The Culebra Dolomite Member of the Rustler Formation, a thin (10 m) fractured dolomite aquifer, lies approximately 450 m above the repository horizon of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in southeastern New Mexico, USA. Salinities of water in the Culebra range roughly from 10,000 to 200,000 mg/L within the WIPP site. A proposed model for the post-Pleistocene hydrochemical evolution of the Culebra tentatively identifies the major sources and sinks for many of the groundwater solutes. Reaction-path simulations with the PHRQPITZ code suggest that the Culebra dolomite is a partial chemical equilibrium system whose composition is controlled by an irreversible process (dissolution of evaporites) and equilibrium with gypsum and calcite. Net geochemical reactions along postulated modern flow paths, calculated with the NETPATH code, include dissolution of halite, carbonate and evaporite salts, and ion exchange. R-mode principal component analysis revealed correlations among the concentrations of Si, Mg, pH, Li, and B that are consistent with several clay-water reactions. The results of the geochemical calculations and mineralogical data are consistent with the following hydrochemical model:
Flooding of the Iowa River during July and August 1993 caused extensive contraction scour at the State Highway 99 bridge over the Iowa River at Wapello, Iowa. At least 3.3 m of piling under the footing of the second pier from the right (west) abutment were exposed. The scoured streambed did not fill in again after the flood receded, and a bathymetric survey in November 1993 showed that the streambed had been scoured for a distance of about 500 m upstream from the bridge. The bridge was closed to traffic, first because of water over the roadway when a levee failed, and then remained closed because of the exposed piling. The bridge subsequently was reopened to traffic with a weight limit of 13.6 tons.
","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1994 ASCE National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"1 August 1994 through 5 August 1994","conferenceLocation":"Buffalo, NY, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","issn":"10701559","isbn":"0784400377","usgsCitation":"Fischer, E.E., 1994, Contraction scour at a bridge over the Iowa River, in Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, no. pt 1, Buffalo, NY, USA, 1 August 1994 through 5 August 1994, p. 31-35.","startPage":"31","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228859,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.24523162841797,\n 41.104190944576466\n ],\n [\n -91.24523162841797,\n 41.235478485093836\n ],\n [\n -91.11442565917969,\n 41.235478485093836\n ],\n [\n -91.11442565917969,\n 41.104190944576466\n ],\n [\n -91.24523162841797,\n 41.104190944576466\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"pt 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa77e4b0c8380cd4daeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, Edward E. edf@usgs.gov","contributorId":1063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Edward","email":"edf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":377546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70017611,"text":"70017611 - 1994 - Contributions to a shallow aquifer study by reprocessed seismic sections from petroleum exploration surveys, eastern Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-15T16:27:41.216883","indexId":"70017611","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2165,"text":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contributions to a shallow aquifer study by reprocessed seismic sections from petroleum exploration surveys, eastern Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Drilling Company of Abu Dhabi, is conducting a 4-year study of the fresh and slightly saline groundwater resources of the eastern Abu Dhabi Emirate. Most of this water occurs in a shallow aquifer, generally less than 150 m deep, in the Al Ain area. A critical part of the Al Ain area coincides with a former petroleum concession area where about 2780 km of vibroseis data were collected along 94 seismic lines during 1981–1983. Field methods, acquistion parameters, and section processing were originally designed to enhance reflections expected at depths ranging from 5000 to 6000 m, and subsurface features directly associated with the shallow aquifer system were deleted from the original seismic sections. The original field tapes from the vibroseis survey were reprocessed in an attempt to extract shallow subsurface information (depths less than 550 m) for investigating the shallow aquifer.
A unique sequence of reproccessing parameters was established after reviewing the results from many experimental tests. Many enhancements to the resolution of shallow seismic reflections resulted from: (1) application of a 20-Hz, low-cut filter; (2) recomputation of static corrections to a datum nearer the land surface; (3) intensive velocity analyses; and (4) near-trace muting analyses. The number, resolution, and lateral continuity of shallow reflections were greatly enhanced on the reprocessed sections, as was the delineation of shallow, major faults. Reflections on a synthetic seismogram, created from a borehole drilled to a depth of 786 m on seismic line IQS-11, matched precisely with shallow reflections on the reprocessed section. The 33 reprocessed sections were instrumental in preparing a map showing the major structural features that affect the shallow aquifer system. Analysis of the map provides a better understanding of the effect of these shallow features on the regional occurrence, movement, and quality of groundwater in the concession area. Results from this study demonstrate that original seismic field tapes collected for deep petroleum exploration can be reprocessed to explore for groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0926-9851(94)90062-0","issn":"09269851","usgsCitation":"Woodward, D., 1994, Contributions to a shallow aquifer study by reprocessed seismic sections from petroleum exploration surveys, eastern Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: Journal of Applied Geophysics, v. 31, no. 1-4, p. 271-289, https://doi.org/10.1016/0926-9851(94)90062-0.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"289","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228763,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa8fe4b0c8380cd4db89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodward, D.","contributorId":36701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":72594,"text":"fs04694 - 1994 - Great Salt Lake basins study unit","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T11:39:54","indexId":"fs04694","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"046-94","title":"Great Salt Lake basins study unit","docAbstract":"In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began implementing a full-scale National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program.
