minimizing impact to downstream resources, (3) duration of high flows required for age-0 fish to colonize newly created shoreline habitat (this is only for certain TMF hydrographs), (4) number of repetitions of TMF cycles to minimize compensatory survival response, and (5) recruitment threshold of both rainbow and brown trout populations to trigger TMF implementation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20241033","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Ecometric Research Inc.","usgsCitation":"Giardina, M., Korman, J., Yard, M.D., Wright, S., Kaplinski, M., and Bennett, G., 2024, A literature review and hypsometric analysis to support decisions on trout management flows on the Colorado River downstream from Glen Canyon Dam: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2024–1033, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20241033.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 50 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-133316","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":432181,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20241033/full"},{"id":432178,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9L1XEZO","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"Korman, J., Giardina, M.A., Yard, M.D., Wright, S.A., Kaplinski, M., and Bennett, G., 2024, Colorado River milage system and ancillary attribute data for connecting to hydrodynamic model output in Glen Canyon, AZ: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9L1XEZO.","linkHelpText":"Colorado River milage system and ancillary attribute data for connecting to hydrodynamic model output in Glen Canyon, AZ"},{"id":432177,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1033/ofr20241033.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":432179,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1033/ofr20241033.xml"},{"id":432180,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1033/images"},{"id":432176,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1033/covrthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Glen Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.636412112225,\n 36.82347668968964\n ],\n [\n -111.44233548505323,\n 36.82347668968964\n ],\n [\n -111.44233548505323,\n 36.96315377672772\n ],\n [\n -111.636412112225,\n 36.96315377672772\n ],\n [\n -111.636412112225,\n 36.82347668968964\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Southwest Biological Science Center
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The Arctic is warming four times faster than the rest of the world, threatening the persistence of many Arctic species. It is uncertain if Arctic wildlife will have sufficient time to adapt to such rapidly warming environments. We used genetic forecasting to measure the risk of maladaptation to warming temperatures and sea ice loss in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) sampled across the Canadian Arctic. We found evidence for local adaptation to sea ice conditions and temperature. Forecasting of genome-environment mismatches for predicted climate scenarios suggested that polar bears in the Canadian high Arctic had the greatest risk of becoming maladapted to climate warming. While Canadian high Arctic bears may be the most likely to become maladapted, all polar bears face potentially negative outcomes to climate change. Given the importance of the sea ice habitat to polar bears, we expect that maladaptation to future warming is already widespread across Canada.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ele.14486","usgsCitation":"Rivkin, L.R., Richardson, E., Miller, J.D., Atwood, T.C., Baryluk, S., Born, E.W., Davis, C., Dyck, M., de Greef, E., Laidre, K.L., Lunn, N., McCarthy-Neumann, S., Obbard, M.E., Owen, M.A., Pilfold, N., Roberto-Charro, A., Wiig, O., Wilder, A., and Garroway, C., 2024, Assessing the risk of climate maladaptation for Canadian polar bears: Ecology Letters, v. 27, no. 8, e14486, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14486.","productDescription":"e14486, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-161512","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439226,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14486","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432443,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Greenland, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -146.10087704851642,\n 70.29891199784112\n ],\n [\n -145.9619431732809,\n 67.68484265716987\n ],\n [\n -80.58830225082843,\n 50.78569841585616\n ],\n [\n -57.738527856271816,\n 49.8939749619428\n ],\n [\n -32.269899477418875,\n 83.56677160868358\n ],\n [\n -95.17610629927108,\n 80.76625534866342\n ],\n [\n -146.10087704851642,\n 70.29891199784112\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rivkin, L. 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Manitoba","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70257100,"text":"70257100 - 2024 - Role of tributary cyanobacterial and nutrient transport and sediment processes on cyanobacterial bloom initiation in Lake Superior nearshore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-27T16:25:43.673149","indexId":"70257100","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-07T08:36:40","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of tributary cyanobacterial and nutrient transport and sediment processes on cyanobacterial bloom initiation in Lake Superior nearshore","docAbstract":"Watershed fluxes of suspended sediment (SS), nutrients, in particular phosphorus (P), and cyanobacteria may play a role in driving cyanobacterial blooms along the southwestern shore of oligotrophic Lake Superior. To understand how tributary loads contribute to nearshore blooms, we sampled two southwestern shore tributaries, Bois Brule and Siskiwit Rivers. We collected water-quality samples to compute nutrient and sediment loads and to assess cyanobacteria community composition from the tributaries to the nearshore. We collected suspended and streambed sediment to assess the capacity for sediment to store and transport bioavailable P and to assess cyanobacteria community composition. Storm flows drove export of SS, total P, and total nitrogen, with the majority of total P being particulate P. Equilibrium P concentrations revealed that SS sorbed P as it is moved through the stream network across sites and seasons and was a potential source of P to the nearshore. However, streambed sediment in the Bois Brule and Siskiwit River watersheds were P sinks during summer, which potentially delayed transport of dissolved P to the lake. The cyanobacteria community varied spatially and temporally relating to multiple environmental variables including nutrients (P, N, and C) and specific conductivity. Cyanobacteria capable of producing cyanotoxins were present in tributaries and found across multiple environmental compartments indicating a potential for fluvial flow to the nearshore. This study demonstrated that streamflow is a primary driver of total nutrient and sediment loading in both watersheds, which indicates the potential for algal loading to the nearshore via suspended sediment or water.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2024.102409","usgsCitation":"Kreiling, R.M., Givens, C.E., Baker, A., Kiesling, R.L., Dantoin, E.D., Perner, P.M., Sterner, S.P., Gierke, K., and Reneau, P., 2024, Role of tributary cyanobacterial and nutrient transport and sediment processes on cyanobacterial bloom initiation in Lake Superior nearshore: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 51, no. 1, 102409, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2024.102409.","productDescription":"102409, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-163435","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":432442,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":439227,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2024.102409","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United 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J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":909395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Reneau, Paul 0000-0002-1335-7573","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1335-7573","contributorId":217293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reneau","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70257517,"text":"70257517 - 2024 - Asymmetric mate preference and reproductive interference mediate climate-induced changes in mate availability in a small mammal hybrid zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-09T15:50:42.511689","indexId":"70257517","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-07T08:36:05","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal 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Here, we present field-measured parentage data that document the reproductive outcomes of changes in mate availability at a secondary contact zone between two species of woodrat in the genus Neotoma. Changes in mate availability resulted from drought-driven differential survival between the species and their hybrids. As the availability of conspecifc mates declined, rates of hybridization increased, leading to the accumulation of admixed individuals in the zone of contact. Patterns of reproductive success in the wild appear to be the result of a combination of both pre-mating isolation and post-zygotic selection resulting from genomic incompatibilities between the parental lineages. Evidence of asymmetric mate preference between the parental lineages came from both skewed reproductive output in the field and laboratory preference trials. Moreover, partial genomic incompatibility was evident from the near-zero reproductive success of F1 males and because nearly all surviving hybrids had one pure parent. Nonetheless, the high reproductive success of F1 females and backcrossing in both parental directions allow for introgression between the parental species. These findings reveal how climate change may alter evolutionary outcomes for species at the edge of their ranges through an interplay of behavioral, demographic, and genetic mechanisms.