{"pageNumber":"1672","pageRowStart":"41775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":27537,"text":"wri934196 - 1994 - Simulation of ground-water flow and potential land subsidence, upper Santa Cruz Basin, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri934196","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4196","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow and potential land subsidence, upper Santa Cruz Basin, Arizona","docAbstract":"A numerical ground-water flow model of the upper Santa Cruz basin in Pinal, Pima, and Santa Cruz Counties was developed to evaluate predevelopment conditions in 1940, ground-water withdrawals for 1940-86, and potential water-level declines and land subsidence for 1987-2024. Simulations of steady-state ground-water conditions indicate 12,900 acre-feet of ground-water inflow, 15,260 acre-feet of outflow, 53,000 acre-feet of pre- development pumpage, 29,840 acre-feet of mountain- front recharge, and 34,020 acre-feet of streamflow infiltration in 1940. Simulations of transient ground-water conditions indicate a total of 6.6 million acre-feet of net pumpage and 3.4 million acre-feet of water removed from aquifer storage for 1941-86. A difference of 1.2 million acre-feet between estimated and net pumpage is attributed to increased recharge from irrigation return flow, mine return flow, and infiltration of sewage effluent. Estimated natural recharge represents 40 percent of pumpage for 1966-86 and averaged 63,860 acre-feet per year for 1940-57 and 76,250 acre-feet per year for 1958-86. The increase in recharge after 1958 was coincident with above- average winter streamflow in the Santa Cruz River for 1959-86. Increased recharge after 1958 and decreased pumpage after 1975 contributed to decreased water-level declines or to recoveries after 1977 in wells near the Santa Cruz River and its tributaries. The results of projection simu- lations indicate that a maximum potential subsi- dence for 1987-2024 ranges from 1.2 feet for an inelastic specific storage of .0001 ft to 12 feet for an inelastic specific storage of .0015 ft. The simulations were made on the basis of pumpage and recharge rates from 1986 and by using a preconso- lidation-stress threshold of 100 feet. A permanent reduction in acquitard storage can range from 1 to 12 percent of the potential loss of 3.9 million acre-feet in aquifer-system storage for 1987-2024.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section, [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934196","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., and Benedict, J., 1994, Simulation of ground-water flow and potential land subsidence, upper Santa Cruz Basin, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4196, v, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. [PGS  - 52 p.], https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934196.","productDescription":"v, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. [PGS  - 52 p.]","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4196/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56396,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4196/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db545fa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, R. T.","contributorId":91148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benedict, J.F.","contributorId":66688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benedict","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20348,"text":"ofr9455 - 1994 - Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in surface water and ground water at selected sites on or near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:45","indexId":"ofr9455","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-55","title":"Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in surface water and ground water at selected sites on or near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"Relative stable isotopic ratios for hydrogen and oxygen compared to standard mean ocean water are presented for water from 4 surface-water sites and 38 ground-water sites on or near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). The surface-water samples were collected monthly from March 1991 through April 1992 and after a storm event on June 18, 1992. The ground-water samples either were collected during 1991 or 1992. These data were collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's continuing hydrogeological investigations at the INEL. The relative isotopic ratios of hydrogen and oxygen are reported as delta H-2 and as delta 0-18, respectively. The values in water from the four surface-water sites ranged from -143.0 to -122 and from -18.75 to -15.55, respec- tively. The values in water from the 38 ground- water sites ranged from -141.0 to -120.0 and from -18.55 to -14.95, respectively.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr9455","usgsCitation":"Ott, D., Cecil, L., and Knobel, L., 1994, Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in surface water and ground water at selected sites on or near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-55, iv, 14 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9455.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0055/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49880,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0055/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6863c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ott, D.S.","contributorId":86366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ott","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cecil, L.D.","contributorId":62616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knobel, L.L.","contributorId":83115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knobel","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27534,"text":"wri944011 - 1994 - Hydrogeologic framework and preliminary simulation of ground-water flow in the Mimbres Basin, southwestern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-05T22:46:01.698594","indexId":"wri944011","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4011","title":"Hydrogeologic framework and preliminary simulation of ground-water flow in the Mimbres Basin, southwestern New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>The bolson-fill aquifer, the major water-yielding unit in the Mimbres Basin, southwestern New Mexico, ranges in thickness from 0 to about 3,700 feet. Recharge to the bolson-fill aquifer occurs by infiltration of ephemeral streams that cross the basin margin, infiltration from precipitation and streamflow, ground-water underflow from adjacent basins, and infiltration of springflow from adjacent bedrock units within the basin. Ground water generally flows southward from the northern highland areas of the basin. Ground-water discharge consists of pumpage from wells, transpiration by plants, outflow to playas and springs in the Los Muertos Basin in Mexico, discharge to the Mimbres River, and ground-water flow to the Mesilla Basin near Mason Draw. Before 1910, ground-water recharge and discharge were approximately equal; by 1975, however, about 75 percent of the 146,000 acre-feet withdrawn annually was ground water, most of it from aquifer storage. </p><p>The transmissivity of the bolson-fill aquifer determined from aquifer tests and specific-capacity data ranges from 10 to 50,000 feet squared per day. Hydraulic conductivity, calculated from saturated thickness and transmissivity, ranges from 0.03 to 800 feet per day, with median values of about 18 feet per day in the Deming area and 6 feet per day elsewhere. Reported storage-coefficient values representing confined parts of the aquifer range from 0.00036 to 0.0036, and those representing unconfined parts of the aquifer range from 0.02 to 0.24. </p><p>Water quality in the north and central parts of the Mimbres Basin is suitable for most uses. Due to its large salinity and alkalinity, some of the ground water in the south and southeastern areas of the bolson-fill aquifer may not be suitable for irrigation or domestic use. </p><p>A preliminary two-dimensional digital model was constructed to evaluate ground-water flow in the bolson-fill aquifer. The model was divided into zones of uniform hydraulic conductivity corresponding to the major structural elements of the basin. For simulation purposes, hydraulic conductivity in the central part of the basin ranged from 2.2 to 4.4 feet per day, whereas locally along the edges of the aquifer less certain values ranged from 0.003 to 62 feet per day Analysis of the results of this predevelopment model indicated that use of the mountain-front recharge method overestimates total recharge and that evapotranspiration is substantial. The simulated total inflow was about 55 percent of that estimated in a water budget for the Mimbres Basin.