Measurements of D and 18O concentrations of ground waters in seismically active regions are potentially useful in earthquake prediction and in elucidating mechanisms operative during earthquakes. Principles of this method are discussed and some preliminary data regarding a magnitude 5.7 earthquake at the Oroville Dam in 1975 and a series of events near San Juan Bautista in 1980 are presented to support the utility of such measurements. After earthquakes, the D content of nearby ground waters increased by several permil while the 18O content remained constant. This increase implies that H2O may have either decomposed or reacted to form molecular H2 at depth. It is emphasized that many areas must be investigated for these effects in order to find a sufficient number of \"sensitive\" water wells and springs to permit a truly effective program of earthquake research.
A wide range of rock types (abyssal tholeiite, Fe-Ti-rich basalt, andesite, and rhyodacite) were dredged from near 95°W and 85°W on the Galapagos spreading center. Computer modeling of major element compositions has shown that these rocks could be derived from common parental magmas by successive degrees of fractional crystallization. However, the P2O5/K2O ratio averages 0.83 at 95°W and 1.66 at 85°W and implies distinct mantle source compositions for the two areas. These source regions also have different rare earth element (REE) abundance patterns, with [La/Sm]EF = 0.67 at 95°W and 0.46 at 85°W. The sequence of fractionated lavas differs for the two areas and indicates earlier fractionation of apatite and titanomagnetite in the lavas from 95°W. The mantle source regions for these two areas are interpreted to be depleted in incompatible (and volatile?) elements, although the source region beneath 95°W is less severely depleted in La and K. Incompatible trace element abundances in 26 samples are used to infer that the range of Fe-Ti-rich basalt from 85°W represents 19 to 35% residual liquid following crystal fractionation of a mineral assemblage of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and lesser olivine. The most highly differentiated samples have also had less than 1% titanomagnetite removed. Most samples from 85°W can be related to a common parental magma that contained approximately 9 wt % FeO*, 1 wt % TiO2, and had an Mg number (Mg# = 100 Mg/(Mg + Fe2+)) of about 65. Although the samples from 95°W cannot all be derived from a common parental magma, the inferred parental magmas may have been derived by varying degrees of partial melting of a common source. The fractionation sequence consists of two parts: an initial iron enrichment trend followed by a silica enrichment trend. We interpret the trace element data to indicate that the most iron rich lavas represent about 32% residual liquid derived by crystal fractionation of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and lesser olivine from a parental magma with an Mg number of about 66. The silica enrichment trend results from crystallization of titanomagnetite and some apatite. Fractionation of pigeonite, which is a minor phase in the major element models, cannot be distinguished from clinopyroxene fractionation by using trace elements.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB086iB10p09469","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Clague, D., Frey, F., Thompson, G., and Rindge, S., 1981, Minor and trace element geochemistry of volcanic rocks dredged from the Galapagos spreading center: Role of crystal fractionation and mantle heterogeneity: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 86, no. B10, p. 9469-9482, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB086iB10p09469.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"9469","endPage":"9482","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221005,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"B10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b1fe4b0c8380cd6f340","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clague, D.A.","contributorId":36129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frey, F.A.","contributorId":12618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, G.","contributorId":55958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rindge, S.","contributorId":55959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rindge","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":56849,"text":"wdrMDDE791 - 1980 - Water resources data for Maryland and Delaware, water year 1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T19:30:50.015756","indexId":"wdrMDDE791","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-22T14:45:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MD-DE-79-1","displayTitle":"Water Resources Data Maryland and Delaware, Water Year 1979","title":"Water resources data for Maryland and Delaware, water year 1979","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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\"}}]}","contact":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f434e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70180029,"text":"70180029 - 1980 - Developing a state water plan: Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T13:15:36","indexId":"70180029","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":110,"text":"Cooperative Investigations Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"19","title":"Developing a state water plan: Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 1980","docAbstract":"This is the seventeenth in a series of annual reports that describe ground-water conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, prepared cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Division of Water Resources, provide data to enable interested parties to keep abreast of changing ground-water conditions.
This report, like the others in the series, contains information on well construction, ground-water withdrawals, water-level changes, and related changes in precipitation and streamflow. Supplementary data such as graphs showing chemical quality of water and maps showing water-table configuration are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas for which applicable data are available and are important to a discussion of changing ground-water conditions.