The long-term goals of the NAWQA Program are to describe the status and trends in the quality of a large, representative part of the Nation’s surface- and ground-water resources and to provide a sound, scientific understanding of the primary natural and human factors that affect the quality of these resources. In meeting these goals, the program will produce a wealth of water-quality information that will be useful to policy makers and managers at Federal, State, and local levels.
A major design feature of the NAWQA Program will enable water-quality information at different areal scales to be integrated. A major component of the program is study-unit investigations, which ae the principal building blocks of the program upon which national-level assessment activities will be based. The 60 study-unit investigations that make up the program are hydrologic systems that include principal river basins and aquifer systems throughout the Nation. These study units cover areas from less than 1.000 to greater than 60,000 mi2 and incorporate from about 60 to 70 percent of the Nation’s water use and population served by public water supply. In 1993, assessment activities began in the Great Salt Lake Basins NAWQA study unit.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/fs04694","usgsCitation":"Waddell, K.M., and Baskin, R.L., 1994, Great Salt Lake basins study unit: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 046-94, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs04694.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1994/0046/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":263358,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1994/0046/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.236328125,\n 39.86758762451019\n ],\n [\n -111.87377929687499,\n 39.64799732373418\n ],\n [\n -111.324462890625,\n 40.019201307686785\n ],\n [\n -111.302490234375,\n 40.3130432088809\n ],\n [\n -110.753173828125,\n 40.98819156349393\n ],\n [\n -110.50048828124999,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -110.55541992187499,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -111.77490234375,\n 42.771211138625894\n ],\n [\n -112.412109375,\n 42.431565872579185\n ],\n [\n -112.510986328125,\n 41.566141964768384\n ],\n [\n -112.43408203124999,\n 41.15384235711447\n ],\n [\n -112.12646484375,\n 40.763901280945866\n ],\n [\n -112.236328125,\n 39.86758762451019\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6835e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, Kidd M.","contributorId":20720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"Kidd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baskin, Robert L. 0000-0002-2175-8502 rbaskin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2175-8502","contributorId":360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskin","given":"Robert","email":"rbaskin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":72593,"text":"fs03294 - 1994 - Transport of nitrogen-contaminated ground water through a coastal aquifer and marsh, Orleans, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:59","indexId":"fs03294","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"032-94","title":"Transport of nitrogen-contaminated ground water through a coastal aquifer and marsh, Orleans, Massachusetts","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs03294","usgsCitation":"DeSimone, L., and Weiskel, P., 1994, Transport of nitrogen-contaminated ground water through a coastal aquifer and marsh, Orleans, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 032-94, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs03294.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626b98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeSimone, L.A.","contributorId":79132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeSimone","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weiskel, P.K.","contributorId":36959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiskel","given":"P.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70729,"text":"fs06594 - 1994 - Technology transfer opportunities :partnerships : Aquatic contaminants in colloidal phases and humic complexes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:47","indexId":"fs06594","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"065-94","title":"Technology transfer opportunities :partnerships : Aquatic contaminants in colloidal phases and humic complexes","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs06594","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994, Technology transfer opportunities :partnerships : Aquatic contaminants in colloidal phases and humic complexes: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 065-94, NA, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs06594.","productDescription":"NA","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_065_94.jpg"},{"id":6710,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/tech-transfer/partnership-opportunities-now.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685a70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70730,"text":"fs06694 - 1994 - Technology transfer opportunities : partnerships : controlled-release fertilizers using zeolites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:45","indexId":"fs06694","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"066-94","title":"Technology transfer opportunities : partnerships : controlled-release fertilizers using zeolites","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs06694","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994, Technology transfer opportunities : partnerships : controlled-release fertilizers using zeolites: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 066-94, NA, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs06694.","productDescription":"NA","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_066_94.jpg"},{"id":6625,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/tech-transfer/factsheets/94-066b.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db6859b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":33234,"text":"b2099 - 1994 - A field-trip guide to Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho: Volcanic, hydrothermal, and glacial activity in the region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T19:32:04.129739","indexId":"b2099","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2099","title":"A field-trip guide to Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho: Volcanic, hydrothermal, and glacial activity in the region","docAbstract":"This field-trip guide was originally prepared for the 7th International Symposium on Water/Rock Interaction (WRI-7) held in July 1992 in Park City, Utah. A large and diversified group of earth scientists and accompanying family members participated in this 3 1/2-day field trip that focused on water/rock interactions over widely ranging temperatures and pressures in the Yellowstone/Grand Teton region. Emphasis was placed on the geochemical and hydrologic characteristics of the thermal waters in the major \"geyser basins\" of Yellowstone National Park. Information specific to the WRI-7 trip about logistics, lodging, and meals has been deleted from the present guide. The scientific content remains mostly unchanged, except for the addition of a glossary, two illustrations, all photographs, and some text previously presented to the field-trip participants in supplementary materials (see appendix A). Most of the geyser basins in Yellowstone National Park are on a high volcanic plateau at elevations of 2,000 to 2,200 m and are surrounded by much higher mountain ranges. In the middle of summer there generally are cool evenings and early mornings and warm afternoons. Visits to the localities described require short walks, mostly on boardwalks, but some are on what may be wet ground. No long, strenuous climbs are required. Expect brief afternoon thunder showers, particularly at Old Faithful. Please remember that the collecting of any kind of sample in a national park is prohibited except by those who have specific sampling permits issued by the National Park Service. Field-trip participants are asked to leave geologic picks and hammers at home or in their luggage while in Yellowstone National Park.