</p><p>Ground-water development between 1930 and 1985 was simulated using storage-coefficient values of 0.01 and 0.02 for the Gila Conglomerate, 0.04 to 0.17 for bolson-fill deposits, and 0.001 for bolson fill capped with lacustrine clay. The simulated transient water budget indicated that most of the water pumped by 1985 came from storage, and lesser but substantial amounts came from reductions in evapotranspiration.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944011","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Mexico State Engineer Office","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., McLean, J., and Miller, R.S., 1994, Hydrogeologic framework and preliminary simulation of ground-water flow in the Mimbres Basin, southwestern New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4011, Report: viii, 118 p.; 2 Plates: 25.71 x 41.06 inches and 24.73 x 32.84 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944011.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 118 p.; 2 Plates: 25.71 x 41.06 inches and 24.73 x 32.84 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393947,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47924.htm"},{"id":56393,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4011/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4011/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":351629,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4011/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":351628,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4011/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"datum":"National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929","country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Mimbres Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.5,\n              31.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -107,\n              31.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -107,\n              33.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.5,\n              33.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.5,\n              31.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627b59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, R. T.","contributorId":91148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McLean, J. S.","contributorId":48589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLean","given":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Ryan S.","contributorId":49005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27986,"text":"wri934187 - 1994 - Geohydrology and ground-water quality in the vicinity of a ground-water-contamination site in Rockford, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-10T20:38:27.710172","indexId":"wri934187","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4187","title":"Geohydrology and ground-water quality in the vicinity of a ground-water-contamination site in Rockford, Illinois","docAbstract":"<p>A geohydrologic investigation was performed by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, to determine the distribution of volatile organic compounds in a fractured-rock aquifer near the Southeast Rockford Groundwater Contamination Site in Rockford, Ill. The geologic units of concern are the St. Peter Sandstone and Glenwood Formation; the dolomites of the Platteville and Galena Groups of Ordovician age; and the sands, gravels, silts, and clays of Quaternary age. The hydraulic units of concern are the unconsolidated aquifer, composed of sand and gravel; the fractured- dolomite aquifer, composed of the Galena and Platteville Groups and the dolomitic sections of the Glenwood Formation; and the sandstone aquifer, composed of the St. Peter Sandstone and the sandstone beds in the Glenwood Formation. The dolomite aquifer is well connected hydraulically to the overlying unconsolidated aquifer and the underlying sandstone aquifer. Caliper and acoustic-televiewer logs show several subhorizontal fractures in the dolomite that can be correlated throughout the study area. Comparison of televiewer and flowmeter logs indicates that most of the flow in the dolomite aquifer is through these fractures. Ground-water flow through two of the fractures can be correlated over large parts of the study area. Volatile organic compounds, in concentrations exceeding 2,000 micrograms per liter, were detected within the entire thickness of the dolomite aquifer where flow is measurable. Volatile organic compounds were detected in an area of the aquifer where they were thought to be absent in previous investigations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri934187","usgsCitation":"Kay, R., Prinos, S., and Paillet, F.L., 1994, Geohydrology and ground-water quality in the vicinity of a ground-water-contamination site in Rockford, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4187, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934187.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415538,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47881.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123861,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4187/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56809,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4187/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Rockford","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.1,\n              42.2417\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.1,\n              42.225\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              42.225\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              42.2417\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.1,\n              42.2417\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6360fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kay, R.T.","contributorId":72026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kay","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prinos, S. T.","contributorId":97537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prinos","given":"S. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27519,"text":"wri934115 - 1994 - Yields of bedrock wells in Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:39","indexId":"wri934115","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4115","title":"Yields of bedrock wells in Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Six to seven percent of the population of Massachusetts obtains its water from domestic bedrock wells. Additional public, commercial, industrial, and domestic supplies from bedrock will be needed in the future. Information about the factors that are related to large well yields is needed. The factors associated with well yields were identified by use of statistical analysis of reported data from 4,218 bedrock wells.  The median reported yield of all bedrock wells was 7 gallons per minute, and the median depth was 170 feet. Wells in valleys and lowlands had the largest median yield--I0 gallons per minute. The median well yield on hilltops and slopes was 6 gallons per minute. In valleys and lowlands, significant increases in well yields corresponded to increasing thickness of overburden. On hilltops and slopes, only small increases in well yield corresponded to increases in overburden thickness. Increases in well diameter corresponded to significant increases in well yields for all well locations, depths, and use categories.  The common assumptions that fractured crystalline rocks generally yield only small quantities of water to wells and that the fractures that yield water to wells pinch out or are closed because of lithostatic pressure at depths greater than 300 to 400 feet may be in error. Analysis of well data indicates that the median yield of all bedrock wells decreased as well depth increased to 400 feet and increased slightly with well depths greater than 600 feet. The median yield of bedrock wells located in valleys and lowlands reached 50 gallons per minute at depths of 600 to 700 feet. The median yield of wells located on hilltops and slopes reached 15 gallons per minute at depths of 600 to 700 feet.  Carbonate bedrock, with a median well yield of 25 gallons per minute, seemed to be the most productive bedrock type. A reported yield of 1,700 gallons per minute from an industrial well completed in carbonate bedrock is the largest reported yield from a bedrock well in Massachusetts. Yield of wells in sedimentary rocks of the Connecticut Valley increased significantly at depths greater than 400 feet, indicating that this bedrock type may have some primary permeability. Commercial or industrial wells had a median yield of 30 gallons per minute. These wells appear to be preferentially sited, large in diameter, and deeper than average to maximize potential well yields.  