{"pageNumber":"167","pageRowStart":"4150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10462,"records":[{"id":70118535,"text":"70118535 - 2013 - Intermediate-depth earthquakes facilitated by eclogitization-related stresses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-29T10:15:03","indexId":"70118535","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-04T10:13:42","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intermediate-depth earthquakes facilitated by eclogitization-related stresses","docAbstract":"Eclogitization of the basaltic and gabbroic layer in the oceanic crust involves a volume reduction of 10%–15%. One consequence of the negative volume change is the formation of a paired stress field as a result of strain compatibility across the reaction front. Here we use waveform analysis of a tiny seismic cluster in the lower crust of the downgoing Pacific plate and reveal new evidence in favor of this mechanism: tensional earthquakes lying 1 km above compressional earthquakes, and earthquakes with highly similar waveforms lying on well-defined planes with complementary rupture areas. The tensional stress is interpreted to be caused by the dimensional mismatch between crust transformed to eclogite and underlying untransformed crust, and the earthquakes are probably facilitated by reactivation of fossil faults extant in the subducting plate. These observations provide seismic evidence for the role of volume change–related stresses and, possibly, fluid-related embrittlement as viable processes for nucleating earthquakes in downgoing oceanic lithosphere.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G33796.1","usgsCitation":"Nakajima, J., Uchida, N., Shiina, T., Hasegawa, A., Hacker, B.R., and Kirby, S.H., 2013, Intermediate-depth earthquakes facilitated by eclogitization-related stresses: Geology, v. 41, no. 6, p. 659-662, https://doi.org/10.1130/G33796.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"659","endPage":"662","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291260,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291259,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G33796.1"}],"volume":"41","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f314e4b0bc0bec0a077d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakajima, Junichi","contributorId":67429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakajima","given":"Junichi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Uchida, Naoki","contributorId":36408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uchida","given":"Naoki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shiina, Takahiro","contributorId":63737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shiina","given":"Takahiro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hasegawa, Akira","contributorId":85822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hasegawa","given":"Akira","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hacker, Bradley R.","contributorId":101576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hacker","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kirby, Stephen H. 0000-0003-1636-4688 skirby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4688","contributorId":2752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","email":"skirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70045256,"text":"70045256 - 2013 - The challenge of wolf recovery: an ongoing dilemma for state managers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T11:23:40","indexId":"70045256","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3587,"text":"The Wildlife Professional","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The challenge of wolf recovery: an ongoing dilemma for state managers","docAbstract":"“Dave, would you do another legal declaration on the wolf for us?” The weary voice on the phone belonged to Mike Jimenez, Northern Rocky Mountain Wolf Management and Science Coordinator for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). He was calling from Wyoming to ask me to prepare a document to address a legal challenge to the FWS’s August 2012 delisting of the wolf (Canis lupus) in Wyoming, a highly controversial move. Mike’s tone reflected the reality that — as so many wildlife biologists know and live each day — wildlife management is mainly people management. This contention could not be truer for managing any wildlife species than for managing the wolf. Dubbed “the beast of waste and desolation” by Teddy Roosevelt (The Wilderness Hunter 1893/1900), wolves had been universally hated as prolific predators of valuable livestock and game. Around the turn of the 20th century, members of the U.S. Biological Survey and various state agents, ranchers, cowboys, and other frontiersmen poisoned and persecuted wolves, extirpating them from most of the contiguous United States (Young and Goldman 1944). By 1967, Minnesota and nearby Isle Royale National Park in Michigan held the only remaining wolves in the Lower 48 states, prompting the FWS to place the wolf on the Endangered Species List (established by the Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1966). The wolf then became the list’s poster species, and the timing was ideal: Silent Spring (Carson 1962) had just seeded and fertilized the environmental movement, which blossomed on Earth Day (April 22, 1970) into the environmental revolution. “Save the wolf!” became one of the movement’s rallying cries. And save the wolf we did.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Wildlife Professional","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 2013, The challenge of wolf recovery: an ongoing dilemma for state managers: The Wildlife Professional, v. 2013, no. Spring, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-042926","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270582,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://news.wildlife.org/featured/the-challenge-of-wolf-recovery/"}],"volume":"2013","issue":"Spring","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515e92f8e4b088aa2258092e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70173535,"text":"70173535 - 2013 - Impacts of tree rows on grassland birds & potential nest predators: A removal experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T22:08:47","indexId":"70173535","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-02T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of tree rows on grassland birds & potential nest predators: A removal experiment","docAbstract":"

Globally, grasslands and the wildlife that inhabit them are widely imperiled. Encroachment by shrubs and trees has widely impacted grasslands in the past 150 years. In North America, most grassland birds avoid nesting near woody vegetation. Because woody vegetation fragments grasslands and potential nest predator diversity and abundance is often greater along wooded edge and grassland transitions, we measured the impacts of removing rows of trees and shrubs that intersected grasslands on potential nest predators and the three most abundant grassland bird species (Henslow’s sparrow [Ammodramus henslowii], Eastern meadowlark [Sturnella magna], and bobolink [Dolichonyx oryzivorus]) at sites in Wisconsin, U.S.A. We monitored 3 control and 3 treatment sites, for 1 yr prior to and 3 yr after tree row removal at the treatment sites. Grassland bird densities increased (2–4 times for bobolink and Henslow’s sparrow) and nesting densities increased (all 3 species) in the removal areas compared to control areas. After removals, Henslow’s sparrows nested within ≤50 m of the treatment area, where they did not occur when tree rows were present. Most dramatically, activity by woodland-associated predators nearly ceased (nine-fold decrease for raccoon [Procyon lotor]) at the removals and grassland predators increased (up to 27 times activity for thirteen-lined ground squirrel [Ictidomys tridecemlineatus]). Nest success did not increase, likely reflecting the increase in grassland predators. However, more nests were attempted by all 3 species (175 versus 116) and the number of successful nests for bobolinks and Henslow’s sparrows increased. Because of gains in habitat, increased use by birds, greater production of young, and the effective removal of woodland-associated predators, tree row removal, where appropriate based on the predator community, can be a beneficial management action for conserving grassland birds and improving fragmented and degraded grassland ecosystems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0059151","usgsCitation":"Ellison, K.S., Ribic, C., Sample, D.W., Fawcett, M.J., and Dadisman, J.D., 2013, Impacts of tree rows on grassland birds & potential nest predators: A removal experiment: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 4, e59151; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059151.","productDescription":"e59151; 15 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037578","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059151","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323726,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.96978759765625,\n 42.90966884564424\n ],\n [\n -89.96978759765625,\n 43.06487470411881\n ],\n [\n -89.66011047363281,\n 43.06487470411881\n ],\n [\n -89.66011047363281,\n 42.90966884564424\n ],\n [\n -89.96978759765625,\n 42.90966884564424\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c33e4b07657d19a69f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellison, Kevin S.","contributorId":35655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ribic, Christine 0000-0003-2583-1778 caribic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":147952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"Christine","email":"caribic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sample, David W.","contributorId":19484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sample","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fawcett, Megan J.","contributorId":171933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fawcett","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dadisman, John D.","contributorId":171934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dadisman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70073681,"text":"70073681 - 2013 - Use of NMR logging to obtain estimates of hydraulic conductivity in the High Plains aquifer, Nebraska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-22T13:20:38","indexId":"70073681","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-01T13:14:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of NMR logging to obtain estimates of hydraulic conductivity in the High Plains aquifer, Nebraska, USA","docAbstract":"Hydraulic conductivity (K) is one of the most important parameters of interest in groundwater applications because it quantifies the ease with which water can flow through an aquifer material. Hydraulic conductivity is typically measured by conducting aquifer tests or wellbore flow (WBF) logging. Of interest in our research is the use of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging to obtain information about water-filled porosity and pore space geometry, the combination of which can be used to estimate K. In this study, we acquired a suite of advanced geophysical logs, aquifer tests, WBF logs, and sidewall cores at the field site in Lexington, Nebraska, which is underlain by the High Plains aquifer. We first used two empirical equations developed for petroleum applications to predict K from NMR logging data: the Schlumberger Doll Research equation (KSDR) and the Timur-Coates equation (KT-C), with the standard empirical constants determined for consolidated materials. We upscaled our NMR-derived K estimates to the scale of the WBF-logging K(KWBF-logging) estimates for comparison. All the upscaled KT-C estimates were within an order of magnitude of KWBF-logging and all of the upscaled KSDR estimates were within 2 orders of magnitude of KWBF-logging. We optimized the fit between the upscaled NMR-derived K and KWBF-logging estimates to determine a set of site-specific empirical constants for the unconsolidated materials at our field site. We conclude that reliable estimates of K can be obtained from NMR logging data, thus providing an alternate method for obtaining estimates of K at high levels of vertical resolution.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20151","usgsCitation":"Dlubac, K., Knight, R., Song, Y., Bachman, N., Grau, B., Cannia, J., and Williams, J., 2013, Use of NMR logging to obtain estimates of hydraulic conductivity in the High Plains aquifer, Nebraska, USA: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 4, p. 1871-1886, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20151.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1871","endPage":"1886","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-041711","costCenters":[{"id":496,"text":"Office of Groundwater-Branch of Geophysics","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20151","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281383,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281332,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20151"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","city":"Lexington","otherGeospatial":"High Plains Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.768037,40.743098 ], [ -99.768037,40.798141 ], [ -99.71096,40.798141 ], [ -99.71096,40.743098 ], [ -99.768037,40.743098 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7a7be4b0b2908510d886","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dlubac, Katherine","contributorId":33218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dlubac","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knight, Rosemary","contributorId":84245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Rosemary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Song, Yi-Qiao","contributorId":60534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Song","given":"Yi-Qiao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bachman, Nate","contributorId":35639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachman","given":"Nate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grau, Ben","contributorId":96188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grau","given":"Ben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cannia, Jim","contributorId":16746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannia","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Williams, John","contributorId":23842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70056554,"text":"70056554 - 2013 - Aeolian controls of soil geochemistry and weathering fluxes in high-elevation ecosystems of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-21T09:45:11","indexId":"70056554","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-01T09:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aeolian controls of soil geochemistry and weathering fluxes in high-elevation ecosystems of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado","docAbstract":"When dust inputs are large or have persisted for long periods of time, the signature of dust additions are often apparent in soils. The of dust will be greatest where the geochemical composition of dust is distinct from local sources of soil parent material. In this study the influence of dust accretion on soil geochemistry is quantified for two different soils from the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado, USA. At both study sites, dust is enriched in several trace elements relative to local rock, especially Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Mass-balance calculations that do not explicitly account for dust inputs indicate the accumulation of some elements in soil beyond what can be explained by weathering of local rock. Most observed elemental enrichments are explained by accounting for the long-term accretion of dust, based on modern isotopic and geochemical estimates. One notable exception is Pb, which based on mass-balance calculations and isotopic measurements may have an additional source at one of the study sites. These results suggest that dust is a major factor influencing the development of soil in these settings and is also an important control of soil weathering fluxes. After accounting for dust inputs in mass-balance calculations, Si weathering fluxes from San Juan Mountain soils are within the range observed for other temperate systems. Comparing dust inputs with mass-balanced based flux estimates suggests dust could account for as much as 50–80% of total long-term chemical weathering fluxes. These results support the notion that dust inputs may sustain chemical weathering fluxes even in relatively young continental settings. Given the widespread input of far-traveled dust, the weathering of dust is likely and important and underappreciated aspect of the global weathering engine.