The Honey Lake fault system (HLFS) strikes north-northwestward across Long Valley near Doyle, CA and is part of a network of active, dextral strike-slip faults in the northern Walker Lane (Figure 1). Geologic investigations of a right-laterally offset terrace riser along the north bank of Long Valley Creek, which we refer to as site 1 (Figure 2), indicate a latest Quaternary slip rate of 1.1-2. 6 mm/yr [Wills and Borchardt, 1993] and 1.7 ± 0.6 mm/yr [Turner and others, 2008] (Table 1). These studies also document evidence of at least four post-6.8 ka surface-rupturing earthquakes at this site.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Guidebook: neotectonics of the Lake Tahoe and Carson and Sierra Valleys, F.O.P. 2012 - Sept. 13-16: friends of the Pleistocene Pacific cell meeting","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Friends of the Pleistocene","usgsCitation":"Gold, R., Briggs, R.W., Crone, A., and Angster, S., 2012, FOP 2012 stop, Honey Lake fault, Doyle, CA, chap. of Guidebook: neotectonics of the Lake Tahoe and Carson and Sierra Valleys, F.O.P. 2012 - Sept. 13-16: friends of the Pleistocene Pacific cell meeting, p. 259-269.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"269","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041023","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272344,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://funnel.sfsu.edu/fop/Tahoe_2012/resources/FOP2012-guidebook.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Doyle","otherGeospatial":"Honey Lake Fault","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51975164e4b09a9cb58d5eed","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Seitz, Gordon G.","contributorId":139062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720027,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Gold, Ryan","contributorId":97400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":4136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crone, Anthony","contributorId":20624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"Anthony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Angster, Steve","contributorId":106779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angster","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046687,"text":"70046687 - 2012 - Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement Off-Project Water Program Evapotranspiration Map for September 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-25T11:13:31","indexId":"70046687","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement Off-Project Water Program Evapotranspiration Map for September 2004","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046687","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2012, Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement Off-Project Water Program Evapotranspiration Map for September 2004, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046687.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274142,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274141,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/mosaic_et_september2004_kl_NAD83.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.425204,41.972926 ], [ -123.425204,43.490807 ], [ -120.483416,43.490807 ], [ -120.483416,41.972926 ], [ -123.425204,41.972926 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51cabbe3e4b0d298e5434c56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70042829,"text":"70042829 - 2012 - MODFLOW-NWT – Robust handling of dry cells using a Newton Formulation of MODFLOW-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-25T15:23:34","indexId":"70042829","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"MODFLOW-NWT – Robust handling of dry cells using a Newton Formulation of MODFLOW-2005","docAbstract":"The first versions of the widely used groundwater flow model MODFLOW (McDonald and Harbaugh 1988) had a sure but inflexible way of handling unconfined finite-difference aquifer cells where the water table dropped below the bottom of the cell—these \"dry cells\" were turned inactive for the remainder of the simulation. Problems with this formulation were easily seen, including the potential for inadvertent loss of simulated recharge in the model (Doherty 2001; Painter et al. 2008), and rippling of dry cells through the solution that unacceptably changed the groundwater flow system (Juckem et al. 2006). Moreover, solving problems of the natural world often required the ability to reactivate dry cells when the water table rose above the cell bottom. This seemingly simple desire resulted in a two-decade attempt to include the simulation flexibility while avoiding numerical instability.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Publishing Ltd","publisherLocation":"Columbia, MD","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00976.x","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R., and Feinstein, D.T., 2012, MODFLOW-NWT – Robust handling of dry cells using a Newton Formulation of MODFLOW-2005: Ground Water, v. 50, no. 5, p. 659-663, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00976.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"659","endPage":"663","numberOfPages":"5","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037826","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268261,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00976.x"}],"volume":"50","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"512c9613e4b0855fde6697ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Randal J. 0000-0001-6465-9304","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":52861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randal J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feinstein, Daniel T. 0000-0003-1151-2530 dtfeinst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-2530","contributorId":1907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feinstein","given":"Daniel","email":"dtfeinst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043924,"text":"70043924 - 2012 - Effects of Bromus tectorum invasion on microbial carbon and nitrogen cycling in two adjacent undisturbed arid grassland communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-09T12:23:13.515284","indexId":"70043924","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of Bromus tectorum invasion on microbial carbon and nitrogen cycling in two adjacent undisturbed arid grassland communities","docAbstract":"Soil nitrogen (N) is an important component in maintaining ecosystem stability, and the introduction of non-native plants can alter N cycling by changing litter quality and quantity, nutrient uptake patterns, and soil food webs. Our goal was to determine the effects of Bromus tectorum (C3) invasion on soil microbial N cycling in adjacent non-invaded and invaded C3 and C4 native arid grasslands. We monitored resin-extractable N, plant and soil δ13C and δ15N, gross rates of inorganic N mineralization and consumption, and the quantity and isotopic composition of microbial phospholipid biomarkers. In invaded C3 communities, labile soil organic N and gross and net rates of soil N transformations increased, indicating an increase in overall microbial N cycling. In invaded C4 communities labile soil N stayed constant, but gross N flux rates increased. The δ13C of phospholipid biomarkers in invaded C4 communities showed that some portion of the soil bacterial population preferentially decomposed invader C3-derived litter over that from the native C4 species. Invasion in C4 grasslands also significantly decreased the proportion of fungal to bacterial phospholipid biomarkers. Different processes are occurring in response to B. tectorum invasion in each of these two native grasslands that: 1) alter the size of soil N pools, and/or 2) the activity of the microbial community. Both processes provide mechanisms for altering long-term N dynamics in these ecosystems and highlight how multiple mechanisms can lead to similar effects on ecosystem function, which may be important for the construction of future biogeochemical process models.