The median reported bedrock well yield and depth have changed over time. The median yield of about 20 gallons per minute for 1920-40 decreased to 6 gallons per minute for 1970-80. Well depth increased from 128 feet for 1950- 60 to 250 feet for 1980-90. The period during which well depths began to increase coincides with a change in bedrock-well drilling methods from cable tool to air rotary with percussion.  Four methods of testing the yield of domestic bedrock wells were evaluated: air injection, evacuation and recovery, constant-discharge, and instantaneous discharge or recharge. A constant-discharge test best satisfied the criteria established to evaluate the testing methods.  Further data collection and evaluation are needed for the systematic characterization and appraisal of the bedrock aquifers of Massachusetts. Specific elements include (1) improved and expanded collection and storage of well data, (2) detailed hydrogeologic evaluations of apparent high yield bedrock areas, (3) an evaluation of the relation between the vertical distribution of hydraulic properties measured during well drilling to actual hydraulic properties, (4) an evaluation of the effect of well diameter on well yield, and (5) areal evaluations to characterize the quality of water in bedrock.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934115","usgsCitation":"Hansen, B.P., and Simcox, A., 1994, Yields of bedrock wells in Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4115, v, 43 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934115.","productDescription":"v, 43 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123859,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4115/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56378,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4115/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4783e4b07f02db483604","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, B. P.","contributorId":45332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simcox, A.C.","contributorId":46134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simcox","given":"A.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70135340,"text":"70135340 - 1994 - Acoustic mapping as an environmental management tool: I. detection of barrels of low-level radioactive waste, Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-16T08:59:56","indexId":"70135340","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2926,"text":"Ocean and Coastal Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acoustic mapping as an environmental management tool: I. detection of barrels of low-level radioactive waste, Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, California","docAbstract":"<p>The oceans have been and will continue to be disposal sites for a wide variety of waste products. Often these wastes are not dumped at the designated sites or transport occurs during or after dumping, and, subsequent attempts to monitor the effects the waste products have on the environment are inadequate because the actual location of the waste is not known. Acoustic mapping of the seafloor with sidescan sonar is a very effective technique for locating and monitoring dredge-spoil material and other debris. Sidescan sonar provides an acoustic image or sonograph of the sea floor that is similar to a satellite image of the Earth's land surface. In effect sidescan sonar allows the water column to be stripped from the sea floor, thereby providing a clear, unobstructed view of the sea bed.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>An example of the potential of this technique is summarized herein for the Gulf of the Farallones region. More than 47 800 drums (55 gallon) and other containers of low-level radioactive waste were dumped on the continental margin offshore the San Francisco Bay between 1946 and 1970. These drums now litter a large area (1200 km<sup>2</sup>) of the sea floor within the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary (GFNMS). The exact location of the drums and the potential hazard the drums pose to the environment are unknown. To evaluate the risk, samples of the sediment, biota and water must be collected near and distant from the concentrations of barrels. To do this the exact location of the barrels must be known prior to sampling. The USGS, through a cooperative research agreement with GFNMS, used sidescan sonar to map two areas within the sanctuary. Total sea-floor coverage was obtained and computer-processed sonographic mosaics were constructed on board ship. Many small nongeologic targets were distributed throughout the survey areas that covered about 70 km<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;on the shelf and 120 km<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;on the slope. Analysis of the sidescan data suggests that the targets are 55-gallon drums. This interpretation was confirmed at one site with an underwater video and 35-mm camera system. Data were collected with both a 30-kHz and a 120-kHz sidescan system within a 15-km<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;area on the shelf. We found that the barrels were more easily detected with the mid-range 30-kHz system than with the higher resolution 120-kHz system. Maps of barrel distribution derived from the sonographs are being used to design sampling schemes to evaluate the risk that the radioactivity may have on the biota and environment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0964-5691(94)90032-9","usgsCitation":"Karl, H., Schwab, W.C., Wright, A.S., Drake, D.E., Chin, J., Danforth, W.W., and Ueber, E., 1994, Acoustic mapping as an environmental management tool: I. detection of barrels of low-level radioactive waste, Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, California: Ocean and Coastal Management, v. 22, no. 3, p. 201-227, https://doi.org/10.1016/0964-5691(94)90032-9.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"227","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296640,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of the Farallones","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.904052734375,\n              38.039438891821746\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.32702636718749,\n              37.883524980871336\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.958984375,\n              37.38325280195101\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.40966796874999,\n              37.60117623656667\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.607421875,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.904052734375,\n              38.039438891821746\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"548c1fc4e4b0ca8c43c36954","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":55796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwab, William C. 0000-0001-9274-5154 bschwab@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-5154","contributorId":417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"William","email":"bschwab@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, A. St. C.","contributorId":71784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"St. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drake, David E.","contributorId":74752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chin, John L.","contributorId":98291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chin","given":"John L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Danforth, William W. 0000-0002-6382-9487 bdanforth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6382-9487","contributorId":3292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"William","email":"bdanforth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ueber, Edward","contributorId":102925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ueber","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6637,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":527073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":27761,"text":"wri934023 - 1994 - Estimation of water withdrawal and distribution, water use, and wastewater collection and return flow in Cumberland, Rhode Island, 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:26","indexId":"wri934023","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4023","title":"Estimation of water withdrawal and distribution, water use, and wastewater collection and return flow in Cumberland, Rhode Island, 1988","docAbstract":"Water-use data collected in Rhode Island by different State agencies or maintained by different public suppliers and wastewater- treatment facilities need to be integrated if these data are to be used in making water- resource management decisions.  