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2012.12.023","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, C., Reynolds, R.L., Kettterer, M.E., and Neff, J.C., 2013, Aeolian controls of soil geochemistry and weathering fluxes in high-elevation ecosystems of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 107, p. 27-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.12.023.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-044155","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279308,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279307,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.12.023"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.86,37.12 ], [ -108.86,38.56 ], [ -107.16,38.56 ], [ -107.16,37.12 ], [ -108.86,37.12 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"107","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"528f53ede4b0660d392bed86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence, Corey R. clawrence@usgs.gov","contributorId":4478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Corey R.","email":"clawrence@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kettterer, Michael E.","contributorId":13518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kettterer","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neff, Jason C.","contributorId":34813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neff","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048088,"text":"70048088 - 2013 - Estimation of submarine mass failure probability from a sequence of deposits with age dates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T10:19:52","indexId":"70048088","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-01T09:38:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of submarine mass failure probability from a sequence of deposits with age dates","docAbstract":"The empirical probability of submarine mass failure is quantified from a sequence of dated mass-transport deposits. Several different techniques are described to estimate the parameters for a suite of candidate probability models. The techniques, previously developed for analyzing paleoseismic data, include maximum likelihood and Type II (Bayesian) maximum likelihood methods derived from renewal process theory and Monte Carlo methods. The estimated mean return time from these methods, unlike estimates from a simple arithmetic mean of the center age dates and standard likelihood methods, includes the effects of age-dating uncertainty and of open time intervals before the first and after the last event. The likelihood techniques are evaluated using Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) and Akaike’s Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC) to select the optimal model. The techniques are applied to mass transport deposits recorded in two Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) drill sites located in the Ursa Basin, northern Gulf of Mexico. Dates of the deposits were constrained by regional bio- and magnetostratigraphy from a previous study. Results of the analysis indicate that submarine mass failures in this location occur primarily according to a Poisson process in which failures are independent and return times follow an exponential distribution. However, some of the model results suggest that submarine mass failures may occur quasiperiodically at one of the sites (U1324). The suite of techniques described in this study provides quantitative probability estimates of submarine mass failure occurrence, for any number of deposits and age uncertainty distributions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00829.1","usgsCitation":"Geist, E.L., Chaytor, J., Parsons, T.E., and ten Brink, U., 2013, Estimation of submarine mass failure probability from a sequence of deposits with age dates: Geosphere, v. 9, no. 2, p. 287-298, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00829.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"298","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-043363","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00829.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":277441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277437,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00829.1"}],"otherGeospatial":"Ursa Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.25,28.0 ], [ -89.25,28.166667 ], [ -88.916667,28.166667 ], [ -88.916667,28.0 ], [ -89.25,28.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52303f62e4b04b8e63a20631","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chaytor, Jason D.","contributorId":88637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"Jason D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70154859,"text":"70154859 - 2013 - Potential for bias in using hybrids between common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (Carassius auratus) in endocrine studies: a first report of hybrids in Lake Mead, Nevada, U.S.A","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-18T09:37:47","indexId":"70154859","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential for bias in using hybrids between common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (Carassius auratus) in endocrine studies: a first report of hybrids in Lake Mead, Nevada, U.S.A","docAbstract":"

During a 2008 study to assess endocrine and reproductive health of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Lake Mead, Nevada (U.S.A.) we identified two fish, one male and one female, as hybrids with goldfish (Carassius auratus) based on morphology, lateral line scale count, and lack of anterior barbels. Gross examination of the female hybrid ovaries indicated presence of vitellogenic ovarian follicles; whereas histological evaluation of the male hybrid testes showed lobule-like structures with open lumens but without germ cells, suggesting it was sterile. Because common carp/goldfish hybrids are more susceptible to gonadal tumors and may have different endocrine profiles than common carp, researchers using common carp as a model for endocrine/reproductive studies should be aware of the possible presence of hybrids.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-169.2.426","usgsCitation":"Goodbred, S.L., Patino, R., Orsak, E., Sharma, P., and Ruessler, S., 2013, Potential for bias in using hybrids between common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (Carassius auratus) in endocrine studies: a first report of hybrids in Lake Mead, Nevada, U.S.A: American Midland Naturalist, v. 169, no. 2, p. 426-431, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-169.2.426.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"426","endPage":"431","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025582","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Mead","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.78790283203125,\n 36.01800375871414\n ],\n [\n -114.83871459960938,\n 36.0568708408471\n ],\n [\n -114.83047485351561,\n 36.086840909511004\n ],\n [\n -114.87854003906249,\n 36.109033596783135\n ],\n [\n -114.93896484374999,\n 36.10015727402227\n ],\n [\n -114.93621826171875,\n 36.12234620030521\n ],\n [\n -114.85382080078125,\n 36.144528857027744\n ],\n [\n -114.73846435546874,\n 36.147855714690515\n ],\n [\n -114.7137451171875,\n 36.16005298551354\n ],\n [\n -114.67529296874999,\n 36.15118243124801\n ],\n [\n -114.62310791015625,\n 36.15894422111003\n ],\n [\n -114.60800170898438,\n 36.15229130540955\n ],\n [\n -114.56405639648438,\n 36.17003115949951\n ],\n [\n -114.49951171875,\n 36.184441834883025\n ],\n [\n -114.466552734375,\n 36.17557404062257\n ],\n [\n -114.45693969726562,\n 36.201066243425515\n ],\n [\n -114.42947387695312,\n 36.268635800737854\n ],\n [\n -114.44183349609375,\n 36.30073854794736\n ],\n [\n -114.45419311523436,\n 36.342784223707234\n ],\n [\n -114.42398071289062,\n 36.38149043210595\n ],\n [\n -114.37042236328125,\n 36.44227556709968\n ],\n [\n -114.43084716796874,\n 36.50963615733049\n ],\n [\n -114.41299438476562,\n 36.52177691707085\n ],\n [\n -114.36767578124999,\n 36.50301312197295\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 36.52067329034796\n ],\n [\n -114.31686401367188,\n 36.49970139181239\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 36.45442688547802\n ],\n [\n -114.3072509765625,\n 36.41907231092499\n ],\n [\n -114.32235717773438,\n 36.38701831877111\n ],\n [\n -114.34982299804688,\n 36.33504067209607\n ],\n [\n -114.36492919921875,\n 36.274171699242515\n ],\n [\n -114.37454223632812,\n 36.20993115142727\n ],\n [\n -114.3621826171875,\n 36.166705242637356\n ],\n [\n -114.27703857421875,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n [\n -114.23309326171875,\n 36.053540128339755\n ],\n [\n -114.21661376953125,\n 36.030221194310705\n ],\n [\n -114.16168212890625,\n 36.045767917668705\n ],\n [\n -114.15756225585936,\n 36.10570509327921\n ],\n [\n -114.11361694335938,\n 36.16448788632064\n ],\n [\n -114.07241821289061,\n 36.194416903538226\n ],\n [\n -114.04220581054688,\n 36.21547120903648\n ],\n [\n -114.05181884765625,\n 36.16559657231973\n ],\n [\n -114.07516479492188,\n 36.1245647481333\n ],\n [\n -114.093017578125,\n 36.05465038150427\n ],\n [\n -114.12734985351562,\n 36.010228040656735\n ],\n [\n -114.17678833007812,\n 36.00911716117325\n ],\n [\n -114.25918579101561,\n 35.9968964537381\n ],\n [\n -114.31961059570312,\n 36.02133597448135\n ],\n [\n -114.35943603515625,\n 36.04687828046171\n ],\n [\n -114.36080932617186,\n 36.089060460282006\n ],\n [\n -114.39239501953125,\n 36.097938036628065\n ],\n [\n -114.41848754882812,\n 36.06686213257888\n ],\n [\n -114.47067260742188,\n 36.03577394783581\n ],\n [\n -114.48989868164062,\n 36.071302299422406\n ],\n [\n -114.51324462890625,\n 36.08795069273044\n ],\n [\n -114.54483032226562,\n 36.12789245231785\n ],\n [\n -114.57504272460938,\n 36.13565654678543\n ],\n [\n -114.62722778320311,\n 36.117908916563685\n ],\n [\n -114.66842651367188,\n 36.097938036628065\n ],\n [\n -114.70138549804688,\n 36.075742215627\n ],\n [\n -114.70138549804688,\n 36.04687828046171\n ],\n [\n -114.71099853515625,\n 36.01467140204727\n ],\n [\n -114.74395751953125,\n 35.991340960635405\n ],\n [\n -114.76867675781249,\n 36.002451555546465\n ],\n [\n -114.78790283203125,\n 36.01800375871414\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"169","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d45733e4b0518e354694de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodbred, Steven L. sgoodbred@usgs.gov","contributorId":497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodbred","given":"Steven","email":"sgoodbred@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":568379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orsak, Erik","contributorId":92763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orsak","given":"Erik","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sharma, Prakash","contributorId":107435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharma","given":"Prakash","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruessler, Shane druessler@usgs.gov","contributorId":4660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruessler","given":"Shane","email":"druessler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":568382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70046044,"text":"70046044 - 2013 - Sequential Gaussian co-simulation of rate decline parameters of longwall gob gas ventholes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-17T14:34:09","indexId":"70046044","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2070,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sequential Gaussian co-simulation of rate decline parameters of longwall gob gas ventholes","docAbstract":"Gob gas ventholes (GGVs) are used to control methane inflows into a longwall mining operation by capturing the gas within the overlying fractured strata before it enters the work environment. Using geostatistical co-simulation techniques, this paper maps the parameters of their rate decline behaviors across the study area, a longwall mine in the Northern Appalachian basin. Geostatistical gas-in-place (GIP) simulations were performed, using data from 64 exploration boreholes, and GIP data were mapped within the fractured zone of the study area. In addition, methane flowrates monitored from 10 GGVs were analyzed using decline curve analyses (DCA) techniques to determine parameters of decline rates. Surface elevation showed the most influence on methane production from GGVs and thus was used to investigate its relation with DCA parameters using correlation techniques on normal-scored data. Geostatistical analysis was pursued using sequential Gaussian co-simulation with surface elevation as the secondary variable and with DCA parameters as the primary variables. The primary DCA variables were effective percentage decline rate, rate at production start, rate at the beginning of forecast period, and production end duration. Co-simulation results were presented to visualize decline parameters at an area-wide scale. Wells located at lower elevations, i.e., at the bottom of valleys, tend to perform better in terms of their rate declines compared to those at higher elevations. These results were used to calculate drainage radii of GGVs using GIP realizations. The calculated drainage radii are close to ones predicted by pressure transient tests.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.11.003","usgsCitation":"Karacan, C., and Olea, R., 2013, Sequential Gaussian co-simulation of rate decline parameters of longwall gob gas ventholes: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, v. 59, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.11.003.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-034214","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473896,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":273845,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273842,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.11.003"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.52,39.72 ], [ -80.52,42.27 ], [ -74.69,42.27 ], [ -74.69,39.72 ], [ -80.52,39.72 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"59","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c02ff5e4b0ee1529ed3d4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karacan, C. Özgen 0000-0002-0947-8241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0947-8241","contributorId":96571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karacan","given":"C. Özgen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":47873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70181794,"text":"70181794 - 2013 - How do migratory species add ecosystem service value to wilderness? Calculating the spatial subsidies provided by protected areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T12:46:52","indexId":"70181794","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2082,"text":"International Journal of Wilderness","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How do migratory species add ecosystem service value to wilderness? Calculating the spatial subsidies provided by protected areas","docAbstract":"

Species that migrate through protected and wilderness areas and utilize their resources, deliver ecosystem services to people in faraway locations. The mismatch between the areas that most support a species and those areas where the species provides most benefits to society can lead to underestimation of the true value of protected areas such as wilderness. We present a method to communicate the “off-site” value of wilderness and protected areas in providing habitat to migratory species that, in turn, provide benefits to people in distant locations. Using northern pintail ducks (Anas acuta) as an example, the article provides a method to estimate the amount of subsidy – the value of the ecosystem services provided by a migratory species in one area versus the cost to support the species and its habitat elsewhere.