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-011-9668-x","usgsCitation":"Schaeffer, S.M., Ziegler, S.E., Belnap, J., and Evans, R., 2012, Effects of Bromus tectorum invasion on microbial carbon and nitrogen cycling in two adjacent undisturbed arid grassland communities: Biogeochemistry, v. 111, no. 1-3, p. 427-441, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9668-x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"441","ipdsId":"IP-044253","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272130,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9668-x"}],"volume":"111","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518cc564e4b05ebc8f7cc11b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaeffer, Sean M.","contributorId":30891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ziegler, Susan E.","contributorId":64537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, R.D.","contributorId":48735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70044135,"text":"70044135 - 2012 - Biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of the Cambrian-Ordovician great American carbonate bank","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T18:45:13.277105","indexId":"70044135","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":606,"text":"AAPG Memoir","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of the Cambrian-Ordovician great American carbonate bank","docAbstract":"The carbonate strata of the great American carbonate bank (GACB) have been subdivided and correlated with ever-increasing precision and accuracy during the past half century through use of the dominant organisms that evolved on the Laurentian platform through the Cambrian and the Ordovician. Trilobites and conodonts remain the primary groups used for this purpose, although brachiopods, both calcareous and phosphatic, and graptolites are very important in certain facies and intervals. A series of charts show the chronostratigraphic units (series and stages) currently in use for deposits of the GACB and the biostratigraphic units (zones, subzones, and biomeres) whose boundaries delineate them. Older and, in some cases obsolete, stages and faunal units are included in the figures to allow users to relate information from previous publications and/or industry databases to modern units. This chapter also provides a brief discussion on the use of biostratigraphy in the recognition and interregional correlation of supersequence boundaries within the Sauk and Tippecanoe megasequences, and the varied perspectives on the nature of biostratigraphic units and their defining taxa during the past half century. Also included are a concise update on the biomere concept, and an explanation of the biostratigraphic consequences of a profound change in the dynamics of extinction and replacement that occurred on the GACB in the Early Ordovician when the factors responsible for platformwide biomere-type extinctions faded and ultimately disappeared. A final section addresses recent and pending refinements in the genus and species taxonomy of biostratigraphically significant fossil groups, the potential they hold for greatly improved correlation, and the obstacles to be overcome for that potential to be realized.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The great American carbonate bank: The geology and economic resources of the Cambrian-Ordovician Sauk megasequence of Laurentia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"AAPG","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.1306/13331488M983497","usgsCitation":"Taylor, J.F., Repetski, J.E., Loch, J.D., and Leslie, S.A., 2012, Biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of the Cambrian-Ordovician great American carbonate bank, chap. of The great American carbonate bank: The geology and economic resources of the Cambrian-Ordovician Sauk megasequence of Laurentia: AAPG Memoir, v. 98, p. 15-35, https://doi.org/10.1306/13331488M983497.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-018460","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297965,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297966,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/memoir98/CHAPTER03/CHAPTER03.HTM"}],"volume":"98","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e64cee4b00154e4368b53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, John F.","contributorId":80890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Repetski, John E. 0000-0002-2298-7120 jrepetski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2298-7120","contributorId":2596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"John","email":"jrepetski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loch, James D.","contributorId":20139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loch","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leslie, Stephen A.","contributorId":25750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leslie","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70044129,"text":"70044129 - 2012 - Cambrian-lower Middle Ordovician passive carbonate margin, southern Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T18:38:31.792537","indexId":"70044129","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":606,"text":"AAPG Memoir","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"chapter":"14","title":"Cambrian-lower Middle Ordovician passive carbonate margin, southern Appalachians","docAbstract":"The southern Appalachian part of the Cambrian–Ordovician passive margin succession of the great American carbonate bank extends from the Lower Cambrian to the lower Middle Ordovician, is as much as 3.5 km (2.2 mi) thick, and has long-term subsidence rates exceeding 5 cm (2 in.)/k.y. Subsiding depocenters separated by arches controlled sediment thickness. The succession consists of five supersequences, each of which contains several third-order sequences, and numerous meter-scale parasequences. Siliciclastic-prone supersequence 1 (Lower Cambrian Chilhowee Group fluvial rift clastics grading up into shelf siliciclastics) underlies the passive margin carbonates. Supersequence 2 consists of the Lower Cambrian Shady Dolomite–Rome-Waynesboro Formations. This is a shallowing-upward ramp succession of thinly bedded to nodular lime mudstones up into carbonate mud-mound facies, overlain by lowstand quartzose carbonates, and then a rimmed shelf succession capped by highly cyclic regressive carbonates and red beds (Rome-Waynesboro Formations). Foreslope facies include megabreccias, grainstone, and thin-bedded carbonate turbidites and deep-water rhythmites. Supersequence 3 rests on a major unconformity and consists of a Middle Cambrian differentiated rimmed shelf carbonate with highly cyclic facies (Elbrook Formation) extending in from the rim and passing via an oolitic ramp into a large structurally controlled intrashelf basin (Conasauga Shale). Filling of the intrashelf basin caused widespread deposition of thin quartz sandstones at the base of supersequence 4, overlain by widespread cyclic carbonates (Upper Cambrian lower Knox Group Copper Ridge Dolomite in the south; Conococheague Formation in the north). Supersequence 5 (Lower Ordovician upper Knox in the south; Lower to Middle Ordovician Beekmantown Group in the north) has a basal quartz sandstone-prone unit, overlain by cyclic ramp carbonates, that grade downdip into thrombolite grainstone and then storm-deposited deep-ramp carbonates. Passive margin deposition was terminated by arc-continent collision when the shelf was uplifted over a peripheral bulge while global sea levels were falling, resulting in the major 0- to 10-m.y. Knox–Beekmantown unconformity. The supersequences and sequences appear to relate to regionally traceable eustatic sea level cycles on which were superimposed high-frequency Milankovitch sea level cycles that formed the parasequences under global greenhouse conditions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The great American carbonate bank: The geology and economic resources of the Cambrian-Ordovician Sauk megasequence of Laurentia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"AAPG","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.1306/13331499M980271","usgsCitation":"Read, J.F., and Repetski, J.E., 2012, Cambrian-lower Middle Ordovician passive carbonate margin, southern Appalachians, chap. 14 of The great American carbonate bank: The geology and economic resources of the Cambrian-Ordovician Sauk megasequence of Laurentia: AAPG Memoir, v. 98, p. 357-382, https://doi.org/10.1306/13331499M980271.