Water-use data for the town of Cumberland, a small area in northeastern Rhode Island, were compiled and integrated to provide an example of how the procedure could be applied.  Integration and reliability assessment of water-use data could be facilitated if public suppliers, wastewater- treatment facilities, and State agencies used a number of standardized procedures for data collection and computer storage.  The total surface water and ground water withdrawn in the town of Cumberland during 1988 is estimated to be 15.39 million gallons per day, of which 11.20 million gallons per day was exported to other towns.  Water use in Cumberland included 2.51 million gallons per day for domestic use, 0.68 million gallons per day for industrial use, 0.27 million gallons per day for commercial use, and 0.73 million gallons per day for other use, most of which were unmetered use.  Disposal of waste- water in Cumberland included 2.03 million gallons per day returned to the hydrologic system and 1.73 million gallons per day exported from Cumberland for wastewater treatment.  Consumptive use during 1988 is estimated to be 0.43 million gallons per day.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S., Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934023","usgsCitation":"Horn, M., Craft, P.A., and Bratton, L., 1994, Estimation of water withdrawal and distribution, water use, and wastewater collection and return flow in Cumberland, Rhode Island, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4023, v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934023.","productDescription":"v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4023/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56609,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4023/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb1cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horn, M.A.","contributorId":92223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horn","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Craft, P. A.","contributorId":102105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craft","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bratton, Lisa lbratton@usgs.gov","contributorId":362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"Lisa","email":"lbratton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":198652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70135349,"text":"70135349 - 1994 - Antifouling leaching technique for optical lenses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-16T09:35:39","indexId":"70135349","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Antifouling leaching technique for optical lenses","docAbstract":"<p><span>The effectiveness of optical lenses deployed in water less than 100 m deep is significantly reduced by biofouling caused by the settlement of macrofauna, such as barnacles, hydroids, and tunicates. However, machineable porous plastic rings can be used to dispense antifoulant into the water in front of the lens to retard macrofaunal growth without obstructing the light path. Unlike coatings which can degrade the optical performance, antifouling rings do not interfere with the instrument optics. The authors have designed plastic, reusable cup-like antifouling rings to slip over the optical lenses of a transmissometer. These rings have been used for several deployments on shallow moorings in Massachusetts Bay, MA and have increased the time before fouling degrades optical characteristics</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"OCEANS '94: 'Oceans Engineering for Today's Technology and Tomorrow's Preservation,' Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"Oceans '94: Oceans Engineering for Today's Technology and Tomorrow's Preservation","conferenceDate":"September 13-16, 1994","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1994.364133","usgsCitation":"Strahle, W.J., Perez, C.L., and Martini, M.A., 1994, Antifouling leaching technique for optical lenses, <i>in</i> OCEANS '94: 'Oceans Engineering for Today's Technology and Tomorrow's Preservation,' Proceedings, v. 2, September 13-16, 1994, p. 710-715, https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1994.364133.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"710","endPage":"715","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"548c1fc6e4b0ca8c43c36957","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strahle, William J.","contributorId":55962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strahle","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perez, C. L.","contributorId":127845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perez","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martini, Marinna A. 0000-0002-7757-5158 mmartini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7757-5158","contributorId":2456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martini","given":"Marinna","email":"mmartini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28203,"text":"wri924191 - 1994 - Stream velocities and reaeration coefficients for the South Umpqua River between Tiller and Roseburg, Oregon, 1991","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-14T18:28:54.376155","indexId":"wri924191","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4191","title":"Stream velocities and reaeration coefficients for the South Umpqua River between Tiller and Roseburg, Oregon, 1991","docAbstract":"Dye-tracer and gas-tracer studies were done in July and September 1991 during low flows on four reaches of the South Umpqua River between Tiller and Roseburg, Oregon. For a stream flow of 435 cubic feet per second at the Brockway streamflow monitoring site (14312000), the average stream velocity between Tiller and Myrtle Creek is estimated at 0.88 feet per second, and between Myrtle Creek and Roseburg is estimated at 0.64 feet per second. For a streamflow of 129 cubic feet per second at the Brockway site, the average stream velocity between Tiller and Myrtle Creek is estimated at 0.34 feet per second, and between Myrtle Creek and Roseburg is estimated at 0.23 feet per second. For a streamflow of 129 cubic feet per second at the Brockway site, the reaeration coefficients determined from gas-desorption data collected in the selected reaches for this study ranged from 1.03 to 8.35 per day. The reaeration coefficients determined for this study were approximately two times larger than values derived using a semiempirical formula and at least five times larger than the values derived using a conceptual formula. Average stream-reach velocity, depth, and slope data that were used to compute reaeration coefficients were collected during this study. Reaeration coefficient formulas developed for the South Umpqua River between Tiller and Roseburg are presented in this report.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri924191","usgsCitation":"Laenen, A., and Woo, W.H., 1994, Stream velocities and reaeration coefficients for the South Umpqua River between Tiller and Roseburg, Oregon, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4191, v, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924191.","productDescription":"v, 26 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57041,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4191/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":390525,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47732.htm"},{"id":159570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4191/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Roseberg, Tiller","otherGeospatial":"Umpqua River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.6667,\n              42.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              42.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              43.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.6667,\n              43.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.6667,\n              42.8\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a50f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laenen, Antonius","contributorId":107673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laenen","given":"Antonius","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woo, W. H.","contributorId":75974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woo","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5319,"text":"fs03295 - 1994 - United States Geological Survey, programs in New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:32","indexId":"fs03295","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"032-95","title":"United States Geological Survey, programs in New York","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs03295","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994, United States Geological Survey, programs in New York: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 032-95, [4] p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. ill., map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs03295.","productDescription":"[4] p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. ill., map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":329,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/wid/html/ny.