","language":"English","publisher":"Fulcrum Publishing","usgsCitation":"Lopez-Hoffman, L., Semmens, D.J., and Diffendorfer, J., 2013, How do migratory species add ecosystem service value to wilderness? Calculating the spatial subsidies provided by protected areas: International Journal of Wilderness, v. 19, no. 1, p. 14-19.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-036434","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335343,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a42535e4b0c825128ad438","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopez-Hoffman, Laura","contributorId":149127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez-Hoffman","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":17654,"text":"School of Natural Resources & the Environment and Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, The University of Arizona, Tucson","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":668590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529 dsemmens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":1714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius","email":"dsemmens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":668588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diffendorfer, Jay 0000-0003-1093-6948","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1093-6948","contributorId":11930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diffendorfer","given":"Jay","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":668589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70045074,"text":"sir20135036 - 2013 - Simulation of salinity intrusion along the Georgia and South Carolina coasts using climate-change scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T13:12:10","indexId":"sir20135036","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5036","title":"Simulation of salinity intrusion along the Georgia and South Carolina coasts using climate-change scenarios","docAbstract":"Potential changes in climate could alter interactions between environmental and societal systems and adversely affect the availability of water resources in many coastal communities. Changes in streamflow patterns in conjunction with sea-level rise may change the salinity-intrusion dynamics of coastal rivers. Several municipal water-supply intakes are located along the Georgia and South Carolina coast that are proximal to the present day saltwater-freshwater interface of tidal rivers. Increases in the extent of salinity intrusion resulting from climate change could threaten the availability of freshwater supplies in the vicinity of these intakes. To effectively manage these supplies, water-resource managers need estimates of potential changes in the frequency, duration, and magnitude of salinity intrusion near their water-supply intakes that may occur as a result of climate change. This study examines potential effects of climate change, including altered streamflow and sea-level rise, on the dynamics of saltwater intrusion near municipal water-supply intakes in two coastal areas. One area consists of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (AIW) and the Waccamaw River near Myrtle Beach along the Grand Strand of the South Carolina Coast, and the second area is on or near the lower Savannah River near Savannah, Georgia. The study evaluated how future sea-level rise and a reduction in streamflows can potentially affect salinity intrusion and threaten municipal water supplies and the biodiversity of freshwater tidal marshes in these two areas. Salinity intrusion occurs as a result of the interaction between three principal forces—streamflow, mean coastal water levels, and tidal range. To analyze and simulate salinity dynamics at critical coastal gaging stations near four municipal water-supply intakes, various data-mining techniques, including artificial neural network (ANN) models, were used to evaluate hourly streamflow, salinity, and coastal water-level data collected over a period exceeding 10 years. The ANN models were trained (calibrated) to learn the specific interactions that cause salinity intrusions, and resulting models were able to accurately simulate historical salinity dynamics in both study areas. Changes in sea level and streamflow quantity and timing can be simulated by the salinity intrusion models to evaluate various climate-change scenarios. The salinity intrusion models for the study areas are deployed in a decision support system to facilitate the use of the models for management decisions by coastal water-resource managers. The report describes the use of the salinity-intrusion models decision support system to evaluate salinity-intrusion dynamics for various climate-change scenarios, including incremental increases in sea level in combination with incremental decreases in streamflow. Operation of municipal water-treatment plants is problematic when the specific-conductance values for source water are greater than 1,000 to 2,000 microsiemens per centimeter (µS/cm). High specific-conductance values contribute to taste problems that require treatment. Data from a gage downstream from a municipal water intake indicate specific conductance exceeded 1,000 µS/cm about 5.4 percent of the time over the 14-year period from August 1995 to August 2008. Simulations of specific conductance at this gaging station that incorporates sea-level rises resulted in a doubling of the exceedances to 11.0 percent for a 1-foot increase and 17.6 percent for a 2-foot increase. The frequency of intrusion of water with specific conductance values of 1,000 µS/cm was less sensitive to incremental reductions in streamflow than to incremental increases in sea level. Simulations of conditions associated with a 10-percent reduction in streamflow, in combination with a 1-foot rise in sea level, increased the percentage of time specific conductance exceeded 1,000 µS/cm at this site from 11.0 to 13.3 percent, and a 20-percent reduction in streamflow increased the percentage of time to 16.6 percent. Precipitation and temperature data from a global circulation model were used, after scale adjustments, as input to a watershed model of the Yadkin-Pee Dee River basin, which flows into the Waccamaw River and Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway study area in South Carolina. The simulated streamflow for historical conditions and projected climate change in the future was used as input for the ANN model in decision support system. Results of simulations incorporating climate-change projections for alterations in streamflow indicate an increase in the frequency of salinity-intrusion events and a shift in the seasonal occurrence of the intrusion events from the summer to the fall.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135036","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Beaufort-Jasper Water and Sewer Authority","usgsCitation":"Conrads, P., Roehl, E.A., Daamen, R.C., and Cook, J., 2013, Simulation of salinity intrusion along the Georgia and South Carolina coasts using climate-change scenarios: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5036, Report: xix, 94 p.; 5 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135036.","productDescription":"Report: xix, 94 p.; 5 Appendices","numberOfPages":"110","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135036.gif"},{"id":270379,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5036/pdf/app1.pdf"},{"id":270380,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5036/pdf/app2.pdf"},{"id":270381,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5036/pdf/app3.pdf"},{"id":270382,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5036/pdf/app4.pdf"},{"id":270377,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5036/"},{"id":270383,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5036/pdf/app5.pdf"},{"id":270378,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5036/pdf/sir2013-5036.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway, Waccamaw River","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-84.810477,34.987607],[-83.619985,34.986592],[-83.620185,34.992091],[-83.108714,35.000768],[-82.787867,35.085024],[-82.776357,35.081349],[-82.781973,35.066817],[-82.777376,35.064143],[-82.757704,35.068019],[-82.749491,35.078487],[-82.738379,35.079453],[-82.72701,35.094142],[-82.715297,35.092943],[-82.694898,35.098456],[-82.688456,35.106347],[-82.691194,35.114721],[-82.683625,35.125833],[-82.676861,35.12535],[-82.669614,35.118103],[-82.662381,35.118123],[-82.642237,35.129215],[-82.629031,35.126155],[-82.621185,35.134635],[-82.609706,35.139039],[-82.59814,35.137729],[-82.588158,35.142928],[-82.578316,35.142104],[-82.563767,35.151575],[-82.556168,35.151736],[-82.550508,35.159498],[-82.540483,35.160306],[-82.529973,35.155617],[-82.517284,35.162643],[-82.495506,35.164312],[-82.483937,35.173798],[-82.460092,35.178143],[-82.452987,35.17469],[-82.451201,35.16526],[-82.439595,35.165863],[-82.419744,35.198613],[-82.403348,35.204473],[-82.39293,35.215402],[-82.384029,35.210542],[-82.378744,35.198053],[-82.379712,35.186884],[-82.36899,35.181747],[-82.361469,35.190831],[-82.344554,35.193115],[-82.32335,35.184789],[-82.315871,35.190678],[-82.27492,35.200071],[-81.043625,35.149877],[-81.051204,35.133237],[-81.038968,35.126299],[-81.032471,35.110033],[-81.034958,35.104105],[-81.052078,35.096276],[-81.057236,35.086129],[-81.058029,35.07319],[-81.057648,35.062433],[-81.041489,35.044703],[-80.93495,35.107409],[-80.782042,34.935782],[-80.797543,34.819786],[-79.675299,34.804744],[-79.358317,34.545358],[-79.249763,34.449774],[-78.541087,33.851112],[-78.584841,33.844282],[-78.67226,33.817587],[-78.714116,33.800138],[-78.812931,33.743472],[-78.862931,33.705654],[-78.938076,33.639826],[-79.007356,33.566565],[-79.028516,33.533365],[-79.084588,33.483669],[-79.135441,33.403867],[-79.147496,33.378243],[-79.152035,33.350925],[-79.162332,33.327246],[-79.180318,33.254141],[-79.180563,33.237955],[-79.172394,33.206577],[-79.18787,33.173712],[-79.238262,33.137055],[-79.24609,33.124865],[-79.290754,33.110051],[-79.329909,33.089986],[-79.337169,33.072302],[-79.335346,33.065362],[-79.339313,33.050336],[-79.359961,33.006672],[-79.403712,33.003903],[-79.416515,33.006815],[-79.423447,33.015085],[-79.483499,33.001265],[-79.488727,33.015832],[-79.506923,33.032813],[-79.522449,33.03535],[-79.55756,33.021269],[-79.580725,33.006447],[-79.58659,32.991334],[-79.60102,32.979282],[-79.617611,32.952726],[-79.617715,32.94487],[-79.606194,32.925953],[-79.585897,32.926461],[-79.572614,32.933885],[-79.569762,32.926692],[-79.576006,32.906235],[-79.631149,32.888606],[-79.695141,32.850398],[-79.702956,32.835781],[-79.719879,32.825796],[-79.716761,32.813627],[-79.726389,32.805996],[-79.811021,32.77696],[-79.818237,32.766352],[-79.84035,32.756816],[-79.866742,32.757422],[-79.873605,32.745657],[-79.868352,32.734849],[-79.870336,32.727777],[-79.888028,32.695177],[-79.884961,32.684402],[-79.915682,32.664915],[-79.968468,32.639732],[-79.975248,32.639537],[-79.99175,32.616389],[-79.999374,32.611851],[-80.010505,32.608852],[-80.037276,32.610236],[-80.077039,32.603319],[-80.121368,32.590523],[-80.148406,32.578479],[-80.167286,32.559885],[-80.171764,32.546118],[-80.188401,32.553604],[-80.20523,32.555547],[-80.277681,32.516161],[-80.332438,32.478104],[-80.338354,32.47873],[-80.343883,32.490795],[-80.363956,32.496098],[-80.392561,32.475332],[-80.413487,32.470672],[-80.423454,32.497989],[-80.439407,32.503472],[-80.452078,32.497286],[-80.472068,32.496964],[-80.484617,32.460976],[-80.480156,32.447048],[-80.467588,32.425259],[-80.446075,32.423721],[-80.43296,32.410659],[-80.429941,32.401782],[-80.429291,32.389667],[-80.434303,32.375193],[-80.445451,32.350335],[-80.456814,32.336884],[-80.455192,32.326458],[-80.517871,32.298796],[-80.545688,32.282076],[-80.571096,32.273278],[-80.596394,32.273549],[-80.618286,32.260183],[-80.658634,32.248638],[-80.669166,32.216783],[-80.688857,32.200971],[-80.721463,32.160427],[-80.749091,32.140137],[-80.812503,32.109746],[-80.82153,32.108589],[-80.831531,32.112709],[-80.844431,32.109709],[-80.858735,32.099581],[-80.905378,32.051943],[-80.892344,32.043764],[-80.885517,32.0346],[-80.859111,32.023693],[-80.852276,32.026676],[-80.84313,32.024226],[-80.841913,32.002643],[-80.862814,31.969346],[-80.911207,31.943769],[-80.929101,31.944964],[-80.930279,31.956705],[-80.948491,31.95723],[-80.972392,31.94127],[-80.975714,31.923602],[-80.968494,31.915822],[-80.954469,31.911768],[-80.941359,31.912984],[-80.934508,31.90918],[-80.99269,31.857641],[-81.000317,31.856744],[-81.014478,31.867474],[-81.041548,31.876198],[-81.065255,31.877095],[-81.05907,31.850106],[-81.076178,31.836132],[-81.075812,31.829031],[-81.057181,31.822687],[-81.039808,31.823],[-81.036873,31.812721],[-81.047345,31.802865],[-81.068116,31.768735],[-81.097402,31.753126],[-81.130634,31.722692],[-81.138448,31.720934],[-81.192784,31.733245],[-81.203572,31.719448],[-81.186303,31.701509],[-81.161084,31.691401],[-81.149369,31.699304],[-81.139394,31.699917],[-81.131137,31.695774],[-81.136408,31.674832],[-81.131728,31.654484],[-81.133493,31.623348],[-81.160364,31.570436],[-81.173079,31.555908],[-81.178822,31.55553],[-81.186114,31.568032],[-81.204315,31.568183],[-81.214536,31.557601],[-81.240699,31.552313],[-81.254218,31.55594],[-81.260076,31.54828],[-81.263905,31.532579],[-81.258809,31.52906],[-81.217948,31.527284],[-81.199518,31.537596],[-81.181592,31.527697],[-81.177254,31.517074],[-81.189643,31.503588],[-81.204883,31.473124],[-81.246911,31.422784],[-81.278798,31.367214],[-81.282923,31.326491],[-81.268027,31.324218],[-81.25482,31.315452],[-81.274688,31.289454],[-81.276862,31.254734],[-81.289136,31.225487],[-81.288403,31.211065],[-81.293359,31.206332],[-81.314183,31.207938],[-81.339028,31.186918],[-81.35488,31.167204],[-81.360791,31.155903],[-81.359349,31.149166],[-81.368241,31.136534],[-81.399677,31.134113],[-81.403732,31.107115],[-81.401267,31.072781],[-81.420474,31.016703],[-81.432475,31.012991],[-81.434923,31.017804],[-81.451444,31.015515],[-81.469298,30.996028],[-81.490586,30.984952],[-81.493651,30.977528],[-81.486966,30.969602],[-81.475789,30.965976],[-81.466814,30.97091],[-81.453568,30.965573],[-81.447388,30.956732],[-81.426929,30.956615],[-81.420108,30.974076],[-81.408484,30.977718],[-81.403409,30.957914],[-81.405153,30.908203],[-81.428577,30.836336],[-81.446927,30.81039],[-81.460061,30.769912],[-81.45947,30.741979],[-81.444124,30.709714],[-81.472597,30.713312],[-81.487332,30.726081],[-81.528278,30.723359],[-81.540923,30.713343],[-81.561706,30.715597],[-81.571419,30.721636],[-81.601206,30.728141],[-81.607667,30.721924],[-81.617663,30.722046],[-81.625098,30.733017],[-81.646137,30.727591],[-81.65177,30.732284],[-81.651723,30.740235],[-81.662173,30.746521],[-81.672824,30.738935],[-81.688925,30.741434],[-81.692815,30.7471],[-81.719927,30.744634],[-81.732227,30.749634],[-81.747572,30.766455],[-81.763372,30.77382],[-81.779171,30.768062],[-81.792769,30.784432],[-81.806652,30.789683],[-81.840375,30.786384],[-81.852626,30.794439],[-81.868608,30.792754],[-81.892904,30.819268],[-81.89938,30.821662],[-81.910926,30.815889],[-81.934655,30.820424],[-81.938381,30.825745],[-81.949787,30.827493],[-81.962175,30.818001],[-81.962534,30.796526],[-81.973856,30.778487],[-81.979061,30.776415],[-82.007865,30.792937],[-82.017051,30.791657],[-82.024035,30.783156],[-82.011597,30.763122],[-82.017917,30.755263],[-82.038967,30.749262],[-82.043795,30.729641],[-82.037563,30.71864],[-82.036426,30.706585],[-82.050432,30.676266],[-82.049507,30.655548],[-82.042271,30.649452],[-82.039941,30.637144],[-82.028499,30.621829],[-82.027338,30.606726],[-82.016503,30.602484],[-82.012109,30.593773],[-82.005477,30.563495],[-82.018361,30.531184],[-82.01477,30.513009],[-82.017779,30.475081],[-82.023734,30.467289],[-82.028212,30.447396],[-82.037209,30.434518],[-82.034005,30.422357],[-82.04199,30.403266],[-82.035871,30.385287],[-82.036825,30.377884],[-82.047917,30.363265],[-82.081106,30.358806],[-82.094687,30.360781],[-82.1025,30.367823],[-82.116385,30.367335],[-82.165192,30.358035],[-82.19294,30.378779],[-82.204151,30.40133],[-82.210291,30.42459],[-82.203975,30.444507],[-82.207708,30.460503],[-82.200938,30.474438],[-82.201416,30.485164],[-82.226933,30.510281],[-82.23582,30.537187],[-82.231916,30.55627],[-82.214385,30.566958],[-83.499876,30.645671],[-84.86346,30.711506],[-84.896122,30.750591],[-84.913522,30.752291],[-84.915022,30.761191],[-84.920123,30.76599],[-84.917423,30.77589],[-84.928323,30.79309],[-84.927923,30.80279],[-84.936042,30.820671],[-84.934155,30.834039],[-84.928335,30.842532],[-84.935256,30.854328],[-84.933997,30.863293],[-84.938401,30.873045],[-84.935413,30.882481],[-84.966726,30.917287],[-84.971026,30.928187],[-84.983127,30.934786],[-84.979627,30.954686],[-84.982527,30.965586],[-85.005931,30.97704],[-84.999428,31.013843],[-85.009409,31.032378],[-85.011392,31.053546],[-85.028573,31.074583],[-85.026068,31.08418],[-85.035615,31.108192],[-85.052867,31.119489],[-85.064028,31.142495],[-85.076628,31.156927],[-85.100207,31.16549],[-85.098426,31.17777],[-85.102052,31.184734],[-85.107516,31.186451],[-85.106963,31.202693],[-85.09977,31.209751],[-85.096763,31.225651],[-85.111711,31.258022],[-85.114548,31.276302],[-85.110309,31.281733],[-85.099107,31.284165],[-85.089774,31.295026],[-85.084152,31.328313],[-85.088983,31.334292],[-85.085918,31.353146],[-85.09099,31.354428],[-85.092487,31.362881],[-85.077626,31.39888],[-85.079978,31.410472],[-85.074762,31.424879],[-85.06697,31.428594],[-85.065955,31.442979],[-85.071621,31.468384],[-85.045642,31.516813],[-85.047196,31.528671],[-85.041305,31.540987],[-85.05796,31.57084],[-85.055284,31.577092],[-85.05844,31.58369],[-85.055976,31.605178],[-85.060418,31.611271],[-85.058169,31.620227],[-85.082829,31.637967],[-85.085173,31.644101],[-85.082013,31.65473],[-85.092429,31.659966],[-85.11263,31.685165],[-85.12553,31.694965],[-85.12653,31.716764],[-85.11913,31.730964],[-85.129231,31.758663],[-85.12523,31.767063],[-85.141931,31.781963],[-85.132231,31.795162],[-85.131331,31.817562],[-85.141831,31.839261],[-85.138331,31.844161],[-85.140131,31.858761],[-85.128831,31.87636],[-85.134131,31.89216],[-85.11203,31.89476],[-85.10803,31.90516],[-85.112731,31.909859],[-85.10243,31.917359],[-85.09823,31.926259],[-85.07893,31.940159],[-85.08683,31.957758],[-85.08323,31.962458],[-85.067829,31.967358],[-85.065929,31.971158],[-85.07093,31.981658],[-85.068098,31.991857],[-85.064544,32.002489],[-85.053815,32.013502],[-85.054627,32.036694],[-85.05883,32.046656],[-85.055491,32.072657],[-85.047063,32.090433],[-85.06206,32.132486],[-85.045593,32.143758],[-85.013065,32.179112],[-84.966828,32.193952],[-84.967047,32.205843],[-84.957057,32.21671],[-84.925427,32.221551],[-84.912488,32.247463],[-84.890894,32.261504],[-84.922872,32.285333],[-84.9338,32.29826],[-85.001874,32.322015],[-85.007103,32.328362],[-85.004582,32.345196],[-84.983466,32.363186],[-84.976767,32.392648],[-84.981098,32.402833],[-84.979431,32.412244],[-84.96343,32.422544],[-84.967031,32.435343],[-84.971831,32.442843],[-84.995331,32.453243],[-84.998231,32.469842],[-84.994831,32.486042],[-85.001532,32.514741],[-85.0071,32.523868],[-85.015805,32.528428],[-85.022509,32.542923],[-85.067535,32.579546],[-85.076399,32.594665],[-85.08224,32.616264],[-85.088319,32.623032],[-85.087294,32.634407],[-85.09662,32.638199],[-85.098259,32.642708],[-85.088483,32.657758],[-85.093536,32.669734],[-85.114737,32.685634],[-85.122738,32.715727],[-85.1202,32.737647],[-85.138101,32.753836],[-85.138412,32.764576],[-85.132186,32.778897],[-85.167939,32.811612],[-85.168342,32.828516],[-85.159309,32.841382],[-85.161615,32.849948],[-85.177127,32.853895],[-85.1844,32.861317],[-85.42947,34.125096],[-85.561416,34.750079],[-85.605165,34.984678],[-85.384967,34.982987],[-84.810477,34.987607]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Georgia\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5156a9eae4b06ea905cdbffa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roehl, Edwin A. Jr.","contributorId":108083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roehl","given":"Edwin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daamen, Ruby C.","contributorId":105391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daamen","given":"Ruby","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cook, John B.","contributorId":45594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70045009,"text":"70045009 - 2013 - Counting at low concentrations: the statistical challenges of verifying ballast water discharge standards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T12:16:12","indexId":"70045009","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Counting at low concentrations: the statistical challenges of verifying ballast water discharge standards","docAbstract":"Discharge from the ballast tanks of ships is one of the primary vectors of nonindigenous species in marine environments. To mitigate this environmental and economic threat, international, national, and state entities are establishing regulations to limit the concentration of living organisms that may be discharged from the ballast tanks of ships. The proposed discharge standards have ranged from zero detectable organisms to <10 organisms/m3. If standard sampling methods are used, verifying whether ballast discharge complies with these stringent standards will be challenging due to the inherent stochasticity of sampling. Furthermore, at low concentrations, very large volumes of water must be sampled to find enough organisms to accurately estimate concentration. Despite these challenges, adequate sampling protocols comprise a critical aspect of establishing standards because they help define the actual risk level associated with a standard. A standard that appears very stringent may be effectively lax if it is paired with an inadequate sampling protocol. We describe some of the statistical issues associated with sampling at low concentrations to help regulators understand the uncertainties of sampling as well as to inform the development of sampling protocols that ensure discharge standards are adequately implemented.