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"382","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043201","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270967,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378344,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/memoir98/CHAPTER14/CHAPTER14.HTM"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"southern Appalachian Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.25537109375,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -80.958251953125,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -85.49560546875,\n 36.28856319836237\n ],\n [\n -87.62695312499999,\n 33.715201644740844\n ],\n [\n -85.26489257812499,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -81.595458984375,\n 35.263561862152095\n ],\n [\n -78.233642578125,\n 38.11727165830543\n ],\n [\n -77.080078125,\n 39.73253798438173\n ],\n [\n -79.25537109375,\n 39.70718665682654\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"98","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e64d8e4b00154e4368b57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Read, J. Fred","contributorId":50068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Read","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Fred","affiliations":[{"id":12594,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":474845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Repetski, John E. 0000-0002-2298-7120 jrepetski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2298-7120","contributorId":2596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"John","email":"jrepetski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176224,"text":"70176224 - 2012 - Review and update of the applications of organic petrology: Part 2, geological and multidisciplinary applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-06T12:55:38","indexId":"70176224","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review and update of the applications of organic petrology: Part 2, geological and multidisciplinary applications","docAbstract":"The present paper is focused on organic petrology applied to unconventional and multidisciplinary investigations and is the second part of a two part review that describes the geological applications and uses of this branch of earth sciences. Therefore, this paper reviews the use of organic petrology in investigations of: (i) ore genesis when organic matter occurs associated with mineralization; (ii) the behavior of organic matter in coal fires (self-heating and self-combustion); (iii) environmental and anthropogenic impacts associated with the management and industrial utilization of coal; (iv) archeology and the nature and geographical provenance of objects of organic nature such as jet, amber, other artifacts and coal from archeological sites; and (v) forensic science connected with criminal behavior or disasters. This second part of the review outlines the most recent research and applications of organic petrology in those fields.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2012.03.005","usgsCitation":"Suarez-Ruiz, I., Flores, D., Mendonça Filho, J., and Hackley, P.C., 2012, Review and update of the applications of organic petrology: Part 2, geological and multidisciplinary applications: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 98, p. 73-94, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2012.03.005.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"94","ipdsId":"IP-033492","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57cfe8bce4b04836416a0e11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Suarez-Ruiz, Isabel","contributorId":75072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suarez-Ruiz","given":"Isabel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flores, Deolinda","contributorId":31287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"Deolinda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mendonça Filho, João Graciano","contributorId":102768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendonça Filho","given":"João Graciano","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176229,"text":"70176229 - 2012 - Definition of Greater Gulf Basin Lower Cretaceous and Upper Cretaceous lower Cenomanian Shale Gas Assessment Unit, United States Gulf of Mexico basin onshore and state waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T11:24:49","indexId":"70176229","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3365,"text":"Search and Discovery","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Definition of Greater Gulf Basin Lower Cretaceous and Upper Cretaceous lower Cenomanian Shale Gas Assessment Unit, United States Gulf of Mexico basin onshore and state waters","docAbstract":"An assessment unit (AU) for undiscovered continuous “shale” gas in Lower Cretaceous (Aptian and Albian) and basal Upper Cretaceous (lower Cenomanian) rocks in the USA onshore Gulf of Mexico coastal plain recently was defined by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The AU is part of the Upper Jurassic-Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum System (TPS) of the Gulf of Mexico Basin. Definition of the AU was conducted as part of the 2010 USGS assessment of undiscovered hydrocarbon resources in Gulf Coast Mesozoic stratigraphic intervals. The purpose of defining the Greater Gulf Basin Lower Cretaceous Shale Gas AU was to propose a hypothetical AU in the Cretaceous part of the Gulf Coast TPS in which there might be continuous “shale” gas, but the AU was not quantitatively assessed by the USGS in 2010.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAPG","usgsCitation":"Dennen, K., and Hackley, P.C., 2012, Definition of Greater Gulf Basin Lower Cretaceous and Upper Cretaceous lower Cenomanian Shale Gas Assessment Unit, United States Gulf of Mexico basin onshore and state waters: Search and Discovery, Article #10429: 37 p.","productDescription":"Article #10429: 37 p.","ipdsId":"IP-033164","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328240,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":356057,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.searchanddiscovery.com/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57cfe8b1e4b04836416a0d4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dennen, Kristin O.","contributorId":61437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennen","given":"Kristin O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192462,"text":"70192462 - 2012 - Relating stick-slip friction experiments to earthquake source parameters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T14:34:59","indexId":"70192462","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relating stick-slip friction experiments to earthquake source parameters","docAbstract":"Analytical results for parameters, such as static stress drop, for stick-slip friction experiments, with arbitrary input parameters, can be determined by solving an energy-balance equation. These results can then be related to a given earthquake based on its seismic moment and the maximum slip within its rupture zone, assuming that the rupture process entails the same physics as stick-slip friction. This analysis yields overshoots and ratios of apparent stress to static stress drop of about 0.25. The inferred earthquake source parameters static stress drop, apparent stress, slip rate, and radiated energy are robust inasmuch as they are largely independent of the experimental parameters used in their estimation. Instead, these earthquake parameters depend on C, the ratio of maximum slip to the cube root of the seismic moment. C is controlled by the normal stress applied to the rupture plane and the difference between the static and dynamic coefficients of friction. Estimating yield stress and seismic efficiency using the same procedure is only possible when the actual static and dynamic coefficients of friction are known within the earthquake rupture zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2011GL050327","usgsCitation":"McGarr, A.F., 2012, Relating stick-slip friction experiments to earthquake source parameters: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 39, no. 5, L05303; 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050327.","productDescription":"L05303; 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-035938","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl050327","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347895,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bc2e4b0531197afa076","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGarr, Arthur F. 0000-0001-9769-4093 mcgarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-4093","contributorId":3178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"Arthur","email":"mcgarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70032283,"text":"70032283 - 2012 - The impact of biotic/abiotic interfaces in mineral nutrient cycling: A study of soils of the Santa Cruz chronosequence, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-03T17:49:49.83412","indexId":"70032283","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The impact of biotic/abiotic interfaces in mineral nutrient cycling: A study of soils of the Santa Cruz chronosequence, California","docAbstract":"Biotic/abiotic interactions between soil mineral nutrients and annual grassland vegetation are characterized for five soils in a marine terrace chronosequence near Santa Cruz, California. A Mediterranean climate, with wet winters and dry summers, controls the annual cycle of plant growth and litter decomposition, resulting in net above-ground productivities of 280–600 g m−2 yr−1. The biotic/abiotic (A/B) interface separates seasonally reversible nutrient gradients, reflecting biological cycling in the shallower soils, from downward chemical weathering gradients in the deeper soils. The A/B interface is pedologically defined by argillic clay horizons centered at soil depths of about one meter which intensify with soil age. Below these horizons, elevated solute Na/Ca, Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios reflect plagioclase and smectite weathering along pore water flow paths. Above the A/B interface, lower cation ratios denote temporal variability due to seasonal plant nutrient uptake and litter leaching. Potassium and Ca exhibit no seasonal variability beneath the A/B interface, indicating closed nutrient cycling within the root zone, whereas Mg variability below the A/B interface denotes downward leakage resulting from higher inputs of marine aerosols and lower plant nutrient requirements.