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":121404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0032/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32018,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0032/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60f037","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":54568,"text":"wdrHI931 - 1994 - Water resources data, Hawaii and other Pacific areas, water year 1993: Volume 1. Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T16:27:21.143176","indexId":"wdrHI931","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"HI-93-1","title":"Water resources data, Hawaii and other Pacific areas, water year 1993: Volume 1. Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1993 water year for Hawaii and other Pacific Areas consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and springs; and water levels and quality of water in wells. This report, volume 1, contains discharge records for 88 gaging stations; water quality for 16 gaging stations, 19 partial-record flow stations, and 142 wells; and water levels for 63 observation wells. Also included are - 107 crest-stage partial record stations, 4 miscellaneous partial-record stations, 6 low-flow partial-record stations, and 45 rainfall stations. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by theU.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, Federal, and other agencies in Hawaii.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrHI931","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resource Management and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Matsuoka, I., Kunishige, V., and Lum, M., 1994, Water Resources Data, Hawaii and other Pacific Areas, Water Year 1993. Volume 1. 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 \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fba36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matsuoka, Iwao","contributorId":34966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsuoka","given":"Iwao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kunishige, V.E.","contributorId":44980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunishige","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lum, M.G.","contributorId":86040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":25099,"text":"fs05294 - 1994 - Land use and land cover digital data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-03T08:52:55","indexId":"fs05294","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"052-94","title":"Land use and land cover digital data","docAbstract":"<p>Computer tapes derived from land use and land cover (LULC) data and associated maps at scales of 1 :250,000 and 1: 100,000 are available from the U.S. Geological Survey.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>This data can be used alone or combined with a base map or other supplemental data for a variety of applications, using commercially available software. You can produce area summary statistics, select specific portions of a map to study or display single classifications, such as bodies of water.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>LULC and associated digital data offer convenient, accurate, flexible, and cost-effective access to users who are involved in environmental studies, land use planning, land management, or resource planning.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs05294","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994, Land use and land cover digital data: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 052-94, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05294.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[{"id":225,"text":"Earth Science Information Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs05294.jpg"},{"id":285370,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0052-94/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae4e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":54427,"text":"wdrCA931 - 1994 - Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 1. Southern Great Basin from Mexican Border to Mono Lake Basin, and Pacific Slope Basins from Tijuana River to Santa Maria River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-20T01:01:36","indexId":"wdrCA931","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CA-93-1","title":"Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 1. Southern Great Basin from Mexican Border to Mono Lake Basin, and Pacific Slope Basins from Tijuana River to Santa Maria River","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1993 water year for California consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents in lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality in wells. Volume 1 contains (1) discharge records for 156 streamflow-gaging stations, 12 crest-stage partial-record streamflow stations, and 5 miscellaneous measurement stations; (2) stage and contents records for 26 lakes and reservoirs; (3) water-quality records for 17 streamflow-gaging stations and 6 partial-record stations; and (4) precipitation records for 10 stations . These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in California.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrCA931","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Mullen, J., Hayes, P., and Agajanian, J., 1994, Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 1. Southern Great Basin from Mexican Border to Mono Lake Basin, and Pacific Slope Basins from Tijuana River to Santa Maria River (Legacy Report): U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CA-93-1, xvii, 440 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCA931.","productDescription":"xvii, 440 p.","temporalStart":"1992-10-01","temporalEnd":"1993-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":631,"text":"Water Resources Division-California District","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wdr_CA_93_1.jpg"},{"id":174278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/ca-93/WDR-1993-vol1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Southern Great Basin;Mono Lake Basin;Pacific Slope Basins;Tijuana River;Santa Maria River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.4,32.5 ], [ -124.4,42 ], [ -114.13333333333334,42 ], [ -114.13333333333334,32.5 ], [ -124.4,32.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Legacy Report","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbfaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mullen, J.R.","contributorId":92683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullen","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, P.D.","contributorId":52644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Agajanian, J.A.","contributorId":73669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agajanian","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":54428,"text":"wdrCA932 - 1994 - Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 2. Pacific Slope Basins from Arroyo Grande to Oregon State Line except Central Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-01T01:01:51","indexId":"wdrCA932","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CA-93-2","title":"Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 2. Pacific Slope Basins from Arroyo Grande to Oregon State Line except Central Valley","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1993 water year for California consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents in lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality in wells. Volume 2 contains discharge records for 119 streamflow-gaging stations, 1 low-flow partial-record streamflow station, and 6 miscellaneous measurement stations; stage and contents records for 6 lakes and reservoirs; precipitation records for 3 stations; and water-quality records for 31 streamflow-gaging stations. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and with other agencies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","doi":"10.3133/wdrCA932","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources and with other agencies.","usgsCitation":"Palmer, J.R., Friebel, M., Trujillo, L., and Markham, K., 1994, Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 2. Pacific Slope Basins from Arroyo Grande to Oregon State Line except Central Valley (Legacy Report): U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CA-93-2, xviii, 391 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCA932.","productDescription":"xviii, 391 p.","numberOfPages":"416","costCenters":[{"id":631,"text":"Water Resources Division-California District","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wdr_CA_93_2.jpg"},{"id":260098,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/ca-93/WDR-1993-vol2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Arroyo Grande;Pacific Slope Basins","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.75,32.5 ], [ -120.75,38.166666666666664 ], [ -114.13333333333334,38.166666666666664 ], [ -114.13333333333334,32.5 ], [ -120.75,32.