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpae110","usgsCitation":"Matocq, M.D., Hunter, E.A., Murphy, P.J., Adkins, C.L., and Shoemaker, K.T., 2024, Asymmetric mate preference and reproductive interference mediate climate-induced changes in mate availability in a small mammal hybrid zone: Evolution, qpae110, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpae110.","productDescription":"qpae110, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-145596","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpae110","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Camp Roberts Military reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.79598611853271,\n 35.785590501974994\n ],\n [\n -120.79598611853271,\n 35.758103908925094\n ],\n [\n -120.7544854283608,\n 35.758103908925094\n ],\n [\n -120.7544854283608,\n 35.785590501974994\n ],\n [\n -120.79598611853271,\n 35.785590501974994\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matocq, Marjorie D.","contributorId":343055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matocq","given":"Marjorie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37455,"text":"University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunter, Elizabeth Ann 0000-0003-4710-167X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4710-167X","contributorId":288535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murphy, Peter J.","contributorId":343058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37455,"text":"University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adkins, Casey L.","contributorId":344062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adkins","given":"Casey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37455,"text":"University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shoemaker, Kevin T.","contributorId":343060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":37455,"text":"University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70270165,"text":"70270165 - 2024 - The 2023 Alaska National Seismic Hazard Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-12T14:54:28.804879","indexId":"70270165","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-07T07:48:05","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2023 Alaska National Seismic Hazard Model","docAbstract":"US Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Models (NSHMs) are used extensively for seismic design regulations in the United States and earthquake scenario development, as well as risk assessment and mitigation for both buildings and infrastructure. This 2023 update of the long-term, time-independent Alaska NSHM includes substantial changes to both the earthquake rupture forecast (ERF) and ground motion models (GMMs). The ERF includes numerous additions to the finite-fault model, considers two deformation models, and introduces updated declustering and smoothing algorithms in the gridded background seismicity model. For the Alaska–Aleutian subduction zone, megathrust earthquakes occur on an updated structural and segmentation model, and the moment magnitude (M) 8+ rupture and rate model include a logic tree branch that considers slip rates derived from geodetic models of interface coupling. The megathrust model considers multiple models of down-dip width, and magnitudes are computed using newly developed scaling relations. For subduction intraslab events and subduction interface events with M < 7, the 2023 update uses a smoothed seismicity model with rupture depths derived from Slab2. The 2023 model updates GMMs in all tectonic settings using the recently published Next Generation Attenuation Subduction (NGA-Sub) GMMs for subduction interface and intraslab events, and the NGA-West2 GMMs for active crustal settings. Collectively, additions and updates to the Alaska NSHM result in hazard increases across most of south-central Alaska relative to the previous model, published in 2007. These changes are primarily due to the adoption of updated rate models for the large-magnitude interface events and the NGA-Sub GMMs that have much higher aleatory variability (sigma), consistent with global observations, and that include models of epistemic uncertainty.
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Peter M. 0000-0003-2124-6184 pmpowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-6184","contributorId":176814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Peter","email":"pmpowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Altekruse, Jason M. 0000-0002-8798-9514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8798-9514","contributorId":291308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Altekruse","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Llenos, Andrea L. 0000-0002-4088-6737 allenos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-6737","contributorId":4455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llenos","given":"Andrea","email":"allenos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michael, Andrew J. 0000-0002-2403-5019 michael@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":1280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Andrew","email":"michael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haynie, Kirstie Lafon 0000-0001-9930-6736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-6736","contributorId":289894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynie","given":"Kirstie","email":"","middleInitial":"Lafon","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":219956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bender, Adrian 0000-0001-7469-1957","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-1957","contributorId":219952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bender","given":"Adrian","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rezaeian, Sanaz 0000-0001-7589-7893","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-7893","contributorId":238513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rezaeian","given":"Sanaz","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Smith, James Andrew 0000-0002-5565-9254 jimsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-9254","contributorId":332933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"James","email":"jimsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":4136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":219962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Mueller, Charles 0000-0002-1868-9710 cmueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1868-9710","contributorId":140380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Charles","email":"cmueller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Zeng, Yuehua 0000-0003-1161-1264 zeng@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1161-1264","contributorId":145693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuehua","email":"zeng@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Girot, Demi Leafar 0000-0002-4954-1858","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-1858","contributorId":332931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Girot","given":"Demi","email":"","middleInitial":"Leafar","affiliations":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Herrick, Julie A. 0000-0003-0682-760X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-760X","contributorId":243649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrick","given":"Julie","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":945620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Shumway, Allison M. 0000-0003-1142-7141 ashumway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-7141","contributorId":147862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shumway","given":"Allison","email":"ashumway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70258105,"text":"70258105 - 2024 - Unforeseen plant phenotypic diversity in a dry and grazed world","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-04T12:15:26.144456","indexId":"70258105","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-07T07:11:50","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unforeseen plant phenotypic diversity in a dry and grazed world","docAbstract":"Earth harbours an extraordinary plant phenotypic diversity1 that is at risk from ongoing global changes2,3. However, it remains unknown how increasing aridity and livestock grazing pressure—two major drivers of global change4,5,6—shape the trait covariation that underlies plant phenotypic diversity1,7. Here we assessed how covariation among 20 chemical and morphological traits responds to aridity and grazing pressure within global drylands. Our analysis involved 133,769 trait measurements spanning 1,347 observations of 301 perennial plant species surveyed across 326 plots from 6 continents. Crossing an aridity threshold of approximately 0.7 (close to the transition between semi-arid and arid zones) led to an unexpected 88% increase in trait diversity. This threshold appeared in the presence of grazers, and moved toward lower aridity levels with increasing grazing pressure. Moreover, 57% of observed trait diversity occurred only in the most arid and grazed drylands, highlighting the phenotypic uniqueness of these extreme environments. Our work indicates that drylands act as a global reservoir of plant phenotypic diversity and challenge the pervasive view that harsh environmental conditions reduce plant trait diversity8,9,10. They also highlight that many alternative strategies may enable plants to cope with increases in environmental stress induced by climate change and land-use intensification.