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/b2099","usgsCitation":"Fournier, R.O., Christiansen, R., Hutchinson, R., and Pierce, K.L., 1994, A field-trip guide to Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho: Volcanic, hydrothermal, and glacial activity in the region: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2099, vii, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2099.","productDescription":"vii, 46 p.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410803,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22401.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":164081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2099/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95946,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2099/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.23248454100262,\n 45.04562704951678\n ],\n [\n -111.23248454100262,\n 44.07593993019711\n ],\n [\n -109.83128647238954,\n 44.07593993019711\n ],\n [\n -109.83128647238954,\n 45.04562704951678\n ],\n [\n -111.23248454100262,\n 45.04562704951678\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aec31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fournier, Robert O.","contributorId":73202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christiansen, R.L. 0000-0002-8017-3918","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8017-3918","contributorId":25565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutchinson, R. A.","contributorId":62218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pierce, K. L.","contributorId":12404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":33738,"text":"b2059D - 1994 - Contribution of artesian water to progressive failure of the upper part of the Delhi Pike landslide complex, Cincinnati, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:24","indexId":"b2059D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2059","chapter":"D","title":"Contribution of artesian water to progressive failure of the upper part of the Delhi Pike landslide complex, Cincinnati, Ohio","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/b2059D","usgsCitation":"Baum, R.L., 1994, Contribution of artesian water to progressive failure of the upper part of the Delhi Pike landslide complex, Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2059, iv, p. D1-D14, ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2059D.","productDescription":"iv, p. D1-D14, ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2059d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61607,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2059d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691999","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":211854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":34594,"text":"b2059C - 1994 - Rapid water-level fluctuations in a thin colluvium landslide west of Cincinnati, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:20","indexId":"b2059C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2059","chapter":"C","title":"Rapid water-level fluctuations in a thin colluvium landslide west of Cincinnati, Ohio","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/b2059C","usgsCitation":"Haneberg, W.C., and Gokce, A.O., 1994, Rapid water-level fluctuations in a thin colluvium landslide west of Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2059, iv, p. C1-C16, ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2059C.","productDescription":"iv, p. C1-C16, ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2059c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":62487,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2059c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649393","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haneberg, William C.","contributorId":57121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haneberg","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gokce, A. Onder","contributorId":81156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gokce","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Onder","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":41020,"text":"ofr9432 - 1994 - Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:04","indexId":"ofr9432","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-32","title":"Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1993","docAbstract":"The Floridan aquifer system consists of the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers separated by a middle confining unit. The potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer was mapped by determining the altitude of water levels in a network of wells and represented on a map by contours that connect points of equal altitude. This map represents water-level conditions near the end of the spring dry season when groundwater withdrawals for agricultural use were high. The cumulative rainfall for the study area was 4.84 inches above normal for the period from June 1992 to May 1993. Hydrographs of selected wells generally indicated that water levels in wells north of the Hillsborough/Pasco County line (northern area), where the aquifer generally is unconfined and groundwater withdrawals are relatively small, remained fairly uniform from year to year and season to season, whereas water levels south of the county line (southern area), where the aquifer is confined and withdrawals are relatively large, showed large year-to-year and seasonal fluctuations. Maximum daily water levels for selected wells from May 1992 through May 1993 showed that water levels were relatively stable during May 1993 in the northern part of the study area, but were declining rapidly in the southern part. Water levels in most wells measured in May 1993 were lower than those measured in September 1992. The greatest decline in water levels occurred in southern Hillsborough, central Manatee, and northern Sarasota Counties as a result of heavy seasonal groundwater withdrawals for irrigation. Water levels measured in May 1993 were generally higher than those reported for May 1992. The general increase in water levels during this period was largely the result of above-normal rainfall that resulted in below-average seasonal groundwater withdrawals from the aquifer.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr9432","usgsCitation":"Mularoni, R.A., 1994, Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan aquifer system, west-central Florida, May 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-32, 1 map :photocopy ;72 x 60 cm., on sheet 92 x 64 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9432.