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Legacy Report","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc168","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmer, J. R.","contributorId":83559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friebel, M.F.","contributorId":23207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friebel","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trujillo, L.F.","contributorId":71959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trujillo","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":250334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Markham, K.L.","contributorId":14041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markham","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1001106,"text":"1001106 - 1994 - Variation in body mass of wild canvasback and redhead ducklings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-08T09:32:13","indexId":"1001106","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in body mass of wild canvasback and redhead ducklings","docAbstract":"We assessed variation in body mass of ducklings in single- and mixed-species broods of wild Canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria) and Redheads (Aythya americana) 20-50 days old. Body mass of canvasback ducklings was not affected by year and season (early vs. late hatch date) despite changes in water conditions. Mean body mass of male and female Canvasbacks did not differ in Class IIA but did differ in older age classes. Within-brood differences in body mass tended to be higher in Class IIA ducklings (6-7% of mean body mass for Canvasbacks, 9-11% in Redheads) and generally declined to 4-6% in Class IIC and older ducklings. Some within-brood differences were as high as 20-30% of mean body mass. Tests to assess sources of within-brood variation (age, sex, and season) in body mass for Canvasbacks were inconclusive. Variation within broods was generally less than that among broods for both Canvasbacks and Redheads. The lack of differences in duckling body mass between single- and mixed-species broods for any age class, sex, or species suggests that mass was not affected by interspecific brood parasitism.","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1369101","usgsCitation":"Austin, J.E., and Serie, J.R., 1994, Variation in body mass of wild canvasback and redhead ducklings: Condor, v. 96, no. 4, p. 909-915, https://doi.org/10.2307/1369101.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"909","endPage":"915","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503066,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/condor/vol96/iss4/5","text":"External Repository"},{"id":133960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602b63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, Jane E. jaustin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Jane","email":"jaustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":310505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Serie, Jerome R.","contributorId":174564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serie","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":54430,"text":"wdrCA934 - 1994 - Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 4. Northern Central Valley Basins and the Great Basin from Honey Lake Basin to Oregon State Line","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-01T01:01:51","indexId":"wdrCA934","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CA-93-4","title":"Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 4. Northern Central Valley Basins and the Great Basin from Honey Lake Basin to Oregon State Line","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1993 water year for California consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams, stage and contents in lakes and reservoirs, and water levels and water quality in wells. Volume 4 contains discharge records for 190 gaging stations, stage and contents for 41 lakes and reservoirs, precipitation data for 3 stations, and water quality for 8 stations. Also included are two low-flow partialrecord stations. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in California.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","doi":"10.3133/wdrCA934","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources and with other agencies.","usgsCitation":"Mullen, J., Friebel, M., Markham, K., and Anderson, S., 1994, Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 4. Northern Central Valley Basins and the Great Basin from Honey Lake Basin to Oregon State Line (Legacy Report): U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CA-93-4, xviii, 437 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCA934.","productDescription":"xviii, 437 p.","numberOfPages":"458","costCenters":[{"id":631,"text":"Water Resources Division-California District","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wdr_CA_93_4.jpg"},{"id":260100,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/ca-93/WDR-1993-vol4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin;Honey Lake Basin;Northern Central Valley Basins","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123,38 ], [ -123,42 ], [ -120,42 ], [ -120,38 ], [ -123,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Legacy Report","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc152","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mullen, J.R.","contributorId":92683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullen","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friebel, M.F.","contributorId":23207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friebel","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markham, K.L.","contributorId":14041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markham","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, S.W.","contributorId":25628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70016707,"text":"70016707 - 1994 - Hydrologic time and sustainability of shallow aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-06T06:42:44","indexId":"70016707","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydrologic time and sustainability of shallow aquifers","docAbstract":"Measurement of water and short intervals of time are coeval events that began about 6000 BC in Mesopotamia. Even though time and hydrology have been intimately entwined, with time terms in the denominator of many hydrologic parameters, hydrology's a priori claim to time has not been consummated. Moreover, time takes on a greater importance now than in the past as the focus shifts to small site-scale aquifers whose sustainability can be physically and chemically threatened. One of the challenges for research in hydrogeology is to establish time scales for hydrologic phenomena such as infiltration rates, groundwater flow rates, rates of organic and inorganic reactions, and rates of groundwater withdrawal over the short term, and the long term and to understand the consequences of these various time scales. Credible monitoring programs must consider not only the spatial scale, but also the time scale of the phenomena being monitored.