The fraction of a mineral nutrient annually cycled through the plants, compared to that lost from pore water discharge, is defined their respective fluxes Fj,plants = qj,plants/(qj,plants + qj,discharge) with average values for K and Ca (FK,plants = 0.99; FCa,plants = 0.93) much higher than for Mg and Na (FMg,plants 0.64; FNa,plants = 0.28). The discrimination against Rb and Sr by plants is described by fractionation factors (KSr/Ca = 0.86; KRb/K = 0.83) which are used in Rayleigh fractionation-mixing calculations to fit seasonal patterns in solute K and Ca cycling. KRb/K and
As part of the government response to the Deepwater Horizon blowout, a Well Integrity Team evaluated the geologic hazards of shutting in the Macondo Well at the seafloor and determined the conditions under which it could safely be undertaken. Of particular concern was the possibility that, under the anticipated high shut-in pressures, oil could leak out of the well casing below the seafloor. Such a leak could lead to new geologic pathways for hydrocarbon release to the Gulf of Mexico. Evaluating this hazard required analyses of 2D and 3D seismic surveys, seafloor bathymetry, sediment properties, geophysical well logs, and drilling data to assess the geological, hydrological, and geomechanical conditions around the Macondo Well. After the well was successfully capped and shut in on July 15, 2010, a variety of monitoring activities were used to assess subsurface well integrity. These activities included acquisition of wellhead pressure data, marine multichannel seismic profiles, seafloor and water-column sonar surveys, and wellhead visual/acoustic monitoring. These data showed that the Macondo Well was not leaking after shut in, and therefore, it could remain safely shut until reservoir pressures were suppressed (killed) with heavy drilling mud and the well was sealed with cement.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1115847109","usgsCitation":"Hickman, S.H., Hsieh, P.A., Mooney, W.D., Enomoto, C.B., Nelson, P.H., Weber, T.S., Mayer, L., Moran, K., Flemings, P., and McNutt, M.K., 2012, Scientific basis for safely shutting in the Macondo Well after the April 20, 2010 Deepwater Horizon blowout : PNAS, v. 109, no. 50, p. 20268-20273, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1115847109.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"20268","endPage":"20273","ipdsId":"IP-036940","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1115847109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347348,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.349609375,\n 22.350075806124867\n ],\n [\n -81.5625,\n 22.350075806124867\n ],\n [\n -81.5625,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -98.349609375,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -98.349609375,\n 22.350075806124867\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"50","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2aae4b0220bbd9d9fd4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rice, James R.","contributorId":62601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rice","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715630,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, Stephen H. 0000-0003-2075-9615 hickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":2705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","email":"hickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - 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2012 - Burn severity mapping in Australia 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-18T14:36:31","indexId":"70193205","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Burn severity mapping in Australia 2009","docAbstract":"In 2009, the Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment estimated approximately 430,000 hectares of Victoria Australia were burned by numerous bushfires. Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER) teams from the United States were deployed to Victoria to assist local fire managers. The U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (USGS/EROS) and U.S. Forest Service Remote Sensing Applications Center (USFS/RSAC) aided the support effort by providing satellite-derived \"soil burn severity \" maps for over 280,000 burned hectares. In the United States, BAER teams are assembled to make rapid assessments of burned lands to identify potential hazards to public health and property. An early step in the assessment process is the creation of a soil burn severity map used to identify hazard areas and prioritize treatment locations. These maps are developed primarily using Landsat satellite imagery and the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) algorithm.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XXXIX-B8","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"ISPRS","doi":"10.5194/isprsarchives-XXXIX-B8-51-2012","usgsCitation":"McKinley, R., Clark, J., and Lecker, J., 2012, Burn severity mapping in Australia 2009, in International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XXXIX-B8, v. XXXIX-B8, p. 51-54, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-XXXIX-B8-51-2012.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"54","ipdsId":"IP-027326","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474664,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xxxix-b8-51-2012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":350090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 144.217529296875,\n -39.16839998800285\n ],\n [\n 147.10693359375,\n -39.16839998800285\n ],\n [\n 147.10693359375,\n -36.11125252076157\n ],\n [\n 144.217529296875,\n -36.11125252076157\n ],\n [\n 144.217529296875,\n -39.16839998800285\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"XXXIX-B8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6105a0e4b06e28e9c2557d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinley, Randy 0000-0001-7644-6365 rmckinley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-6365","contributorId":1354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinley","given":"Randy","email":"rmckinley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, J.","contributorId":27004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lecker, Jennifer","contributorId":199101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lecker","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70032649,"text":"70032649 - 2012 - Updated determination of stress parameters for nine well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-17T16:51:03","indexId":"70032649","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Updated determination of stress parameters for nine well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America","docAbstract":"Stress parameters (Δσ) are determined for nine relatively well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America for ten attenuation models. This is an update of a previous study by Boore et al. (2010). New to this paper are observations from the 2010 Val des Bois earthquake, additional observations for the 1988 Saguenay and 2005 Riviere du Loup earthquakes, and consideration of six attenuation models in addition to the four used in the previous study. As in that study, it is clear that Δσ depends strongly on the rate of geometrical spreading (as well as other model parameters). The observations necessary to determine conclusively which attenuation model best fits the data are still lacking. At this time, a simple 1/R model seems to give as good an overall fit to the data as more complex models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.83.1.190","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Boore, D.M., 2012, Updated determination of stress parameters for nine well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America: Seismological Research Letters, v. 83, no. 1, p. 190-199, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.83.1.190.