This report includes individual discussions of selected major areas of ground-water withdrawal in the State for the calendar year 1979. Water-level fluctuations, however, are described for the period spring 1979 to spring 1980. Much of the data used in this report were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Division of Water Rights, Utah Department of Natural Resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Utah","usgsCitation":"Herbert, L.R., Garrett, R., Gerhart, E., Steiger, J.I., Appel, C.L., Jensen, V., Enright, M., Dubois, S., Emett, D.C., Guhman, A., Neff, L., Sultz, L., and Sandberg, G.W., 1980, Developing a state water plan: Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 1980: Cooperative Investigations Report 19, vi, 72 p.","productDescription":"vi, 72 p.","numberOfPages":"78","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333725,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333722,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=50-1-185"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5887248ae4b08aa8f945abf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herbert, L. R.","contributorId":39865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herbert","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garrett, R. B.","contributorId":35810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrett","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gerhart, E.C.","contributorId":178540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerhart","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steiger, Judy I. jsteiger@usgs.gov","contributorId":3689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steiger","given":"Judy","email":"jsteiger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":659910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Appel, Cynthia L.","contributorId":34509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Appel","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jensen, V.L.","contributorId":99034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"V.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Enright, Michael","contributorId":99979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enright","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dubois, S.K.","contributorId":178597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dubois","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Emett, D. 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W.","contributorId":55426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70179787,"text":"70179787 - 1980 - Utah water use data: Public water supplies, 1960-1978","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T09:25:40","indexId":"70179787","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5267,"text":"Utah Division of Water Rights Water-Use Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"1","title":"Utah water use data: Public water supplies, 1960-1978","docAbstract":"This report was prepared as a part of the Statewide cooperative water-resources investigation program administered jointly by the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights and the United States Geological Survey. The program is conducted to meet the water administration and water-resources data needs of the State, as well as the water information needs of many units of government and the general public.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Utah, Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Mills, D., Jibson, R., Riley, J., Hooper, D., and Schwarting, R., 1980, Utah water use data: Public water supplies, 1960-1978: Utah Division of Water Rights Water-Use Report 1, vi, 250 p.","productDescription":"vi, 250 p.","numberOfPages":"260","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333282,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333281,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=21-5-020"}],"country":"United 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space age lies a key to increased knowledge about the resources and environment of the Earth. This key is remote sensing detecting the nature of an object without actually touching it. Although the photographic camera is the most familiar remote-sensing device, other instrument systems, such as scanning radiometers and radar, also can produce photographs and images. On the basis of the potential of this technology, and in response to the critical need for greater knowledge of the Earth and its resources, the Department of the Interior established the Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Program to gather and use remotely sensed data collected by satellite and aircraft of natural and manmade features on the Earth's surface.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70039492","usgsCitation":"Metz, G., and Wiepking, P., 1980, EROS: A space program for Earth resources: General Information Product, 3 p. (7 columns), https://doi.org/10.3133/70039492.","productDescription":"3 p. (7 columns)","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261624,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039492/report.pdf"},{"id":261625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039492/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","city":"Sioux Falls","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97,43.38333333333333 ], [ -97,43.75 ], [ 96.38333333333334,43.75 ], [ 96.38333333333334,43.38333333333333 ], [ -97,43.38333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0466e4b0c8380cd50969","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metz, G.G.","contributorId":12731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiepking, P.J.","contributorId":35172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiepking","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":98559,"text":"wri80689 - 1980 - Storm runoff as related to urbanization in the Portland, Oregon-Vancouver, Washington Area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-17T19:46:01.011552","indexId":"wri80689","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-689","title":"Storm runoff as related to urbanization in the Portland, Oregon-Vancouver, Washington Area","docAbstract":"A series of equations was developed to provide a better method of determining flood frequencies in the Portland-Vancouver urban area than is now available. The resulting regression equations can be used to compute peak discharge and storm runoff with a standard error of estimate of approximately 30 percent. Basins used to define the regression equations ranged in size from 0.2 to 26 square miles. Those physical basin parameters that proved to be significant are: drainage area, effective impervious area, storage, rainfall intensity, basin slope, and soil infiltration. The equations indicate that total urbanization of an undeveloped basin can increase peak discharge as much as 3? times and almost double the volume of storm runoff.\n\nImpervious area, as delineated by mapping techniques, proved to be an inadequate physical parameter for use in the regression equations because builders and planners have devised many methods of routing storm runoff from impervious areas to the main channel (in effect, speeding up or slowing down the response to the storm). In some parts of the study area, storm runoff was diverted into dry wells and never entered the main channel. To define the effect of this rerouting, the digital model was used to find an effective impervious area that would 'best fit' the rainfall-runoff data. Field estimates to verify the effectiveness of the impervious area for two of the basins showed that optimizations were within 20 percent of those shown by the digital model.\n\nUsers of these data who may find the effective impervious area a difficult, expensive, and time-consuming parameter to obtain have an alternative. The combination of land-use type I (parks, forests, and vacant lots) and Type II (agriculture) proved to be an excellent inverse indicator of impervious area. Land-use types I and II, coupled with the street-gutter density, an indication of effective routing, provide the user with alternative indices of urbanization.