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/11-1639.1","usgsCitation":"Frazier, M., Miller, A.W., Lee, H., and Reusser, D.A., 2013, Counting at low concentrations: the statistical challenges of verifying ballast water discharge standards: Ecological Applications, v. 23, no. 2, p. 339-351, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1639.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"351","ipdsId":"IP-026931","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270315,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-1639.1"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515406d9e4b030c71ee06707","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frazier, Melanie","contributorId":59701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frazier","given":"Melanie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, A. Whitman","contributorId":39665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Whitman","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Henry II","contributorId":40334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Henry","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reusser, Deborah A. dreusser@usgs.gov","contributorId":2423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reusser","given":"Deborah","email":"dreusser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70045006,"text":"70045006 - 2013 - Rapid microsatellite marker development using next generation pyrosequencing to inform invasive Burmese python -- Python molurus bivittatus -- management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T12:42:45","indexId":"70045006","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2059,"text":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid microsatellite marker development using next generation pyrosequencing to inform invasive Burmese python -- Python molurus bivittatus -- management","docAbstract":"Invasive species represent an increasing threat to native ecosystems, harming indigenous taxa through predation, habitat modification, cross-species hybridization and alteration of ecosystem processes. Additionally, high economic costs are associated with environmental damage, restoration and control measures. The Burmese python, Python molurus bivittatus, is one of the most notable invasive species in the US, due to the threat it poses to imperiled species and the Greater Everglades ecosystem. To address population structure and relatedness, next generation sequencing was used to rapidly produce species-specific microsatellite loci. The Roche 454 GS-FLX Titanium platform provided 6616 di-, tri- and tetra-nucleotide repeats in 117,516 sequences. Using stringent criteria, 24 of 26 selected tri- and tetra-nucleotide loci were polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified and 18 were polymorphic. An additional six cross-species loci were amplified, and the resulting 24 loci were incorporated into eight PCR multiplexes. Multi-locus genotypes yielded an average of 61% (39%–77%) heterozygosity and 3.7 (2–6) alleles per locus. Population-level studies using the developed microsatellites will track the invasion front and monitor population-suppression dynamics. Additionally, cross-species amplification was detected in the invasive Ball, P. regius, and Northern African python, P. sebae. These markers can be used to address the hybridization potential of Burmese pythons and the larger, more aggressive P. sebae.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"MDPI Publishing (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/ijms14034793","usgsCitation":"Hunter, M., and Hart, K.M., 2013, Rapid microsatellite marker development using next generation pyrosequencing to inform invasive Burmese python -- Python molurus bivittatus -- management: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 14, no. 3, p. 4793-4804, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14034793.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"4793","endPage":"4804","ipdsId":"IP-041345","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14034793","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270322,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270321,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14034793"},{"id":270323,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/14/3/4793/pdf"},{"id":270324,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/14/3/4793/s1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.0,24.85 ], [ -82.0,27.3 ], [ -80.0,27.3 ], [ -80.0,24.85 ], [ -82.0,24.85 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515406e0e4b030c71ee06713","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunter, Margaret E. 0000-0002-4760-9302 mhunter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-9302","contributorId":4888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Margaret E.","email":"mhunter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974 kristen_hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":1966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"kristen_hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70045007,"text":"70045007 - 2013 - Per capita invasion probabilities: an empirical model to predict rates of invasion via ballast water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T12:31:53","indexId":"70045007","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Per capita invasion probabilities: an empirical model to predict rates of invasion via ballast water","docAbstract":"Ballast water discharges are a major source of species introductions into marine and estuarine ecosystems. To mitigate the introduction of new invaders into these ecosystems, many agencies are proposing standards that establish upper concentration limits for organisms in ballast discharge. Ideally, ballast discharge standards will be biologically defensible and adequately protective of the marine environment. We propose a new technique, the per capita invasion probability (PCIP), for managers to quantitatively evaluate the relative risk of different concentration-based ballast water discharge standards. PCIP represents the likelihood that a single discharged organism will become established as a new nonindigenous species. This value is calculated by dividing the total number of ballast water invaders per year by the total number of organisms discharged from ballast. Analysis was done at the coast-wide scale for the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts, as well as the Great Lakes, to reduce uncertainty due to secondary invasions between estuaries on a single coast. The PCIP metric is then used to predict the rate of new ballast-associated invasions given various regulatory scenarios. Depending upon the assumptions used in the risk analysis, this approach predicts that approximately one new species will invade every 10–100 years with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) discharge standard of <10 organisms with body size >50 μm per m3 of ballast. This approach resolves many of the limitations associated with other methods of establishing ecologically sound discharge standards, and it allows policy makers to use risk-based methodologies to establish biologically defensible discharge standards.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/11-1637.1","usgsCitation":"Reusser, D.A., Lee, H., Frazier, M., Ruiz, G., Fofonoff, P.W., Minton, M.S., and Miller, A.W., 2013, Per capita invasion probabilities: an empirical model to predict rates of invasion via ballast water: Ecological Applications, v. 23, no. 2, p. 321-330, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1637.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"321","endPage":"330","ipdsId":"IP-028025","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270319,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-1637.1"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515406dfe4b030c71ee0670f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reusser, Deborah A. dreusser@usgs.gov","contributorId":2423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reusser","given":"Deborah","email":"dreusser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Henry II","contributorId":40334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Henry","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frazier, Melanie","contributorId":59701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frazier","given":"Melanie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruiz, Gregory M.","contributorId":71073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruiz","given":"Gregory M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fofonoff, Paul W.","contributorId":21042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fofonoff","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Minton, Mark S.","contributorId":73896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minton","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Miller, A. Whitman","contributorId":39665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Whitman","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70045021,"text":"ofr20121225 - 2013 - Web-based flood database for Colorado, water years 1867 through 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T09:10:10","indexId":"ofr20121225","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1225","title":"Web-based flood database for Colorado, water years 1867 through 2011","docAbstract":"In order to provide a centralized repository of flood information for the State of Colorado, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Transportation, created a Web-based geodatabase for flood information from water years 1867 through 2011 and data for paleofloods occurring in the past 5,000 to 10,000 years. The geodatabase was created using the Environmental Systems Research Institute ArcGIS JavaScript Application Programing Interface 3.2. The database can be accessed at http://cwscpublic2.cr.usgs.gov/projects/coflood/COFloodMap.html.\n\nData on 6,767 flood events at 1,597 individual sites throughout Colorado were compiled to generate the flood database. The data sources of flood information are indirect discharge measurements that were stored in U.S. Geological Survey offices (water years 1867–2011), flood data from indirect discharge measurements referenced in U.S. Geological Survey reports (water years 1884–2011), paleoflood studies from six peer-reviewed journal articles (data on events occurring in the past 5,000 to 10,000 years), and the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System peak-discharge database (water years 1883–2010). A number of tests were performed on the flood database to ensure the quality of the data. The Web interface was programmed using the Environmental Systems Research Institute ArcGIS JavaScript Application Programing Interface 3.2, which allows for display, query, georeference, and export of the data in the flood database. The data fields in the flood database used to search and filter the database include hydrologic unit code, U.S. Geological Survey station number, site name, county, drainage area, elevation, data source, date of flood, peak discharge, and field method used to determine discharge. Additional data fields can be viewed and exported, but the data fields described above are the only ones that can be used for queries.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121225","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Kohn, M.S., Jarrett, R.D., Krammes, G.S., and Mommandi, A., 2013, Web-based flood database for Colorado, water years 1867 through 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1225, vi, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121225.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1867-09-30","temporalEnd":"2011-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121225.gif"},{"id":270310,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1225/"},{"id":270311,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1225/OF12-1225-508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515406e1e4b030c71ee06717","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kohn, Michael S. 0000-0002-5989-7700 mkohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-7700","contributorId":4549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohn","given":"Michael","email":"mkohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarrett, Robert D. rjarrett@usgs.gov","contributorId":2260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarrett","given":"Robert","email":"rjarrett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":476633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krammes, Gary S. gkrammes@usgs.gov","contributorId":5102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krammes","given":"Gary","email":"gkrammes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":476635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mommandi, Amanullah","contributorId":40874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mommandi","given":"Amanullah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70045000,"text":"ds69F6 - 2013 - Geology and oil and gas assessment of the Fruitland Total Petroleum System, San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado: Chapter 6 in Geology and Oil and Gas Assessment of the Fruitland Total Petroleum System, San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-26T13:00:17","indexId":"ds69F6","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-F-6","title":"Geology and oil and gas assessment of the Fruitland Total Petroleum System, San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado: Chapter 6 in Geology and Oil and Gas Assessment of the Fruitland Total Petroleum System, San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado","docAbstract":"The Fruitland Total Petroleum System (TPS) of the San Juan Basin Province includes all genetically related hydrocarbons generated from coal beds and organic-rich shales in the Cretaceous Fruitland Formation. Coal beds are considered to be the primary source of the hydrocarbons. Potential reservoir rocks in the Fruitland TPS consist of the Upper Cretaceous Pictured Cliffs Sandstone, Fruitland Formation (both sandstone and coal beds), and the Farmington Sandstone Member of the Kirtland Formation, and the Tertiary Ojo Alamo Sandstone, and Animas, Nacimiento, and San Jose Formations.\nAnalysis of the geochemistry of Fruitland coal-bed gas and co-produced water suggests that hydrocarbons in Fruitland coal beds began to form early in the depositional history of the Fruitland Formation with the generation of early microbial gas. Source rocks in the Fruitland entered the oil generation zone in the late Eocene and continued to generate minor oil and large quantities of thermogenic gas into middle Miocene time. Near the end of the Miocene, thermogenic hydrocarbon generation and subsidence in the San Juan Basin ceased, and the basin was uplifted and differentially eroded. Late-stage (secondary) microbial gas has been documented in Fruitland coal-bed reservoirs and was formed by microbial reduction of carbon dioxide during introduction of groundwater in the late Pliocene and Pleistocene. Most of this late-stage microbial gas is found just downdip from the northern, western, and southern Fruitland outcrops. The northern part of the Fruitland Formation is overpressured as a result of artesian conditions established in the Pliocene or Pleistocene. South and east of the overpressured area, the Fruitland is either normally pressured or underpressured.\nFour assessment units (AU) were defined in the Fruitland TPS. Of the four AUs, one consists of conventional gas accumulations and the other three are continuous-type gas accumulations: Tertiary Conventional Gas AU, Pictured Cliffs Continuous Gas AU, Basin Fruitland Coalbed Gas (CBG) AU, and Fruitland Fairway CBG AU. No oil resources that have the potential for additions to reserves in the next 30 years were estimated for this TPS. Gas resources that have the potential for additions to reserves in the next 30 years are estimated at a mean of 29.3 trillion cubic feet of gas (TCFG). Of this amount, 23.58 TCFG will come from coal-bed gas accumulations and 83.1 percent of this total is estimated to come from the Basin Fruitland CBG AU. The remaining 5.72 TCFG is allocated to continuous-type gas accumulations (5.64 TCFG) and conventional gas accumulations (0.08 TCFG). Although the Fruitland Fairway CBG AU has produced the most significant amount of coal-bed gas to date, the area of the AU is limited. New potentially productive wells will come from infill drilling, and the number of these wells will be limited by effective drainage area. Total natural gas liquids (NGL) that have the potential for additions to reserves in the next 30 years are estimated at a mean of 17.76 million barrels. Of this amount, 16.92 million barrels will come from the Pictured Cliffs Continuous Gas AU and the remainder from the Tertiary Conventional Gas AU.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and Oil and Gas Assessment of the Fruitland Total Petroleum System, San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado (DS 69-F)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds69F6","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 6 in Total petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the San Juan Basin Province, exclusive of Paleozoic rocks, New Mexico and Colorado (DS 69-F)","usgsCitation":"Ridgley, J., Condon, S.M., and Hatch, J.R., 2013, Geology and oil and gas assessment of the Fruitland Total Petroleum System, San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado: Chapter 6 in Geology and Oil and Gas Assessment of the Fruitland Total Petroleum System, San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69-F-6, vii, 100 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69F6.","productDescription":"vii, 100 p.","numberOfPages":"108","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds69f6.gif"},{"id":270125,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov//dds/dds-069/dds-069-f/"},{"id":270126,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov//dds/dds-069/dds-069-f/REPORTS/Chapter6_508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0,31.33 ], [ -109.