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;72 x 60 cm., on sheet 92 x 64 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":136721,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21525,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0032/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b3c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mularoni, R. A.","contributorId":76713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mularoni","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":54568,"text":"wdrHI931 - 1994 - Water resources data, Hawaii and other Pacific areas, water year 1993: Volume 1. Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T16:27:21.143176","indexId":"wdrHI931","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"HI-93-1","title":"Water resources data, Hawaii and other Pacific areas, water year 1993: Volume 1. Hawaii","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1993 water year for Hawaii and other Pacific Areas consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and springs; and water levels and quality of water in wells. This report, volume 1, contains discharge records for 88 gaging stations; water quality for 16 gaging stations, 19 partial-record flow stations, and 142 wells; and water levels for 63 observation wells. Also included are - 107 crest-stage partial record stations, 4 miscellaneous partial-record stations, 6 low-flow partial-record stations, and 45 rainfall stations. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by theU.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, Federal, and other agencies in Hawaii.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrHI931","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resource Management and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Matsuoka, I., Kunishige, V., and Lum, M., 1994, Water Resources Data, Hawaii and other Pacific Areas, Water Year 1993. Volume 1. Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report HI-93-1, 384 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrHI931.","productDescription":"xx, 384 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":501465,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/hi-93-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":180875,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/hi-93-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fba36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matsuoka, Iwao","contributorId":34966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsuoka","given":"Iwao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kunishige, V.E.","contributorId":44980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunishige","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lum, M.G.","contributorId":86040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":40868,"text":"ofr9434 - 1994 - Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T22:51:42.712753","indexId":"ofr9434","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-34","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May, 1993","docAbstract":"The intermediate aquifer system underlies a 5000-sq-mi area including De Soto, Sarasota, Hardee, Manatee, and parts of Charlotte, Hillsborough, Highlands, and Polk Counties, Florida. It is overlain by the surf@cial aquifer system and underlain by the Floridan aquifer system. The potentiometric surface of the intermediate aquifer system was mapped by determining the altitude of water levels in a network of wells and represented on a map by contours that connect points of equal altitude. This map represents water-level conditions near the end of the spring dry season when ground- water withdrawals for agricultural use were high. The cumulative rainfall for the study area was 4.84 inches above normal for the period from June 1992 to May 1993. Hydrographs for selected wells indicated that the annual and seasonal fluctuations of the water levels were generally large (greater than 15 feet) in the central interior region where water demand for irrigation is high during the fall and spring. Seasonal fluctuations were smaller in the northern recharge area where water use is predominantly for public supply. Water levels measured in May 1993 for the composite intermediate aquifer potentiometric surface were lower than those measured in May or September 1992. A cone of depression exists in the potentiometric surface for the composite aquifer system at Warm Mineral Springs, which is a natural discharge point from this system.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9434","usgsCitation":"Mularoni, R.A., 1994, Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-34, 1 Plate: 25.00 x 33.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9434.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 25.00 x 33.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":411102,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12445.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":21527,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0034/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83,\n 28.25\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 26.5\n ],\n [\n -81.25,\n 26.5\n ],\n [\n -81.25,\n 28.25\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 28.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db68226d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mularoni, R. A.","contributorId":76713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mularoni","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38343,"text":"pp1551E - 1994 - The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989 — Hydrologic disturbances","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":38343,"text":"pp1551E - 1994 - The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989 — Hydrologic disturbances","indexId":"pp1551E","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989 — Hydrologic disturbances"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":77047,"text":"pp1551 - 1992 - The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989: Strong ground motion and ground failure","indexId":"pp1551","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989: Strong ground motion and ground failure"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":77047,"text":"pp1551 - 1992 - The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989: Strong ground motion and ground failure","indexId":"pp1551","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989: Strong ground motion and ground failure"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-09T19:47:58.957446","indexId":"pp1551E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1551","chapter":"E","title":"The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989 — Hydrologic disturbances","docAbstract":"Seismic events have long been known to cause changes in the level of oceans, streams, lakes, and the water table. The great San Francisco earthquake of 1906 induced significant hydrologic changes that were qualitatively similar to those changes observed for the Loma Prieta earthquake. What is different is that the hydrologic data sets collected from the Loma Prieta event have enough detail to enable hypotheses on the causes for these changes to be tested. The papers in this chapter document changes in ocean level, stream morphology and flow, water table height, and ground-water flow rates in response to the earthquake. Although hydrologic disturbances may have occurred about 1 hour before the main shock, the papers in this chapter deal strictly with postevent hydrologic changes. The hydrologic responses reported here reflect changes that are not the result of surface rupture. They appear to be the result of landslides, the static displacements induced by the earthquake, and changes in the permeability of the near surface.