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"190","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-034108","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213701,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.83.1.190"}],"volume":"83","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd16e4b08c986b328ebe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boore, David M. boore@usgs.gov","contributorId":2509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70032406,"text":"70032406 - 2012 - Functional ecology of saltglands in shorebirds: Flexible responses to variable environmental conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T12:55:45.584228","indexId":"70032406","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1711,"text":"Functional Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Functional ecology of saltglands in shorebirds: Flexible responses to variable environmental conditions","docAbstract":"1. Birds of marine environments have specialized glands to excrete salt, the saltglands. Located on the skull between the eyes, the size of these organs is expected to reflect their demand, which will vary with water turnover rates as a function of environmental (heat load, salinity of prey and drinking water) and organismal (energy demand, physiological state) factors. On the basis of inter- and intraspecific comparisons of saltgland mass (msg) in 29 species of shorebird (suborder Charadrii) from saline, fresh and mixed water habitats, we assessed the relative roles of organism and environment in determining measured msg species.
2. The allometric exponent, scaling dry msg to shorebird total body mass (mb), was significantly higher for coastal marine species (0Æ88, N = 19) than for nonmarine species (0Æ43, N = 14). Within the marine species, those ingesting bivalves intact had significantly higher msg than species eating soft-bodied invertebrates, indicating that seawater contained within the shells added to the salt load.
3. In red knots (Calidris canutus), dry msg varied with monthly averaged ambient temperature in a U-shaped way, with the lowest mass at 12Æ5 C. This probably reflects increased energy demand for thermoregulation at low temperatures and elevated respiratory water loss at high temperatures. In fuelling bar-tailed godwits (Limosa lapponica), dry msg was positively correlated with intestine mass, an indicator of relative food intake rates. These findings suggest once more that saltgland masses vary within species (and presumably individuals) in relation to salt load, that is a function of energy turnover (thermoregulation and fuelling) and evaporative water needs.
4. Our results support the notion that msg is strongly influenced by habitat salinity, and also by factors influencing salt load and demand for osmotically free water including ambient temperature, prey type and energy intake rates. Saltglands are evidently highly flexible organs. The small size of saltglands when demands are low suggests that any time costs of adjustment are lower than the costs of maintaining a larger size in this small but essential piece of metabolic machinery.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01929.x","issn":"02698463","usgsCitation":"Gutierrez, J., Dietz, M., Masero, J., Gill, R., Dekinga, A., Battley, P.F., Sanchez-Guzman, J.M., and Piersma, T., 2012, Functional ecology of saltglands in shorebirds: Flexible responses to variable environmental conditions: Functional Ecology, v. 26, no. 1, p. 236-244, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01929.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"236","endPage":"244","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474685,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01929.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1411e4b0c8380cd548bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gutierrez, J.S.","contributorId":97334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietz, M.W.","contributorId":62842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietz","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Masero, J.A.","contributorId":23773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masero","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dekinga, Anne","contributorId":52000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dekinga","given":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Battley, Phil F.","contributorId":27272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battley","given":"Phil","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sanchez-Guzman, J. M.","contributorId":65677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanchez-Guzman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Piersma, Theunis","contributorId":45863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piersma","given":"Theunis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70193286,"text":"70193286 - 2012 - Displacement fields from point cloud data: Application of particle imaging velocimetry to landslide geodesy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T10:00:16","indexId":"70193286","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Displacement fields from point cloud data: Application of particle imaging velocimetry to landslide geodesy","docAbstract":"Acquiring spatially continuous ground-surface displacement fields from Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS) will allow better understanding of the physical processes governing landslide motion at detailed spatial and temporal scales. Problems arise, however, when estimating continuous displacement fields from TLS point-clouds because reflecting points from sequential scans of moving ground are not defined uniquely, thus repeat TLS surveys typically do not track individual reflectors. Here, we implemented the cross-correlation-based Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) method to derive a surface deformation field using TLS point-cloud data. We estimated associated errors using the shape of the cross-correlation function and tested the method's performance with synthetic displacements applied to a TLS point cloud. We applied the method to the toe of the episodically active Cleveland Corral Landslide in northern California using TLS data acquired in June 2005–January 2007 and January–May 2010. Estimated displacements ranged from decimeters to several meters and they agreed well with independent measurements at better than 9% root mean squared (RMS) error. For each of the time periods, the method provided a smooth, nearly continuous displacement field that coincides with independently mapped boundaries of the slide and permits further kinematic and mechanical inference. For the 2010 data set, for instance, the PIV-derived displacement field identified a diffuse zone of displacement that preceded by over a month the development of a new lateral shear zone. Additionally, the upslope and downslope displacement gradients delineated by the dense PIV field elucidated the non-rigid behavior of the slide.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2011JF002161","usgsCitation":"Aryal, A., Brooks, B.A., Reid, M.E., Bawden, G.W., and Pawlak, G., 2012, Displacement fields from point cloud data: Application of particle imaging velocimetry to landslide geodesy: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 117, no. F1, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JF002161.","productDescription":"F01029; 15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-034573","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jf002161","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347929,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada Mountains","volume":"117","issue":"F1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bc1e4b0531197afa068","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aryal, Arjun","contributorId":199281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aryal","given":"Arjun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooks, Benjamin A. 0000-0001-7954-6281 bbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7954-6281","contributorId":5237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reid, Mark E. 0000-0002-5595-1503 mreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1503","contributorId":1167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Mark","email":"mreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bawden, Gerald