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,31.33 ], [ -109.0,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5152c38ce4b01197b08e9c98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ridgley, J.L.","contributorId":17307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridgley","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Condon, S. M.","contributorId":107688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Condon","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, J. R.","contributorId":14775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70043578,"text":"70043578 - 2013 - Polyphasic characterization of Aeromonas salmonicida isolates recovered from salmonid and non-salmonid fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-23T08:58:15","indexId":"70043578","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polyphasic characterization of Aeromonas salmonicida isolates recovered from salmonid and non-salmonid fish","docAbstract":"Michigan's fisheries rely primarily upon the hatchery propagation of salmonid fish for release in public waters. One limitation on the success of these efforts is the presence of bacterial pathogens, including Aeromonas salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of A. salmonicida in Michigan fish, as well as to determine whether biochemical or gene sequence variability exists among Michigan isolates. A total of 2202 wild, feral and hatchery-propagated fish from Michigan were examined for the presence of A. salmonicida. The examined fish included Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), coho salmon, O. kisutcha (Walbaum), steelhead trout, O. mykiss (Walbaum), Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), and yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchill). Among these, 234 fish yielded a brown pigment-producing bacterium that was presumptively identified as A. salmonicida. Further phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses identified representative isolates as Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and revealed some genetic and biochemical variability. Logistic regression analyses showed that infection prevalence varied according to fish species/strain, year and gender, whereby Chinook salmon and females had the highest infection prevalence. Moreover, this pathogen was found in six fish species from eight sites, demonstrating its widespread nature within Michigan.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Fish Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/jfd.12092","usgsCitation":"Diamanka, A., Loch, T., Cipriano, R.C., and Faisal, M., 2013, Polyphasic characterization of Aeromonas salmonicida isolates recovered from salmonid and non-salmonid fish: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 36, no. 11, p. 949-963, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12092.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"949","endPage":"963","ipdsId":"IP-043701","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270013,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12092"}],"volume":"36","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515163e7e4b087909f0bbe53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diamanka, A.","contributorId":80154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diamanka","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loch, T.P.","contributorId":93358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loch","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cipriano, R. C.","contributorId":12400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cipriano","given":"R.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Faisal, M.","contributorId":19116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faisal","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70042105,"text":"70042105 - 2013 - Contraception can lead to trophic asynchrony between birth pulse and resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-24T15:44:25","indexId":"70042105","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contraception can lead to trophic asynchrony between birth pulse and resources","docAbstract":"Abiotic inputs such as photoperiod and temperature can regulate reproductive cyclicity in many species. When humans perturb this process by intervening in reproductive cycles, the ecological consequences may be profound. Trophic mismatches between birth pulse and resources in wildlife species may cascade toward decreased survival and threaten the viability of small populations. We followed feral horses (Equus caballus) in three populations for a longitudinal study of the transient immunocontraceptive porcine zona pellucida (PZP), and found that repeated vaccinations extended the duration of infertility far beyond the targeted period. After the targeted years of infertility, the probability of parturition from post-treated females was 25.6% compared to 64.1% for untreated females, when the data were constrained only to females that had demonstrated fertility prior to the study. Estimated time to parturition increased 411.3 days per year of consecutive historical treatment. Births from untreated females in these temperate latitude populations were observed to peak in the middle of May, indicating peak conception occurred around the previous summer solstice. When the post-treated females did conceive and give birth, parturition was an estimated 31.5 days later than births from untreated females, resulting in asynchrony with peak forage availability. The latest neonate born to a post-treated female arrived 7.5 months after the peak in births from untreated females, indicating conception occurred within 24–31 days of the winter solstice. These results demonstrate surprising physiological plasticity for temperate latitude horses, and indicate that while photoperiod and temperature are powerful inputs driving the biological rhythms of conception and birth in horses, these inputs may not limit their ability to conceive under perturbed conditions. The protracted infertility observed in PZP-treated horses may be of benefit for managing overabundant wildlife, but also suggests caution for use in small refugia or rare species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0054972","usgsCitation":"Ransom, J.I., Hobbs, N., and Bruemmer, J., 2013, Contraception can lead to trophic asynchrony between birth pulse and resources: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 1, e54972; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054972.","productDescription":"e54972; 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-042567","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473906,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054972","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":269938,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269937,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054972"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5150125ae4b08df5cb1312bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ransom, Jason I. 0000-0002-5930-4004","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-4004","contributorId":71645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ransom","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hobbs, N. Thompson","contributorId":35031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobbs","given":"N. Thompson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bruemmer, Jason","contributorId":75405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruemmer","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70205975,"text":"70205975 - 2013 - Variable contributions of mercury from groundwater to a first-order urban coastal plain stream in New Jersey, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-14T10:42:20","indexId":"70205975","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-21T10:36:48","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variable contributions of mercury from groundwater to a first-order urban coastal plain stream in New Jersey, USA","docAbstract":"

Filtered total mercury (FTHg) concentrations in a rapidly urbanizing area ranged from 50 to 250 ng/L in surface waters of the Squankum Branch, a tributary to a major river (Great Egg Harbor River (GEHR)) traversing both urban and forested/wetland areas in the Coastal Plain of New Jersey. An unsewered residential area with Hg-contaminated well water (one of many in the region) is adjacent to the stream’s left bank. Although the region’s groundwater contains total Hg (THg) at background levels of <10 ng/L, water from about 700 domestic wells in urbanized areas completed in the acidic, quartzose unconfined aquifer typically at depths 20 to 30 m below land surface has been found to exceed 2,000 ng/L (the USEPA maximum contaminant level). Within urbanized areas, THg concentrations in shallow groundwater (<20 m below land surface at or near the water table) and the potential for Hg transport were not well known, representing a considerable knowledge gap. Sampling of streamwater in, and groundwater discharge to, the Squankum Branch watershed revealed that concentrations of THg generally were in the range of 1 to 10 ng/L, but narrow plumes (“plumelets”) of shallow groundwater discharging to the stream from the opposing banks contained FTHg at a concentration > 5,000 ng/L (left bank) and nearly 2,000 ng/L (right bank). The Hg content of bankside soils and sediments was high (up to 12 mg/kg) and mostly acid leachable where groundwater with high Hg concentrations discharged, indicating contributions of Hg by both runoff and shallow groundwater. Elevated concentrations of nutrients and chloride in some groundwater plumelets likely indicated inputs from septic-system effluent and (or) fertilizer applications. The Hg probably derives mainly from mercurial pesticide applications to the former agricultural land being urbanized. The study results show that soil disturbance and introduction of anthropogenic substances can mobilize Hg from soils to shallow groundwater and the Hg contamination travels in narrow plumelets to discharge points such as stream tributaries. In the entire GEHR watershed, THg concentrations in groundwater discharging to streams in urban areas tended to be higher than concentrations in water discharging to streams of forested areas, consistent with the results from this small watershed. Other areas with similar quartzose coastal aquifers, land-use history, and hydrogeology may be similarly vulnerable to Hg contamination of shallow groundwater and associated surface water.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-013-1475-7","usgsCitation":"Barringer, J., Szabo, Z., Reilly, P.A., and Riskin, M.L., 2013, Variable contributions of mercury from groundwater to a first-order urban coastal plain stream in New Jersey, USA: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 224, no. 4, 1475, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1475-7.","productDescription":"1475, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-024353","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368299,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"New Jersey Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.99017333984375,\n 40.26276066437183\n ],\n [\n -74.608154296875,\n 40.26276066437183\n ],\n [\n -75.49530029296875,\n 39.50615988027491\n ],\n [\n -75.50354003906249,\n 39.459523110465156\n ],\n [\n -75.11627197265625,\n 39.196076813671695\n ],\n [\n -74.674072265625,\n 39.191819549771694\n ],\n [\n -74.3170166015625,\n 39.436192999314095\n ],\n [\n -74.07806396484375,\n 39.79376521264885\n ],\n [\n -73.99017333984375,\n 40.26276066437183\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"224","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barringer, Julia jbarring@usgs.gov","contributorId":169542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barringer","given":"Julia","email":"jbarring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Szabo, Zoltan 0000-0002-0760-9607 zszabo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-9607","contributorId":138827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Zoltan","email":"zszabo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reilly, Pamela A. 0000-0002-2937-4490 jankowsk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-4490","contributorId":653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Pamela","email":"jankowsk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Riskin, Melissa L. 0000-0001-6499-3775 mriskin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6499-3775","contributorId":654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riskin","given":"Melissa","email":"mriskin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70044671,"text":"70044671 - 2013 - Representation of ecological systems within the protected areas network of the continental United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-20T13:16:17","indexId":"70044671","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Representation of ecological systems within the protected areas network of the continental United States","docAbstract":"If conservation of biodiversity is the goal, then the protected areas network of the continental US may be one of our best conservation tools for safeguarding ecological systems (i.e., vegetation communities). We evaluated representation of ecological systems in the current protected areas network and found insufficient representation at three vegetation community levels within lower elevations and moderate to high productivity soils. We used national-level data for ecological systems and a protected areas database to explore alternative ways we might be able to increase representation of ecological systems within the continental US. By following one or more of these alternatives it may be possible to increase the representation of ecological systems in the protected areas network both quantitatively (from 10% up to 39%) and geographically and come closer to meeting the suggested Convention on Biological Diversity target of 17% for terrestrial areas. We used the Landscape Conservation Cooperative framework for regional analysis and found that increased conservation on some private and public lands may be important to the conservation of ecological systems in Western US, while increased public-private partnerships may be important in the conservation of ecological systems in Eastern US. We have not assessed the pros and cons of following the national or regional alternatives, but rather present them as possibilities that may be considered and evaluated as decisions are made to increase the representation of ecological systems in the protected areas network across their range of ecological, geographical, and geophysical occurrence in the continental US into the future.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0054689","usgsCitation":"Aycrigg, J.L., Davidson, A., Svancara, L.K., Gergely, K.J., McKerrow, A., and Scott, J.M., 2013, Representation of ecological systems within the protected areas network of the continental United States: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 1, e54689; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054689.","productDescription":"e54689; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-035086","costCenters":[{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38315,"text":"GAP Analysis Project","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054689","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":269836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269835,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054689"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -126.0,23.5 ], [ -126.0,49.0 ], [ -68.5,49.0 ], [ -68.5,23.5 ], [ -126.0,23.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"514c1de1e4b0cf4196fef2e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aycrigg, Jocelyn L.","contributorId":99445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aycrigg","given":"Jocelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davidson, Anne","contributorId":48268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Svancara, Leona K.","contributorId":20071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svancara","given":"Leona","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gergely, Kevin J. 0000-0002-4379-2189 gergely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4379-2189","contributorId":2706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gergely","given":"Kevin","email":"gergely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKerrow, Alexa 0000-0002-8312-2905 amckerrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8312-2905","contributorId":4542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKerrow","given":"Alexa","email":"amckerrow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":476209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scott, J. Michael","contributorId":98877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70038316,"text":"70038316 - 2013 - Anthropogenic impacts to the recovery of the Mexican gray wolf with a focus on trapping-related incidents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-17T13:01:54","indexId":"70038316","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic impacts to the recovery of the Mexican gray wolf with a focus on trapping-related incidents","docAbstract":"

Concerns regarding the potential negative impacts of regulated furbearer trapping to reintroduced Mexican gray wolves (Canis lupus baileyi), led to an executive order prohibiting trapping in the New Mexico, USA, portion of the Blue Range Wolf Recovery Area. This ban was to last for 6 months and required an evaluation of the risk posed to wolves by traps and snares legally permitted in New Mexico. We reviewed potential threats to wolves in the Blue Range Wolf Recovery Area, including threats associated with regulated furbearer trapping. One hundred Mexican gray wolf mortalities have been documented during the reintroduction effort (1998–2011). Of those mortalities with a known cause, >81% were human-caused resulting from illegal shooting (n = 43), vehicle collisions (n = 14), lethal removal by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS; n = 12), non-project-related trapping (n = 2), project-related trapping (n = 1), and legal shooting by the public (n = 1). Ten wolves died due to unknown causes. The remaining 17 mortalities were a result of natural causes (e.g., starvation, disease). An additional 23 wolves were permanently, but non-lethally, removed from the wild by the USFWS. Of 13 trapping incidents in New Mexico that involved non-project trappers (i.e., trappers not associated with USFWS or U.S. Department of Agriculture-Wildlife Services), 7 incidents are known to have resulted in injuries to wolves: 2 wolves sustained injuries severe enough to result in leg amputations and 2 additional wolves died as a result of injuries sustained. Foothold traps with rubber-padded jaws and properly set snares may reduce trap-related injuries to Mexican gray wolves; however, impacts caused by trapping are overshadowed by other anthropogenic impacts (e.g., illegal shooting, non-lethal permanent removal, and vehicle collisions).