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Water down under 1994 conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Water Down Under 1994 Conference","conferenceDate":"November 21-25, 1994","conferenceLocation":"Adelaide, Austtralia","language":"English","publisher":"Institution of Engineers, Australia","publisherLocation":"Crows Nest, NSW","issn":"03136922","usgsCitation":"Back, W., 1994, Hydrologic time and sustainability of shallow aquifers, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Water down under 1994 conference, v. 1, no. 94 /10, Adelaide, Austtralia, November 21-25, 1994, p. 331-335.","productDescription":"5 p. ","startPage":"331","endPage":"335","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224747,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"94 /10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3691e4b0c8380cd60806","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Back, William","contributorId":59007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Back","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2001482,"text":"2001482 - 1994 - Characterization of Cytophaga psychrophila obtained from epizootics of cold-water disease among Pacific salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:59","indexId":"2001482","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":70,"text":"Research Information Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"44","title":"Characterization of Cytophaga psychrophila obtained from epizootics of cold-water disease among Pacific salmon","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"94-070/PY94/FH","usgsCitation":"Cipriano, R.C., and Schill, W.B., 1994, Characterization of Cytophaga psychrophila obtained from epizootics of cold-water disease among Pacific salmon: Research Information Bulletin 44, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"2","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":198888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4e8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cipriano, R. C.","contributorId":12400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cipriano","given":"R.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schill, W. B.","contributorId":60146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":54431,"text":"wdrCA935 - 1994 - Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 5. Ground-Water Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-22T17:16:13","indexId":"wdrCA935","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CA-93-5","title":"Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 5. Ground-Water Data","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1993 water year for California consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents in lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality in wells. This volume of the report series includes records on ground water in California. Additional ground-water information for California is contained in the files, data bases, and other published reports of the U.S. Geological Survey.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrCA935","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with other Federal, State, and local agencies","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.A., 1994, Water Resources Data, California, Water Year 1993. Volume 5. Ground-Water Data (Legacy Report): U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CA-93-5, vii, 437 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCA935.","productDescription":"vii, 437 p.","temporalStart":"1992-10-01","temporalEnd":"1993-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":631,"text":"Water Resources Division-California District","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wdr_CA_93_5.jpg"},{"id":174373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/ca-93/WDR-1993-vol5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.4,32.5 ], [ -124.4,42 ], [ -114.13333333333334,42 ], [ -114.13333333333334,32.5 ], [ -124.4,32.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Legacy Report","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbd5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, J. A.","contributorId":88375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":250343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1331,"text":"wsp2414 - 1994 - Relations of borehole resistivity to the horizontal hydraulic conductivity and dissolved-soils concentration in water of clastic coastal plain aquifers in the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:12","indexId":"wsp2414","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2414","title":"Relations of borehole resistivity to the horizontal hydraulic conductivity and dissolved-soils concentration in water of clastic coastal plain aquifers in the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Aquifer bulk resistivity and grain-surface resistivity (inverse of grain-surface conductance) were tested as geoelectrical analogs to the horizontal hydraulic conductivity of clastic, freshwater aquifers in the Southeastern United States. Bulk resistivity was also tested as a geoelectrical analog for dissolved-solids concentrations in aquifer water. Bulk resistivity was defined as the average resistivity across a contributing interval measured by the long-normal (64-inch) or induction log. Grain-surface resistivity was empirically defined as the difference between aquifer bulk resistivity and aquifer water resistivity (computed from specific conductance). Sources of data were borehole geophysical logs and results of water-quality and aquifer-test analyses related to unconsolidated sands and clayey sands at more than a hundred sites in seven Southeastern States. Waterbearing units were composed of sediments ranging from the Late Cretaceous to middle Eocene. \r\n\r\nAll bivariate data were related using the logarithmic regression model Y=AX B. Aquifer bulk resistivity and grain-surface resistivity were moderately correlated to horizontal hydraulic conductivity (70 and 72 percent correlation coefficients, respectively). Apparent formation factor, defined as the ratio of aquifer bulk resistivity to aquifer water resistivity, was shown to be poorly correlated with horizontal hydraulic conductivity (38 percent correlation coefficient). Aquifer bulk resistivity was shown to be highly correlated with dissolved-solids concentration and aquifer water resistivity (88 and 93 percent correlation coefficients, respectively). \r\n\r\nRegression models using bulk resistivity and aquifer water resistivity as independent variables were applied at four locations in South Carolina and Louisiana to predict dissolved-solids concentrations in aquifer water. Absolute mean error of prediction was 20 and 6 percent, respectively. A regression model using bulk resistivity to predict horizontal hydraulic conductivity was applied at 27 sites in 6 Southeastern States, resulting in an absolute error ranging from 4 to 95 percent with a corresponding mean error of 43 percent.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off. ;\r\nFor sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2414","usgsCitation":"Faye, R.E., and Smith, W.G., 1994, Relations of borehole resistivity to the horizontal hydraulic conductivity and dissolved-soils concentration in water of clastic coastal plain aquifers in the southeastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2414, iv, 33 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2414.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2414/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26386,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2414/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63be66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faye, Robert E.","contributorId":92221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faye","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Winston G.","contributorId":33297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Winston","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":54320,"text":"wdrIL931 - 1994 - Water Resources Data, Illinois, Water Year 1993, Vol. 1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:51","indexId":"wdrIL931","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"IL-93-1","title":"Water Resources Data, Illinois, Water Year 1993, Vol. 1","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrIL931","usgsCitation":"Maurer, J., Wicker, T., and LaTour, J., 1994, Water Resources Data, Illinois, Water Year 1993, Vol. 1: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report IL-93-1, NA, https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrIL931.","productDescription":"NA","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":175210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb926","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maurer, J.C.","contributorId":70467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wicker, T.L.","contributorId":83994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicker","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LaTour, J.K.","contributorId":30257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaTour","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":2006,"text":"wsp2394 - 1994 - Hydraulic properties of a fractured-rock aquifer, Lee Valley, San Diego County, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":19593,"text":"ofr90592 - 1991 - Hydraulic properties of a fractured-rock aquifer, Lee Valley, San Diego County, California","indexId":"ofr90592","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Hydraulic properties of a fractured-rock aquifer, Lee Valley, San Diego County, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2006,"text":"wsp2394 - 1994 - Hydraulic properties of a fractured-rock aquifer, Lee Valley, San Diego County, California","indexId":"wsp2394","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Hydraulic properties of a fractured-rock aquifer, Lee Valley, San Diego County, California"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T13:25:43","indexId":"wsp2394","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2394","title":"Hydraulic properties of a fractured-rock aquifer, Lee Valley, San Diego County, California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wsp2394","usgsCitation":"Kaehler, C.A., and Hsieh, P.A., 1994, Hydraulic properties of a fractured-rock aquifer, Lee Valley, San Diego County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2394, v, 64 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2394.","productDescription":"v, 64 p. 