Hydrologic stress is increasing in Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) forests across the southwestern United States because of increased temperature and streamflow diversion. The spatial variability of this stress is large yet poorly understood. Along the Yampa and Green Rivers in Colorado and Utah, vapour pressure deficit and flow diversions increase downstream. To investigate effects of this gradient on cottonwoods, we measured the percent live canopy and height of randomly selected trees at three sites: Deerlodge Park on the Yampa River (DLP), Island Park on the upper Green (ILP) and Canyonlands National Park on the lower Green (CAN). From these same trees, we took increment cores to understand differences in tree growth in each forest over time. We then related tree metrics to local water availability, streamflow and climatic data. Cottonwoods at CAN were shorter and had lower percent live canopy and growth rate than similarly aged trees upstream. CAN trees that grew higher above the water surface also tended to have lower tree growth, height and live canopy percentage. Furthermore, the correlation between tree growth and maximum vapour pressure deficit showed a much stronger negative shift since 1990 at CAN than at the other sites. All of these differences suggest higher hydrologic stress at CAN, which we attribute to the combined effects of peak flow declines from Flaming Gorge Reservoir, flow diversion and the higher and increasing vapour pressure deficit at CAN. Further research on the variability of hydrologic stress on cottonwoods could help managers anticipate and mitigate the effects of drought stress in these iconic forests.
Aftershocks offer valuable clues to earthquake behavior. The challenge: quickly deploying sensors to capture the early details of earthquake ruptures within the zone of aftershocks. Telecommunication fibers might be an answer, providing denser networks in otherwise difficult areas, potentially faster than traditional methods.
","conferenceTitle":"2024 IEEE Photonics Society Summer Topicals Meeting Series","conferenceDate":"July 15-17, 2024","conferenceLocation":"Bridgetown, Barbados","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/SUM60964.2024.10614569","usgsCitation":"Barbour, A.J., 2024, Telecommunications fiber for sensing earthquake aftershocks: Progress and hurdles, 2024 IEEE Photonics Society Summer Topicals Meeting Series, Bridgetown, Barbados, July 15-17, 2024, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.1109/SUM60964.2024.10614569.","productDescription":"3 p.","ipdsId":"IP-164550","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501741,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barbour, Andrew J. 0000-0002-6890-2452 abarbour@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-2452","contributorId":197158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbour","given":"Andrew","email":"abarbour@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70257043,"text":"70257043 - 2024 - Bayesian multistate models for measuring invasive carp movement and evaluating telemetry array performance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-09T16:14:16.630524","indexId":"70257043","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-06T10:54:33","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3840,"text":"PeerJ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bayesian multistate models for measuring invasive carp movement and evaluating telemetry array performance","docAbstract":"Understanding the movement patterns of an invasive species can be a powerful tool in designing effective management and control strategies. Here, we used a Bayesian multistate model to investigate the movement of two invasive carp species, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (H. nobilis), using acoustic telemetry. The invaded portions of the Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers, USA, are a high priority management zone in the broader efforts to combat the spread of invasive carps from reaching the Laurentian Great Lakes. Our main objective was to characterize the rates of upstream and downstream movements by carps between river pools that are maintained by navigation lock and dam structures. However, we also aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the available telemetry infrastructure to monitor carp movements through this system. We found that, on a monthly basis, most individuals of both species remained within their current river pools: averaging 76.2% of silver carp and 75.5% of bighead carp. Conversely, a smaller proportion of silver carp, averaging 14.2%, and bighead carp, averaging 13.9%, moved to downstream river pools. Movements towards upstream pools were the least likely for both species, with silver carp at an average of 6.7% and bighead carp at 7.9%. The highest probabilities for upstream movements were for fish originating from the three most downstream river pools, where most of the population recruitment occurs. However, our evaluation of the telemetry array’s effectiveness indicated low probability to detect fish in this portion of the river. We provide insights to enhance the placement and use of these monitoring tools, aiming to deepen our comprehension of these species’ movement patterns in the system.