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri80689","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Portland, Multnomah County, Oregon, Clark County, Washington and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Laenen, A., 1980, Storm runoff as related to urbanization in the Portland, Oregon-Vancouver, Washington Area (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-689, Report: viii, 62 p.; 1 Plate: 36.00 x 40.19 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri80689.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 62 p.; 1 Plate: 36.00 x 40.19 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116034,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_80_689.jpg"},{"id":414348,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri80-689/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":13956,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri80-689/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"English","state":"Oregon, Washington","city":"Portland, Vancouver","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.25,\n 45.75\n ],\n [\n -122.25,\n 45.333\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 45.333\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 45.75\n ],\n [\n -122.25,\n 45.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b30e4b07f02db6b407f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laenen, Antonius","contributorId":107673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laenen","given":"Antonius","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221551,"text":"5221551 - 1980 - Estimating the size and trend of the California condor population, 1965-1978","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:46","indexId":"5221551","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:33","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the size and trend of the California condor population, 1965-1978","docAbstract":"During 1965-1978, three principal methods were used to measure the size and trend of the California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus) population. An October survey conducted by as many as 136 observers had limited value because daily activity patterns of condors were unpredictable and because analysis of results could not be standardized. Evaluation of 4,381 condor observations by cooperators, and results of comparative surveys done in 1970-1971 and 1977-1978 show declines in numbers of condor sightings, numbers of condors per sighting, and in the numbers of sightings including more than one immature-plumaged bird. The data cannot be evaluated statistically, but they suggest a marked decline in the condor population between 1965 and 1978. Future refinements of survey techniques are dependent on having individually recognizable condors in the population.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Wilbur, S., 1980, Estimating the size and trend of the California condor population, 1965-1978: California Fish and Game, v. 66, no. 1, p. 40-48.","productDescription":"40-48","startPage":"40","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc066","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilbur, S.R.","contributorId":53908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilbur","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221566,"text":"5221566 - 1980 - Computer simulation models as tools for identifying research needs: A black duck population model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:41","indexId":"5221566","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3640,"text":"Transactions of the Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society, Annual Fish and Wildlife Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Computer simulation models as tools for identifying research needs: A black duck population model","docAbstract":"Existing data on the mortality and production rates of the black duck (Anas rubripes) were used to construct a WATFIV computer simulation model. The yearly cycle was divided into 8 phases: hunting, wintering, reproductive, molt, post-molt, and juvenile dispersal mortality, and production from original and renesting attempts. The program computes population changes for sex and age classes during each phase. After completion of a standard simulation run with all variable default values in effect, a sensitivity analysis was conducted by changing each of 50 input variables, 1 at a time, to assess the responsiveness of the model to changes in each variable. Thirteen variables resulted in a substantial change in population level. Adult mortality factors were important during hunting and wintering phases. All production and mortality associated with original nesting attempts were sensitive, as was juvenile dispersal mortality. By identifying those factors which invoke the greatest population change, and providing an indication of the accuracy required in estimating these factors, the model helps to identify those variables which would be most profitable topics for future research.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society, Annual Fish and Wildlife Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Ringelman, J., and Longcore, J.R., 1980, Computer simulation models as tools for identifying research needs: A black duck population model: Transactions of the Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society, Annual Fish and Wildlife Conference, v. 37, p. 182-193.","productDescription":"182-193","startPage":"182","endPage":"193","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a3417","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ringelman, J.K.","contributorId":65418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringelman","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221589,"text":"5221589 - 1980 - Waterfowl production estimates on forested wetlands from pair and brood counts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"5221589","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:38","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waterfowl production estimates on forested wetlands from pair and brood counts","docAbstract":"Waterfowl pair and brood counts and estimates of total brood utilization were obtained from 10 beaver (Castor canadensis) flowages in north-central Minnesota and compared with rank correlation techniques. Summing the data for each species, correlation between pair and brood censuses was significant ( p = 0.8304, P < 0.025). Similarly, using the flowages as replicate samples of a habitat type, correlation between pair and brood censuses was again significant (p = 0.6076, P < 0.05). These data suggest that both pair and brood censuses are suitable for developing indices to waterfowl recruitment on small wetlands in forested areas. Neither method, however, correlates significantly with total brood use of the flowages, a phenomenon not related in a cause-and-effect way to indices of population recruitment. Evaluation of waterfowl populations on wooded impoundments and beaver flowages is difficult, but amenable to ground census techniques. The demands of resource management may soon justify application of such methods to areas that cannot be adequately assessed by aircraft.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"2394_Kirby.pdf","usgsCitation":"Kirby, R., 1980, Waterfowl production estimates on forested wetlands from pair and brood counts: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 8, no. 4, p. 273-278.","productDescription":"273-278","startPage":"273","endPage":"278","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17037,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3781177","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":198902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db6877cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, R.E.","contributorId":75871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159186,"text":"70159186 - 1980 - Survey of resampling techniques using MSS and synthetic imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-12T13:48:59","indexId":"70159186","displayToPublicDate":"2010-02-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Survey of resampling techniques using MSS and synthetic imagery","docAbstract":"The objective of this survey is to investigate the methods of interpolation and deconvolution for image restoration The methods evaluated are nearest neighbor, bilinear interpolation, cubic convolution, and two-dimensional deconvolution. The effects of these restoration methods are demonstrated using Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) data and synthetic imagery.