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.247","usgsCitation":"Turnbull, T.T., Cain, J.W., and Roemer, G.W., 2013, Anthropogenic impacts to the recovery of the Mexican gray wolf with a focus on trapping-related incidents: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 37, no. 2, p. 311-318, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.247.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"318","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032658","costCenters":[{"id":471,"text":"New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500039,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/81d04e5fd6854e8f8677ca2f4bb8466b","text":"External Repository"},{"id":269700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269699,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.247"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0,31.33 ], [ -109.0,37.0 ], [ -103.0,37.0 ], [ -103.0,31.33 ], [ -109.0,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"37","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51498302e4b0971933f63644","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turnbull, Trey T.","contributorId":15909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turnbull","given":"Trey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, James W. III 0000-0003-4743-516X jwcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-516X","contributorId":4063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jwcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roemer, Gary W.","contributorId":95355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roemer","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70044612,"text":"70044612 - 2013 - Movements and dive patterns of short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) released from a mass stranding in the Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T11:24:17","indexId":"70044612","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":869,"text":"Aquatic Mammals","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Movements and dive patterns of short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) released from a mass stranding in the Florida Keys","title":"Movements and dive patterns of short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) released from a mass stranding in the Florida Keys","docAbstract":"

Short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) are among the most common cetaceans to engage in mass strandings in the southeastern United States. Because these are primarily pelagic, continental shelf-edge animals, much of what is known about this species has derived from mass stranding events. Post-release monitoring via satellite-linked telemetry was conducted with two adult males determined on-site to be healthy, and released directly from a mass stranding of 23 pilot whales in May 2011, near Cudjoe Key, Florida. Tracking provided an opportunity to evaluate the decision for immediate release vs rehabilitation, and to learn more about the lives of members of this difficult-to-study species in the wild. The two pilot whales remained together for at least 16 d before transmissions from one pilot whale (Y-404) ceased. Dive patterns and travel rates suggested that Y-404’s condition deteriorated prior to signal loss. Pilot Whale Y-400 was tracked for another 51 d, moving from the Blake Plateau to the Greater Antilles, remaining in the Windward Passage east of Cuba for the last 17 d of tracking. Once he reached the Antilles, Y-400 remained in high-relief habitat appropriate for the species and made dives within or exceeding the reported range for depth and duration for this species, following expected diel patterns, presumably reflecting continued good health. Telemetry data indicate that he made at least one dive to 1,000 to 1,500 m, and several dives lasted more than 40 min. Although the fates of the two released pilot whales may have been different, the concept of evaluating health and releasing individuals determined to be healthy at the time of stranding appears to have merit as an alternative to bringing all members of mass-stranded pilot whale groups into rehabilitation.

","language":"English","publisher":"European Association for Aquatic Mammals","doi":"10.1578/AM.39.1.2013.61","usgsCitation":"Wells, R.S., Fougeres, E.M., Cooper, A.G., Stevens, R.O., Brodsky, M., Lingenfelser, R., Dold, C., and Douglas, D.C., 2013, Movements and dive patterns of short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) released from a mass stranding in the Florida Keys: Aquatic Mammals, v. 39, no. 1, p. 61-72, https://doi.org/10.1578/AM.39.1.2013.61.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"72","ipdsId":"IP-043263","costCenters":[{"id":115,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269562,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5146d7dbe4b0694ee75ad3d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, Randall S.","contributorId":81773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fougeres, Erin M.","contributorId":52057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fougeres","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, Arthur G.","contributorId":41308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stevens, Robert O.","contributorId":66566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brodsky, Micah","contributorId":34401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brodsky","given":"Micah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lingenfelser, Robert","contributorId":7155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lingenfelser","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dold, Chris","contributorId":77015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dold","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70044604,"text":"70044604 - 2013 - Worldwide phylogenetic relationship of avian poxviruses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T18:54:21.350931","indexId":"70044604","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2497,"text":"Journal of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Worldwide phylogenetic relationship of avian poxviruses","docAbstract":"

Poxvirus infections have been found in 230 species of wild and domestic birds worldwide in both terrestrial and marine environments. This ubiquity raises the question of how infection has been transmitted and globally dispersed. We present a comprehensive global phylogeny of 111 novel poxvirus isolates in addition to all available sequences from GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis of the Avipoxvirus genus has traditionally relied on one gene region (4b core protein). In this study we expanded the analyses to include a second locus (DNA polymerase gene), allowing for a more robust phylogenetic framework, finer genetic resolution within specific groups, and the detection of potential recombination. Our phylogenetic results reveal several major features of avipoxvirus evolution and ecology and propose an updated avipoxvirus taxonomy, including three novel subclades. The characterization of poxviruses from 57 species of birds in this study extends the current knowledge of their host range and provides the first evidence of the phylogenetic effect of genetic recombination of avipoxviruses. The repeated occurrence of avian family or order-specific grouping within certain clades (e.g., starling poxvirus, falcon poxvirus, raptor poxvirus, etc.) indicates a marked role of host adaptation, while the sharing of poxvirus species within prey-predator systems emphasizes the capacity for cross-species infection and limited host adaptation. Our study provides a broad and comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Avipoxvirus genus, an ecologically and environmentally important viral group, to formulate a genome sequencing strategy that will clarify avipoxvirus taxonomy.

","language":"English","publisher":"ASM Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1128/JVI.03183-12","usgsCitation":"Gyuranecz, M., Foster, J., Dan, A., Ip, S., Egstad, K.F., Parker, P., Higashiguchi, J.M., Skinner, M.A., Höfle, U., Kreizinger, Z., Dorrestein, G.M., Solt, S., Sos, E., Kim, Y.J., Uhart, M., Pereda, A., Gonzalez-Hein, G., Hidalgo, H., Blanco, J., and Erdelyi, K., 2013, Worldwide phylogenetic relationship of avian poxviruses: Journal of Virology, v. 87, no. 9, p. 4938-4951, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.03183-12.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"4938","endPage":"4951","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041490","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.03183-12","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":269395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5142e360e4b073a963ff6545","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gyuranecz, Miklos","contributorId":104363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gyuranecz","given":"Miklos","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":8744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Jeffrey T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dan, Adam","contributorId":40098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dan","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Egstad, Kristina F. 0000-0002-2755-6098 kegstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2755-6098","contributorId":5120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Egstad","given":"Kristina","email":"kegstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":475962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parker, Patricia G.","contributorId":38269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Patricia G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Higashiguchi, Jenni M.","contributorId":106396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higashiguchi","given":"Jenni","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Skinner, Michael A.","contributorId":53256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Höfle, Ursula","contributorId":26943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Höfle","given":"Ursula","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kreizinger, Zsuzsa","contributorId":102352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreizinger","given":"Zsuzsa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Dorrestein, Gerry M.","contributorId":99849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorrestein","given":"Gerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Solt, Szabolcs","contributorId":85857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solt","given":"Szabolcs","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sos, Endre","contributorId":29282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sos","given":"Endre","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Kim, Young Jun","contributorId":76612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Young","email":"","middleInitial":"Jun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Uhart, Marcela","contributorId":54482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uhart","given":"Marcela","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Pereda, Ariel","contributorId":50422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereda","given":"Ariel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Gonzalez-Hein, Gisela","contributorId":101534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez-Hein","given":"Gisela","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Hidalgo, Hector","contributorId":84233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hidalgo","given":"Hector","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Blanco, Juan-Manuel","contributorId":73886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanco","given":"Juan-Manuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Erdelyi, Karoly","contributorId":66979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdelyi","given":"Karoly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70044581,"text":"70044581 - 2013 - Use of sediment amendments to rehabilitate sinking coastal swamp forests in Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-14T14:03:34","indexId":"70044581","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of sediment amendments to rehabilitate sinking coastal swamp forests in Louisiana","docAbstract":"Coastal wetlands are losing elevation worldwide, so that techniques to increase elevation such as sediment amendment might benefit these wetlands. This study examined the potential of sediment amendment to raise elevation and support the production and regeneration of vegetation in coastal forests in Louisiana. Before sediment amendment, the vegetation did not differ in these Taxodium distichum–Nyssa aquatica forests with respect to herbaceous and tree seedling composition, and sapling and tree characteristics. After the application of sediment in January 2007, sediment-amended swamps had higher elevations and salinity levels than natural swamps. The layer of sediment applied to Treasure Island in Jean Lafitte National Historic Park and Preserve was relatively deep (sediment depth at Site One and Site Two: 0.89 and 0.69 m, respectively, six months after application), and may have exceeded an optimal threshold. Sediment-amended swamp with the highest elevation had some tree mortality and little tree growth of T. distichum. Also, sediment-amended swamp had higher root biomasses of ruderal species, and lower species richness and cover of herbaceous species. Nevertheless, during controlled water releases during an oil spill emergency in 2010, both sediment-amended and reference forest had higher production levels than in other years. While sediment amendment is a compelling management alternative for sinking coastal wetlands, optimal thresholds were not determined for these T. distichum–N. aquatica swamps.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.01.025","usgsCitation":"Middleton, B.A., and Jiang, M., 2013, Use of sediment amendments to rehabilitate sinking coastal swamp forests in Louisiana: Ecological Engineering, v. 54, p. 183-191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.01.025.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"191","ipdsId":"IP-038627","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269351,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269314,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.01.025"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.0434,28.9254 ], [ -94.0434,33.0195 ], [ -88.8162,33.0195 ], [ -88.8162,28.9254 ], [ -94.0434,28.9254 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"54","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5142e35fe4b073a963ff6541","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jiang, Ming","contributorId":83770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"Ming","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70044576,"text":"70044576 - 2013 - A comparison of bats and rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses: are bats special?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T20:32:27","indexId":"70044576","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3173,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of bats and rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses: are bats special?","docAbstract":"Bats are the natural reservoirs of a number of high-impact viral zoonoses. We present a quantitative analysis to address the hypothesis that bats are unique in their propensity to host zoonotic viruses based on a comparison with rodents, another important host order. We found that bats indeed host more zoonotic viruses per species than rodents, and we identified life-history and ecological factors that promote zoonotic viral richness. More zoonotic viruses are hosted by species whose distributions overlap with a greater number of other species in the same taxonomic order (sympatry). Specifically in bats, there was evidence for increased zoonotic viral richness in species with smaller litters (one young), greater longevity and more litters per year. Furthermore, our results point to a new hypothesis to explain in part why bats host more zoonotic viruses per species: the stronger effect of sympatry in bats and more viruses shared between bat species suggests that interspecific transmission is more prevalent among bats than among rodents. Although bats host more zoonotic viruses per species, the total number of zoonotic viruses identified in bats (61) was lower than in rodents (68), a result of there being approximately twice the number of rodent species as bat species. Therefore, rodents should still be a serious concern as reservoirs of emerging viruses. These findings shed light on disease emergence and perpetuation mechanisms and may help lead to a predictive framework for identifying future emerging infectious virus reservoirs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, U.K.","usgsCitation":"Luis, A.D., Hayman, D.T., O'Shea, T., Cryan, P., Gilbert, A.T., Pulliam, J., Mills, J.N., Timonin, M.E., Willis, C.K., Cunningham, A.A., Fooks, A.R., Rupprecht, C.E., Wood, J.L., and Webb, C.T., 2013, A comparison of bats and rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses: are bats special?: Proceedings of the Royal Society B, v. 280, no. 1756, p. 1471-2954.","productDescription":"20122753; 1484","startPage":"1471","endPage":"2954","ipdsId":"IP-043312","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269292,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"280","issue":"1756","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"514191dce4b0eefcba208d33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luis, Angela D.","contributorId":33199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luis","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayman, David T.S.","contributorId":26946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"T.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Shea, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":78071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":99685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gilbert, Amy T.","contributorId":15093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pulliam, Juliet R.C.","contributorId":87047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pulliam","given":"Juliet R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mills, James N.","contributorId":17505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Timonin, Mary E.","contributorId":89037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Timonin","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Willis, Craig K. R.","contributorId":92551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willis","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"K. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cunningham, Andrew A.","contributorId":14710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Fooks, Anthony R.","contributorId":29286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fooks","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rupprecht, Charles E.","contributorId":95774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupprecht","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Wood, James L.N.","contributorId":98607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Webb, Colleen T.","contributorId":52471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70044516,"text":"70044516 - 2013 - High seroprevalence of antibodies to avian influenza viruses among wild waterfowl in Alaska: implications for surveillance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-03T14:39:55","indexId":"70044516","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High seroprevalence of antibodies to avian influenza viruses among wild waterfowl in Alaska: implications for surveillance","docAbstract":"

We examined seroprevalence (presence of detectable antibodies in serum) for avian influenza viruses (AIV) among 4,485 birds, from 11 species of wild waterfowl in Alaska (1998–2010), sampled during breeding/molting periods. Seroprevalence varied among species (highest in eiders (Somateria and Polysticta species), and emperor geese (Chen canagica)), ages (adults higher than juveniles), across geographic locations (highest in the Arctic and Alaska Peninsula) and among years in tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus). All seroprevalence rates in excess of 60% were found in marine-dependent species. Seroprevalence was much higher than AIV infection based on rRT-PCR or virus isolation alone. Because pre-existing AIV antibodies can infer some protection against highly pathogenic AIV (HPAI H5N1), our results imply that some wild waterfowl in Alaska could be protected from lethal HPAIV infections. Seroprevalence should be considered in deciphering patterns of exposure, differential infection, and rates of AIV transmission. Our results suggest surveillance programs include species and populations with high AIV seroprevalences, in addition to those with high infection rates. Serologic testing, including examination of serotype-specific antibodies throughout the annual cycle, would help to better assess spatial and temporal patterns of AIV transmission and overall disease dynamics.