","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17834","usgsCitation":"Stanton, J.C., Brey, M.K., Coulter, A.A., Stewart, D.R., and Knights, B., 2024, Bayesian multistate models for measuring invasive carp movement and evaluating telemetry array performance: PeerJ, v. 12, e17834, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17834.","productDescription":"e17834, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-151880","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17834","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432445,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Illinois Waterway","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.49554914748546,\n 41.90688869415442\n ],\n [\n -89.45630498792075,\n 41.4339499690158\n ],\n [\n -90.8325528903585,\n 39.87365631252747\n ],\n [\n -90.76518343836855,\n 38.31770023259065\n ],\n [\n -89.99975174472505,\n 40.02128386582143\n ],\n [\n -88.86084431751425,\n 41.19214478105948\n ],\n [\n -87.61745601726525,\n 41.47177424129181\n ],\n [\n -87.49554914748546,\n 41.90688869415442\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanton, Jessica C. 0000-0002-6225-3703 jcstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6225-3703","contributorId":5634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jessica","email":"jcstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brey, Marybeth K. 0000-0003-4403-9655 mbrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4403-9655","contributorId":187651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brey","given":"Marybeth","email":"mbrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coulter, Alison A.","contributorId":90992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coulter","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":26877,"text":"Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stewart, David R.","contributorId":337778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":40296,"text":"United States Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knights, Brent C. 0000-0001-8526-8468","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-8468","contributorId":304124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knights","given":"Brent","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":65975,"text":"UMESC Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70257144,"text":"70257144 - 2024 - Spatial patterns of seed removal by harvester ants in a seed tray experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-11T23:01:42.188472","indexId":"70257144","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-06T06:16:47","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1536,"text":"Environmental Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial patterns of seed removal by harvester ants in a seed tray experiment","docAbstract":"Using a selection of native grass and forb seeds commonly seeded in local restoration projects, we conducted a field experiment to evaluate the effects of seed species, distance of seed patches from nests, and distance between patches on patterns of seed removal by Owyhee harvester ants, Pogonomyrmex salinus (Olsen) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). To provide context for ants’ seed preferences, we evaluated differences in handling time among seed species. In addition, we assessed the influences of cheatgrass, Bromus tectorum (L.) (Poales: Poaceae), and Sandberg bluegrass, Poa secunda (J. Presl) (Poales: Poaceae), cover on seed removal. We found significant differences in removal rates among seed species. In general, seeds placed closer to nests were more vulnerable to predation than those placed farther away, and seeds in closely spaced patches were more vulnerable than seeds in widely spaced patches. However, the strength of these effects differed by seed species. Differences in handling time among seed species may help to explain these findings; the protective effect of from-nest distance was weaker for species that required less time to transport. For 2 of the seed species, there was an interaction between the distance of seed patches from nests and the distance between patches such that the protective effect of distance between patches decreased as the distance from nests increased. Cheatgrass and bluegrass cover both had small protective effects on seeds. Taken together, these results offer insight into the spatial ecology of harvester ant foraging and may provide context for the successful implementation of restoration efforts where harvester ants are present.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvae069","usgsCitation":"Grossklaus, M.R., Pilliod, D., Caughlin, T.T., and Robertson, I.C., 2024, Spatial patterns of seed removal by harvester ants in a seed tray experiment: Environmental Entomology, nvae069, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvae069.","productDescription":"nvae069","ipdsId":"IP-164771","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502630,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":432478,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grossklaus, Michaela Ray 0009-0002-0890-6520","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0890-6520","contributorId":342051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossklaus","given":"Michaela","email":"","middleInitial":"Ray","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":229349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David S.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caughlin, T. Trevor","contributorId":218133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caughlin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Trevor","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robertson, Ian C.","contributorId":342053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70266288,"text":"70266288 - 2024 - A protocol for assessing bias and robustness of social network metrics using GPS based radio-telemetry data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-10T17:59:55.306147","indexId":"70266288","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"title":"A protocol for assessing bias and robustness of social network metrics using GPS based radio-telemetry data","docAbstract":"Background
Social network analysis of animal societies allows scientists to test hypotheses about social evolution, behaviour, and dynamic processes. However, the accuracy of estimated metrics depends on data characteristics like sample proportion, sample size, and frequency. A protocol is urgently needed to assess for bias and robustness of social network metrics estimated for the animal populations especially when a limited number of individuals are monitored.
Methods
We used GPS telemetry datasets of five ungulate species to combine known social network approaches with novel ones into a comprehensive five-step protocol. To quantify the bias and uncertainty in the network metrics obtained from a partial population, we presented novel statistical methods which are particularly suited for autocorrelated data, such as telemetry relocations. The protocol was validated using a sixth species, the fallow deer, with a known population size where ⇠ 85% of the individuals have been directly monitored.
Results
Through the protocol, we demonstrated how pre-network data permu tations allow researchers to assess non-random aspects of interactions within a population. The protocol assesses bias in global network metrics, obtains confidence intervals, and quantifies uncertainty of global and node-level network metrics based on the number of nodes in the network. We found that global network metrics like density remained robust even with a lowered sample size, while local network metrics like eigenvector centrality were unreliable for four of the species. The fallow deer network showed low uncertainty and bias even at lower sampling proportions, indicating the importance of a thoroughly sampled population while demonstrating the accuracy of our evaluation methods for smaller samples.