W. gbawden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawden","given":"Gerald","email":"gbawden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pawlak, Geno","contributorId":66178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlak","given":"Geno","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70193210,"text":"70193210 - 2012 - Mechanics of debris flows and rock avalanches: Chapter 43","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-30T13:37:43","indexId":"70193210","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Mechanics of debris flows and rock avalanches: Chapter 43","docAbstract":"Debris flows are geophysical phenomena intermediate in character between rock avalanches and flash floods. They commonly originate as water-laden landslides on steep slopes and transform into liquefied masses of fragmented rock, muddy water, and entrained organic matter that disgorge from canyons onto valley floors. Typically including 50%–70% solid grains by volume, attaining speeds >10 m/s, and ranging in size up to ∼109 m3, debris flows can denude mountainsides, inundate floodplains, and devastate people and property (Figure 43.1). Notable recent debris-flow disasters resulted in more than 20,000 fatalities in Armero, Colombia, in 1985 and in Vargas state, Venezuela, in 1999.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Handbook of environmental fluid dynamics, Volume One","language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","doi":"10.1201/b14241-47","isbn":"9781439816707","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R.M., 2012, Mechanics of debris flows and rock avalanches: Chapter 43, chap. of Handbook of environmental fluid dynamics, Volume One, p. 573-587, https://doi.org/10.1201/b14241-47.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"573","endPage":"587","ipdsId":"IP-021709","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6105a0e4b06e28e9c2557b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Fernando, Harindra Joseph","contributorId":201042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernando","given":"Harindra","email":"","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724158,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70032404,"text":"70032404 - 2012 - Deltamethrin flea-control preserves genetic variability of black-tailed prairie dogs during a plague outbreak","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T12:57:11.398034","indexId":"70032404","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deltamethrin flea-control preserves genetic variability of black-tailed prairie dogs during a plague outbreak","docAbstract":"Genetic variability and structure of nine black-tailed prairie dog (BTPD, Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies were estimated with 15 unlinked microsatellite markers. A plague epizootic occurred between the first and second years of sampling and our study colonies were nearly extirpated with the exception of three colonies in which prairie dog burrows were previously dusted with an insecticide, deltamethrin, used to control fleas (vectors of the causative agent of plague, Yersinia pestis). This situation provided context to compare genetic variability and structure among dusted and non-dusted colonies pre-epizootic, and among the three dusted colonies pre- and post-epizootic. We found no statistical difference in population genetic structures between dusted and non-dusted colonies pre-epizootic. On dusted colonies, gene flow and recent migration rates increased from the first (pre-epizootic) year to the second (post-epizootic) year which suggested dusted colonies were acting as refugia for prairie dogs from surrounding colonies impacted by plague. Indeed, in the dusted colonies, estimated densities of adult prairie dogs (including dispersers), but not juveniles (non-dispersers), increased from the first year to the second year. In addition to preserving BTPDs and many species that depend on them, protecting colonies with deltamethrin or a plague vaccine could be an effective method to preserve genetic variability of prairie dogs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-011-0275-0","issn":"15660621","usgsCitation":"Jones, P., Biggins, D.E., Eads, D., Eads, S., and Britten, H., 2012, Deltamethrin flea-control preserves genetic variability of black-tailed prairie dogs during a plague outbreak: Conservation Genetics, v. 13, no. 1, p. 183-195, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-011-0275-0.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"195","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Phillips","otherGeospatial":"Fort Belknap Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.8580322265625,\n 47.39091206104779\n ],\n [\n -107.303466796875,\n 47.39091206104779\n ],\n [\n -107.303466796875,\n 48.95858066440977\n ],\n [\n -108.8580322265625,\n 48.95858066440977\n ],\n [\n -108.8580322265625,\n 47.39091206104779\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe78e4b0c8380cd4ed43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, P.H.","contributorId":50963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eads, David deads@usgs.gov","contributorId":200549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eads","given":"David","email":"deads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":435994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eads, S.L.","contributorId":11424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eads","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Britten, H.B.","contributorId":73420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Britten","given":"H.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032320,"text":"70032320 - 2012 - Mercury speciation and transport via submarine groundwater discharge at a southern California coastal lagoon system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T21:14:55.639395","indexId":"70032320","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury speciation and transport via submarine groundwater discharge at a southern California coastal lagoon system","docAbstract":"We measured total mercury (HgT) and monomethylmercury (MMHg) concentrations in coastal groundwater and seawater over a range of tidal conditions near Malibu Lagoon, California, and used 222Rn-derived estimates of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) to assess the flux of mercury species to nearshore seawater. We infer a groundwater-seawater mixing scenario based on salinity and temperature trends and suggest that increased groundwater discharge to the ocean during low tide transported mercury offshore. Unfiltered HgT (U-HgT) concentrations in groundwater (2.2–5.9 pM) and seawater (3.3–5.2 pM) decreased during a falling tide, with groundwater U-HgT concentrations typically lower than seawater concentrations. Despite the low HgT in groundwater, bioaccumulative MMHg was produced in onshore sediment as evidenced by elevated MMHg concentrations in groundwater (0.2–1 pM) relative to seawater (∼0.1 pM) throughout most of the tidal cycle. During low tide, groundwater appeared to transport MMHg to the coast, resulting in a 5-fold increase in seawater MMHg (from 0.1 to 0.5 pM). Similarly, filtered HgT (F-HgT) concentrations in seawater increased approximately 7-fold during low tide (from 0.5 to 3.6 pM). These elevated seawater F-HgT concentrations exceeded those in filtered and unfiltered groundwater during low tide, but were similar to seawater U-HgT concentrations, suggesting that enhanced SGD altered mercury partitioning and/or solubilization dynamics in coastal waters. Finally, we estimate that the SGD HgT and MMHg fluxes to seawater were 0.41 and 0.15 nmol m–2 d–1, respectively – comparable in magnitude to atmospheric and benthic fluxes in similar environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society.","doi":"10.1021/es202783u","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Ganguli, P., Conaway, C.H., Swarzenski, P.W., Izbicki, J., and Flegal, A., 2012, Mercury speciation and transport via submarine groundwater discharge at a southern California coastal lagoon system: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 3, p. 1480-1488, https://doi.org/10.1021/es202783u.