\nThe effect of these restoration methods are compared as to resolution and spatial frequency effects. The edge effect, a situation that occurs when fill (non-image) data is interpolated with image data, is also addressed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Sioux Falls, South Dakota","doi":"10.3133/70159186","usgsCitation":"Bauer, B.P., 1980, Survey of resampling techniques using MSS and synthetic imagery, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159186.","productDescription":"37 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311254,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159186/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":310009,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159186.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56237130e4b06217fc47dead","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bauer, Brian P.","contributorId":58946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5230171,"text":"5230171 - 1980 - Coastal and Marine Bird Data Base","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5230171","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"80/39","title":"Coastal and Marine Bird Data Base","docAbstract":"Summary: This report discusses the development of a coastal and marine bird data base at the Migratory Bird and Habitat Research Laboratory. The system is compared with other data bases, and suggestions for future development, such as possible adaptations for other taxonomic groups, are included. The data base is based on the Statistical Analysis System but includes extensions programmed in PL/I. The Appendix shows how the system evolved. Output examples are given for heron data and pelagic bird data which indicate the types of analyses that can be conducted and output figures. The Appendixes include a retrieval language user's guide and description of the retrieval process and listing of translator program.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Anderson, S., Geissler, P., and Dawson, D., 1980, Coastal and Marine Bird Data Base: FWS/OBS 80/39, vii, 54.","productDescription":"vii, 54","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeb70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, S.H.","contributorId":33667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geissler, P.H.","contributorId":24038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, D.K. 0000-0001-7531-212X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7531-212X","contributorId":94752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"D.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70039443,"text":"70039443 - 1980 - Digital terrain tapes: user guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-11T01:01:52","indexId":"70039443","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-23T15:42:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Digital terrain tapes: user guide","docAbstract":"DMATC's digital terrain tapes are a by-product of the agency's efforts to streamline the production of raised-relief maps. In the early 1960's DMATC developed the Digital Graphics Recorder (DGR) system that introduced new digitizing techniques and processing methods into the field of three-dimensional mapping. The DGR system consisted of an automatic digitizing table and a computer system that recorded a grid of terrain elevations from traces of the contour lines on standard topographic maps. A sequence of computer accuracy checks was performed and then the elevations of grid points not intersected by contour lines were interpolated. The DGR system produced computer magnetic tapes which controlled the carving of plaster forms used to mold raised-relief maps. It was realized almost immediately that this relatively simple tool for carving plaster molds had enormous potential for storing, manipulating, and selectively displaying (either graphically or numerically) a vast number of terrain elevations. As the demand for the digital terrain tapes increased, DMATC began developing increasingly advanced digitizing systems and now operates the Digital Topographic Data Collection System (DTDCS). With DTDCS, two types of data elevations as contour lines and points, and stream and ridge lines are sorted, matched, and resorted to obtain a grid of elevation values for every 0.01 inch on each map (approximately 200 feet on the ground). Undefined points on the grid are found by either linear or or planar interpolation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039443","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, Digital terrain tapes: user guide, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039443.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":409,"text":"National Cartographic Information Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261582,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039443/report.pdf"},{"id":261583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039443/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a018fe4b0c8380cd4fc63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79009,"text":"wdrOH801 - 1980 - Water Resources Data for Ohio, Water Year 1980--Volume 1. Ohio River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:00","indexId":"wdrOH801","displayToPublicDate":"2006-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"OH-80-1","title":"Water Resources Data for Ohio, Water Year 1980--Volume 1. Ohio River basin","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrOH801","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, Water Resources Data for Ohio, Water Year 1980--Volume 1. Ohio River basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report OH-80-1, NA, https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrOH801.","productDescription":"NA","temporalStart":"1979-10-01","temporalEnd":"1980-09-30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fca6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012300,"text":"70012300 - 1980 - Biostratigraphic correlation of Pleistocene marine deposits and sea levels, Atlantic coastal plain of the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-10T16:34:21.813304","indexId":"70012300","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biostratigraphic correlation of Pleistocene marine deposits and sea levels, Atlantic coastal plain of the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Marine ostracodes from 50 localities were studied to determine the age and elevation of Pleistocene sea levels in the Atlantic coastal plain from Maryland to northern Florida. Using ostracode taxon and concurrent ranges, published planktic biostratigraphic, paleomagnetic, and radiometric data, ostracode assemblage zones representing early (1.8-1.0 my), middle (0.7-0.4 my), and late (0.3-0.01 my) Pleistocene deposition were recognized and used as a basis for correlation. Ostracode biofacies signifying lagoonal, oyster bank, estuarine, open sound, and inner sublittoral environments provided estimated ranges of paleodepths for each locality. From these data the following minimum and maximum Pleistocene sea-level estimates were determined for the southeastern coastal plain: late Pleistocene, 2–10 m from Maryland to northern Florida; middle Pleistocene, 6–15 m in northern South Carolina; early Pleistocene, 4–22 m in central North Carolina, 13–35 m in southern North Carolina, and 6–27 m in South Carolina. Climatically induced glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations adequately account for the late Pleistocene sea-level data, but other factors, possibly differential crustal uplift, may have complicated the early Pleistocene record.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(80)90030-7","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., 1980, Biostratigraphic correlation of Pleistocene marine deposits and sea levels, Atlantic coastal plain of the southeastern United States: Quaternary Research, v. 13, no. 2, p. 213-229, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(80)90030-7.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"229","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222711,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"outer Atlantic coastal plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.6682117014428,\n 39.72546615281436\n ],\n [\n -78.27306340052574,\n 39.72546615281436\n ],\n [\n -76.79283465669067,\n 35.80318518317111\n ],\n [\n -78.92672601079443,\n 34.211873008948075\n ],\n [\n -81.5678472539687,\n 32.31895649692177\n ],\n [\n -82.46579959616699,\n 30.334640126166143\n ],\n [\n -81.65380345742214,\n 28.88877856472959\n ],\n [\n -80.26494895491757,\n 28.984380993004663\n ],\n [\n -78.17025116547585,\n 32.633662226362965\n ],\n [\n -74.65942093769509,\n 34.989617964023566\n ],\n [\n -75.41645363794126,\n 37.717116373821035\n ],\n [\n -76.6682117014428,\n 39.72546615281436\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f198e4b0c8380cd4ad1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70039195,"text":"70039195 - 1980 - EROS Data Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-09T09:34:16","indexId":"70039195","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T15:35:13","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"EROS Data Center","docAbstract":"The Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center, located in Sioux Falls, SD, is a data management, systems development, and research field center of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Mapping Division. The Center was established in the early 1970's to receive, process, and distribute data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Landsat satellites. The Center holds the world's largest collection of space and aircraft acquired imagery of the Earth. These holdings include over 2 million images acquired from satellites and over 8 million aerial photographs. The Center is also a major focal point for information concerning the holdings of foreign Landsat ground reception stations and data acquired by other countries' Earth observing satellites. The central U.S. location provides the Center with a unique capability to receive real-time electronic signals from Earth orbiting satellites, used for developing data sets of most of the North American continent.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70039195","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, EROS Data Center: General Information Product, 4 p. (10 folded p.), https://doi.org/10.3133/70039195.","productDescription":"4 p. (10 folded p.)","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261362,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039195/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.85 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":261363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039195/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0465e4b0c8380cd50962","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185168,"text":"70185168 - 1980 - Additional studies of competition and performance in OCS oil and gas sales, 1954-1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T14:14:22","indexId":"70185168","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Additional studies of competition and performance in OCS oil and gas sales, 1954-1975","docAbstract":"Economic rent is commonly defined in economics as any payment to a factor of production in excess of the minimum necessary to engage it in production. In the case of OCS lands owned by the federal government, the minimum supply price necessary to induce the federal government to lease production rights would be the costs of establishing and administering lease contracts. Assuming, for the sake of simplicity, that these costs are small enough to be ignored in the analysis, all payments to the federal government for use of OCS lands are forms of economic rent.