Conclusions
The protocol allows researchers to analyse GPS-based radio telemetry or other data to determine the reliability of social network metrics. The estimates enable the statistical comparison of networks under di↵erent conditions, such as analysing daily and seasonal changes in the density of a network. The methods can also guide methodological decisions in animal social network research, such as sampling design and allow more accurate ecological inferences from the available data. The R package aniSNA enables researchers to implement this workflow on their dataset, generating reliable inferences and guiding methodological decisions
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s40462-024-00494-6","usgsCitation":"Kaur, P., Ciuti, S., Ossi, F., Cagnacci, F., Morellet, N., Loison, A., Atmeh, K., McLoughlin, P., Reinking, A., Beck, J.L., Ortega, A.C., Kauffman, M., Boyce, M.S., Haigh, A., David, A., Griffin, L., Conteddu, K., Faull, J., and Salter-Townshend, M., 2024, A protocol for assessing bias and robustness of social network metrics using GPS based radio-telemetry data, v. 12, 55, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-024-00494-6.","productDescription":"55, 36 p.","ipdsId":"IP-167767","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485356,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":487941,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-024-00494-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaur, Prabhleen","contributorId":354311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaur","given":"Prabhleen","affiliations":[{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ciuti, Simone","contributorId":348021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ciuti","given":"Simone","affiliations":[{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ossi, Federico","contributorId":342386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ossi","given":"Federico","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81867,"text":"Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cagnacci, Francesca","contributorId":342410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cagnacci","given":"Francesca","affiliations":[{"id":81867,"text":"Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morellet, Nicolas","contributorId":342402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morellet","given":"Nicolas","affiliations":[{"id":41661,"text":"Université de Toulouse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Loison, Anne","contributorId":284699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loison","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":935392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Atmeh, Kamal","contributorId":348008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atmeh","given":"Kamal","affiliations":[{"id":83278,"text":"Laboratoire Biometrie; Universit´e de Savoie Mont-Blanc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McLoughlin, Philip","contributorId":348034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLoughlin","given":"Philip","affiliations":[{"id":13248,"text":"University of Saskatchewan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Reinking, Adele K.","contributorId":348037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reinking","given":"Adele K.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Beck, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":287806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beck","given":"Jeffrey","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12729,"text":"UW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ortega, Anna C.","contributorId":280169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ortega","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40829,"text":"uwy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":202921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Boyce, Mark S.","contributorId":113205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyce","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12980,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Haigh, Amy","contributorId":354314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haigh","given":"Amy","affiliations":[{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"David, Anna","contributorId":354317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"David","given":"Anna","affiliations":[{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Griffin, Laura L.","contributorId":354320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffin","given":"Laura L.","affiliations":[{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Conteddu, Kimberly","contributorId":354323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conteddu","given":"Kimberly","affiliations":[{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Faull, Jane","contributorId":354326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faull","given":"Jane","affiliations":[{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Salter-Townshend, Michael","contributorId":354329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salter-Townshend","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70276625,"text":"70276625 - 2024 - Using models of local environmental conditions for biological assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-12T14:53:10.691042","indexId":"70276625","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using models of local environmental conditions for biological assessment","docAbstract":"A common approach for biological assessment is to compare current observations of biota at a site to predictions of the biota that would occur if the site were in reference condition. 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These natural and cultural resources are vulnerable to accelerated sea-level rise and escalating high tide flooding events. Through a Natural Resources Preservation Program-funded project during 2021–23, the U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the National Park Service, estimated the probability of inundation at Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida, and several other parks under various sea-level rise scenarios and contemporary high tide flooding thresholds. The maps produced for this effort can be used to assess potential habitat change and explore how infrastructure and cultural resources within the park may be exposed to future flooding-related hazards.
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Contact Us- USGS Publications Warehouse
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","tableOfContents":"Groundwater resources are utilized near areas of intensive oil and gas development in California’s San Joaquin Valley. In this study, we examined chemical and isotopic data to assess if thermogenic gas or saline water from oil producing formations have mixed with groundwater near the Elk Hills and North Coles Levee Oil Fields in the southwestern San Joaquin Valley. Major ion concentrations and stable isotope compositions were largely consistent with natural processes, including mixing of different recharge sources and water-rock interactions. Trace methane concentrations likely resulted from microbial rather than thermogenic sources. Trace concentrations of benzene and other dissolved hydrocarbons in three wells had uncertain sources that could occur naturally or be derived from oil and gas development activities or other anthropogenic sources. In the mid-1990s, two industrial supply wells had increasing Cl and B concentrations likely explained by mixing with up to 15 percent saline oil-field water injected for disposal in nearby injection disposal wells. Shallow groundwater along the western margin of Buena Vista Lake Bed had elevated Cl, B, and SO4 concentrations that could be explained by accumulation of salts during natural wetting and drying cycles or, alternatively, legacy surface disposal of saline oil-field water in upgradient ephemeral drainages. This study showed that groundwater had relatively little evidence of thermogenic gas or saline water from oil and gas sources in most parts of the study area. However, the evidence for groundwater mixing with injected disposal water, and possibly legacy surface disposal water, demonstrates produced water management practices as a potential risk factor for groundwater-quality degradation near oil and gas fields. Additional studies in the San Joaquin Valley and elsewhere could improve understanding of such risks by assessing the locations, volumes, and types of produced water disposal practices used during the life of oil fields.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000258","usgsCitation":"Warden, J.G., Landon, M.K., Stephens, M.J., Davis, T., Gillespie, J.M., McMahon, P.B., Kulongoski, J.T., Hunt, A., Shimabukuro, D.H., Gannon, R., and Ball, L.B., 2024, Assessing potential effects of oil and gas development activities on groundwater quality near and overlying the Elk Hills and North Coles Levee Oil Fields, San Joaquin Valley, California: PLOS Water, v. 3, no. 8, e0000258, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000258.","productDescription":"e0000258, 37 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153863","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000258","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432337,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Elk Hills and North Coles Levee Oil Fields, San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.10617619335798,\n 35.413607176236184\n ],\n [\n -120.10617619335798,\n 34.779786117322814\n ],\n [\n -119.0959554577856,\n 34.779786117322814\n ],\n [\n -119.0959554577856,\n 35.413607176236184\n ],\n [\n -120.10617619335798,\n 35.413607176236184\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warden, John G. 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0000-0003-1667-3472","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1667-3472","contributorId":219675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McMahon, Peter B. 0000-0001-7452-2379 pmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Peter","email":"pmcmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kulongoski, Justin T. 0000-0002-3498-4154 kulongos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-4154","contributorId":173457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulongoski","given":"Justin","email":"kulongos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":206197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew G.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shimabukuro, David H. 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lbball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-4693","contributorId":1138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Lyndsay","email":"lbball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70256992,"text":"70256992 - 2024 - Quantifying the coastal hazard risk reduction benefits of coral reef restoration in the U.S. Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-06T14:06:28.452215","indexId":"70256992","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-05T08:52:43","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Quantifying the coastal hazard risk reduction benefits of coral reef restoration in the U.S. Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"Coastal habitat restoration, especially of coral reef ecosystems, can significantly reduce the exposure of coastal communities to natural hazards and, consequently, the risk of wave-driven flooding. Likewise, reef degradation can increase coastal flood risks to people and property. In this study, the valuation of coral reefs in the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), along the coasts of St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas, demonstrated the social and economic benefits provided by these natural defenses. Across the territory, more than 481 people and $31.2 million of infrastructure were estimated to receive protection from coral reefs per year (2010 U.S. dollars). In 2017, Hurricanes Irma and Maria significantly damaged coral reefs throughout the archipelago. By combining engineering, ecological, geospatial, social, and economic data and tools, this study provided a rigorous valuation of where potential coral reef restoration projects could help rebuild these damaged habitats and decrease the risks from coastal hazards faced by USVI’s reef-fronted communities. Multiple restoration scenarios were considered in the analysis, two of which are detailed in this report. These include (1) ‘Ecological’ restoration, where restoration creates a structure that is 0.25 m high and 25-m-wide reef, and (2) ‘Hybrid’ restoration, where restoration creates a structure that is 1.25 m high and 5 m wide. There are many ways that such structures could be developed. In the hydrodynamic analyses, there are no assumptions about how the restoration is developed. Many practitioners of both coral (and oyster reef) restoration consider that a reef height of 0.25 m might be delivered from planting corals alone and that 1.25 m might require a combination of artificial structures and coral planting. In a third scenario, the analysis investigated the reduction of protection benefits that would occur through the reduction of 1 meter of naturally occurring reef height due to reef degradation. The reduction of protection due to the loss of reefs can also be interpreted as the protection value of the existing reefs.