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989: Strong ground motion and ground failure","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1551E","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Science Foundation","usgsCitation":"1994, The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989 — Hydrologic disturbances: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1551, iii, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1551E.","productDescription":"iii, 64 p.","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491955,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76953.htm","text":"Hydrologic changes associated with the earthquake in the San Lorenzo and Pescadero drainage basins","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":491954,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76952.htm","text":"Effects of the earthquake on surface waters in Waddell Valley [San Mateo County, California]","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":491953,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76951.htm","text":"Stream-channel adjustment in Fern Canyon near Watsonville, California, after the earthquake","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":3429,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1551/pp1551e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":402065,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76950.htm","text":"The origin of the tsunami excited by the earthquake -- faulting and slumping [Loma Prieta earthquake, central California coast]","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":124514,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1551_e.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.420654296875,\n 36.47872381162464\n ],\n [\n -121.73950195312499,\n 36.47872381162464\n ],\n [\n -121.73950195312499,\n 37.068327517596586\n ],\n [\n -122.420654296875,\n 37.068327517596586\n ],\n [\n -122.420654296875,\n 36.47872381162464\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e56da","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rojstaczer, Stuart A.","contributorId":79536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rojstaczer","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749491,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":41500,"text":"ofr93361 - 1994 - Potentiometric surfaces of the upper Floridan Aquifer, Valdosta area, Georgia June 3-4, 1991 and March 29 to April 2, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-04T15:14:43.920749","indexId":"ofr93361","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-361","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of the upper Floridan Aquifer, Valdosta area, Georgia June 3-4, 1991 and March 29 to April 2, 1993","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr93361","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with the the City of Valdosta, Georgia","usgsCitation":"Cressler, A.M., 1994, Potentiometric surfaces of the upper Floridan Aquifer, Valdosta area, Georgia June 3-4, 1991 and March 29 to April 2, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-361, 2 Plates: 21.50 x 27.64 inches and 21.66 x 27.57 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93361.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 21.50 x 27.64 inches and 21.66 x 27.57 inches","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":398559,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0361/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":398558,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0361/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":397576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0361/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Valdosta","otherGeospatial":"Upper Floridan Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.375,\n 30.75\n ],\n [\n -83.125,\n 30.75\n ],\n [\n -83.125,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -83.375,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -83.375,\n 30.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db6822ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cressler, Alan M. cressler@usgs.gov","contributorId":4332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cressler","given":"Alan","email":"cressler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":225139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":33121,"text":"b1926 - 1994 - Airborne remote sensing for geology and the environment; present and future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-07T10:48:41","indexId":"b1926","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1926","title":"Airborne remote sensing for geology and the environment; present and future","docAbstract":"In 1988, a group of leading experts from government, academia, and industry attended a workshop on airborne remote sensing sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and hosted by the Branch of Geophysics. The purpose of the workshop was to examine the scientific rationale for airborne remote sensing in support of government earth science in the next decade. This report has arranged the six resulting working-group reports under two main headings: (1) Geologic Remote Sensing, for the reports on geologic mapping, mineral resources, and fossil fuels and geothermal resources; and (2) Environmental Remote Sensing, for the reports on environmental geology, geologic hazards, and water resources. The intent of the workshop was to provide an evaluation of demonstrated capabilities, their direct extensions, and possible future applications, and this was the organizational format used for the geologic remote sensing reports. The working groups in environmental remote sensing chose to present their reports in a somewhat modified version of this format. A final section examines future advances and limitations in the field.
There is a large, complex, and often bewildering array of remote sensing data available. Early remote sensing studies were based on data collected from airborne platforms. Much of that technology was later extended to satellites. The original 80-m-resolution Landsat Multispectral Scanner System (MSS) has now been largely superseded by the 30-m-resolution Thematic Mapper (TM) system that has additional spectral channels. The French satellite SPOT provides higher spatial resolution for channels equivalent to MSS. Low-resolution (1 km) data are available from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's AVHRR system, which acquires reflectance and day and night thermal data daily. Several experimental satellites have acquired limited data, and there are extensive plans for future satellites including those of Japan (JERS), Europe (ESA), Canada (Radarsat), and the United States (EOS).