An ideal leasing system should transfer the full amount of economic rent implicit in OCS resources to the federal government. Whether such a complete transfer of economic rent occurs depends upon the conditions of competition in the market for OCS leases. The principal means for capturing economic rent under the bidding system employed by the federal government over the years 1954-1969 are the bonus paid by the highest bidder and a royalty payment which has historically been fixed at 16 2/3 percent of gross production value. Of less importance is an annual rental payment, usually about \\$3.00 per acre, which is paid as long as a tract under lease is not producing.
In the sections which follow, major factors affecting the capture of economic rent by the federal government are discussed and data are presented which demonstrate the importance of the different means used. In computing the amounts of economic rent captured by the federal government, the discounted cash flow technique is employed. This requires selection of an appropriate discount rate, in contrast to the internal rate of return analysis used in Part I, above.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70185168","usgsCitation":"Mead, W.J., and Sorensen, P.E., 1980, Additional studies of competition and performance in OCS oil and gas sales, 1954-1975, iii, 109 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70185168.","productDescription":"iii, 109 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":337674,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70185168/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":338393,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70185168/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca5301e4b0849ce97c8762","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mead, Walter J.","contributorId":36564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mead","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorensen, Philip Edward","contributorId":103686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorensen","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":37236,"text":"rp137 - 1980 - Handbook of acute toxicity of chemicals to fish and aquatic invertebrates : summaries of toxicity tests conducted at Columbia National Fisheries Research Laboratory, 1965-78","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-02T11:41:56","indexId":"rp137","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"137","title":"Handbook of acute toxicity of chemicals to fish and aquatic invertebrates : summaries of toxicity tests conducted at Columbia National Fisheries Research Laboratory, 1965-78","docAbstract":"Acute toxicity is a major subject of research at Columbia National Fisheries Research Laboratory for evaluating the impact of toxic chemicals on fishery resources. The Laboratory has played a leading role in developing research technology for toxicity testing and data interpretation. In 1965-78, more than 400 chemicals were tested against a variety of invertebrates and fish species representative of both cold- and warm-water climates.
The use of acute toxicity tests for assessing the potential hazard of chemical contaminants to aquatic organisms is well documented (Boyd 1957; Henderson et al. 1960; Sanders and Cope 1966; Macek and McAllister 1970). Static acute toxicity tests provide rapid and (within limits) reproducible concentration-response curves for estimating toxic effects of chemicals on aquatic organisms. These tests provide a database for determining relative toxicity of a large number of chemicals to a variety of species and for estimating acute effects of chemical spills on natural aquatic systems; they also assist in determining priority and design of additional toxicity studies.
Acute toxicity tests usually provide estimates of the exposure concentration causing 50% mortality (LC50) to test organisms during a specified period of time. For certain invertebrates, the effective concentration is based on immobilization, or some other identifiable endpoint, rather than on lethality. The application of the LC50 has gained acceptance among toxicologists and is generally the most highly rated test for assessing potential adverse effects of chemical contaminants to aquatic life (Brungs and Mount 1978; American Institute for Biological Sciences 1978a).
The literature contains numerous papers dealing with the acute toxicity of chemicals to freshwater organisms. However, there is a tremendous need for a concise compendium of toxicity data covering a large variety of chemicals and test species. This Handbook is a compilation of a large volume of acute toxicity data from the Columbia Laboratory and its field laboratories. It presents definitive acute toxicity data on 271 chemicals tested against a variety of freshwater invertebrates and fishes. The chemicals represent all major groups of pesticides, as well as numerous industrial chemicals. This compilation should serve as a useful database for the many agencies and organizations dealing with research and management programs concerned with the impact of chemicals on aquatic resources.
The Columbia Laboratory has played a major role in developing currently used standard methodology for static acute toxicity testing. The use of standardized methodology greatly reduces variation in results. The data presented here have been carefully scrutinized to eliminate tests that failed to follow acceptable procedures. Handling of test organisms and procedures for static toxicity tests followed those described by Lennon and Walker (1964) and Macek and McAllister (1970), and conform well with those recommended by Brauhn and Schoettger (1975) and the Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms (1975).