In all studied restoration scenarios, it was assumed that the planting of corals would enhance hydrodynamic roughness, effectively dissipating incident wave energy and reducing the potential for coastal flooding. A standardized approach was employed to strategically locate potential restoration projects along the entire linear extent of existing reefs bordering the USVI, and to identify where coral reef restoration could offer valuable benefits in flood reduction. Potential restoration projects were only located within the existing distribution of reefs across the region, even though numerous sites were positioned far offshore (2-3 km), and some were at relatively deep depths (up to 7 m). Risk-based valuation approaches were followed to delineate flood zones at a 10 m2 resolution along the entire region's reef-lined shorelines for all the potential coral reef restoration scenarios. These were subsequently compared to flood zones without coral reef restoration.
The potential reduction in coastal flood risk provided by coral reef restoration, and the protection value of existing reefs, were quantified utilizing the latest information available at the time of analysis from the U.S. Census Bureau, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and Bureau of Economic Analysis for return-interval storm events. The change in Expected Annual Damages (EAD), a metric indicating the annual protection gained due to coral reef restoration, was calculated based on the damages associated with each storm probability. The findings suggest that the benefits of reef restoration are spatially variable within the USVI. In some areas, the analysis showed limited benefits from reef restoration, which may be attributed to the depth or offshore distances of proposed restoration sites. However, there were a number of key areas where reef restoration could have substantial benefits for flood risk reduction.
The annual flood risk reduction attributed to potential ‘ecological’ coral reef restoration in the USVI was 99 people and $6.1 million (2010 U.S. dollars). The Benefit-to-Cost Ratio (BCR) for this restoration approach was found to be larger than 1 (i.e., cost-effective) along 11% of the St. Croix coastline, 4.9% of the St. John coastline, and 8.7% of the St. Thomas coastline. This analysis offers stakeholders and decision-makers a spatially explicit and rigorous evaluation that illustrates how, where, and when potential coral reef restoration efforts in St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas could be instrumental to reducing coastal storm-induced flooding. Understanding areas where reef management, recovery, and restoration could effectively reduce climate hazard-related risks is crucial to protect and enhance the resilience of coastal communities in USVI.
","language":"English","publisher":"UC Santa Cruz: Institute of Marine Sciences","doi":"10.48330/E2KW29","usgsCitation":"Gaido-Lasserre, C., Pietsch McNulty, V., Storlazzi, C.D., Reguero, B., Perez, D., Fogg, S., Cumming, K., Ward, J., Schill, S., Jarvis, C., and Beck, M.W., 2024, Quantifying the coastal hazard risk reduction benefits of coral reef restoration in the U.S. Virgin Islands, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.48330/E2KW29.","productDescription":"52 p.","ipdsId":"IP-166374","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":432280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"U.S. Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -64.89853627285596,\n 17.78032509548528\n ],\n [\n -64.91534633574153,\n 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\"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaido-Lasserre, Camila","contributorId":341891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaido-Lasserre","given":"Camila","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17620,"text":"UCSC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pietsch McNulty, Valerie","contributorId":341893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pietsch McNulty","given":"Valerie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33811,"text":"TNC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":213610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reguero, Borja","contributorId":264485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reguero","given":"Borja","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perez, Denise","contributorId":341897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perez","given":"Denise","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33811,"text":"TNC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fogg, Sandra","contributorId":341899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fogg","given":"Sandra","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33811,"text":"TNC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cumming, Kristen A. 0000-0003-3647-2678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3647-2678","contributorId":257561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cumming","given":"Kristen A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ward, Jessica","contributorId":174856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":909099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schill, Steve","contributorId":26184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":909100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jarvis, Celeste","contributorId":341906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarvis","given":"Celeste","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33811,"text":"TNC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Beck, Michael W.","contributorId":259298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beck","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":909102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70257033,"text":"70257033 - 2024 - Seasonal drought treatments impact plant and microbial uptake of nitrogen in a mixed shrub grassland on the Colorado Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-11T16:23:02.998792","indexId":"70257033","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-05T06:55:37","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal drought treatments impact plant and microbial uptake of nitrogen in a mixed shrub grassland on the Colorado Plateau","docAbstract":"For many drylands, both long- and short-term drought conditions can accentuate landscape heterogeneity at both temporal (e.g., role of seasonal patterns) and spatial (e.g., patchy plant cover) scales. Furthermore, short-term drought conditions occurring over one season can exacerbate long-term, multidecadal droughts or aridification, by limiting soil water recharge, decreasing plant growth, and altering biogeochemical cycles. Here, we examine how experimentally altered seasonal precipitation regimes in a mixed shrub grassland on the Colorado Plateau impact soil moisture, vegetation, and carbon and nitrogen cycling. The experiment was conducted from 2015 to 2019, during a regional multidecadal drought event, and consisted of three precipitation treatments, which were implemented with removable drought shelters intercepting ~66% of incoming precipitation including: control (ambient precipitation conditions, no shelter), warm season drought (sheltered April–October), and cool season drought (sheltered November–March). To track changes in vegetation, we measured biomass of the dominant shrub, Ephedra viridis, and estimated perennial plant and ground cover in the spring and the fall. Soil moisture dynamics suggested that warm season experimental drought had longer and more consistent drought legacy effects (occurring two out of the four drought cycles) than either cool season drought or ambient conditions, even during the driest years. We also found that E. viridis biomass remained consistent across treatments, while bunchgrass cover declined by 25% by 2019 across all treatments, with the earliest declines noticeable in the warm season drought plots. Extractable dissolved inorganic nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen concentrations appeared sensitive to seasonal drought conditions, with dissolved inorganic nitrogen increasing and microbial biomass nitrogen decreasing with reduced soil volumetric water content. Carbon stocks were not sensitive to drought but were greater under E. viridis patches. Additionally, we found that under E. viridis, there was a negative relationship between dissolved inorganic nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen, suggesting that drought-induced increases in dissolved inorganic nitrogen may be due to declines in nitrogen uptake from microbes and plants alike. This work suggests that perennial grass plant–soil feedbacks are more vulnerable to both short-term (seasonal) and long-term (multiyear) drought events than shrubs, which can impact the future trajectory of dryland mixed shrub grassland ecosystems as drought frequency and intensity will likely continue to increase with ongoing climate change.