There are currently two national airborne remote sensing programs (photography, radar) with data archived at the USGS' EROS Data Center. Airborne broadband multispectral data (comparable to Landsat MSS and TM but involving several more channels) for limited geographic areas also are available for digital processing and analysis. Narrow-band imaging spectrometer data are available for some NASA experiment sites and can be acquired for other locations commercially.
Remote sensing data and derivative images, because of the uniform spatial coverage, availability at different resolutions, and digital format, are becoming important data sets for geographic information system (GIS) analyses. Examples range from overlaying digitized geologic maps on remote sensing images and draping these over topography, to maps of mineral distribution and inferred abundance.
A large variety of remote sensing data sets are available, with costs ranging from a few dollars per square mile for satellite digital data to a few hundred dollars per square mile for airborne imaging spectrometry. Computer processing and analysis costs routinely surpass these expenses because of the equipment and expertise necessary for information extraction and interpretation. Effective use requires both an understanding of the current methodology and an appreciation of the most cost-effective solution.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/b1926","usgsCitation":"1994, Airborne remote sensing for geology and the environment; present and future: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1926, xiii, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1926.","productDescription":"xiii, 43 p.","numberOfPages":"60","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":330815,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1926/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db688f78","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Watson, Ken","contributorId":90317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652814,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knepper, Daniel H. dknepper@usgs.gov","contributorId":1242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knepper","given":"Daniel","email":"dknepper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":652815,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":38454,"text":"pp1409H - 1994 - Ground-water flow and simulated effects of development in Stagecoach Valley, a small, partly drained basin in Lyon and Storey counties, western Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:02","indexId":"pp1409H","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1409","chapter":"H","title":"Ground-water flow and simulated effects of development in Stagecoach Valley, a small, partly drained basin in Lyon and Storey counties, western Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1409H","usgsCitation":"Harrill, J., and Preissler, A.M., 1994, Ground-water flow and simulated effects of development in Stagecoach Valley, a small, partly drained basin in Lyon and Storey counties, western Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1409, p. H1-H74, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1409H.","productDescription":"p. H1-H74","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1409h/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64947,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1409h/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cdc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrill, J. R.","contributorId":10417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrill","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Preissler, A. M.","contributorId":85230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preissler","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70186561,"text":"70186561 - 1994 - Sea otter foraging behavior and hydrocarbon levels in prey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T12:38:42","indexId":"70186561","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"11","title":"Sea otter foraging behavior and hydrocarbon levels in prey","docAbstract":"Following the Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS), Prudhoe Bay crude oil from the vessel spread on the sea surface and covered coastal shores from western Prince William Sound (PWS) to the Alaska Peninsula. In PWS alone. acute mortality of sca otters at the time of the spill was estimated to be greater than 2000 (Doroff et al. 1993; Garrott et al. 1993).
Shoreline oiling was observed on approximately 24% of the 1891 km of coastline surveyed within PWS (Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Damage Assessment Geoprocessing Group 1991). The effect of oil on the abundance of nearshore marine invertebrate populations is unclear, and the concentration and persistence of hydrocarbons present in tissues of most of these invertebrate species still remains unknown. What is known is that marine bivalves can accumulate petroleum hydrocarbons from both chronic and acute sources (Blumer et al. 1970; Ehrhardt 1972; Boehun and Quinn 1977). Potential long-term chronic effects of oiled intertidal and subtidal prey on the sea otter population are of concern.
Sea otters prey on a wide variety of benthic marine invertebrates (Riedman and Estes 1990) and forage in shallow coastal waters (Wild and Arnes 1974), which vary widely in exposure to the open ocean, substrate type, and community composition. Sea otters have high metabolic demands relative to other marine mammals and can consume 20-25% of their body weight per day in invertebrate prey (Kenyon 1969: Costa and Kooyman 1984). Sca otters have occupied southwestern PWS since at least the early 1950s (Lensink 1962; Garshelis et al. 1986). The sea otter population in the PWS spill region was likely near equilibrium density and limited by prey availability before the oil spill (xcurrel (Estes et al. 1981; Garshelis et al. 1986; Johnson 1987). Sea otters in this region spent 59% of the daylight hours foraging, while otters in recently reoccupied habitats of eastern PWS spent only 27%. (Garshelis et al. 1986). Therefore, small differences in abundance of prey or net caloric availability due to heavy oiling in portions of southwestern PWS may have led to reduced carrying capacity and delayed recovery for the sea otter population in this region.
Recovery of the PWS sea otter population may be influenced by several factors. Decreased food availability caused by oil-related prey mortality or consumption of contaminated prey may be detrimental. Prey availability in western PWS may have declined due to increased mortality of invertebrates at the time of shoreline oiling. of by oil-removal activities. In addition. relative prey availability may have been decreased by sea otters avoiding invertebrate prey contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. However, we lack the baseline data on abundance and distribution of near shore invertebrates necessary to estimate a reduction in prey availability. In addition. the effects of ingesting prey contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons on sea otters are unknown.