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Charles A. ckaehler@usgs.gov","contributorId":210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaehler","given":"Charles","email":"ckaehler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":144515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - Office of Quality Assurance","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":144516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70180927,"text":"70180927 - 1994 - Assessment of shoreline vegetation in relation to use by molting black brant <i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i> on the Alaska Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T13:30:14","indexId":"70180927","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of shoreline vegetation in relation to use by molting black brant <i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i> on the Alaska Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"<p><span>To evaluate the importance of large thaw lakes on the Alaska Coastal Plain for molting Pacific black brant </span><i>Branta bernicla</i><span><i> nigricans</i>, distribution and life form of shoreline vegetation were assessed using several scales: satellite imagery, point-intercept transects, cover quadrats, and a parameter for water regime. Brant population and distribution estimates from aerial surveys were used to classify large lakes into high, moderate, and low use. Correlations between brant and abundance of their preferred feeding site - moss flats - were best demonstrated by satellite imagery. Intercepts and cover ratings were not correlated, presumably because these techniques were less efficient at assessing area. General observations suggested that the presence of islands, large ice floes, and possibly other physical attributes of the habitat, influenced brant distribution. This area is unique because of low-lying, drained-lake basins that have ideal combinations of moss flats and large water areas where brant seek protection disturbance is vital to the success of this declining species because alternate habitats may not be available elsewhere on the Coastal Plain. in water or on ice floes. Protection of the area from disturbance is vital to the success of this declining species because alternate habitats may not be available elsewhere on the Coastal Plain.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0006-3207(94)90166-X","usgsCitation":"Weller, M.W., Jensen, K.C., Taylor, E., Miller, M., Bollinger, K.S., Derksen, D.V., Esler, D., and Markon, C.J., 1994, Assessment of shoreline vegetation in relation to use by molting black brant <i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i> on the Alaska Coastal Plain: Biological Conservation, v. 70, no. 3, p. 219-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(94)90166-X.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"225","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334974,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Coastal Plain, Teshekpuk Lake","volume":"70","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589c3c50e4b0efcedb741117","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weller, Milton W.","contributorId":113630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weller","given":"Milton","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, K. C.","contributorId":16671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Eric J.","contributorId":41966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Eric J.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":662864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Mark W.","contributorId":83642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bollinger, Karen S.","contributorId":33842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":29523,"text":"wri934206 - 1994 - Determination of sediment thickness and volume in Lake Byron, South Dakota, using continuous seismic-reflection methods, May 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:57","indexId":"wri934206","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4206","title":"Determination of sediment thickness and volume in Lake Byron, South Dakota, using continuous seismic-reflection methods, May 1992","docAbstract":"A sediment survey to assess the amount and distribution of lake sediment was made as part of a diagnostic/feasibility study investigating the potential for lake restoration of Lake Byron, South Dakota. A high-frequency, continuous seismic- reflection system was used to estimate thickness of sediment, and a global-positioning system was used to monitor horizontal and vertical position while traversing 15 north-south and two diagonal transects of the lake. The volume of water was 10,645 acre- feet, and the average depth was 5.6 feet. The volume of loose, uncompacted sediment in Lake Byron was estimated to be 3.8 million cubic yards, and the average depth of uncompacted sediment was estimated to be 1.2 feet. The volume of total lake sediment in Lake Byron was estimated to be 34 million cubic yards. The average thickness of total lake sediment in the Western part of Lake Byron was estimated to be 11 feet.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934206","usgsCitation":"Sando, S.K., and Cates, S., 1994, Determination of sediment thickness and volume in Lake Byron, South Dakota, using continuous seismic-reflection methods, May 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4206, iv, 17 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934206.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4206/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58363,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4206/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6676b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sando, S. K.","contributorId":61060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cates, S.W.","contributorId":57897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cates","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23963,"text":"ofr9491 - 1994 - Bibliography of publications from the Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-13T13:25:17","indexId":"ofr9491","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-91","title":"Bibliography of publications from the Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey began the Toxic Substances Hydrology Program in 1982 to study, in an interdisciplinary\natmosphere, the fate and effects of toxic substances in the environment. The objective of the Program\nis to provide the earth-science information needed to prevent or mitigate contamination of the Nation's ground\nand surface waters. To achieve this goal, research is conducted in four categories--focused field investigations\nof contaminated sites, additional research on toxic substances hydrology, development of methods to study or\nsample contaminated waters, and investigations of nonpoint sources of contamination. This report contains citations\nof reports on research conducted under the auspices of the Program from the beginning of the Program\nthrough the end of 1993.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tallahassee, FL","doi":"10.3133/ofr9491","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Morganwalp, D.W., 1994, Bibliography of publications from the Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-91, iv, 156 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9491.","productDescription":"iv, 156 p.","numberOfPages":"161","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0091/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":279458,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0091/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629866","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morganwalp, David W. dwmorgan@usgs.gov","contributorId":5592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morganwalp","given":"David","email":"dwmorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":191050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}