Debris flows and floods generated by rainfall runoff occur in rocky mountainous landscapes and burned steeplands. Flow type is commonly identified post-event through interpretation of depositional structures, but these may be poorly preserved or misinterpreted. Prior research indicates that discharge magnitude is commonly amplified in debris flows relative to floods due to volumetric bulking and increased frictional resistance. Here, we use this flow amplification to develop a metric (Q*) to separate debris flows from floods based on the ratio of observed peak discharge to the theoretical maximum water discharge from rainfall runoff. We compile 642 observations of floods and debris flows and demonstrate that Q* distinguishes flow type to ∼92% accuracy. Q* allows for accurate identification of debris flows through simple channel cross-section surveys rather than through qualitative interpretation of deposits, and therefore should increase the performance of models and engineered structures that require accurate flow-type observations.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024GL109768","usgsCitation":"Cavagnaro, D.B., McCoy, S., Kean, J.W., Thomas, M.A., Lindsay, D.N., McArdell, B.W., and Hirschberg, J., 2024, A robust quantitative method to distinguish runoff-generated debris flows from floods: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 51, no. 15, e2024GL109768, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL109768.","productDescription":"e2024GL109768, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159087","costCenters":[{"id":78941,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Landslides / Earthquake Geology","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl109768","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433497,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cavagnaro, David B.","contributorId":267181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cavagnaro","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, Scott W.","contributorId":267182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCoy","given":"Scott W.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":912368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, Matthew A. 0000-0002-9828-5539 matthewthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-5539","contributorId":200616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Matthew","email":"matthewthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":912369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lindsay, Donald N.","contributorId":216337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsay","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McArdell, Brian W.","contributorId":269977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McArdell","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":40850,"text":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hirschberg, Jacob","contributorId":301934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hirschberg","given":"Jacob","affiliations":[{"id":65368,"text":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland; Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70256997,"text":"70256997 - 2024 - The geochronology of White Sands Locality 2 is resolved","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-12T13:17:50.636213","indexId":"70256997","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-04T08:31:43","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5732,"text":"PaleoAmerica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The geochronology of White Sands Locality 2 is resolved","docAbstract":"Rhode et al. (2024) allege that there are many “unresolved issues” with the geochronology of White Sands National Park (WHSA) Locality 2. They suggest there are substantial age offsets due to hard-water effects in the aquatic plants that were dated and that radiocarbon ages of pollen may be anomalously old due to reworking. In their view, the luminescence ages are likely to be maximum ages because of the probable presence of partially bleached quartz grains, overestimation of water content, and stratigraphic position of the samples. They also assert the ages of the footprint trackways are not as internally consistent as suggested and can be interpreted in various ways. We review each of these issues and show they are without merit, often irrelevant, at odds with first principles, and stem from a lack of firsthand understanding of the studies we conducted at WHSA Locality 2.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2024.2376298","usgsCitation":"Pigati, J.S., Springer, K.B., Gray, H., Bennett, M.R., and Bustos, D., 2024, The geochronology of White Sands Locality 2 is resolved: PaleoAmerica, v. 10, no. 1, p. 28-44, https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2024.2376298.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"44","ipdsId":"IP-166672","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":432272,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"White Sands National Park Locality 2","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.1550582066009,\n 32.872849990711984\n ],\n [\n -106.48245412248755,\n 32.86930180329608\n ],\n [\n -106.47897029431002,\n 32.69297332923759\n ],\n [\n -106.43042966433936,\n 32.65346535926231\n ],\n [\n -106.37842168773055,\n 32.65559686141792\n ],\n [\n -106.24026970932155,\n 32.68647249739145\n ],\n [\n -106.17377551355794,\n 32.76467012980471\n ],\n [\n -106.13625775965107,\n 32.76682115134125\n ],\n [\n -106.13541548471069,\n 32.789043826774915\n ],\n [\n -106.16611008296357,\n 32.7883270898179\n ],\n [\n -106.16697948523209,\n 32.82630293543325\n ],\n [\n -106.1516350497139,\n 32.829884382487975\n ],\n [\n -106.1550582066009,\n 32.872849990711984\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pigati, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5843-6219 jpigati@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-6219","contributorId":201167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jpigati@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Springer, Kathleen B. 0000-0002-2404-0264 kspringer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2404-0264","contributorId":149826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Springer","given":"Kathleen","email":"kspringer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gray, Harrison J. 0000-0002-4555-7473","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4555-7473","contributorId":207019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Harrison J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, Matthew R.","contributorId":265968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":54847,"text":"Bournemouth University, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bustos, David","contributorId":265969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bustos","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70264829,"text":"70264829 - 2024 - Observations of flocs in an estuary and implications for computation of settling velocity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-26T15:29:46.647918","indexId":"70264829","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-04T08:01:17","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2321,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations of flocs in an estuary and implications for computation of settling velocity","docAbstract":"The settling velocity (ws) in estuarine environments can impact whether a region is eroding or accreting sediment on the bed, yet determining this rate can be an indirect process requiring a number of assumptions. Accurate determination of ws is especially needed for numerical models to reproduce observed sediment concentrations at the appropriate timescale. We collected information on suspended sediment flocculation at a channel site (13 m deep) and a shallows site (4 m deep) within South San Francisco Estuary, alongside timeseries of flow, wave statistics, turbulent shear, and bottle samples analyzed for both ws and particle size. Using the measurements of floc size and settling velocity, we performed a sensitivity analysis on the unknown parameters in the general explicit formula for settling velocity. The collected particle size distribution data show that multiple classes of flocs are present; these are characterized as flocculi, microflocs, and macroflocs. We show that ws of flocculi is closest to ws for the full distribution. The determined parameter values lead to near-bed mass-weighted settling velocities (standard deviation) of 1.18 (0.55) and 0.22 (0.15) mm/s at the channel and shallows sites, respectively. Modeling efforts can use this work to help select an appropriate sediment model and parameter values.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2022JC019402","usgsCitation":"Allen, R., Livsey, D., and McGill, S., 2024, Observations of flocs in an estuary and implications for computation of settling velocity: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, v. 129, no. 8, e2022JC019402, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC019402.","productDescription":"e2022JC019402, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-143577","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488664,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022jc019402","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":483876,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"South San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.73260724811783,\n 38.375373912625804\n ],\n [\n -123.73260724811783,\n 37.14063832700886\n ],\n [\n -121.47531521074498,\n 37.14063832700886\n ],\n [\n -121.47531521074498,\n 38.375373912625804\n ],\n [\n -123.73260724811783,\n 38.375373912625804\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"129","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Rachel 0000-0002-0287-6466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-6466","contributorId":216002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Rachel","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Livsey, Daniel","contributorId":352687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Livsey","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":37600,"text":"Queensland University of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGill, Samantha C. 0000-0001-9320-8764","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9320-8764","contributorId":304095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGill","given":"Samantha C.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70257734,"text":"70257734 - 2024 - Toxicity of a management bait for grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) incorporated with Antimycin A","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-23T16:05:34.326487","indexId":"70257734","displayToPublicDate":"2024-08-03T06:43:41","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of a management bait for grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) incorporated with Antimycin A","docAbstract":"No current technology can specifically target grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) for control within aquatic ecosystems. Rotenone and Carbon Dioxide-Carp are currently the only available registered pesticides for grass carp; they are nonselective and typically applied throughout the water, equally exposing target and native species. A more selective control tool or pesticide application could be used by resource managers to support mitigation efforts. Development of delivery systems that exploit carp feeding strategies could increase selectivity of pesticides and minimize effects on native fishes. A pesticide with selective delivery could be less labor intensive and used within an integrative pest management strategy. The present study examined Antimycin A toxicity in juvenile and sub-adult grass carp and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) across two routes of exposure. Water-based toxicity studies were used to calculate the concentration to cause lethality in 50% of treated fish (LC50) at 24-h, while oral gavage toxicity studies were used to calculate the dose to cause lethality in 50% of treated grass carp and rainbow trout (LD50) 24- to 96-h. Although rainbow trout were more sensitive than grass carp to Antimycin A through water-based exposure, oral toxicity was similar between species, even with inherent gastrointestinal morphological differences. Successful delivery of a lethal dose of Antimycin A to grass carp was achieved through an oral route of exposure using the rapeseed bait and shows promise for registration as a control tool and eventual use in pest management plans. Although a lethal dose of Antimycin A could be incorporated into a single bait pellet, more bait was required to achieve desired mortality when fed to fish under laboratory conditions.
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, updated low-streamflow statistics for New York, excluding Long Island and including hydrologically connected watersheds in bordering States, for the first time since 1972. Historical daily streamflow data for active and inactive gages were considered for this study with periods of record as recent as March 31, 2022, adding 50 years of data to the last published low-streamflow statistics report for New York and including 119 new gages where low-streamflow statistics are calculated for the first time. Gages were evaluated across several criteria to identify gages that were not suitable for low-streamflow frequency analysis. In addition, gages were evaluated for the presence of alteration within the streamflow period of record based on previous studies and U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System site metadata including peak flow codes.
A trend analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum hypothesis test comparing data from the most recent 30 years of record to data from 30 years and earlier for each long-record gage (30 years or more of available data). Results from the trend analysis indicated that 45 unaltered and 32 altered long-record sites had a statistically significant trend for the annual minimum n-day time series; most gages showed increasing trends in the annual minimum n-day time series. Low-streamflow statistics were calculated using the most recent 30 years of record for gages with a statistically significant trend. Before and after 1972, the lowest annual 7-day and 30-day average streamflow that occurs (on average) once every 10 years (7Q10 and 30Q10 statistics respectively) increased significantly at 41 unaltered gages and decreased significantly at 3 unaltered gages where data were available.
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U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180–8349