The species of fish and invertebrates that were tested are listed in phylogenetic order in Tables 1 and 2. Fish were obtained from Federal and State hatcheries as either eggs or fry. Original stocks of invertebrates were collected and cultured from wild populations with no known source of contamination; these populations were replenished regularly. The invertebrates were cultured in the Laboratory by methods similar to those described by Sanders and Cope (1966).
Test chemicals usually consisted of technical or analytical grade samples of known purity. Formulations of the chemicals were also tested when available. When purity of test chemicals was known, all calculated concentrations were based on percent active ingredients. Stock solutions were prepared immediately before each test, with commercial grade acetone as the carrier solvent. Occasionally, ethanol or dimethyl-formamide was substituted. Solvent concentrations did not exceed 0.5 mL/L in final dilution water.
Test water (dilution water) was reconstituted from deionized water of at least 106 ohms resistivity by the addition of appropriate reagent grade chemicals (Marking 1969). Water was buffered to maintain a pH of 7.2 to 7.5, an alkalinity of 30 to 35 mg/L, and a hardness of 40 to 50 mg/L as CaCO3. Test water was mixed thoroughly and aerated before transfer into test chambers. Fish were acclimated to dilution water by gradually changing the water in acclimated tanks from 100% well water to 100% reconstituted water over a 1- to 3-day period at the desired testing temperature. Invertebrates were acclimated from well water to dilution water over a 4- to 6-h period. Toxicity tests were conducted under static conditions without aeration, and the organisms were not fed during acclimation or testing. Temperature of test solutions was maintained within ± 1°C of that required for a given test.
Toxicity tests with fish were conducted in 18.9-liter (5-gal) wide-mouthed jars containing 15 liters of test solution. Fingerling fish weighing 0.2 to 1.5 g were tested at each concentration. Caution was taken not to exceed 0.8 g of test organisms per liter of solution. Duplicate test chambers were used to accommodate larger fish. Test chambers varied in size for invertebrates, depending on the species used; volume of test solution ranged from 0.25 to 4 liters. At least 10 organisms were exposed to each concentration for all definitive tests. At least six concentrations were used per toxicity test.
The tests began upon initial exposure to the toxicant and continued for 96 h. Immobilization tests with invertebrates were conducted for only 48 h. The number of dead or affected organisms in each test chamber were recorded and the dead organisms were removed every 24 h; general observations on the condition of test organisms were also recorded at these times.
Toxicity data were analyzed by a statistical method described by Litchfield and Wilcoxon (1949) to determine LC50 (theoretical estimate of the concentration lethal to 50% of the test animals) and 95% confidence intervals. This method is recommended by the American Public Health Association (1971) and by Sprague (1969) for determining median lethal concentrations. The procedure is easily modified for computing a single LC50 when replicate tests are performed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Johnson, W.W., and Finley, M.T., 1980, Handbook of acute toxicity of chemicals to fish and aquatic invertebrates : summaries of toxicity tests conducted at Columbia National Fisheries Research Laboratory, 1965-78: Resource Publication 137, v, 98 p.","productDescription":"v, 98 p.","numberOfPages":"106","temporalStart":"1965-01-01","temporalEnd":"1978-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":330650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290334,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/37236/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a538","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, W. Waynon","contributorId":89581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Waynon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":511199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finley, Mack T.","contributorId":73250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"Mack","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":511198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":61000,"text":"mf1250 - 1980 - Maps showing coal resources of the Crumpler quadrangle, Mercer, McDowell, and Wyoming Counties, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-27T21:13:25.508938","indexId":"mf1250","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1250","title":"Maps showing coal resources of the Crumpler quadrangle, Mercer, McDowell, and Wyoming Counties, West Virginia","docAbstract":"Coal Geology
The Crumpler quadrangle lies in the Appalachian Plateaus province, with the coal bearing Pocahontas and New River Formations of Pennsylvanian age having a gentle dip toward the northwest. Coal bed maps were prepared (figures 1-7) and resources were estimated (table 1) for seven of the many coal beds in the Crumpler quadrangle (Stricker, 1980, lists the names of the various coal beds in the quadrangle) following methods established by U.S. Bureau of Mines and U.S. Geological Survey, 1976. All of these coal beds crop out at the surface in the quadrangle, have a maximum thickness thickness of over-burden of less than 300 meters, and have been mined at the surface, or under-ground, or both. Resource estimates were not calculated for other coal beds in the Pocahontas and New River Formations, either because of insufficient data of because of the beds are too thin. Figure 8 is a generalized stratigraphic column of the coal-bearing sequence in the Crumpler quadrangle showing thickness and relative positions of the various coal beds. The Crumpler quadrangle originally contained about 498 million metric tons of coal. Approximately 326 million metric tons have been mined, or lost in mining, leaving remaining resources of 172 million metric tons.