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1480","endPage":"1488","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242549,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214798,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es202783u"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Southern California Coastal Lagoon System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.68435859680176,\n 34.02861991381927\n ],\n [\n -118.67337226867674,\n 34.02861991381927\n ],\n [\n -118.67337226867674,\n 34.03900467904445\n ],\n [\n -118.68435859680176,\n 34.03900467904445\n ],\n [\n -118.68435859680176,\n 34.02861991381927\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a542ee4b0c8380cd6cedd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganguli, P.M.","contributorId":79717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganguli","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conaway, Christopher H. 0000-0002-0991-033X cconaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0991-033X","contributorId":5074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Christopher","email":"cconaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Izbicki, J. A. 0000-0003-0816-4408","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":28244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flegal, A.R.","contributorId":64607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flegal","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70189192,"text":"70189192 - 2012 - Humic acid facilitates the transport of ARS-labeled hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in iron oxyhydroxide-coated sand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T13:49:19","indexId":"70189192","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Humic acid facilitates the transport of ARS-labeled hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in iron oxyhydroxide-coated sand","docAbstract":"Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAP) have been widely used to remediate soil and wastewater contaminated with metals and radionuclides. However, our understanding of nHAP transport and fate is limited in natural environments that exhibit significant variability in solid and solution chemistry. The transport and retention kinetics of Alizarin red S (ARS)-labeled nHAP were investigated in water-saturated packed columns that encompassed a range of humic acid concentrations (HA, 0–10 mg L–1), fractional surface coverage of iron oxyhydroxide coatings on sand grains (λ, 0–0.75), and pH (6.0–10.5). HA was found to have a marked effect on the electrokinetic properties of ARS-nHAP, and on the transport and retention of ARS-nHAP in granular media. The transport of ARS-nHAP was found to increase with increasing HA concentration because of enhanced colloidal stability and the reduced aggregate size. When HA = 10 mg L–1, greater ARS-nHAP attachment occurred with increasing λ because of increased electrostatic attraction between negatively charged nanoparticles and positively charged iron oxyhydroxides, although alkaline conditions (pH 8.0 and 10.5) reversed the surface charge of the iron oxyhydroxides and therefore decreased deposition. The retention profiles of ARS-nHAP exhibited a hyperexponential shape for all test conditions, suggesting some unfavorable attachment conditions. Retarded breakthrough curves occurred in sands with iron oxyhydroxide coatings because of time-dependent occupation of favorable deposition sites. Consideration of the above effects is necessary to improve remediation efficiency of nHAP for metals and actinides in soils and subsurface environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es203784u","usgsCitation":"Wang, D., Bradford, S.A., Harvey, R.W., Gao, B., Cang, L., and Zhou, D., 2012, Humic acid facilitates the transport of ARS-labeled hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in iron oxyhydroxide-coated sand: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 5, p. 2738-2745, https://doi.org/10.1021/es203784u.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2738","endPage":"2745","ipdsId":"IP-035826","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343424,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c46e4b0d1f9f057e37a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Dengjun","contributorId":194256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Dengjun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, Scott A.","contributorId":194257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradford","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gao, Bin","contributorId":194198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gao","given":"Bin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cang, Long","contributorId":194332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cang","given":"Long","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhou, Dongmei","contributorId":194259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhou","given":"Dongmei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70191700,"text":"70191700 - 2012 - KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-19T11:03:06","indexId":"70191700","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3619,"text":"Transactions of the ASABE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation","title":"KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation","docAbstract":"KINEROS (KINematic runoff and EROSion) originated in the 1960s as a distributed event-based model that conceptualizes a watershed as a cascade of overland flow model elements that flow into trapezoidal channel model elements. KINEROS was one of the first widely available watershed models that interactively coupled a finite difference approximation of the kinematic overland flow equations to a physically based infiltration model. Development and improvement of KINEROS continued from the 1960s on a variety of projects for a range of purposes, which has resulted in a suite of KINEROS-based modeling tools. This article focuses on KINEROS2 (K2), a spatially distributed, event-based watershed rainfall-runoff and erosion model, and the companion ArcGIS-based Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment (AGWA) tool. AGWA automates the time-consuming tasks of watershed delineation into distributed model elements and initial parameterization of these elements using commonly available, national GIS data layers. A variety of approaches have been used to calibrate and validate K2 successfully across a relatively broad range of applications (e.g., urbanization, pre- and post-fire, hillslope erosion, erosion from roads, runoff and recharge, and manure transport). The case studies presented in this article (1) compare lumped to stepwise calibration and validation of runoff and sediment at plot, hillslope, and small watershed scales; and (2) demonstrate an uncalibrated application to address relative change in watershed response to wildfire.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASABE","doi":"10.13031/2013.42264","usgsCitation":"Goodrich, D., Burns, I., Unkrich, C., Semmens, D.J., Guertin, D., Hernandez, M., Yatheendradas, S., Kennedy, J.R., and Levick, L.R., 2012, KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation: Transactions of the ASABE, v. 55, no. 4, p. 1561-1574, https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.42264.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1561","endPage":"1574","ipdsId":"IP-036418","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b998e4b05fe04cd65ceb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodrich, D.C.","contributorId":98492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodrich","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, I.S.","contributorId":197274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"I.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Unkrich, C.L.","contributorId":74537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Unkrich","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529 dsemmens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":1714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius","email":"dsemmens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guertin, D.P.","contributorId":36264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guertin","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hernandez, M.","contributorId":197277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hernandez","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yatheendradas, S.","contributorId":13035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yatheendradas","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kennedy, Jeffrey R. 0000-0002-3365-6589 jkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-6589","contributorId":2172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Levick, Lainie R.","contributorId":23229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levick","given":"Lainie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70158612,"text":"70158612 - 2012 - Anguillidae: Freshwater eels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-28T15:54:25.842805","indexId":"70158612","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Anguillidae: Freshwater eels","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"North american freshwater fishes: natural history, ecology, and conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Johns Hopkins University Press","publisherLocation":"Baltimore, Md","usgsCitation":"Haro, A., 2012, Anguillidae: Freshwater eels, chap. of North american freshwater fishes: natural history, ecology, and conservation, p. 21-22.