Our objectives were to determine if sea otter foraging success and prey composition differed between oiled and nonoiled areas and to assess hydrocarbon levels in sea otter prey between oiled and nonoiled areas.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine mammals and the Exxon Valdez","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"San Diego, CA","isbn":"9781483288819","usgsCitation":"Doroff, A.M., and Bodkin, J.L., 1994, Sea otter foraging behavior and hydrocarbon levels in prey, chap. 11 of Marine mammals and the Exxon Valdez, p. 193-207.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"207","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339225,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.elsevier.com/books/marine-mammals-and-the-exxon-valdez/loughlin/978-0-12-456160-1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e60278e4b09da6799ac6b1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Loughlin, Thomas R.","contributorId":18885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loughlin","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689584,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Doroff, Angela M.","contributorId":140660,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doroff","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":689582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":689583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44723,"text":"wri944048 - 1994 - Potentiometric-surface map of the Sparta aquifer in Mississippi, October through December 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-21T11:24:48","indexId":"wri944048","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4048","title":"Potentiometric-surface map of the Sparta aquifer in Mississippi, October through December 1989","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri944048","usgsCitation":"Oakley, W.T., and Burt, D.E., 1994, Potentiometric-surface map of the Sparta aquifer in Mississippi, October through December 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4048, 1 Plate: 37.87 x 36.93 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944048.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 37.87 x 36.93 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366788,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4048/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":162872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4048/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db681e62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oakley, William T.","contributorId":70815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oakley","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burt, David E. Jr.","contributorId":31443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burt","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44781,"text":"wri924142 - 1994 - Hydrogeologic Atlas of Aquifers in Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T15:11:39","indexId":"wri924142","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4142","title":"Hydrogeologic Atlas of Aquifers in Indiana","docAbstract":"Aquifers in 12 water-management basins of Indiana are identified in a series of 104 hydrogeologic sections and 12 maps that show the thickness and configuration of aquifers. The vertical distribution of water-bearing units and a generalized potentiometric profile are shown along 3,500 miles of section lines that were constructed from drillers' logs of more than 4,200 wells. The horizontal scale of the sections is 1:125,000. Maps of aquifers showing the areal distribution of each aquifer type were drawn at a scale of 1:500,000. Unconsolidated aquifers are the most widely used aquifers in Indiana and include surficial, buried, and discontinuous layers of sand and gravel. Most of the surficial sand and gravel is in large outwash plains in northern Indiana and along the major rivers. Buried sand and gravel aquifers are interbedded with till deposits in much of the northern two-thirds of Indiana. Discontinuous sand and gravel deposits are present as isolated lenses, primarily in glaciated areas. The bedrock aquifers generally have lower yields than most of the sand and gravel aquifers; however, bedrock aquifers are areally widespread and are an important source of water. Bedrock aquifer types consist of carbonates; sandstones; complexly interbedded sandstones, siltstones, shales, limestones, and coals; and an upper weathered zone in low permeability rock. Carbonate aquifers underlie about one-half of Indiana and are the most productive of the bedrock aquifers. The other principal bedrock aquifer type, sandstone, underlies large areas in the southwestern one-fifth of Indiana. No aquifer is known to be present in the southeastern corner of Indiana.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri924142","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Indiana Department of Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Fenelon, J.M., Bobay, K., Greeman, T., Hoover, M., Cohen, D., Fowler, K.K., Woodfield, M., and and Durbin, J.M., 1994, Hydrogeologic Atlas of Aquifers in Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4142, viii, 197 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 x 43 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924142.","productDescription":"viii, 197 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 x 43 cm.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":82112,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4142/wri19924142.pdf ","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 1992-4142"},{"id":123529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4142/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Blvd.
Indianapolis, IN 46278
In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Department of the Interior, began a National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. The long-term goals of the NAWQA program are to describe the status and trends of the quality of a large, representative part of the Nation’s surfaceand ground-water resources, and to identify the natural and human factors that affect the quality of these resources. Factors such as geomorphology, climate, hydrology, land use, and land cover that affect water-quality, are being studied relative to specific water-quality issues that affect large hydrologic regions of the United States. In addressing these goals, the NAWQA program will produce water-quality information that will be useful to policy makers and managers at the National, State, and local levels.