Analyses of the mined coal beds in the Crumpler and adjacent quadrangle show the coal is medium - to low volatile bituminous (most are low volatile bituminous), containing 14-27 percent volatile matter (with an arithmetic mean of 18 percent), 2.1-22.4 percent ash (with an arithmetic mean of 7 percent), and 0.5-1.8 percent total sulfur (with an arithmetic mean of 0.8 percent). Heating values range from 6,380 to 8,610 Kcal/kg on an as-received basis. Trace element and major and minor oxide composition, of both whole coal and laboratory ash, for 59 samples within or near the quadrangle were obtained from USCHEM (Geochemical Data File or National Coal Resources Data System), (Kozey and others, 1980.) Neither elements of environmental concern such as arsenic, lead, mercury, and selenium nor potentially valuable elements such as germanium, uranium and thorium were found in significant amounts in the coal.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1250","usgsCitation":"Stricker, G.D., 1980, Maps showing coal resources of the Crumpler quadrangle, Mercer, McDowell, and Wyoming Counties, West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1250, 1 Plate: 33.84 x 31.87 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1250.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 33.84 x 31.87 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1250.jpg"},{"id":389851,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6860.htm"},{"id":284425,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1250/plate-1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","county":"Mcdowell County, Mercer County, Wyoming County","otherGeospatial":"Crumpler quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.375,37.375 ], [ -81.375,37.5 ], [ -81.25,37.5 ], [ -81.25,37.375 ], [ -81.375,37.375 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6623e4b0b290851008bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stricker, Gary D. gstricker@usgs.gov","contributorId":87163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricker","given":"Gary","email":"gstricker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":264807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23936,"text":"ofr80975 - 1980 - Selected water-level records for Oklahoma, 1979-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:09","indexId":"ofr80975","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-975","title":"Selected water-level records for Oklahoma, 1979-80","docAbstract":"A systematic program to collect water-level records in Oklahoma began in 1937. The objectives of this program are (1) to provide long-term records of water-level fluctuations in representative wells, (2) to facilitate the prediction of water-level trends and indicate future availability of ground-water supplies, and (3) to provide information for use in basic research.\nWater-level data in table 1 are from wells that are measured annually, prior to the irrigation season to achieve the most natural representation of the static water level. Water level measurements listed in the column under 1979 may have been made during December 1978 or January, February, March, April, or May 1979. Measurements listed in the column 1980 may have been made during December 1979 or January, February, March, or April 1980. Figure 1 shows the counties and number of wells therein, where data were obtained for this report.\n\nRecords of water levels in Oklahoma are obtained through a cooperative program by the Oklahoma Water Resources Board and the U.S. Geological Survey. The Oklahoma Water Resources Board collects water level data for all counties in the State and the records are tabulated and published by the U.S. Geological Survey on an annual basis.\n\nThe stratigraphic nomenclature and age determinations used in this report are those accepted by the Oklahoma Geological Survey and do not necessarily agree with those at the U.S. Geological Survey except for the Cheyenne Sandstone which is considered to be Purgatoire Sandstone by the Oklahoma Geological Survey (Robert O. Fay, Personal Communication, August 9, 1979).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80975","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Mills, W.B., and Spiser, D.E., 1980, Selected water-level records for Oklahoma, 1979-80: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-975, v, 59 p. :map ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80975.","productDescription":"v, 59 p. :map ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":94509,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015048180643?urlappend=%3Bseq=3"},{"id":156590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689d26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, Willard B.","contributorId":29390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Willard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spiser, Dannie E.","contributorId":42214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spiser","given":"Dannie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24296,"text":"ofr80833 - 1980 - Data on some stratabound Precambrian deposits containing zinc, copper, lead, silver, and gold in the Royal Gorge 15-minute quadrangle, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:01","indexId":"ofr80833","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-833","title":"Data on some stratabound Precambrian deposits containing zinc, copper, lead, silver, and gold in the Royal Gorge 15-minute quadrangle, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80833","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Raymond, W.H., and Sheridan, D.M., 1980, Data on some stratabound Precambrian deposits containing zinc, copper, lead, silver, and gold in the Royal Gorge 15-minute quadrangle, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-833, 9 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80833.","productDescription":"9 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0833/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53412,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0833/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c7fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raymond, William H.","contributorId":48555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymond","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheridan, Douglas M.","contributorId":13966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24166,"text":"ofr80187 - 1980 - Test and calibration of the Seismic Research Observatory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-17T10:47:30","indexId":"ofr80187","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-187","title":"Test and calibration of the Seismic Research Observatory","docAbstract":"The Seismic Research Observatory (SRO) network is generating an important new data base for seismological research. The SRO systems have extended both the range and resolution of seismic measurements beyond the limits of conventional seismographs and the data are recorded in digital format making it convenient to automate processing and analysis. The SRO network now comprises 12 stations and one additional station will be installed. The data produced by the SRO network, and other digital systems being installed to supplement the SRO network, will be collected by the U.S. Geological Survey's Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory, organized into network-day tapes, and made available to research organizations throughout the world. The network-day tapes are particularly unique and useful data files as they will contain not only seismic data but all of the information needed by an analyst to interpret the data, including station constants and calibration and other instrumental parameters. Hoffman (in preperation) describe these tapes and the format used in their compilation.
The global digital data base for seismology is still relatively limited in terms of both geographical and temporal coverage. For this reason there is a tendency, perhaps, to stretch the applicability of the available data beyond the intended purposes. The danger in this is compounded by the fact that computer processing and analysis often can be done without even looking at the waveforms, and it is done with deceptively high computational precision that belies the basic accuracy of the measurements. The day may be passing when seismologists have a hands-on familiarity with the data acquisition systems, but clearly it is as important as ever that they have a knowledge of the capabilities and limitations of the instruments.
The primary objective of the SRO network was to lower the threshold of event detection in the long-period band. This was achieved by using a newly-developed borehole seismometer that is capable of resolving both vertical and horizontal components of earth background noise at the quietest sites on earth. Another objective was to accommodate a large range of signla amplitudes. This was achieved by using an advanced digital recording systems which provides at least 110 dB of separation between system noise levels and clipping levels in the principal bands of interest. The broadband capability was not an initial program requirement and is not being fully utilized at present, but it adds significantly to the research potential of the network. The SRO systems have proven to be reliable in operation and the general quality of the data is excellent.