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039301","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309463,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"563494c8e4b048076347fbc6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Warren, Melvin L. Jr.","contributorId":112298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"Melvin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576308,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burr, Brooks M.","contributorId":146823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burr","given":"Brooks","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576309,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Haro, Alexander 0000-0002-7188-9172 aharo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-9172","contributorId":139198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haro","given":"Alexander","email":"aharo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70157172,"text":"70157172 - 2012 - Thermal infrared remote sensing of water temperature in riverine landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:20:55","indexId":"70157172","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Thermal infrared remote sensing of water temperature in riverine landscapes","docAbstract":"Water temperature in riverine landscapes is an important regional indicator of water quality that is influenced by both ground- and surface-water inputs, and indirectly by land use in the surrounding watershed (Brown and Krygier, 1970; Beschta et al., 1987; Chen et al., 1998; Poole and Berman, 2001).Coldwater fishes such as salmon and trout are sensitive to elevated water temperature; therefore, water temperature must meet management guidelines and quality standards, which aim to create a healthy environment for endangered populations (McCullough et al., 2009). For example, in the USA, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established water quality standards to identify specific temperature criteria to protect coldwater fishes (Environmental Protection Agency, 2003). Trout and salmon can survive in cool-water refugia even when temperatures at other measurement locations are at or above the recommended maximums (Ebersole et al., 2001; Baird and Krueger, 2003; High et al., 2006). Spatially extensive measurements of water temperature are necessary to locate these refugia, to identify the location of ground- and surface-water inputs to the river channel, and to identify thermal pollution sources. Regional assessment of water temperature in streams and rivers has been limited by sparse sampling in both space and time. Water temperature has typically been measured using a network of widely distributed instream gages, which record the temporal change of the bulk, or kinetic, temperature of the water (Tk) at specific locations. For example, the State of Washington (USA) recorded water quality conditions at 76 stations within the Puget Lowlands eco region, which contains 12,721 km of streams and rivers (Washington Department of Ecology, 1998). Such gages are sparsely distributed, are typically located only in larger streams and rivers, and give limited information about the spatial distribution of water temperature.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fluvial remote sensing for science and management","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publisherLocation":"Chichester; Hoboken","usgsCitation":"Handcock, R.N., Torgersen, C., Cherkauer, K., Gillespie, A.R., Klement, T., Faux, R.N., and Tan, J., 2012, Thermal infrared remote sensing of water temperature in riverine landscapes, chap. of Fluvial remote sensing for science and management, p. 85-113.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"113","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308075,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb70de4b058f706e53f31","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Carbonneau, Patrice E.","contributorId":147604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carbonneau","given":"Patrice","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572133,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piégay, Hervé","contributorId":147605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piégay","given":"Hervé","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572134,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Handcock, Rebecca N.","contributorId":147606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Handcock","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":48143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cherkauer, Keith A.","contributorId":73736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherkauer","given":"Keith A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gillespie, Alan R.","contributorId":147607,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Klement, Tockner","contributorId":147608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klement","given":"Tockner","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Faux, Russell N.","contributorId":146937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faux","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":16760,"text":"Watershed Sciences, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tan, Jing","contributorId":147609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tan","given":"Jing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70193313,"text":"70193313 - 2012 - Seed dispersal and seed fate in Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T15:02:10","indexId":"70193313","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Seed dispersal and seed fate in Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia)","title":"Seed dispersal and seed fate in Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia)","docAbstract":"Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia) is a charismatic symbol of the Mojave Desert. Despite its familiarity, we know little about the reproduction of this species, including mechanisms of seed dispersal. Here we examine mechanisms of seed dispersal and resulting seed fate. We experimentally tracked fruit and seed removal and followed the fates of Joshua tree seeds using radioactive tracers. The majority of Joshua tree fruits monitored were taken directly from the tree canopy by white-tailed antelope squirrels, and seeds and fruits on the soil surface were quickly removed by animals. Rodents given seeds labeled with scandium-46 cached them between 0.1 cm and 4.1 cm deep. Seedling emergence was most common for seeds planted 1 cm deep, whereas seeds placed on the soil surface seldom germinated. Wind dispersal is unlikely because fruits and seeds lack adaptations for wind dispersal; wind speeds required to move Joshua tree seeds and fruits across the soil surface were higher than those typically found in the Mojave Desert. Further, rodents removed most seeds before abiotic burial was possible. We conclude that most Joshua tree seeds are dispersed by scatter hoarding by rodents, and that caches made by rodents are suitable sites for seedling emergence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.12.012","usgsCitation":"Waitman, B., Vander Wall, S., and Esque, T., 2012, Seed dispersal and seed fate in Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia): Journal of Arid Environments, v. 81, p. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.12.012.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","ipdsId":"IP-019810","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","volume":"81","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bbfe4b0531197afa059","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waitman, B.A.","contributorId":70908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waitman","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vander Wall, S.B.","contributorId":92475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vander Wall","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd 0000-0002-4166-6234 tesque@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":195896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}