\nBecause it would be impractical to assess the water quality in the entire Nation, major activities of the NAWQA program take place within a set of hydrologic systems called study units. Study units at 60 locations comprise diverse hydrologic systems of river basins, aquifer systems, or both, ranging in size from 1,000 mi2 (square miles) to more than 60,000 mi2 . These study units collectively encompass about 45 percent of the land area in the conterminous United States and represent 60 to 70 percent of the Nation’s water use and population served by public water supply.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr94101","usgsCitation":"Stark, J., 1994, National Water-Quality Assessment Program - The Upper Mississippi River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-101, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94101.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12259,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/94_101.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":168248,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0101/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": 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R.","contributorId":100406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stark","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44360,"text":"ofr9414A - 1994 - Principal facts for gravity data in the Bethel and Russian Mission 1 degree x 3 degrees quadrangles, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-15T16:57:52.224709","indexId":"ofr9414A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-14","chapter":"A","title":"Principal facts for gravity data in the Bethel and Russian Mission 1 degree x 3 degrees quadrangles, Alaska","docAbstract":"Bethel and Russian Mission 1° x 3° quadrangles are located in southwestern Alaska near the mouth of the Kuskokwim River. The Russian Mission quadrangle now has about 266 gravity stations and the Bethel quadrangle has about 485 gravity stations.
Riverboat traverses along the Yukon River in the northern part of the Russian Mission quadrangle in 1967 were used to collect the first U.S. Geological Survey (TJSGS) gravity stations in the area of these quadrangles. A float-plane flight through the southeast corner of the Russian Mission quadrangle during the same time period added four stations. In 1969 a float-plane flight added one station to the east central Bethel quadrangle. In 1973 sciff work along the Kuskokwim and some of its sloughs and tributaries was utilized to add many gravity stations to the central part of the Russian Mission quadrangle and some gravity stations near the northern edge of the Bethel quadrangle. Float-plane work that year added about 35 gravity stations throughout the eastern two thirds of the Russian Mission quadrangle. Boat work on the Tikchic Lakes was utilized to establish six gravity stations to the southeast corner of the Bethel quadrangle in 1973. The Alaska Mineral Resource Appraisal Program (AMRAP) of the TJSGS for the Goodnews quadrangle, south of the Bethel quadrangle included the southern 15 minutes of the Bethel quadrangle. About 14 gravity stations were collected in this area during 1975 and 1976 with the use of a helicopter. Several float-plane flights in 1976 added six stations to the Bethel quadrangle. Ski-plane flights added 14 stations in the southwestern corner of the Bethel quadrangle and 12 stations in the southern corner of the Russian Mission quadrangle and the northwestern corner of the Bethel quadrangle in 1977. A total of 16 gravity stations were collected in the eastern Bethel and Russian Mission quadrangles in 1982. About 400 gravity stations were collected as part of the Bethel AMRAP program in the Bethel and Russian Mission quadrangles during 1987, 1988, and 1989. Most of these data were collected with a helicopter, but some were collected by using watercraft
","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/ofr9414A","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Morin, R.L., 1994, Principal facts for gravity data in the Bethel and Russian Mission 1 degree x 3 degrees quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-14, Report: ii, 6 p.; 1 CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9414A.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 6 p.; 1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":81660,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0014a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":168048,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0014a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":277702,"rank":2,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0014a/application.zip"},{"id":432788,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0014-a/ofr9414A,B.zip","text":"CD-ROM ofr91414A,B","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -129.7635812346696,\n 72.81739131372794\n ],\n [\n -181.46886449635872,\n 72.81739131372794\n ],\n [\n -181.46886449635872,\n 51.45431066869793\n ],\n [\n -129.7635812346696,\n 51.45431066869793\n ],\n [\n -129.7635812346696,\n 72.81739131372794\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668cf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morin, Robert L.","contributorId":82671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44362,"text":"ofr9480 - 1994 - Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, September, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-26T18:10:59.055003","indexId":"ofr9480","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-80","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, September, 1993","docAbstract":"A map of the September 1993 potentiometric surface of the intermediate aquifer system in west- central Florida depicts water levels for the annual high water-level period. Water levels measured in September 1993 were generally below those reported for September 1992. In 134 wells with paired measurements, the September 1993 level ranged from 4.86 feet below to 5.91 feet above the September 1992 level and averaged 0.59 foot below the September 1992 level. 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A.","contributorId":76713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mularoni","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44725,"text":"wri944050 - 1994 - Potentiometric-surface map of the Meridian-upper Wilcox aquifer in Mississippi, October through December 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-21T11:23:05","indexId":"wri944050","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4050","title":"Potentiometric-surface map of the Meridian-upper Wilcox aquifer in Mississippi, October through December 1988","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri944050","usgsCitation":"Oakley, W.T., and Burt, D.E., 1994, Potentiometric-surface map of the Meridian-upper Wilcox aquifer in Mississippi, October through December 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4050, 1 Plate: 37.95 x 36.94 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944050.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 37.95 x 36.94 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366787,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4050/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4050/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db681f3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oakley, William T.","contributorId":70815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oakley","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burt, David E. Jr.","contributorId":31443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burt","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}