","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0058308","usgsCitation":"Wilson, H.M., Hall, J., Flint, P.L., Franson, J., Ely, C.R., Schmutz, J.A., and Samuel, M.D., 2013, High seroprevalence of antibodies to avian influenza viruses among wild waterfowl in Alaska: implications for surveillance: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 3, e58308; 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058308.","productDescription":"e58308; 7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043242","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058308","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":269270,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269269,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058308"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-162.255031,54.978353],[-162.30058,54.832594],[-162.41737,54.877491],[-162.255031,54.978353]]],[[[-160.0179,55.15613],[-159.889174,55.287138],[-159.905365,55.164689],[-159.816419,55.178051],[-160.183466,54.91568],[-160.191392,55.108574],[-160.0179,55.15613]]],[[[-159.455311,55.061452],[-159.328791,54.980598],[-159.426615,54.942266],[-159.455311,55.061452]]],[[[-161.718614,55.154166],[-161.608634,55.116906],[-161.862504,55.127598],[-161.718614,55.154166]]],[[[-160.506927,55.32773],[-160.486174,55.193617],[-160.806009,55.12567],[-160.797147,55.381521],[-160.344369,55.362962],[-160.330722,55.261045],[-160.506927,55.32773]]],[[[-160.21178,55.455862],[-160.141834,55.387154],[-160.27997,55.395905],[-160.21178,55.455862]]],[[[-165.790523,54.171758],[-165.714198,54.120815],[-166.098255,54.103538],[-166.002465,54.213629],[-165.790523,54.171758]]],[[[-165.523466,54.299895],[-165.405377,54.212837],[-165.629725,54.132558],[-165.681458,54.236914],[-165.523466,54.299895]]],[[[-162.801865,54.48944],[-162.588883,54.450064],[-162.611891,54.368077],[-162.86005,54.425452],[-162.801865,54.48944]]],[[[-170.286318,57.128169],[-170.311707,57.219122],[-170.161647,57.229656],[-170.286318,57.128169]]],[[[178.785825,51.633434],[179.462765,51.376176],[178.634021,51.623981],[178.785825,51.633434]]],[[[-176.762478,51.867878],[-176.789558,51.957211],[-176.603598,51.997056],[-176.543309,51.838624],[-176.268243,51.785498],[-176.930952,51.59247],[-176.918065,51.788003],[-176.762478,51.867878]]],[[[-177.800647,51.778294],[-177.909185,51.596671],[-178.172666,51.839985],[-177.615311,51.85508],[-177.800647,51.778294]]],[[[-177.360408,51.727533],[-177.631523,51.696844],[-177.099266,51.936119],[-177.13096,51.762772],[-177.360408,51.727533]]],[[[177.601645,52.016377],[177.235523,51.87326],[177.661607,52.112746],[177.601645,52.016377]]],[[[179.758993,51.946595],[179.649484,51.87367],[179.482464,51.982834],[179.758993,51.946595]]],[[[-174.301818,52.278949],[-174.408277,52.289872],[-174.185347,52.417788],[-173.989415,52.325275],[-174.177679,52.233638],[-174.090169,52.139119],[-175.27485,52.018619],[-174.301818,52.278949]]],[[[-173.602446,52.153773],[-173.019588,52.097881],[-173.511915,52.031278],[-174.04675,52.122403],[-173.602446,52.153773]]],[[[173.587554,52.476785],[173.769503,52.512072],[173.725696,52.356579],[173.3955,52.402647],[173.587554,52.476785]]],[[[172.763366,52.823656],[172.469022,52.911337],[173.107249,52.993228],[173.421682,52.845477],[172.763366,52.823656]]],[[[-168.211705,53.256184],[-169.041338,52.839348],[-168.617143,53.260985],[-168.366519,53.252024],[-168.315847,53.481729],[-167.816998,53.517947],[-167.872879,53.36736],[-168.211705,53.256184]]],[[[-166.728918,54.003111],[-166.57509,53.879236],[-166.373689,54.01003],[-166.210964,53.933557],[-166.547438,53.749404],[-166.119922,53.855048],[-166.111317,53.776856],[-166.656234,53.487119],[-167.798984,53.284757],[-167.102305,53.515077],[-167.16164,53.605909],[-167.041245,53.707929],[-166.779991,53.719126],[-167.141966,53.826932],[-166.728918,54.003111]]],[[[-169.553937,56.608682],[-169.473138,56.601741],[-169.75575,56.591922],[-169.553937,56.608682]]],[[[-165.721389,60.16962],[-165.539367,59.965175],[-166.157071,59.748886],[-167.111785,59.989349],[-167.421489,60.205431],[-166.847438,60.213592],[-166.124379,60.414253],[-165.697326,60.297238],[-165.721389,60.16962]]],[[[-173.052751,60.515252],[-172.951862,60.605671],[-172.269754,60.333887],[-172.595895,60.318233],[-173.052751,60.515252]]],[[[-160.918586,58.746935],[-160.700627,58.817368],[-160.880515,58.581325],[-161.07563,58.549916],[-160.918586,58.746935]]],[[[-151.930565,60.51632],[-151.839194,60.485862],[-152.079995,60.341191],[-151.930565,60.51632]]],[[[-131.246018,54.989555],[-131.253671,54.866779],[-131.469097,54.913153],[-131.246018,54.989555]]],[[[-131.759896,55.381845],[-131.748334,55.128588],[-131.870568,55.364553],[-131.759896,55.381845]]],[[[-158.800682,55.891025],[-158.7036,55.841532],[-158.889198,55.810123],[-158.800682,55.891025]]],[[[-131.56956,55.284114],[-131.350575,55.067042],[-131.579882,55.017576],[-131.56956,55.284114]]],[[[-133.344847,55.569327],[-133.289854,55.50187],[-133.609073,55.241486],[-133.690174,55.304409],[-133.733029,55.558757],[-133.644202,55.470815],[-133.344847,55.569327]]],[[[-133.104304,55.426907],[-133.416549,55.739647],[-133.701152,55.78516],[-133.347915,55.803943],[-133.384089,55.87677],[-133.799931,55.925349],[-133.548802,56.14284],[-133.593728,56.352192],[-133.094977,56.250583],[-132.146062,55.470346],[-132.514798,55.576767],[-132.608786,55.486348],[-132.408317,55.512522],[-132.166857,55.363039],[-132.214912,55.2457],[-131.979818,55.211787],[-132.180334,55.015557],[-131.984592,55.027978],[-131.999591,54.731975],[-132.142277,54.691674],[-132.55839,54.932612],[-132.598675,55.150482],[-132.748854,54.996007],[-133.119294,55.251405],[-132.909706,54.923594],[-132.650001,54.904387],[-132.676226,54.680865],[-132.866355,54.700386],[-133.21042,55.040269],[-133.223791,55.229317],[-133.473593,55.255547],[-133.021557,55.366336],[-133.104304,55.426907]]],[[[-147.483828,60.618636],[-147.487635,60.728092],[-147.3087,60.665274],[-147.483828,60.618636]]],[[[-147.217704,60.293504],[-146.962633,60.311911],[-147.533041,59.852401],[-147.912883,59.79224],[-147.217704,60.293504]]],[[[-147.562801,60.579821],[-147.720124,60.202002],[-147.908985,60.224359],[-147.782548,60.4833],[-147.562801,60.579821]]],[[[-132.977163,56.439673],[-132.634335,56.422174],[-132.662081,56.274795],[-133.010587,56.309492],[-132.977163,56.439673]]],[[[-135.631777,58.380673],[-135.538502,58.337842],[-135.727908,58.365444],[-135.631777,58.380673]]],[[[-134.713987,58.220748],[-134.215981,58.162128],[-133.832895,57.635733],[-134.202353,57.90633],[-133.870327,57.381298],[-134.565687,57.023737],[-134.646773,57.226327],[-134.578511,57.400291],[-134.486023,57.372492],[-134.969189,58.367542],[-134.713987,58.220748]]],[[[-155.656727,55.860872],[-155.564404,55.809476],[-155.718593,55.772356],[-155.656727,55.860872]]],[[[-152.24289,58.241192],[-152.265111,58.135732],[-152.562829,58.177979],[-152.706831,58.050577],[-153.075746,58.099571],[-152.876788,58.002307],[-152.982406,57.984697],[-153.419783,58.059638],[-153.156402,58.090087],[-153.209672,58.15035],[-152.610955,58.475775],[-152.56771,58.621304],[-152.354709,58.63828],[-152.493991,58.354684],[-152.328063,58.434372],[-151.964103,58.269049],[-152.081083,58.154275],[-152.24289,58.241192]]],[[[-153.940505,56.558317],[-154.343096,56.510171],[-154.223759,56.612955],[-153.940505,56.558317]]],[[[-152.417424,57.815464],[-152.324284,57.824444],[-152.468172,57.600996],[-152.179531,57.624809],[-152.323683,57.467861],[-152.9663,57.51217],[-152.601148,57.382165],[-153.079288,57.32196],[-152.97091,57.282624],[-153.163333,57.216713],[-152.874839,57.16095],[-153.301142,56.991192],[-153.328206,57.141993],[-153.675981,57.06983],[-153.543429,56.995245],[-153.97178,56.744861],[-154.129017,56.742168],[-153.804787,57.113158],[-154.298965,56.846479],[-154.574343,57.239919],[-154.777368,57.280008],[-154.629678,57.510197],[-154.22566,57.661366],[-153.994572,57.656905],[-153.802932,57.350896],[-153.877756,57.629529],[-153.667261,57.639008],[-153.93522,57.813047],[-153.721176,57.890615],[-153.557647,57.734741],[-153.324872,57.831048],[-153.528697,57.921717],[-153.469421,57.977282],[-153.127278,57.856748],[-153.299009,57.985626],[-152.723425,57.99172],[-152.904312,57.750825],[-152.415177,57.973081],[-152.324103,57.916604],[-152.417424,57.815464]]],[[[-134.283312,55.925175],[-134.173104,55.918519],[-134.327238,55.83644],[-134.283312,55.925175]]],[[[-134.121514,56.069847],[-134.224073,56.065223],[-134.292353,56.352644],[-134.067466,56.390987],[-134.089604,56.472582],[-134.401407,56.725419],[-134.339168,56.90183],[-134.19095,56.861675],[-134.273113,56.933823],[-133.76778,56.780469],[-133.713331,56.598298],[-133.895746,56.511217],[-133.971228,56.083293],[-134.054411,56.224854],[-134.121514,56.069847]]],[[[-132.546463,56.606563],[-132.984751,56.51264],[-133.325392,56.791864],[-133.089388,56.535474],[-133.603669,56.435413],[-133.689996,56.839421],[-134.049218,57.029203],[-133.104611,57.005701],[-132.546463,56.606563]]],[[[-134.666587,56.169947],[-135.054049,56.527658],[-135.005249,56.602252],[-135.398678,56.779201],[-135.372021,57.228003],[-135.674687,57.336747],[-135.526036,57.509697],[-134.849477,57.40967],[-134.615955,56.637289],[-134.666587,56.169947]]],[[[-135.587961,57.89732],[-135.29156,57.737468],[-134.929726,57.759203],[-134.824891,57.500067],[-135.025148,57.454315],[-135.571606,57.674397],[-135.669416,57.389296],[-135.892131,57.408048],[-136.563223,58.035052],[-136.354836,58.192279],[-136.404805,58.267232],[-136.239246,58.171913],[-135.823562,58.282975],[-135.522646,58.185909],[-135.581753,57.997568],[-135.420107,58.144202],[-134.912854,57.979287],[-135.140674,57.926114],[-134.991819,57.835436],[-135.19896,57.775092],[-135.587961,57.89732]]],[[[-135.703464,57.32204],[-135.575722,57.104231],[-135.854131,56.995043],[-135.755997,57.121225],[-135.849974,57.265895],[-135.703464,57.32204]]],[[[-162.587754,63.275727],[-162.252411,63.541753],[-161.310181,63.471312],[-160.809089,63.731332],[-160.976038,64.235761],[-161.492926,64.407851],[-161.388621,64.532783],[-161.024185,64.499719],[-160.783398,64.71716],[-161.149655,64.911985],[-161.42986,64.759027],[-162.188146,64.672395],[-162.790167,64.325182],[-162.940776,64.542417],[-163.217757,64.632062],[-163.311983,64.58828],[-163.033231,64.519314],[-163.175336,64.399334],[-163.597834,64.563356],[-165.001961,64.433917],[-166.189546,64.575798],[-166.451788,64.691761],[-166.410198,64.827968],[-166.530518,64.937114],[-166.911922,65.125965],[-166.521506,65.149242],[-166.439404,65.319058],[-167.398458,65.400259],[-168.127044,65.626584],[-165.80503,66.33331],[-164.400727,66.58111],[-163.754171,66.551284],[-163.904813,66.230303],[-164.046937,66.209404],[-163.623921,66.058281