Every seismograph has functional limits of accuracy, and the SRO system is no exception. The chief purpose of this report is to define these limits for the SRO system and provide the most accurate calibration data currently available. At the same time we will describe the testing program in sufficient detail so that the data user can make his own judgments regarding the effectiveness and accuracy of the tests. This report is not a final statement; further work is needed in some areas to completely define the SRO system, in some cases purely for academic reasons. Refinements in calibration will appear on the network-day tapes as the new data become available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80187","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Peterson, J., Hutt, C.R., and Holcomb, L.G., 1980, Test and calibration of the Seismic Research Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-187, ii, 86 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80187.","productDescription":"ii, 86 p.","costCenters":[{"id":122,"text":"Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9703,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0187/ofr80-187.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.89 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 1980-0187"},{"id":155444,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0187/coverthb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684f6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Jon","contributorId":67522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Jon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutt, Charles R. 0000-0001-9033-9195 bhutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-9195","contributorId":1622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutt","given":"Charles","email":"bhutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holcomb, L. Gary","contributorId":26308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holcomb","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23933,"text":"ofr801195 - 1980 - Hydrologic monitoring program in Eldridge-Wilde and East Lake Road well-field areas, Pinellas and Hillsborough counties, Florida, 1978","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-02T08:00:06","indexId":"ofr801195","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1195","title":"Hydrologic monitoring program in Eldridge-Wilde and East Lake Road well-field areas, Pinellas and Hillsborough counties, Florida, 1978","docAbstract":"This report describes the observation-well network in Eldridge-Wilde and East Lake Road well-field areas, Pinellas and Hillsborough Counties, Florida. Data obtained in 1978 from the network in and adjacent to the two well fields, as well as rainfall and pumpage records, are presented. The Southwest Florida Water Management District has established regulatory water-level limits in four observation wells and water-quality limits in three observation wells. Water levels dropped below regulatory limits in the spring of 1978 in three wells. Chloride concentrations in 1978 remained above regulatory limits for the entire year in one well and exceeded the limit during the late spring in the other two deep wells, both west of Eldridge-Wilde well field. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr801195","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Mills, L.R., 1980, Hydrologic monitoring program in Eldridge-Wilde and East Lake Road well-field areas, Pinellas and Hillsborough counties, Florida, 1978: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1195, iv, 27 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801195.","productDescription":"iv, 27 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1195/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":275925,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1195/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606973","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, L. R.","contributorId":26281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55502,"text":"wdrLA801 - 1980 - Water resources data for Louisiana, water year 1980: Volume 1. Central and northern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-02T16:37:44.73193","indexId":"wdrLA801","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"LA-80-1","title":"Water resources data for Louisiana, water year 1980: Volume 1. Central and northern Louisiana","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1980 water year for Louisiana consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground water. This report, in three volumes, contains records for water discharge at 75 gaging stations (including stage for 71 of these stations); stage only for 38 gaging stations and 11 lakes; contents for 1 reservoir; water quality for 124 surface-water stations (including 34 gaging stations,107 miscellaneous sites, and 15 lakes), and 268 wells; and water levels for 506 observation wells. Also included are data for 271 crest-stage and flood-profile partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. Records for a few pertinent stations in bordering States are also included in this report. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal Agencies in Louisiana.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrLA801","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development and with other State and Federal agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, Water resources data for Louisiana, water year 1980: Volume 1. 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f601f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30237,"text":"wri79102 - 1980 - Evaluation of remote hydrologic data-acquisition systems, west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-05T09:27:47","indexId":"wri79102","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-102","title":"Evaluation of remote hydrologic data-acquisition systems, west-central Florida","docAbstract":"The study provides an evaluation of the hydrologic applications of a land-line and two satellite data-relay systems operated during 1977-78 in the Southwest Florida Water Management District. These systems were tested to evaluate operational and reliability characteristics. Telephone lines were used to relay data in the land-line system, and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and Land satellite (Landsat) were used in the satellite system. The land-line system was tested for 15 months at a streamflow site. Accurate data were obtained 94% of the time during the test period. Data losses were attributed to telephone-line interference, low-battery voltage, and vandalism. The GOES system was tested at a rainfall site for 17 months. During this period, 79% of the transmissions received from the station were relayed by the GOES system to the U.S. Geological Survey computer, resulting in successful processing of 88% of all possible rainfall observations. On the average, seven data transmissions were completed each day. The Landsat system was tested at a rainfall site for about 17 months and for about 8 months at a streamflow site. During these periods of operation, only about 2% of all data observations for the stations were successfully relayed by the Landsat system to the U.S. Geological Survey computer. An average of about three data transmissions was completed each day for each site. (USGS).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri79102","usgsCitation":"Turner, J., and Woodham, W.M., 1980, Evaluation of remote hydrologic data-acquisition systems, west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-102, v, 63 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri79102.","productDescription":"v, 63 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159805,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0102/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":366159,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0102/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.408203125,\n 27.059125784374068\n ],\n [\n -81.6943359375,\n 27.059125784374068\n ],\n [\n -81.6943359375,\n 29.36302703778376\n ],\n [\n -83.408203125,\n 29.36302703778376\n ],\n [\n -83.408203125,\n 27.059125784374068\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67eb8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turner, J.F. 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