],[-161.838018,66.022582],[-161.548429,66.239912],[-161.067871,66.235164],[-161.360743,66.375943],[-161.912946,66.344436],[-161.87488,66.511446],[-162.501415,66.742503],[-162.601052,66.898455],[-162.271769,66.904144],[-162.013623,66.779406],[-162.033156,66.631585],[-161.624334,66.450143],[-161.326349,66.478371],[-161.86618,66.704978],[-161.719587,66.916898],[-161.485121,66.945647],[-161.62216,67.008146],[-163.69887,67.114443],[-163.878781,67.416125],[-164.209816,67.639079],[-166.784578,68.340431],[-166.305962,68.46154],[-166.222496,68.860441],[-163.973678,68.985044],[-163.137614,69.352178],[-163.016456,69.538142],[-163.118176,69.589156],[-162.916958,69.692512],[-163.010545,69.728109],[-161.922949,70.291599],[-160.839536,70.344534],[-159.209082,70.870067],[-159.132483,70.828359],[-159.290577,70.811262],[-159.13779,70.758609],[-157.768452,70.875842],[-156.56865,71.352561],[-155.513987,71.096794],[-155.95205,70.964831],[-155.969194,70.827982],[-155.543031,70.847175],[-155.03174,71.146473],[-154.61605,71.026182],[-154.577386,70.835335],[-154.181863,70.768325],[-153.23848,70.922467],[-152.259966,70.84282],[-152.187197,70.801546],[-152.471531,70.68884],[-152.433781,70.616926],[-151.695162,70.549675],[-151.91921,70.472686],[-151.844375,70.434959],[-149.461755,70.518271],[-147.681722,70.199954],[-145.842689,70.164102],[-144.902304,69.96451],[-143.574986,70.154598],[-142.746807,70.042531],[-141.377718,69.634631],[-141.002672,69.645609],[-141.00184,60.306105],[-139.989142,60.18524],[-139.738924,60.31842],[-139.086669,60.357654],[-139.200346,60.090701],[-137.604277,59.243057],[-137.526424,58.906834],[-136.581521,59.164909],[-136.474326,59.464194],[-136.234229,59.524731],[-136.256889,59.623646],[-135.477436,59.799626],[-135.254125,59.701339],[-135.027456,59.563692],[-134.961972,59.280376],[-134.702383,59.247836],[-134.250526,58.858046],[-133.379908,58.427909],[-133.461475,58.385526],[-132.29792,57.269469],[-132.371312,57.095229],[-132.051044,57.051155],[-132.080262,56.850926],[-131.9301,56.835211],[-131.849898,56.661227],[-130.102761,56.116696],[-130.023189,55.930665],[-130.150595,55.767031],[-129.982348,55.302079],[-130.409764,54.881192],[-130.854966,54.766341],[-131.093806,55.191335],[-130.925069,55.300713],[-130.901872,55.69738],[-131.093956,55.895675],[-131.243491,55.973689],[-130.94683,55.650716],[-130.959772,55.315892],[-131.000594,55.398012],[-131.160492,55.197481],[-131.263089,55.208318],[-131.191595,55.360527],[-131.402931,55.238065],[-131.828446,55.445214],[-131.664629,55.581525],[-131.713742,55.853263],[-131.828176,55.877284],[-131.936689,55.535151],[-132.183207,55.588128],[-132.283594,55.761774],[-132.067412,55.875078],[-131.943402,56.192557],[-132.320487,55.887648],[-132.708697,56.112124],[-132.543076,56.332276],[-132.382793,56.299203],[-132.394268,56.485579],[-132.204367,56.372086],[-132.371589,56.672473],[-132.528446,56.702056],[-132.432385,56.782385],[-132.770404,56.837486],[-132.91197,56.966651],[-132.813684,57.030218],[-133.466932,57.159356],[-133.489738,57.305192],[-133.287052,57.30292],[-133.475998,57.380394],[-133.478086,57.56173],[-133.66439,57.611707],[-133.65855,57.707924],[-133.234598,57.608749],[-134.049603,58.062027],[-134.087674,58.181952],[-134.631203,58.247446],[-135.368331,59.263275],[-135.295084,59.08761],[-135.38931,58.990528],[-135.142322,58.61637],[-135.056227,58.189884],[-135.433061,58.399899],[-135.90731,58.380839],[-136.120307,58.968418],[-136.150772,58.757266],[-136.247343,58.752935],[-136.877826,58.962392],[-136.928643,58.900131],[-136.463258,58.781607],[-136.422309,58.647412],[-136.246368,58.663185],[-136.041818,58.380161],[-136.70125,58.219416],[-137.608804,58.601234],[-138.131,59.002613],[-139.855565,59.53666],[-139.51818,59.687814],[-139.625896,59.904084],[-139.486032,60.012407],[-140.272266,59.700609],[-141.423134,59.877329],[-141.299609,59.937397],[-141.384318,60.071598],[-141.73624,59.961905],[-142.698419,60.093333],[-144.035037,60.020202],[-144.59088,59.795581],[-144.052539,60.041759],[-144.892815,60.292821],[-144.964135,60.444466],[-145.113885,60.300978],[-145.9469,60.455395],[-145.712891,60.583249],[-146.689523,60.271279],[-146.637783,60.467178],[-145.795141,60.601121],[-145.841742,60.685893],[-146.253471,60.622315],[-146.101458,60.719277],[-146.191553,60.73199],[-146.668151,60.692761],[-146.183555,60.846969],[-146.262969,60.867787],[-146.801009,60.80516],[-146.653827,61.047752],[-146.262451,61.090246],[-146.613659,61.118799],[-147.378483,60.877845],[-147.525453,60.896057],[-147.514173,61.096127],[-147.66899,60.841563],[-148.134384,60.791268],[-147.715826,61.249669],[-148.426951,60.827113],[-148.384491,60.687754],[-148.148059,60.758536],[-148.091712,60.676249],[-148.30652,60.550702],[-148.115163,60.596029],[-147.942106,60.444029],[-148.025994,60.279029],[-148.171278,60.335266],[-148.362497,60.221849],[-147.913221,60.132576],[-148.016432,59.999344],[-147.848469,60.078962],[-147.917935,59.985997],[-148.225235,59.950195],[-148.148011,59.994952],[-148.274241,60.013318],[-148.293213,60.151289],[-148.401601,59.9976],[-149.133115,60.044918],[-149.287588,59.906506],[-149.341584,60.076762],[-149.584254,59.866905],[-149.526358,59.703258],[-149.666147,59.850527],[-149.746364,59.860881],[-149.74622,59.637585],[-150.028296,59.788652],[-149.928962,59.723245],[-150.392481,59.387265],[-150.316945,59.585285],[-150.478742,59.458498],[-150.547729,59.590331],[-150.942212,59.233136],[-151.915684,59.227522],[-151.991618,59.313617],[-151.826047,59.439049],[-151.272459,59.555823],[-150.927312,59.793431],[-151.503822,59.633662],[-151.829137,59.720151],[-151.71801,60.009473],[-151.30609,60.387257],[-151.40927,60.720558],[-150.353702,61.031822],[-150.217179,60.930001],[-149.111617,60.878949],[-150.039304,61.144291],[-149.429513,61.447165],[-149.542776,61.489995],[-149.919682,61.26347],[-150.646221,61.296689],[-151.783271,60.868713],[-151.702833,60.727778],[-151.860179,60.753282],[-152.309221,60.506384],[-152.234199,60.393888],[-152.715881,60.241274],[-152.596784,60.101071],[-152.745083,59.904232],[-153.225937,59.858343],[-153.021945,59.834133],[-153.214156,59.634271],[-153.366613,59.633729],[-153.439977,59.784652],[-153.577828,59.555991],[-154.087803,59.367967],[-154.260121,59.14302],[-153.254798,58.861756],[-153.445002,58.70931],[-153.851432,58.611872],[-154.291163,58.13568],[-154.990431,58.013424],[-155.37861,57.710766],[-155.617188,57.769715],[-155.731412,57.555546],[-156.044031,57.564455],[-156.036722,57.470941],[-156.481632,57.338705],[-156.551239,57.2908],[-156.336427,57.336081],[-156.355401,57.159679],[-156.5472,56.986488],[-157.201724,56.767511],[-157.45759,56.848204],[-157.536486,56.615317],[-158.042012,56.596744],[-157.859766,56.483668],[-158.402954,56.455193],[-158.498837,56.38011],[-158.112718,56.240286],[-158.475258,56.093405],[-158.417889,56.036796],[-158.575042,56.121129],[-158.737009,55.953313],[-159.472801,55.83905],[-159.696713,55.573306],[-159.627482,55.803248],[-159.81107,55.85657],[-160.410823,55.66538],[-160.481633,55.489068],[-160.909625,55.52414],[-161.231535,55.357452],[-161.445196,55.368103],[-161.376102,55.569794],[-161.587047,55.62006],[-161.878076,55.223599],[-162.041236,55.236806],[-162.053281,55.074212],[-162.489735,55.064849],[-162.4168,55.104096],[-162.584872,55.298386],[-162.692309,55.197313],[-162.569289,54.97124],[-162.881639,54.934785],[-163.165036,55.099214],[-163.226313,55.042694],[-163.067008,54.979302],[-163.373207,54.800841],[-163.057228,54.688101],[-163.344791,54.751211],[-163.572383,54.623211],[-164.179617,54.599188],[-164.41682,54.431713],[-164.844931,54.417583],[-164.949781,54.575697],[-164.48678,54.922441],[-163.568159,55.049145],[-163.318885,54.88012],[-163.268767,55.145465],[-162.86152,55.198339],[-161.816225,55.888993],[-160.898682,55.999014],[-160.814205,55.953834],[-160.940845,55.822529],[-160.806014,55.738241],[-160.668102,55.723556],[-160.769155,55.858268],[-160.293924,55.765556],[-160.273176,55.856881],[-160.534541,55.989498],[-160.357156,56.279582],[-158.957471,56.851184],[-158.660298,56.789015],[-158.659945,57.034585],[-158.376249,57.265542],[-157.786046,57.542189],[-157.573472,57.522732],[-157.703782,57.721768],[-157.596601,58.08867],[-157.39735,58.173383],[-157.524477,58.414506],[-156.980888,58.891031],[-158.190283,58.61371],[-158.512547,58.78311],[-158.487015,58.999872],[-158.179588,59.012245],[-158.522231,59.021763],[-158.789632,58.814257],[-158.827852,58.626432],[-158.704052,58.482759],[-158.880927,58.39067],[-159.657362,58.938712],[-159.908386,58.779903],[-160.322922,58.953953],[-160.31778,59.070477],[-161.751999,58.551842],[-162.171722,58.648441],[-161.769501,58.774937],[-161.828171,59.062702],[-162.048584,59.254177],[-161.738312,59.46701],[-162.453176,60.27854],[-162.1724,60.624038],[-162.571198,60.25189],[-162.453176,60.197639],[-162.503647,59.99923],[-163.349027,59.81989],[-164.079837,59.828034],[-164.1916,60.024496],[-165.129403,60.433707],[-164.961439,60.508391],[-165.362975,60.506866],[-164.97125,60.711434],[-164.945958,60.92106],[-165.132488,60.850145],[-165.194945,60.9739],[-164.87045,61.079564],[-165.2897,61.181714],[-165.403007,61.06706],[-165.578127,61.100361],[-165.662892,61.29457],[-165.921194,61.40308],[-165.767226,61.45695],[-165.807627,61.529171],[-166.165232,61.550618],[-166.158976,61.700437],[-165.82214,61.67061],[-166.092081,61.800733],[-165.640216,61.848041],[-165.706155,62.108365],[-164.837703,62.685267],[-164.783858,62.946154],[-164.493118,63.17767],[-164.066991,63.262276],[-163.316203,63.037763],[-162.587754,63.275727]]],[[[-169.267598,63.343995],[-168.692939,63.302282],[-168.818344,63.163224],[-169.396308,63.136617],[-169.638309,62.937527],[-170.512102,63.341881],[-171.067663,63.424579],[-171.433319,63.307578],[-171.849984,63.485039],[-171.699647,63.781728],[-170.950817,63.570127],[-170.281988,63.68502],[-169.974858,63.470618],[-169.267598,63.343995]]],[[[-162.614621,63.621832],[-162.341892,63.594062],[-162.676581,63.555648],[-162.614621,63.621832]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Alaska\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"514191dee4b0eefcba208d3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Heather M.","contributorId":37056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13236,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":475791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hall, Jeffery S. 0000-0001-5599-2826","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-2826","contributorId":87049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Jeffery S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":95002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J. Christian","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}